Lightweight high-strength basalt fiber composite material multifunctional electric pole, accessory, preparation method and application of lightweight high-strength basalt fiber composite material multifunctional electric pole

Abstract

The invention provides a lightweight high-strength basalt fiber composite material multifunctional electric pole, accessories, a preparation method and application. Through a diamond structure, metal / fiber hybrid reinforcement and a multi-angle laying multi-stage synergistic reinforcement mechanism, the weight is greatly reduced, meanwhile, extremely high mechanical strength is achieved, and the contradiction between light weight and high strength is solved; the integrally-formed ultraviolet-proof layer and the weather-proof modified resin matrix jointly form a dual-protection system, it is ensured that the product can pass a strict ultraviolet aging test, the service life is prolonged, and the service life far exceeds that of a traditional electric pole; the weight is greatly reduced, so that the transportation and installation cost is reduced, installation personnel are reduced, large machinery is not needed, and the construction efficiency is improved by multiple times; due to the high-toughness design, the cable is excellent in performance under severe weather such as typhoon; the use safety is improved due to the insulating and flame-retardant characteristics; the special power distribution system fundamentally solves the problems of gliding, water inflowing and the like in the application of the composite material rod, and high reliability is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of composite material structural components, specifically to a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole, accessories, preparation method, and applications. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional utility poles are mainly made of reinforced concrete or wood. Reinforced concrete poles have disadvantages such as heavy weight, difficulty in transportation and installation, need for large machinery, low construction efficiency, high cost, brittle fracture, and poor corrosion resistance. Wooden poles, on the other hand, suffer from uneven strength, susceptibility to rot and insect infestation, short service life, and depletion of forest resources.

[0003] With the rapid development of communication networks and the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction, higher demands are being placed on the lightweight, rapid deployment, durability, and overall cost of utility poles. Basalt fiber composite materials, as an emerging high-performance material, are beginning to be applied to pole structures due to their advantages such as high strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, and good electrical insulation. However, existing composite material poles still face some technical bottlenecks: Insufficient long-term weather resistance: The resin matrix is ​​prone to aging and pulverization under long-term ultraviolet radiation and humid heat cycling, resulting in a significant decrease in mechanical properties; Low structural efficiency: Most products adopt a simple cylindrical structure with limited bending and torsional stiffness, which can easily lead to excessive deflection or even failure under severe weather conditions (such as typhoons); Weak interfacial bonding: If metal reinforcing ribs are added to the composite material, the large difference in their thermal expansion coefficients can easily cause stress concentration at the interface, leading to debonding and affecting the overall load-bearing capacity; Incompatible accessory system: There is a lack of dedicated accessories designed for the characteristics of composite material rods, such as anti-slip clamp bushings and waterproof end caps, resulting in problems such as insecure fixing and water ingress in actual engineering applications.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a composite material pole that is lightweight, high-strength, has excellent weather resistance, is structurally stable, and is equipped with a complete power distribution system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole, accessories, preparation method and application, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole includes a pole body; the pole body is a hollow prism with a uniform cross-section formed by pultrusion and winding of basalt fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material; the cross-section of the pole body is polygonal; at least six high-strength steel bars are embedded in the resin matrix of the pole body and arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction of the pole body; the outer surface of the pole body has a functional layer integrally formed with the pole body.

[0007] Optionally, the high-strength steel bars are No. 60 or higher high-strength threaded steel bars, and the high-strength steel bars are respectively arranged on the inner side of the corner of the hollow prism.

[0008] Optionally, in the basalt fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, the reinforcing material includes continuous basalt fiber untwisted roving, and its layup structure is a composite structure of ±45° circumferential winding layer and 0° axial layup layer; the resin matrix is ​​unsaturated polyester resin or vinyl ester resin modified for weather resistance and toughness.

[0009] Optionally, the functional layer is an ultraviolet-protective layer, which is composed of a resin matrix rich in ultraviolet absorbers and nano-fumed silica.

[0010] Optionally, the wall thickness of the rod is in the range of 4.3mm to 4.7mm; the load-bearing capacity crack test bending moment of the rod is not less than 13.88kN·m.

[0011] An accessory for a multi-functional utility pole made of lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite material, as described above, includes: The anti-sinking bushing is a sleeve structure made of composite material, with an inner hole shape that matches the outer wall of the rod and an outer cylindrical shape. The end cap is an integral component made of composite material, comprising an outer end that conforms to the external shape of the rod's cross-section and an inner end that is embedded in the inner diameter of the rod and has a cross-shaped reinforcing rib structure.

[0012] A method for preparing the above-mentioned lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: Provides surface-treated continuous basalt fiber untwisted roving and high-strength steel bars; S2: Basalt fibers and high-strength steel bars are guided through a resin impregnation tank to impregnate them in modified resin; S3: The impregnated basalt fibers and high-strength steel bars are pre-shaped and laid up using a pre-forming mold; S4: The pre-formed material is fed into the main forming mold, and axial pultrusion and circumferential winding are performed simultaneously to form a composite blank; S5: The compound fertilizer is cured in sections using a curing oven; S6: A layer of resin rich in anti-aging additives is co-extruded onto the surface of the cured rod to form an integrated functional layer; S7: Perform fixed-length cutting and install accessories.

[0013] Optionally, in step S4, the circumferential winding angle is ±45°, and the axial pultrusion speed is matched with the circumferential winding rate to achieve a composite layup structure of ±45° circumferential winding layer and 0° axial layup layer.

[0014] Optionally, in step S2, the modified resin includes a matrix resin and 2% to 3% nano-fumed silica, 1% to 2% ultraviolet absorber, 5% to 8% toughening agent, and a composite flame retardant sufficient to achieve an oxygen index of 29% to 32% by weight of the matrix resin.

[0015] Application of a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole in the construction of communication networks, monitoring poles, temporary pole lines, or remote stations.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this application provides a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole, accessories, preparation method, and applications. It possesses superior mechanical properties and lightweight characteristics: through a multi-level synergistic reinforcement mechanism of "prismatic structure, metal / fiber hybrid reinforcement, and multi-angle layup," it achieves extremely high mechanical strength while significantly reducing weight, resolving the contradiction between lightweight and high strength; the integrally molded UV-resistant layer and the weather-modified resin matrix together constitute a dual protection system, ensuring the product can pass rigorous UV aging tests, extending its service life far beyond traditional poles; the significant weight reduction lowers transportation and installation costs, reduces the number of installation personnel, eliminates the need for large machinery, and increases construction efficiency several times over; the high-toughness design makes it perform excellently in severe weather conditions such as typhoons; insulation and flame-retardant properties improve safety; the dedicated power distribution system fundamentally solves the pain points of slippage and water ingress in composite pole applications, achieving high reliability; the entire production process involves no high-temperature sintering, resulting in low energy consumption; the product is recyclable and reusable, conforming to the concept of green environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional pole bushing.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a ring-shaped clamp.

[0019] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the preparation method of a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of a multi-functional utility pole made of lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite material.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a fabrication diagram for a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional utility pole.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the construction of another type of lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional utility pole.

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the completed construction of a multi-functional utility pole made of lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite material. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, or an intervening element may be present simultaneously. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 7 This invention provides a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole, comprising a pole body; the pole body is a hollow prism with a uniform cross-section formed by pultrusion and winding of basalt fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material; the cross-section of the pole body is polygonal; at least six high-strength steel bars are incorporated in the resin matrix of the pole body and arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction of the pole body; the outer surface of the pole body has a functional layer integrally formed with the pole body.

[0027] This structural design gives the pole both lightweight and high strength. Thanks to the use of basalt fiber reinforced resin matrix composites, the pole's weight is significantly reduced compared to traditional poles, facilitating transportation and installation, and lowering construction costs and complexity. The uniform cross-section hollow prism design further reduces its weight while maintaining strength. The polygonal cross-section not only increases the pole's stability but also better disperses external forces, improving its resistance to wind and earthquakes.

[0028] High-strength steel bars embedded in the resin matrix act as the "skeleton" of the utility pole, significantly enhancing its load-bearing capacity and bending resistance, enabling it to withstand greater external forces and adapt to diverse operating environments. The integrally molded functional layer further enriches the pole's functionality. For example, this layer can possess anti-corrosion, moisture-proof, and UV-resistant properties, effectively extending the pole's lifespan and reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the functional layer can be customized to meet specific needs, such as adding electrical conductivity or communication capabilities, making the pole a multi-functional structure.

[0029] In practical applications, this lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole can be widely used in power transmission, communication base station construction, and other fields. Its unique performance advantages can meet the needs of different scenarios, providing strong support for the development of related industries. Moreover, with continuous technological advancements and the expansion of its application scope, this type of pole is expected to become a mainstream product in the future pole market.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the high-strength steel bars are No. 60 or higher high-strength threaded steel bars, and the high-strength steel bars are respectively arranged on the inner side of the corner of the hollow prism.

[0031] This arrangement effectively enhances the bending and compressive strength of the poles, especially in corner areas where stress concentration makes the reinforcement effect of the steel bars more significant. The diameter of the steel bars is typically customized according to the pole specifications; for example, 12-20 mm threaded steel bars are used in standard sizes and arranged at equal intervals to ensure uniform load distribution. Simultaneously, the steel bar surfaces undergo rust removal and activation treatment to improve adhesion to the resin matrix and prevent interface slippage or corrosion. Furthermore, the quantity and layout of the steel bars can be adjusted according to different application scenarios; for example, increasing the steel bar density in areas with high winds further enhances the overall structural durability and reliability.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, the basalt fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material includes continuous basalt fiber untwisted roving, and its layup structure is a composite structure of ±45° circumferential winding layer and 0° axial layup layer; the resin matrix is ​​unsaturated polyester resin or vinyl ester resin that has been modified for weather resistance and toughness.

[0033] The ±45° circumferential winding layer effectively enhances the composite material's shear and impact resistance, particularly reducing stress concentration when resisting wind loads and seismic forces. The 0° axial layup significantly improves axial tensile and compressive strength, ensuring the pole's stability under vertical loads. This layup combination achieves isotropic mechanical property enhancement through optimized fiber orientation, while reducing material waste and manufacturing costs. Weather modification in the resin matrix is ​​achieved by adding UV stabilizers and antioxidants, effectively preventing resin aging, discoloration, or cracking in outdoor environments. Toughness modification involves introducing elastomers or nanofillers to increase the resin's fracture toughness, avoid brittle failure, and improve the overall structure's fatigue life. Furthermore, the composite material is manufactured using a vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding process, ensuring uniform fiber-resin impregnation and interfacial bonding strength, reducing bubbles and defects, thereby improving the pole's reliability and service life. In applications, this design is suitable for cold, windy, or corrosive environments, such as power transmission lines in coastal and mountainous areas. It can be integrated with smart sensors to achieve structural health monitoring.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, the functional layer is an ultraviolet-protective layer, which is composed of a resin matrix rich in ultraviolet absorbers and nano-fumed silica.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the functional layer is a UV-protective layer, which is composed of a resin matrix rich in UV absorbers and nano-fumed silica. This UV-protective layer significantly reduces the photo-oxidation rate of the resin by efficiently absorbing the ultraviolet bands of solar radiation, thereby effectively preventing surface chalking, fading, and microcrack formation. Simultaneously, the uniform dispersion of nano-fumed silica not only enhances the stability and durability of the UV absorbers but also improves the resin's abrasion resistance and surface hardness, ensuring the pole maintains its aesthetics and structural integrity under long-term outdoor exposure. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of this functional layer and the weather-resistant modification of the overall resin matrix further optimizes the pole's resistance to environmental aging, making it particularly suitable for areas with high UV intensity, such as deserts or tropical regions. Combined with intelligent sensor monitoring, it can provide real-time early warning of potential degradation risks.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, the wall thickness of the rod is in the range of 4.3mm to 4.7mm; the load-bearing capacity crack test bending moment of the rod is not less than 13.88kN·m.

[0037] In one specific embodiment, the wall thickness of the pole body ranges from 4.3mm to 4.7mm; the load-bearing capacity crack test bending moment of the pole body is not less than 13.88kN·m. This wall thickness design ensures the pole body is lightweight while providing excellent bending stiffness and structural stability, effectively resisting dynamic loads generated by severe weather conditions such as strong winds and icing; its strictly controlled crack test bending moment value ensures that the pole can maintain structural integrity under extreme loads, meeting the stringent safety requirements of high-voltage transmission lines. Simultaneously, this structural characteristic, in synergy with the aforementioned weather-resistant protection of the functional layer, jointly enhances the long-term service performance of the pole in complex outdoor environments, making its overall performance far exceed that of traditional concrete or steel poles.

[0038] An accessory for a multi-functional utility pole made of lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite material, as described above, includes: The anti-sinking bushing is a sleeve structure made of composite material, with an inner hole shape that matches the outer wall of the rod and an outer cylindrical shape. The end cap is an integral component made of composite material, comprising an outer end that conforms to the external shape of the rod's cross-section and an inner end that is embedded in the inner diameter of the rod and has a cross-shaped reinforcing rib structure.

[0039] The anti-sinking bushing has a wall thickness controlled within the range of 2.5mm to 3.0mm. Its composite material uses a basalt fiber reinforced polymer matrix. This design not only reduces weight but also effectively prevents displacement and settlement during installation through precise matching with the pole body via polygonal inner holes. The external cylindrical structure facilitates connection with the foundation or other fixing devices, ensuring the stability of the pole under dynamic loads. The inner cross-shaped reinforcing ribs of the end cap are 5mm to 6mm thick. This structure significantly improves the compressive and bending strength of the end, preventing deformation of the pole end under strong winds or icing conditions. The seamless fit between the outer end and the pole cross-section, combined with the high weather resistance of the composite material, further isolates moisture and corrosive media, extending the service life of the components. The synergistic design of these components and the pole body achieves overall lightweight and high-strength characteristics, providing additional safety and ease of installation in high-voltage transmission line applications. Furthermore, in conjunction with the weather-resistant protection of the aforementioned functional layers, it jointly addresses the challenges of complex outdoor environments.

[0040] A method for preparing a multifunctional pole made of lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite material as described above, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: Provides surface-treated continuous basalt fiber untwisted roving and high-strength steel bars; S2: Basalt fibers and high-strength steel bars are guided through a resin impregnation tank to impregnate them in modified resin; S3: The impregnated basalt fibers and high-strength steel bars are pre-shaped and laid up using a pre-forming mold; S4: The pre-formed material is fed into the main forming mold, and axial pultrusion and circumferential winding are performed simultaneously to form a composite blank; S5: The compound fertilizer is cured in sections using a curing oven; S6: A layer of resin rich in anti-aging additives is co-extruded onto the surface of the cured rod to form an integrated functional layer; S7: Perform fixed-length cutting and install accessories.

[0041] S8: After the accessories are installed, the poles undergo non-destructive testing and load simulation testing, including verification of compressive and bending strength, as well as stability assessment under dynamic loads, to ensure that their performance under strong wind or icing conditions meets the application standards for high-voltage transmission lines.

[0042] S9: The functional layer is tested for weather resistance using an accelerated aging test chamber to simulate changes in ultraviolet radiation, humidity, and temperature in an outdoor environment. This verifies the long-term protective effect of the anti-aging additives and works in conjunction with the seamless bonding structure of the end caps to prevent the intrusion of moisture and corrosive media.

[0043] S10: After testing, the surface is cleaned and a protective coating is applied to further enhance the weather resistance of the pole and accessories, ensuring extended service life in complex environments; finally, packaging, labeling, and transportation preparations are carried out to optimize installation convenience.

[0044] The preparation method is achieved through the following complete process: First, the surface of continuous basalt fiber untwisted roving and high-strength steel bars is treated; then, the materials are guided to be fully impregnated through a modified resin impregnation tank; after preliminary shaping by a pre-forming mold, they enter the main forming mold and simultaneously undergo axial pultrusion and circumferential winding to form a composite billet; the billet is treated with a zoned curing process, and an anti-aging resin functional layer is co-extruded onto the surface of the cured rod; after being cut to a fixed length, accessories are assembled, and the compressive and bending strength and dynamic load stability are verified through non-destructive testing and load simulation tests; an accelerated aging test chamber is used to simulate the outdoor environment, and the weather resistance and impermeability of the functional layer are verified in conjunction with the end cap sealing structure; finally, surface protection treatment is implemented and packaging and labeling are completed to optimize installation convenience.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, in step S4, the circumferential winding angle is ±45°, and the axial pultrusion speed is matched with the circumferential winding rate to achieve a composite layup structure of ±45° circumferential winding layer and 0° axial layup layer.

[0046] In one specific implementation, see Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4The image shows the actual processing. Further, in step S4, the circumferential winding angle is ±45°, and the axial pultrusion speed is matched with the circumferential winding rate to achieve a composite layup structure of ±45° circumferential winding layer and 0° axial layup layer. This angle design effectively disperses stress distribution under dynamic loads, significantly improving the compressive and bending strength of the rod in both axial and circumferential directions, while ensuring uniform bonding at the layup interface and avoiding interlayer delamination. Rate matching is achieved by adjusting the synchronization of the pultrusion machine and winding equipment in real time through a closed-loop control system, optimizing production efficiency and reducing material waste. In addition, this composite layup structure enhances the fatigue resistance of the rod in complex environments and provides stable matrix support for subsequent curing processes, thereby synergistically improving the overall structural durability and ease of installation.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, in step S2, the modified resin includes a matrix resin and 2% to 3% by weight of nano-fumed silica, 1% to 2% by weight of ultraviolet absorber, 5% to 8% by weight of toughening agent, and a composite flame retardant sufficient to achieve an oxygen index of 29% to 32%.

[0048] Among them, nano-fumed silica significantly improves the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the resin matrix through nanoscale dispersion effect; ultraviolet absorber can effectively inhibit aging and degradation caused by outdoor ultraviolet radiation and extend the service life of materials; the addition of toughening agent enhances the toughness and impact resistance of composite materials and avoids brittle fracture; composite flame retardant ensures that the oxygen index is stable at 29% to 32% through synergistic flame retardant mechanism, giving the material excellent fireproof and self-extinguishing properties, while not affecting the compatibility and processing fluidity of other components.

[0049] Application of a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole in the construction of communication networks, monitoring poles, temporary pole lines, or remote stations.

[0050] In communication network construction, the lightweight nature of this pole significantly reduces transportation and installation costs, while its high-strength basalt fiber matrix provides reliable structural support, effectively supporting antennas and transmission equipment. In surveillance pole applications, its UV resistance ensures long-term outdoor stability, and its flame-retardant properties enhance environmental safety, preventing fire hazards. In temporary pole deployments or remote station deployments, its quick and convenient installation design, combined with excellent fatigue resistance and durability, adapts to complex terrain and frequent disassembly requirements, while the toughening agent provides impact resistance to prevent accidental breakage. Furthermore, this material shows great potential in intelligent transportation, emergency communications, and urban infrastructure; its multifunctionality allows for the integration of sensors or solar panels, further enhancing its comprehensive application value. Example

[0051] Preparation and performance of 7-meter multi-functional utility pole 1. Raw materials and formula: Reinforcing materials: Continuous basalt fiber untwisted roving, with a volume content of approximately 55%.

[0052] Six Φ6mm No.60 high-strength threaded steel bars, with the surface phosphated and then coated with an epoxy transition layer.

[0053] Resin matrix: Weather-resistant isophthalic acid-based unsaturated polyester resin.

[0054] Modifying additives: percentage of resin by weight: Nano-sized fumed silica: 2.5% Ultraviolet absorber (UV-9): 1.5% CTBN toughening agent: 6% Composite flame retardant (aluminum hydroxide: microcapsule red phosphorus = 8:1): 15% (to achieve an oxygen index of 30%) 2. Preparation process: S1. Pretreatment: Basalt fibers are treated with KH-550 silane coupling agent. After rust removal and phosphating, the reinforcing bars are impregnated with a layer of epoxy resin adhesive.

[0055] S2. Impregnation: The treated fibers and reinforcing bars are passed through a closed impregnation tank and fully impregnated with the modified resin.

[0056] S3. Pre-forming: The material is precisely guided to the inner hexagonal positioning of the 6 steel bars through a hexagonal pre-forming mold.

[0057] S4. Composite molding: Enter the hexagonal main molding mold, with a traction speed of 0.8m / min, while the winding head performs circumferential winding at an angle of ±45°, and the yarn tension is controlled at 25N.

[0058] S5 Curing: Cured in a three-stage curing oven with temperature gradients of 100℃ (pre-gel), 150℃ (main curing), and 160℃ (post-curing), with a total length of approximately 12 meters.

[0059] S6 Surface Coating: At the outlet, a layer of homogeneous resin containing 3% UV absorber is uniformly coated on the surface of the rod through an annular co-extrusion die, forming a smooth and dense protective layer with a thickness of 0.4 mm.

[0060] S7 post-processing: Cut to a fixed length of 7 meters, mark a 1.4-meter burial depth line on the lower section of the pole, and press in the matching bushings and end caps.

[0061] 3. Performance Test and Experimental Results: The 7-meter pole samples were tested according to relevant national standards and our company's specifications, and the results are as follows: Table 1: Main Performance Indicators of the Product in Example 1 Test Project unit Technical Requirements Test Results in conclusion gross weight kg ≤35 32.5 qualified Wall thickness mm 4.5±0.2 4.48 qualified Bearing capacity crack test bending moment kN·m ≥13.88 14.7 qualified Deflection at the top of the pole under standard load mm ≤483 428 qualified Axial tensile strength MPa ≥500 528 qualified Axial bending strength MPa ≥500 541 qualified Axial compressive strength MPa ≥300 322 qualified Oxygen Index % 29-32 30.5 qualified UV aging (240h) - No cracks, no powdering Surface intact qualified Flexural modulus retention % ≥85 88 qualified Comparative Example 1: Traditional Ring-Shaped Concrete Pole A 7-meter non-prestressed cement pole suitable for the same application scenario was selected from the market.

[0062] Table 2: Performance and Comparison of Comparative Example 1 Comparison items Comparative Example 1 (Cement Pole) Example 1 (Invention) Comparative analysis weight ~320kg 32.5kg This invention is 90% lighter Number of installers 6 people + crane 2 people Labor costs reduced by 67% Installation time ~4 hours / root ~30 minutes / root Efficiency increased by 700% Impact resistance Brittle and easily broken Toughness, bendability and recovery This invention has high security. Corrosion resistance Poor quality, easily corroded by salt and alkali Excellent This invention has a long lifespan. Maintenance costs High temperature, requires regular anti-corrosion treatment. Extremely low, maintenance-free This invention has low overall cost See Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole provided in this application has a small mass, therefore, only two people are needed to complete the construction process. Figure 4 and Figure 6 For on-site construction drawings, Figure 7 This is a completed construction drawing.

[0063] Comparative Example 2: Pure BFRP round bar without steel reinforcement It uses the same basalt fiber and base resin, but is made into a round tube (150mm outer diameter) using the traditional winding process, and does not contain steel reinforcement.

[0064] Table 3: Comparison of mechanical properties between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1

[0065] Results Analysis: Although Comparative Example 2 is the lightest, its key mechanical properties fall far short of the technical specifications. This invention, through a hybrid reinforcement of hexagonal structure and metal ribs, achieves a perfect balance between lightweight and high performance by sacrificing 16% weight for a 61% increase in load-bearing capacity and a 24% increase in stiffness.

[0066] Comparative Example 3: Same formulation rod without surface functional layer Produced in the same batch as Example 1, but the surface co-extrusion coating process is omitted in step S6.

[0067] Weather resistance comparison test: The samples of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 were placed in the UV aging chamber at the same time, and the conditions were in accordance with the specifications: 8h drying (60℃), 4h condensation (50℃), and the cycle was 240 hours.

[0068] Appearance: The surface of the Comparative Example 3 sample showed obvious microcracks and slight powdering; the surface of the Example 1 sample was intact, but the gloss was slightly reduced.

[0069] Performance retention: After aging, the flexural strength of Comparative Example 3 was 72%, while that of Example 1 was 88%.

[0070] Results analysis: This comparison proves that the integrated co-extruded functional layer is crucial for resisting UV aging and maintaining long-term mechanical properties, and is the key to achieving an ultra-long service life of more than 12 years.

[0071] Example 2: 8-meter multi-functional utility pole Using the same material system and process as in Example 1, and adjusting the traction speed to 0.75 m / min to ensure full curing, an 8-meter pole was produced. The final product weighed 38.2 kg (≤40 kg), and the crack test bending moment was 15.1 kN·m. All performance characteristics met or exceeded the technical requirements for an 8-meter pole.

[0072] Industrial applicability The multifunctional utility pole and its manufacturing method provided by this invention have mature and stable processes, making them easy to automate and scale up production. The product has been piloted in various scenarios (such as external power supply, transmission lines, and remote stations) in multiple provinces and cities, including China Telecom, Guangdong Tower, Chongqing Broadcasting, and Henan Mobile, proving its advantages of convenient installation, reliable performance, and high overall efficiency, and demonstrating broad industrial applicability and promotional value.

[0073] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0074] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole, characterized in that, The rod includes a rod body; the rod body is a hollow prism with a uniform cross-section formed by pultrusion and winding of basalt fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material; the cross-section of the rod body is polygonal; at least six high-strength steel bars are arranged parallel to each other along the axial direction of the rod body in the resin matrix of the rod body; the outer surface of the rod body has a functional layer integrally formed with the rod body.

2. The lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-strength steel bars are No. 60 or higher high-strength threaded steel bars, and the high-strength steel bars are respectively arranged on the inner side of the corner of the hollow prism.

3. The lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the basalt fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, the reinforcing material includes continuous basalt fiber untwisted roving, and its layup structure is a composite structure of ±45° circumferential winding layer and 0° axial layup layer; the resin matrix is ​​unsaturated polyester resin or vinyl ester resin that has been modified for weather resistance and toughness.

4. The lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole according to claim 3, characterized in that, The functional layer is an ultraviolet-protective layer, which is composed of a resin matrix rich in ultraviolet absorbers and nano-fumed silica.

5. The lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wall thickness of the rod ranges from 4.3 mm to 4.7 mm; the load-bearing capacity cracking test bending moment of the rod is not less than 13.88 kN·m.

6. An accessory for a multifunctional utility pole made of lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite material as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The anti-sinking bushing is a sleeve structure made of composite material, with an inner hole shape that matches the outer wall of the rod and an outer cylindrical shape. The end cap is an integral component made of composite material, comprising an outer end that conforms to the external shape of the rod's cross-section and an inner end that is embedded in the inner diameter of the rod and has a cross-shaped reinforcing rib structure.

7. A method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Provides surface-treated continuous basalt fiber untwisted roving and high-strength steel bars; S2: Basalt fibers and high-strength steel bars are guided through a resin impregnation tank to impregnate them in modified resin; S3: The impregnated basalt fibers and high-strength steel bars are pre-shaped and laid up using a pre-forming mold; S4: The pre-formed material is fed into the main forming mold, and axial pultrusion and circumferential winding are performed simultaneously to form a composite blank; S5: The compound fertilizer is cured in sections using a curing oven; S6: A layer of resin rich in anti-aging additives is co-extruded onto the surface of the cured rod to form an integrated functional layer; S7: Perform fixed-length cutting and install accessories.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S4, the circumferential winding angle is ±45°, and the axial pultrusion speed is matched with the circumferential winding rate to achieve a composite layup structure of ±45° circumferential winding layer and 0° axial layup layer.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the modified resin includes a matrix resin and 2% to 3% nano-fumed silica, 1% to 2% ultraviolet absorber, 5% to 8% toughening agent, and a composite flame retardant sufficient to achieve an oxygen index of 29% to 32% by weight of the matrix resin.

10. The application of the lightweight, high-strength basalt fiber composite multifunctional pole according to any one of claims 1-5 in communication network monitoring, pole erection, temporary pole lines or remote station construction.

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