Observing and sampling device for tree crown diseases and insect pests

Abstract

The invention discloses a tree crown disease and insect pest observing and sampling device which is characterized in that an extendable extension rod, a sampling assembly arranged at the top of the extension rod and a stable pull rod arranged on a supporting base are arranged on the supporting base, and the sampling assembly comprises a lifting mechanism, a translation mechanism, a rotating base, a mechanical adjusting arm, a sampling suction pipe, a negative pressure collecting box and a recognition camera; the lifting mechanism is provided with the top of the extension rod, the translation mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism, the rotating base is arranged at the front end of the translation mechanism, the mechanical adjusting arms are symmetrically arranged on the rotating base, the sampling suction pipe is arranged on the mechanical adjusting arms, and the negative pressure collecting box is connected with the sampling suction pipe and arranged behind the sampling suction pipe. The recognition camera is arranged on the side, close to the sampling suction pipe, of the mechanical adjusting arm, through cooperation of the recognition camera, the negative pressure collecting box, the lifting mechanism, the translation mechanism, the mechanical adjusting arm and the sampling suction pipe, the automatic sampling process of image recognition, distance adjustment, posture adjustment and negative pressure collection is constructed, and the automation degree and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a sampling device for observing tree canopy diseases and pests. Background Technology

[0002] Pests and diseases are difficult-to-control agricultural disasters that often have adverse effects on plantations (such as orchards and plantations). Effective pest and disease inspection devices should be used to prevent and address these disasters in advance. Currently, pest and disease identification in plantations mostly relies on manual inspection and machine-assisted inspection. Manual inspection is costly, and because different plant species have different canopy heights, commonly used auxiliary inspection tools require manual adjustment to fit the canopy height, making operation cumbersome and inefficient.

[0003] The existing publication number CN222142484U discloses a plantation inspection device, including: an unmanned vehicle; a lifting mechanism, including a support frame, a lifting frame, and an electric drive component and a transmission mechanism mounted on the support frame, the support frame being mounted on the unmanned vehicle, the electric drive component being connected to the lifting frame via the transmission mechanism, and the electric drive component being used to drive the lifting frame to rise and fall; a camera mechanism, including a camera, the camera being connected to the lifting frame; the transmission mechanism including a first pulley, a winding shaft, and a rope, the first pulley being mounted on the support frame, the rope being wound around the first pulley and the winding shaft, the rope being connected to the lifting frame, the electric drive component being connected to the winding shaft and used to drive the winding shaft to rotate. The transmission mechanism also includes a second pulley, the second pulley being mounted on the lifting frame, one end of the rope being wound around the winding shaft, the other end of the rope being fixedly connected to the support frame, and the rope being wound around the first pulley and the second pulley.

[0004] However, existing plantation inspection devices rely on multiple telescopic sections or rope winding for height adjustment. The adjustment unit is limited by the length of the telescopic section or the amount of rope wound at one time, resulting in a "step-like" wide-range adjustment. When the actual height of the tree crown is between two adjustment levels—for example, if two telescopic sections, when joined, exceed the crown height, or if one is missing, the height is below the target inspection height—precise compensation adjustment over small distances cannot be achieved. Furthermore, existing plantation inspection devices lack pest sampling equipment, allowing only inspection without sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device, which solves the problems of existing technologies that cannot perform precise compensation adjustment at small distances, posture adjustment, and pest sampling.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device, including a support base, an extendable extension rod, a sampling component located at the top of the extension rod, and a stabilizing pull rod located on the support base, the sampling component including a lifting mechanism, a translation mechanism, a rotating base, a mechanical adjustment arm, a sampling pipette, a negative pressure collection box, and a distinguishing camera; The lifting mechanism is located at the top of the extension rod, the translation mechanism is located on the lifting mechanism, the rotating base is located at the front end of the translation mechanism, the mechanical adjustment arm is symmetrically located on the rotating base, the sampling pipette is located on the mechanical adjustment arm, the negative pressure collection box is connected to the sampling pipette and located behind the sampling pipette, and the identification camera is located on the side of the mechanical adjustment arm near the sampling pipette.

[0007] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a rectangular bracket, a limiting guide rod, a lifting support plate, and a lifting driver; The rectangular bracket is detachably mounted on the extension rod. The limiting guide rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular bracket and along the length of the rectangular bracket. The two ends of the lifting support plate are slidably connected to the limiting guide rods. The lifting driver is located below the lifting support plate. The lifting driver includes a lifting drive motor and a lifting screw. The lifting drive motor is located at the bottom center of the rectangular bracket. The lifting screw is connected to the lifting drive motor and to the bottom of the lifting support plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the translation mechanism includes a translation drive base, a translation drive gear, a translation support plate, and a gear motor; The translation drive base is disposed on the lifting support plate. The translation drive base has a translation guide groove. The translation drive gear is disposed in the translation drive base and extends into the translation guide groove. The translation support plate is slidably disposed in the translation guide groove. The bottom surface of the translation support plate is provided with a drive tooth groove, which meshes with the translation drive gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating base includes a rotating motor, a rotating support plate, and a mounting support column; The rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the front end of the translation support plate, the rotary support plate is mounted on the drive shaft of the rotary motor, and the mounting support column is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotary support plate away from the rotary motor.

[0010] Furthermore, the mechanical adjusting arm includes an adjusting cylinder, a fixed support rod, and a movable support rod; The adjusting cylinder is detachably mounted on the mounting support column, the fixed support rod is detachably mounted on the mounting support column, the movable support rod is hinged to the front end of the fixed support rod, and the drive shaft of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the movable support rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the sampling pipette extends along the fixed support rod to the movable support rod, and the sampling pipette is provided with multiple sampling tips on the portion of the movable support rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the negative pressure collection box includes an isolation box and a negative pressure air pump. The isolation box is detached from the fixed support rod and connected to the sampling pipette. The isolation box has a collection chamber, and the sampling pipette communicates with the collection chamber. The negative pressure air pump is fixedly mounted on the isolation box and communicates with the collection box.

[0013] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned extension rods is provided with a rack, a mating interface, and a mating joint; The rack is located on one or both sides of the extension rod. The height of the rack does not exceed the outer circumference of the extension column. The mating interface is located at the bottom of the extension rod, and the mating connector is located at the top of the extension rod. Both the mating interface and the mating connector are hexagonal prisms. Multiple extension rods are connected by inserting the mating connector into the mating interface.

[0014] Furthermore, the support base is provided with an extension auxiliary component, which includes an extension drive base, an extension drive gear, and an extension drive motor; The extension drive base has a docking channel, and a gear mounting cavity is provided on one side of the docking channel. The extension gear is located in the gear mounting cavity and extends into the docking channel. Multiple extension rods are docked through the docking channel. The rack is aligned with the extension drive gear. The extension drive motor is fixedly mounted on the extension drive base.

[0015] Furthermore, the stabilizing tie rod includes a tie rod main beam and a trunk locking ring. The tie rod main beam is fixedly connected to the support base or fixedly connected to the extension drive base and extends along the vertical direction of the extension rod. The trunk locking ring is detachably connected to the front end of the tie rod main beam.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention constructs an automated sampling process of "image recognition - spacing adjustment - posture adjustment - negative pressure collection" by recognizing the collaboration of a camera, a negative pressure collection box, a lifting mechanism, a translation mechanism, a mechanical adjustment arm, and a sampling pipette, thereby improving the degree of automation and efficiency. The identification camera can capture clear images of the tree canopy area in real time, accurately locating the specific positions of pests and diseases, providing a reliable visual basis for subsequent adjustment actions, and avoiding the subjectivity and errors of manual observation. Based on this image information, the electric control lifting mechanism and translation mechanism can work together to precisely adjust the distance between the sampling tube and the pests and diseases, ensuring that the sampling tube is within the optimal sampling distance range, solving the problem of human adjustment error, and reducing the problems of missed or incorrect sampling caused by improper manual operation. At the same time, guided by the image information, the mechanical adjustment arm can precisely adjust the tilt angle and overall posture of the sampling tube, ensuring that the sampling tube is accurately aligned with the target pests and diseases and adapts to the natural growth state of the leaves, achieving precise posture adaptation without manual intervention. Finally, the negative pressure collection box and the sampling tube are connected and generate a stable negative pressure suction, which can efficiently suck the target pests and diseases into the negative pressure collection box with minimal or no contact with the leaves, completing the sampling operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support base and extension rod of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the translation support plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extended drive base and gear mounting cavity of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the extension rod of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Support base; 2. Extension rod; 21. Rack; 22. Connector; 23. Interface; 3. Sampling assembly; 31. Sampling pipette; 311. Sampling tip; 32. Negative pressure collection box; 321. Isolation box; 322. Negative pressure air pump; 4. Stabilizing tie rod; 41. Tie rod main beam; 42. Trunk locking ring; 5. Lifting mechanism; 51. Rectangular bracket; 52. Limiting guide rod; 53. Lifting support plate; 54. Lifting driver; 541. Lifting drive motor; 542. Lifting screw; 6. Translation mechanism; 61. Translation drive base 611. Translation guide groove; 62. Translation drive gear; 63. Translation support plate; 631. Drive gear groove; 64. Translation gear motor; 7. Rotating base; 71. Rotary motor; 72. Rotating support plate; 73. Mounting support column; 8. Mechanical adjusting arm; 81. Adjusting cylinder; 82. Fixed support rod; 83. Movable support rod; 9. Identification camera; 10. Extension auxiliary component; 101. Extension drive base; 102. Extension drive gear; 103. Extension drive motor; 104. Gear mounting cavity; 105. Docking channel. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments may be combined or substituted with each other according to the actual situation, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present invention provides a tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device, including multiple splicable extension rods 2, a sampling component 3 and a stabilizing rod 4 fixedly mounted on the extension rods 2. The sampling component 3 is installed on the topmost extension rod 2. One end of the stabilizing rod 4 is connected to the support base 1 and the other end is connected to the tree trunk. It provides support to the support base 1 through lateral tension, making the support base 1 more stable and preventing the support base 1 from tipping over due to the excessive height of the multiple extension rods 2. The cooperation between the support base 1 and the extendable extension rods 2 greatly expands the applicable height range of the device. Existing technologies mostly use integrated telescopic poles with a fixed maximum extension length, making it difficult to adapt to different tree canopies with large height differences. The extension poles 2 of this invention can be flexibly increased or decreased in number by docking and stacking, and adjusted according to the actual height of the tree canopy to be sampled, solving the problem of limited height adjustment of traditional integrated telescopic poles. At the same time, the stabilizing tie rods 4 on the support base 1 are fixed to the tree trunk, which can enhance the overall support stability of the device after the extension poles 2 are stacked, avoid swaying caused by the lengthening of the poles, ensure the structural stability and sampling accuracy when sampling at high altitudes, and provide a reliable structural foundation for sampling tree canopies of different heights.

[0022] The sampling assembly 3 includes a lifting mechanism 5, a translation mechanism 6, a rotating base 7, a mechanical adjustment arm 8, a sampling pipette 31, a negative pressure collection box 32, and a detection camera 9. The lifting mechanism 5 is fixed to the extension rod 2 by bolts. This extension rod 2 is the topmost extension rod 2. The lifting direction of the lifting mechanism 5 is along the axial direction of the extension rod 2. The translation mechanism 6 is installed in the middle of the lifting mechanism 5. The rotating base 7 is located at the front end of the translation mechanism 6. The mechanical adjustment arms 8 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the rotating base 7. The sampling pipette 31 is located on the mechanical adjustment arm 8. The mechanical adjustment arm 8 is used to adjust the tilt posture of the sampling pipette 31 so that the sampling pipette 31 can be perpendicular to the tree crown, parallel to the tree crown, or tilted tangentially to the tree crown. The negative pressure collection box 32 is connected to the sampling pipette 31 and is located in the... Behind the sampling pipette 31, the identification camera is located on the side of the mechanical adjustment arm 8 near the sampling pipette 31. The identification camera is a recognition camera with a rotating pan-tilt head that can rotate 280°. At the same time, the identification camera is connected to the ground control panel via network transmission. The operator on the ground can observe the image captured by the identification camera on the control panel. The lifting mechanism 5 can drive the translation mechanism 6, the rotating base 7 and the sampling pipette 31 to move in the vertical direction. The translation mechanism 6 can drive the front sampling-related components to move in the longitudinal direction. Through the bidirectional coordinated adjustment of vertical and longitudinal directions, the distance and relative position of the sampling pipette 31 to the tree canopy can be controlled to ensure that its spatial position can be flexibly adjusted according to the location of the target pests and diseases, avoiding the problem of the difficulty of adjusting the spacing of traditional devices by manual adjustment. The rotating base 7 and the mechanical adjustment arm 8 work together to flexibly adapt the angle and tilt posture of the sampling pipette 31, improving sampling convenience and accuracy. In existing technologies, the angle adjustment of the sampling structure is singular or requires manual adjustment, making it difficult to adapt to the different tilt postures of leaves caused by gravity. This results in the sampling pipette 31 being difficult to maintain an appropriate angle with the leaves, easily missing pests or damaging the leaves. In this invention, the rotating base 7 can drive the mechanical adjustment arm 8 and the sampling pipette 31 to rotate around a specific axis, achieving horizontal angle adjustment. The mechanical adjustment arm 8 can further adjust the tilt angle and overall posture of the sampling pipette 31, making it precisely fit the natural tilt state of the leaves. Adaptation can be achieved without manual intervention, simplifying the operation process, reducing manual difficulty, and ensuring that the sampling pipette 31 maintains the optimal angle with the target pests or diseases, avoiding damage to the tree canopy and improving the sampling success rate.

[0023] To address the issue that adding one more extension rod 2 would cause the tree to extend too far beyond the canopy, while adding one less would make it too short, this invention incorporates a lifting mechanism 5 on the topmost extension rod 2 for small-distance adjustment. The lifting mechanism 5 includes a rectangular bracket 51, limiting guide rods 52, a lifting support plate 53, and a lifting driver 54. The rectangular bracket 51 is installed along the axis of the extension rod 2, allowing for small-distance adjustment. Two limiting guide rods 52 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the rectangular bracket 51, and the extension rod 2 is installed along the length of the rectangular bracket 51. The lifting support plate 53 is a rectangular flat plate, installed parallel to the two end faces of the rectangular bracket 51. The lifting support plate 53 is installed inside the matrix bracket. At the same time, the two ends of the lifting support plate 53 are slidably connected to the two limiting guide rods 52 through sleeves, so that it can slide up and down in the length direction of the rectangular bracket 51. The stability of the lifting is ensured by fixing the limiting guide rails. The lifting driver 54 includes a lifting drive motor 541 and a lifting screw 542. A sleeve connected to the extension rod 2 is provided at the bottom of the rectangular bracket 51. The sleeve is provided with a motor mounting cavity and a screw moving cavity. The lifting driver 54 is located between the sleeve and the base of the rectangular bracket 51. The lifting driver 54 and the upgraded screw are existing mature products of reciprocating screws, which are used to support the lifting support plate 53 to rise and fall along the length direction of the rectangular bracket 51. The translation mechanism 6 includes a translation drive base 61, a translation drive gear 62, a translation support plate 63, and a gear motor 64. The translation base is a rectangular body and is installed on the lifting support plate 53. A rectangular through translation guide groove 611 is provided at the top of the lifting support plate 53. A gear mounting cavity 104 is provided below the translation guide groove 611. The translation drive gear 62 is installed in the gear mounting cavity 104 and part of the gear is located in the translation guide groove 611. The translation support plate 63 is a rectangular plate with the same cross-sectional size as the translation guide groove 611. The translation support plate 63 is inserted into the translation guide groove 611. A drive tooth groove 631 is provided below the translation support plate 63. The translation drive gear 62 meshes with the tooth groove. The working principle is that the translation drive gear 62 is driven to rotate by the gear motor 64 to push the translation support plate 63 to translate in the translation guide groove 611. In summary, the lifting mechanism 5 can drive the translation mechanism 6, the rotating base 7, and the sampling pipette 31 to move vertically. The translation mechanism 6 can drive the front sampling-related components to move longitudinally. Through bidirectional coordinated adjustment of vertical and longitudinal directions, the distance and relative position of the sampling pipette 31 to the tree canopy can be controlled, ensuring that its spatial position can be flexibly adjusted according to the location of the target pests and diseases, avoiding the problem of difficulty in adjusting the spacing of traditional devices by manual adjustment.

[0024] The leaves in the tree canopy will tilt and droop due to gravity. In order to enable the sampling pipette 31 to better pick up the pests attached to the leaves, a rotating base 7 and a mechanical adjustment arm 8 are set at the front end of the translation support plate 63. The sampling pipette 31 for sampling pests is installed on the mechanical adjustment arm 8. The rotating base 7 includes a rotating motor 71, a rotating support plate 72 and a mounting support column 73. The rotating base 7 includes a rotating motor 71, a rotating support plate 72, and a mounting support column 73. As the basic component for horizontal angle adjustment, the rotating base 7 transmits power through the fixed connection between the rotating motor 71, the rotating support plate 72, and the mounting support column 73. The rotating motor 71 is fixedly mounted at the front end of the translation support plate 63, and its output shaft is rigidly connected to the rotating support plate 72. When the rotating motor 71 starts, the drive shaft drives the rotating support plate 72 to rotate around its own axis. Since the mounting support column 73 is fixed to the side of the rotating support plate 72 away from the rotating motor 71, the rotation of the rotating support plate 72 synchronously drives the mounting support column 73 and the mechanical adjustment arm 8 and sampling pipette 31 mounted on it to rotate together, ultimately achieving horizontal angle adjustment of the sampling pipette 31 (such as 360° rotation or specific angle positioning), which can cover sampling areas at different horizontal positions of the tree canopy. The mechanical adjusting arm 8 includes an adjusting cylinder 81, a fixed support rod 82, and a movable support rod 83. As the core component for tilt attitude adjustment, the mechanical adjusting arm 8 achieves attitude control through the hinged and detachable assembly relationship between the adjusting cylinder 81, the fixed support rod 82, and the movable support rod 83. Both the adjusting cylinder 81 and the fixed support rod 82 are detachably mounted on the mounting support column 73, ensuring assembly stability while providing flexibility for future maintenance. One end of the movable support rod 83 is hinged to the front end of the fixed support rod 82 (forming a rotatable fulcrum), and the other end is hinged to the drive shaft of the adjusting cylinder 81. When the adjusting cylinder... When the drive shaft of cylinder 81 extends or retracts, it generates a pushing or pulling force on the movable support rod 83 along the axis of the drive shaft, causing the movable support rod 83 to rotate around its hinge point with the fixed support rod 82, thereby changing the tilt angle of the movable support rod 83. At the same time, the fixed support rod 82 provides support and guidance for the sampling pipette 31 along its length. The sampling pipette 31 extends along the fixed support rod 82 to the movable support rod 83 and moves synchronously with it. Therefore, the change in the tilt angle of the movable support rod 83 will directly drive the overall tilt posture adjustment of the sampling pipette 31, ensuring that the sampling pipette 31 is adapted to the natural posture of the blade. The sampling pipette 31 extends along the fixed support rod 82 to the movable support rod 83. The sampling pipette 31 is provided with multiple sampling nozzles 311 on the movable support rod 83. The sampling pipette 31 achieves the sampling function in conjunction with the preceding components through "extended arrangement + multi-nozzle design". The sampling pipette 31 extends along the length of the fixed support rod 82 to the movable support rod 83, forming a continuous sampling channel from the fixed end to the movable end. Multiple sampling nozzles 311 are provided on the movable support rod 83. These nozzles are aligned synchronously with the target pest and disease area as the movable support rod 83 adjusts its posture. When the negative pressure collection box 32 is activated, multiple nozzles can simultaneously form a negative pressure suction channel to achieve synchronous sampling at multiple points or targeted sampling. In summary, the horizontal angle adjustment function of the rotating base 7 in this invention solves the problem that traditional sampling devices require moving the support base 1 to change the horizontal sampling orientation. Driven by the rotating motor 71, the sampling pipette 31 can cover different horizontal areas of the tree canopy without frequent adjustments to the overall height and distance from the canopy, reducing operational complexity and avoiding positioning deviations caused by moving the base, effectively expanding the sampling radius. The tilt adjustment function of the mechanical adjustment arm 8 specifically addresses the adaptation problem of different tilt states formed by the natural weight of leaves. By adjusting the cylinder 81 to drive the movable support rod 83 to rotate, the tilt angle of the sampling pipette 31 can be precisely controlled. The sampling pipette 31 can be simultaneously adjusted to the corresponding angle, ensuring that the sampling pipette 31 maintains the optimal relative position with the leaves, avoiding the problem of "the sampling nozzle 311 not being able to align with pests and diseases" due to mismatched postures. The sampling pipette 31 enables multi-point sampling after a single posture adjustment, allowing sampling of multiple pest and disease points in the same area without repeated posture adjustments, significantly improving the coverage and efficiency of a single sampling.

[0025] To facilitate pest sampling, a negative pressure sampling method is adopted. The negative pressure collection box 32 includes an isolation box 321 and a negative pressure air pump 322. The isolation box 321 is detachably mounted on the fixed support rod 82 and connected to the sampling pipette 31. The isolation box 321 has a collection chamber, and the sampling pipette 31 communicates with the collection chamber. The negative pressure air pump 322 is fixedly mounted on the isolation box 321 and communicates with the collection box. The negative pressure collection box 32 is composed of the isolation box 321 and the negative pressure air pump 322. Its operating principle is as follows: the isolation box 321 is detachably mounted on the fixed support rod 82, and the internal collection chamber is connected to the sampling pipette 31. The negative pressure air pump 322 is fixed to the isolation box 321 and connected to the collection chamber. During sampling, the negative pressure air pump 322 is activated to draw out the air in the collection chamber to form a negative pressure. This negative pressure is transmitted to the sampling nozzle 311 through the sampling pipette 31 to generate an airflow that draws the targeted pest into the pipette and into the collection chamber. After sampling, the air pump stops, and the pest remains in the collection chamber, completing the sampling process. Its core functions are: first, to provide stable negative pressure power, replacing traditional manual picking and sweeping, and efficiently obtaining pests and diseases on the leaf surface and in the gaps; second, to achieve isolated storage of pests and diseases through the collection chamber, preventing pests from escaping and ensuring the integrity and purity of the sample to meet the needs of subsequent identification and analysis.

[0026] To facilitate the splicing of the extension rod 2, the present invention provides an extension auxiliary component 10 on the support base 1. The extension auxiliary component 10 includes an extension drive base 101, an extension drive gear 102, and an extension drive motor 103. The extension drive base 101 has a docking channel 105, and a gear mounting cavity 104 is provided on one side of the docking channel 105. The extension gear is located in the gear mounting cavity 104 and extends into the docking channel 105. Multiple extension rods 2 are docked through the docking channel 105. The rack 21 is aligned with the extension drive gear 102. The extension drive motor 103 is fixedly mounted on the extension drive base 101. The support base 1 has a mounting hole for fixing the extension rods 2. The extension drive base 101 of the extension auxiliary component 10 has a docking channel 105 aligned with the mounting hole. The two form a precise guide path for the insertion and splicing of the extension rods 2. At the same time, the gear mounting cavity 104 on one side of the docking channel 105 houses the extension drive gear 102, and the extension drive gear 102 extends into the docking channel 105, providing a structural basis for subsequent meshing with the rack 21 of the extension rods 2. When splicing extension rods 2, first insert a single extension rod 2 into the docking channel 105 of the extension drive base 101, then start the extension drive motor 103. The motor outputs power to drive the extension drive gear 102 to rotate. Since the rack 21 is meshed with the extension drive gear 102, the gear rotation will be converted into upward force of the extension rod 2 along the axial direction of the docking channel 105, pushing the extension rod 2 to rise continuously and pass through the mounting hole of the support base 1 to reach the top of the support base 1. After the first extension rod 2 is installed, align the hexagonal prism-shaped mating interface 23 at the bottom of the second extension rod 2 with the first extension rod. The connector 22 of the long rod 2 is inserted, and the anti-rotation characteristics of the hexagonal columnar structure are used to achieve precise positioning and fixed splicing of the two extension rods 2. At the same time, during the insertion process, it is necessary to ensure that the rack 21 on one or both sides of the extension rod 2 is aligned with the extension drive gear 102 in the docking channel 105. During this process, since the height of the rack 21 does not exceed the outer circumference of the extension rod 2, interference between the rack 21 and the inner wall of the docking channel 105 can be avoided when inserting, ensuring smooth insertion. If it is necessary to further increase the height, the above "motor-driven lifting - hexagonal docking splicing" process can be repeated until the extension rod 2 reaches the target height.

[0027] To further improve the support stability of the support base 1, a stabilizing tie rod 4 is connected to the support base 1 or the extension drive base 101. The stabilizing tie rod 4 includes a tie rod main beam 41 and a trunk locking ring 42. The tie rod main beam 41 is fixedly connected to the support base 1 or to the extension drive base 101 and extends along the vertical direction of the extension rod 2. The trunk locking ring 42 is detachably connected to the front end of the tie rod main beam 41. The trunk locking ring 42 is locked to the trunk. Through the tension of the tie rod main beam 41, lateral stability support is provided for the extension rod 2 and the entire device, preventing the extension rod 2 from swaying due to the increase in height.

[0028] In addition to the preferred embodiments described above, the present invention has other embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device, comprising a support base, characterized in that, The support base is provided with an extendable extension rod, a sampling component located at the top of the extension rod, and a stabilizing pull rod located on the support base. The sampling component includes a lifting mechanism, a translation mechanism, a rotating base, a mechanical adjustment arm, a sampling pipette, a negative pressure collection box, and a distinguishing camera. The lifting mechanism is located at the top of the extension rod, the translation mechanism is located on the lifting mechanism, the rotating base is located at the front end of the translation mechanism, the mechanical adjustment arm is symmetrically located on the rotating base, the sampling pipette is located on the mechanical adjustment arm, the negative pressure collection box is connected to the sampling pipette and located behind the sampling pipette, and the identification camera is located on the side of the mechanical adjustment arm near the sampling pipette.

2. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes a rectangular bracket, a limiting guide rod, a lifting support plate, and a lifting driver; The rectangular bracket is detachably mounted on the extension rod. The limiting guide rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rectangular bracket and along the length of the rectangular bracket. The two ends of the lifting support plate are slidably connected to the limiting guide rods. The lifting driver is located below the lifting support plate. The lifting driver includes a lifting drive motor and a lifting screw. The lifting drive motor is located at the bottom center of the rectangular bracket. The lifting screw is connected to the lifting drive motor and to the bottom of the lifting support plate.

3. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The translation mechanism includes a translation drive base, a translation drive gear, a translation support plate, and a gear motor; The translation drive base is disposed on the lifting support plate. The translation drive base has a translation guide groove. The translation drive gear is disposed in the translation drive base and extends into the translation guide groove. The translation support plate is slidably disposed in the translation guide groove. The bottom surface of the translation support plate is provided with a drive tooth groove, which meshes with the translation drive gear.

4. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating base includes a rotating motor, a rotating support plate, and a mounting support column; The rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the front end of the translation support plate, the rotary support plate is mounted on the drive shaft of the rotary motor, and the mounting support column is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotary support plate away from the rotary motor.

5. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mechanical adjusting arm includes an adjusting cylinder, a fixed support rod, and a movable support rod; The adjusting cylinder is detachably mounted on the mounting support column, the fixed support rod is detachably mounted on the mounting support column, the movable support rod is hinged to the front end of the fixed support rod, and the drive shaft of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to the movable support rod.

6. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sampling pipette extends along the fixed support rod to the movable support rod, and the sampling pipette is provided with multiple sampling tips on the portion of the movable support rod.

7. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The negative pressure collection box includes an isolation box and a negative pressure air pump. The isolation box is detached from the fixed support rod and connected to the sampling pipette. The isolation box has a collection chamber, and the sampling pipette is connected to the collection chamber. The negative pressure air pump is fixedly mounted on the isolation box and is connected to the collection box.

8. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned extension rods is equipped with a rack, a mating interface, and a mating joint; The rack is located on one or both sides of the extension rod. The height of the rack does not exceed the outer circumference of the extension column. The mating interface is located at the bottom of the extension rod, and the mating connector is located at the top of the extension rod. Both the mating interface and the mating connector are hexagonal prisms. Multiple extension rods are connected by inserting the mating connector into the mating interface.

9. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support base is provided with an extension auxiliary component, which includes an extension drive base, an extension drive gear, and an extension drive motor. The extension drive base has a docking channel, and a gear mounting cavity is provided on one side of the docking channel. The extension gear is located in the gear mounting cavity and extends into the docking channel. Multiple extension rods are docked through the docking channel. The rack is aligned with the extension drive gear. The extension drive motor is fixedly mounted on the extension drive base.

10. The tree canopy pest and disease observation and sampling device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The stabilizing tie rod includes a tie rod main beam and a trunk locking ring. The tie rod main beam is fixedly connected to the support base or fixedly connected to the extension drive base and extends along the vertical direction of the extension rod. The trunk locking ring is detachably connected to the front end of the tie rod main beam.

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