Method and apparatus for configuring trigger frame for enabling one STA to transmit at least one TB PPDU in wireless LAN system

Abstract

A method and apparatus for configuring a trigger frame for enabling one STA to transmit at least one TB PPDU in a wireless LAN system are presented. Specifically, a receiving STA receives a trigger frame from a transmitting STA. The receiving STA transmits the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU to the transmitting STA based on the trigger frame. The trigger frame includes a common information field and a user information field. The user information field includes an MCS subfield and a reservation subfield. The MCS subfield includes information on a first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reservation subfield includes information on a second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU. The information about the second MCS is information about a relative modulation order with respect to the first MCS.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present specification relates to a transmission technique for a plurality of PPDUs to which different PHY parameters are applied in a wireless LAN system, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for configuring a trigger frame to enable one STA to transmit one or more TB PPDUs. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wireless local area networks (WLANs) have been improved in various ways. For example, the IEEE 802.11ax standard proposes an improved communication environment using orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and downlink multi-user multiple input multiple output (DL MU MIMO) technology.

[0003] The present specification proposes technical features that can be utilized in a new communication standard. For example, the new communication standard can be an Extremely High Throughput (EHT) standard that is currently under discussion. The EHT standard can use newly proposed increased bandwidth, enhanced PHY layer protocol data unit (PPDU) structure, enhanced sequence, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) scheme, etc. The EHT standard can be referred to as the IEEE 802.11be standard.

[0004] In the new wireless LAN standard, an increased number of spatial streams can be used. In this case, in order to properly use the increased number of spatial streams, it can be necessary to improve the signaling technique in the WLAN system. SUMMARY

[0005] TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0006] The present specification proposes a method and apparatus for configuring a trigger frame to enable one STA to transmit one or more TB PPDUs in a wireless LAN system.

[0007] TECHNICAL SOLUTION

[0008] Examples of the present specification propose a method for configuring a trigger frame to enable one STA to transmit one or more TB PPDUs.

[0009] The present embodiment can be executed in a network environment that supports a next-generation wireless LAN system (an Ultra High Reliability (UHR) wireless LAN system or a next Wi-Fi). The next-generation wireless LAN system is an improved version of the 802.11be system and can satisfy backward compatibility with the 802.11be system.

[0010] The present embodiment is executed at a receiving STA, and the receiving STA can correspond to at least one station (STA). A transmitting STA can correspond to an access point (AP).

[0011] The present embodiment proposes a method for configuring a trigger frame that triggers a plurality of PPDUs to which different PHY parameters are applied. In particular, the present embodiment proposes a method for configuring a user field for one STA in a trigger frame so that one STA can transmit one or more TB PPDUs to which different MCSs are applied. The transmission technology of a plurality of PPDUs to which different PHY parameters are applied can be referred to as a multi-layer transmission technology. In the 802.11bn wireless LAN system, the multi-layer transmission technology is discussed as a non-uniform modulation / MCS (UEQM) method that utilizes changing the modulation order per (M)RU or per spatial stream. The multi-layer transmission technology can be used to achieve the goal of supporting Wi-Fi 8 (UHR) with high reliability.

[0012] A receiving station (STA) receives a trigger frame from a transmitting STA.

[0013] The receiving STA transmits first and second trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) to the transmitting STA based on the trigger frame.

[0014] The trigger frame includes a common information field and a user information field.

[0015] The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield.

[0016] The MCS subfield includes information about a first MCS applied to a first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about a second MCS applied to a second TB PPDU. The information about the second MCS is information about a relative modulation order to the first MCS.

[0017] Previously, one TB PPDU can be allocated to a single receiving STA (receiving STA) through one user information field in a trigger frame, and the TB PPDU is transmitted and received. However, the present embodiment proposes a method in which two (or more) TB PPDUs to which different PHY parameters (MCS) are applied are allocated to a single receiving STA through one user information field in a trigger frame and are transmitted and received.

[0018] Advantages

[0019] According to the embodiments proposed in the present specification, a plurality of PPDUs can be transmitted and received by applying different PHY parameters according to channel conditions, thereby improving overall channel efficiency and throughput. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Examples of the transmitting apparatus and / or the receiving apparatus of the present specification are illustrated.

[0021] Figure 2is a conceptual diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0022] Figure 3 A general link setup procedure is illustrated.

[0023] Figure 4 An example of a multi-link (ML) is shown.

[0024] Figure 5 An example of a physical protocol data unit or physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) transmitted / received by a STA of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating a layout of resource units (RUs) for a 20 MHz PPDU.

[0026] Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating a layout of resource units (RUs) for a 40 MHz PPDU.

[0027] Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating a layout of resource units (RUs) for an 80 MHz PPDU.

[0028] Figure 9 Operations related to UL-MU are shown.

[0029] Figure 10 Examples of channels used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band are illustrated.

[0030] Figure 11 Examples of channels used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band are illustrated.

[0031] Figure 12 Examples of channels used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band are illustrated.

[0032] Figure 13 An example of a header of a MAC frame is shown.

[0033] Figure 14 Examples of modified transmitting apparatuses and / or receiving apparatuses of the present specification are illustrated.

[0034] Figure 15 Examples of trigger frame formats are illustrated.

[0035] Figure 16 Examples of HE variant common information field formats are illustrated.

[0036] Figure 17 Examples of EHT variant common information field formats are illustrated.

[0037] Figure 18 FIG. illustrates an example of a special user info field format.

[0038] Figure 19 FIG. illustrates an example of a HE variant user info field format.

[0039] Figure 20 FIG. illustrates an example of an EHT variant user info field format.

[0040] Figure 21 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a transmitting apparatus according to the present embodiment.

[0041] Figure 22 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a receiving apparatus according to the present embodiment.

[0042] Figure 23 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for configuring a trigger frame to enable one STA to transmit one or more TB PPDUs according to the present embodiment.

[0043] Figure 24 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for receiving a trigger frame to enable one STA to transmit one or more TB PPDUs according to the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In the present disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In other words, in the present disclosure, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B, or C" can mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0045] The slash ( / ) or comma used in the present disclosure can mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Thus, "A / B" can mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0046] In the present disclosure, "at least one of A and B" can mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In addition, in the present disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" can be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0047] The bracket used in the present disclosure can mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "control information (UHR-signal field)", it can mean that "UHR-signal field" is proposed as an example of "control information". In other words, the "control information" of the present disclosure is not limited to "UHR-signal field", and "UHR-signal field" can be proposed as an example of "control information". In addition, when indicated as "control information (i.e., UHR-signal field)", it can also mean that "UHR-signal field" is proposed as an example of "control information".

[0048] In addition, "one" as used in the present disclosure can mean "at least one" or "one or more". In addition, a term ending with "(s)" can mean "at least one" or "one or more"

[0049] In addition, the expression "based on" or "based on" or "according to" as used in the present disclosure means "at least partially based on", not "only based on".

[0050] The technical features described individually in one drawing in the present disclosure can be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0051] The following examples of the present disclosure can be applied to various wireless communication systems. For example, the following examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless local area network (WLAN) system. For example, the present disclosure can be applied to IEEE 802.11 a / g / n / ac / ax / be / bn standards. In addition, the examples of the present disclosure can also be applied to an enhanced ultra-high reliability (UHR) standard or a next-generation wireless LAN standard of IEEE 802.11 bn. In addition, the examples of the present disclosure can also be applied to a new WLAN standard enhanced from the EHT standard or the IEEE 802.11 be standard. In addition, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a mobile communication system. For example, it can be applied to a long-term evolution (LTE) based mobile communication system, which depends on the third generation partnership project (3GPP) standard and is based on the evolution of LTE. In addition, the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a communication system based on the 3GPP standard of the 5G NR standard.

[0052] Hereinafter, in order to describe the technical features of the present disclosure, technical features suitable for the present disclosure will be described.

[0053] Figure 1 Examples of a transmitting apparatus and / or a receiving apparatus of the present disclosure are shown.

[0054] In Figure 1 In the examples of the present disclosure, various technical features described below can be performed. Figure 1At least one station (STA) is involved. For example, STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various terms such as mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transceiver unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, or simply user. STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various terms such as network, base station, Node B, access point (AP), repeater, router, relay, etc. STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure may also be referred to by various names such as receiving device, transmitting device, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving equipment, transmitting equipment, etc.

[0055] For example, STA 110 and 120 can be used as AP or non-AP. That is, STA 110 and 120 of this disclosure can be used as AP and / or non-AP. In this disclosure, AP can be indicated as AP STA.

[0056] In addition to the IEEE 802.11 standard, the STAs 110 and 120 of this disclosure can together support various communication standards. For example, they can support communication standards based on 3GPP standards (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standards). Furthermore, the STAs of this disclosure can be implemented in various devices such as mobile phones, vehicles, and personal computers. Additionally, the STAs of this disclosure can support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communication, and autonomous driving.

[0057] The STA 110 and 120 disclosed herein may include media access control (MAC) conforming to the IEEE 802.11 standard and a physical layer interface for radio media.

[0058] The following will refer to Figure 1 The subgraph (a) is used to describe STA 110 and 120.

[0059] The first STA 110 may include a processor 111, a memory 112, and a transceiver 113. The illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may be implemented as separate chips, or at least two blocks / functions may be implemented as a single chip.

[0060] The transceiver 113 of the first STA performs signal transmission / reception operations. Specifically, it can transmit / receive IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be, etc.).

[0061] For example, the first STA 110 can perform operations expected of an AP. For example, the processor 111 of the AP can receive signals through the transceiver 113, process the received (RX) signals, generate transmit (TX) signals, and provide control for signal transmission. The memory 112 of the AP can store signals received through the transceiver 113 (e.g., RX signals), and can store signals to be transmitted through the transceiver (e.g., TX signals).

[0062] For example, the second STA 120 can perform operations expected of a non-AP STA. For example, the transceiver 123 of the non-AP performs signal transmission / reception operations. Specifically, IEEE 802.11 packets (e.g., IEEE 802.11a / b / g / n / ac / ax / be packets, etc.) can be transmitted / received.

[0063] For example, the processor 121 of the non-AP STA can receive signals through the transceiver 123, process the RX signals, generate TX signals, and provide control for signal transmission. The memory 122 of the non-AP STA can store signals received through the transceiver 123 (e.g., RX signals), and can store signals to be transmitted through the transceiver (e.g., TX signals).

[0064] For example, operations of a device indicated as an AP in the disclosure described below can be performed in the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For example, if the first STA 110 is an AP, operations of a device indicated as an AP can be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and related signals can be transmitted or received through the transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. In addition, control information related to the operations of the AP or TX / RX signals of the AP can be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110. In addition, if the second STA 120 is an AP, operations of a device indicated as an AP can be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and related signals can be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. In addition, control information related to the operations of the AP or TX / RX signals of the AP can be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120.

[0065] For example, in the disclosure described below, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP (or user STA) can be performed in the first STA 110 or the second STA 120. For example, if the second STA 120 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP can be controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and the related signal can be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120. In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the TX / RX signal of the non-AP can be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120. For example, if the first STA 110 is a non-AP, the operation of the device indicated as a non-AP can be controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and the related signal can be transmitted or received through the transceiver 113 controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110. In addition, control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the TX / RX signal of the non-AP can be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.

[0066] In the disclosure described below, the device referred to as a (transmitting / receiving) STA, a first STA, a second STA, STA1, STA2, an AP, a first AP, a second AP, AP1, AP2, a (transmitting / receiving) terminal, a (transmitting / receiving) device, a (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, a network, etc. can imply the STA 110 and 120 of Figure 1 . For example, the device indicated as (but not specifically numbered) a (transmitting / receiving) STA, a first STA, a second STA, STA1, STA2, an AP, a first AP, a second AP, AP1, AP2, a (transmitting / receiving) terminal, a (transmitting / receiving) device, a (transmitting / receiving) apparatus, a network, etc. can imply the STA 110 and 120 of Figure 1 . For example, in the following examples, the operation of various STAs to transmit / receive a signal (e.g., PPDU) can be performed in the transceiver 113 and 123 of Figure 1 . In addition, in the following examples, the operation of various STAs to generate a TX / RX signal or to perform data processing and calculation in advance for a TX / RX signal can be performed in the processor 111 and 121 of Figure 1the processor 111 and 121. For example, examples of operations for generating TX / RX signals or performing data processing and calculations in advance can include: 1) operations of determining / obtaining / configuring / calculating / decoding / encoding bit information of subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in a PPDU; 2) operations of determining / configuring / obtaining time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) or the like for subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in a PPDU; 3) operations of determining / configuring / obtaining specific sequences (e.g., pilot sequences, STF / LTF sequences, additional sequences applied to SIG) or the like for subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, data) included in a PPDU; 4) power control operations and / or power saving operations applied to STAs; and 5) operations related to determination / obtaining / configuring / decoding / encoding of ACK signals or the like. In addition, in the following examples, various information (e.g., information related to fields / subfields / control fields / parameters / power or the like) used by various STAs to determine / obtain / configure / calculate / decode / decode TX / RX signals can be stored in the memory 112 and 122 of Figure 1 .

[0067] Figure 1 The aforementioned devices / STAs of subfigure (a) can be modified as shown in subfigure (b) of Figure 1 . Hereinafter, the STAs 110 and 120 of the present disclosure will be described based on subfigure (b) of Figure 1 .

[0068] For example, Figure 1 The transceivers 113 and 123 shown in subfigure (b) can perform the same functions as the aforementioned transceivers shown in subfigure (a) of Figure 1 . For example, Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in subfigure (b) can include the processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122. Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 shown in subfigure (b) can perform the same functions as the aforementioned processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 shown in subfigure (a) of Figure 1 .

[0069] The mobile terminal, wireless device, wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber unit, user, user STA, network, base station, Node-B, access point (AP), transponder, router, relay, receiving unit, transmitting unit, receiving STA, transmitting STA, receiving device, transmitting device, receiving means and / or transmitting means described below can meanFigure 1 The STA 110 and 120 shown in subgraphs (a) / (b) may mean, or Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 are shown in sub-figure (b). That is, the technical features of this disclosure can be... Figure 1 It can be performed in STA 110 and 120 as shown in subgraphs (a) / (b), or it can be performed only in Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-diagram (b) are executed Figure 1 Transceivers 113 and 123 are shown in sub-diagrams (a) and (b). For example, the technical features of transmitting control signals by a STA can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 The transceiver 113 shown in sub-diagrams (a) / (b) transmits in Figure 1 The technical features of the control signals generated in processors 111 and 121 are illustrated in sub-figures (a) and (b). Alternatively, the technical features of the STA transmitting control signals can be understood as follows: Figure 1 The technical features of generating control signals to be transmitted to transceivers 113 and 123 in processing chips 114 and 124 are shown in sub-figure (b).

[0070] For example, the technical characteristics of receiving STA control signals can be understood as through... Figure 1 The technical features of transceivers 113 and 123 receiving control signals are shown in sub-figure (a). Alternatively, the technical features of receiving STA control signals can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 Processors 111 and 121 shown in subgraph (a) obtain Figure 1 The technical features of the control signals received in transceivers 113 and 123 shown in sub-figure (a) are illustrated. Alternatively, the technical features of receiving control signals by the STA can be understood as being achieved through... Figure 1 The processing chips 114 and 124 shown in sub-figure (b) obtain Figure 1 Technical features of the control signals received in transceivers 113 and 123 as shown in sub-figure (b).

[0071] refer to Figure 1 Subgraph (b), software codes 115 and 125 can be included in memories 112 and 122. Software codes 115 and 125 can include instructions for controlling the operation of processors 111 and 121. Software codes 115 and 125 can be included in various programming languages.

[0072] Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or processing chips 114 and 124 may include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices. The processor may be an application processor (AP). For example,Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or processing chips 114 and 124 may include at least one of the following: a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modulator and demodulator (modem). For example, Figure 1 The processors 111 and 121 or the processor chips 114 and 124 may be SNAPDRAGON™ series processors manufactured by Qualcomm®, EXYNOS™ series processors manufactured by Samsung®, A series processors manufactured by Apple®, HELIO™ series processors manufactured by MediaTek®, ATOM™ series processors manufactured by Intel®, or processors enhanced from these processors.

[0073] In this disclosure, an uplink can mean a link used for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and uplink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc., can be transmitted via the uplink. Similarly, in this disclosure, a downlink can mean a link used for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDUs / packets / signals, etc., can be transmitted via the downlink.

[0074] Figure 1 This is a conceptual diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless local area network (WLAN).

[0075] Figure 1 The upper part of the diagram illustrates the structure of the Infrastructure Basic Services Set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.

[0076] Figure 1 The upper part of the diagram illustrates the structure of the Infrastructure Basic Services Set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.

[0077] refer to Figure 1 The upper part of the wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSS 200 and 205 (hereinafter referred to as BSS). BSS 200 and 205, as a set of APs and STAs (e.g., access point (AP) 225 and station (STA1) 200-1) that have successfully synchronized to communicate with each other, are not concepts indicating a specific area. BSS 205 may include one or more STAs 205-1 and 205-2 that can join an AP 230.

[0078] BSS may include at least one STA, APs 255 and 230 that provide distributed services, and a distributed system (DS) 210 that connects multiple APs.

[0079] Distributed system 210 can implement an Extended Service Set (ESS) 240 that is expanded by connecting multiple BSSs 200 and 205. ESS 240 can be used as a term to refer to a network configured by connecting one or more APs 225 or 230 via distributed system 210. APs included in an ESS 240 can have the same Service Set Identifier (SSID).

[0080] Portal 220 can be used as a bridge to connect a wireless LAN network (IEEE 802.11) to another network (e.g., 802.X).

[0081] exist Figure 1 The BSS shown at the top allows for networking between APs 225 and 230, as well as between APs 225 and 230 and STAs 200-1, 205-1, and 205-2. However, it also allows for networking between STAs to perform communication even without APs 225 and 230. Networks that enable communication between STAs by configuring networks even without APs 225 and 230 are defined as self-organizing networks or Independent Basic Service Sets (IBSS).

[0082] Figure 1 The lower part of the diagram shows a concept map, illustrating IBSS.

[0083] refer to Figure 1 The lower part of the IBSS is a BSS that operates in a self-organizing mode. Since the IBSS does not include access points (APs), there is no centralized management entity performing management functions at the center. That is, in the IBSS, STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 are managed in a distributed manner. In the IBSS, all STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 can be composed of mobile STAs, and access to DS to form a self-contained network is not permitted.

[0084] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the typical link establishment process.

[0085] In S310, the STA can perform network discovery operations. Network discovery operations can include scanning operations by the STA. That is, in order to access a network, the STA needs to discover participating networks. The process of identifying compatible networks before joining a wireless network and identifying networks existing in a specific area is called scanning. Scanning methods include active scanning and passive scanning.

[0086] Figure 2The diagram illustrates the network discovery process in active scanning. In active scanning, the STA performing the scan sends a probe request frame and waits for a response to it, in order to identify which APs are nearby while moving to a new channel. The responder sends a probe response frame to the STA that sent the probe request frame as a response. Here, the responder can be the STA in the BSS of the channel being scanned that sent the last beacon frame. In the BSS, the AP is the responder because it sends the beacon frame. In the IBSS, the responder is not fixed because the STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames. For example, when an STA sends a probe request frame via channel 1 and receives a probe response frame via channel 1, the STA can store the BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame, move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2), and perform a scan in the same way (e.g., sending a probe request and receiving a probe response via channel 2).

[0087] Although Figure 2 As not shown, scanning can be performed using a passive scanning method. In passive scanning, the STA performing the scan can wait for beacon frames while moving to a channel. Beacon frames are one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11 and are periodically sent to indicate the presence of a wireless network and enable the STA performing the scan to find and join the wireless network. In a BSS, the AP periodically sends beacon frames. In an IBSS, STAs in the IBSS take turns sending beacon frames. Upon receiving a beacon frame, the STA performing the scan stores information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and records the beacon frame information for each channel, while moving to another channel. The STA receiving the beacon frame can store the BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame, can move to the next channel, and can perform a scan on the next channel using the same method.

[0088] After network discovery, the STA can perform authentication processing in S320. This authentication processing can be referred to as the first authentication processing to clearly distinguish it from the subsequent security establishment operation in S340. The authentication processing in S320 may include the STA sending an authentication request frame to the AP and the AP sending an authentication response frame to the STA in response. The authentication frame used for the authentication request / response is a management frame.

[0089] An authentication frame may include information about the authentication algorithm number, authentication transaction sequence number, status code, challenge text, robust security network (RSN), and finite cyclic group.

[0090] The STA can send an authentication request frame to the AP. The AP can determine whether to allow the STA's authentication based on the information included in the received authentication request frame. The AP can then provide the authentication processing result to the STA via an authentication response frame.

[0091] When a STA is successfully authenticated, it can perform association processing in S330. Association processing includes the STA sending an association request frame to the AP, and the AP responding by sending an association response frame to the STA. For example, the association request frame may include information about various capabilities, beacon listening interval, service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, mobile domain, supported operation classes, service indication map (TIM) broadcast request, and interoperability service capabilities. Similarly, the association response frame may include information about various capabilities, status codes, association ID (AID), supported rates, enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) parameter set, received channel power indicator (RCPI), received signal-to-noise ratio indicator (RSNI), mobile domain, timeout interval (association recovery time), overlapping BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, and QoS map.

[0092] In the S340, the STA can perform security establishment processes. The security establishment processes in the S340 may include the process of establishing a private key via a four-way handshake (e.g., via Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAPOL) frames over the LAN).

[0093] Figure 2 An example of multi-link (ML) is shown.

[0094] like Figure 2 As illustrated, multiple multi-link devices (MLDs) can communicate via a remote link. MLDs can be classified as AP MLDs, which include multiple AP STAs, and non-AP MLDs, which include multiple non-AP STAs. That is, an AP MLD may include affiliated APs (i.e., AP STAs), and a non-AP MLD may include affiliated STAs (i.e., non-AP STAs or user STAs).

[0095] A multi-link system can include a first link and a second link, and different channel / subchannel / frequency resources can be allocated to the first link and the second link. The first and second multi-links can be identified by a 4-bit (or other n-bit) link ID. The first and second links can be configured in the same 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or 6 GHz frequency band. Alternatively, the first and second links can be configured in different frequency bands.

[0096] Figure 2 The AP MLD includes three affiliated APs. Figure 2 In the example, AP1 can operate in the 2.4 GHz band, AP2 can operate in the 5 GHz band, and AP3 can operate in the 6 GHz band. Figure 3In the example, the first link in which AP1 and non-AP1 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 2.4 GHz band. Furthermore, in Figure 3 In the example, the second link in which AP2 and non-AP2 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 5 GHz band. Furthermore, in Figure 3 In the example, the third link in which AP3 and non-AP3 operate can be defined as a channel / subchannel / frequency resource within the 6GHz band.

[0097] exist Figure 4 In the example, AP1 can initiate the multi-link establishment process (ML establishment process) by sending an association request frame to a non-AP STA1. Figure 4 In the example, a non-AP STA1 can send an association response frame in response to an association request frame. Figure 4 The individual APs shown (e.g., AP1 / 2 / 3) can be compared with... Figure 4 and / or Figure 4 The APs shown are the same, and Figure 4 The various non-APs shown (e.g., non-AP1 / 2 / 3) can be compared with... Figure 4 and / or Figure 4 The STAs shown are the same (i.e., user STAs or non-AP STAs).

[0098] The specific features of this disclosure are not limited to Figure 4 The specific characteristics are as follows. That is, the number of links can be defined in various ways, and multiple links can be defined in at least one frequency band in various ways.

[0099] Figure 4 Examples of Physical Protocol Data Units or Physical Layer (PHY) Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) transmitted / received by the STA of this disclosure are shown.

[0100] The STA (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA, AP MLD, non-AP MLD) disclosed herein can send and / or receive. Figure 1 The PPDU described in this disclosure may have, for example... Figure 2 The structure is as follows. Furthermore, the PPDU described in this disclosure may be referred to by various names, such as transmit PPDU, receive PPDU, type 1 or type N PPDU, etc. The PPDU described in this disclosure can be used in WLAN systems defined according to IEEE 802.11bn and / or in next-generation WLAN systems that improve upon IEEE 802.11bn.

[0101] Figure 4 The PPDU can encompass various PPDU types used in UHR systems. For example,Figure 1 Examples can be used for at least one of the following modes related to channel detection: single-user (SU) mode / type / transmission, multi-user (MU) mode / type / transmission, and null packet (NDP) mode / type / transmission. For example, if Figure 2 If the example involves NDP, the data fields shown can be omitted. Figure 4 The PPDU is used in trigger-based (TB) mode and can be omitted. Figure 5 The UHR-SIG. In other words, a STA that has received a trigger frame for uplink-MU (UL-MU) communication can send a UHR-SIG. Figure 5 The UHR-SIG PPDU is omitted in the example.

[0102] exist Figure 5 In this context, L-STF or UHR-LTF can be referred to as a preamble or physical preamble, and can be generated / transmitted / received / acquired / decoded at the physical layer (including in the transmit / receive STA).

[0103] Figure 5 The blocks shown in the diagram can be referred to as fields / subfields / signals, etc. These fields / subfields / signals can be named as Traditional Short Training Field (L-STF), Traditional Long Training Field (L-LTF), Traditional Signal (L-SIG), Repeated L-SIG (RL-SIG), Universal Signal (U-SIG), UHR Signal (UHR-SIG), etc. Figure 5 As shown in the diagram.

[0104] Figure 5 The subcarrier spacing of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields can be determined to be 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields can be determined to be 78.125 kHz. That is, the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and UHR-SIG fields can be represented in units of 312.5 kHz, and the tone index (or subcarrier index) of the UHR-STF, UHR-LTF, and Data fields can be represented in units of 78.125 kHz.

[0105] exist Figure 5 In the PPDU, the L-LTF and L-STF can be the same as those in the conventional domain (e.g., non-HT LTF and non-HT STF defined in conventional WLAN standards).

[0106] Figure 6The L-SIG field can include, for example, 24 bits of bit information. For instance, the 24 bits could include a 4-bit ratio field, a 1-bit reserved bit, a 12-bit length field, a 1-bit parity bit, and a 6-bit tail bit. For example, the 12-bit length field could include information related to the length or duration of the PPDU. For example, the 12-bit length field can be determined based on the type of PPDU. For example, when the PPDU is a Non-High Throughput (HT), High Throughput (HT), Very High Throughput (VHT) PPDU, Extremely High Throughput (EHT) PPDU, or UHR PPDU, the value of the length field can be determined to be a multiple of 3. For example, when the PPDU is an HE PPDU, the length field can be determined to be a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2. In other words, for non-HT, HT, VHT, EHT, or UHR PPDUs, the length field value can be set to a multiple of 3, and for high-efficiency (HE) PPDUs, the length field value can be set to either a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2. In other words, the LENGTH field in a UHR PPDU is set to a value that satisfies the condition that LENGTH divided by 3 leaves a remainder of 0.

[0107] For example, a (non-AP and AP) STA can apply BCC encoding based on a 1 / 2 coding rate to the 24 bits of information in the L-SIG field. The transmitting STA then obtains 48 bits of BCC encoded bits. BPSK modulation can be applied to these 48 encoded bits to generate 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA can map these 48 BPSK symbols to positions other than the pilot subcarriers {subcarrier indices -21, -7, +7, +21} and the DC subcarrier {subcarrier index 0}. As a result, the 48 BPSK symbols can be mapped to subcarrier indices -26 to -22, -20 to -8, -6 to -1, +1 to +6, +8 to +20, and +22 to +26. The transmitting STA can additionally map the signal {-1, -1, -1, 1} to subcarrier indices {-28, -27, +27, +28}. The aforementioned signals can be used for channel estimation in the frequency domain corresponding to {-28, -27, +27, +28}.

[0108] For example, a (non-AP and AP) STA can generate an RL-SIG in the same way as the L-SIG. BPSK modulation can be applied to the RL-SIG. Based on the presence of the RL-SIG, the (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the RX PPDU is an HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU. In other words, if the RL-SIG is present, the receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the received PPDU is one of an HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, or UHR PPDU. In other words, if the RL-SIG is not present, the receiving (non-AP and AP) STA can know that the received PPDU is one of a non-HT PPDU, HT PPDU, or VHT PPDU. In other words, the RL-SIG field is a repetition of the L-SIG field and is used to distinguish UHR PPDUs from non-HT PPDUs, HT PPDUs, and VHT PPDUs.

[0109] Universal SIG (U-SIG) can be inserted in Figure 5 Following RL-SIG, U-SIG can be referred to by various terms such as First SIG Field, First SIG, First Type SIG, Control Signal, Control Signal Field, First (Type) Control Signal, Common Control Field, Common Control Field, etc.

[0110] U-SIG can include N bits of information and may include information to identify the type of EHT PPDU. For example, U-SIG can be configured based on two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols). Each symbol used for U-SIG (e.g., an OFDM symbol) can have a duration of 4 μs. Each symbol of U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information. For example, each symbol of U-SIG can be transmitted / received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.

[0111] Through U-SIG, for example, A bits of information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) can be transmitted. The first symbol of U-SIG can transmit the first X bits of the A bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits), and the second symbol of U-SIG can transmit the remaining Y bits of the A bits of information (e.g., 26 uncoded bits). For example, the transmitting STA can obtain the 26 uncoded bits included in each U-SIG symbol. The transmitting STA can perform convolutional coding (i.e., BCC coding) based on a ratio of R=1 / 2 to generate 52 coded bits, and can perform interleaving on the 52 coded bits. The transmitting STA can perform BPSK modulation on the interleaved 52 coded bits to generate 52 BPSK symbols to be assigned to each U-SIG symbol. A U-SIG symbol can be transmitted based on 65 tones (subcarriers) from subcarrier index -28 to subcarrier index +28, except for DC index 0. The 52 BPSK symbols generated by the transmitting STA can be transmitted based on the remaining tones (subcarriers) other than the pilot tone, namely tones -21, -7, +7, and +21.

[0112] For example, the A-bit information generated by U-SIG (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) may include a CRC field (e.g., a 4-bit field) and a tail field (e.g., a 6-bit field). The CRC and tail fields can be sent via a second symbol of U-SIG. The CRC field can be generated based on the 26 bits allocated to the first symbol of U-SIG and the remaining 16 bits from the second symbol excluding the CRC / tail field, and can be generated based on a conventional CRC calculation algorithm. Additionally, the tail field can be used to terminate the trellis of the convolutional decoder and can be set to, for example, "000000".

[0113] The A-bit information (e.g., 52 uncoded bits) sent by U-SIG (or the U-SIG field) can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits. For example, version-independent bits can have a fixed or variable size. For example, version-independent bits can be assigned only to the first symbol of U-SIG, or version-independent bits can be assigned to both the first and second symbols of U-SIG. For example, version-independent bits and version-dependent bits can be referred to using various terms such as first control bit, second control bit, etc.

[0114] For example, the version-independent bits of the U-SIG can include a 3-bit PHY version identifier. For example, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can include information related to the PHY version of the TX / RX PPDU. For example, the first value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier (e.g., a value of 000) can indicate that the TX / RX PPDU is an EHT PPDU. Furthermore, the second value of the 3-bit PHY version identifier (e.g., a value of 001) can indicate that the TX / RX PPDU is a UHR PPDU.

[0115] In other words, when an (AP / non-AP) STA sends an EHT PPDU, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can be set to a first value, and when an (AP / non-AP) STA sends a UHR PPDU, the 3-bit PHY version identifier can be set to a second value. In other words, the receiving (AP / non-AP) STA can determine that the received PPDU is an EHT PPDU based on the PHY version identifier with the first value, and can determine that the received PPDU is a UHR PPDU based on the PHY version identifier with the second value.

[0116] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL / DL flag field. The first value of the 1-bit UL / DL flag field is related to UL communication, and the second value of the UL / DL flag field is related to DL communication.

[0117] For example, the version-independent bits of U-SIG can include information related to the transmission opportunity (TXOP) length and information related to the BSS color ID.

[0118] For example, if the UHR PPDU is classified into various types (e.g., types related to SU transmission (based on UL or DL), types related to DL transmission, types related to NDP transmission, types related to DL non-MU-MIMO, types related to DL MU-MIMO, types related to multi-AP operation, types related to Co-BF beamforming (Co-BF), spatial reuse (SR), types related to Co-OFDMA (C-OFDMA), and types related to Co-TDMA (Co-TDMA), then information about the type of UHR PPDU (e.g., 2-bit or 3-bit information) can be included in the version-related bits of the U-SIG.

[0119] For example, U-SIG may include: 1) a bandwidth field including information related to bandwidth; 2) a field including information related to the modulation and demodulation scheme (MCS) applied to UHR-SIG; 3) an indication field including information related to whether a dual subcarrier modulation (DCM) scheme is applied to UHR-SIG; 4) a field including information related to the number of symbols used for UHR-SIG; 5) a field including information related to whether UHR-SIG is generated across the entire frequency band; 6) a field including information related to the type of UHR-LTF / STF; and 7) information related to fields indicating the length of UHR-LTF and the length of CP.

[0120] Can be Figure 5 The PPDU uses a preamble puncturing. A preamble puncturing means that the puncturing is applied to a portion of the full frequency band (e.g., the secondary 20 MHz band). For example, when transmitting an 80 MHz PPDU, the STA can apply puncturing to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band, and can transmit the PPDU only through the primary 20 MHz band and the secondary 40 MHz band.

[0121] For example, the pattern of the preamble perforation can be pre-configured. For example, when applying the first perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the 80 MHz band. For example, when applying the second perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to any one of the two secondary 20 MHz bands within the secondary 40 MHz band included in the 80 MHz band. For example, when applying the third perforation pattern, perforation can be applied only to the secondary 20 MHz band within the primary 80 MHz band included in the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band). For example, when applying the fourth perforation pattern, perforation can be applied to at least one 20 MHz channel that does not belong to the primary 40 MHz band, provided that the primary 40 MHz band within the 80 MHz band included in the 160 MHz band (or 80+80 MHz band) is present.

[0122] Information related to the prelead puncture applied to the PPDU can be included in the U-SIG and / or UHR-SIG. For example, the first field of the U-SIG may include information related to continuous bandwidth, and the second field of the U-SIG may include information related to the prelead puncture applied to the PPDU.

[0123] For example, based on the following method, U-SIG and UHR-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures. When the bandwidth of the PPDU exceeds 80 MHz, U-SIG can be configured individually in 80 MHz units. For example, when the bandwidth of the PPDU is 160 MHz, the PPDU can include a first U-SIG for a first 80 MHz band and a second U-SIG for a second 80 MHz band. In this case, the first field of the first U-SIG can include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the first U-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead puncture pattern). Additionally, the first field of the second U-SIG can include information related to the 160 MHz bandwidth, and the second field of the second U-SIG can include information related to prelead punctures applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead puncture pattern). Meanwhile, the UHR-SIG consecutive with the first U-SIG may include information related to the prelead via applied to the second 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead via pattern), and the UHR-SIG consecutive with the second U-SIG may include information related to the prelead via applied to the first 80 MHz band (i.e., information related to the prelead via pattern).

[0124] Additionally or alternatively, U-SIG and UHR-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture, based on the following method: U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture for all frequency bands (i.e., information related to the preamble puncture pattern). That is, UHR-SIG may not include information related to the preamble puncture, while only U-SIG may include information related to the preamble puncture (i.e., information related to the preamble puncture pattern).

[0125] U-SIGs can be configured in 20 MHz units. For example, when an 80 MHz PPDU is configured, U-SIGs can be duplicated. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included in an 80 MHz PPDU. PPDUs with bandwidths exceeding 80 MHz can include different U-SIGs.

[0126] Figure 5 The UHR-SIG can include control information for receiving STAs. The UHR-SIG can be transmitted using at least one symbol, and a symbol can have a length of 4 μs. Information related to the number of symbols used for the UHR-SIG can be included in the U-SIG.

[0127] UHR-SIG provides additional signals to the U-SIG field to enable the STA to interpret / decode the UHR PPDU. The UHR-SIG field may include U-SIG overflow bits that are typically applied to all users. In addition, the UHR-SIG field includes resource allocation information, allowing the STA to locate resources used in fields including the data field / UHR-STF / UHR-LTF (i.e., the UHR modulation field of the UHR PPDU).

[0128] It can be determined based on the RU (Resource Unit) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones. Figure 5 The diagram illustrates the frequency resources of the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields. In other words, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and data fields of this disclosure can be transmitted / received via RUs (Resource Units) defined by multiple subcarriers / tones.

[0129] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 20 MHz PPDU. Specifically, the UHR-LTF, UHR-STF, and / or data fields included in the 20 MHz PPDU can be accessed via... Figure 5 At least one of the various RUs defined in the code is used to send / receive.

[0130] like Figure 6 The topmost diagram shows a configuration that can accommodate 26 units (i.e., units corresponding to 26 tones). Six tones can be used for the guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz frequency band, and five tones can be used for the guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz frequency band. Furthermore, seven DC tones can be inserted in the center band (i.e., the DC band), and 26 units corresponding to 13 tones on each of the left and right sides of the DC band can be arranged. Units of 26, 52, and 106 can be allocated to other frequency bands. Individual units can be assigned to receiving STAs (i.e., users).

[0131] at the same time, Figure 5 The RU layout in the diagram can be used not only for multi-user (MU) but also for single-user (SU). In the single-user case, a 242 unit can be used and three DC tones can be inserted, such as... Figure 5 The bottom part is shown in the diagram.

[0132] Although Figure 5Various sizes of RUs have been proposed, namely 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, and 242-RU, but RUs of a specific size can be expanded or increased. Therefore, this embodiment is not limited to individual RUs of a specific size (i.e., the number of corresponding tones). In this specification, an N-RU may be represented as an N-tone RU, etc. For example, a 26-RU may be represented as a 26-tone RU.

[0133] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the layout of a resource unit (RU) for a 40 MHz PPDU.

[0134] With the use of RUs of various sizes Figure 6 Similarly, in Figure 6 Examples of frequencies that can be used include 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, and 484-RU. Additionally, five DC tones can be inserted into the center frequency; 12 tones can be used for the leftmost guard band of the 40 MHz band; and 11 tones can be used for the rightmost guard band of the 40 MHz band.

[0135] like Figure 6 As shown, a 484-RU can be used when the RU layout is for a single user. The specific number of RUs can be similar to... Figure 6 Change.

[0136] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the layout of resource units (RUs) for an 80 MHz PPDU. The layout of resource units (RUs) used in this specification can vary. For example, the layout of resource units (RUs) used in the 80 MHz band can be varied.

[0137] Figure 7 The operation related to the UL-MU is illustrated. As shown, a transmitting STA (e.g., an AP) can perform channel access through contention (i.e., backoff operation) and transmit a trigger frame 930. That is, the transmitting STA (e.g., an AP) can transmit a PPDU 930 including the trigger frame. When the PPDU including the trigger frame is received, a TB (trigger-based) PPDU is transmitted after a delay of SIFS.

[0138] Multiple TB PPDUs 941, 942 can be transmitted simultaneously and can be transmitted from multiple STAs (e.g., user STAs) whose AIDs are indicated in the trigger frame 930. The ACK frame 950 for the TB PPDU can be implemented in various forms.

[0139] Figure 6 The figure shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 2.4 GHz band.

[0140] The 2.4 GHz band can also be referred to by other names, such as "first band". Furthermore, the 2.4 GHz band can refer to the frequency range used / supported / defined by channels having a center frequency adjacent to 2.4 GHz (e.g., channels having a center frequency between 2.4 GHz and 2.5 GHz).

[0141] The 2.4 GHz band can include multiple 20 MHz channels. Each 20 MHz channel within the 2.4 GHz band can have multiple channel indices (e.g., indices 1 to 14). For example, the center frequency of channel index 1 for a 20 MHz channel allocation could be 2.412 GHz, the center frequency of channel index 2 for a 20 MHz channel allocation could be 2.417 GHz, and the center frequency of channel index N for a 20 MHz channel allocation could be (2.407 + 0.005 GHz). (N) GHz. The channel index can be referenced by various names such as the channel number. The specific values ​​of the channel index and the center frequency can be changed.

[0142] Figure 7 Four channels within a 2.4 GHz frequency band are illustrated exemplarily. The first frequency region 1010 to the fourth frequency region 1040 shown may each include one channel. For example, the first frequency region 1010 may include channel 1 (the 20 MHz channel with index 1). In this case, the center frequency of channel 1 may be set to 2412 MHz. The second frequency region 1020 may include channel 6. In this case, the center frequency of channel 6 may be set to 2437 MHz. The third frequency region 1030 may include channel 11. In this case, the center frequency of channel 11 may be set to 2462 MHz. The fourth frequency region 1040 may include channel 14. In this case, the center frequency of channel 14 may be set to 2484 MHz.

[0143] Figure 7 The figure shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 5 GHz band.

[0144] The 5 GHz band can be referred to by other names, such as second band / band, etc. The 5 GHz band can refer to the frequency range that uses / supports / defines channels with a center frequency greater than or equal to 5 GHz and less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz). Alternatively, the 5 GHz band can include multiple channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. Figure 5 The specific figures shown may vary.

[0145] Multiple channels within the 5 GHz band include the unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (UNII)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM. UNII-1 may be referred to as the lower UNII. UNII-2 may include frequency ranges referred to as the middle UNII and the extended UNII-2. UNII-3 may be referred to as the upper UNII.

[0146] Within the 5 GHz band, multiple channels can be configured, and the bandwidth of each channel can be configured differently, such as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz. For example, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range within UNII-1 and UNII-2 can be divided into eight 20 MHz channels. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into four channels using a 40 MHz frequency domain. The 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into two channels using an 80 MHz frequency domain. Alternatively, the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain / range can be divided into one channel using a 160 MHz frequency domain.

[0147] Figure 8 The illustration shows an example of a channel used / supported / defined within the 6 GHz band.

[0148] The 6 GHz band can be referred to by other names, such as the third band / band. The 6 GHz band can refer to the frequency range in which channels with center frequencies above 5.9 GHz are used, supported, and defined. Figure 9 The specific values ​​shown may change.

[0149] For example, it can be defined starting from 5.940 GHz. Figure 10 The 20 MHz channel. Specifically, Figure 10 The leftmost channel in the 20 MHz channel array can have an index of 1 (or channel index, channel number, etc.) and be assigned a center frequency of 5.945 GHz. In other words, the center frequency of channel index N can be determined as (5.940 + 0.005 GHz). (N) GHz.

[0150] therefore, Figure 11The index (or channel number) of the 20 MHz channel can be 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233. Furthermore, according to the above (5.940+0.005) N)GHz rules, Figure 11 The index of the 40 MHz channel can be 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, 227.

[0151] The structure and type / subtype of MAC frames are described below.

[0152] Figure 12 An example of a MAC frame header is shown. As illustrated, a MAC frame may include a 2-octet frame control field / information, a 2-octet duration field / information, a 6-octet receiver address (RA) field / information, and a 6-octet sender address (TA) field / information. Figure 12 As shown, the four fields can be consecutive. They can be modified in various ways. Figure 12 The MAC header, and new fields can be inserted between the four fields shown, or at least one of the fields shown can be omitted.

[0153] Figure 12 The MAC header shown can be placed at the very beginning of the MAC frame. That is, a MAC frame can include, for example... Figure 12 The diagram shows the MAC header and the MAC body fields / information that follow the MAC header. This includes... Figure 12 The MAC frame header is inserted / included in the MAC frame. Figure 13 The data fields of the PPDU shown (e.g., UHR PPDU).

[0154] MAC frames included in the data field of the PPDU of this disclosure can be classified into various types. For example, MAC frames of this disclosure can be classified into control frames, management frames, and data frames.

[0155] For example, management frames include association requests, association responses, reassociation requests, reassociation responses, probe requests, probe responses, beacons, disassociation, authentication, and deauthentication frames / signals defined in a regular WLAN. For management frames, Figure 13 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 00. Additionally, Figure 13 The values ​​of the subtype fields B7, B6, B5, and B4 are as follows: Association Request (0000), Association Response (0001), Re-association Request (0010), Re-association Response (0011), Probe Request (0100), Probe Response (0101), Beacon (1000), Disassociation (1010), Authentication (1011), and Disauthentication (1100).

[0156] For example, control frames include trigger beamforming report polling, NDP announcement (NDPA), control frame extension, control wrapping, block Ack request (BlockAckReq), block Ack (BlockAck), PS-polling, RTS, CTS, Ack, and CF-end frames / signals as defined in conventional WLANs. For control frames, Figure 13 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 01. Furthermore, Figure 13 The values ​​of the subtype fields B7, B6, B5, and B4 are as follows: Trigger (0010), Beamforming Report Poll (0100), NDP Announcement (0101), Control Frame Extension (0110), Control Wrapper (0111), BlockAckReq (1000), BlockAck (1001), PS-Polling (1010), RTS (1011), CTS (1100), Ack (1101), and CF-End (1110).

[0157] For example, data frames include (QoS) data, (QoS) space, etc., as defined in a regular WLAN. For management frames, Figure 13 The values ​​of type fields B3 and B2 are set to 10.

[0158] The MAC frames / signals used in this disclosure can be identified by the aforementioned type field / information and subtype field / information. For example, a "trigger frame" in this disclosure may refer to a MAC frame in which type bits B3 and B2 in the frame control field of the MAC header are set to 01, and subtype bits B7, B6, B5, and B4 in the frame control field are set to 0010. The various MAC frames described in this disclosure are inserted into / included in the data fields of various PPDUs (e.g., HE / VHT / HE / EHT / UHR PPDUs).

[0159] Figure 5Examples of modifications to the transmitting and / or receiving devices of this disclosure are shown.

[0160] It is possible Figure 8 Modifications shown Figure 8 The devices shown are (e.g., AP STA, non-AP STA). Figure 8 The transceiver 630 can be used with Figure 8 The transceivers 113 and 123 are the same. Figure 13 The transceiver 630 may include a receiver and a transmitter.

[0161] Figure 14 The processor 610 can be with Figure 14 The processors 111 and 121 are the same. Alternatively, Figures 1 to 4 The processor 610 can be with Figure 14 The processing chips 114 and 124 are the same.

[0162] Figure 1 The memory 150 can be with Figure 14 The memories 112 and 122 are the same. Alternatively, Figure 14 The memory 150 can be different Figure 1 Separate external memories for memories 112 and 122.

[0163] Reference Figure 14 The power management module 611 manages the power of the processor 610 and / or transceiver 630. The battery 612 supplies power to the power management module 611. The display 613 outputs the results processed by the processor 610. The keyboard 614 receives input to be used by the processor 610. The keyboard 614 may be displayed on the display 613. The SIM card 615 may be an integrated circuit for securely storing the International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and its associated keys, used for identifying and authenticating users in mobile devices such as mobile phones and computers.

[0164] Reference Figure 1 The speaker (640) can output the sound-related results processed by the processor 610. The microphone (641) can receive sound-related inputs to be used by the processor 610.

[0165] The following describes the trigger frames used in this specification.

[0166] Figure 14 An example of a trigger frame format is shown.

[0167] Trigger frames, other than Multi-User Request to Send (MU-RTS) trigger frames, can request the transmission of at least one TBPPDU and allocate resources for it. MU-RTS trigger frames can allocate resources for at least one PPDU other than a TB PPDU. Furthermore, trigger frames can convey additional information requested by the responding STA in response to the trigger frame request for the transmission of a HE TB PPDU, an EHT TB PPDU, a non-HT TBPPDU, or a non-HT duplicate PPDU.

[0168] refer to Figure 1 The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information list field.

[0169] Subsequently Figure 14 and Figure 1 The text describes public information fields.

[0170] The user information field included in the user information list field exists in three variants: special user information field, HE variant user information field, and EHT variant user information field.

[0171] Unless the triggering frame is a Multi-User Block Acknowledgment Request (MU-BAR) triggering frame, all user information fields included in the user information list fields have the same length.

[0172] The user information field addressed to a non-AP STA can be either an HE variant or an EHT variant. If B39 of the user information field is set to 0 and B54 of the common information field is set to 1 in the trigger frame, then the user information field is an HE variant addressed to a non-AP EHT STA. Otherwise, the user information field is an EHT variant. B39 of the HE variant user information field is reserved for non-EHT HE STAs. B39 is set to 0 for the HE variant user information field via the EHT AP, and is a PS160 subfield for the EHT variant user information field. The table below defines valid combinations of B54 and B55 of the common information field, B39 of the user information field, the presence of special user information fields in the trigger frame, variants of the user information field, and the corresponding TB PPDU types.

[0173] [Table 1]

[0174] Although the last two rows of Table 1 above are not used by the EHT AP, non-AP EHT STAs can respond to trigger frames where B54 of the common information field is set to 1 and B55 of the common information field is set to 0 based on the last two rows.

[0175] Non-AP EHT STAs that are not EHT interpret the public information field as an HE variant public information field. If B54 and B55 of the public information field are 1, then non-AP EHT STAs interpret the public information field as an HE variant public information field. Otherwise, non-AP EHT STAs interpret the public information field as an EHT variant public information field.

[0176] Figure 14 The illustration shows an example of the HE variant public information field format.

[0177] Figure 14 The illustration shows an example of the EHT variant public information field format.

[0178] B53 of the EHT variant public information field is reserved and set to 0.

[0179] The UL HE-SIG-A2 reserved subfield of the HE variant public information field conveys the values ​​in the reserved fields that should be included in the HE-SIG-A2 subfield of the requested HE TBPPDU. For non-EHT HE APs, all UL HE-SIG-A2 reserved subfields of the HE variant public information field are set to 1.

[0180] The HE / EHT P160 subfield of the EHT variant public information field is set to 0, indicating that the TB PPDU requested on the primary 160 MHz is an EHT TB PPDU. The HE / EHT P160 subfield of the EHT variant public information field is set to 1, indicating that the TB PPDU requested on the primary 160 MHz is an HE TB PPDU.

[0181] The Special User Information Field flag subfield is always set to 0 in the EHT Variant Public Information Field. This indicates that the Special User Information Field is included in the trigger frame that contains the EHT Variant Public Information Field.

[0182] Depending on the value of the trigger type field (basic trigger frame format and NFRP trigger frame format), the trigger-dependent common Info subfield of the common information field may optionally exist.

[0183] Figure 15 The illustration shows an example of a special user information field format.

[0184] If the special user information field is included in the trigger frame, the special user information field of the EHT variant of the public information field is set to 0; otherwise, it is set to 1.

[0185] Special user information fields are identified by the AID12 value of 2007 and may optionally exist in the trigger frame generated by the EHT AP.

[0186] The special user information field (if present) follows the public information field in the trigger frame and carries a non-derived subfield of the U-SIG field of the requested EHT TB PPDU, wherein the special user information field of the public information field has a subfield set to 0.

[0187] The presence of a special user information field in the trigger frame is indicated by bit B55 of the common information field in the trigger frame. B55 is set to 1 to indicate that a special user information field does not exist in the trigger frame, and is set to 0 to indicate that a special user information field exists in the trigger frame immediately following the common information field.

[0188] Figure 15 The illustration shows an example of the HE variant user information field format.

[0189] Figure 16 The illustration shows an example of the EHT variant user information field format.

[0190] The AID12 subfield of the HE / EHT variant user information field can be set as follows: [Table 2]

[0191] refer to Figure 17 and Figure 16 Based on the value of the trigger type field, the trigger-related user information subfield may optionally exist in the user information field. The trigger-related user information subfield may exist in the user information field only when the trigger type field is a basic trigger frame or an NDP Feedback Report Polling (NFRP) trigger frame.

[0192] <Implementation methods applicable to this specification>

[0193] Existing Wi-Fi systems can transmit a single PPDU per STA by default. However, depending on channel conditions (multilayer technology), even a single STA can transmit and receive multiple PPDUs, each consisting of (M) RUs or streams. This specification specifically aims to apply the above method to a trigger-based PPDU (TB PPDU) structure transmitted by the STA in response to AP triggering.

[0194] In other words, the AP sends a trigger frame to instruct each STA to send one or more TB PPDUs, and can receive TB PPDUs sent from the STA after SIFS. The STA can receive the trigger frame from the AP and check if it contains instructions for itself. After checking, if it contains instructions for itself, each STA can configure and send one or more TB PPDUs according to the instructions.

[0195] The method for configuring the trigger frame required to apply this method is as follows. Specifically, this specification proposes a method for sending two TB PPDUs according to the indication of the trigger frame.

[0196] The configuration and interpretation that enables the sending of one or more TB PPDU trigger frames to a STA can be as follows: 1) In the trigger frame, instruct each STA to configure one or more TBPPDUs (multiple TBPPDUs) using one or more user information fields.

[0197] Previously, trigger frames instructed each STA to configure a TB PPDU using a user information field. However, in this embodiment, trigger frames can instruct each STA to construct one or more TBPPDUs using one or more user information fields. This can be achieved by setting the corresponding STA's AID in the AID subfield within the user information field. However, even after reading a user information field containing its own AID, the STA must continue reading user information fields because another user information field containing its own AID may be included. To reduce this decoding overhead, the following method can be used. That is, this embodiment proposes a method to indicate whether a user information field is the last user information field assigned to an STA with a corresponding AID.

[0198] - User information fields with the same AID can be assigned consecutively. STAs that find their AID in a user information field can read the next user information field, and stop decoding if it is not their AID. If it is their AID, the STA continues reading the next user information field.

[0199] - By using the reserved 1 bit in the user information field, it can be indicated whether the current user information field is the unique or last user information field assigned to the STA with the corresponding AID. In this case, the reserved 1 bit in the user information field of the basic trigger frame or the reserved 1 bit of the trigger-related user field can be used. For example, if the value of the reserved 1 bit is '0' (or '1'), it means that it is the unique or last user information field assigned to the corresponding STA, and if the value of the reserved 1 bit is '1' (or '0'), it may mean that there is another user information field to be assigned to the corresponding STA later.

[0200] - By using a reserved 1-bit in the user information field, it is possible to indicate whether to instruct a STA with the corresponding AID to send multiple TB PPDUs. In this case, either the reserved 1-bit in the user information field of the basic trigger frame or the reserved 1-bit in the trigger-related user field can be used.

[0201] - In the above, when using reserved bits, the reserved 1 bit in the user information field is the value used for dual-carrier modulation (DCM) in the HE variant, which may cause confusion in interpretation when used, and the trigger-related user field of the basic trigger frame can be used instead.

[0202] 2) In the trigger frame, instruct each STA to use "a user information field" to construct one or more TB PPDUs (multiple TB PPDUs).

[0203] Alternatively, as described above, the trigger frame can indicate the configuration of one or more TB PPDUs by indicating only one user information field to each STA. In this case, the reserved 1 bit in the user information field of the basic trigger frame or the reserved 1 bit in the trigger-related user field can be used to indicate that the user information field configuration supports the allocation of multiple PPDUs. In this case, if the reserved 1 bit indicates the user information field that supports the allocation of multiple PPDUs, the configuration of the user information field can be interpreted as follows. That is, this embodiment proposes a method for indicating an MCS for multiple TB PPDUs.

[0204] - In this case, there may be limitations on the configuration of the TB PPDU. For example, RU allocation and SS configuration may refer to the entire (M)RU (multiple) resource units and SS (space flow) allocated to a STA. The configuration of the entire (M)RU and SS for each TB PPDU is not mentioned in this specification.

[0205] - The MCS subfield configured in the user information field can indicate the MCS used for the first TB PPDU. The relative modulation order used for the MCS (for the second TB PPDU) can be indicated using a reserved 1-bit in the user information field. (In the case of multiple TB PPDUs configured on a single STA, as in this proposal, the coding rate can be fixed for ease of STA implementation, and only the modulation order can be changed.) For example, if the reserved 1-bit value is '0', it can be configured to indicate a modulation order one step lower (or higher) than the MCS, and if the reserved 1-bit value is '1', it can be configured to indicate a modulation order one step higher (or lower) than the MCS. For example, if the MCS is QPSK1 / 2, a reserved 1-bit value of '0' can indicate a lower BPSK1 / 2, and a reserved 1-bit value of '1' can indicate a higher 16QAM1 / 2.

[0206] Alternatively, if the reserved bit value is '0', the modulation order can be configured to be one step lower (or higher) than the previous MCS, and if the reserved bit value is '1', it can be configured to be two steps lower (or higher). For example, if the MCS is QPSK1 / 2 and the reserved bit value is '0', it can be configured to be one step higher, 16QAM1 / 2, and if the reserved bit value is '1', it can be configured to be two steps higher, 64QAM1 / 2.

[0207] Figure 17 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the transmitting device according to this embodiment.

[0208] Figure 18 Examples can be performed by the transmitting device (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0209] Figure 19 Some steps in each of the examples (or detailed sub-steps described later) can be skipped / omitted.

[0210] Through step S2110, the transmitting device (transmitting STA) can obtain information about the tone plan described above. As mentioned above, the information about the tone plan includes the size and location of the RU, control information related to the RU, information about the frequency band including the RU, and information about the STA receiving the RU, etc.

[0211] In step S2120, the transmitting device can construct / generate a PPDU based on the acquired control information. Configuring / generating a PPDU may include configuring / generating each field of the PPDU. Specifically, step S2120 includes configuring the EHT-SIG field, which includes control information regarding the tone plan. That is, step S2120 includes configuring a field containing control information (e.g., an N-bitmap) indicating the size / location of the RU; and / or configuring a field containing the identifier (e.g., AID) of the STA receiving the RU.

[0212] Furthermore, step S2120 may include generating an STF / LTF sequence transmitted via a specific RU. The STF / LTF sequence may be generated based on a preset STF generation sequence / LTF generation sequence.

[0213] In addition, step S2120 may include generating a data field (i.e., MPDU) sent through a specific RU.

[0214] The transmitting device can send the PPDU constructed in step S2120 to the receiving device based on step S2130.

[0215] When step S2130 is executed, the transmitting device may perform at least one of operations such as CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operation, and GI insertion.

[0216] The signals / fields / sequences constructed according to this specification can be used as follows: Figure 20 Send in the form of.

[0217] Figure 19 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the receiving device / equipment according to this embodiment.

[0218] According to Figure 20 An example is used to receive the aforementioned PPDU.

[0219] Figure 21 Examples can be performed by the receiving device / equipment (AP and / or non-AP STA).

[0220] Some steps in each step of the example in Figure 28 (or detailed sub-steps described later) can be skipped / omitted.

[0221] The receiving device (receiving STA) can receive all or part of the PPDU through step S2210. The received signal can be... Figure 21 In the form of.

[0222] The sub-steps of step S2210 can be based on Figure 21Step S2130 is used to determine this. That is, in step S2210, the results of the CSD, spatial mapping, IDFT / IFFT operations, and GI insertion operations applied in step S2130 can be recovered.

[0223] In step S2220, the receiving device can decode all or part of the PPDU. Furthermore, the receiving device can obtain control information related to the tone plan (i.e., RU) from the decoded PPDU.

[0224] More specifically, the receiving device can decode the L-SIG and EHT-SIG of the PPDU based on conventional STF / LTF and obtain the information included in the L-SIG and EHT SIG fields. Information about the various tone schemes (i.e., RUs) described in this specification can be included in the EHT-SIG, and the receiving STA can obtain information about tone schemes (i.e., RUs) through the EHT-SIG.

[0225] In step S2230, the receiving device can decode the remaining portion of the PPDU based on the information about the tone plan (i.e., RU) obtained in step S2220. For example, the receiving STA can decode the STF / LTF field of the PPDU based on the information about the tone plan (i.e., RU). Additionally, the receiving STA can decode the data field of the PPDU based on the information about the tone plan (i.e., RU) and obtain the MPDU included in that data field.

[0226] Furthermore, the receiving device can perform processing operations to transmit the data decoded in step S2230 to a higher layer (e.g., the MAC layer). Additionally, subsequent operations can be performed when a guidance signal is generated from the upper layer to the PHY layer in response to the data sent to the upper layer.

[0227] In the following text, reference will be made to Figure 5 The above implementation method is described.

[0228] Figure 22 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of configuring a trigger frame to enable a STA to send one or more TB PPDUs according to this embodiment.

[0229] Figure 22 The example can be implemented in network environments that support next-generation wireless LAN systems (Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) wireless LAN systems or next-generation Wi-Fi). Next-generation wireless LAN systems are improved versions of the 802.11be system and meet backward compatibility requirements with the 802.11be system.

[0230] Figure 22 The example is executed at the sending STA, which corresponds to the access point (AP).Figure 5 The receiving STA can correspond to at least one STA (station).

[0231] This embodiment proposes a method for configuring a trigger frame that triggers multiple PPDUs with different PHY parameters. Specifically, this embodiment proposes a method for configuring a user field in the trigger frame for a single STA, enabling the STA to transmit one or more TB PPDUs with different MCS applied. The transmission technique for multiple PPDUs with different PHY parameters applied can be referred to as multilayer transmission technology. In 802.11bn wireless LAN systems, multilayer transmission technology is discussed as a non-uniform modulation / MCS (UEQM) method utilizing varying modulation order per (M)RU or per spatial stream. Multilayer transmission technology can be used to achieve the goal of high reliability supporting Wi-Fi 8 (UHR).

[0232] In step S2310, the transmitting station (STA) sends a trigger frame to the receiving STA.

[0233] In step S2320, the sending STA receives first and second trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) from the receiving STA based on the trigger frame.

[0234] The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information field.

[0235] The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield.

[0236] The MCS subfield includes information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU. The information about the second MCS is about the relative modulation order to the first MCS.

[0237] Previously, a single TB PPDU could be assigned to a single receiving STA (Receive STA) via a user information field in a trigger frame, and then transmitted and received. However, this implementation proposes a method in which two (or more) TB PPDUs with different PHY parameters (MCS) are assigned to a single receiving STA via a user information field in a trigger frame, and then transmitted and received. This has the effect of improving overall channel efficiency and throughput by applying different PHY parameters according to channel conditions to achieve the transmission and reception of multiple PPDUs.

[0238] The trigger frame is the basic trigger frame, and the user information field includes trigger-related user information subfields.

[0239] The trigger-related user information subfield includes information about how a trigger frame triggers multiple TB PPDUs based on a single user information field. For example, reserved bits in the trigger-related user information subfield can indicate whether the trigger frame is for multiple PPDUs to which different PHY parameters are applied.

[0240] The first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU and the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU can be set as follows through the MCS subfield and reserved subfield.

[0241] For example, based on the reserved subfield being set to 0, the second MCS can be set to a modulation level one lower than the first MCS. For example, if the first MCS is Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), the second MCS can be Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK). Furthermore, based on the reserved subfield being set to 1, the second MCS can be set to a modulation level one higher than the first MCS. For example, if the first MCS is QPSK, the second MCS can be Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM).

[0242] As another example, based on the reserved subfield being set to 0, the second MCS can be set to a modulation level one level higher than the first MCS. For example, if the first MCS is QPSK, the second MCS could be 16QAM. Furthermore, based on the reserved subfield being set to 1, the second MCS can be set to a modulation level two levels higher than the first MCS. For example, if the first MCS is QPSK, the second MCS could be 64QAM.

[0243] The user information field may also include a resource unit (RU) allocation subfield and a spatial stream (SS) allocation subfield. The RU allocation subfield includes RU allocation information for the first and second TB PPDUs. The SS allocation subfield includes spatial stream information for the first and second TB PPDUs. To facilitate triggering multiple PPDUs with different PHY parameters for a single receiving STA, the coding rate applied to the first and second TB PPDUs can be the same. That is, the coding rate applied to the first and second TB PPDUs can be fixed, and only the modulation order can be different.

[0244] If the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU are high-efficiency (HE) TB PPDUs, the user information field can be a variant of the HE user information field. If the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU are ultra-high throughput (EHT) TB PPDUs, the user information field can be a variant of the EHT user information field. If the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU are ultra-high reliability (UHR) TB PPDUs, the user information field can be a variant of the UHR user information field.

[0245] This embodiment proposes a method for triggering multiple TB PPDUs based on a single user information field within a trigger frame. Furthermore, this embodiment can also propose a method for triggering multiple TB PPDUs (each separately) based on multiple user information fields within a trigger frame.

[0246] Therefore, the user information field may include first and second user information fields. Unlike previous implementations, the MCS subfield of the first user information field may include information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU, and the MCS subfield of the second user information field may include information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU. The AID subfield of both the first and second user information fields can be set to the AID of the receiving STA. First and second user information fields with the same AID can be arranged (or assigned) consecutively.

[0247] By using / based on the reserved 1 bit of the first user information field and the second user information field, which have their own AID, or the reserved 1 bit of the trigger-related user information subfield (if the trigger frame is a basic trigger frame), the receiving STA can determine whether the user information field is the last user information field assigned to it.

[0248] For example, if the reserved bits of the first user information field are set to 1, the receiving STA can determine that another user information field exists after the first user information field. If the reserved bits of the second user information field are set to 0, the receiving STA can determine that the second user information field is the last user information field assigned to it.

[0249] Figure 21 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of receiving a trigger frame according to this embodiment so that a STA can send one or more TB PPDUs.

[0250] Figures 1 to 22 The example can be implemented in network environments that support next-generation wireless LAN systems (Ultra-High Reliability (UHR) wireless LAN systems or next-generation Wi-Fi). Next-generation wireless LAN systems are improved versions of the 802.11be system and meet backward compatibility requirements with the 802.11be system.

[0251] Figure 23 The example is executed at a receiving STA that can correspond to at least one station (STA). Figure 23 The sending STA can correspond to an access point (AP).

[0252] This embodiment proposes a method for configuring a trigger frame that triggers multiple PPDUs with different PHY parameters applied. Specifically, this embodiment proposes a method for configuring a user field in the trigger frame for a STA to transmit one or more TB PPDUs with different MCS applied. The transmission technique for multiple PPDUs with different PHY parameters applied can be referred to as multilayer transmission technology. In 802.11bn wireless LAN systems, multilayer transmission technology is discussed as a non-uniform modulation / MCS (UEQM) method utilizing varying modulation order per (M)RU or per spatial stream. Multilayer transmission technology can be used to achieve the goal of high reliability supporting Wi-Fi 8 (UHR).

[0253] In step S2410, the receiving station (STA) receives a trigger frame from the sending STA.

[0254] In step S2420, the receiving STA sends first and second trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) to the sending STA based on the trigger frame.

[0255] The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information field.

[0256] The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield.

[0257] The MCS subfield includes information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU. The information about the second MCS is about the relative modulation order to the first MCS.

[0258] Previously, a single TB PPDU could be assigned to a single receiving STA (Receive STA) via a user information field in a trigger frame, and then transmitted and received. However, this implementation proposes a method in which two (or more) TB PPDUs with different PHY parameters (MCS) are assigned to a single receiving STA via a user information field in a trigger frame, and then transmitted and received. This has the effect of improving overall channel efficiency and throughput by applying different PHY parameters according to channel conditions to achieve the transmission and reception of multiple PPDUs.

[0259] The trigger frame is the basic trigger frame, and the user information field includes trigger-related user information subfields.

[0260] The trigger-related user information subfield includes information about how the trigger frame triggers multiple TB PPDUs based on a single user information field. For example, reserved bits in the trigger-related user information subfield can indicate whether the trigger frame is for multiple PPDUs to which different PHY parameters are applied.

[0261] The first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU and the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU can be set as follows through the MCS subfield and reserved subfield.

[0262] For example, based on the reserved subfield being set to 0, the second MCS can be set to a modulation level one lower than the first MCS. For example, if the first MCS is Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), the second MCS can be Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK). Furthermore, based on the reserved subfield being set to 1, the second MCS can be set to a modulation level one higher than the first MCS. For example, if the first MCS is QPSK, the second MCS can be Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM).

[0263] As another example, based on the reserved subfield being set to 0, the second MCS can be set to a modulation level one level higher than the first MCS. For example, if the first MCS is QPSK, the second MCS could be 16QAM. Furthermore, based on the reserved subfield being set to 1, the second MCS can be set to a modulation level two levels higher than the first MCS. For example, if the first MCS is QPSK, the second MCS could be 64QAM.

[0264] The user information field may also include a resource unit (RU) allocation subfield and a spatial stream (SS) allocation subfield. The RU allocation subfield includes RU allocation information for the first and second TB PPDUs. The SS allocation subfield includes spatial stream information for the first and second TB PPDUs. To facilitate triggering multiple PPDUs with different PHY parameters for a single receiving STA, the coding rate applied to the first and second TB PPDUs can be the same. That is, the coding rate applied to the first and second TB PPDUs can be fixed, and only the modulation order can be different.

[0265] If the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU are high-efficiency (HE) TB PPDUs, the user information field can be a variant of the HE user information field. If the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU are ultra-high throughput (EHT) TB PPDUs, the user information field can be a variant of the EHT user information field. If the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU are ultra-high reliability (UHR) TB PPDUs, the user information field can be a variant of the UHR user information field.

[0266] This embodiment proposes a method for triggering multiple TB PPDUs based on a single user information field within a trigger frame. Furthermore, this embodiment can also propose a method for triggering multiple TB PPDUs (each separately) based on multiple user information fields within a trigger frame.

[0267] Therefore, the user information field may include first and second user information fields. Unlike previous implementations, the MCS subfield of the first user information field may include information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU, and the MCS subfield of the second user information field may include information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU. The AID subfield of both the first and second user information fields can be set to the AID of the receiving STA. First and second user information fields with the same AID can be arranged (or assigned) consecutively.

[0268] By using / based on the reserved 1 bit of the first user information field and the second user information field, which have their own AID, or the reserved 1 bit of the trigger-related user information subfield (if the trigger frame is a basic trigger frame), the receiving STA can determine whether the user information field is the last user information field assigned to it.

[0269] For example, if the reserved bits of the first user information field are set to 1, the receiving STA can determine that another user information field exists after the first user information field. If the reserved bits of the second user information field are set to 0, the receiving STA can determine that the second user information field is the last user information field assigned to it.

[0270] <Device Configuration>

[0271] The technical features of this disclosure can be applied to various devices and methods. For example, they can be used... Figure 23 and / or Figure 23 The device is used to execute / support the technical features of this disclosure. For example, the technical features of this disclosure may be applied only to... Figure 24 and / or Figure 24 Part of it. For example, the technical features of this disclosure may be based on Figure 24 The processing chips 114 and 124 are used to implement this, or it can be implemented based on processors 111 and 121 and memory 112 and 122, or based on... Figure 24 The processor 610 and memory 620 are used to implement this. For example, the device according to this disclosure receives a trigger frame from a transmitting station (STA); and transmits first and second trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) to the transmitting STA based on the trigger frame.

[0272] The technical features of this disclosure can be implemented based on a computer-readable medium (CRM). For example, the CRM according to this disclosure is at least one computer-readable medium including instructions designed to be executed by at least one processor.

[0273] The CRM can store instructions for performing operations, including: receiving a trigger frame from a transmitting station (STA); and sending first and second trigger-based (TB) Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) to the transmitting STA based on the trigger frame. At least one processor can execute the instructions stored in the CRM according to this disclosure. The at least one processor associated with the CRM of this disclosure may be... Figure 1 Processors 111 and 121, Figure 14 Processing chips 114, 124, or Figure 1 The processor 610. Meanwhile, the CRM disclosed herein can be... Figure 14 The memory 112, 122, Figure 1 Figure 14 Figure 1 Figure 1 Figure 14 Figure 1 Figure 14 The memory 620 or a separate external memory / storage medium / disk.

[0274] The aforementioned technical features in this specification are applicable to various applications or business models. For example, the aforementioned technical features can be applied to wireless communication in devices that support artificial intelligence (AI).

[0275] Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the field of research concerning artificial intelligence or the methods used to create it, while machine learning refers to the field of research concerning methods for defining and solving various problems within the field of AI. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves operational performance through stable operational experience.

[0276] Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are models used in machine learning, and can refer to models that solve problems in general, including artificial neurons (nodes) that form a network by combining synapses. An artificial neural network can be defined by the connection patterns between neurons in different layers, the learning process that updates model parameters, and the activation function that generates the output value.

[0277] An artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer includes one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network may include synapses connecting the neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron can output the function value of an activation function of the input signal input through synapses, weights, and biases.

[0278] Model parameters refer to the parameters determined through learning, and include the weights of synaptic connections and the biases of neurons. Hyperparameters refer to the parameters that are set before learning in a machine learning algorithm, and include the learning rate, number of iterations, minimum batch size, and initialization function.

[0279] Learning artificial neural networks may aim to determine model parameters used to minimize a loss function. The loss function can be used as a metric for determining the optimal model parameters during the learning process of an artificial neural network.

[0280] Machine learning can be divided into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

[0281] Supervised learning refers to the method of training an artificial neural network using labels provided for the training data. When the training data is input into the artificial neural network, the labels indicate the correct answer (or result value) that the network should infer. Unsupervised learning refers to the method of training an artificial neural network without providing labels for the training data. Reinforcement learning can be a training method used to train an agent defined in an environment to select actions or sequences of actions to maximize the cumulative reward in each state.

[0282] Machine learning implemented using deep neural networks (DNNs) with multiple hidden layers is called deep learning, and deep learning is a part of machine learning. In the following text, machine learning is interpreted as including deep learning.

[0283] The aforementioned technical features can be applied to wireless communication for robots.

[0284] A robot can be defined as a machine that automatically processes or operates a given task using its own capabilities. In particular, a robot that has the ability to recognize its environment and make autonomous judgments to perform operations can be called an intelligent robot.

[0285] Depending on their application or field, robots can be categorized into industrial, medical, household, and military robots, among others. Robots can include actuators or drives that include motors to perform various physical operations, such as moving robot joints. Additionally, mobile robots can include wheels, brakes, propellers, etc., in their drives to move on the ground or fly in the air.

[0286] The aforementioned technical features can be applied to devices that support extended reality.

[0287] Extended reality is collectively referred to as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). VR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides real-world objects and backgrounds only in CG images; AR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides virtual CG images on top of real object images; and MR technology is a computer graphics technology that provides virtual objects that are mixed and combined with the real world.

[0288] MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it can display real and virtual objects together. However, in AR technology, virtual objects are used as a supplement to real objects, while in MR technology, virtual and real objects are used as equals.

[0289] XR technology can be applied to head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs), mobile phones, tablets, laptops, desktop computers, televisions, digital signage, and more. Devices that utilize XR technology can be referred to as XR devices.

[0290] The claims disclosed in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features in the device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method. Furthermore, the technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features in the method claims and device claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented by a method.

Claims

1. A method in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method comprising: Receive trigger frames from the sending STA via the receiving station (STA); as well as The receiving STA, based on the trigger frame, sends a first trigger-based (TB) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) and a second TB PPDU to the sending STA. The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information field. The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield. The MCS subfield includes information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU, and The information about the second MCS is information about the relative modulation order for the first MCS.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the fact that the trigger frame is a basic trigger frame, the user information field includes a trigger-related user information sub-field, and The trigger-related user information subfield includes information about how the trigger frame triggers multiple TB PPDUs based on a user information field.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the reserved subfield being set to 0, the second MCS is set to a modulation level one level lower than the first MCS, and Wherein, the first MCS is quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and the second MCS is binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, Based on the reserved subfield being set to 1, the second MCS is set to a modulation level one level higher than the first MCS, and Wherein, the first MCS is QPSK and the second MCS is 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the reserved subfield being set to 0, the second MCS is set to a modulation level one level higher than the first MCS, and Wherein, the first MCS is QPSK and the second MCS is 16QAM.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, Based on the reserved subfield being set to 1, the second MCS is set to modulation two levels higher than the first MCS, and Wherein, the first MCS is QPSK and the second MCS is 64QAM.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The user information field also includes a resource unit (RU) allocation subfield and a space flow (SS) allocation subfield. The RU allocation subfield includes the RU allocation information for the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU. The SS allocation subfield includes spatial flow information for the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU, and The coding rates applied to the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU are the same.

8. A receiving station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the receiving STA comprising: Memory; transceiver; as well as A processor, operatively connected to the memory and the transceiver, The processor is configured as follows: Receive trigger frames from the sending STA; and Based on the trigger frame, a first trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and a second TB PPDU are sent to the transmitting STA. The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information field. The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield. The MCS subfield includes information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU, and The information about the second MCS is information about the relative modulation order for the first MCS.

9. A method in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the method comprising: Send a trigger frame to the receiving STA via the transmitting station (STA); as well as Through the transmitting STA, based on the trigger frame, a first trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and a second TB PPDU are received from the receiving STA. The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information field. The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield. The MCS subfield includes information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU, and The information about the second MCS is information about the relative modulation order for the first MCS.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein, Based on the fact that the trigger frame is a basic trigger frame, the user information field includes a trigger-related user information sub-field, and The trigger-related user information subfield includes information about how the trigger frame triggers multiple TB PPDUs based on a user information field.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein, Based on the reserved subfield being set to 0, the second MCS is set to a modulation level one level lower than the first MCS, and Wherein, the first MCS is quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and the second MCS is binary phase shift keying (BPSK).

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, Based on the reserved subfield being set to 1, the second MCS is set to a modulation level one level higher than the first MCS, and Wherein, the first MCS is QPSK and the second MCS is 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).

13. The method according to claim 9, wherein, Based on the reserved subfield being set to 0, the second MCS is set to a modulation level one level higher than the first MCS, and Wherein, the first MCS is QPSK and the second MCS is 16QAM.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, Based on the reserved subfield being set to 1, the second MCS is set to modulation two levels higher than the first MCS, and Wherein, the first MCS is QPSK and the second MCS is 64QAM.

15. The method according to claim 9, wherein, The user information field also includes a resource unit (RU) allocation subfield and a space flow (SS) allocation subfield. The RU allocation subfield includes the RU allocation information for the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU. The SS allocation subfield includes spatial flow information for the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU, and The coding rates applied to the first TB PPDU and the second TB PPDU are the same.

16. A transmitting station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the transmitting STA comprising: Memory; transceiver; as well as A processor, operatively connected to the memory and the transceiver, The processor is configured as follows: Send a trigger frame to the receiving STA; and Based on the trigger frame, the receiving STA receives a first trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and a second TB PPDU. The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information field. The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield. The MCS subfield includes information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU, and The information about the second MCS is information about the relative modulation order for the first MCS.

17. A computer-readable medium comprising instructions that are executed by at least one processor and perform a method comprising the following steps: Receive trigger frames from the transmitting station (STA); and Based on the trigger frame, a first trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and a second TB PPDU are sent to the transmitting STA. in, The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information field. The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield. The MCS subfield includes information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU, and The information about the second MCS is information about the relative modulation order for the first MCS.

18. A device in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system, the device comprising: Memory; as well as A processor, which is operatively connected to the memory. The processor is configured as follows: Receive trigger frames from the transmitting station (STA); and Based on the trigger frame, a first trigger-based (TB) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and a second TB PPDU are sent to the transmitting STA. The trigger frame includes a public information field and a user information field. The user information field includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) subfield and a reserved subfield. The MCS subfield includes information about the first MCS applied to the first TB PPDU. The reserved subfield includes information about the second MCS applied to the second TB PPDU, and The information about the second MCS is information about the relative modulation order for the first MCS.

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