A 5G-A low-altitude wide coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and relates to a 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming. The system comprises a beam parameter initial configuration module, a low-altitude data fusion module, a scene mode determination module, a beam recursive optimization module, a distributed beam cooperation module and a beam link optimization module. The beamforming parameters are differentially initialized and configured, and an initial beam resource pool is established. Periodic measurement reports and environment sensing data are multi-source and heterogeneous fused to obtain a low-altitude environment situation data set. The low-altitude environment situation data set is subjected to mode determination to obtain a scene mode identifier. A target service beam is selected, and the beam shape and the beam pointing direction are recursively optimized to obtain a beam control instruction. Adjacent network side devices are subjected to cross-node signaling interaction and cooperation to obtain a distributed cooperative beam strategy. Low-altitude terminals are subjected to link optimization to obtain an enhanced coverage communication link. The application can improve the efficiency of low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming. Background Technology

[0002] In existing 5G-A low-altitude communication scenarios, the initial configuration of beamforming parameters lacks differentiated design and fails to fully integrate preset airspace coverage rules with historical coverage data for systematic reconstruction. This results in the initial beam resource pool being unable to accurately adapt to the spatial geometric characteristics of low-altitude areas, failing to effectively identify coverage vulnerabilities and configure beam parameters accordingly. Consequently, some low-altitude airspaces suffer from weak communication coverage, making it difficult to support wide-coverage communication needs.

[0003] Existing technologies fail to efficiently integrate periodic measurement reports from low-altitude terminals with environmental perception data from multiple sources, and cannot accurately determine scenario patterns based on real-time service requests. This results in a lack of reliable data support and clear directional guidance for beam optimization. Furthermore, the absence of a cross-node distributed beam coordination mechanism means that beam adjustments cannot adapt to dynamic environmental changes and terminal movement trends in a timely manner, leading to insufficient communication link stability, poor coverage enhancement, and difficulty in meeting the high-performance transmission requirements of low-altitude communication scenarios. Therefore, improving the efficiency of low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming, characterized in that the system includes a beam parameter initialization module, a low-altitude data fusion module, a scene mode determination module, a beam recursive optimization module, a distributed beam coordination module, and a beam link optimization module, wherein:

[0005] The beam parameter initial configuration module is used to perform differential initial configuration of beamforming parameters based on the preset spatial coverage rules and historical coverage data in the network-side device, and to establish the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device.

[0006] The low-altitude data fusion module is used to perform multi-source heterogeneous fusion of periodic measurement reports and environmental perception data from the low-altitude terminal to obtain the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal.

[0007] The scene pattern determination module is used to perform pattern determination on the low-altitude environment situation dataset based on the real-time service requests of the network-side device, and obtain the scene pattern identifier of the network-side device.

[0008] The beam recursive optimization module is used to select a target service beam from the initial beam resource pool based on the scene mode identifier, and recursively optimize the beam shape and beam direction of the target service beam based on the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam control command of the network side device.

[0009] The distributed beam coordination module is used to perform cross-node signaling interaction and coordination with adjacent network-side devices of the network-side device based on the core parameters of the beam control command, so as to obtain the distributed coordinated beam strategy of the network-side device.

[0010] The beam link optimization module is used to perform beamforming on the antenna array of the network-side device based on the beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy, and to perform link optimization on the low-altitude terminal to obtain the enhanced coverage communication link of the network-side device.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, when the beam parameter initialization module performs differential initialization configuration of beamforming parameters based on preset spatial coverage rules and historical coverage data in the network-side device to establish the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0012] Based on the mapping relationship between priority and boundary in the network-side device, the preset spatial coverage rules are parsed and reconstructed to obtain the rule data of the network-side device.

[0013] Based on the coverage priority in the rule data, the historical coverage data of the network-side device is used to identify coverage vulnerabilities, thereby obtaining a list of airspace blocks to be enhanced for the network-side device.

[0014] Based on the spatial geometric characteristics of the list of airspace blocks to be enhanced, the pitch and azimuth ranges of the beams in the network-side equipment are divided into beamforming parameter combinations of the network-side equipment.

[0015] The beamforming parameter combination is configured in an instance to obtain the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, when the low-altitude data fusion module performs multi-source heterogeneous fusion of periodic measurement reports and environmental perception data from the low-altitude terminal to obtain the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal, it is specifically used for:

[0017] The periodic measurement reports of the low-altitude terminal are parsed to obtain the signal quality measurement value and terminal location information of the low-altitude terminal.

[0018] Based on the reference coordinate system and timeline of the low-altitude terminal, the signal quality measurement value and the terminal location information are spatiotemporally aligned with the environmental state data of the low-altitude terminal to obtain the fused data record of the low-altitude terminal.

[0019] Redundancy is removed from the fused data records, and the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal is obtained by integration.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, when the scene mode determination module performs mode determination on the low-altitude environment situation dataset based on the real-time service request of the network-side device to obtain the scene mode identifier of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0021] The real-time service requests of the network-side device are deconstructed based on service characteristics to obtain a service requirement profile of the network-side device.

[0022] Based on the service time and space range of the low-altitude terminal, environmental features are extracted from the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the environmental feature profile of the low-altitude terminal.

[0023] The service requirement profile and the environmental feature profile are matched and mapped to obtain the scenario mode determination result of the network-side device.

[0024] The scene mode determination result is encapsulated as a scene mode identifier of the network-side device.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, when the beam recursive optimization module selects a target service beam from the initial beam resource pool based on the scene mode identifier and recursively optimizes the beam shape and beam pointing of the target service beam based on the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam control command of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0026] Based on the scene mode identifier, the initial beam resource pool is retrieved and called to obtain the beam selection strategy of the network-side device.

[0027] Based on the beam selection strategy, the candidate beams in the initial beam resource pool are evaluated for scene adaptability, and the candidate service beam set of the network-side device is selected according to the adaptability evaluation results.

[0028] Based on the service continuity and coverage redundancy requirements of the scenario mode identifier, beam selection is performed on the candidate service beam set to obtain the target service beam of the network-side device.

[0029] Derivation of requirements is made from the environmental dynamics and terminal movement trends in the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam lobe adjustment requirements and tracking offset of the network-side equipment.

[0030] Based on the preset communication performance optimization target, the beam adjustment requirements, and the tracking offset, the target service beam is recursively optimized to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device.

[0031] The optimized shaping parameters are encoded into beam control commands for the network-side device.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, when the beam recursive optimization module performs recursive optimization on the target serving beam based on a preset communication performance optimization objective, the lobe adjustment requirements, and the tracking offset to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters for the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0033] Based on the beam adjustment requirements and the tracking offset, the beamforming parameters of the target service beam are corrected to obtain the initial beam parameter adjustment amount of the network-side device.

[0034] The performance assumptions of the initial beam parameter adjustment are extrapolated to obtain the predicted performance evaluation results of the network-side equipment;

[0035] The predicted performance evaluation results are compared with the preset communication performance optimization targets to determine whether the optimization targets are met.

[0036] When the predicted performance evaluation result does not meet the communication performance optimization target, the initial beam parameter adjustment amount is adjusted based on the comparison difference to generate a new round of beam parameter adjustment amount, and the process returns to the performance assumption deduction step.

[0037] When the predictive performance evaluation result of the beam parameter adjustment amount meets the communication performance optimization target, the beam parameter adjustment amount is marked as the convergence adjustment amount of the network-side device;

[0038] The convergence adjustment amount and the beamforming parameters of the target serving beam are integrated and updated to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, when the beam recursive optimization module performs an integrated update of the convergence adjustment amount and the beamforming parameters of the target serving beam to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device, the calculation formula for the optimized beamforming parameters is as follows:

[0040] ;

[0041] In the formula, For the optimized shaping parameters, The beamforming parameters for the target serving beam. The convergence adjustment amount, The predicted performance evaluation results, The target performance value for the communication performance optimization objective. The minimum performance threshold for the communication performance optimization objective. This serves as the scene mode identifier. The coverage priority of the network-side devices. The environmental feature profile of the low-altitude terminal is the first one. Key environmental characteristics, For the first The salience of key environmental features within the current service time and space range. This represents the total number of environmental features in the environmental feature profile.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, when the distributed beam coordination module executes the core parameters based on the beam control command to perform cross-node signaling interaction and coordination with adjacent network-side devices of the network-side device to obtain the distributed coordinated beam strategy of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0043] Based on the cooperative negotiation signaling of the beam control command, link delivery is performed to the adjacent network side devices of the network side device to obtain the cooperative processing flow of the adjacent network side devices.

[0044] The feedback response of the collaborative processing flow is decoded to obtain the collaborative opinions and constraints of the adjacent network-side devices;

[0045] By weighing and matching the collaborative opinions and constraints with the coverage intentions of the network-side devices, a collaborative action draft for the network-side devices is obtained;

[0046] The draft of the cooperative action is strategically arranged to obtain the distributed cooperative beam strategy of the network-side device.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, when the distributed beam coordination module performs a trade-off between the coordination opinions and constraints and the coverage intentions of the network-side device to obtain a draft coordination action for the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0048] Extract the requirements for target coverage area, service priority, and performance indicators from the coverage intent to obtain the local coverage requirement list of the network-side device;

[0049] The collaborative opinions are compared item by item with the local coverage requirement list to obtain the comparative analysis results of the network-side devices;

[0050] Based on preset collaboration priority rules, conflicting items in the comparative analysis results are arbitrated to obtain the final adoption scheme of the network-side device;

[0051] By integrating the final adopted solution, the consistent items and supplementary items in the demand comparison analysis results, and combining them with the constraints, a draft of the collaborative action for the network-side devices is obtained.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, when the beam link optimization module executes beamforming on the antenna array of the network-side device based on the beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy, and optimizes the link of the low-altitude terminal to obtain the enhanced coverage communication link of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0053] The beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy are jointly parsed to obtain the synthetic control parameters of the network-side device.

[0054] Signaling interaction is performed on the low-altitude terminal to establish the initial communication link of the network-side equipment;

[0055] Based on the characteristics of the synthetic control parameters and the current environmental information in the low-altitude environmental situation dataset, the transmission parameters of the initial communication link are optimized for adaptability to obtain the link transmission parameters of the network-side device.

[0056] By applying the link transmission parameters and maintaining data transmission with the low-altitude terminal through the synthetic control parameters, an enhanced coverage communication link for the network-side device is obtained.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] 1. This invention combines airspace coverage rules with historical data to initialize beam parameter differences, obtains accurate low-altitude environmental situation datasets through multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, and then completes scenario mode determination based on real-time service requests, making the configuration of the initial beam resource pool more targeted, the selection of target service beams can accurately match scenario requirements, effectively fill coverage gaps, and improve the wide coverage capability of low-altitude communication.

[0059] 2. This invention continuously adjusts the shape and direction of the target service beam through recursive optimization, and combines a cross-node distributed beam coordination strategy to achieve efficient coordination of beam resources. At the same time, it optimizes the transmission parameters of the communication link based on the synthetic control parameters and the current environmental information, so that the communication link can dynamically adapt to environmental changes and terminal movement trends, significantly improving link stability and data transmission performance, and ensuring the continuous reliability of low-altitude communication services. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1A system architecture diagram of a 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming is provided for one embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments belong to some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “said” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0064] Depending on the context, the word "if" or "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0065] Furthermore, the timing of the steps in the following method embodiments is merely an example and not a strict limitation.

[0066] In practice, the server-side equipment deployed in a beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system may consist of one or more devices. This beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system can be implemented as: a service instance, a virtual machine, or hardware devices. For example, this beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system can be implemented as a service instance deployed on one or more devices in a cloud node. Simply put, this beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system can be understood as software deployed on a cloud node, used to provide each user terminal with a beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system. Alternatively, this beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system can also be implemented as a virtual machine deployed on one or more devices in a cloud node. This virtual machine contains application software for managing each user terminal. Alternatively, this beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area enhanced communication system can also be implemented as a server consisting of numerous identical or different types of hardware devices, with one or more hardware devices configured to provide each user terminal with a beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area enhanced communication system.

[0067] In terms of implementation, a beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system and user terminal are mutually adaptable. That is, if a beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system is implemented as an application installed on a cloud service platform, then the user terminal acts as a client establishing a communication connection with that application; or if a beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system is implemented as a website, then the user terminal acts as a webpage; or if a beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system is implemented as a cloud service platform, then the user terminal acts as a mini-program in an instant messaging application.

[0068] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a system architecture diagram of a 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] The 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system 100 based on beamforming described in this invention can be configured on a cloud server. In terms of implementation, it can function as one or more service devices, or as an application installed in the cloud (e.g., a mobile service operator's server, server cluster, etc.), or it can be developed into a website. Depending on the implemented functions, the 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system 100 may include a beam parameter initialization module 101, a low-altitude data fusion module 102, a scene mode determination module 103, a beam recursive optimization module 104, a distributed beam coordination module 105, and a beam link optimization module 106. The modules described in this invention can also be referred to as units, which are a series of computer program segments that can be executed by the processor of an electronic device and perform a fixed function, stored in the memory of the electronic device.

[0070] In this embodiment of the invention, in a beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system, each of the above modules can be implemented independently and can call other modules. Here, "calling" can be understood as one module connecting to multiple modules of another type and providing corresponding services to those connected modules. The beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system provided by this embodiment of the invention allows for adjustment of the applicable scope of the beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system architecture without modifying the program code, by adding modules and directly calling them. This enables cluster-based horizontal expansion, achieving the goal of quickly and flexibly expanding the beamforming-based 5G-A low-altitude wide-area coverage enhanced communication system. In practical applications, the above modules can be set in the same device or different devices, or they can be set in virtual devices, such as service instances in a cloud server.

[0071] The following describes, with reference to specific embodiments, the various components and specific workflow of a 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming:

[0072] The beam parameter initial configuration module 101 is used to perform differential initial configuration of beamforming parameters based on the preset spatial coverage rules and historical coverage data in the network-side device, and to establish the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, when the beam parameter initialization module performs differential initialization configuration of beamforming parameters based on preset spatial coverage rules and historical coverage data in the network-side device to establish the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0074] Based on the mapping relationship between priority and boundary in the network-side device, the preset spatial coverage rules are parsed and reconstructed to obtain the rule data of the network-side device.

[0075] Based on the coverage priority in the rule data, the historical coverage data of the network-side device is used to identify coverage vulnerabilities, thereby obtaining a list of airspace blocks to be enhanced for the network-side device.

[0076] Based on the spatial geometric characteristics of the list of airspace blocks to be enhanced, the pitch and azimuth ranges of the beams in the network-side equipment are divided into beamforming parameter combinations of the network-side equipment.

[0077] The beamforming parameter combination is configured in an instance to obtain the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device.

[0078] Based on the clearly defined priority and coverage boundary correspondence in the network-side equipment, the pre-set airspace coverage rules are broken down into individual entries, the priority level and coverage boundary range of each rule are sorted out, and then the split rule entries are re-integrated according to the coverage logic, removing redundant and overlapping parts between rules, clarifying the applicable airspace range and execution order of the rules, and finally forming the rule data of the network-side equipment with a clear structure and logical coherence.

[0079] Extract the explicit coverage priority information from the rule data, and compare the coverage records of each spatial domain in the historical coverage data of the network-side devices one by one in order of priority from high to low. Check whether each spatial domain meets the coverage standard required by the corresponding priority, accurately mark the spatial range of each marked area and the specific circumstances of non-compliance, and summarize all marked areas to form a list of spatial domain blocks to be enhanced for the network-side devices.

[0080] A thorough analysis is conducted on the spatial geometric characteristics of each block in the list of airspace blocks to be enhanced, including its spatial shape, geographical location, and relative position to network-side equipment. Based on these characteristics, the required elevation and azimuth angle ranges of the beams to cover each block are determined. According to the coverage requirements of each airspace block to be enhanced, the elevation and azimuth angle ranges of the beams are specifically matched to ensure that each combination can accurately cover the corresponding airspace block to be enhanced, thereby forming the beamforming parameter combination for the network-side equipment.

[0081] For each beamforming parameter combination, the specific values ​​of its corresponding elevation and azimuth ranges are defined. A unique identifier is assigned to each combination, and key information such as the airspace block to be enhanced and the corresponding coverage priority are recorded. All configured beamforming parameter combinations are stored in a unified format to form a collection containing multiple available beam configuration instances, which is the initial beam resource pool of the network-side equipment.

[0082] The beneficial effects are as follows: by combining the mapping relationship between priority and boundary in network-side equipment to parse and reconstruct the preset airspace coverage rules, the obtained rule data is more in line with actual coverage needs. Then, based on the coverage priority, the historical coverage data is used to identify coverage vulnerabilities, which can accurately locate the airspace area to be enhanced. Subsequently, the elevation and azimuth angle ranges of the beam are divided according to the spatial geometric characteristics of the airspace block to be enhanced to form a beamforming parameter combination, ensuring that the parameter combination is highly adapted to the airspace characteristics. Finally, the initial beam resource pool constructed through instance configuration has clear targeting and adaptability, effectively improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of low-altitude communication coverage of network-side equipment, and laying a solid foundation for subsequent beam optimization and the establishment of enhanced coverage communication links.

[0083] The low-altitude data fusion module 102 is used to perform multi-source heterogeneous fusion of the periodic measurement reports and environmental perception data of the low-altitude terminal to obtain the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal.

[0084] In this embodiment of the invention, when the low-altitude data fusion module performs multi-source heterogeneous fusion of periodic measurement reports and environmental perception data from the low-altitude terminal to obtain the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal, it is specifically used for:

[0085] The periodic measurement reports of the low-altitude terminal are parsed to obtain the signal quality measurement value and terminal location information of the low-altitude terminal.

[0086] Based on the reference coordinate system and timeline of the low-altitude terminal, the signal quality measurement value and the terminal location information are spatiotemporally aligned with the environmental state data of the low-altitude terminal to obtain the fused data record of the low-altitude terminal.

[0087] Redundancy is removed from the fused data records, and the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal is obtained by integration.

[0088] Following the standard format of the low-altitude terminal communication protocol, the data stream of the periodic measurement report is broken down segment by segment to accurately identify the relevant fields characterizing the signal transmission quality. The specific values ​​corresponding to these fields are extracted as signal quality measurement values. At the same time, the information segment recording the terminal's geographical location in the location report is parsed through the decoding method specified in the protocol to obtain the specific location data of the terminal. Finally, the signal quality measurement value and terminal location information of the low-altitude terminal are clearly obtained.

[0089] Using the preset reference coordinate system of the low-altitude terminal as a spatial reference, the parsed terminal position information is converted into a unified coordinate representation under this coordinate system. At the same time, a unified timeline is established based on the timestamp, and the signal quality measurement value and terminal position information are associated and matched with the environmental state data corresponding to the same time node, to ensure that different types of data are completely consistent in spatial location and time node, forming a fused data record of the low-altitude terminal that includes spatiotemporal correlation.

[0090] By comparing and integrating each piece of information in the data records, duplicate data entries, redundant data with completely identical information content, and invalid information unrelated to the low-altitude environmental situation analysis are identified. These redundant and invalid contents are completely removed. Then, according to the classification logic of signal quality, terminal location, and environmental status, the remaining valid data are systematically organized and combined to construct a low-altitude terminal low-altitude environmental situation dataset with a standardized structure, complete information, and no redundancy.

[0091] The beneficial effects include protocol parsing of periodic measurement reports from low-altitude terminals, enabling accurate acquisition of signal quality measurements and terminal location information. This provides accurate and crucial foundational data for multi-source data fusion. By combining the reference coordinate system and timeline of the low-altitude terminal with spatiotemporal alignment, signal quality measurements, terminal location information, and environmental status data are integrated into a spatiotemporally closely correlated and logically consistent fused data record. Redundancy removal eliminates invalid and duplicate information, resulting in a low-altitude environmental situation dataset that is both complete and accurate. This dataset comprehensively and realistically reflects the environmental conditions of the low-altitude terminal, providing reliable and effective data support for subsequent core aspects such as scenario mode determination and beam optimization. This ensures the targetedness and rationality of subsequent communication optimization actions, thereby improving the overall operational stability and adaptability of the low-altitude communication system.

[0092] The scene mode determination module 103 is used to perform mode determination on the low-altitude environment situation dataset based on the real-time service requests of the network-side device, and obtain the scene mode identifier of the network-side device.

[0093] In this embodiment of the invention, when the scene mode determination module executes a real-time service request based on the network-side device to determine the mode of the low-altitude environment situation dataset and obtain the scene mode identifier of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0094] The real-time service requests of the network-side device are deconstructed based on service characteristics to obtain a service requirement profile of the network-side device.

[0095] Based on the service time and space range of the low-altitude terminal, environmental features are extracted from the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the environmental feature profile of the low-altitude terminal.

[0096] The service requirement profile and the environmental feature profile are matched and mapped to obtain the scenario mode determination result of the network-side device.

[0097] The scene mode determination result is encapsulated as a scene mode identifier of the network-side device.

[0098] The real-time service requests of network-side devices are comprehensively broken down, and the core elements related to communication transmission are extracted, including key features such as the required transmission rate, latency standard, data transmission type, and service duration. These features are classified and organized, and the specific requirements and attributes of each feature are clarified. All extracted service features are systematically presented in a unified format to form a service requirement profile for network-side devices.

[0099] The service time and space range of low-altitude terminals is clearly defined, that is, the time interval and spatial area in which the terminal needs to obtain communication services. Based on this range, environmental data related to the corresponding time period and area are selected from the low-altitude environmental situation dataset. Key environmental features affecting communication quality are extracted from these data, including signal interference intensity, terrain features, environmental obstruction, and signal propagation path characteristics. These environmental features are sorted and classified to form a well-structured environmental feature profile of the low-altitude terminal.

[0100] Each business feature in the business requirements profile is compared with the corresponding environmental feature in the environmental feature profile. The analysis is conducted to determine whether the environmental features can meet the business requirements and to judge the degree of compatibility between the two. Based on the degree of compatibility, the scenario mode that best meets the current business requirements and environmental conditions is determined. This scenario mode is the scenario mode determination result of the network-side device.

[0101] According to the preset identification specifications of the communication system, the scene mode determination results are formatted to clearly identify the key information such as the type of scene mode, the type of service to be adapted, and the corresponding environmental adaptation conditions. Through a standardized encapsulation process, this information is integrated into a unified identification form, which ultimately forms the scene mode identification of the network side device.

[0102] The beneficial effects include: the business requirement profile obtained by deconstructing the real-time business requests of network-side devices can accurately capture the core business demands and key requirements; combined with the environmental feature profile extracted from the low-altitude environmental situation data based on the service spatiotemporal range of the low-altitude terminal, it can comprehensively and realistically reflect the key conditions of the terminal's environment; and the scenario mode determination result obtained by matching and mapping the two achieves a precise fit between business requirements and environmental conditions. After encapsulating the determination result as a scenario mode identifier, it can provide clear and definite directional guidance for subsequent core links such as beam selection and beam optimization, ensuring that subsequent communication optimization actions closely follow the current scenario requirements, effectively improving the adaptability accuracy of the 5G-A low-altitude communication system to different scenarios, ensuring that communication services can fit the actual business and environmental conditions, and enhancing the pertinence and reliability of the communication system operation.

[0103] The beam recursive optimization module 104 is used to select a target service beam from the initial beam resource pool based on the scene mode identifier, and recursively optimize the beam shape and beam direction of the target service beam based on the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam control command of the network side device.

[0104] In this embodiment of the invention, when the beam recursive optimization module selects a target service beam from the initial beam resource pool based on the scene mode identifier and recursively optimizes the beam shape and beam pointing of the target service beam based on the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam control command of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0105] Based on the scene mode identifier, the initial beam resource pool is retrieved and called to obtain the beam selection strategy of the network-side device.

[0106] Based on the beam selection strategy, the candidate beams in the initial beam resource pool are evaluated for scene adaptability, and the candidate service beam set of the network-side device is selected according to the adaptability evaluation results.

[0107] Based on the service continuity and coverage redundancy requirements of the scenario mode identifier, beam selection is performed on the candidate service beam set to obtain the target service beam of the network-side device.

[0108] Derivation of requirements is made from the environmental dynamics and terminal movement trends in the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam lobe adjustment requirements and tracking offset of the network-side equipment.

[0109] Based on the preset communication performance optimization target, the beam adjustment requirements, and the tracking offset, the target service beam is recursively optimized to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device.

[0110] The optimized shaping parameters are encoded into beam control commands for the network-side device.

[0111] When the beam recursive optimization module performs recursive optimization on the target serving beam based on a preset communication performance optimization objective, the beam lobe adjustment requirements, and the tracking offset to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters for the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0112] Based on the beam adjustment requirements and the tracking offset, the beamforming parameters of the target service beam are corrected to obtain the initial beam parameter adjustment amount of the network-side device.

[0113] The performance assumptions of the initial beam parameter adjustment are extrapolated to obtain the predicted performance evaluation results of the network-side equipment;

[0114] The predicted performance evaluation results are compared with the preset communication performance optimization targets to determine whether the optimization targets are met.

[0115] When the predicted performance evaluation result does not meet the communication performance optimization target, the initial beam parameter adjustment amount is adjusted based on the comparison difference to generate a new round of beam parameter adjustment amount, and the process returns to the performance assumption deduction step.

[0116] When the predictive performance evaluation result of the beam parameter adjustment amount meets the communication performance optimization target, the beam parameter adjustment amount is marked as the convergence adjustment amount of the network-side device;

[0117] The convergence adjustment amount and the beamforming parameters of the target serving beam are integrated and updated to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device.

[0118] When the beam recursive optimization module integrates and updates the convergence adjustment amount and the beamforming parameters of the target serving beam to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device, the calculation formula for the optimized beamforming parameters is as follows:

[0119] ;

[0120] In the formula, For the optimized shaping parameters, The beamforming parameters for the target serving beam. The convergence adjustment amount, The predicted performance evaluation results, The target performance value for the communication performance optimization objective. The minimum performance threshold for the communication performance optimization objective. This serves as the scene mode identifier. The coverage priority of the network-side devices. The environmental feature profile of the low-altitude terminal is the first one. Key environmental characteristics, For the first The salience of key environmental features within the current service time and space range. This represents the total number of environmental features in the environmental feature profile.

[0121] Based on the core features of the scene pattern identifier, such as scene type and business adaptation requirements, the system traverses all beam configuration information in the initial beam resource pool, establishes a correspondence between features and beam configurations, clarifies the dimensions that need to be matched during the retrieval process, such as beam coverage adaptability and transmission performance adaptability, and determines the preferred beam type, screening criteria and adaptation priority based on the association results, ultimately forming the beam selection strategy for network-side devices.

[0122] According to the screening criteria and adaptation priorities set in the beam selection strategy, the characteristics of each candidate beam in the initial beam resource pool are analyzed one by one, including the beam coverage area, beam shape parameters, pointing angle, transmission rate support capability, and latency control level. These characteristics are comprehensively compared with the scene requirements corresponding to the scene mode identifier, and the degree of adaptation of each candidate beam to the current scene is evaluated. Candidate beams that meet the preset standards are selected and integrated to form the candidate service beam set of the network side device.

[0123] We delve into the service continuity requirements explicitly stated in the scenario mode identifier, which ensure uninterrupted beam switching and smooth data transmission during communication. We also clarify the coverage redundancy requirements, which avoid excessive beam overlap that leads to resource waste or insufficient coverage that causes communication interruptions. Based on these two requirements, we evaluate each candidate service beam set, assessing the performance of each beam in maintaining service continuity and meeting redundancy requirements. We then select the beam that optimally satisfies both requirements and designates it as the target service beam for the network-side equipment.

[0124] A comprehensive analysis of the dynamic environmental changes recorded in the low-altitude environmental situation data is conducted, including changes in signal interference intensity, changes in terrain obstruction conditions, and fluctuations in the atmospheric propagation environment. Simultaneously, the trajectory of terminal location information is tracked to extract the terminal's movement trend, such as its direction and speed of movement. Combining these environmental changes and movement trends, the direction and magnitude of beam adjustment required to ensure communication quality are derived, i.e., beam adjustment requirements, as well as the specific direction and range in which the beam pointing needs to shift to follow the terminal's movement, i.e., the tracking offset.

[0125] Based on a preset communication performance optimization target, which specifies the standards for transmission rate, signal stability, and delay control required during communication, and combined with the obtained beamforming parameters of the target serving beam, the beamforming parameters are initially corrected. Then, the communication operation status of the corrected beam is simulated to evaluate whether it can achieve the preset communication performance optimization target. If it does not, the beamforming parameters are adjusted in a targeted manner according to the difference between the evaluation results and the optimization target, and the simulation and evaluation are repeated until the predicted performance of the beam meets the optimization target. At this point, the corresponding beamforming parameters are determined as the optimized beamforming parameters.

[0126] According to the encoding format specified in the communication protocol of the network-side equipment, the core contents such as beam shape adjustment information and beam pointing adjustment information contained in the optimized beamforming parameters are converted into binary signaling data that can be recognized and executed by the equipment. During the encoding process, it is ensured that the signaling identifier corresponding to each parameter is accurate and that the data transmission format meets the receiving requirements of the equipment, so that the encoded signal can accurately convey the specific instructions for beam adjustment, and finally form the beam control instructions of the network-side equipment.

[0127] Based on the clearly defined beam shape adjustment direction and amplitude of the beam lobe adjustment requirements, and the beam pointing offset range determined by the tracking offset, the shaping parameters of the target service beam are adjusted in a targeted manner. The core parameters related to beam shape and pointing are corrected in particular, so that the adjusted parameters can accurately respond to the requirements of beam lobe adjustment and tracking offset, and finally form the initial beam parameter adjustment amount of the network-side equipment.

[0128] The simulation of the initial beam parameter adjustment is applied to the target serving beam in the operating scenario. Combined with the environmental dynamics and terminal movement trends in the low-altitude environmental situation data, the key performance of the beam under the adjustment is analyzed, including signal transmission coverage, signal strength distribution, and anti-interference capability. The comprehensive performance of each factor is used to form the predictive performance evaluation result of the network-side equipment.

[0129] The core indicators included in the preset communication performance optimization goals are clearly defined, such as transmission rate standards, signal stability requirements, and latency control range. The corresponding indicators in the predicted performance evaluation results are compared with these preset standards one by one to check whether each indicator meets or exceeds the preset requirements, thereby determining whether the predicted performance evaluation results meet the communication performance optimization goals.

[0130] When the predicted performance evaluation results do not meet the communication performance optimization goals, the unmet performance indicators and the degree of difference from the preset goals are accurately located. Based on the specific circumstances of the difference, the corresponding parameter dimensions in the initial beam parameter adjustment amount are adjusted in a targeted manner to determine the direction and magnitude of the adjustment, generate a new round of beam parameter adjustment amount, and then conduct a performance evaluation on the new round of beam parameter adjustment amount according to the same performance assumption deduction method.

[0131] When all core performance indicators in the predicted performance evaluation results corresponding to a certain round of beam parameter adjustment reach the preset communication performance optimization target, it is confirmed that the beam parameter adjustment has made the beam performance stable and meets the requirements, and no further adjustment is needed. The beam parameter adjustment is then officially marked as the convergence adjustment amount of the network-side equipment.

[0132] The parameter change information corresponding to the convergence adjustment amount is systematically integrated with the original beamforming parameters of the target serving beam. According to the correlation logic of the beamforming parameters, the parameter correction part in the convergence adjustment amount is accurately superimposed on the corresponding beamforming parameters of the target serving beam, completing the comprehensive update of parameters and finally obtaining the optimized beamforming parameters of the network side equipment.

[0133] The optimized beamforming parameters are the final result calculated by integrating the beamforming parameters and convergence adjustment of the target serving beam, and taking into account relevant influencing factors.

[0134] The shaping parameters of the target service beam are derived from the shaping parameters carried by the target service beam itself after beam selection of the candidate service beam set.

[0135] The convergence adjustment amount comes from the beam parameter adjustment amount that is marked when the prediction performance evaluation result of the beam parameter adjustment amount meets the communication performance optimization target.

[0136] The predicted performance evaluation results are derived from the performance assumptions derived from the initial beam parameter adjustments.

[0137] The target performance value of the communication performance optimization objective is the performance standard that needs to be achieved as clearly defined in the preset communication performance optimization objectives.

[0138] The minimum performance threshold for communication performance optimization goals is the lowest acceptable performance standard set in the preset communication performance optimization goals.

[0139] The scenario pattern identifier comes from the identifier result obtained by the scenario pattern determination module after matching and mapping the business requirement profile and the environmental feature profile.

[0140] Coverage priority comes from the coverage priority in the rule data, which is obtained by parsing and reconstructing the preset airspace coverage rules based on the mapping relationship between priority and boundary in the network-side device.

[0141] Key environmental features are derived from the various environmental features in the environmental feature profile obtained through environmental feature extraction.

[0142] Salience is the result obtained by judging the importance of each key environmental feature based on the current service time and space range.

[0143] The total number of environmental features is the total number of environmental features included in the environmental feature profile.

[0144] The significance of this formula is to integrate and update the original beamforming parameters and convergence adjustment of the target service beam. During the process, the scene mode identifier is combined to adapt to the current scene requirements, the adjustment weight is determined according to the coverage priority, the optimization intensity is adjusted by comparing the difference between the predicted performance evaluation results and the communication performance optimization target, and various key environmental characteristics and their significance are taken into account to ensure that the adjusted beamforming parameters can accurately adapt to the current environment and service requirements. Finally, the optimized beamforming parameters that meet the communication performance optimization target are obtained, providing a reliable basis for the subsequent generation of accurate beam control commands and ensuring the stability and adaptability of low-altitude communication.

[0145] The beneficial effects are that the beam selection strategy obtained by retrieving and calling the initial beam resource pool based on scene pattern identifiers provides clear guidance for evaluating the scene adaptability of candidate beams. The selected candidate service beam set has a scene adaptability basis. The target service beam selected by combining the service continuity and coverage redundancy requirements of scene pattern identifiers can accurately meet the core communication needs. The beam adjustment requirements and tracking offset derived from the low-altitude environmental situation dataset provide accurate basis for beam parameter optimization. In the recursive optimization process, the closed-loop operation of parameter correction, performance assumption deduction, comparison and feedback adjustment ensures that the optimized shaping parameters obtained after integrating the converged adjustment amount with the shaping parameters of the target service beam fully meet the preset communication performance optimization goals. Finally, the encoded beam control command can accurately convey the beam adjustment requirements. The whole process realizes deep adaptation of beam selection, parameter optimization and scene requirements and environmental changes, effectively improving the beam pointing accuracy, shape adaptability and communication performance stability, laying a reliable foundation for subsequent distributed beam coordination and communication link optimization, and ensuring efficient and smooth low-altitude communication.

[0146] The distributed beam coordination module 105 is used to perform cross-node signaling interaction and coordination with adjacent network-side devices of the network-side device based on the core parameters of the beam control command, so as to obtain the distributed coordinated beam strategy of the network-side device.

[0147] In this embodiment of the invention, when the distributed beam coordination module executes the core parameters based on the beam control command to perform cross-node signaling interaction and coordination with adjacent network-side devices of the network-side device to obtain the distributed coordinated beam strategy of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0148] Based on the cooperative negotiation signaling of the beam control command, link delivery is performed to the adjacent network side devices of the network side device to obtain the cooperative processing flow of the adjacent network side devices.

[0149] The feedback response of the collaborative processing flow is decoded to obtain the collaborative opinions and constraints of the adjacent network-side devices;

[0150] By weighing and matching the collaborative opinions and constraints with the coverage intentions of the network-side devices, a collaborative action draft for the network-side devices is obtained;

[0151] The draft of the cooperative action is strategically arranged to obtain the distributed cooperative beam strategy of the network-side device.

[0152] When the distributed beam coordination module performs a trade-off and matching process between the coordination opinions and constraints and the coverage intentions of the network-side device to obtain a draft coordination action plan for the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0153] Extract the requirements for target coverage area, service priority, and performance indicators from the coverage intent to obtain the local coverage requirement list of the network-side device;

[0154] The collaborative opinions are compared item by item with the local coverage requirement list to obtain the comparative analysis results of the network-side devices;

[0155] Based on preset collaboration priority rules, conflicting items in the comparative analysis results are arbitrated to obtain the final adoption scheme of the network-side device;

[0156] By integrating the final adopted solution, the consistent items and supplementary items in the demand comparison analysis results, and combining them with the constraints, a draft of the collaborative action for the network-side devices is obtained.

[0157] The coordination negotiation signaling is extracted from the beam control command. This signaling contains core information such as beam adjustment direction, coverage requirements, and coordination time window. A connection is established between the network-side device and the adjacent network-side device through a pre-set dedicated communication link. The coordination negotiation signaling is accurately delivered to each adjacent network-side device according to the transmission format specified by the communication protocol. After receiving the signaling, the adjacent network-side device parses the coordination request, clarifies the coordination link it needs to participate in, the operation to be performed, and the response time limit, and thus forms the coordination processing flow of the adjacent network-side devices.

[0158] After completing their internal evaluation according to the collaborative processing flow, adjacent network-side devices generate feedback responses containing their own collaborative willingness, available beam resource support, and beam operation limitations. These feedback responses are then transmitted back to the network-side devices via the original communication link in the form of protocol encapsulation. The network-side devices then decompose the data stream of the feedback responses segment by segment according to the decoding rules of the corresponding communication protocol, accurately extracting key information such as whether the adjacent network-side devices agree to collaborate, the range of adaptable beam parameters, and the limitations of scenarios where collaboration is not possible. This information constitutes the collaborative opinions and constraints of the adjacent network-side devices.

[0159] The coverage intent of the network-side equipment is clearly defined. This intent includes core objectives such as the preset low-altitude coverage area, the desired communication quality standards, and the key terminal groups to be served. The extracted collaborative opinions and constraints are then compared and analyzed against the coverage intent. For collaborative opinions that align with the coverage intent... Figure 1 The parts that are consistent with the coverage intention will be retained. For the parts of the constraints that conflict with the coverage intention, trade-offs and coordination will be made in combination with the overall operation requirements of the communication system to determine a compromise solution that satisfies both the coverage intention and the collaborative capability of adjacent devices. The preliminary division of labor, beam adjustment range and cooperation method of each participating collaborative device will be clarified to form a draft of collaborative action for network-side devices.

[0160] The draft of the collaborative action plan systematically reviews all its contents, clarifying the beam control timing, collaborative triggering conditions, coverage area boundary division, signal power coordination standards, and conflict resolution mechanisms for adjacent network-side devices. The scattered collaborative actions in the draft are arranged according to logical order and priority to ensure that each device operates in a consistent manner without interfering with each other. At the same time, the responsible parties and execution standards for each collaborative link are clarified. The arranged content is integrated into a structurally complete and directly executable distributed collaborative beam strategy for network-side devices.

[0161] By deeply analyzing the coverage intent of network-side devices, we can accurately pinpoint the specific spatial range of the target coverage area, the ranking criteria for service priorities, and the specific requirements for communication performance indicators. We can then classify and organize this core information, clarify the boundary definition of the target coverage area, the order of different services in the service priority, and the specific content of performance indicators such as transmission rate and signal stability. We can then systematically present this extracted information in a unified format to form a local coverage requirement list for network-side devices.

[0162] Each item in the collaborative opinions of adjacent network-side devices is compared and verified one by one with the corresponding item in the local coverage requirement list. The compatibility of the collaborative opinions with the local coverage requirements in terms of target coverage area adaptability, service priority matching degree, and performance indicator compliance requirements is determined. If the collaborative opinions are completely consistent with the local coverage requirements, they are marked as consistent items. If there are contradictions, they are marked as conflicting items. If the collaborative opinions can supplement reasonable content not mentioned in the local coverage requirements, they are marked as supplementary items. All comparison results are fully recorded to form the comparative analysis results of network-side devices.

[0163] The pre-defined coordination priority rules are centered on ensuring the overall coverage effect of low-altitude communication and improving the overall communication performance of the system. They clarify the factors that need to be prioritized during the coordination process. When conflicting items appear in the comparative analysis results, the demands of both parties are evaluated according to the rules to determine which party's demands are more in line with the overall coverage plan of the system and can better guarantee the communication quality of key services. Based on the rule requirements, the solution to the conflict is determined, the final opinion or measure to be adopted is clarified, and the final adoption plan of the network side equipment is formed.

[0164] The specific content of the final adopted plan, as well as the consistent and supplementary items in the comparative analysis results, will be systematically integrated to ensure that all content is logically coherent and unified in objectives. At the same time, the constraints of adjacent network-side devices will be used as an important basis for the integration process. The integrated content will be adjusted and adapted to ensure that all planned collaborative actions are within the scope allowed by the constraints. The specific responsibilities of each participating collaborative device, the specific direction of beam adjustment, the timing of collaborative execution, and other key information will be clarified. Finally, a complete and implementable draft of collaborative actions for network-side devices will be formed.

[0165] The beneficial effects are that the collaborative negotiation signaling based on beam control commands delivers link delivery to adjacent network-side devices, enabling adjacent devices to clearly understand their collaborative needs and form a clear collaborative processing flow. The collaborative opinions and constraints after protocol decoding can truly reflect the collaborative capabilities and operational limitations of adjacent devices. The core requirements in the coverage intent are extracted to form a local coverage requirement list, providing a precise basis for their own needs for collaborative matching. By comparing the collaborative opinions with the local coverage requirement list item by item, the fit and conflict between the two can be fully understood. Based on the preset collaborative priority rules, conflict items are arbitrated to ensure that the final adopted solution meets the overall communication optimization goals. The collaborative action draft formed by integrating the final adopted solution, consistent items, supplementary items, and constraints not only fits the coverage intent of the network-side devices themselves but also fully adapts to the actual situation of adjacent devices. The distributed collaborative beam strategy obtained after strategic orchestration can achieve precise coordination and efficient collaboration of beam resources among various network-side devices, effectively avoiding coverage overlap or blind spots, improving the overall integrity and continuity of low-altitude communication coverage, and ensuring the stability and reliability of communication services in multi-device collaborative scenarios.

[0166] The beam link optimization module 106 is used to perform beamforming on the antenna array of the network-side device based on the beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy, and to perform link optimization on the low-altitude terminal to obtain the enhanced coverage communication link of the network-side device.

[0167] In this embodiment of the invention, when the beam link optimization module executes beamforming on the antenna array of the network-side device and link optimization on the low-altitude terminal based on the beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy to obtain the enhanced coverage communication link of the network-side device, it is specifically used for:

[0168] The beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy are jointly parsed to obtain the synthetic control parameters of the network-side device.

[0169] Signaling interaction is performed on the low-altitude terminal to establish the initial communication link of the network-side equipment;

[0170] Based on the characteristics of the synthetic control parameters and the current environmental information in the low-altitude environmental situation dataset, the transmission parameters of the initial communication link are optimized for adaptability to obtain the link transmission parameters of the network-side device.

[0171] By applying the link transmission parameters and maintaining data transmission with the low-altitude terminal through the synthetic control parameters, an enhanced coverage communication link for the network-side device is obtained.

[0172] The core content of beam control commands, such as beam shape adjustment information and beam pointing parameters, is synchronously analyzed with key rules in distributed cooperative beam strategy, such as cooperative timing, coverage boundary division, and power coordination standards. Key elements related to antenna array beamforming are extracted from both types of information, the correlation logic between each element is clarified, and beam adjustment requirements and cooperative rules are systematically integrated to form a unified control standard, ultimately obtaining the synthesis control parameters of network-side equipment.

[0173] The network-side device sends a connection request signaling message containing key information such as its own device identifier, communication frequency band, and encoding format to the low-altitude terminal. After receiving the signaling message, the low-altitude terminal parses its contents according to the preset communication protocol, confirms the communication qualifications and connection intention of the network-side device, and then sends a response signaling message containing information such as terminal identifier and receiving capability back to the network-side device. After the network-side device receives and verifies that the response signaling message is correct, a basic channel for bidirectional data transmission between the two parties is established, which is the initial communication link of the network-side device.

[0174] The characteristics of the beamforming control parameters are analyzed in depth, including the power allocation ratio of beamforming, beam pointing accuracy requirements, and cooperative working timing. At the same time, the current environmental information in the low-altitude environmental situation dataset is extracted, covering key aspects such as real-time signal interference intensity, terrain obstruction, and signal propagation loss. Based on these characteristics and environmental information, the transmission parameters of the initial communication link are adjusted in a targeted manner, including modulation method, coding rate, transmission power, and frame structure configuration, so that the transmission parameters can adapt to the current beamforming requirements and environmental conditions, and finally the link transmission parameters of the network-side equipment are obtained.

[0175] The link transmission parameters are applied to the initial communication link, and the antenna array is driven to form the final radiation beam according to the requirements of the synthesis control parameters. This beam strictly follows the pointing, shape and power distribution standards specified by the synthesis control parameters. Data is continuously sent to the low-altitude terminal through this final radiation beam, and the transmission status information fed back by the terminal is received in real time. The data transmission rhythm is dynamically adjusted according to the link transmission parameters to ensure the stability and efficiency of data transmission, maintain uninterrupted high-quality communication connection, and finally obtain the enhanced coverage communication link of the network side equipment.

[0176] The beneficial effects are that the synthesized control parameters obtained by jointly analyzing beam control commands and distributed cooperative beaming strategies can accurately integrate beam adjustment requirements and cross-node cooperative rules, providing unified and accurate guidance for antenna array beamforming. The initial communication link established through signaling interaction with the low-altitude terminal builds a stable basic data transmission channel. Adaptability optimization of the initial communication link transmission parameters based on the characteristics of the synthesized control parameters and current environmental information ensures that the transmission parameters fully adapt to beamforming requirements and low-altitude environmental conditions. Applying the optimized link transmission parameters and maintaining data transmission with the low-altitude terminal through the final radiated beam results in an enhanced coverage communication link that combines wide coverage and high stability, effectively resisting environmental interference, ensuring efficient and smooth data transmission, and comprehensively improving the service quality and reliability of low-altitude communication.

[0177] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0178] This application embodiment can acquire and process relevant data based on artificial intelligence technology. Artificial intelligence is the theory, method, technology, and application system that uses digital computers or machines controlled by digital computers to simulate, extend, and expand human intelligence, perceive the environment, acquire knowledge, and use that knowledge to obtain optimal results.

[0179] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming, characterized in that, The system includes a beam parameter initialization module, a low-altitude data fusion module, a scene mode determination module, a beam recursive optimization module, a distributed beam coordination module, and a beam link optimization module, wherein: The beam parameter initial configuration module is used to perform differential initial configuration of beamforming parameters based on the preset spatial coverage rules and historical coverage data in the network-side device, and to establish the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device. The low-altitude data fusion module is used to perform multi-source heterogeneous fusion of the periodic measurement reports and environmental perception data of the low-altitude terminal to obtain the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal. The scene pattern determination module is used to perform pattern determination on the low-altitude environment situation dataset based on the real-time service requests of the network-side device, and obtain the scene pattern identifier of the network-side device. The beam recursive optimization module is used to select a target service beam from the initial beam resource pool based on the scene mode identifier, and recursively optimize the beam shape and beam direction of the target service beam based on the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam control command of the network side device. The distributed beam coordination module is used to perform cross-node signaling interaction and coordination with adjacent network-side devices of the network-side device based on the core parameters of the beam control command, so as to obtain the distributed coordinated beam strategy of the network-side device. The beam link optimization module is used to perform beamforming on the antenna array of the network-side device based on the beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy, and to perform link optimization on the low-altitude terminal to obtain the enhanced coverage communication link of the network-side device.

2. The 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the beam parameter initialization module executes differential initialization configuration of beamforming parameters based on preset spatial coverage rules and historical coverage data in the network-side device to establish the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device, it is specifically used for: Based on the mapping relationship between priority and boundary in the network-side device, the preset spatial coverage rules are parsed and reconstructed to obtain the rule data of the network-side device. Based on the coverage priority in the rule data, the historical coverage data of the network-side device is used to identify coverage vulnerabilities, thereby obtaining a list of airspace blocks to be enhanced for the network-side device. Based on the spatial geometric characteristics of the list of airspace blocks to be enhanced, the pitch and azimuth ranges of the beams in the network-side equipment are divided into beamforming parameter combinations of the network-side equipment. The beamforming parameter combination is configured in an instance to obtain the initial beam resource pool of the network-side device.

3. The 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the low-altitude data fusion module performs multi-source heterogeneous fusion of periodic measurement reports and environmental perception data from the low-altitude terminal to obtain the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal, it is specifically used for: The periodic measurement reports of the low-altitude terminal are parsed to obtain the signal quality measurement value and terminal location information of the low-altitude terminal. Based on the reference coordinate system and timeline of the low-altitude terminal, the signal quality measurement value and the terminal location information are spatiotemporally aligned with the environmental state data of the low-altitude terminal to obtain the fused data record of the low-altitude terminal. Redundancy is removed from the fused data records, and the low-altitude environmental situation dataset of the low-altitude terminal is obtained by integration.

4. The 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the scene mode determination module executes a real-time service request based on the network-side device and performs mode determination on the low-altitude environment situation dataset to obtain the scene mode identifier of the network-side device, it is specifically used for: The real-time service requests of the network-side device are deconstructed based on service characteristics to obtain a service requirement profile of the network-side device. Based on the service time and space range of the low-altitude terminal, environmental features are extracted from the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the environmental feature profile of the low-altitude terminal. The service requirement profile and the environmental feature profile are matched and mapped to obtain the scenario mode determination result of the network-side device. The scene mode determination result is encapsulated as a scene mode identifier of the network-side device.

5. A 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the beam recursive optimization module executes the following steps: selecting a target service beam from the initial beam resource pool based on the scene mode identifier, and recursively optimizing the beam shape and beam pointing of the target service beam based on the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam control command for the network-side device, the module is specifically used for: Based on the scene mode identifier, the initial beam resource pool is retrieved and called to obtain the beam selection strategy of the network-side device. Based on the beam selection strategy, the candidate beams in the initial beam resource pool are evaluated for scene adaptability, and the candidate service beam set of the network-side device is selected according to the adaptability evaluation results. Based on the service continuity and coverage redundancy requirements of the scenario mode identifier, beam selection is performed on the candidate service beam set to obtain the target service beam of the network-side device. Derivation of requirements is made from the environmental dynamics and terminal movement trends in the low-altitude environmental situation dataset to obtain the beam lobe adjustment requirements and tracking offset of the network-side equipment. Based on the preset communication performance optimization target, the beam adjustment requirements, and the tracking offset, the target service beam is recursively optimized to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device. The optimized shaping parameters are encoded into beam control commands for the network-side device.

6. A 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the beam recursive optimization module performs recursive optimization on the target serving beam based on a preset communication performance optimization objective, the beam lobe adjustment requirements, and the tracking offset to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters for the network-side device, it is specifically used for: Based on the beam adjustment requirements and the tracking offset, the beamforming parameters of the target service beam are corrected to obtain the initial beam parameter adjustment amount of the network-side device. The performance assumptions of the initial beam parameter adjustment are extrapolated to obtain the predicted performance evaluation results of the network-side equipment; The predicted performance evaluation results are compared with the preset communication performance optimization targets to determine whether the optimization targets are met. When the predicted performance evaluation result does not meet the communication performance optimization target, the initial beam parameter adjustment amount is adjusted based on the comparison difference to generate a new round of beam parameter adjustment amount, and the process returns to the performance assumption deduction step. When the predictive performance evaluation result of the beam parameter adjustment amount meets the communication performance optimization target, the beam parameter adjustment amount is marked as the convergence adjustment amount of the network-side device; The convergence adjustment amount and the beamforming parameters of the target serving beam are integrated and updated to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device.

7. A 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the beam recursive optimization module integrates and updates the convergence adjustment amount and the beamforming parameters of the target serving beam to obtain the optimized beamforming parameters of the network-side device, the calculation formula for the optimized beamforming parameters is as follows: ； In the formula, For the optimized shaping parameters, The beamforming parameters for the target serving beam. The convergence adjustment amount, The predicted performance evaluation results, The target performance value for the communication performance optimization objective. The minimum performance threshold for the communication performance optimization objective. This serves as the scene mode identifier. The coverage priority of the network-side devices. The environmental feature profile of the low-altitude terminal is the first one. Key environmental characteristics, For the first The salience of key environmental features within the current service time and space range. This represents the total number of environmental features in the environmental feature profile.

8. A 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the distributed beam coordination module executes the core parameters based on the beam control command to perform cross-node signaling interaction and coordination with adjacent network-side devices of the network-side device to obtain the distributed coordinated beam strategy of the network-side device, it is specifically used for: Based on the cooperative negotiation signaling of the beam control command, link delivery is performed to the adjacent network side devices of the network side device to obtain the cooperative processing flow of the adjacent network side devices. The feedback response of the collaborative processing flow is decoded to obtain the collaborative opinions and constraints of the adjacent network-side devices; By weighing and matching the collaborative opinions and constraints with the coverage intentions of the network-side devices, a collaborative action draft for the network-side devices is obtained; The draft of the cooperative action is strategically arranged to obtain the distributed cooperative beam strategy of the network-side device.

9. A 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When the distributed beam coordination module performs a trade-off and matching process between the coordination opinions and constraints and the coverage intentions of the network-side device to obtain a draft coordination action plan for the network-side device, it is specifically used for: Extract the requirements for target coverage area, service priority, and performance indicators from the coverage intent to obtain the local coverage requirement list of the network-side device; The collaborative opinions are compared item by item with the local coverage requirement list to obtain the comparative analysis results of the network-side devices; Based on preset collaboration priority rules, conflicting items in the comparative analysis results are arbitrated to obtain the final adoption scheme of the network-side device; By integrating the final adopted scheme, the consistent items and supplementary items in the comparative analysis results, and combining them with the constraints, a draft of the collaborative action for the network-side devices is obtained.

10. A 5G-A low-altitude wide-coverage enhanced communication system based on beamforming as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When the beam link optimization module executes beamforming on the antenna array of the network-side device and link optimization on the low-altitude terminal based on the beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy to obtain the enhanced coverage communication link of the network-side device, it is specifically used for: The beam control command and the distributed cooperative beam strategy are jointly parsed to obtain the synthetic control parameters of the network-side device. Signaling interaction is performed on the low-altitude terminal to establish the initial communication link of the network-side equipment; Based on the characteristics of the synthetic control parameters and the current environmental information in the low-altitude environmental situation dataset, the transmission parameters of the initial communication link are optimized for adaptability to obtain the link transmission parameters of the network-side device. By applying the link transmission parameters and maintaining data transmission with the low-altitude terminal through the synthetic control parameters, an enhanced coverage communication link for the network-side device is obtained.

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