A roadbed settlement detection device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of roadbed settlement detection technology, and more particularly to a roadbed settlement detection device, including a mounting bracket and a base. The invention fixes the mounting bracket and the fixed base to the roadbed measuring point, and constructs the main protective structure through a fixed shell, side plates, and a sealing plate. In daily monitoring, the main sensor continuously detects the vertical displacement of the roadbed, the auxiliary sensor synchronously monitors the tilt angle of the device, and the environmental sensor collects ambient temperature and humidity data in real time. Since this device is often used in outdoor environments, when the temperature is low, water droplets flow down the oblique angle of the top of the fixed shell and enter the vertical gap between the side plates and the fixed shell. When the ice freezes at low temperatures, the side plates are subjected to lateral pressure and move outwards. When the side plates move, they pull the lifting block, and with the support of the base, the lifting block rotates. After the ice melts, it is pulled back by the spring's restoring force. This avoids stress concentration damage caused by ice expansion and ensures the long-term stable operation of the internal sensors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of roadbed settlement detection technology, specifically to a roadbed settlement detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Subgrade settlement monitoring is crucial for the long-term safe operation of transportation infrastructure such as highways and railways. Its necessity lies primarily in the fact that settlement is one of the main manifestations of subgrade defects; if not detected and controlled in a timely manner, it can lead to pavement cracking, structural instability, and even safety accidents. Through regular or real-time monitoring, the dynamic trends of subgrade deformation can be systematically understood, project quality can be assessed, and a scientific basis can be provided for maintenance decisions.

[0003] Existing technologies have the following shortcomings: Current roadbed settlement detection devices typically integrate multiple precision sensors, such as magnetostrictive displacement sensors and inclinometers, into a single structure for installation. To ensure long-term stability, an external metal casing is commonly used for overall coverage and physical protection. However, these devices are often installed in outdoor environments such as highways and railways, facing complex climatic challenges including prolonged exposure to sunlight, rain, and temperature fluctuations. When the ambient temperature is low, especially below freezing, rainwater and condensation seep in through gaps in the casing or through capillary action, accumulating inside. This moisture expands during freezing, creating continuous and uneven compressive stress on the inner wall of the casing. This periodic (freeze-thaw cycle) localized high stress significantly accelerates the fatigue process of the metal material. Under long-term effects, the casing is prone to developing microcracks at stress concentration points (such as welds and corners), which gradually propagate, eventually leading to cracking of the protective structure, sealing failure, or even complete damage. This not only shortens the overall lifespan of the device, but also directly threatens the safety of the internal core sensors and the long-term continuous reliability of measurement data, becoming a major technical pain point restricting the performance of this type of long-term outdoor monitoring equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a roadbed settlement detection device, which solves the problem of poor freeze-thaw resistance of protective structures in low-temperature environments, leading to a shortened service life.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a roadbed settlement detection device, comprising a mounting bracket and a fixing base, and a protective structure mounted on the fixing base, comprising a C-shaped fixing shell sealed at the top and bottom and open on both sides and at the front end, and two side plates covering the openings on both sides of the fixing shell and a sealing plate covering the opening at the front end, wherein the side plates are laterally movable relative to the fixing shell; an adaptive anti-frost heave mechanism, disposed between the fixing shell and the side plates, for allowing the side plates to move outward in a predetermined direction to release stress when water in the gap between the side plates and the fixing shell freezes and expands, and driving the side plates to reset after the ice melts; a displacement detection unit, whose main sensor is installed inside the fixing shell for detecting the vertical settlement displacement of the roadbed; and a control and data acquisition unit electrically connected to the displacement detection unit.

[0006] In some embodiments, the adaptive anti-freezing heave mechanism includes: a water-guiding structure disposed on both sides of the top of the fixed housing, extending downward at an angle, for guiding external water flow to the vertical gap between the side plate and the fixed housing; a movable connection assembly including a base one fixed to the inner wall of the side plate, a base two detachably installed on the inner side of the fixed housing, and a lifting block rotatably connected between the base one and the base two; and a stroke control and reset assembly connected between the lifting block and the fixed housing or the main sensor, for limiting the maximum movement stroke of the side plate and providing a reset force.

[0007] In some embodiments, the stroke control and reset assembly includes: a shaft sleeve rotatably connected to the end of the lifting block; a support rod, one end of which is connected to the shaft sleeve and the other end of which is fixed to the protective frame of the main sensor or its peripheral device; a narrow rod passing through the inside of the support rod to limit the effective extension and retraction length of the support rod, thereby limiting the travel of the side plate; and a spring sleeved on the outside of the narrow rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve to provide an elastic force to drive the side plate to reset after the ice melts.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mobile connection assembly further includes a linkage frame that connects two bases on the same side to ensure that the bases are subjected to uniform force.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sealing plate is connected to the fixed housing via a quick-locking structure, the quick-locking structure comprising: at least one latch disposed on the front sidewall of the fixed housing; a shaped through groove disposed on the end of the sealing plate, matching the size of the latch and for embedding into the outer side of the latch; and a baffle rotatably disposed on the side end of the latch, the baffle rotating to a downward position after the sealing plate is embedded to prevent the sealing plate from coming out.

[0010] In some embodiments, an auxiliary monitoring unit is also included, comprising: an auxiliary sensor mounted on the side wall of the fixed housing for detecting the tilt angle of the device; and an environmental sensor mounted on the outside of one side of the side plate for detecting the ambient temperature, the environmental sensor being fixed by a side bracket.

[0011] In some embodiments, the main sensor is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor; the auxiliary sensor is a biaxial MEMS inclinometer; and the environmental sensor is a patch-type temperature sensor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the side plate is provided with buckles on the upper and lower sides, which are embedded in corresponding grooves in the side wall of the fixed housing to provide guidance and prevent the side plate from tilting when it moves.

[0013] In some embodiments, the main sensor housing of the displacement detection unit is provided with a protective frame for physical protection.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a roadbed settlement detection device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] A roadbed settlement detection device is disclosed, which fixes the mounting bracket and fixed base to the roadbed measuring point, and constructs the main protective structure through a fixed shell, side plates, and sealing plates. During routine monitoring, the main sensor continuously detects the vertical displacement of the roadbed, the auxiliary sensor synchronously monitors the device's tilt angle, and the environmental sensor collects ambient temperature and humidity data in real time. Since this device is commonly used in outdoor environments, when the temperature is low, water droplets flow down the angled top of the fixed shell and enter the vertical gap between the side plates and the fixed shell. When the ice forms at low temperatures, the side plates are subjected to lateral pressure and move outwards. As the side plates move, they pull the lifting block, which rotates under the support of the base, ultimately expanding under the constraint of the struts and narrow rods. After the ice melts, the device is pulled back by the spring's restoring force. This avoids stress concentration damage caused by ice expansion and ensures the long-term stable operation of the internal sensors. The entire process achieves automated continuous acquisition of roadbed settlement data, and the mechanical protection structure, which is adaptable to low-temperature ice expansion, significantly improves the device's durability and measurement reliability in harsh environments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sealing plate after disassembly according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal space structure of the fixed shell of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed housing, side plate, and sealing plate of the present invention after disassembly.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the side plate side wall side frame and the internal structure of the protective frame cross-section of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection positions of the spring, strut, and shaft cylinder of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection positions of base one, base two, and lifting block of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Mounting bracket; 2. Fixing base; 3. Fixing housing; 4. Side plate; 5. Sealing plate; 6. Lock; 7. Baffle; 8. Side frame; 9. Main sensor; 10. Auxiliary sensor; 11. Environmental sensor; 12. Protective frame; 13. Support rod; 14. Base one; 15. Shaft cylinder; 16. Spring; 17. Base two; 18. Lifting block; 19. Linkage frame; 20. Buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-7 In this embodiment: a roadbed settlement detection device includes a mounting bracket 1 and a fixing base 2 for fixing the position. A fixing shell 3, side plates 4, and a sealing plate 5 are provided on the side of the mounting bracket 1 to form a protective structure for the detection device. The fixing shell 3 has a "U"-shaped structure, with open sides and sealed top and bottom. The side plates 4 rest on both sides, and the sealing plate 5 rests on the front end (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown); a base 14 and a base 2 17 are provided on the inner side of the fixed housing 3, and a lifting block 18 is rotatably arranged between the base 14 and the base 2 17 (as shown). Figure 6 As shown), the base 14 is connected to the side plate 4, and the side plate 4 can move laterally by means of the additional stroke provided by the lifting block 18, that is, the side plate 4 moves outward from both sides of the fixed housing 3. This extended stroke mainly acts to protect the expansion caused by water seepage and freezing inside the structure in cold environments. The additional controllable stroke prevents metal fatigue caused by metal stress concentration and thus extends the service life of the protective structure.

[0028] Base 14 is fixed to the inner wall of side plate 4, while base 2 17 is detachably installed inside the fixed housing 3 (e.g., Figure 4 (As shown).

[0029] Side plate 4 is movably connected to both sides of fixed housing 3 via base one 14 and base two 17. Locking buckles 6 are provided on the side walls of fixed housing 3, and baffles 7 are rotatably provided on the side ends of locking buckles 6 (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown), the sealing plate 5 has four sets of irregular through grooves at its end. These through grooves are the same size as the latch 6 and are embedded in the outside of the latch 6 to establish a preliminary connection between the sealing plate 5 and the fixed housing 3.

[0030] To ensure stable installation of the sealing plate 5, after the sealing plate 5 is inserted into the locking buckle 6, the baffle 7 is moved to allow it to rotate freely outside the sealing plate 5, and finally hangs down naturally under the action of gravity (as shown). Figure 3 (As shown in the image) At this time, the sealing plate 5 is blocked by the baffle 7 and will not detach from the fixed housing 3.

[0031] To ensure that water stains in the gaps of the side plate 4 are automatically squeezed to the side after freezing, bevels are made on both sides of the top of the fixed housing 3. These bevels effectively guide the water flow to both sides. As a result, any water stains that may be present in the gaps between the side plate 4 and the fixed housing 3 will only appear in the vertical gaps. This limits the expansion path of the water after freezing. In other words, when ice forms in the vertical gaps, it will only exert a near-vertical lateral force on the side plate 4. This avoids the side plate 4 connector being damaged by oblique squeezing force that deviates from its original expansion stroke.

[0032] To enable smooth lateral movement of the side plate 4, a shaft cylinder 15 is rotatably mounted at the end of the lifting block 18, and a support rod 13 for stabilizing the force transmission is mounted at the end of the shaft cylinder 15. A main sensor 9 for detecting vertical displacement is detachably installed at the bottom inside the fixed housing 3. The main sensor 9 also provides position fixation for the support rod 13. A narrow rod is also inserted inside the support rod 13, and a spring 16 (such as...) is sleeved on the outside of the narrow rod. Figure 6 As shown), the lateral travel of the side plate 4 after driving the base 14 and pulling the lifting block 18 can be limited by the narrow rod inside the support rod 13, thereby making the travel of the side plate 4 more stable.

[0033] The spring 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the shaft sleeve 15, which is used to pull back the base 14 and the side plate 4 during reset (when the ambient temperature rises and forces the ice to melt).

[0034] The main sensor 9 is connected to the end of the strut 13 (e.g. Figure 5 (As shown).

[0035] A linkage frame 19 is provided on the side end of the base 2 17 to connect the base 2 17 on the same side. The linkage frame 19 can keep the base 2 17 on that side under uniform force, while dispersing the local force and preventing stress concentration from causing metal fatigue.

[0036] An auxiliary sensor 10 for detecting tilt error is also provided on the side wall of the fixed housing 3. An environmental sensor 11 for detecting ambient temperature is provided on the side wall of one side plate 4. A side bracket 8 for positioning the environmental sensor 11 is installed on the outside of the environmental sensor 11. Figure 5 (As shown).

[0037] A protective frame 12 is fitted over the outside of the main sensor 9 to provide physical protection (e.g., Figure 5 (As shown).

[0038] The main sensor 9 specifically adopts a magnetostrictive displacement sensor;

[0039] The auxiliary sensor 10 specifically adopts a dual-axis MEMS inclinometer;

[0040] The environmental sensor 11 is specifically a surface-mount temperature sensor.

[0041] Fasteners 20 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the side panel 4 (e.g., Figure 7 As shown), the buckle 20 is embedded inside the side of the fixed housing 3 and provides a lateral positioning effect when the side plate 4 moves to prevent tilting.

[0042] In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 1 and the fixing base 2 are fixed to the roadbed measuring point, and the main protective structure is constructed by the fixing housing 3, the side plate 4, and the sealing plate 5. During daily monitoring, the main sensor 9 continuously detects the vertical displacement of the roadbed, the auxiliary sensor 10 synchronously monitors the tilt angle of the device, and the environmental sensor 11 collects ambient temperature and humidity data in real time. Since this device is often used in outdoor environments, when the temperature is low, water droplets flow down through the top angle of the fixing housing 3 and enter the vertical gap between the side plate 4 and the fixing housing 3. When the temperature freezes, the side plate 4 is subjected to lateral pressure and moves outward. When the side plate 4 moves, it pulls the lifting block 18, and under the support of the base 17, the lifting block 18 rotates, and finally completes the expansion under the limit of the support rod 13 and the narrow rod. After the ice melts, it is pulled back by the restoring force of the spring 16. This avoids stress concentration damage caused by ice expansion and ensures the long-term stable operation of the internal sensors. The entire process realizes the automated continuous acquisition of roadbed settlement data.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roadbed settlement detection device, comprising a mounting bracket (1) and a fixing base (2), characterized in that: It also includes a protective structure installed on the fixed base (2), which includes a C-shaped fixed housing (3) with a sealed top and bottom and open sides and front end, and two side plates (4) covering the openings on both sides of the fixed housing (3) and a sealing plate (5) covering the front end opening, wherein the side plates (4) are laterally movable relative to the fixed housing (3); an adaptive anti-freezing heave mechanism is provided between the fixed housing (3) and the side plates (4) for allowing the side plates (4) to move outward in a predetermined direction to release stress when water in the gap between the side plates (4) and the fixed housing (3) freezes and expands, and driving the side plates (4) to reset after the ice melts; a displacement detection unit, whose main sensor (9) is installed inside the fixed housing (3) for detecting the vertical settlement displacement of the roadbed; and a control and data acquisition unit electrically connected to the displacement detection unit.

2. The roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive anti-freezing mechanism includes: a water guiding structure, which is set on the top two sides of the fixed housing (3) and is an angled structure extending downward, for guiding external water flow to the vertical gap between the side plate (4) and the fixed housing (3); a movable connection assembly, including a base one (14) fixed to the inner wall of the side plate (4), a base two (17) detachably installed on the inner side of the fixed housing (3), and a lifting block (18) rotatably connected between the base one (14) and the base two (17); and a stroke control and reset assembly, which is connected between the lifting block (18) and the fixed housing (3) or the main sensor (9), for limiting the maximum movement stroke of the side plate (4) and providing a reset force.

3. The roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stroke control and reset assembly includes: a shaft cylinder (15) rotatably connected to the end of the lifting block (18); a support rod (13), one end of which is connected to the shaft cylinder (15) and the other end is fixed to the main sensor (9) or its external protective frame (12); a narrow rod, which passes through the inside of the support rod (13) to limit the effective extension length of the support rod (13), thereby limiting the travel of the side plate (4); and a spring (16), which is sleeved on the outside of the narrow rod and one end of which is fixedly connected to the shaft cylinder (15) to provide an elastic force to drive the side plate (4) to reset after the ice melts.

4. The roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mobile connection assembly also includes a linkage frame (19), which connects two bases (17) on the same side to ensure that the bases (17) are subjected to uniform force.

5. The roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing plate (5) is connected to the fixed housing (3) by a quick-locking structure, which includes: at least one latch (6) provided on the front side wall of the fixed housing (3); a shaped through groove provided on the end of the sealing plate (5), matching the size of the latch (6) and used to be embedded in the outside of the latch (6); and a baffle (7) rotatably provided on the side of the latch (6), which rotates to a downward position after the sealing plate (5) is embedded to prevent the sealing plate (5) from falling out.

6. The roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an auxiliary monitoring unit, which includes: an auxiliary sensor (10) installed on the side wall of the fixed housing (3) for detecting the tilt angle of the device; and an environmental sensor (11) installed on the outside of the side plate (4) on one side for detecting the ambient temperature. The environmental sensor (11) is fixed by a side frame (8).

7. A roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main sensor (9) is a magnetostrictive displacement sensor; the auxiliary sensor (10) is a biaxial MEMS tiltmeter; and the environmental sensor (11) is a patch-type temperature sensor.

8. The roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate (4) is provided with buckles (20) on the upper and lower sides. The buckles (20) are embedded in the corresponding grooves of the side wall of the fixed housing (3) to provide guidance and prevent the side plate (4) from tilting when it moves.

9. A roadbed settlement detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main sensor (9) of the displacement detection unit is covered with a protective frame (12) for physical protection.

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