Method for improving tobacco leaf quality in tobacco leaf mature period

Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving tobacco leaf quality in a tobacco leaf mature period, which comprises the following steps: (1) topping in a tobacco plant squaring period, smearing a regulation and control liquid on main veins of upper tobacco leaves 2-3 days after topping, and smearing a regulation and control liquid on one end, close to stalks, of main veins of lower tobacco leaves, the regulation and control liquid at least comprising ferulic acid with the concentration of 10-30 ppm; (2) after the regulation and control liquid is smeared, promoting liquid is sprayed to the whole tobacco plant 2-3 days later, and the promoting liquid is composed of soybean peptides, algal polysaccharides and lentinan. By regulating and controlling the content of chlorogenic acid in the mature period of the tobacco leaves, the irritation of the tobacco leaves to sense organs is reduced, and therefore the quality of the tobacco leaves is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco cultivation technology, and in particular to a method for improving the quality of tobacco leaves during the ripening period. Background Technology

[0002] Tobacco belongs to the genus Nicotiana in the family Solanaceae. High-quality tobacco leaves require a mellow taste, abundant aroma, and prominent flavor during combustion. Therefore, the aroma of tobacco leaves is a crucial factor influencing their quality. The chemical components within tobacco leaves significantly impact this aroma. Modern research indicates that polyphenols are important aroma precursors in tobacco, closely related to the type and amount of aroma. For example, chlorogenic acid, by increasing its content, can reduce the sensory irritation of tobacco leaves to some extent. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid possesses certain potential pharmacological effects. Therefore, increasing the chlorogenic acid content in the main tobacco leaves during the ripening period may be a new approach to improving tobacco quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method for improving the quality of tobacco leaves during the ripening period. By regulating the chlorogenic acid content during the ripening period, the sensory irritation of tobacco leaves is reduced, thereby improving the quality of tobacco leaves.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period includes the following steps: (1) Pinch the top of the tobacco plant during the budding stage. Two to three days after pinching the top, apply the regulating solution to the main vein of the upper tobacco leaves and apply the regulating solution to the end of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves near the stem. The regulating solution shall contain at least 10-30 ppm of ferulic acid. (2) After applying the conditioning solution, spray the entire tobacco plant with the promoting solution 2-3 days later. The promoting solution is composed of soybean polypeptide, seaweed polysaccharide and shiitake mushroom polysaccharide. The concentration of soybean polypeptide is 50-80 ppm, the concentration of seaweed polysaccharide is 60-90 ppm, and the concentration of shiitake mushroom polysaccharide is 30-50 ppm.

[0005] Preferably, the regulating liquid further contains polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol, wherein the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 0.5-2 wt% and the concentration of polyethylene glycol is 0.05-0.3 wt%.

[0006] Preferably, the length of the regulating liquid applied to the lower part of the tobacco leaf's main vein is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the total length of the lower part of the tobacco leaf's main vein.

[0007] Preferably, the conditioning solution is composed of the following components: 20 ppm ferulic acid, 1 wt% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1 wt% polyethylene glycol, and the remainder is water.

[0008] Preferably, the promoting solution also contains 0.4-0.9 wt% potassium sulfate.

[0009] More preferably, the promoting liquid is composed of the following components: 60 ppm soybean polypeptide, 80 ppm seaweed polysaccharide, 40 ppm shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, 0.5 wt% potassium sulfate, and the remainder is water.

[0010] Preferably, in step (1), the application of the conditioning solution takes place after 18:00 each day.

[0011] The methods described above for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period have the following advantages: (1) In this invention, after topping the tobacco plants during the budding stage, ferulic acid is mainly applied to the upper and lower tobacco leaves. It can be used as a precursor for the synthesis of chlorogenic acid during the tobacco leaf maturity stage. After applying ferulic acid, a promoting liquid is added to increase the activity of related enzymes in the tobacco plants, promote the synthesis of chlorogenic acid, and thus enhance the aroma quality and aroma quantity of the tobacco leaves.

[0012] (2) The present invention separates the processing of the upper, middle and lower tobacco leaves according to their conditions. The middle tobacco leaves are of higher quality and have reasonable light exposure, so the promoting liquid is mainly used for reasonable regulation. The upper tobacco leaves have sufficient light exposure, but are more irritating. The regulating liquid and the promoting liquid are combined to guide the upper tobacco leaves to synthesize polyphenols and improve their aroma irritation, thereby better improving the quality of the upper tobacco leaves and making them more economically valuable. The lower tobacco leaves are affected by light exposure and have weaker activity in synthesizing polyphenols. Therefore, a small amount of regulating liquid and promoting liquid are combined to improve the quality of the lower tobacco leaves to a certain extent.

[0013] (3) By comprehensively regulating the tobacco leaves with the regulating liquid and the promoting liquid, the sugar-alkali ratio and nitrogen-alkali ratio in the tobacco leaves can be optimized, the chemical composition of the tobacco leaves can be more coordinated, and the quality of the tobacco leaves can be effectively improved.

[0014] (4) In the southern region, the sunlight is strong. Apply more conditioning liquid to the upper part of the tobacco leaves. Ferulic acid can absorb ultraviolet rays in the wavelength range of 290-330 nm. It can also reduce the impact of excessive sunlight on tobacco leaves, reduce the probability of tobacco leaves being scorched, and thus improve the appearance quality of tobacco leaves. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. Example 1

[0016] (1) Topping is performed during the budding stage of tobacco plants. Three days after topping, at 18:00, a regulating solution is applied to the main vein of the upper tobacco leaves and to the end of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves near the stem. The regulating solution consists of the following components: 20 ppm ferulic acid, 1 wt% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1 wt% polyethylene glycol, and the remainder is water. The length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves to which the regulating solution is applied accounts for 1 / 4 of the total length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves.

[0017] (2) Two days after applying the conditioning solution, spray the entire tobacco plant with the promoting solution. The promoting solution consists of the following components: 60 ppm soybean polypeptide, 80 ppm seaweed polysaccharide, 40 ppm shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, 0.5 wt% potassium sulfate, and the remainder is water. Avoid spraying the promoting solution during the midday high temperature period and spray until the leaves are moist. Example 2

[0018] (1) Pinch off the top of the tobacco plants during the budding stage. Three days after pinching off the top, apply the regulating solution to the main vein of the upper tobacco leaves after 18:00, and apply the regulating solution to the end of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves near the stem. The regulating solution consists of the following components: ferulic acid 20 ppm, polyvinyl alcohol 1%, polyethylene glycol 0.1%, and the remainder is water. The length of the regulating solution applied to the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves accounts for 1 / 4 of the total length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves.

[0019] (2) Two days after applying the regulating solution, spray the entire tobacco plant with the promoting solution. The promoting solution consists of the following components: 60 ppm soybean polypeptide, 80 ppm seaweed polysaccharide, 40 ppm shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, and the remainder is water. Avoid spraying the promoting solution during the midday high temperature period and spray until the leaves are moist. Example 3

[0020] (1) Topping is performed during the budding stage of tobacco plants. Two days after topping, at 18:00, a regulating solution is applied to the main vein of the upper tobacco leaves and to the end of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves near the stem. The regulating solution consists of the following components: ferulic acid 20 ppm, polyvinyl alcohol 1 wt%, polyethylene glycol 0.1 wt%, and the remainder is water. The length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves covered with the regulating solution should be 1 / 4 of the total length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves.

[0021] (2) After applying the conditioning solution, spray the entire tobacco plant with the promoting solution 3 days later. The promoting solution consists of the following components: 60 ppm soybean polypeptide, 80 ppm seaweed polysaccharide, 40 ppm shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, 0.5 wt% potassium sulfate, and the remainder is water. Avoid spraying the promoting solution during the midday high temperature period and spray until the leaves are moist. Example 4

[0022] (1) Topping is performed during the budding stage of tobacco plants. Three days after topping, at 18:00, a regulating solution is applied to the main vein of the upper tobacco leaves and to the end of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves near the stem. The regulating solution consists of the following components: ferulic acid 30 ppm, polyvinyl alcohol 2 wt%, polyethylene glycol 0.05 wt%, and the remainder is water. The length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves to which the regulating solution is applied accounts for 1 / 5 of the total length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves.

[0023] (2) Two days after applying the conditioning solution, spray the entire tobacco plant with the promoting solution. The promoting solution consists of the following components: 50 ppm soybean polypeptide, 60 ppm seaweed polysaccharide, 30 ppm shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, 0.9 wt% potassium sulfate, and the remainder is water. Avoid spraying the promoting solution during the midday high temperature period and spray until the leaves are moist. Example 5

[0024] (1) Topping is performed during the budding stage of tobacco plants. Three days after topping, at 18:00, a regulating solution is applied to the main vein of the upper tobacco leaves and to the end of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves near the stem. The regulating solution consists of the following components: 10 ppm ferulic acid, 0.6 wt% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.3 wt% polyethylene glycol, and the remainder is water. The length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves covered with the regulating solution should be 1 / 3 of the total length of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves.

[0025] (2) Two days after applying the conditioning solution, spray the entire tobacco plant with the promoting solution. The promoting solution consists of the following components: 60 ppm soybean polypeptide, 80 ppm seaweed polysaccharide, 40 ppm shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, 0.5 wt% potassium sulfate, and the remainder is water. Avoid spraying the promoting solution during the midday high temperature period and spray until the leaves are moist. Comparative Example 1

[0026] Compared with Example 1, step (2) is omitted in Comparative Example 1. Comparative Example 2

[0027] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 2 omits step (1), tops the tobacco plants during the budding stage, and sprays a growth promoter 5 days after topping. Comparative Example 3

[0028] Comparative Example 3 is basically the same as Example 1, but the promoting solution does not contain soybean peptides. Comparative Example 4

[0029] Comparative Example 4 is basically the same as Example 1, but the promoting solution does not contain lentinan. Comparative Example 5

[0030] Comparative Example 5 was basically the same as Example 1, but the promoting solution contained only 180 ppm of seaweed polysaccharide. Comparative Example 6

[0031] Comparative Example 6 is basically the same as Example 1, except that ferulic acid is replaced with chlorogenic acid.

[0032] The experimental variety used in the above examples and comparative examples was K326. The test site was located in Nanning City. The number of tobacco plants in each example and comparative example was 20, and the test area was spaced at least 12m apart. Tobacco plants that had not undergone the above treatment were used as blank controls. After the tobacco leaves were harvested, the contents of chlorogenic acid, nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, and total nitrogen in the tobacco plants were measured. The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0033]

[0034] As shown in Table 1, the chlorogenic acid content in the upper, middle, and lower tobacco leaves was significantly increased after using the regulating and promoting solutions, which is beneficial for improving the irritation of the tobacco aroma and enhancing the quality of the tobacco leaves.

[0035]

[0036] As shown in Table 2, the use of regulating and promoting liquids can also adjust the nicotine and total sugar content of the upper and middle tobacco leaves, reduce the nicotine content of the upper tobacco leaves, reduce the irritation of the upper tobacco leaves, increase the nicotine content of the middle tobacco leaves, improve the taste of the middle tobacco leaves, and at the same time make the sugar-alkali ratio and nitrogen-alkali ratio of the tobacco leaves more optimal, and the chemical composition of the tobacco leaves more coordinated.

[0037] In summary, the method of this embodiment can increase the chlorogenic acid content in tobacco leaves, while also making the sugar-alkali ratio and nitrogen-alkali ratio in tobacco leaves more optimal, and the chemical composition of tobacco leaves more coordinated, which can effectively improve the quality of tobacco leaves.

Claims

1. A method for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: (1) Pinch the top of the tobacco plant during the budding stage. Two to three days after pinching the top, apply the regulating solution to the main vein of the upper tobacco leaves and apply the regulating solution to the end of the main vein of the lower tobacco leaves near the stem. The regulating solution shall contain at least 10-30 ppm of ferulic acid. (2) After applying the conditioning solution, spray the entire tobacco plant with the promoting solution 2-3 days later. The promoting solution is composed of soybean polypeptide, seaweed polysaccharide and shiitake mushroom polysaccharide. The concentration of soybean polypeptide is 50-80 ppm, the concentration of seaweed polysaccharide is 60-90 ppm, and the concentration of shiitake mushroom polysaccharide is 30-50 ppm.

2. The method for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditioning solution also contains polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol, wherein the concentration of polyvinyl alcohol is 0.5-2 wt% and the concentration of polyethylene glycol is 0.05-0.3 wt%.

3. The method for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the regulating liquid applied to the lower part of the tobacco leaf's main vein is 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the total length of the lower part of the tobacco leaf's main vein.

4. The method for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conditioning solution consists of the following components: ferulic acid 20 ppm, polyvinyl alcohol 1 wt%, polyethylene glycol 0.1 wt%, and the remainder is water.

5. The method for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period according to claim 1, characterized in that: The promoting solution also contains 0.4-0.9 wt% potassium sulfate.

6. The method for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period according to claim 5, characterized in that: The promoting solution consists of the following components: 60 ppm soybean polypeptide, 80 ppm seaweed polysaccharide, 40 ppm shiitake mushroom polysaccharide, 0.5 wt% potassium sulfate, and the remainder is water.

7. The method for improving tobacco quality during the tobacco leaf maturity period according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the conditioning solution is applied after 18:00 each day.

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