Rear axle for a fork lift truck, fork lift truck and method of working

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of motor vehicles, and particularly relates to a forklift rear axle, a forklift and a working method. The forklift rear axle comprises a controller, a fixing seat, two driving assemblies, two steering assemblies, two bearing assemblies and two tires. When the lower bearing seat in any bearing assembly rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat under the drive of the corresponding steering assembly, the copper sleeve unit in the bearing assembly deforms between the lower bearing seat and the fixing seat and is attached to the lower bearing seat and the fixing seat. By arranging the copper sleeve unit in the bearing assembly to fill between the lower bearing seat and the fixing seat, even when the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat rotate non-concentrically, the copper sleeve unit can be used for buffering due to its high ductility, the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat can be prevented from being stuck, the copper sleeve unit is attached to the lower bearing seat and the fixing seat, the sealing performance of the bearing assembly is improved, the risk of impurities entering the bearing assembly is reduced, the problem that the bearing assembly needs to be frequently replaced is solved, and the use cost of the forklift rear axle is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of trackless land vehicle technology, specifically relating to motor vehicles, and more particularly to a forklift rear axle, a forklift, and a working method. Background Technology

[0002] The two ends of the forklift's rear axle are connected to the steering mechanism via bearings to complete the forklift's steering function.

[0003] The forklift rear axle is connected to one bearing housing of the bearing, while the steering part is connected to the other bearing housing. The forklift rear axle plays a load-bearing role. Uneven stress on the forklift rear axle can also cause the two bearing housings in the bearing to rotate out of concentricity. If the two bearing housings are out of concentricity, they may wear against each other, or they may get stuck and unable to rotate relative to each other, or the bearing housings may wear against the spindle. In particular, when the two bearing housings get stuck, it will cause wear failure. After the problem occurs, the bearings need to be replaced, resulting in a short service life and increased maintenance costs for the forklift rear axle.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new forklift rear axle, forklift, and working method to solve the technical problem of frequent bearing replacement caused by uneven stress in the forklift rear axle, which leads to non-concentric rotation of the two bearing seats in the bearing.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute prior art information. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This disclosure provides at least one forklift rear axle, a forklift, and a method of operation.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a forklift rear axle, comprising: a controller, a fixed base, two drive assemblies, two steering assemblies, two bearing assemblies, and two tires; wherein two drive assemblies are respectively connected to the fixed base, and both drive assemblies are respectively electrically connected to the controller; two steering assemblies are respectively movably connected to their corresponding drive assemblies, and both steering assemblies are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed base via their corresponding bearing assemblies, and both steering assemblies are respectively connected to their corresponding tires; the controller is configured to control the two drive assemblies to drive their corresponding steering assemblies to steer the two tires; when the lower bearing seat in any of the bearing assemblies is driven by the corresponding steering assembly and rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat, the copper sleeve unit in the bearing assembly deforms between the lower bearing seat and the limiting post of the fixed base and fits against the lower bearing seat and the limiting post.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the bearing assembly includes: a lower bearing housing, an upper bearing housing, and a copper sleeve unit; the lower bearing housing is connected to a corresponding steering assembly, the upper bearing housing is connected to a fixed base, and the upper bearing housing is movably fitted onto the lower bearing housing; the copper sleeve unit is located between the lower bearing housing and a limiting post; when the lower bearing housing rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing housing under the drive of the corresponding steering assembly, the copper sleeve unit deforms between the lower bearing housing and the limiting post and fits against the lower bearing housing and the limiting post.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the copper sleeve unit includes: a copper ring sleeve; the copper ring sleeve is located between the lower bearing seat and the limiting post; when the lower bearing seat rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat under the drive of the corresponding steering component, the copper ring sleeve deforms between the lower bearing seat and the limiting post and fits against the lower bearing seat and the limiting post.

[0010] In one alternative embodiment, the bottom of the copper ring extends below the lower bearing seat to prevent external impurities from entering the oil cavity in the fixed seat.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the copper sleeve unit further includes: a plurality of blades; each blade is sequentially connected to the top of the copper ring sleeve, each blade is located above the lower bearing seat, and each blade is inclined toward the lower bearing seat; when the lower bearing seat drives the copper ring sleeve to rotate, each blade guides the grease in the oil cavity to move to the lower bearing seat until the grease seeps into the space between the lower bearing seat and the upper bearing seat for lubrication.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the copper sleeve unit further includes: a plurality of assembly guide posts; a plurality of snap-fit ​​holes are arranged around the copper ring sleeve, and each assembly guide post is located in a corresponding snap-fit ​​hole; the diameter of the assembly guide post is greater than the wall thickness of the copper ring sleeve; when the copper ring sleeve is deformed, the plug moves toward the copper ring sleeve to push against the copper ring sleeve or the assembly guide post to separate the copper ring sleeve from the lower bearing seat, and the outer diameter of the plug is consistent with the outer diameter of the copper ring sleeve.

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the drive assembly includes: a drive member; the drive member is connected to a fixed base, the drive member is movably connected to a corresponding steering assembly, and the drive member is electrically connected to a controller; the controller is configured to control the drive member to drive the steering assembly to steer the tires.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the steering assembly includes: a connector and a steering seat; the connector is hinged to a corresponding drive member and the steering seat; the steering seat is connected to a lower bearing housing and to a corresponding tire; the connector drives the steering seat to rotate under the force of the drive member, thereby steering the corresponding tire.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure also provide a forklift, which includes: a mobile body and a forklift rear axle as described above; wherein the forklift rear axle is mounted on the mobile body.

[0016] Thirdly, this disclosure also provides a working method applicable to the rear axle of a forklift as described above, comprising: two drive components respectively connected to a fixed seat, and the two drive components respectively electrically connected to a controller; two steering components respectively movably connected to corresponding drive components, the two steering components respectively rotatably connected to the fixed seat through corresponding bearing components, and the two steering components respectively connected to corresponding tires; the controller controls the two drive components to drive the corresponding steering components to steer the two tires; when the lower bearing seat in any bearing component is driven by the corresponding steering component and rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat, the copper sleeve unit in the bearing component deforms between the lower bearing seat and the limiting post of the fixed seat and fits against the lower bearing seat and the limiting post.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are that by setting a copper sleeve unit in the bearing assembly and filling it between the lower bearing housing and the fixed housing, the high ductility of the copper sleeve unit can provide buffering even when the upper and lower bearing housings rotate non-concentrically, thus preventing the upper and lower bearing housings from jamming and improving the service life of the bearing assembly. Furthermore, the copper sleeve unit keeps in close contact with the lower bearing housing and the fixed housing, improving the sealing performance of the bearing assembly and reducing the risk of impurities entering the bearing assembly. At the same time, only the copper sleeve unit is worn, and the copper sleeve unit is cheaper than the bearing, solving the problem of frequent replacement of bearing assemblies leading to increased maintenance costs and reducing the operating cost of the forklift rear axle.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a forklift rear axle provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a fixing base provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a bearing assembly provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a mounting base, a steering assembly, and a bearing assembly provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a copper sleeve unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 6 A top view of a copper sleeve unit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a front view of a copper sleeve unit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1. Fixed base; 11. Oil cavity; 12. Limiting post;

[0030] 2. Drive components; 21. Drive parts;

[0031] 3. Steering assembly; 31. Connector; 32. Steering mount;

[0032] 4. Bearing assembly; 41. Upper bearing housing; 42. Lower bearing housing; 43. Copper sleeve unit; 431. Copper ring sleeve; 4311. Snap-fit ​​hole; 432. Blade; 433. Assembly guide post;

[0033] 5. Tires;

[0034] 6. Plug. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In this document, when it is mentioned that a first component is located on a second component, this can mean that the first component can be directly formed on the second component, or that a third component can be inserted between the first and second components. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the thickness of components may be exaggerated or reduced for the purpose of effectively describing the technical content.

[0037] In this document, when an element or layer is referred to as “located,” “joined to,” “connected to,” “attached to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly located, joined, connected, attached to, or coupled to the other element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers present. Conversely, when an element is referred to as “directly on another element or layer,” “directly joined to,” “directly connected to,” “directly attached to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intermediate elements or layers present. Other terms used to describe relationships between elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0038] In this document, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As used herein, expressions such as “at least one of…” modify the entire list of elements when following a list of elements, rather than individual elements in the list. For example, the expression “at least one of a, b, and c” should be understood to include only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, or all of a, b, and c.

[0039] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific exemplary configurations only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular articles “a,” “an,” and “the” may also be intended to include plural forms unless otherwise clearly stated herein. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are inclusive and thus specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein should not be construed as requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as such. Additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0040] As used herein, the phrases “in one embodiment,” “according to one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” etc., generally refer to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase can be included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in more than one embodiment of this disclosure, such that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., are used to “serve as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. Rather, the use of the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., is intended to present concepts in a specific manner.

[0041] Research has revealed that the forklift's rear axle is connected to the steering mechanism at both ends via bearings, enabling the forklift's steering function. The rear axle connects to one bearing housing, while the steering mechanism connects to the other. During assembly, misalignment of the two bearing housings can occur. Since the rear axle bears the load, uneven stress can also lead to misalignment of the bearing housings. If the bearing housings are misaligned, they may wear against each other, become stuck, or wear against the spindle. Currently, bearings are considered consumable parts and are replaced only after wear, resulting in a short service life.

[0042] Based on the above research, this disclosure provides a forklift rear axle, a forklift, and a working method. A copper sleeve unit is provided in the bearing assembly to fill the space between the lower bearing housing and the fixed seat. Even when the upper and lower bearing housings rotate non-concentrically, the high ductility of the copper sleeve unit can provide buffering, preventing the upper and lower bearing housings from jamming. Furthermore, the copper sleeve unit maintains close contact with the lower bearing housing and the fixed seat, improving the sealing performance of the bearing assembly, reducing the risk of impurities entering the bearing assembly, solving the problem of frequent bearing assembly replacement, and reducing the operating cost of the forklift rear axle.

[0043] The shortcomings of the above solutions are the result of the inventor's practical experience and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed in this disclosure should be considered as the inventor's contribution to this disclosure.

[0044] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0045] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, at least one embodiment provides a forklift rear axle, comprising: a controller, a fixed base 1, two drive assemblies 2, two steering assemblies 3, two bearing assemblies 4, and two tires 5; wherein the two drive assemblies 2 are respectively connected to the fixed base 1, and the two drive assemblies 2 are respectively electrically connected to the controller; the two steering assemblies 3 are respectively movably connected to the corresponding drive assemblies 2, the two steering assemblies 3 are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed base 1 through the corresponding bearing assemblies 4, and the two steering assemblies 3 are respectively connected to the corresponding tires 5; the controller is configured to control the two drive assemblies 2 to drive the corresponding steering assemblies 3 to steer the two tires 5; when the lower bearing seat 42 in any of the bearing assemblies 4 is driven by the corresponding steering assembly 3 and rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat 41, the copper sleeve unit 43 in the bearing assembly 4 deforms between the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12 of the fixed base 1 and fits against the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12.

[0047] In at least one embodiment, by providing a copper sleeve unit 43 in the bearing assembly 4 to fill between the lower bearing seat 42 and the fixed seat 1, the high ductility of the copper sleeve unit 43 can provide buffering even when the upper bearing seat 41 and the lower bearing seat 42 rotate non-concentrically, thus preventing the upper bearing seat 41 and the lower bearing seat 42 from jamming, thereby increasing the service life of the bearing assembly 4. Furthermore, the copper sleeve unit 43 keeps in close contact with the lower bearing seat 42 and the fixed seat 1, improving the sealing performance of the bearing assembly 4 and reducing the risk of impurities entering the bearing assembly 4. At the same time, only the copper sleeve unit 43 is worn, and the copper sleeve unit 43 is cheaper than the bearing, solving the problem of frequent replacement of the bearing assembly 4 leading to increased maintenance costs and reducing the operating cost of the forklift rear axle.

[0048] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 The bearing assembly 4 includes a lower bearing seat 42, an upper bearing seat 41, and a copper sleeve unit 43. The lower bearing seat 42 is connected to the corresponding steering assembly 3, and the upper bearing seat 41 is connected to the fixed seat 1. The upper bearing seat 41 is movably fitted onto the lower bearing seat 42. The copper sleeve unit 43 is located between the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12. When the lower bearing seat 42 rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat 41 under the drive of the corresponding steering assembly 3, the copper sleeve unit 43 deforms between the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12 and fits against the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12.

[0049] Specifically, the lower bearing seat 42 is rotatably connected to the upper bearing seat 41. When the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 are properly assembled and the fixed seat 1 is subjected to uniform force, the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 rotate concentrically. However, when the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 are not properly assembled or the fixed seat 1 is subjected to uneven force, the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 rotate non-concentrically. At this time, the copper sleeve unit 43 is deformed by compression, but the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 can still rotate. That is, the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 will not jam. At the same time, the reaction force of the copper sleeve unit 43 on the lower bearing seat 42 can also drive the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 to return to the concentric state.

[0050] Specifically, a limiting post 12 is provided inside the fixed seat 1. The limiting post 12 passes through the copper sleeve unit 43, and the copper sleeve unit 43 is interference-fitted between the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12. The copper sleeve unit 43 always keeps in close contact with the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12, which can improve the sealing performance of the fixed seat 1 and prevent grease from flowing out of the fixed seat 1.

[0051] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The copper sleeve unit 43 includes a copper ring sleeve 431; the copper ring sleeve 431 is located between the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12; when the lower bearing seat 42 rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat 41 under the drive of the corresponding steering component 3, the copper ring sleeve 431 deforms between the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12 and fits against the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12.

[0052] Specifically, the copper ring sleeve 431 acts as a buffer, which can prevent the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 from jamming when they rotate out of concentricity, and can also guide the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 to return to a concentric state.

[0053] Specifically, the copper ring sleeve 431 always remains in contact with the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12, which can prevent impurities from entering the fixed seat 1 and solve the problem of grease being contaminated by impurities in the fixed seat 1.

[0054] Specifically, the copper ring sleeve 431 always remains in contact with the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12, and can also prevent the upper bearing seat 41 and the lower bearing seat 42 from becoming loose and from separating.

[0055] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The bottom of the copper ring sleeve 431 extends to the lower bearing seat 42 to prevent external impurities from entering the oil cavity 11 in the fixed seat 1.

[0056] Specifically, after the bottom of the copper ring sleeve 431 extends to the bottom of the lower bearing seat 42, external impurities are difficult to pass through the copper ring sleeve 431 and enter the oil cavity 11 in the fixed seat 1.

[0057] Specifically, the oil cavity 11 in the fixed seat 1 is filled with grease, which serves to lubricate the upper bearing seat 41 and the lower bearing seat 42.

[0058] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The copper sleeve unit 43 further includes: a plurality of blades 432; each blade 432 is sequentially connected to the top of the copper ring sleeve 431, each blade 432 is located above the lower bearing seat 42, and each blade 432 is inclined toward the lower bearing seat 42; when the lower bearing seat 42 drives the copper ring sleeve 431 to rotate, each blade 432 guides the grease in the oil cavity 11 to move toward the lower bearing seat 42 until the grease seeps into the space between the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 for lubrication.

[0059] Specifically, please refer to Figure 5 The copper ring sleeve 431 rotates along the F3 direction under the drive of the rotating seat. At the same time, the blade 432 is inclined and set on the top of the copper ring sleeve 431. When the copper ring sleeve 431 drives the blade 432 to rotate, the blade 432 stirs the grease in the oil chamber 11 to move towards the F4 direction. Then, the grease seeps into the space between the lower bearing seat 42 and the upper bearing seat 41 for lubrication under the guidance.

[0060] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The copper sleeve unit 43 further includes: a plurality of assembly guide posts 433; a plurality of snap-fit ​​holes 4311 are arranged around the copper ring sleeve 431, and each of the assembly guide posts 433 is located in the corresponding snap-fit ​​hole 4311; the diameter of the assembly guide post 433 is greater than the wall thickness of the copper ring sleeve 431; when the copper ring sleeve 431 is deformed, the plug head 6 moves toward the copper ring sleeve 431 to push the copper ring sleeve 431 or the assembly guide post 433 to separate the copper ring sleeve 431 from the lower bearing seat 42, and the outer diameter of the plug head 6 is consistent with the outer diameter of the copper ring sleeve 431.

[0061] Specifically, because the copper ring sleeve 431 deforms due to the pressure from the lower bearing seat 42, the copper ring sleeve 431 may enlarge. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 If the plug 6 moves towards the copper ring sleeve 431 in the F5 direction at this time, and if the assembly guide post 433 is not provided, the plug 6 will pass directly through the copper ring sleeve 431, making it impossible to separate the copper ring sleeve 431 from the lower bearing seat 42. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 After the assembly guide post 433 is set in the snap hole 4311 of the copper ring sleeve 431, since the diameter of the assembly guide post 433 is greater than the wall thickness of the copper ring sleeve 431, even if the copper ring sleeve 431 is enlarged, the assembly guide post 433 will still be on the moving path of the plug head 6. The plug head 6 pushes against the assembly guide post 433 to drive the copper ring sleeve 431 to move, thereby realizing the separation of the copper ring sleeve 431 from the lower bearing seat 42.

[0062] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The drive assembly 2 includes: a drive member 21; the drive member 21 is connected to the fixed base 1, the drive member 21 is movably connected to the corresponding steering assembly 3, and the drive member 21 is electrically connected to the controller; the controller is configured to control the drive member 21 to drive the steering assembly 3 to steer the tire 5.

[0063] Specifically, the drive component 21 may be, but is not limited to, a cylinder.

[0064] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 The drive component 21 pulls the steering assembly 3 along the F1 direction, thereby turning the tire 5.

[0065] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The steering assembly 3 includes a connector 31 and a steering seat 32; the connector 31 is hinged to the corresponding drive member 21 and the steering seat 32; the steering seat 32 is connected to the lower bearing seat 42 and the steering seat 32 is connected to the corresponding tire 5; the connector 31 drives the steering seat 32 to rotate under the force of the drive member 21, so as to drive the corresponding tire 5 to steer.

[0066] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 The connecting member 31 swings under the drive of the driving member 21. At the same time, since the steering seat 32 is hinged to the connecting member 31, the steering seat 32 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat 1. Thus, the steering seat 32 can rotate in the F2 direction to achieve the steering of the tire 5.

[0067] Based on the same technical concept, at least one embodiment also provides a forklift, which includes: a mobile body and a forklift rear axle as described above; wherein the forklift rear axle is mounted on the mobile body.

[0068] Based on the same technical concept, at least one embodiment also provides a working method applicable to the rear axle of a forklift as described above, which includes: two drive components 2 are respectively connected to a fixed seat 1, and the two drive components 2 are respectively electrically connected to a controller; two steering components 3 are respectively movably connected to the corresponding drive components 2, the two steering components 3 are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed seat 1 through corresponding bearing components 4, and the two steering components 3 are respectively connected to the corresponding tires 5; the controller controls the two drive components 2 to drive the corresponding steering components 3 to turn the two tires 5; when the lower bearing seat 42 in any bearing component 4 is driven by the corresponding steering component 3 and rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat 41, the copper sleeve unit 43 in the bearing component 4 deforms between the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12 of the fixed seat 1 and fits against the lower bearing seat 42 and the limiting post 12.

[0069] In summary, this invention, by incorporating a copper sleeve unit within the bearing assembly and filling the space between the lower bearing housing and the fixed seat, utilizes the high ductility of the copper sleeve unit to provide cushioning even when the upper and lower bearing housings rotate non-concentrically. This prevents the upper and lower bearing housings from jamming, thus extending the service life of the bearing assembly. Furthermore, the copper sleeve unit maintains close contact with the lower bearing housing and the fixed seat, improving the sealing performance of the bearing assembly and reducing the risk of impurities entering the bearing assembly. Since only the copper sleeve unit experiences wear, and the copper sleeve unit is less expensive than the bearing itself, this invention solves the problem of frequent bearing assembly replacements leading to increased maintenance costs and reduces the operating costs of the forklift rear axle.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0071] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence unless expressly indicated herein. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed above may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer, or segment.

[0072] Spatially relative terms, such as “inside,” “outside,” “below,” “below,” “down,” “above,” “up,” etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature illustrated in the figures and another element or feature. In addition to the orientations depicted in the figures, spatially relative terms may be intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as “below” or “below” other elements or features would be oriented as “above” other elements or features. Thus, the example term “below” can cover both above and below orientations. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0073] In the above discussion, unless otherwise stated, when used to describe numerical values, the terms “about,” “approximately,” “basically,” etc., indicate a change of + / - 10% in that value.

[0074] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A forklift rear axle, characterized in that, include: The controller, mounting base (1), two drive assemblies (2), two steering assemblies (3), two bearing assemblies (4), and two tires (5); The two drive components (2) are respectively connected to the fixed base (1), and the two drive components (2) are respectively electrically connected to the controller; The two steering components (3) are movably connected to the corresponding drive components (2), the two steering components (3) are rotatably connected to the fixed seat (1) through the corresponding bearing components (4), and the two steering components (3) are connected to the corresponding tires (5); The controller is configured to control the two drive components (2) to drive the corresponding steering components (3) to steer the two tires (5); The bearing assembly (4) includes: a lower bearing housing (42), an upper bearing housing (41), and a copper bushing unit (43). The lower bearing seat (42) is connected to the corresponding steering assembly (3), the upper bearing seat (41) is connected to the fixed seat (1), and the upper bearing seat (41) is movably fitted onto the lower bearing seat (42). The copper sleeve unit (43) is located between the lower bearing seat (42) and the limiting post (12); The copper sleeve unit (43) includes: a copper ring sleeve (431); The copper ring sleeve (431) is located between the lower bearing seat (42) and the limiting post (12); When the lower bearing seat (42) rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat (41) under the drive of the corresponding steering component (3), the copper ring sleeve (431) deforms between the lower bearing seat (42) and the limiting post (12) and fits against the lower bearing seat (42) and the limiting post (12); The copper sleeve unit (43) also includes: a plurality of assembly guide posts (433); The copper ring sleeve (431) has a plurality of snap-fit ​​holes (4311) arranged around it, and each of the assembly guide posts (433) is located in the corresponding snap-fit ​​hole (4311). The diameter of the assembly guide post (433) is greater than the wall thickness of the copper ring sleeve (431); When the copper ring sleeve (431) is deformed, the plug (6) moves toward the copper ring sleeve (431) to push against the copper ring sleeve (431) or the assembly guide post (433) to separate the copper ring sleeve (431) from the lower bearing seat (42), and the outer diameter of the plug (6) is consistent with the outer diameter of the copper ring sleeve (431).

2. The forklift rear axle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the copper ring sleeve (431) extends below the lower bearing seat (42) to prevent external impurities from entering the oil cavity (11) in the fixed seat (1).

3. The forklift rear axle as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The copper sleeve unit (43) also includes: a plurality of blades (432); Each blade (432) is connected to the top of the copper ring sleeve (431) in sequence. Each blade (432) is located above the lower bearing seat (42) and each blade (432) is inclined toward the lower bearing seat (42). When the lower bearing housing (42) drives the copper ring sleeve (431) to rotate, each blade (432) guides the grease in the oil chamber (11) to move to the lower bearing housing (42) until the grease seeps into the space between the lower bearing housing (42) and the upper bearing housing (41) for lubrication.

4. The forklift rear axle as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive component (2) includes: a drive element (21); The drive unit (21) is connected to the fixed base (1), the drive unit (21) is movably connected to the corresponding steering assembly (3), and the drive unit (21) is electrically connected to the controller; The controller is configured to control the drive unit (21) to drive the steering assembly (3) to steer the tires (5).

5. The forklift rear axle as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The steering assembly (3) includes: a connector (31) and a steering seat (32); The connector (31) is hinged to the corresponding drive member (21), and the connector (31) is hinged to the steering seat (32); The steering seat (32) is connected to the lower bearing seat (42), and the steering seat (32) is connected to the corresponding tire (5); The connector (31) drives the steering seat (32) to rotate under the force of the drive member (21), thereby turning the corresponding tire (5).

6. A forklift, characterized in that, include: The moving body and the forklift rear axle as described in any one of claims 1-5; in The forklift rear axle is mounted on the moving body.

7. A method of operating a forklift rear axle as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The two drive components (2) are respectively connected to the fixed base (1), and the two drive components (2) are respectively electrically connected to the controller; The two steering components (3) are movably connected to the corresponding drive components (2), the two steering components (3) are rotatably connected to the fixed seat (1) through the corresponding bearing components (4), and the two steering components (3) are connected to the corresponding tires (5); The controller controls the two drive components (2) to drive the corresponding steering components (3) to steer the two tires (5); When the lower bearing seat (42) in any bearing assembly (4) is driven by the corresponding steering assembly (3) and rotates non-concentrically with the upper bearing seat (41), the copper sleeve unit (43) in the bearing assembly (4) deforms between the lower bearing seat (42) and the limiting post (12) of the fixed seat (1) and fits against the lower bearing seat (42) and the limiting post (12).

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