Multi-user network access method and system of 5G wireless router

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless Wi-Fi, in particular to a multi-user network access method and system of a 5G wireless router, and the method comprises the steps that the wireless router caches received data packets in a message queue, analyzes the packet headers of the data packets in the message queue, and sends the analyzed packet headers to the wireless router; obtaining a serial number and a service type of each data packet in a data stream to which the data packet belongs in the message queue at the current moment, and recording the moment when each data packet arrives at the message queue; calculating the urgency degree of each data packet; and determining the service sensitivity coefficient of each data packet, obtaining the sensitivity of each data packet, determining the priority of each data packet, and transmitting the data packets in the message queue at the current moment according to the priority. According to the method and the device, the transmission priority of the data packets in the message queue is dynamically adjusted, so that the utilization efficiency of network resources and the use experience of a user are integrally and remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless Wi-Fi technology, specifically to a multi-user network access method and system for a 5G wireless router. Background Technology

[0002] A 5G wireless router is a wireless Wi-Fi device that utilizes fifth-generation mobile communication technology. It primarily enables data transmission between the wireless signals of user terminals and 5G communication base stations, converting the signals from 5G base stations into Wi-Fi signals and providing wireless access for multiple devices.

[0003] In 5G-Wi-Fi, it is often necessary to provide network access services to a large number of user terminal devices simultaneously. Due to the scarcity of wireless channel resources, the time-varying channel state, and the contention for access by multiple users, data packets inevitably queue and buffer in the message queue of the wireless router. In order to achieve a certain degree of fairness and resource utilization, static scheduling strategies such as FIFO or simple round-robin are usually used to manage data packets in the message queue. However, these strategies cannot perceive the changes in load and service types in real time. In scenarios involving multiple users and mixed services, these strategies cannot meet the users' urgent needs for high real-time service fluency. This may lead to excessively long queuing times for some critical tasks, affecting the actual user experience and causing limitations in the fairness of resource scheduling and low resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, a multi-user network access method and system for a 5G wireless router are provided to resolve the existing problems.

[0005] The solution to the technical problem addressed in this application is to provide a multi-user network access method and system for a 5G wireless router, comprising the following steps: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router, the method comprising the following steps: The wireless router buffers the received data packets into a message queue, parses the header of each data packet in the message queue, obtains the sequence number and service type of each data packet in the message queue at the current time in its data stream, and records the time when each data packet arrives in the message queue. For the same data stream, analyze the distribution and average level of the time intervals between the arrival of other data packets in the message queue before the arrival of any data packet in the message queue at the current moment, as well as the queuing time of any data packet, and calculate the urgency of any data packet. Based on the service type of any data packet, the service sensitivity coefficient of any data packet is determined. Combined with the urgency level, the sensitivity of any data packet is obtained. Combined with the sequence number distribution of any data packet in its data stream, the priority of any data packet is determined. Data packets in the message queue at the current moment are transmitted according to the priority.

[0006] Preferably, the service type includes real-time services and non-real-time services.

[0007] Preferably, the queuing time is the time interval between the current moment and the moment when any data packet arrives in the message queue.

[0008] Preferably, calculating the urgency of any data packet includes: Before any given data packet arrives at the message queue, the remaining data packets belonging to the same data stream as that data packet are obtained as the preceding data packets of that given data packet; Arrange the arrival times of all preceding data packets of any given data packet in ascending order of their sequence numbers to form a time series; calculate the dispersion and average value of the time interval between all adjacent elements in the time series. The ratio of the queuing time to the average value is positively mapped; The degree of urgency is positively correlated with the result of the positive mapping, and negatively correlated with the degree of dispersion.

[0009] Preferably, determining the service sensitivity coefficient of any data packet includes: assigning a preset value to the service sensitivity coefficient of data packets for non-real-time services based on the service type of each data packet, while the service sensitivity coefficient of data packets for real-time services is greater than that of data packets for non-real-time services.

[0010] Preferably, the service sensitivity coefficient of data packets for real-time services is: the proportion of all data packets of real-time service type in the message queue at the current moment, and the service sensitivity coefficient of data packets for real-time services is the ratio between the preset value and the proportion.

[0011] Preferably, the sensitivity is the normalized result of the product of the business sensitivity coefficient and the urgency level.

[0012] Preferably, determining the priority of any data packet includes: normalizing the sequence number of any data packet under the same data stream and then performing negative mapping, and fusing the result of the negative mapping with the sensitivity to obtain the priority of any data packet.

[0013] Preferably, the step of transmitting data packets in the message queue according to priority at the current moment includes: sorting all data packets in the message queue in descending order of priority, transmitting the data packet with the highest priority first, and when a new data packet is added to the message queue, retaining a preset number of data packets with the highest priority, recalculating the priority of the remaining data packets and the newly added data packets, and sorting them to transmit the data packets in the message queue.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a multi-user network access system for a 5G wireless router, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any one of the above-described multi-user network access methods for a 5G wireless router.

[0015] This application has at least the following beneficial effects: This application calculates the urgency of each data packet by analyzing its queuing time in the message queue at the current moment, as well as the dispersion and average level of the arrival time interval of its preceding data packets. Its beneficial effect lies in considering the regularity of the arrival time of preceding data packets and the transmission frequency of data packets within the same data stream. It assesses the sensitivity of data packets to queuing anomalies in data streams with high transmission frequency and strong behavioral regularity, preventing transmission anomalies caused by short-term queuing in high-frequency data streams, which could drastically increase their urgency. This ensures that the system can prioritize responding to their transmission needs, fundamentally avoiding stuttering and interruptions in high-frequency services with extremely low queuing tolerance. This addresses issues such as user experience degradation and achieves a higher level of fairness. Determining the service sensitivity coefficient for each data packet has the advantage of assigning significantly higher sensitivity coefficients to real-time service data packets than to non-real-time service data packets based on their service type. This fundamentally identifies and protects critical services with zero tolerance for transmission delays. Furthermore, it considers the proportion of real-time service data packets in the message queue and allocates sensitivity coefficients accordingly. When real-time services are scarce, they are given extremely high priority to ensure a good user experience; when real-time services are abundant, a balance is struck to prevent scheduling failures. This allows the scheduling strategy to intelligently adapt to changes in network load and effectively... This approach prevents scheduling failures caused by relying solely on service type during periods of high real-time service volume. It achieves an intelligent balance between prioritizing and fairly coordinating real-time services under varying network load conditions, significantly improving overall network resource utilization efficiency and user experience under multi-service coexistence. The sensitivity of each data packet is obtained, which, by combining the urgency of the real-time state with the service sensitivity coefficient representing the essence of the service, assesses that data packets simultaneously possess high urgency and high service importance, reflecting the real-time importance of data packets to network resources and user experience from multiple dimensions. Finally, the priority of each data packet is determined, and messages are queued according to this priority at the current moment. The beneficial effect of transmitting data packets in the queue is that it takes into account the transmission stage of the data packets within their respective data streams. Prioritizing the transmission of data packets in the early stages of transmission ensures that users perceive a rapid connection and timely response. By comprehensively considering the real-time urgency of the data packets, the service type, and their critical stage in the data stream, the importance of the data packets and the attention of the user's terminal device are measured. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the transmission priority of data packets in the message queue, ensuring that highly sensitive real-time service packets are transmitted first. This effectively avoids problems such as video stuttering and voice interruptions, thereby significantly improving the overall efficiency of network resource utilization and the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, provides a more detailed explanation of a multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router according to this application.

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router provided in this application embodiment; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for obtaining the sensitivity of each data packet in a message queue at the current moment, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description of a multi-user network access method and system for a 5G wireless router, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, is provided. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router according to an embodiment of this application. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: The wireless router buffers the received data packets into a message queue, parses the header of each data packet in the message queue, obtains the sequence number and service type of each data packet in the message queue at the current time in its respective data stream, and records the time when each data packet arrives in the message queue.

[0021] A 5G wireless router (5G Wi-Fi) can convert 5G wireless signals into high-speed Wi-Fi signals, providing users' terminal devices with high-speed and stable 5G network access services. When a user's terminal device connects for the first time, the user needs to provide a username and password for authentication. After successful authentication, the MAC address of the user's terminal device is bound. Subsequently, when the user's terminal device sends a connection request, the Wi-Fi device matches the user information with the initial MAC address. If a match is found, the terminal device is allowed to connect, providing basic data transmission services; otherwise, the connection is rejected.

[0022] Given that a single Wi-Fi device may store far more terminals than the connection limit in its user directory, when multiple terminal devices need to transmit data simultaneously, it is necessary to fairly allocate limited bandwidth resources to meet the data transmission needs of a large number of users as much as possible and improve the user's connection experience.

[0023] Secondly, Wi-Fi devices can distinguish different terminal devices by their MAC addresses. When multiple terminal devices send data packets to a Wi-Fi device, they are first cached in a message queue and then wait to be transmitted.

[0024] Therefore, the central processing unit of the Wi-Fi device acquires each data packet in the message queue in real time, parses the packet header, and obtains the sequence number and service type of each data packet in its data stream at each time. It also records the time when each data packet arrives at the message queue. The service types are divided into real-time services and non-real-time services. Real-time services include video call data, voice call data, and game data, while non-real-time services include data files, pictures, etc.

[0025] It should be noted that a data stream is a collection of data packets uniquely identified by five elements. The packet header information includes the source IP, destination IP, source port, destination port, and transport protocol. As long as these five elements are exactly the same, these data packets belong to the same data stream. The service type of each data packet can be inferred from the packet header information. For example, data packets identified as RTP, WebRTC, or a specific video conferencing protocol are classified as real-time services; data packets identified as FTP, BitTorrent, or HTTP downloads are classified as non-real-time services.

[0026] Thus, we obtain the sequence number and service type of each data packet in the message queue at each time point, as well as the time when each data packet arrives at the message queue.

[0027] Step 2: For the same data stream, analyze the distribution and average level of the time intervals between the arrival of other data packets in the message queue before the arrival of any data packet in the message queue at the current moment, as well as the queuing time of any data packet, and calculate the urgency of any data packet.

[0028] On the Wi-Fi side, the primary service is provided to multiple terminal devices. This involves receiving data packets from these devices and transmitting them to the 5G base station via the 5G mobile communication channel, thus enabling the terminal devices to connect to the internet. Traditional data transmission methods are mainly based on message queues, forwarding data according to a first-come, first-served basis. However, in practice, different types of service data packets may have varying degrees of time sensitivity. For example, real-time services are highly sensitive to latency, while non-real-time services have a higher tolerance for latency. If a data packet waits too long in the message queue, it may degrade the user experience for real-time services.

[0029] Secondly, the longer a data packet queues in the message queue, the higher its urgency. If a terminal device's data packet remains unprocessed, it will hinder data transmission. Furthermore, since the size of a single data packet to be transmitted by a terminal device is much larger than the data packet size, user data needs to be split into multiple data packets. Based on the message queue's historical records, the urgency is calculated by analyzing the arrival times of other data packets belonging to the same data stream as the current packet, as well as the packet's queueing time. Specifically: Before any data packet arrives at the message queue, the remaining data packets belonging to the same data stream as any given data packet are considered as the preceding data packets of any given data packet. Arrange the arrival times of all preceding data packets of any given data packet in the message queue in ascending order of their sequence numbers to form a time series. Calculate the dispersion of the time interval between all adjacent elements in a time series; In this embodiment, the degree of dispersion is measured by calculating the coefficient of variation of the time interval between all adjacent elements in the time series. The calculation of the coefficient of variation is a well-known technique and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] Calculate the queuing time for any of the data at the current moment; It should be noted that the queuing time is the time interval between the current moment and the moment when any of the data arrives in the message queue.

[0031] Calculate the average of the time intervals between all adjacent elements in a time series; The ratio of the queuing time to the average value is positively mapped; In this embodiment, the specific process of positive mapping is as follows: positive mapping is performed using an exponential function, assuming the ratio of the queuing time to the average value is denoted as... ,but The result is taken as the result of the positive mapping, where, It is an exponential function with the natural constant as the base.

[0032] The urgency of any data packet is positively correlated with the result of the positive mapping, and negatively correlated with the degree of dispersion. It should be noted that a positive correlation means that the dependent variable increases as the independent variable increases and decreases as the independent variable decreases; a negative correlation means that the dependent variable decreases as the independent variable increases and increases as the independent variable decreases.

[0033] In this embodiment, the ratio of the result of the positive mapping to the degree of dispersion is taken as the urgency of any data packet. In other implementations, the implementer can calculate the product of the result of an exponential function with the natural constant as the base and the inverse of the degree of dispersion as the exponent and the result of the positive mapping, and take it as the urgency of any data packet. In this case, the urgency is negatively correlated with the degree of dispersion and positively correlated with the result of the positive mapping.

[0034] It should be noted that if a data packet is the first data packet to arrive in the message queue of a data stream, the dispersion and average value are set to 1. Secondly, the smaller the dispersion, the more evenly and regularly preceding data packets arrive in the message queue before the current time, indicating a lower tolerance for queuing in this data stream. A longer queuing time indicates that the data packet has been waiting in the message queue for a longer period. A smaller average value indicates a shorter average arrival time interval and a faster transmission frequency of preceding data packets. Therefore, the larger the positive mapping result, the longer the queuing time and the faster the transmission frequency of the data packet. To avoid a significant decrease in user experience caused by short queuing in high-frequency data streams, this data packet should be processed first, indicating a greater urgency for the data packets in this data stream.

[0035] This gives us the urgency level of each data packet in the message queue at the current moment.

[0036] Step 3: Determine the service sensitivity coefficient of any data packet based on its service type, and obtain the sensitivity of any data packet by combining the urgency level. Determine the priority of any data packet by combining the sequence number distribution of any data packet in its data stream, and transmit the data packets in the message queue at the current moment according to the priority.

[0037] Furthermore, different data packets have different service types and varying degrees of sensitivity to queuing. Real-time services, such as video calls and video conferencing, are often more sensitive to queuing. If a data packet's queuing time in the message queue is slightly longer, network fluctuations may appear on the terminal device, causing video or audio instability and severely impacting user experience. For non-real-time services, the speed of individual data packet transmission is not a primary concern. Therefore, analyzing the service type of each data packet and considering its urgency, the sensitivity is calculated. The flowchart of the method for obtaining the sensitivity of each data packet in the message queue at the current moment, provided in this application embodiment, is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, specifically: Calculate the percentage of all data packets in the message queue that are real-time services at the current moment; For each data packet whose service type is non-real-time, its service sensitivity coefficient is a preset value; For each data packet of a real-time service type, its service sensitivity coefficient is the ratio between the preset value and the proportion. In this embodiment, the preset value is 1. In other implementation methods, the implementer can set it according to the actual situation.

[0038] It should be noted that if the proportion of data packets for real-time services is small, the difference in service sensitivity coefficients between real-time and non-real-time service data packets will be greater, and the service sensitivity coefficient of real-time service data packets will be greater than that of non-real-time service data packets. If the proportion of data packets for real-time services is large, the difference in service sensitivity coefficients between real-time and non-real-time service data packets will be smaller, but the service sensitivity coefficient of real-time service data packets will still be greater than that of non-real-time service data packets. This is because the proportion is less than or equal to 1, therefore, the service sensitivity coefficient of real-time service data packets is always higher than that of non-real-time service data packets.

[0039] As another embodiment, the service sensitivity coefficient of the data packet can be set manually. Since the service sensitivity coefficient of the data packet for real-time service should always be higher than that of the data packet for non-real-time service, the service sensitivity coefficient of the data packet for real-time service is set to 3, and the service sensitivity coefficient of the data packet for non-real-time service is set to 1. As other implementation methods, the implementer can set it according to the actual situation.

[0040] The normalized result of the product of the business sensitivity coefficient and the urgency level is used as the sensitivity of each data packet in the message queue at the current moment. In this embodiment, the sigmoid function is used for normalization. The sigmoid function is a well-known technique and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] It should be noted that the greater the sensitivity, the more urgent and important the data packet is, and the more it should be prioritized for transmission.

[0042] Furthermore, in actual data transmission, users have different focuses regarding data transmission. When a terminal device has data transmission needs, its sensitivity may generally exhibit a pattern of "high attention in the early stages and low attention in the later stages." Specifically, when a user terminal has a large data transmission demand, it needs to divide the large data into multiple data packets. In the early stages of data packet transmission, the user can see whether the data transmission has started smoothly. Users expect data transmission to start quickly, and any delays or stutters will immediately attract their attention. However, in the later stages of data transmission, the user's sensitivity to transmission usually decreases, and they do not mind if a few data packets are transmitted slowly.

[0043] Based on the above analysis, the priority is calculated by analyzing the sequence number of each data packet in the message queue at the current moment and combining it with sensitivity, specifically as follows: Normalize the sequence number of each data packet under the same data stream and then perform negative mapping. The result of negative mapping is positively fused with the sensitivity and used as the priority of each data packet in the message queue at the current moment. In this embodiment, the maximum-minimum normalization method is used for normalization processing. The maximum-minimum normalization method is a well-known technique and will not be elaborated upon here. The negative mapping process is as follows: negative mapping is performed using an exponential function. Assume the sequence number of each data packet is denoted as... ,but The result is used as the result of the negative mapping, where, The function is an exponential function with the natural constant as the base. As another implementation method, the implementer can perform negative mapping by calculating the reciprocal. Secondly, the specific process of fusion is as follows: the preset first weight and preset second weight are used as weights, and the result of negative mapping and sensitivity are weighted and summed to determine the priority of each data packet in the message queue at the current moment. The sum of the preset first weight and the preset second weight is 1, and the preset first weight is greater than the preset second weight. In this embodiment, the preset first weight is set to 0.4 and the preset second weight is set to 0.6. As another embodiment, positive fusion can also be measured by multiplying the result of negative mapping with the sensitivity.

[0044] It should be noted that the smaller the sequence number, the larger the negative mapping result, indicating that the data packet is located earlier in the transmission stream, the higher the user's attention to its transmission process, and should be transmitted with priority; the higher the priority, the higher the transmission process of the data packet should be processed with priority.

[0045] The message queue is sorted in descending order of priority for all data packets at the current moment, and the highest priority data packet is transmitted first. When a new data packet is added to the message queue, a preset number of data packets with the highest priority are retained, and the priorities of the remaining data packets and the newly added data packets are recalculated and sorted to achieve the forwarding and transmission of data packets in the message queue. In this embodiment, the preset quantity is 5% of the number of all data packets in the message queue at the current moment. In other implementation methods, the implementer can set it according to the actual situation.

[0046] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method, this application embodiment also provides a multi-user network access system for a 5G wireless router, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any one of the above-described multi-user network access methods for a 5G wireless router.

[0047] It should be understood that, although Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order in which these steps are executed, and they can be performed in other orders. Figure 1 At least some of the steps in the process may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0048] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0049] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application, without departing from the content of the technical solution of this application, shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: The wireless router buffers the received data packets into a message queue, parses the header of each data packet in the message queue, obtains the sequence number and service type of each data packet in the message queue at the current time in its data stream, and records the time when each data packet arrives in the message queue. For the same data stream, analyze the distribution and average level of the time intervals between the arrival of other data packets in the message queue before the arrival of any data packet in the message queue at the current moment, as well as the queuing time of any data packet, and calculate the urgency of any data packet. Based on the service type of any data packet, the service sensitivity coefficient of any data packet is determined. Combined with the urgency level, the sensitivity of any data packet is obtained. Combined with the sequence number distribution of any data packet in its data stream, the priority of any data packet is determined. Data packets in the message queue at the current moment are transmitted according to the priority.

2. The multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The service types include real-time services and non-real-time services.

3. The multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The queuing time is the time interval between the current moment and the moment when any data packet arrives in the message queue.

4. A multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the urgency of any data packet includes: Before any given data packet arrives at the message queue, the remaining data packets belonging to the same data stream as that data packet are obtained as the preceding data packets of that given data packet; Arrange the arrival times of all preceding data packets of any given data packet in ascending order of their sequence numbers to form a time series; calculate the dispersion and average value of the time interval between all adjacent elements in the time series. The ratio of the queuing time to the average value is positively mapped; The degree of urgency is positively correlated with the result of the positive mapping, and negatively correlated with the degree of dispersion.

5. A multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the service sensitivity coefficient of any data packet includes: assigning a preset value to the service sensitivity coefficient of data packets for non-real-time services based on the service type of each data packet, while the service sensitivity coefficient of data packets for real-time services is greater than that of data packets for non-real-time services.

6. A multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The service sensitivity coefficient of data packets for real-time services is calculated as the percentage of all data packets of real-time service type in the message queue at the current moment. The service sensitivity coefficient of data packets for real-time services is the ratio between the preset value and the percentage.

7. A multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sensitivity is the normalized result of the product of the business sensitivity coefficient and the urgency level.

8. A multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the priority of any data packet includes: normalizing the sequence number of any data packet under the same data stream and then performing negative mapping, fusing the result of the negative mapping with the sensitivity to obtain the priority of any data packet.

9. A multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method of transmitting data packets in the message queue at the current time according to priority includes: sorting all data packets in the message queue in descending order of priority, transmitting the data packet with the highest priority first, and when a new data packet is added to the message queue, retaining a preset number of data packets with the highest priority, recalculating the priority of the remaining data packets and the newly added data packets, and sorting them to transmit the data packets in the message queue.

10. A multi-user network access system for a 5G wireless router, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the multi-user network access method for a 5G wireless router as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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