Coal rock mass cutting source dust reduction system and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a coal rock mass cutting source dust reduction system and a use method thereof. The system integrates a heading machine main body, a cutting tooth spray dust reduction system, a drilling system, a hole sealing and cracking water injection integrated system, a wetting agent adding system, a multifunctional hole sealing and cracking water injection rod changing system and an intelligent detection and centralized electric control system. The wetting agent is automatically proportioned on demand through dust concentration monitoring and electromagnetic metering pump linkage, the spray type cutting tooth is provided with flow monitoring and automatic blockage cleaning functions, and the spray is ensured to be continuous and stable. The hole sealing and cracking water injection integrated rod adopts a gas-water double cavity structure and a liquid nitrogen phase change temperature control elastic hole sealer, and hole sealing, cracking and pulse water injection combined operations are completed in a single hole. In cooperation with a guide rail platform quick rod changing and a multi-mode automatic control process, the whole process cooperation dust reduction of "drilling-hole sealing-cracking-water injection-cutting spray" is realized, dust concentration is reduced, and tunneling safety and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of dust control technology, specifically relating to a dust reduction system at the source of coal and rock mass cutting and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] During the cutting of coal and rock at the coal mine tunneling face, a large amount of high-concentration respirable dust is generated. As the tunneling machine's cutting teeth rotate at high speed to cut through the coal and rock, the fine dust particles, high concentration, and rapid diffusion speed easily form dust clouds at the working face, seriously threatening the respiratory health of workers and increasing the risk of excessive dust and explosions underground. According to current coal mine safety regulations, tunneling machine cutting dust is one of the main sources of underground dust, and effective source control measures must be taken.

[0003] Currently, dust control in coal mine tunneling commonly employs spray dust suppression technologies, such as toothed spray, internal spray, and external spray. However, existing technologies still have some shortcomings. For example, toothed spray outlets are prone to clogging, spraying is discontinuous, and coal dust mixed with water forms a mud-like substance that easily clogs nozzles, preventing normal spraying and causing a sharp drop in dust suppression efficiency. Although some equipment is equipped with unclogging mechanisms, their operation is slow and the degree of automation is low. Wetting fluid preparation is crude, and wetting agent addition is inaccurate. Traditional tunneling sprays usually only use water, which has poor wetting properties and limited adhesion to hydrophobic coal dust, resulting in insufficient dust removal effect. Moreover, existing wetting agent addition methods are mostly manual, making it difficult to adjust the wetting agent concentration in real time according to dust concentration, and failing to meet the needs of dynamically changing dust levels. Dust environment requirements; fracturing and water injection operations are scattered, inefficient and cumbersome to replace rods. In high-gas and hard coal and rock formations, auxiliary drilling fracturing and water injection to soften the coal body are required. However, the existing fracturing system, sealing system and water injection system are mostly independent equipment, with complicated operation procedures, large space occupation, difficult rod replacement process and low operation efficiency. The internal system of the tunneling machine has not formed an integrated source dust reduction system. Most tunneling machines only have a spray system and lack an overall linkage source control structure of "cutting-drilling-sealing-water injection-fracturing-spraying". It is impossible to reduce the amount of dust generation from multiple links such as coal softening, cutting spraying and dust monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust reduction system at the source of coal and rock cutting and its usage method, which can solve the problems of low dust reduction efficiency, easy clogging of spray, inaccurate application of wetting agent, lack of integration of drilling and fracturing water injection operations, and low level of system intelligence in the existing technology, and realize source dust reduction, intelligent dust reduction and integrated collaborative operation throughout the entire coal and rock cutting process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a dust reduction system at the source of coal and rock mass cutting, comprising:

[0006] The tunneling machine body has a tunneling machine drill bit installed at the front end, tunneling machine wheels installed at the bottom, a tunneling machine driver control position on one side of the upper part, and a guide rail on the other side;

[0007] The cutting tooth spray dust suppression system includes a liquid delivery hose and several spray cutting teeth. The spray cutting teeth are spirally distributed and installed on the drill bit of the tunneling machine. They are connected to the liquid delivery hose through a wetting liquid injection port. The other end of the liquid delivery hose is connected to the wetting agent addition system. A liquid booster pump is installed on the liquid delivery hose at the front end of the tunneling machine body, and a solenoid valve is provided at the end near the wetting agent addition system.

[0008] The wetting agent addition system includes a wetting agent box, an electromagnetic metering pump, and a wetting liquid storage tank connected to an infusion hose. The wetting liquid storage tank is connected to a static mixer via a mixed liquid delivery hose. The static mixer is equipped with an external water interface. The suction end and discharge end of the electromagnetic metering pump are connected to the wetting agent box and the wetting agent inlet of the static mixer via the wetting agent delivery hose, respectively.

[0009] The multi-functional borehole fracturing and water injection rod changing system includes a drill rod platform guide rail and a borehole fracturing and water injection integrated rod platform guide rail. The drill rod platform guide rail and the borehole fracturing and water injection integrated rod platform guide rail are vertically distributed on both sides of the rear end of the guide rail. A drill rod platform is matched and connected to the drill rod platform guide rail, and a borehole fracturing and water injection integrated rod platform is matched and connected to the borehole fracturing and water injection integrated rod platform guide rail. A moving platform driven and controlled by a platform drive motor is matched and installed on the guide rail. The moving platform is provided with a circular groove, and the drill rod platform and the borehole fracturing and water injection integrated rod platform are respectively provided with circular protrusions that match the circular groove.

[0010] The drilling system includes a drilling motor mounted on a drill rod platform, with the power output end of the drilling motor connected to the drill rod and the other end of the drill rod connected to the drill bit;

[0011] The integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection system includes a sealing subsystem, a fracturing subsystem, a water injection subsystem, and an integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod. The integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod is mounted on a platform. The sealing subsystem includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank, an annular heat exchanger, and an elastic sealing device. The liquid nitrogen storage tank is located on the platform, and the annular heat exchanger and elastic sealing device are coaxially mounted on the integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod. One end of the annular heat exchanger is connected to the liquid nitrogen storage tank and is equipped with a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic control valve. The fracturing subsystem includes a high-pressure gas storage tank, which is located on the main body of the tunneling machine. An external gas inlet is located on the rear side of the high-pressure gas storage tank, and the front outlet is connected to… A high-pressure gas hose equipped with a gas electromagnetic control valve is connected to the other end of the high-pressure gas hose, which is connected to a sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod. A gas booster pump is connected to the high-pressure gas hose, and a gas check valve is installed near the outlet of the gas booster pump. The gas booster pump is located on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform. The water injection subsystem includes a high-pressure pulse pump located on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform. The inlet and outlet of the high-pressure pulse pump are connected to the wetting fluid storage tank and the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod respectively through a wetting fluid delivery hose. A liquid electromagnetic control valve is installed at the end of the wetting fluid delivery hose near the wetting fluid storage tank, and a liquid check valve is connected near the outlet of the high-pressure pulse pump.

[0012] The centralized electrical control system is used for unified and coordinated control of the tunneling machine body, the cutting tooth spray dust suppression system, the wetting agent addition system, the multi-functional borehole fracturing water injection rod replacement system, the drilling system, and the integrated borehole sealing fracturing water injection system.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the spray-type cutting tooth includes a spray outlet and an internal flow channel for wetting liquid. An electromagnet is connected inside the internal flow channel for wetting liquid, and the electromagnet is connected to a nozzle unblocking device corresponding to the spray outlet through a reset elastic element.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes an intelligent detection and control system uniformly coordinated and controlled by a centralized electronic control system, comprising:

[0015] The dust concentration monitor is installed near the driver's control position of the tunneling machine to detect the dust concentration in the working space around the tunneling machine in real time.

[0016] A flow sensor is installed in the wetting liquid flow channel inside the spray cutter to detect whether the spray flow rate is normal.

[0017] A torque sensor is installed between the drilling motor and the drill rod to monitor the output torque changes in real time during the drilling process in order to determine the drilling load status.

[0018] Pressure sensors are placed in the high-pressure gas channel of the fracturing subsystem and the wetting fluid channel of the water injection subsystem to detect the fracturing injection pressure and the water injection pulse pressure.

[0019] Position sensors are installed on the moving platform, drill pipe platform, and integrated sealing and fracturing water injection platform to detect the alignment status and movement position of each platform.

[0020] The intelligent control module is electrically connected to the dust concentration monitor, flow sensor, torque sensor, pressure sensor, position sensor, and corresponding actuators.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention: the drill rod is provided with a spiral slag discharge groove in the axial direction, the outer surface of one end of the drill rod is a slip clamping surface, a locking groove is provided on the slip clamping surface, the inner surface of the other end of the drill rod is provided with a locking pin assembly, and the drilling motor is provided with slips that clamp the slip clamping surface.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention: the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod has a dual-cavity structure, including a water channel central cavity located on the central axis of the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod and an air channel annular cavity located around the water channel central cavity. The outer periphery of the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod is provided with at least three outwardly protruding air jet sections. Each air jet section is provided with multiple sets of air jet nozzles arranged circumferentially and communicating with the air channel annular cavity. The air jet nozzles are arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The front end of the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod is connected to a guide cap. The guide cap is provided with a front end outlet communicating with the water channel central cavity and a circumferentially arranged water injection port.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention: the guide cap has a streamlined structure, and the front outlet is a trumpet-shaped or conical structure.

[0024] As a further aspect of the present invention: the wetting liquid storage tank includes a tank body, a drive motor is installed at the upper end of the tank body, the power output end of the drive motor is connected to a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft extends vertically downward from the upper end of the tank body into the interior of the tank body, and a stirring blade is connected to one end of the transmission shaft located inside the tank body.

[0025] As a further aspect of the present invention: the wetting agent in the wetting agent box is a nonionic and anionic surfactant system, the formulation of which includes: 10 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, 4 parts of cosolvent ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, 6 parts of humectant glycerin, and deionized water to make up to 100 parts.

[0026] As a further aspect of the present invention, the wetting agent formulation also includes 1 part of inorganic salt.

[0027] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned coal and rock mass cutting source dust reduction system, comprising the following steps:

[0028] First, start the centralized electrical control system to perform a self-test;

[0029] After the self-inspection is completed, the coal and rock mass in front of the working face is subjected to drilling, fracturing and water injection softening treatment.

[0030] After the softening treatment is completed, the drilling system is started to drill holes according to the preset number and location;

[0031] After drilling is completed, the centralized electrical control system controls the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform to seal the borehole;

[0032] After the borehole is sealed, the fracturing subsystem is activated to form multiple fracturing zones in the borehole depth direction, causing the coal and rock mass to develop fractures and reduce its overall strength.

[0033] After fracturing is completed, the water injection subsystem is activated to soften the coal seam structure;

[0034] Once the water volume reaches the preset level, the cutting tooth spray dust suppression system is activated to form a spray curtain covering the cutting area.

[0035] Finally, the tunneling machine drill bit, in conjunction with the synchronously operating cutting tooth spray dust suppression system, began normal cutting operations.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0037] 1) Achieve dust reduction at the source throughout the entire cutting process: Systematically integrate multiple individual devices such as cutting tooth spraying, drilling, sealing, fracturing, water injection, wetting agent addition, and intelligent monitoring and control to build an integrated dust reduction system of "cutting-drilling-sealing-fracturing-water injection-spraying" on the tunneling machine. Pre-wetting and pre-cracking can be carried out simultaneously before and after coal and rock mass crushing, effectively reducing the amount of dust generated and emitted.

[0038] 2) Stable and reliable spray with automatic unclogging function: The spray-type cutter is equipped with components such as flow sensor, electromagnet and nozzle unclogging device. When an abnormal decrease in spray flow is detected, it can automatically drive the unclogging device to reciprocate and clean the blockage at the nozzle in time, ensuring continuous and stable spray, and significantly improving the efficiency and reliability of spray dust suppression.

[0039] 3) Automatic adjustment of wetting agent concentration significantly improves dust wetting performance: Through the signal linkage between the dust concentration monitor and the electromagnetic metering pump, the amount of wetting agent added is calculated in real time based on the external water flow and dust concentration, and is mixed online in a static mixer to form a wetting liquid with a concentration that can be dynamically adjusted according to the dust load. Compared with the manual fixed-ratio preparation method, it significantly improves the utilization rate of wetting agent and the dust wetting effect, and reduces water consumption and reagent waste.

[0040] 4) Integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection for high operational efficiency: The integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod adopts a dual-chamber structure of air and water, and multiple air jet sections and front-end water outlets are arranged on the outer periphery of the rod. High-pressure gas fracturing and high-pressure water injection operations can be completed sequentially or in concert in the same hole, avoiding multiple drilling rod raising and lowering and tool changing, significantly shortening auxiliary operation time, improving tunneling efficiency, and enhancing the softening and decompression effect of coal and rock mass, thereby reducing dust generation from the source.

[0041] 5) Liquid nitrogen phase change temperature-controlled sealing significantly improves sealing reliability: By utilizing the phase change heat absorption of liquid nitrogen in the annular heat exchanger, the elastic sealing device undergoes radial contraction at low temperature and natural expansion after rewarming, realizing a controllable sealing process of "cold contraction - rewarming expansion". Compared with traditional mechanical expansion or single rubber sealing structures, the sealing fit is higher and leakage is less likely. It can maintain a stable seal under high pressure water injection and high pressure cracking conditions, thus improving safety.

[0042] 6) The multi-functional rod changing platform has a simple structure and enables rapid switching between drilling and integrated rods: Through the multi-functional drilling, fracturing and water injection rod changing system with guide rails, moving platform and grooves, both the drill rod platform and the integrated rod platform can be smoothly transferred and quickly connected and separated on the guide rails, avoiding traditional manual handling and complicated disassembly and assembly, significantly reducing labor intensity and centering difficulty, and improving the conversion efficiency between drilling-fracturing-water injection processes.

[0043] 7) Intelligent monitoring and centralized control make the system safer, more energy-efficient and more visualized: Through the intelligent control module, which inputs signals from multiple sources such as dust concentration monitors, flow sensors, and torque sensors, the system can achieve linkage control of wetting agent addition, spray flow and pressure, nozzle unclogging action and crack-inducing water injection process. It can automatically adjust the working status of each subsystem according to the on-site working conditions, ensuring that the dust concentration is within a safe range and avoiding excessive spraying and ineffective energy consumption, thus significantly improving the automation and intelligence level of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the tunneling machine of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting tooth spray dust suppression system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the spray-type cutting teeth of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6This is a partial schematic diagram of the drilling system of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swivel of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a partial schematic diagram of the integrated pore-induced fracturing and water injection system of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a partial schematic diagram of the wetting agent addition system of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multifunctional borehole fracturing water injection rod replacement system of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile platform of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe platform of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 13 This is a partial schematic diagram of the drill pipe tail end of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 14 This is a partial schematic diagram of the top of the drill pipe of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated sealing and crack-causing water injection rod of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 16 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the sealing and crack-causing water injection integrated rod of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view of the wetting fluid storage tank of the present invention.

[0061] In the diagram: 1. Tunneling machine body; 2. Cutting tooth spray dust suppression system; 3. Drilling system; 4. Fracture subsystem; 5. Multifunctional drilling, fracturing, water injection and rod replacement system; 6. Wetting agent addition system; 7. Water injection subsystem; 8. Hole sealing subsystem; 9. Hole sealing, fracturing and water injection integrated rod.

[0062] 11. Tunneling machine drill bit; 12. Guide rail; 13. Tunneling machine wheels; 14. Tunneling machine driver control position; 15. Dust concentration monitor.

[0063] 21. Solenoid valve; 22. Infusion tubing; 23. Wetting fluid inlet; 24. Spray-type cutting teeth; 25. Liquid booster pump.

[0064] 241. Spray outlet; 242. Nozzle unblocker; 243. Internal flow channel of wetting liquid; 244. Electromagnet; 245. Reset elastic element; 246. Flow sensor.

[0065] 31. Drill bit; 32. Drill rod; 33. Drilling motor;

[0066] 321. Slip clamping surface; 322. Locking groove; 323. Locking pin assembly; 324. Spiral slag discharge groove.

[0067] 331. Kawa;

[0068] 41. High-pressure gas storage tank; 42. Gas solenoid control valve; 43. High-pressure gas hose; 44. Gas booster pump; 45. Gas check valve.

[0069] 411. External gas interface;

[0070] 51. Drill pipe platform; 52. Drill pipe platform guide rail; 53. Integrated borehole sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod platform guide rail; 54. Integrated borehole sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod platform; 55. Mobile platform.

[0071] 511, circular raised groove; 551, circular recessed groove;

[0072] 61. Wetting agent storage tank; 62. External water inlet; 63. Electromagnetic metering pump; 64. Wetting agent delivery hose; 65. Wetting agent box; 66. Static mixer; 67. Mixture delivery hose.

[0073] 611. Housing; 612. Drive motor; 613. Drive shaft; 614. Agitator blades;

[0074] 71. Liquid solenoid control valve; 72. Wetting fluid delivery hose; 73. High-pressure pulse pump; 74. Liquid check valve.

[0075] 81. Liquid nitrogen storage tank; 82. Liquid nitrogen electromagnetic control valve; 83. Annular heat exchanger; 84. Flexible sealing device.

[0076] 91. Air passage annular cavity; 92. Water passage central cavity; 93. Guide cap; 94. Front water outlet; 95. Water inlet; 96. Air jet nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0077] The present invention will be further illustrated by the following embodiments (all descriptions below take the tunneling machine traveling along the tunnel direction as the front).

[0078] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a dust reduction system at the source of coal and rock mass interception includes:

[0079] The tunneling machine body 1 has a tunneling machine drill bit 11 installed at the front end and tunneling machine wheels 13 installed at the bottom. The tunneling machine wheels 13 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the lower part of the tunneling machine body 1. The upper side is provided with a tunneling machine driving control position 14, and the other side is provided with a guide rail 12. The guide rail 12 is used to provide guidance and support for the mobile platform 55 and each working platform.

[0080] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the cutting tooth spray dust suppression system 2 includes a liquid delivery hose 22 and several spray cutting teeth 24. The spray cutting teeth 24 are six per circle and spirally distributed on the tunneling machine drill bit 11, and are connected to the liquid delivery hose 22 through the wetting liquid injection port 23. The other end of the liquid delivery hose 22 is connected to the wetting agent addition system 6. A liquid booster pump 25 is installed on the liquid delivery hose 22 at the front end of the tunneling machine body 1. A solenoid valve 21 is provided at the end near the wetting agent addition system 6. The wetting liquid pressurized by the liquid booster pump 25 can be sprayed to better cover the cutting area.

[0081] Furthermore, the spray-type cutting tooth 24 includes a spray outlet 241 and a wetting liquid internal flow channel 243. An electromagnet 244 is connected inside the wetting liquid internal flow channel 243. The electromagnet 244 is connected to a nozzle clearing device 242 corresponding to the spray outlet 241 through a reset elastic element 245. The nozzle clearing device 242 is preferably a fork-shaped structure, which can better clean the spray outlet 241 under the action of the reset elastic element 245.

[0082] like Figure 9 As shown, the wetting agent addition system 6 includes a wetting agent box 65, an electromagnetic metering pump 63, and a wetting liquid storage tank 61 connected to the infusion hose 22. The wetting liquid storage tank 61 is connected to a static mixer 66 through a mixed liquid delivery hose 67. The static mixer 66 is provided with an external water interface 62. The suction end and discharge end of the electromagnetic metering pump 63 are connected to the wetting agent box 65 and the wetting agent inlet of the static mixer 66 through the wetting agent delivery hose 64, respectively.

[0083] like Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the multifunctional drilling fracturing water injection rod changing system 5 includes a drill rod platform guide rail 52 and a sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform guide rail 53. The drill rod platform guide rail 52 and the sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform guide rail 53 are vertically distributed on both sides of the rear end of the guide rail 12. A drill rod platform 51 is matchedly connected to the drill rod platform guide rail 52, and a sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform 54 is matchedly connected to the sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform guide rail 53. A moving platform 55 driven and controlled by a platform drive motor is matchedly installed on the guide rail 12. The moving platform 55 is provided with a circular groove 551. The drill rod platform 51 and the sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform 54 are respectively provided with circular protrusions 511 that match the circular groove 551.

[0084] The drill rod platform 51 and the integrated drilling and fracturing water injection rod platform 54 are respectively connected to the drill rod platform guide rail 52 and the integrated drilling and fracturing water injection rod platform guide rail 53 via their respective lower circular protrusions 511, allowing them to move laterally. When changing rods, if drilling operation is required using the drill rod 32, the drill rod platform 51 is moved along the drill rod platform guide rail 52, so that its lower circular protrusion 511 aligns and is fixed with the circular groove 551 on the moving platform 55. Then, the moving platform 55 moves the drilling system along the guide rail 12. 3. When drilling is completed and sealing and fracturing water injection is required, the moving platform 55 retracts, disengages from the drill rod platform 51, and then moves the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform 54 along the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform guide rail 53, so that its lower circular protrusion 511 aligns with the circular groove 551. The moving platform 55 drives the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 to move along the guide rail 12 to the borehole opening position, thereby realizing the rapid switching between the drill rod 32 and the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9.

[0085] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the drilling system 3 includes a drilling motor 33 mounted on a drill rod platform 51. The power output end of the drilling motor 33 is connected to a drill rod 32, and the other end of the drill rod 32 is connected to a drill bit 31.

[0086] Furthermore, the drill rod 32 is axially provided with a spiral slag discharge groove 324 for discharging coal and rock debris along the borehole direction during drilling. One end of the drill rod 32 has a slip clamping surface 321 on its outer surface, with a locking groove 322 on the slip clamping surface 321. The other end of the drill rod 32 has a locking pin assembly 323 on its inner surface, and the drilling motor 33 contains slips 331 that clamp the slip clamping surface 321. The locking pin assembly 323 includes a pin body, a spring, and a housing. The pin body can extend or retract radially under the action of the spring. When two drill rods 32 are connected, the locking pin assembly 323 of the latter drill rod 32 automatically engages with the locking groove 322 of the former drill rod 32 under the action of the spring force, achieving quick connection and reliable locking of the two drill rods 32. When disassembly is required, simply press the pin body to disengage it from the locking groove 322, achieving quick separation and significantly shortening the rod replacement time.

[0087] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the integrated system for sealing, fracturing, and water injection includes a sealing subsystem 8, a fracturing subsystem 4, a water injection subsystem 7, and an integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod 9; the integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod 9 is installed on the integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection rod platform 54.

[0088] Furthermore, such as Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 has a dual-cavity structure, including a water channel central cavity 92 located on the central axis of the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 and a gas channel annular cavity 91 located around the water channel central cavity 92. The sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 has at least three outwardly protruding jet sections arranged axially on its outer periphery. Each jet section is provided with multiple sets of jet nozzles 96 arranged circumferentially and communicating with the gas channel annular cavity 91. The jet nozzles 96 are arranged axially at intervals. The front end of the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 is connected to a guide cap 93. The guide cap 93 is provided with a front end outlet 94 communicating with the water channel central cavity 92 and a circumferentially arranged water injection port 95. The jet nozzles 96 on each gas jet section are connected to the gas channel annular cavity 91 and are used to spray high-pressure gas outward during operation to form a fracturing effect. The water channel central cavity 92 injects liquid into the target layer through the water injection port 95 and the front end outlet 94 to realize the combined operation of fracturing and water injection.

[0089] Preferably, each gas injection section is provided with three rings of jet nozzles 96, and each ring is evenly spaced 10 jet nozzles 96 along the axial direction; the jet nozzles 96 adopt a replaceable nozzle structure, including a nozzle seat and a nozzle head, so as to realize the rapid replacement of different orifice diameters and injection angles; the jet nozzles 96 of each gas injection section are evenly distributed along the circumference to form an all-round circumferential high-pressure impact to improve the uniformity of fracturing.

[0090] Furthermore, the guide cap 93 has a streamlined structure, and the front outlet 94 has a trumpet-shaped or conical structure to reduce propulsion resistance and improve the water injection flow field.

[0091] The sealing subsystem 8 includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank 81, an annular heat exchanger 83, and an elastic sealing device 84. The liquid nitrogen storage tank 81 is mounted on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform 54. The annular heat exchanger 83 and the elastic sealing device 84 are coaxially mounted on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9. One end of the annular heat exchanger 83 is connected to the liquid nitrogen storage tank 81 and is equipped with a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic control valve 82. After being controlled by the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic control valve 82, the liquid nitrogen enters the annular heat exchanger 83, which is sleeved outside the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9. In the annular heat exchanger 83, a phase change occurs and heat is absorbed, exchanging heat with the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 and the elastic sealing device 84.

[0092] Specifically, with the elastic sealing device 84 in its natural size or slightly pre-shrunken state, the sealing, cracking, and water injection integrated rod 9 is inserted into the borehole to accurately position the elastic sealing device 84 in the target sealing section. Then, the sealing subsystem 8 is activated, and liquid nitrogen enters the annular heat exchanger 83 from the liquid nitrogen storage tank 81 through the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic control valve 82. The liquid nitrogen rapidly vaporizes inside the annular heat exchanger 83, with a vaporization volume expansion ratio exceeding 600 times. The large amount of cold nitrogen gas generated by its expansion continuously enters the internal cavity of the elastic sealing device 84, causing the internal pressure of the elastic sealing device 84 to rise rapidly. Driven by the internal pressure, the elastic sealing device 84 undergoes radial expansion, and its outer wall is tightly pressed against the borehole wall to form a high-strength sealing area, which can effectively withstand the high pressure generated during cracking and water injection, achieving rapid and reliable sealing.

[0093] Active cooling and shrinkage steps: When it is necessary to release the seal or extract the seal-induced cracking water injection rod 9, the seal subsystem 8 is restarted, and liquid nitrogen is continuously introduced into the annular heat exchanger 83. The annular heat exchanger 83 and the elastic sealer 84 undergo forced heat exchange, which rapidly cools the rubber / elastic material of the elastic sealer 84. The elastic modulus of the material increases and low-temperature shrinkage occurs. The internal nitrogen pressure decreases due to the decrease in temperature, and the outer diameter of the elastic sealer 84 decreases accordingly. When the outer diameter of the elastic sealer 84 is smaller than the inner diameter of the borehole, the seal-induced cracking water injection rod 9 can be extracted without resistance, and the seal release process is successfully completed.

[0094] The fracturing subsystem 4 includes a high-pressure gas storage tank 41, which is mounted on the main body 1 of the tunneling machine. An external gas interface 411 is provided on the rear side of the high-pressure gas storage tank 41, and a high-pressure gas hose 43 equipped with a gas electromagnetic control valve 42 is connected to the front outlet. The other end of the high-pressure gas hose 43 is connected to the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9. A gas booster pump 44 is connected to the high-pressure gas hose 43. A gas check valve 45 is provided near the outlet of the gas booster pump 44. The gas booster pump 44 is mounted on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform 54. After the gas is boosted by the gas booster pump 44, it enters the gas inlet of the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 through the gas check valve 45 and the high-pressure gas hose 43 in sequence, and is finally sprayed into the coal and rock mass around the borehole through the jet nozzle 96 to produce a fracturing effect.

[0095] The water injection subsystem 7 includes a high-pressure pulse pump 73 mounted on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform 54. The inlet and outlet of the high-pressure pulse pump 73 are connected to the wetting fluid storage tank 61 and the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 via a wetting fluid delivery hose 72, respectively. A liquid electromagnetic control valve 71 is provided at one end of the wetting fluid delivery hose 72 near the wetting fluid storage tank 61, and a liquid one-way valve 74 is connected near the outlet of the high-pressure pulse pump 73. After being controlled by the liquid electromagnetic control valve 71, the wetting fluid enters the high-pressure pulse pump 73. The high-pressure pulse pump 73 pulses and pressurizes the wetting fluid. After passing through the liquid one-way valve 74, the fluid enters the water channel center cavity 92 of the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9, and then is injected into the target coal seam through the front outlet 94 and the injection port 95, thereby realizing high-pressure water injection and softening of the fractures and coal and rock mass.

[0096] The centralized electrical control system is used for unified and coordinated control of the tunneling machine body 1, the cutting tooth spray dust suppression system 2, the wetting agent addition system 6, the multi-functional drilling and fracturing water injection rod replacement system 5, the drilling system 3, and the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated system.

[0097] The centralized electrical control system includes a main controller, a power supply module, a drive execution module, a communication module, and a human-machine interface. The main controller interacts with the dust concentration monitor 15, flow sensor 246, torque sensor, pressure sensor, etc. through the communication module, and sends control commands to each solenoid valve, pump, and platform drive motor. The main controller has built-in operation mode processes, including "drilling mode," "sealing mode," "fracking mode," "water injection mode," and "cutting spray mode," which can automatically switch control strategies according to actual working conditions. The power module provides stable power to each subsystem. The drive execution module drives solenoid valves, pumps, platform drive motors, and nozzle unblocking mechanisms. The communication module uses a communication bus to communicate with various sensors, enabling command transmission and status feedback. The human-machine interface is located at the tunneling machine's driving control position 14, displaying real-time parameters such as dust concentration, spray pressure, drilling torque, fracturing and water injection pressure, and allowing for mode selection and parameter settings. The centralized electrical control system monitors, processes, and controls key parameters in real time, enabling streamlined and automated control of spray dust suppression, drilling, sealing, fracturing, and water injection operations. It also provides abnormal alarm and safety protection functions, including spray abnormality alarm, drilling overload protection, fracturing pressure over-limit protection, water injection pressure over-limit protection, and platform misalignment alarm, providing safety assurance and efficient operation support for the overall tunneling machine operation.

[0098] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent detection and control system that is centrally coordinated and controlled by a centralized electronic control system, including:

[0099] A dust concentration monitor 15 is installed near the driving control position 14 of the tunneling machine to detect the dust concentration in the working space around the tunneling machine in real time. The dust concentration monitor 15 is connected to the electromagnetic metering pump 63. The intelligent control module calculates the amount of wetting agent to be added in real time based on the dust concentration detection value and the external water flow rate, and controls the electromagnetic metering pump 63 to draw in the wetting agent according to the calculated ratio. The wetting agent and the external water are fully mixed in the static mixer 66 to form a wetting liquid of the target concentration. The mixed wetting liquid is transported to the wetting liquid storage tank 61 through the mixed liquid delivery hose 67 for storage, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the wetting liquid concentration with the change of dust concentration.

[0100] To ensure the uniformity of the wetting solution's composition during storage, further measures may be taken, such as... Figure 17 As shown, the wetting liquid storage tank 61 includes a tank body 611. A drive motor 612 is installed at the upper end of the tank body 611. The power output end of the drive motor 612 is connected to a transmission shaft 613. The transmission shaft 613 extends vertically downward from the upper end of the tank body 611 into the interior of the tank body 611. One end of the transmission shaft 613 located inside the tank body 611 is connected to a stirring blade 614 to continuously stir the wetting liquid in the tank body 611, preventing the wetting agent from settling or separating.

[0101] Furthermore, the wetting agent in the wetting agent box 65 is a nonionic and anionic surfactant system, the formulation of which includes: 10 parts fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, 4 parts cosolvent ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, 6 parts humectant glycerin, and deionized water to make up to 100 parts.

[0102] Furthermore, the wetting agent formulation also includes 1 part of inorganic salt.

[0103] A flow sensor 246, installed on the internal flow channel 243 of the wetting liquid inside the spray-type cutting tooth 24, is used to detect whether the spray flow rate is normal. When the flow sensor 246 detects that the spray flow rate is lower than a preset threshold, the intelligent detection and control system sends a power-off command to the electromagnet 244. After the electromagnet 244 is de-energized, the reset elastic element 245 drives the nozzle unblocking device 242 to move towards the spray outlet 241, mechanically scraping away the mud or solid particles adhering to the nozzle, thus achieving automatic nozzle unblocking. After the unblocking is completed, the electromagnet 244 is energized again, the nozzle unblocking device 242 resets, and the spray returns to normal, thereby ensuring continuous and stable spraying.

[0104] A torque sensor is installed between the drilling motor 33 and the drill rod 32 to monitor the output torque changes in real time during the drilling process in order to determine the drilling load status.

[0105] Pressure sensors are arranged in the high-pressure gas channel of the fracturing subsystem 4 and the wetting liquid channel of the water injection subsystem 7 to detect the fracturing injection pressure and the water injection pulse pressure.

[0106] Position sensors are installed on the mobile platform 55, the drill rod 32 platform, and the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 platform to detect the alignment status and movement position of each platform.

[0107] The intelligent control module is electrically connected to the dust concentration monitor 15, flow sensor 246, torque sensor, pressure sensor, position sensor, and corresponding actuators. It can comprehensively judge dust concentration, spray flow rate, drilling torque, fracturing pressure, water injection pressure, and platform position. The intelligent control module automatically adjusts the suction volume of the electromagnetic metering pump 63 and the spray liquid concentration according to the dust concentration; triggers the nozzle unblocking device 242 based on the signal from the flow sensor 246; automatically adjusts the output of the drilling motor 33 based on torque changes; automatically controls the opening and closing of the gas electromagnetic control valve 42 and the liquid electromagnetic control valve 71 based on the pressure signal; and controls the moving platform 55 to complete the rod changing action based on the platform position sensor signal, so that the entire system forms an intelligent closed-loop control with automatic monitoring, automatic adjustment, and automatic protection.

[0108] A method for using the coal and rock mass interception and dust reduction system described above includes the following steps:

[0109] First, the centralized electrical control system is started to perform a pre-start self-check on the entire tunneling machine and its various functional subsystems. The self-check includes: whether the external water source for the wetting agent addition system 6 is unobstructed; whether the electromagnetic metering pump 63 can properly draw in and discharge water; whether the liquid booster pump 25, solenoid valve 21, and nozzle flow sensor 246 of the spray cutting teeth dust suppression system 2 are functioning properly; whether the torque output of the drill rod 32 and drilling motor 33 in the drilling system 3 is normal; whether the liquid nitrogen tank 81, high-pressure gas tank 41, all electromagnetic control valves, and pressure check valves in the integrated borehole fracturing and water injection system are sealed; and whether the moving platform 55 and the left and right platform sliding mechanisms of the multi-functional borehole fracturing and water injection rod changing system 5 operate smoothly. After the self-check, the centralized electrical control system enters standby mode, preparing for subsequent procedures.

[0110] Before the tunneling machine drill bit 11 begins cutting the coal and rock mass, in order to improve the crushability of the coal and rock mass, reduce dust generation, and improve subsequent cutting efficiency, it is necessary to first perform drilling, fracturing, and water injection softening treatment on the coal and rock mass in front of the working face. To this end, the multi-functional drilling, fracturing, water injection, and rod-changing system 5 is activated through the centralized control system, controlling the moving platform 55 to move to the corresponding position on the drill rod platform 51 and completing the docking with the groove below the drill rod platform 51, thus switching the drilling system 3 onto the guide rail 12. Subsequently, the moving platform 55 drives the drill rod 32 and drill bit 31 forward, positioning them at the predetermined drilling position.

[0111] The drilling system 3 is started, and the drilling motor 33 drives the drill rod 32 to rotate. The drill rod platform 51 advances at a constant speed along the drilling direction under the drive of the propulsion mechanism, completing the drilling construction at the designed depth and angle. During the drilling process, the spiral slag discharge groove 324 on the outer periphery of the drill rod 32 continuously transports coal and rock debris out of the hole, ensuring unobstructed drilling. After all the preset number and positions of holes have been drilled, the drill rod platform 51 retracts, and the drilling system 3 separates from the moving platform 55.

[0112] Subsequently, the centralized electrical control system controls the lateral movement of the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform 54 to dock with the moving platform 55, which then sends the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod 9 into the borehole. The sealing subsystem 8 first opens the liquid nitrogen electromagnetic control valve 82, allowing liquid nitrogen to enter the annular heat exchanger 83, putting the elastic sealing device 84 into a low-temperature contraction state. After the integrated rod 9 reaches the predetermined sealing position, the liquid nitrogen flow rate is gradually reduced, causing the elastic sealing device 84 to naturally reheat and expand under the influence of ambient heat. Its outer diameter increases and it presses tightly against the borehole wall, forming a reliable sealing layer.

[0113] After the borehole is sealed, the fracturing subsystem 4 begins to operate. The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas storage tank 41 is pressurized by the gas electromagnetic control valve 42 and the gas booster pump 44, and then delivered to each jet nozzle 96 through the gas passage annular cavity 91 inside the integrated rod 9. The high-pressure gas flow is injected into the borehole wall in segments, forming multiple fracturing zones in the borehole depth direction, causing the coal and rock mass to develop fractures and reduce its overall strength.

[0114] After fracturing is completed, the water injection subsystem 7 is activated. The high-pressure pulse pump 73 pressurizes and delivers wetting fluid or clean water through the central water channel cavity 92 to the front outlet 94 and injection port 95, injecting it into the fractures formed by the fracturing process under pressure pulses. The high-pressure pulses allow the liquid to penetrate deeper into the coal and rock mass, effectively softening the coal structure, improving subsequent cutting efficiency, and significantly reducing dust generation.

[0115] Once the water injection volume reaches the set value, the sealing subsystem 8 can be restarted. The elastic sealing device 84 is contracted by liquid nitrogen cooling, and the integrated rod 9 can be smoothly pulled out, preparing for the tunneling machine to start cutting operations.

[0116] After completing the entire process of "drilling-sealing-fracture-water softening", the cutting tooth spray dust suppression system 2 can be started. The spray cutting tooth 24 continuously sprays wetting liquid when the tunneling machine drill bit 11 begins to cut the coal and rock mass, forming a spray curtain covering the cutting area, which wets, gathers and settles the cutting dust in situ, reducing the dust diffusion from the source.

[0117] Finally, after completing the pretreatment of the coal and rock mass ahead, the tunneling machine drill bit 11 begins normal cutting operations. In conjunction with the synchronously operating spray dust suppression system 2, it can significantly reduce dust concentration, improve tunneling efficiency, and improve the underground working environment.

Claims

1. A dust reduction system at the source of coal and rock mass cutting, characterized in that, include: The tunneling machine body (1) has a tunneling machine drill bit (11) installed at the front end, a tunneling machine wheel (13) installed at the bottom, a tunneling machine driving control position (14) on one side of the upper part, and a guide rail (12) on the other side. The cutting tooth spray dust suppression system (2) includes a liquid infusion hose (22) and several spray cutting teeth (24). The spray cutting teeth (24) are spirally distributed and installed on the tunneling machine drill bit (11), and are connected to the liquid infusion hose (22) through the wetting liquid injection port (23). The other end of the liquid infusion hose (22) is connected to the wetting agent addition system (6). A liquid booster pump (25) is installed on the liquid infusion hose (22) at the front end of the tunneling machine body (1), and a solenoid valve (21) is provided at the end near the wetting agent addition system (6). The wetting agent addition system (6) includes a wetting agent box (65), an electromagnetic metering pump (63), and a wetting liquid storage tank (61) connected to the infusion hose (22). The wetting liquid storage tank (61) is connected to the static mixer (66) through the mixed liquid delivery hose (67). The static mixer (66) is provided with an external water interface (62). The suction end and discharge end of the electromagnetic metering pump (63) are connected to the wetting agent box (65) and the wetting agent inlet of the static mixer (66) through the wetting agent delivery hose (64), respectively. The multi-functional drilling fracturing water injection rod changing system (5) includes a drill rod platform guide rail (52) and a sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform guide rail (53). The drill rod platform guide rail (52) and the sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform guide rail (53) are vertically distributed on both sides of the rear end of the guide rail (12). A drill rod platform (51) is matched and connected to the drill rod platform guide rail (52). A sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform (54) is matched and connected to the sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform guide rail (53). A moving platform (55) driven and controlled by a platform drive motor is matched and installed on the guide rail (12). A circular groove (551) is provided on the moving platform (55). A circular protrusion (511) matching the circular groove (551) is provided on the drill rod platform (51) and the sealing fracturing water injection integrated rod platform (54). The drilling system (3) includes a drilling motor (33) mounted on a drill rod platform (51), the power output end of the drilling motor (33) is connected to a drill rod (32), and the other end of the drill rod (32) is connected to a drill bit (31). The integrated sealing and fracturing water injection system includes a sealing subsystem (8), a fracturing subsystem (4), a water injection subsystem (7), and a sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod (9). The sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod (9) is installed on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform (54). The sealing subsystem (8) includes a liquid nitrogen storage tank (81), an annular heat exchanger (83), and an elastic sealing device (84). The liquid nitrogen storage tank (81) is located on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform (54). The annular heat exchanger (83) and the elastic sealing device (84) are coaxially mounted on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod (9). One end of the annular heat exchanger (83) is connected to the liquid nitrogen storage tank (81) and is equipped with a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic control valve (82). The fracturing subsystem (4) includes a high-pressure gas storage tank (41), which is mounted on the main body of the tunneling machine (1). The high-pressure gas storage tank (41) has an external gas interface (411) on the rear side and is connected to the front outlet. A high-pressure gas hose (43) equipped with a gas electromagnetic control valve (42) is provided. The other end of the high-pressure gas hose (43) is connected to the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod (9). A gas booster pump (44) is connected to the high-pressure gas hose (43). A gas check valve (45) is provided near the outlet of the gas booster pump (44) on the high-pressure gas hose (43). The gas booster pump (44) is located on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform (54). The water injection subsystem (7) includes a high-pressure pulse pump (73) located on the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod platform (54). The inlet and outlet of the high-pressure pulse pump (73) are connected to the wetting liquid storage tank (61) and the sealing and fracturing water injection integrated rod (9) respectively through the wetting liquid delivery hose (72). A liquid electromagnetic control valve (71) is provided at the end of the wetting liquid delivery hose (72) near the wetting liquid storage tank (61). A liquid check valve (74) is connected near the outlet of the high-pressure pulse pump (73). The centralized electrical control system is used to coordinate and control the main body of the tunneling machine (1), the cutting tooth spray dust suppression system (2), the wetting agent addition system (6), the multi-functional drilling fracturing water injection rod replacement system (5), the drilling system (3), and the sealing fracturing water injection integrated system.

2. The dust reduction system at the source of coal and rock mass cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray-type cutting tooth (24) includes a spray outlet (241) and a wetting liquid internal flow channel (243). An electromagnet (244) is connected inside the wetting liquid internal flow channel (243). The electromagnet (244) is connected to a nozzle clearer (242) corresponding to the spray outlet (241) through a reset elastic element (245).

3. The dust reduction system at the source of coal and rock mass cutting according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an intelligent detection and control system that is centrally coordinated and controlled by a centralized electronic control system, including: A dust concentration monitor (15) is installed near the driving control position (14) of the tunneling machine to detect the dust concentration in the working space around the tunneling machine in real time. A flow sensor (246) is installed on the internal flow channel (243) of the wetting liquid inside the spray cutter (24) to detect whether the spray flow rate is normal. A torque sensor is installed between the drilling motor (33) and the drill rod (32) to monitor the output torque changes in real time during the drilling process in order to determine the drilling load status. Pressure sensors are arranged in the high-pressure gas channel of the fracturing subsystem (4) and the wetting liquid channel of the water injection subsystem (7) to detect the fracturing injection pressure and the water injection pulse pressure. Position sensors are installed on the mobile platform (55), the drill rod platform (51), and the sealing, fracturing, and water injection integrated rod platform (54) to detect the alignment status and movement position of each platform. The intelligent control module is electrically connected to the dust concentration monitor (15), flow sensor (246), torque sensor, pressure sensor, position sensor and corresponding actuator.

4. The dust reduction system at the source of coal and rock mass cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill rod (32) is provided with a spiral slag discharge groove (324) in the axial direction. The outer surface of one end of the drill rod (32) is a slip clamping surface (321). A locking groove (322) is provided on the slip clamping surface (321). A locking pin assembly (323) is provided on the inner surface of the other end of the drill rod (32). A slip (331) for clamping the slip clamping surface (321) is provided in the drilling motor (33).

5. A coal and rock mass cutting source dust reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing and fracturing water injection rod (9) has a double-cavity structure, including a water channel central cavity (92) located on the central axis of the sealing and fracturing water injection rod (9) and an air channel annular cavity (91) located on the periphery of the water channel central cavity (92). The sealing and fracturing water injection rod (9) has at least three outwardly protruding air jet sections on its outer periphery. Each air jet section is provided with multiple sets of air jet nozzles (96) arranged circumferentially and communicating with the air channel annular cavity (91). The air jet nozzles (96) are arranged axially at intervals. The front end of the sealing and fracturing water injection rod (9) is connected to a guide cap (93). The guide cap (93) is provided with a front end outlet (94) communicating with the water channel central cavity (92) and a circumferentially arranged water injection port (95).

6. A coal and rock mass cutting source dust reduction system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide cap (93) has a streamlined structure, and the front outlet (94) has a trumpet-shaped or conical structure.

7. A coal and rock mass cutting source dust reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wetting liquid storage tank (61) includes a tank body (611), a drive motor (612) is installed at the upper end of the tank body (611), the power output end of the drive motor (612) is connected to a transmission shaft (613), the transmission shaft (613) extends vertically downward from the upper end of the tank body (611) into the interior of the tank body (611), and one end of the transmission shaft (613) located inside the tank body (611) is connected to a stirring blade (614).

8. A coal and rock mass cutting source dust reduction system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The wetting agent in the wetting agent box (65) is a nonionic and anionic surfactant system. Its formula includes: 10 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5 parts of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, 4 parts of cosolvent ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, 6 parts of humectant glycerin, and deionized water to make up to 100 parts.

9. A coal and rock mass cutting source dust reduction system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wetting agent formulation also includes 1 part of inorganic salt.

10. A method of using the coal and rock mass cutting source dust reduction system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: First, start the centralized electrical control system to perform a self-test; After the self-inspection is completed, the coal and rock mass in front of the working face is subjected to drilling, fracturing and water injection softening treatment. After the softening process is completed, start the drilling system (3) to drill holes according to the preset number and location; After drilling is completed, the centralized electrical control system controls the integrated sealing, fracturing, and water injection system to seal the borehole. After the hole is sealed, the fracturing subsystem (4) is activated to form multiple fracturing zones in the hole depth direction, causing the coal and rock mass to expand cracks and reduce its overall strength; After fracturing is completed, the water injection subsystem (7) is started to soften the coal body structure; After the water volume reaches the preset level, the cutting tooth spray dust suppression system (2) is activated to form a spray curtain covering the cutting area; Finally, the tunneling machine drill bit (11) and the synchronously operating cutting tooth spray dust suppression system (2) begin normal cutting operations.

Images