Photovoltaic water bed heat recovery coupled quadruple supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery coupled quadruple supply system, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic new energy, refrigeration air conditioners and building energy conservation. According to the system, a photovoltaic power system is innovatively coupled with a three-purpose machine, the three-purpose machine is composed of a compressor, a hot water heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a liquid storage device, a throttling assembly and a Y-shaped three-way connector, and the functions of air conditioning, heating and hot water triple co-generation are achieved through four refrigerant circulation loops; particularly, a flexible water bed heat receiver is arranged on the back of the photovoltaic module, a rigid corrugated pressing plate is adopted to tightly press and attach a flexible water bed to the back of the photovoltaic module, the efficient photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger is formed, waste heat is collected for heating or heating water, the heat transfer performance is excellent, the process is simple, and the cost is low; through comprehensive gradient utilization of electric power and heat energy, seven high-efficiency energy-saving operation modes are developed, a photovoltaic energy and consumption combined local consumption demonstration scheme is constructed, and an innovative solution path is provided for green building energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of distributed photovoltaic and building heating, ventilation and air conditioning system combined energy technology, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic coupled electric cooling and heating hot water quadruple supply system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In building energy consumption, refrigeration, heating and domestic hot water supply account for a major part; at present, the conventional solution relies on grid power to drive air conditioners and electric water heaters, which causes great pressure on the power grid during peak electricity consumption periods; although solar water heaters can save part of the electricity, they are greatly affected by the weather, and there is a supply and demand contradiction between excess heat in summer and insufficient heat in winter; from the perspective of thermodynamics, solar radiation energy is a high-grade energy that contains a large amount of effective energy that can be converted into work; if it is only used to prepare low-temperature domestic hot water, it is essentially a waste of energy quality, but this problem has not been fully addressed for a long time; at present, solar photovoltaic power generation technology has become mature, and large-scale centralized photovoltaic power stations deliver electricity to the national power grid after inversion; however, the centralized power generation area and the power consumption area are often far apart, and the storage and transmission of electricity are complex and accompanied by considerable energy loss; in contrast, distributed photovoltaic power generation combined with electric energy storage technology can supply power to household appliances on site, which has significant advantages and represents an important development direction for the use of new energy; the application of solar photovoltaic in building energy supply has attracted great attention to the construction of green energy buildings; there are some existing technologies that use photovoltaic power generation to directly drive air conditioners, for example, the invention patent with application number 201110240252.8 “Solar photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and solar frequency conversion air conditioning system” discloses a solar air conditioning system using a direct current frequency conversion air conditioner; for another example, application number 201811035927.3 (publication number 108870602 A) discloses a “solar photothermal, photovoltaic and air conditioning integrated system”, which includes a solar photovoltaic device, a solar heat pipe device, and an indoor absorption refrigeration device, a radiant heating device and a control system, without hot water production function; for another example, the application number 202311592722.6 “air conditioning system, air conditioner and control method” discloses a relatively complex system structure, which has limited practical value; in summary, such schemes either have single function, usually only refrigeration / heating or simple hot water production, or are too complex to be popularized, and none of them can deeply integrate power generation, refrigeration, heating, hot water and other functions into an efficient and coordinated overall system. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a truly quadruple supply system that can deeply integrate photovoltaic power generation, efficient recovery of photovoltaic waste heat, and intelligent coordination of refrigeration, heating and hot water. SUMMARY

[0003] This invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and proposes a photovoltaic-waterbed heat recovery coupled quadruple power system. Based on the principle of efficient cascade utilization of solar energy, the system first converts high-grade solar radiation energy into electrical energy using a photovoltaic power system. This electrical energy then drives a multi-functional air conditioner. The air conditioner absorbs low-grade air energy to generate heat, obtaining several times the amount of heat consumed for heating or producing domestic hot water. Simultaneously, it achieves cooling and air conditioning while absorbing heat from indoor air. The system's overall energy efficiency ratio can reach over 6.5. This significantly alleviates the power supply pressure on the public power grid in summer and provides cooling in spring and autumn. When the photovoltaic power unit is idle, the photovoltaic power system can feed surplus electricity back to the municipal power grid. The system also uses a flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger added to the back of the photovoltaic modules to absorb waste heat from the back of the photovoltaic modules to produce hot water and provide auxiliary heating. The technology of this invention constructs a four-in-one energy-saving system that integrates electricity, air conditioning, heating and hot water, realizing the scientific utilization of solar energy and the local consumption of solar power generation. It effectively reduces the dependence of the residential sector on traditional carbon-based electricity and gas for cooling, air conditioning, domestic hot water and winter heating, reduces carbon emissions, and provides an advanced and feasible technical model for green energy buildings.

[0004] A photovoltaic-water bed heat recovery coupled quad-power system, characterized in that the system is a quad-power system that couples the functionality and heat utilization of a photovoltaic power input system and a multi-functional air conditioner; the system includes: The photovoltaic power input system is configured to be bidirectionally metered and connected to the municipal power grid, and the electricity generated is used to drive the multi-functional air conditioner and its auxiliary equipment. The multi-functional air conditioner includes a cooling, heating, and hot water unit and a cooling and heating air conditioner, which are electrically connected to the photovoltaic power input system. It cools and ventilates by absorbing indoor air heat energy, or heats and ventilates by absorbing outdoor air heat energy. The cooling, heating, and hot water unit, or simply the three-in-one unit, absorbs indoor air heat energy to achieve cooling, dehumidification, and hot water production; and absorbs outdoor air heat energy to produce domestic hot water or provide heating. The photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger consists of a photovoltaic module as the heat source and a flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger attached to its back. It is used to collect the waste heat of the photovoltaic module and to assist in heating or produce domestic hot water. The indoor air conditioning and heating heat exchange system is the indoor heat exchanger of the multi-functional air conditioner. It is a heat transport and heat exchange system that transfers cold or heat to the indoor air through its associated equipment, and is used to realize indoor cooling, air conditioning or heating. The hot water preparation and supply system includes: a hot water preparation circuit in the hot water preparation section that uses a hot water heat exchanger of a three-in-one hot and cold water machine and a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as heat sources; a hot water supply section that supplies the prepared hot water for domestic hot water use, a tap water inlet pipe; and a supplementary hot water circuit that can selectively provide supplementary heating for indoor use. The signal detection, processing and execution system includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to a multi-functional air conditioner, a hot water circulation pump and a three-way switching valve; The system includes: a first system and a second system; the first system is a four-in-one power supply system of photovoltaic water bed heat recovery coupled with a three-in-one machine; the second system is a four-in-one power supply system of photovoltaic water bed heat recovery coupled with a heating and cooling air conditioner.

[0005] The photovoltaic power input system is a photovoltaic and grid-connected system, which includes a photovoltaic module array, a DC combiner box, a grid-connected inverter, an AC distribution box / grid-connected box, and a bidirectional meter connected in sequence; the output end of the AC distribution box / grid-connected box is connected to the user's household main distribution box.

[0006] The refrigerant circuit of the three-in-one unit includes: a compressor, a hot water heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a liquid receiver, a throttle assembly, and a Y-type three-way connector; its supporting equipment for driving the fluid flow on the other side of the heat exchanger includes: a hot water circulation pump, an indoor fan or an indoor water pump, and an outdoor fan. The throttle assembly consists of a first, second, third, and fourth throttle, and has a first, second, and third throttle interface; the four-way valve has a first, second, third, and fourth interface; the Y-type three-way connector has a first, second, and third interface, is vertically installed, and is used as a gas-liquid separator at the outlet of the hot water heat exchanger. The refrigerant circulation loop connection of the three-in-one unit is as follows: the compressor outlet is connected to the air inlet at the top of the vertically installed hot water heat exchanger; the bottom outlet of the hot water heat exchanger is connected to the first interface of the two upper ports of the Y-type tee connector; the second outlet port of the upper part of the Y-type tee connector is connected to the first inlet port of the four-way valve; the second and third ports of the four-way valve are connected to the air inlets of the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, respectively; the fourth port of the four-way valve is connected to the liquid receiver; the outlet of the liquid receiver is connected to the compressor inlet; the third liquid outlet port at the bottom of the Y-type tee connector, the liquid interface of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the liquid interface of the indoor heat exchanger are connected to the first, second, and third throttling interfaces of the throttling device assembly, respectively. The first throttling interface is a parallel port for the liquid inlets of the first and second throttling devices; the second throttling interface is a common port for the liquid outlets of the first and third throttling devices and the liquid inlet of the fourth throttling device; the third throttling interface is a common port for the liquid outlets of the second and fourth throttling devices and the one-way valve and the liquid inlet of the third throttling device. The three-in-one machine circuit connected in the above manner is charged with refrigerant to form a three-in-one machine refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit of the three-purpose refrigerant system has two working positions for the four-way valve: a refrigeration cycle position and a heating cycle position. In the refrigeration cycle position, the first and third ports of the four-way valve are connected, as are the second and fourth ports. In the heating cycle position, the first and second ports of the four-way valve are connected, as are the third and fourth ports. The throttle valve in the circuit is a passage for liquid flow and a blocker for airflow. The electrical components of the three-in-one machine include: the compressor, indoor fan or indoor water pump, outdoor fan, and hot water circulation pump motors. In the advanced version system, a frequency converter is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the compressor; the power supply circuits of the indoor and outdoor fans are equipped with speed control devices; and the hot water circulation pump is a variable frequency water pump. In the standard version, the indoor and outdoor fans and hot water circulation pump are configured with several speed settings. The three-in-one unit, through the switching of the four-way valve, has four refrigerant circulation loops: The first refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for hot water production in summer and dehumidification and heat replenishment in humid spring weather. The second refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for hot water production in spring and autumn. The third refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for winter heating mode; The fourth refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for single-cooling air conditioning mode and defrosting circulation mode in summer.

[0007] The refrigerant circulation paths, the functions of the heat exchangers in the circuits, and the applicable scenarios for the four types of refrigerant circulation loops are as follows: (1) The first refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector, ports 1 and 3 → second throttle → indoor heat exchanger → four-way valve, ports 2 and 4 in the refrigeration cycle position → receiver → compressor inlet; The working equipment that drives the loop to operate in a cycle includes: compressor, indoor fan or indoor water pump, hot water circulation pump; In this circuit, the indoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb indoor air heat energy, and the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat and produce hot water. (2) The second refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector, ports 1 and 3 → first throttle → outdoor heat exchanger → four-way valve, ports 3 and 4 in heating cycle position → liquid receiver → compressor inlet; The equipment that drives this circuit to operate in a cyclical manner includes: a compressor, an outdoor fan, and a hot water circulation pump; In this circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb heat energy from the outdoor air, and the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat and produce hot water in the refrigerant circulation circuit. (3) The third refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → Hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector 1st and 2nd interface passage → Four-way valve 1st and 2nd interface passage → Indoor heat exchanger → Third throttle valve → Outdoor heat exchanger → Four-way valve 3rd and 4th interface passage → Liquid receiver → Compressor inlet; The working equipment that drives the loop to operate in a cycle includes: compressor, indoor fan, outdoor fan, and hot water circulation pump; In this circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb heat from the outdoor air, and the indoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat for heating; the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to exchange heat based on the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the hot water. (4) The fourth refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → Hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector 1st and 2nd interface passage → Four-way valve 1st and 3rd interface passage → Outdoor heat exchanger → Fourth throttle and check valve → Indoor heat exchanger → Four-way valve 2nd and 4th interface passage → Liquid receiver → Compressor inlet; The working equipment that drives the cyclic operation of this circuit includes: compressor, indoor fan, and outdoor fan; In this circuit, the indoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb indoor air energy; the outdoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat; and the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to exchange heat based on the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the hot water.

[0008] The flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger includes: Flexible waterbed, rigid corrugated pressure plate, outer shell, and insulation layer; The flexible waterbed is a flat, sealed cavity formed by fusing and sealing two layers of plastic-aluminum composite film around its perimeter. It is filled with heat transfer liquid, which is clamped on one side to the heat exchange surface of the heat source, and squeezed on the other side by the rigid corrugated pressure plate. It is surrounded by a shell within a defined space. The flexible waterbed is used to receive the waste heat of the heat source and output the absorbed heat through the internal water flow via the inlet and outlet pipes connected to it. The inlet and outlet pipes are inserted into the pipe sections extending into both ends of the water bed and have water distribution holes drilled in them; the water distribution holes match the flow channels of the flexible water bed that are compressed, so that the water flow inside the water bed is evenly distributed; the connection between the flexible water bed and the inlet and outlet pipes is sealed by fusion welding. The rigid corrugated pressure plate is connected to the heat source component it contacts by screw fasteners on its edge, and the tightness of the pressure is adjusted synchronously by adjusting the tightness of the connecting screws, so that the flexible water bed is tightly attached to the heat exchange surface of the heat source, and the water bed is squeezed to form the same corrugated flow channel as the rigid corrugated pressure plate. The outer shell consists of a heat insulation layer, a rigid corrugated pressure plate, and a flexible waterbed stacked sequentially from bottom to top, forming a flexible waterbed heat receiver unit module.

[0009] The flexible waterbed of the unit module of the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger is attached to the back of the photovoltaic module of the unit module, and is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic module of the unit module by the rigid corrugated pressure plate through the screw holes on its edge, thus forming the unit module of the photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger. Multiple photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger unit modules are interconnected through their inlet and outlet water pipes to form a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger array, which is then connected to the hot water preparation circulation loop of the four-generation system.

[0010] The hot water preparation and supply system of the first system includes: a hot water heat exchanger and a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as hot water heat sources; a high-level water tank and a low-level water tank for storing hot water; a hot water circulation pump for driving hot water circulation and heat exchange; an indoor heat exchanger for consuming hot water heat; a hot water outlet pipe and a hot water outlet valve for consuming hot water; an inlet pipe and an inlet valve for supplementing water intake; connecting water pipes and three-way switching valves, first, second, and third check valves configured on the pipes; water temperature sensors for the high-level and low-level water tanks, a water level detector for the high-level water tank, and a control system. The elevated water tank is a hot water storage tank that flows through the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger. It is installed at an elevated position, and its bottom outlet is higher than the hot water outlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger. The elevated water tank is a non-pressurized insulated water tank and is equipped with an air vent that communicates with the atmosphere. The low-level water tank is a hot water storage tank that flows through the hot water heat exchanger of the three-in-one machine. It is a pressure-bearing and heat-insulating water tank that withstands the pressure of tap water. The three-way switching valve is a three-way valve with one inlet and two outlets. Its first port (inlet) is connected to the outlet of the hot water heat exchanger, its second port (first outlet) is connected to the low-level water tank port, and its third port (second outlet) is connected to the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger. It is used to selectively switch the hot water flow path from the hot water heat exchanger to the low-level water tank or the indoor heat exchanger. The hot water preparation and supply system of the first system connects the above-mentioned components with pipelines to form: two first and second hot water circulation loops for preparing hot water; a supplementary hot water circulation loop for supplementing indoor heating; and a tap water inlet pipeline and a hot water outlet pipeline for hot water supply; The two types of hot water circulation loops for hot water preparation are as follows: (1) First hot water circulation loop: a forced hot water circulation heat exchange loop that uses the hot water heat exchanger of the three-in-one machine as a heat source to prepare hot water, consisting of a hot water heat exchanger, a hot water circulation pump, a low-level water tank, a three-way switching valve, and a first one-way valve; Its hot water circulation path is: hot water circulation pump outlet → hot water heat exchanger → first and second port passages of the three-way switching valve → low-level water tank → first check valve → hot water circulation pump inlet; The first inlet pipe with the first inlet valve is connected to the pipeline between the inlet of the hot water circulation pump in the first hot water circulation loop and the outlet of the first check valve; the first check valve is used to prevent unheated tap water from flowing into the low-level water tank storing hot water when water is introduced. The hot water outlet pipe with a hot water outlet valve is connected to the pipeline between the outlet of the low-level water tank and the inlet of the first one-way valve. (2) Second hot water circulation loop: It is a hot water natural convection circulation heat exchange loop that uses the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as the heat source to prepare hot water. It consists of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger, the high-level water tank, and the second one-way valve. The water flow path is as follows: outlet of photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger → high-level water tank → second one-way valve → inlet of photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger; The second one-way valve in this circuit is used to prevent hot water from reversing and dissipating heat to the photovoltaic module at night; the second inlet pipe with the second inlet valve is connected to the inlet pipe between the inlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger and the outlet of the second one-way valve. (3) Hot water circulation loop for supplementary heating: It is a hot water supplementary heating forced circulation loop that uses an indoor heat exchanger as a radiator and is used in indoor dehumidification and supplementary heating applications. It consists of a hot water circulation pump, a high-level water tank, or may also include a low-level water tank. In the combined three-in-one (tri-powered, tri-function, tri-function) system, the water flow path of the supplementary hot water circulation loop is as follows: Hot water circulation pump outlet → Hot water heat exchanger → First and third ports of the three-way switching valve → Indoor heat exchanger → High-level water tank → Third check valve → Low-level water tank → First check valve → Hot water circulation pump inlet; The third one-way valve is installed on the connecting pipe between the bottom outlet of the high-level water tank and the top outlet of the low-level water tank, and is used to prevent tap water from flowing into the high-level water tank when domestic hot water is supplied by pressure from tap water.

[0011] The indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange system When the indoor heat exchanger is a wind-indoor heat exchanger, it is an indoor air circulation heat exchange loop formed by the indoor air mechanism associated with it. When the indoor heat exchanger is a water-indoor heat exchanger, it together with multiple parallel indoor water-fan coil heat exchangers, an indoor circulating water pump, and a buffer water tank (or a cold / hot water storage tank) to form an indoor water circulating heat exchange loop. The water flow path is: outlet of the circulating water pump → refrigerant-water indoor heat exchanger → multiple parallel water-fan coil heat exchangers → buffer water tank → inlet of the circulating water pump. All indoor water-fan coil heat exchangers are equipped with temperature sensors and cross-flow fans. The heat exchange status of the indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange system depends on the fluid flow state outside the indoor heat exchanger tubes; when the indoor fan, or indoor circulating water pump and crossflow fan are stopped, the indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange system is in a state of no heat exchange.

[0012] The first system is used to realize four-in-one power supply: hot water preparation, heating, air conditioning, surplus electricity fed into the grid, dehumidification and heat replenishment, and defrosting, and is configured with the following working modes: (1) The first hot water preparation mode is that the second hot water circulation loop, which is composed of the photovoltaic heat recovery heat exchanger of the first system and the high-level water tank, operates automatically by means of thermosiphon effect; and the hot water is stored in the high-level water tank. (2) The second hot water preparation mode is operated by a combination of the first refrigerant circulation loop and the first hot water circulation loop. It is suitable for situations where the room temperature is higher than 26°C, the room needs air conditioning and the water temperature in the low-temperature water tank is lower than the set hot water temperature value. In this mode, the working equipment includes a compressor, an indoor fan and a hot water circulation pump. The four-way valve is in the refrigeration circulation position. The indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb heat and cool. The hot water heat exchanger is used as a condenser to produce hot water. The hot water is stored in the low-level water tank. (3) The third hot water preparation mode is a combination of the second refrigerant circulation loop and the first hot water circulation loop, which is suitable for occasions where the room temperature is below 25°C and hot water is needed without air conditioning. In this mode, the working equipment includes: compressor, outdoor fan and hot water circulation pump. The four-way valve is in the heating circulation position. The outdoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb outdoor air heat energy. The hot water heat exchanger is used as a condenser to produce hot water. Hot water is stored in a low-level water tank. (4) First heating mode: It is operated by a combination of the third refrigerant circulation loop and the indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange loop, and is suitable for use in situations where the room temperature is below 18°C ​​and heating is required; in this mode, the equipment includes: compressor, outdoor fan, indoor fan or indoor water pump; the four-way valve is in the heating circulation position; the outdoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb outdoor air heat energy; the indoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser for heating; (5) Second heating mode: The second hot water circulation loop and the supplementary hot water circulation loop are combined and operated. It is suitable for occasions where the hot water temperature in the high-level water tank is higher than 30°C and the indoor heating needs to supplement the heating. In this mode, the working equipment includes: hot water circulation pump and radiator fan. The photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger absorbs the waste heat of the photovoltaic module and produces hot water which is stored in the high-level water tank. The supplementary hot water circulation loop transports the hot water from the high-level water tank and the low-temperature water tank to the indoor supplementary heat exchanger to dissipate heat and supplement the indoor heating. (6) Refrigeration and air conditioning mode: The fourth refrigerant circulation loop operates independently and is suitable for single-use air conditioning applications where the room temperature is higher than 25°C and the water temperature in the low-level water tank is higher than the lower limit of the set hot water temperature. In this mode, the operating equipment includes: compressor, indoor fan or indoor water pump, and outdoor fan; the four-way valve is in the refrigeration circulation position; the indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb indoor air heat energy for air conditioning; the outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser to dissipate heat. (7) Dehumidification and heating mode: This mode is achieved by the coordinated operation of the first refrigerant circulation loop and the heating hot water circulation loop. It is suitable for situations where the relative humidity is greater than 75% and the room temperature is lower than 20°C. In this mode, the working equipment includes: compressor, indoor fan, and hot water circulation pump. The four-way valve is in the refrigeration circulation position. The indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb heat and dehumidify. The hot water heat exchanger is used as a condenser to produce hot water for heating. The indoor heating heat exchanger is used as a radiator to provide heating to the room. (8) Reverse circulation defrosting mode: This mode is achieved by the combined operation of the fourth refrigerant circulation loop and the first hot water circulation loop. It is suitable for situations where the compressor suction pressure is detected to be lower than a preset threshold when the first heating mode is in operation. In this mode, the operating equipment includes: a compressor and a hot water circulation pump. The four-way valve is in the refrigeration circulation position. The outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser for defrosting. The hot water heat exchanger is used as an intermediate heat exchanger to absorb the heat from the hot water in the storage tank and transport it to the outdoor heat exchanger by the refrigerant for defrosting. (9) Surplus power grid connection mode: When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module array of the photovoltaic power system is higher than the grid voltage threshold and the system is in a shutdown state, power is supplied to the grid through the grid-connected inverter and the bidirectional meter.

[0013] The second system, comprising a cooling and heating air conditioner, includes: a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first throttle valve and its one-way valve, a second throttle valve, and a liquid receiver; the four-way valve has four ports and two operating positions: a cooling cycle position and a heating cycle position; the above equipment is connected by pipelines to form two refrigerant circulation loops. In the refrigeration cycle loop, with the four-way valve in the refrigeration cycle position, the refrigerant path is: compressor outlet → four-way valve's first and third port connections → outdoor heat exchanger → first expansion valve → one-way valve → indoor heat exchanger → four-way valve's second and fourth port connections → receiver-of-charge → compressor inlet. This loop is suitable for cooling mode. In the heating cycle loop, with the four-way valve in the heating cycle position, the refrigerant path is: compressor outlet → four-way valve's first and second port passages → indoor heat exchanger → second expansion valve → outdoor heat exchanger → four-way valve's third and fourth port passages → receiver → compressor inlet; this loop is suitable for heating mode. The second system's hot water preparation and supply system includes: a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger, a hot water storage tank, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, a three-way switching valve, a hot water circulation pump, an indoor heat exchanger, a defrosting hot water pipe and its solenoid valve, a hot water outlet pipe and its outlet valve, and an inlet pipe and its inlet valve; it constructs two hot water circulation loops that use the photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger as a heat source to prepare hot water. The first hot water circulation loop (thermal siphon natural convection circulation loop) is suitable for the first hot water production mode. The water flow path is: photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger outlet → hot water storage tank → second one-way valve → photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger inlet; The second hot water circulation loop (forced circulation heat exchange loop) is suitable for the second hot water production mode. The water flow path is: hot water circulation pump outlet → the passage between the first and second ports of the three-way switching valve → photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger → hot water storage tank → first check valve → hot water circulation pump inlet; The three-way switching valve is used to switch the hot water flow path between flowing through the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger and flowing through the indoor heat replenishment heat exchanger; The hot water circulation loop constructed with the indoor heat exchanger as the radiator is suitable for indoor heat replenishment during dehumidification and auxiliary heating in winter. Its water flow path is: hot water circulation pump outlet → the first and third ports of the three-way switching valve → indoor heat exchanger → hot water storage tank → first check valve → hot water circulation pump inlet. The defrosting hot water pipe is a branch defrosting pipe connected to the third interface of the three-way switching valve. The end of the defrosting pipe is a sprayer (14) extending to the top of the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger, on which a defrosting solenoid valve (DF) is installed. The second system utilizes two refrigerant circulation loops from the heating and cooling air conditioner; two hot water circulation loops from the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as a heat source to prepare hot water; and the selection and combination of the supplementary hot water circulation loop and the defrosting hot water pipeline loops. To achieve a quadruple power supply system, seven operating modes are constructed, with the corresponding loop combinations as follows: (1) Cooling and air conditioning mode: corresponds to the operation of the cooling cycle loop; (2) Heating and heating mode: corresponding to the operation of the heating circulation loop; (3) First hot water preparation mode: corresponding to the operation of the first hot water circulation loop, the hot water is prepared by the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger absorbing the waste heat of the photovoltaic module; (4) Second hot water preparation mode: This mode corresponds to the operation of the second hot water circulation loop and is used when rapid hot water preparation is required. (5) Dehumidification and heating mode: corresponding to the operation of the heating hot water circulation loop; (6) Hot water defrosting mode: The corresponding hot water spray defrosting is operated on the hot water pipeline. During the defrosting period, the compressor, indoor fan and outdoor fan are stopped and the defrosting solenoid valve is opened; (7) Surplus electricity grid connection mode: When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module array of the photovoltaic power system is higher than the grid voltage threshold and the system is in a shutdown state, the surplus electricity is transmitted to the grid through the grid-connected inverter and the bidirectional meter.

[0014] The main innovative points of this invention are: 1. A photovoltaic-water bed heat recovery coupled quadruple power system is proposed: The core innovation of this system lies in the integrated integration of photovoltaic power generation, heat pump air conditioning, and photovoltaic waste heat recovery technology, constructing a "photovoltaic power input system + multi-functional air conditioner + The system is a collaborative energy supply system of "photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger". This system has created a new model for the efficient on-site utilization of distributed photovoltaic energy. Its technical path is as follows: the photovoltaic power source drives the three-in-one machine for cooling, heating and hot water / the air conditioning machine to achieve summer cooling and winter heating. At the same time, the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger on the back of the photovoltaic module array is used to recover the waste heat of the photovoltaic module for the preparation of domestic hot water and auxiliary heating. This scheme has two major advantages: (1) While effectively cooling the photovoltaic module and improving its power generation efficiency, it realizes the recovery and utilization of heat energy, creating double benefits; (2) On sunny days in spring and autumn, hot water can be produced by relying solely on photovoltaic waste heat without starting the three-in-one machine, so that a large amount of photovoltaic power generation can be fed into the grid. It is expected to achieve the self-balancing of electricity consumption of the three-in-one power supply throughout the year, and even the net surplus electricity may be fed into the grid. This allows users to enjoy cooling, heating and hot water services while also earning income through electricity sales and approaching the goal of zero carbon emissions. Compared with the traditional solar water heater scheme that only converts solar energy into heat energy, this invention has achieved a doubling in terms of energy utilization dimension and comprehensive benefits.

[0015] 2. A high-performance, low-cost photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery exchanger is proposed, consisting of a "flexible waterbed heat recovery exchanger" attached to the back of a photovoltaic module. The flexible waterbed heat recovery exchanger is formed by peripheral hot-melt welding of a weldable aluminum-plastic composite film and integrated with a rigid corrugated pressure plate, insulation layer, and fiberglass shell. Its core innovation and advantages are: (1) High-efficiency heat transfer and adaptive bonding: The flexible water bed is pressurized by a rigid corrugated pressure plate, forming multiple parallel water channels inside; the distance between the pressure plate and the photovoltaic module can be adjusted so that the water bed can be tightly bonded to the back of the module with appropriate flexible pressure, achieving large-area gapless contact and significantly improving heat transfer efficiency. (2) Reliable structure and protection of components: The flexible waterbed structure can be matched with the thermal expansion coefficient of photovoltaic modules, which completely eliminates the risk of component damage caused by uneven thermal stress and extends the service life of photovoltaic modules. (3) Simplified process, significantly reduced cost and weight: The traditional thermally conductive adhesive bonding process is abandoned, saving materials and time, and making maintenance easier; the core component (water bed) can be quickly sealed by a hot press welding machine, supporting large-area mass production; the rigid corrugated pressure plate can be molded from plastic or galvanized steel plate; this design fundamentally solves the inherent problems of rigid contact, high cost, heavy weight and complex process of traditional metal heat exchangers; (4) Easy to install and wide range of applications: The entire heat exchanger does not need to be filled with water before installation. All components are lightweight and easy to transport and assemble. This feature is difficult to achieve with other back heat exchangers. It is particularly suitable for photovoltaic module arrays installed on roof tiles and can also be widely used in other occasions that require photovoltaic waste heat recovery. It should be noted that the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger used in the photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger of the present invention is characterized by its flexible bonding structure, which enables it to make close contact with various heat-generating surfaces and perform efficient heat exchange. In this embodiment, it is preferably applied to the back of the photovoltaic module to recover waste heat. However, the flexible bonding structure of the heat exchanger is not limited to this. It can also be applied to other occasions that require surface bonding heat exchange, such as, but not limited to, the thermal management of battery packs and the heat dissipation of electronic devices, and can constitute a flexible waterbed radiator for batteries.

[0016] 3. A highly integrated and intelligent collaborative architecture for hot water preparation and supply systems: (1) Dual heat source complementary integration: Innovatively couples two heat sources: air source heat pump (active / high grade) and photovoltaic waste heat recovery (passive / low grade); the two are not simply superimposed, but intelligently complementary and energy level matched through system design, which significantly improves the overall energy efficiency; (2) High and low level dual water tank synergy: A unique high and low level dual water tank design is adopted; the high level water tank and the photovoltaic heat exchanger form a pump-free natural convection circulation, which is simple and efficient; the low level water tank, as a hot water storage tank, is a pressure-bearing and heat-insulating water tank that withstands the pressure of tap water and the core of water supply, and together with the compact hot water tank, it forms an all-weather hot water preparation driven by a hot water circulation pump; the synergy of the two optimizes the heat exchange path of different heat sources and provides flexible and reliable water supply guarantee; (3) Integrated multi-functional output: Through an integrated three-way switching valve, the system can intelligently switch between two modes of "supplying domestic hot water" and "dehumidifying and heating indoors", realizing the on-demand distribution of heat energy and maximizing its value utilization, making the system a flexible adjustment unit in building energy consumption; These innovations together constitute an efficient, flexible, and reliable thermal energy management center, which is one of the core advantages of this quadruple power system.

[0017] 4. The innovation of this invention's dehumidification and heating system lies in its expansion of the functional boundaries of the four-generation system, achieving intelligent energy reuse and seasonal adaptability: (1) Functional expansion and energy efficiency leap: The system innovatively recovers the waste heat generated during the cooling and dehumidification operation of the air conditioner and uses it for heat replenishment, which solves the pain point of the traditional air conditioner causing the room temperature to drop when dehumidifying in the cold and damp weather of spring. It realizes the simultaneous operation of "cooling and dehumidification" and "constant temperature heat replenishment", upgrading from single temperature control to intelligent comfort control. (2) Seasonal adaptation and energy reuse: The system has seasonal adaptation capability; in spring, the waste heat generated by the three-in-one machine dehumidification is used for supplementary heating; in winter, the low-grade waste heat recovered by the photovoltaic water bed can be used for auxiliary heating; both core operating modes realize the efficient reuse of existing waste heat or residual heat in the system.

[0018] (3) High-value output without additional energy consumption: The above-mentioned heat supplementation and heating functions make full use of the "waste heat" (refrigeration condensation heat and photovoltaic waste heat) that will inevitably be generated during system operation. Through a unique water circuit design, the heat is recovered and transported in a directional manner. There is no need to consume additional energy for the heating function, thus achieving "zero energy consumption" growth of high-value-added heat output. This design transforms previously wasted low-temperature thermal energy into effective energy that enhances comfort, embodying the core concept of system-level energy efficiency optimization.

[0019] 5. Employs highly efficient and energy-saving reverse defrosting technology: Addressing the defrosting challenges of multi-purpose air pumps during winter operation, this invention employs an innovative reverse defrosting method. Its unique feature is that the heat required for defrosting in the first system is directly extracted from the system's self-generated heat energy stored in the hot water heat exchanger and hot water tank, rather than through traditional external electric heating or reverse circulation heat absorption. This method offers advantages such as fast and thorough defrosting, and low energy consumption, significantly improving the stability and energy efficiency of the air source heat pump during winter heating operation. The second system utilizes a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger to collect waste heat through hot water spraying to assist defrosting, ensuring rapid and thorough defrosting.

[0020] 6. Provides a cost-effective solution for centralized scenarios: This invention provides a cost-effective centralized energy solution for collective apartment scenarios such as schools and hotels. Its innovation lies in: (1) System integration design: The indoor heat exchanger of the three-in-one machine is cleverly designed as a refrigerant-water heat exchanger and linked with the fan coil units of each room to form a unified indoor air conditioning and heating heat exchange system; the system can achieve centralized cooling / heating similar to central air conditioning and can be operated synchronously or collaboratively with hot water preparation, realizing the integrated satisfaction of diverse energy needs, while traditional central air conditioning units and heat pump units. (2) Significant cost advantage: According to preliminary analysis, the core equipment cost of this solution, "photovoltaic power supply + three-in-one machine + indoor coil", is about 50% lower than that of the traditional combination of "solar collector + air source heat pump + independent air conditioner", which has outstanding competitiveness in initial investment. (3) Excellent operational economy: In summer, the system can use surplus photovoltaic power to drive cooling, achieving almost free air conditioning; in spring and autumn, it can sell electricity to the grid to generate revenue. Through the cascade utilization and intelligent dispatch of energy, the system is expected to achieve cooling, heating and hot water supply at a cost of almost zero grid electricity consumption throughout the year, which is a model of practicing "local consumption of new energy" and efficient investment; This solution integrates complex requirements into a single, efficient system, achieving a dual optimization of upfront investment and long-term operating costs.

[0021] In summary, the photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery coupled quad-power system proposed in this invention constructs a brand-new high-efficiency solar energy utilization system through multi-energy complementarity and system integration; it develops seven high-efficiency energy-saving operation modes to meet customers' needs for air conditioning, heating, hot water, and dehumidification and heat replenishment under different ambient air and water temperatures; the system has the following significant advantages: (1) saving power transmission losses over long distances and alleviating peak load pressure on the power grid; (2) the efficiency and cost of hot water production are superior to traditional solar water heaters; (3) the coefficient of performance (COP) under cooling and hot water production conditions can exceed 6.5; (4) the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger has good heat transfer performance, low cost, and simple process, and its effective application reduces the operating time of the three-in-one machine and continuously improves the photovoltaic power generation efficiency; therefore, this system can deliver more electricity to the power grid in spring and autumn, and is expected to achieve year-round energy self-balancing and zero carbon emissions, so that users can enjoy a comfortable environment in all aspects and may obtain additional economic returns; the above proves that the photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery coupled quad-power system of this application has outstanding inventiveness, novelty and practicality, and meets the conditions for granting national invention patents. Attached Figure Description

[0022] An embodiment of a photovoltaic-water bed heat recovery coupled quadruple power system of the present invention is illustrated by the following figures: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and working principle of the first system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, characterized in that the three-in-one machine has four refrigerant circulation loops; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram and working principle diagram of the second system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, characterized in that the defrosting configuration of the air conditioner is a hot water defrosting pipeline; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and working principle of the first system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The feature is that the indoor heat exchanger is a water-indoor heat exchanger, which, together with multiple parallel indoor water-fan coil heat exchangers, constitutes an indoor water circulation heat exchange system. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger of the system described in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger of the system described in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger of the system described in this invention installed on a roof.

[0023] The structure and working principle of a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery coupled quadruple power system of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation Example 1

[0024] Figure 1 The first system of a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery coupled quad-power system of the present invention is shown. The first system mainly includes a photovoltaic power input system, a three-in-one machine and its indoor air conditioning and heating and all-season hot water triple-power system, a hot water system for absorbing waste heat from photovoltaic modules by a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger, and a dehumidification and heat replenishment system. Figure 1 In the diagram, dashed box A represents the photovoltaic power input system, dashed box B represents the outdoor unit system of the three-in-one unit, dashed box C represents the indoor unit of the three-in-one unit and its supporting air conditioning and heating indoor heat exchange system, and dotted box D represents the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger system of the photovoltaic module.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic power input system is a combined photovoltaic power supply system with the municipal power grid, used to provide power to multi-purpose appliances and other electrical appliances of the user. The system includes a photovoltaic module array as a power generation unit, a DC combiner box and grid-connected inverter as power collection and conversion units, an AC distribution box / grid-connected box, a bidirectional meter, and a municipal power grid interface as grid-connected and distribution units, and a main household distribution box as the household power supply interface. It also includes auxiliary materials such as DC / AC cables and connectors. The system connection sequence is as follows: DC-side power generation process: Photovoltaic module (8) → DC cable → DC combiner box → DC input terminal of grid-connected inverter; Inverter and grid connection process: AC output terminal of grid-connected inverter → AC distribution box / grid-connected box → bidirectional meter → municipal power grid; Home power supply connection: Lead a cable from the AC distribution box / grid-connected box to the load side of the main circuit breaker in the home's main distribution box; this connection method ensures that photovoltaic power generation is given priority to home loads, and excess power can be fed into the public power grid.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the three-in-one machine consists of three heat exchangers: a compressor (1), a hot water heat exchanger (2), an indoor heat exchanger (5), and an outdoor heat exchanger (6), a four-way valve (4), a liquid receiver (7), a throttle assembly, and a Y-type three-way connector (3) for gas-liquid separation, which are connected by pipelines to realize four refrigerant circulation loops. The indoor heat exchanger is an air-indoor heat exchanger (5) with an indoor fan (5a); the outdoor heat exchanger is an air-source outdoor heat exchanger (6) with an outdoor fan (6a); and a hot water circulation pump (B1) that is matched with the hot water heat exchanger; and indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, hot water temperature sensors and controllers related to the control system. The hot water heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, a tank-type spiral tube heat exchanger, or a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, or an integrated hot water heat exchanger with a coil heat exchanger built into the hot water tank.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, The refrigerant circulation loop connection method of the three-in-one machine is as follows: the outlet of the compressor (1) is connected to the first interface (①) (gas-liquid flow inlet) of the two interfaces on the upper part of the Y-type three-way connector (3); the second interface (②) of the upper part of the Y-type three-way connector is connected to the first interface (①) (air inlet) of the four-way valve (4); the second and third interfaces (②, ③) of the four-way valve are connected to the air inlets of the indoor heat exchanger (5) and the outdoor heat exchanger (6) respectively; the fourth interface (④) of the four-way valve is connected to the liquid receiver (7), and the outlet of the liquid receiver is connected to the air inlet of the compressor (1); the third interface (③) (liquid outlet) of the Y-type three-way connector, the liquid flow interface of the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger are connected to the first, second and third throttling interfaces (①, ②, ③) of the throttling device assembly respectively; The throttling assembly consists of a first, second, third and fourth throttling device (J1, J2, J3, J4) and a one-way valve D1. It has three throttling ports, which are marked as the first, second and third throttling ports (①, ②, ③) respectively, and are connected to the condensate outlets of the hot water heat exchanger (2), the outdoor heat exchanger (6) and the indoor heat exchanger (5) respectively. The first throttling interface (①) is the parallel port of the inlet of the first throttling device (J1) and the second throttling device (J2), and is connected to the third interface of the Y-type three-way connector (3); The second throttling interface (②) is connected to the liquid flow port of the outdoor heat exchanger (6) and is the common port for the liquid flow outlet of the first throttling device (J1) and the third throttling device (J3) and the liquid inlet of the fourth throttling device (J4). The third throttling interface (③) connects to the liquid flow port of the indoor heat exchanger (5) and is the common port for the liquid flow outlet of the second throttling device (J2) and the fourth throttling device (J4) and its directional check valve D1, as well as the liquid inlet of the third throttling device (J3). The Y-type tee connector (3) is installed vertically as a gas-liquid separator at the outlet of the hot water heat exchanger (2); The four-way valve (4) has four ports (①, ②, ③, ④) and two working positions: a cooling cycle position and a heating cycle position. When the four-way valve (4) is in the cooling cycle position, the first port is connected to the third port (①, ③), and the second port is connected to the fourth port (②, ④). When the four-way valve is in the heating cycle position, the first port is connected to the second port (①, ②), and the third port is connected to the fourth port (③, ④). The circuit of the three-in-one machine, constructed by connecting the pipes in the above manner, is filled with refrigerant.

[0028] A frequency converter is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the compressor; a speed regulating device is provided in the power supply circuit of the outdoor fan. The three-in-one unit, through the switching of the four-way valve, has four refrigerant circulation loops: The first refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for hot water production in summer and dehumidification and heat replenishment in humid spring weather. The second refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for hot water production in spring and autumn. The third refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for winter heating mode; The fourth refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for single-cooling air conditioning mode and defrosting circulation mode in summer.

[0029] The refrigerant circulation paths and refrigerant heat exchange methods of the four refrigerant circulation loops are as follows: (1) The first refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: outlet of compressor (1) → hot water heat exchanger (2) → Y-type three-way connector (3) first and third interface (①, ③) passage → second throttle (J2) → indoor heat exchanger (5) → four-way valve (4) second and fourth interface (②, ④) passage in the refrigeration cycle position → liquid receiver (7) → compressor (1) inlet; The working equipment that drives the loop to operate in a cycle includes: compressor, indoor fan (5a), and hot water circulation pump (B1). In this circuit, the indoor heat exchanger (5) acts as an evaporator to absorb indoor air heat energy, and the hot water heat exchanger (3) acts as a condenser to release heat and produce hot water. (2) The second refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor (1) outlet → Hot water heat exchanger (2) (condenser, releases heat to produce hot water) → Y-type three-way connector (3) 1st and 3rd interfaces (①, ③) passage → First throttle (J1) → Outdoor heat exchanger (evaporator, absorbs heat) → Four-way valve (4) 3rd and 4th interfaces (③, ④) passage → Liquid receiver → Compressor inlet; The working equipment driving the loop operation includes: a compressor, an outdoor fan, and a hot water circulation pump; the indoor fan is in a stopped state. In this circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb outdoor air heat energy, and the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat and produce hot water in a refrigerant circulation circuit. (3) The third refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor (1) outlet → Hot water heat exchanger (2) (refrigerant passes through) → Y-type three-way connector (3) 1st and 2nd ports (①, ②) passage → Four-way valve (4) 1st and 2nd ports (①, ②) passage → Indoor heat exchanger (5) (condenser, heat release for heating) → Third throttle (J3) → Outdoor heat exchanger (6) (evaporator, heat absorption) → Four-way valve 3rd and 4th ports passage → Liquid receiver (7) → Compressor inlet; See also Figure 1 ; During this working cycle, the compressor, outdoor fan (6a), hot water circulation pump (B1), and indoor fan (5a) all operate; In this circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb heat from the outdoor air, and the indoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat for heating; the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to exchange heat based on the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the hot water. (4) The fourth refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → Hot water heat exchanger (2) (refrigerant passes through) → Y-type three-way connector (3) 1st and 2nd ports (①, ②) passage → Four-way valve (4) 1st and 3rd ports (①, ③) passage → Outdoor heat exchanger (6) (condenser, heat release) → Fourth throttle (J4) and one-way valve (D) → Indoor heat exchanger (5) (evaporator, heat absorption and refrigeration air conditioning) → Four-way valve 2nd and 4th ports ②④ passage → Liquid receiver → Compressor inlet; During this working cycle, the compressor, outdoor fan, hot water circulation pump, indoor fan, or indoor water pump all operate. In this circuit, the indoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb indoor air energy; the outdoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat; and the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to exchange heat based on the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the hot water. The fourth refrigerant circulation loop also serves as a reverse defrosting refrigerant circulation loop.

[0030] See Figure 1 The hot water preparation and supply system of the first system includes: Heat source equipment for producing hot water: hot water heat exchanger (2), photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger (9); high-level water tank (11) and low-level water tank (11a) for storing hot water; hot water circulation pump (B1) for driving hot water circulation and heat exchange; indoor heat exchanger (13) for consuming hot water heat; hot water outlet pipe and hot water outlet valve (F4) for consuming hot water; water inlet pipe and water inlet valve (F1, F2) for supplementing water inlet; connecting water pipe and three-way switching valve (12) and first, second and third check valves (D1, D2, D3) configured on the pipe; water temperature sensor for high and low level water tanks, water level detector for high level water tank, and control system; The elevated water tank (11) is a hot water storage tank for the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger. It is installed at an elevated position, and its bottom outlet is higher than the hot water outlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger. The elevated water tank is a non-pressurized insulated water tank with an air vent that communicates with the atmosphere. The low-level water tank (11a) is the hot water storage tank of the hot water heat exchanger of the three-in-one machine. It is a pressure-bearing and heat-insulating water tank that withstands the pressure of tap water. The third one-way valve (D3) is installed on the connecting pipe between the bottom outlet of the high-level water tank and the top outlet of the low-level water tank. It is used to prevent tap water from flowing into the high-level water tank when using tap water to pressurize and dispense domestic hot water. The three-way switching valve (12) is installed on the outlet pipe of the hot water heat exchanger and is used to selectively switch the hot water flow path from the hot water heat exchanger to the low-level water tank or the indoor heat exchanger. The hot water preparation and supply system consists of three hot water circulation loops composed of the aforementioned components: (1) First hot water circulation loop: This is a forced hot water circulation heat exchange loop that uses the hot water heat exchanger of the three-in-one machine as a heat source to prepare hot water. It consists of a hot water heat exchanger (2), a hot water circulation pump (B1), a low-level water tank (11a), a three-way switching valve (12), and a first one-way valve (D1). The water flow path is as follows: Hot water circulation pump (B1) outlet → hot water heat exchanger (2) → first port (①) and second port (②) of three-way switching valve (12) → low-level water tank (11a) → first check valve (D1) → hot water circulation pump (B1) inlet; The first hot water circulation circuit is a forced hot water circulation circuit. The first one-way valve (D1) in the circuit is used to prevent short circuit between the tap water and the hot water outlet pipe when the tap water is pressurized to produce domestic hot water. (2) Second hot water circulation loop: This is a natural convection circulation heat exchange loop for hot water prepared by the thermosiphon effect using a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as the heat source. It consists of a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger (9), an elevated water tank (11), and a second one-way valve (D2). The water flow path is as follows: Photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger (9) outlet → high-level water tank (11) → second one-way valve (D2) → photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger (9); The second hot water circulation loop is a natural convection circulation loop that operates under the thermosiphon effect. The second one-way valve in the loop is used to prevent hot water from flowing back to the photovoltaic module for heat dissipation at night. (3) Hot water replenishment circulation loop: It is a hot water replenishment forced circulation loop that uses an indoor heat replenishment heat exchanger as a radiator and is used in indoor dehumidification and heat replenishment and auxiliary heating situations. It consists of an indoor heat replenishment heat exchanger (13), a hot water circulation pump (B1), and a hot water storage tank (11). The hot water replenishment circulation loop and the first hot water preparation circulation loop share a hot water circulation pump (B1) and a hot water heat exchanger (2). By controlling the three-way switching valve (12) installed at the outlet of the hot water heat exchanger, the hot water flowing through the hot water heat exchanger is selectively switched to the low-level water tank (11a) or the indoor heat replenishment heat exchanger (13). When hot water enters the hot water replenishment circulation loop, it replenishes the indoor environment. The water flow path of the supplementary hot water circulation loop is as follows: Hot water circulation pump (B1) outlet → hot water heat exchanger (2) → first port (①) and third port (③) of three-way switching valve (12) → indoor heat exchanger (13) → high-level water tank (11) → third check valve (D3) → low-level water tank (11a) → hot water circulation pump (B1) inlet; The hot water supply pipeline of the hot water preparation and supply system is equipped with a hot water outlet valve (F4) and is connected to the outlet of the low-level water tank (11a). The hot water preparation and supply system is equipped with two tap water inlet pipes: the first inlet pipe with the first inlet valve (F1) is connected to the inlet pipe of the hot water circulation pump (12) of the first hot water circulation loop; the second inlet pipe with the second inlet valve (F2) is connected to the inlet pipe of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger.

[0031] The first system of this invention, based on the three-in-one machine having four refrigerant circulation loops and the hot water preparation and supply system having three hot water circulation loops, is configured with seven operating modes to match the needs of air conditioning, heating, and year-round hot water supply, as well as dehumidification and heat replenishment for different ambient temperatures and water temperatures. The seven operating modes and their operating states are as follows: (1) First hot water production mode: suitable for occasions where the indoor temperature is higher than 25℃ in summer and domestic hot water needs to be produced; In this mode: when the hot water tank temperature is below the set lower limit and the indoor temperature is above the air conditioner set value, the refrigerant circuit of the three-in-one hot and cold water unit is switched to the first refrigerant circulation circuit. The outlet of compressor (1) → hot water heat exchanger (2) (heat release) → Y-type three-way connector (3) 1st and 3rd interface passages (①, ③) → second throttle (J2) → indoor heat exchanger (5) (heat absorption) → four-way valve (4) 2nd and 4th interface passages (②, ④) → liquid receiver (7) → inlet of compressor (1); In this circulation loop, the indoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb heat from the indoor air; the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release condensation heat and produce hot water. Corresponding to the above configuration, the four-way valve is switched to the refrigeration cycle position; the circuits of the compressor, indoor fan, and hot water circulation pump are all energized; the outdoor fan is de-energized; and the water circuit three-way switching valve is in the position where the first interface and the second interface are connected. Explanation: Although there is compressor exhaust in the Y-type three-way connector (3) 1 and 2 interface passages, four-way valve (4) 1 and 3 interface passages and outdoor heat exchanger (6) pipeline, there is no refrigerant flow in the pipeline because the outdoor fan (6a) is not running and the first, third and fourth throttles block the high pressure gas of the outdoor heat exchanger. Therefore, it is considered that there is no heat exchange. Furthermore, the first and second ports of the three-way switching valve in the hot water preparation and supply system are in a connected position, forming a forced hot water circulation loop; The first hot water circulation loop is in operation; The second hot water circulation loop is in a natural convection circulation state; When the water temperature in the low-level water tank is higher than the set temperature value, the hot water circulation pump is stopped and the first hot water preparation circulation loop is stopped. The second hot water preparation circulation loop is determined by the temperature of the photovoltaic module panel and the water temperature of the high-level water tank.

[0032] (2) Second hot water production mode: suitable for occasions in spring and autumn when domestic hot water needs to be produced but air conditioning and heating are not required; In this mode, the hot water preparation and supply system is configured as a two-stage hot water production system with a priority stage and a supplementary stage; The priority hot water production system is a second hot water circulation loop with a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as the heat source. When the sun shines on the photovoltaic modules during the day, it automatically operates to store hot water in a high-level water tank. The supplementary hot water production system consists of a second refrigerant circulation loop configured in the three-in-one hot and cold water unit, which operates in conjunction with the first hot water circulation loop in the water circuit. It operates during cloudy / rainy days, at night, and when hot water is insufficient. In the second refrigerant circulation loop, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator, absorbing outdoor air heat energy; the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser, releasing condensation heat to produce hot water. While the first hot water circulation loop is running, the hot water circulation pump operates simultaneously, storing the produced hot water released by the hot water heat exchanger in a low-level water tank. The second hot water circulation loop operates automatically, storing hot water in a high-level water tank. The three-in-one unit operates a second refrigerant circulation loop, which is as follows: The outlet of compressor (1) → hot water heat exchanger (2) (heat release) → Y-type three-way connector (3) 1st and 3rd interface passages (①, ③) → first throttle (J1) → outdoor heat exchanger (6) (heat absorption) → four-way valve (4) 3rd and 4th interface passages (③, ④) → liquid receiver (8) → outlet of compressor (1); Note: When the three-in-one machine is running the second refrigerant circulation loop, the outdoor fan is running and the indoor fan is stopped. Although there is compressor exhaust in the indoor heat exchanger (5) pipeline, because the indoor fan (5a) is not running and the second, third and fourth throttles block the high-pressure gas of the indoor heat exchanger, there is no refrigerant flow in the pipeline and no heat exchange. When the three-in-one machine is running the second refrigerant circulation loop, the first hot water circulation loop of the water circuit is running, and the hot water circulation pump is operating.

[0033] (3) Heating mode: suitable for use in winter heating situations; In this mode, the system is configured with two parallel stages of first and second heating systems; The first-stage heating system is the third refrigerant circulation loop of the three-in-one hot and cold water machine, and the indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange system, that is, the indoor air circulation heat exchange system or the indoor water circulation heat exchange system are both in operation. The second-stage heating system is a supplementary hot water circulation loop for the hot water preparation and supply system. The second-stage heating system has two heat sources for hot water production: the first heat source comes from the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger; the second heat source comes from the hot water heat exchanger. 1) The refrigerant flow path of the third refrigerant circulation loop of the first-stage heating system is as follows: Compressor (1) outlet → Hot water heat exchanger (2) → Y-type three-way connector (3) first and second interface passage → Four-way valve (4) first and second interface passage → Indoor heat exchanger (5) (heat release) → Third throttle (J3) → Outdoor heat exchanger (6) (heat absorption) → Four-way valve (4) third and fourth interface passage → Liquid receiver (7) → Compressor inlet; In the operation of this loop, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb outdoor air heat energy, and the indoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat energy. 2) The hot water circulation loop of the second-stage heating system has the following water flow path: outlet of hot water circulation pump (B1) → hot water heat exchanger (2) → first and third ports of three-way switching valve (12) → indoor heat exchanger (13) → high-level water tank (11) → third check valve (D3) → low-level water tank (11a) → first check valve → hot water circulation pump inlet; In this hot water heat exchange loop, the heating heat comes from the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger absorbing the waste heat of the photovoltaic module during the day; at night it comes from the hot water heat exchanger.

[0034] (4) Cooling / Air Conditioning Mode: Used in situations where the water temperature in the hot water tank has reached the set temperature in summer and indoor air conditioning is required. In this mode, the three-in-one unit operates in a cooling / air conditioning cycle, with the indoor heat exchanger in a heat absorption and cooling state and the outdoor heat exchanger in a heat release state; its refrigerant flow path is as follows: Compressor outlet → Hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector 1st and 2nd interface passage → Four-way valve 1st and 3rd interface passage Outdoor heat exchanger (6) (heat release) → Fourth throttle (J4) → One-way valve (D1) → Indoor heat exchanger (5) (heat absorption) → Four-way valve 2nd and 4th interface passage → Liquid receiver → Compressor inlet; The hot water circulation pump is in a stopped state; During the day, the second hot water circulation loop operates automatically, storing heat in the high-level water tank.

[0035] (5) Dehumidification and heating mode: This is the operating mode used in spring to prevent the indoor temperature from getting too low. In this mode, when the humidity sensor detects a value greater than 60% and the temperature sensor detects a value lower than 18°C, the refrigerant circuit of the three-in-one hot and cold water unit is switched to the refrigerant circulation circuit of the first refrigerant circulation circuit, and the output frequency of the compressor inverter is at a low frequency setting or intermittent operation; the outdoor fan contactor is in the open position, and the outdoor heat exchanger does not exchange heat; the indoor fan speed control device is in the low speed setting; the first and third ports of the water circuit three-way switching valve are in the connected position; the refrigerant of the indoor heat exchanger operates below the indoor air dew point; the hot water heat exchanger releases heat to compensate for the heat absorbed by the indoor evaporator; The refrigerant circulation loop of the three-in-one unit in cooling / air conditioning mode. The compressor is running at low speed, the outdoor fan is running at low speed, and the outdoor fan is stopped. The supplementary hot water circulation loop is in operation, and the hot water circulation pump is in operation.

[0036] (6) Reverse circulation defrosting mode: Used when the compressor suction pressure drops sharply due to severe frost buildup on the outdoor heat exchanger during heating operation. In this mode, the refrigerant of the three-in-one unit circulates in a cooling / air conditioning cycle. The compressor is running, the indoor fan is stopped, and the outdoor fan is stopped; the hot water circulation pump is running, the hot water replenishment circulation loop is circulating, and the fan of the indoor heat replenishment heat exchanger is stopped; the refrigerant absorbs the heat from the hot water passing through the hot water heat exchanger and carries it to the outdoor heat exchanger for defrosting.

[0037] (7) Surplus electricity grid connection mode: In spring and autumn, hot water is produced by absorbing heat from a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger, eliminating the need for cooling and heating. In this mode, the three-in-one machine stops operating; the second hot water preparation circulation loop in the water circuit operates automatically; and the photovoltaic power input system supplies electricity to the municipal power grid during the day.

[0038] Example 2 Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which is a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery coupled quad-power system. The feature is that the multi-functional air conditioner is a cooling and heating air conditioner, which is a system composed of a photovoltaic module (8) and its photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger (9). It also shows the cooling cycle of the cooling and heating air conditioner in summer and the hot water cycle of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger. like Figure 2As shown, the air conditioning unit consists of a compressor (1), a four-way valve (2), an indoor heat exchanger (3), an outdoor heat exchanger (4), a first throttle valve (J1) and its one-way valve (D), a second throttle valve (J2), and a liquid receiver (5). The connection method is as follows: the compressor outlet is connected to the first port (①) of the four-way valve; the second, third, and fourth ports (②, ③, ④) of the four-way valve are respectively connected to the first ports of the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, and the inlet of the liquid receiver; the inlet end of the first throttle and the outlet end of the second throttle are connected in parallel to the second port of the outdoor heat exchanger; the outlet of the first throttle is connected to the inlet of the check valve; the outlet of the check valve and the inlet end of the second throttle are connected in parallel to the second port of the indoor heat exchanger; the circuit formed is charged with refrigerant. The four-way valve has two operating positions: a cooling cycle position and a heating cycle position. The refrigerant circuit of the heat exchanger can be configured into two refrigerant circulation circuits by switching the operating position of the four-way valve: (1) Refrigeration cycle loop, which is used in refrigeration mode. In this loop, the four-way valve is in the refrigeration cycle position, and the refrigerant path is as follows: Compressor (1) outlet → Four-way valve (2) at the refrigeration cycle position, first and third interface passages → Outdoor heat exchanger (4) → First throttle (J1) → One-way valve (D) → Indoor heat exchanger (3) → Four-way valve (2) at the second and fourth interface passages → Receiver (5) → Compressor (1) inlet; (2) Heating cycle loop, which is used in heating mode. In this loop, the four-way valve is in the heating cycle position, and the refrigerant path is as follows: Compressor (1) outlet → Four-way valve (2) at the first and second interface passages in the heating cycle position → Indoor heat exchanger (3) → Second throttle (J2) → Outdoor heat exchanger (4) → Four-way valve (2) at the third and fourth interface passages → Liquid receiver (5) → Compressor (1) inlet; The second system in Example 2 is equipped with an indoor heat exchanger (13); The second system in Example 2 uses a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger to collect waste heat from the back of the photovoltaic panels to produce hot water or hot water for heating. The second system of Example 2 includes a hot water preparation and supply system comprising: a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger (9), a hot water storage tank (11), a hot water circulation pump (B1), a first and a second one-way valve for the water circuit; a hot water outlet pipe with a hot water outlet valve (F4), and an inlet pipe with an inlet valve (F1); Two types of hot water preparation circulating heat exchange loops were constructed: (3) The first hot water circulation loop (thermal siphon natural circulation loop), which is the first hot water production mode, has the following water flow path: The outlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger (9) → hot water storage tank (11) → second check valve (D2) → inlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger (9); (4) Second hot water circulation loop (forced circulation heat exchange loop), this loop is the second hot water production mode, and the water flow path is: Hot water circulation pump (B1) outlet → three-way valve (7) 1st and 3rd ports (①, ③) passage → photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger (9) → hot water storage tank (11) → second one-way valve (D2) → hot water circulation pump (B1) inlet; the three-way switching valve is used to switch the hot water flow through the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger and the indoor heat replenishment heat exchanger; The second system described in Example 2, a hot water preparation and supply system, also includes a hot water circulation loop through an indoor heat exchanger; (5) Hot water circulation loop for heat replenishment. This loop is used for indoor heat replenishment during dehumidification and as an auxiliary heating system in winter. Its water flow path is as follows: Hot water circulation pump (B1) outlet → Three-way switching valve (7) first and third interface passage → Indoor heat exchanger (13) → High temperature water tank (11) → First check valve (D1) → Hot water circulation pump (B1) inlet; This circuit is used for auxiliary heating; Suitable for dehumidification and heat replenishment mode; (6) Dehumidification mode: suitable for cold and damp environments with relative humidity greater than 75% and room temperature below 20℃; this mode operates the refrigeration cycle loop and the supplementary hot water cycle loop. (7) Reverse circulation defrosting mode: In this mode, the refrigeration cycle loop and the defrosting pipe are operated by hot water spray defrosting; The defrosting pipeline is a branch defrosting pipeline connected to the third port (③) of the three-way switching valve (7). The end of the defrosting pipeline is a sprayer (14) extending to the top of the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger. A defrosting solenoid valve (DF) is installed on the defrosting pipeline and is activated in the defrosting mode. (8) Surplus power grid connection mode: applicable to situations where the output voltage of the photovoltaic module array of the photovoltaic power system is higher than the grid voltage threshold; in this mode, the air conditioner is in a shutdown state, and the output voltage of the photovoltaic module array of the photovoltaic power system is higher than the grid voltage threshold and is configured to supply power to the grid.

[0039] Example 3 Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the first system of the present invention; its three-in-one unit composition structure is the same as that of Embodiments 1 and 2, characterized in that the indoor heat exchanger of the three-in-one unit in Embodiment 3 is a water-indoor heat exchanger; its indoor heat exchange system is an indoor water circulation heat exchange system composed of multiple parallel indoor water-fan coil heat exchangers of refrigerant-water heat exchangers; this is a water circulation heat exchange system for air conditioning chilled water or heating hot water of a central air conditioning system, and its circulation loop water flow path is as follows: The outlet of the circulating water pump (B2) → water-indoor heat exchanger (5) → multiple parallel water-fan coil units (14, 15, ...) → buffer water tank (16) (which can also be used as a water storage tank) → inlet of the circulating water pump (B2); The first hot water preparation circulation loop, the second hot water preparation circulation loop, and the hot water replenishment circulation loop in Example 3 are all the same as those in Example 1.

[0040] The structure of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger described in Examples 1, 2, and 3 is as follows: Figure 4 , Figure 5 A joint statement, Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger. Figure 5 This is a front view.

[0041] See Figure 4 The photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger is composed of a photovoltaic module plate (1), a flexible water bed (2), a rigid corrugated pressure plate (3), a heat insulation layer (4), and a fiberglass shell (5). The flexible water bed is close to the back of the photovoltaic module and uses a fluid medium to absorb the waste heat of the photovoltaic module and transfer the absorbed heat to the heat exchanger of the hot water system. The flexible waterbed (2) is a flat, sealed cavity formed by peripheral welding and sealing. It is filled with heat transfer liquid and is housed in a rectangular frame of a set thickness surrounded by the back of the photovoltaic module (1), the rigid corrugated plate (3), and the surrounding shell (5). The rigid corrugated pressure plate (3) is used to compress the flexible waterbed, so that multiple parallel water channels are formed inside the waterbed; the periphery of the rigid corrugated pressure plate is fixed to the periphery of the photovoltaic module plate by screws (6), and the distance between the two can be adjusted. The flexible waterbed has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe extending into it at both ends, with the insertion points welded and sealed. Both the inlet and outlet pipes have water distribution holes on their sections extending into the waterbed (see...). Figure 5 The inlet and outlet pipes extending out of the waterbed have pipe joints. See Figure 5The outer shell (5), the photovoltaic module panel (1), the flexible water bed (2), the rigid corrugated pressure plate (3), and the heat insulation layer (4) are assembled together to form a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger unit module; multiple photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger unit modules are interconnected through their inlet and outlet pipes to form a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger for a photovoltaic module array; the array photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the circulation loop of the hot water preparation system of the four-generation system.

[0042] The flexible waterbed is made of an aluminum-plastic composite membrane; the aluminum-plastic composite membrane is a three-layer composite structure of polyethylene-aluminum-polyethylene. The corrugated cross section of the rigid corrugated pressure plate is sinusoidal; the height difference between the crests and troughs of the corrugations is less than the thickness of the flexible waterbed in its natural state after being filled with liquid. One side of the insulation layer has the same corrugated shape as the corrugated pressure plate, which is used to support the rigid corrugated pressure plate, and the other side is flat and placed inside the outer shell; The water distribution holes of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are arranged in a waterway along the width of the flexible waterbed.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger of the four-generation system of photovoltaic water bed heat recovery coupling of the present invention installed on the roof. To clearly see the internal structure of the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger, the photovoltaic module (1) is shown to the right in the figure; the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger includes: A flexible waterbed (2) is a flat, sealed cavity formed by peripheral welding and sealing, which is filled with heat transfer liquid; the side of the flexible waterbed facing the external heat source constitutes the first heat exchange interface. A rigid corrugated pressure plate (3) is disposed on the side of the flexible water bed facing away from the first heat exchange interface, for pressing the flexible water bed to form multiple parallel water channels inside it; A heat insulation layer (4) is disposed on the side of the rigid corrugated pressure plate facing away from the flexible waterbed; and An outer shell (5) together with the first heat exchange interface defines an installation space, in which the heat insulation layer, the rigid corrugated pressure plate and the flexible water bed are disposed; The flexible waterbed is clamped and sealed between the heat exchange surface of the heat source component, the rigid corrugated pressure plate, and the outer shell. The flexible waterbed is connected to an inlet pipe (6) and an outlet pipe (7) extending into it at both ends. Both the inlet and outlet pipes have water distribution holes on the sections extending into the waterbed. The heat exchange surface of the heat source component of the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger is attached to the back of the photovoltaic module and mechanically fixed to it, with adjustable pressure, forming a unit module of a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger; multiple unit modules are interconnected through their inlet and outlet pipes to form a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger array; the array is connected to the hot water preparation circulation loop of the four-generation system; The flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger is very suitable for installation on the roof.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-water bed heat recovery coupled quadruple power system, characterized in that, The system is a four-in-one power supply system that couples the functionality and heat utilization of a photovoltaic power input system and a multi-functional air conditioner; the system includes: The photovoltaic power input system is configured to be bidirectionally metered and connected to the municipal power grid, and the electricity generated is used to drive the multi-functional air conditioner and its auxiliary equipment. The multi-functional air conditioner includes a cooling, heating, and hot water unit and a cooling and heating air conditioner, which are electrically connected to the photovoltaic power input system. It cools and ventilates by absorbing indoor air heat energy, or heats and ventilates by absorbing outdoor air heat energy. The cooling, heating, and hot water unit, or simply the three-in-one unit, absorbs indoor air heat energy to achieve cooling, dehumidification, and hot water production; and absorbs outdoor air heat energy to produce domestic hot water or provide heating. The photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger consists of a photovoltaic module as the heat source and a flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger attached to its back. It is used to collect the waste heat of the photovoltaic module and to assist in heating or produce domestic hot water. The indoor air conditioning and heating heat exchange system is the indoor heat exchanger of the multi-functional air conditioner. It is a heat transport and heat exchange system that transfers cold or heat to the indoor air through its associated equipment, and is used to realize indoor cooling, air conditioning or heating. The hot water preparation and supply system includes: a hot water preparation circuit in the hot water preparation section that uses a hot water heat exchanger of a three-in-one hot and cold water machine and a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as heat sources; a hot water supply section that supplies the prepared hot water for domestic hot water use, a tap water inlet pipe; and a supplementary hot water circuit that can selectively provide supplementary heating for indoor use. The signal detection, processing and execution system includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected to a multi-functional air conditioner, a hot water circulation pump and a three-way switching valve; The system includes: a first system and a second system; the first system is a four-in-one power supply system of photovoltaic water bed heat recovery coupled with a three-in-one machine; the second system is a four-in-one power supply system of photovoltaic water bed heat recovery coupled with a heating and cooling air conditioner.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power input system is a photovoltaic and grid-connected system, which includes a photovoltaic module array, a DC combiner box, a grid-connected inverter, an AC distribution box / grid-connected box, and a bidirectional meter connected in sequence; the output end of the AC distribution box / grid-connected box is connected to the user's household main distribution box.

3. The first system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant circuit of the three-in-one unit includes: a compressor, a hot water heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a four-way valve, a liquid receiver, a throttle assembly, and a Y-type three-way connector; its supporting equipment for driving the fluid flow on the other side of the heat exchanger includes: a hot water circulation pump, an indoor fan or an indoor water pump, and an outdoor fan. The throttle assembly consists of a first, second, third, and fourth throttle, and has a first, second, and third throttle interface; the four-way valve has a first, second, third, and fourth interface; the Y-type three-way connector has a first, second, and third interface, is vertically installed, and is used as a gas-liquid separator at the outlet of the hot water heat exchanger. The refrigerant circulation loop connection of the three-in-one unit is as follows: the compressor outlet is connected to the air inlet at the top of the vertically installed hot water heat exchanger; the bottom outlet of the hot water heat exchanger is connected to the first interface of the two upper ports of the Y-type tee connector; the second outlet port of the upper part of the Y-type tee connector is connected to the first inlet port of the four-way valve; the second and third ports of the four-way valve are connected to the air inlets of the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, respectively; the fourth port of the four-way valve is connected to the liquid receiver; the outlet of the liquid receiver is connected to the compressor inlet; the third liquid outlet port at the bottom of the Y-type tee connector, the liquid interface of the outdoor heat exchanger, and the liquid interface of the indoor heat exchanger are connected to the first, second, and third throttling interfaces of the throttling device assembly, respectively. The first throttling interface is a parallel port for the liquid inlets of the first and second throttling devices; the second throttling interface is a common port for the liquid outlets of the first and third throttling devices and the liquid inlet of the fourth throttling device; the third throttling interface is a common port for the liquid outlets of the second and fourth throttling devices and the one-way valve and the liquid inlet of the third throttling device. The three-in-one machine circuit connected in the above manner is charged with refrigerant to form a three-in-one machine refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit of the three-purpose refrigerant system has two working positions for the four-way valve: a refrigeration cycle position and a heating cycle position. In the refrigeration cycle position, the first and third ports of the four-way valve are connected, as are the second and fourth ports. In the heating cycle position, the first and second ports of the four-way valve are connected, as are the third and fourth ports. The throttle valve in the circuit is a passage for liquid flow and a blocker for airflow. The electrical components of the three-in-one machine include: the compressor, indoor fan or indoor water pump, outdoor fan, and hot water circulation pump motors. In the advanced version system, a frequency converter is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the compressor; the power supply circuits of the indoor and outdoor fans are equipped with speed control devices; and the hot water circulation pump is a variable frequency water pump. In the standard version, the indoor and outdoor fans and hot water circulation pump are configured with several speed settings. The three-in-one unit, through the switching of the four-way valve, has four refrigerant circulation loops: The first refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for hot water production in summer and dehumidification and heat replenishment in humid spring weather. The second refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for hot water production in spring and autumn. The third refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for winter heating mode; The fourth refrigerant circulation loop is suitable for single-cooling air conditioning mode and defrosting circulation mode in summer.

4. The first system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The refrigerant circulation paths, the functions of the heat exchangers in the four refrigerant circulation loops, and the application scenarios of the loops are as follows: (1) The first refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector, ports 1 and 3 → second throttle → indoor heat exchanger → four-way valve, ports 2 and 4 in the refrigeration cycle position → receiver → compressor inlet; The working equipment that drives the loop to operate in a cycle includes: compressor, indoor fan or indoor water pump, hot water circulation pump; In this circuit, the indoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb indoor air heat energy, and the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat and produce hot water. (2) The second refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector, ports 1 and 3 → first throttle → outdoor heat exchanger → four-way valve, ports 3 and 4 in heating cycle position → liquid receiver → compressor inlet; The equipment that drives this circuit to operate in a cyclical manner includes: a compressor, an outdoor fan, and a hot water circulation pump; In this circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb heat energy from the outdoor air, and the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat and produce hot water in the refrigerant circulation circuit. (3) The third refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → Hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector 1st and 2nd interface passage → Four-way valve 1st and 2nd interface passage → Indoor heat exchanger → Third throttle valve → Outdoor heat exchanger → Four-way valve 3rd and 4th interface passage → Liquid receiver → Compressor inlet; The working equipment that drives the loop to operate in a cycle includes: compressor, indoor fan, outdoor fan, and hot water circulation pump; In this circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb heat from the outdoor air, and the indoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat for heating; the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to exchange heat based on the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the hot water. (4) The fourth refrigerant circulation loop has the following refrigerant circulation path: Compressor outlet → Hot water heat exchanger → Y-type three-way connector 1st and 2nd interface passage → Four-way valve 1st and 3rd interface passage → Outdoor heat exchanger → Fourth throttle and check valve → Indoor heat exchanger → Four-way valve 2nd and 4th interface passage → Liquid receiver → Compressor inlet; The working equipment that drives the cyclic operation of this circuit includes: compressor, indoor fan, and outdoor fan; In this circuit, the indoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb indoor air energy; the outdoor heat exchanger acts as a condenser to release heat; and the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to exchange heat based on the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the hot water.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger includes: Flexible waterbed, rigid corrugated pressure plate, and outer shell; when used for heat recovery, it may also include a heat insulation layer. The flexible waterbed is a flat, sealed cavity formed by fusing and sealing two layers of plastic-aluminum composite film around its perimeter. It is filled with heat transfer liquid, which is clamped on one side to the heat exchange surface of the heat source, and squeezed on the other side by the rigid corrugated pressure plate. It is surrounded by a shell within a defined space. The flexible waterbed is used to receive the waste heat of the heat source and output the absorbed heat through the internal water flow via the inlet and outlet pipes connected to it. The inlet and outlet pipes are inserted into the pipe sections extending into both ends of the water bed and have water distribution holes drilled in them; the water distribution holes match the flow channels of the flexible water bed that are compressed, so that the water flow inside the water bed is evenly distributed; the connection between the flexible water bed and the inlet and outlet pipes is sealed by fusion welding. The rigid corrugated pressure plate is connected to the heat source component it contacts by screw fasteners on its edge, and the tightness of the pressure is adjusted synchronously by adjusting the tightness of the connecting screws, so that the flexible water bed is tightly attached to the heat exchange surface of the heat source, and the water bed is squeezed to form the same corrugated flow channel as the rigid corrugated pressure plate. The outer shell consists of a heat insulation layer, a rigid corrugated pressure plate, and a flexible waterbed stacked sequentially from bottom to top, forming a flexible waterbed heat receiver unit module.

6. The system according to claim 1 or claim 5, characterized in that: The flexible waterbed of the flexible waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger unit module is attached to the back of the photovoltaic module panel of the unit module, and is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic module panel of the unit module by the rigid corrugated pressure plate through the screw holes on its edge, thus forming a unit module of the photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger. Multiple photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger unit modules are interconnected through their inlet and outlet water pipes to form a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger array, which is then connected to the hot water preparation circulation loop of the four-generation system.

7. The first system according to claim 1 or claim 3, characterized in that: The hot water preparation and supply system of the first system includes: a hot water heat exchanger and a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as the hot water heat source; a high-level water tank and a low-level water tank for storing hot water; a hot water circulation pump for driving hot water circulation and heat exchange; an indoor heat exchanger for consuming hot water heat; a hot water outlet pipe and a hot water outlet valve for consuming hot water; an inlet pipe and an inlet valve for supplementing water; connecting water pipes and three-way switching valves, first, second, and third check valves configured on the pipes; water temperature sensors for the high-level and low-level water tanks, a water level detector for the high-level water tank, and a control system. The elevated water tank is a hot water storage tank that flows through the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger. It is installed at an elevated position, and its bottom outlet is higher than the hot water outlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger. The elevated water tank is a non-pressurized insulated water tank and is equipped with an air vent that communicates with the atmosphere. The low-level water tank is a hot water storage tank that flows through the hot water heat exchanger of the three-in-one machine. It is a pressure-bearing and heat-insulating water tank that withstands the pressure of tap water. The three-way switching valve is a three-way valve with one inlet and two outlets. Its first port (inlet) is connected to the outlet of the hot water heat exchanger, its second port (first outlet) is connected to the low-level water tank port, and its third port (second outlet) is connected to the inlet of the indoor heat exchanger. It is used to selectively switch the hot water flow path from the hot water heat exchanger to the low-level water tank or the indoor heat exchanger. The first system's hot water preparation and supply system connects the above components via pipelines to form: two types of hot water circulation loops for hot water preparation; a supplementary hot water circulation loop for indoor heating; and a tap water inlet pipe and a hot water outlet pipe for hot water supply; the two types of hot water circulation loops for hot water preparation are as follows: (1) First hot water circulation loop: This is a forced hot water circulation heat exchange loop that uses the hot water heat exchanger of the three-in-one machine as a heat source to prepare hot water. It consists of a hot water heat exchanger, a hot water circulation pump, a low-level water tank, a three-way switching valve, and a first one-way valve. Its hot water circulation path is as follows: Hot water circulation pump outlet → Hot water heat exchanger → First and second port passages of three-way switching valve → Low-level water tank → First check valve → Hot water circulation pump inlet; The first inlet pipe with the first inlet valve is connected to the pipeline between the inlet of the hot water circulation pump in the first hot water circulation loop and the outlet of the first check valve; the first check valve is used to prevent unheated tap water from flowing into the low-level water tank storing hot water when water is introduced. The hot water outlet pipe with a hot water outlet valve is connected to the pipeline between the outlet of the low-level water tank and the inlet of the first one-way valve. (2) Second hot water circulation loop: This is a natural convection circulation heat exchange loop for hot water, which uses a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as the heat source to produce hot water. It consists of a photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger, an elevated water tank, and a second one-way valve. The water flow path is as follows: The outlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger → the high-level water tank → the second check valve → the inlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger; The second one-way valve in this circuit is used to prevent hot water from reversing and dissipating heat to the photovoltaic module at night; the second inlet pipe with the second inlet valve is connected to the inlet pipe between the inlet of the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger and the outlet of the second one-way valve. (3) Hot water circulation loop for supplementary heating: It is a hot water supplementary heating forced circulation loop that uses an indoor heat exchanger as a radiator and is used in indoor dehumidification and supplementary heating applications. It consists of a hot water circulation pump, a high-level water tank, or may also include a low-level water tank. In the combined three-in-one (tri-powered, tri-function, tri-function) system, the water flow path of the supplementary hot water circulation loop is as follows: Hot water circulation pump outlet → Hot water heat exchanger → First and third ports of the three-way switching valve → Indoor heat exchanger → High-level water tank → Third check valve → Low-level water tank → First check valve → Hot water circulation pump inlet; The third one-way valve is installed on the connecting pipe between the bottom outlet of the high-level water tank and the top outlet of the low-level water tank, and is used to prevent tap water from flowing into the high-level water tank when domestic hot water is supplied by pressure from tap water.

8. The system according to claim 1 or claim 3, characterized in that: The indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange system When the indoor heat exchanger is a wind-indoor heat exchanger, it is an indoor air circulation heat exchange loop formed by the indoor air mechanism associated with it. When the indoor heat exchanger is a water-indoor heat exchanger, it together with multiple parallel indoor water-fan coil heat exchangers, an indoor circulating water pump, and a buffer water tank (or a cold / hot water storage tank) to form an indoor water circulation heat exchange loop. The water flow path is: outlet of the circulating water pump → refrigerant-water indoor heat exchanger → multiple parallel water-fan coil heat exchangers → buffer water tank → inlet of the circulating water pump. All indoor water-fan coil heat exchangers are equipped with temperature sensors and cross-flow fans. The heat exchange status of the indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange system depends on the fluid flow state outside the indoor heat exchanger tubes; when the indoor fan, or the indoor circulating water pump and crossflow fan are stopped, the indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange system is in a state of no heat exchange.

9. The first system according to claim 1 or claim 3, characterized in that, The first system is configured to achieve four-in-one power supply: hot water preparation, heating, air conditioning, surplus electricity fed into the grid, dehumidification and heat replenishment, and defrosting, and is equipped with the following operating modes: (1) The first hot water preparation mode is that the second hot water circulation loop, which is composed of the photovoltaic heat recovery heat exchanger of the first system and the high-level water tank, operates automatically by means of thermosiphon effect; and the hot water is stored in the high-level water tank. (2) The second hot water preparation mode is operated by a combination of the first refrigerant circulation loop and the first hot water circulation loop. It is suitable for situations where the room temperature is higher than 26°C, the room needs air conditioning and the water temperature in the low-temperature water tank is lower than the set hot water temperature value. In this mode, the working equipment includes a compressor, an indoor fan and a hot water circulation pump. The four-way valve is in the refrigeration circulation position. The indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb heat and cool. The hot water heat exchanger is used as a condenser to produce hot water. The hot water is stored in the low-level water tank. (3) The third hot water preparation mode is a combination of the second refrigerant circulation loop and the first hot water circulation loop, which is suitable for occasions where the room temperature is below 25°C and hot water is needed without air conditioning; In this mode, the operating equipment includes: a compressor, an outdoor fan, and a hot water circulation pump; the four-way valve is in the heating circulation position; the outdoor heat exchanger acts as an evaporator to absorb heat energy from the outdoor air; the hot water heat exchanger acts as a condenser to produce hot water; and the hot water is stored in a low-level water tank. (4) First heating mode: It is operated by a combination of the third refrigerant circulation loop and the indoor air conditioning heating heat exchange loop, and is suitable for use in situations where the room temperature is below 18°C ​​and heating is required; in this mode, the equipment includes: compressor, outdoor fan, indoor fan or indoor circulating water pump; the four-way valve is in the heating circulation position; the outdoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb outdoor air heat energy; the indoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser for heating; (5) Second heating mode: The second hot water circulation loop and the supplementary hot water circulation loop are combined and operated. It is suitable for occasions where the hot water temperature in the high-level water tank is higher than 30°C and the indoor heating needs to supplement the heating. In this mode, the working equipment includes: hot water circulation pump and fan of supplementary heat exchanger. The photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger absorbs the waste heat of photovoltaic modules and produces hot water which is stored in the high-level water tank. The supplementary hot water circulation loop transports the hot water from the high-level water tank and the low-temperature water tank to the indoor supplementary heat exchanger to dissipate heat and supplement the indoor heating. (6) Refrigeration and air conditioning mode: The fourth refrigerant circulation loop operates independently and is suitable for single-use air conditioning applications where the room temperature is higher than 25°C and the water temperature in the low-level water tank is higher than the lower limit of the set hot water temperature. In this mode, the operating equipment includes: compressor, indoor fan or indoor circulating water pump, and outdoor fan; the four-way valve is in the refrigeration circulation position; the indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb indoor air heat energy for air conditioning; the outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser to dissipate heat. (7) Dehumidification and heating mode: This mode is achieved by the coordinated operation of the first refrigerant circulation loop and the heating hot water circulation loop. It is suitable for situations where the relative humidity is greater than 75% and the room temperature is lower than 20°C. In this mode, the working equipment includes: compressor, indoor fan, and hot water circulation pump. The four-way valve is in the refrigeration circulation position. The indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator to absorb heat and dehumidify. The hot water heat exchanger is used as a condenser to produce hot water for heating. The indoor heating heat exchanger is used as a radiator to provide heating to the room. (8) Reverse circulation defrosting mode: This mode is achieved by the combined operation of the fourth refrigerant circulation loop and the first hot water circulation loop. It is suitable for situations where the compressor suction pressure is detected to be lower than a preset threshold when the first heating mode is in operation. In this mode, the operating equipment includes: a compressor and a hot water circulation pump. The four-way valve is in the refrigeration circulation position. The outdoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser for defrosting. The hot water heat exchanger is used as an intermediate heat exchanger to absorb the heat from the hot water in the storage tank and transport it to the outdoor heat exchanger by the refrigerant for defrosting. (9) Surplus power grid connection mode: When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module array of the photovoltaic power system is higher than the grid voltage threshold and the system is in a shutdown state, power is supplied to the grid through the grid-connected inverter and the bidirectional meter.

10. The second system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air conditioning unit includes: a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first throttle valve and its one-way valve, a second throttle valve, and a liquid receiver; the four-way valve has four ports and two operating positions: a cooling cycle position and a heating cycle position; the above equipment is connected by pipelines to form two refrigerant circulation loops in the second system. In the refrigeration cycle loop, with the four-way valve in the refrigeration cycle position, the refrigerant path is: compressor outlet → four-way valve's first and third port connections → outdoor heat exchanger → first expansion valve → one-way valve → indoor heat exchanger → four-way valve's second and fourth port connections → receiver-of-charge → compressor inlet. This loop is suitable for cooling mode. In the heating cycle loop, with the four-way valve in the heating cycle position, the refrigerant path is: compressor outlet → four-way valve's first and second port passages → indoor heat exchanger → second expansion valve → outdoor heat exchanger → four-way valve's third and fourth port passages → receiver → compressor inlet; this loop is suitable for heating mode. The second system's hot water preparation and supply system includes: a photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger, a hot water storage tank, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, a three-way switching valve, a hot water circulation pump, an indoor heat exchanger, a defrosting hot water pipe and its solenoid valve, a hot water outlet pipe and its outlet valve, and an inlet pipe and its inlet valve; it constructs two hot water circulation loops that use the photovoltaic waterbed heat recovery heat exchanger as a heat source to prepare hot water. The first hot water circulation loop (thermal siphon natural convection circulation loop) is suitable for the first hot water production mode. The water flow path is: photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger outlet → hot water storage tank → second one-way valve → photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger inlet; The second hot water circulation loop (forced circulation heat exchange loop) is suitable for the second hot water production mode. The water flow path is: hot water circulation pump outlet → the passage between the first and second ports of the three-way switching valve → photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger → hot water storage tank → first check valve → hot water circulation pump inlet; The three-way switching valve is used to switch the hot water flow path between flowing through the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger and flowing through the indoor heat replenishment heat exchanger; The hot water circulation loop constructed with the indoor heat exchanger as the radiator is suitable for indoor heat replenishment during dehumidification and auxiliary heating in winter. Its water flow path is: hot water circulation pump outlet → the first and third ports of the three-way switching valve → indoor heat exchanger → hot water storage tank → first check valve → hot water circulation pump inlet. The defrosting hot water pipe is a branch defrosting pipe connected to the third interface of the three-way switching valve. The end of the defrosting pipe is a sprayer that extends to the top of the fins of the outdoor heat exchanger, and a defrosting solenoid valve is installed on it. The second system utilizes two refrigerant circulation loops from the heating and cooling air conditioner; two hot water circulation loops from the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger as a heat source to prepare hot water; and the selection and combination of the supplementary hot water circulation loop and the defrosting hot water pipeline loops. To achieve a quadruple power supply system, seven operating modes are constructed, with the corresponding loop combinations as follows: (1) Cooling and air conditioning mode: corresponds to the operation of the cooling cycle loop; (2) Heating and heating mode: corresponding to the operation of the heating circulation loop; (3) First hot water preparation mode: corresponding to the operation of the first hot water circulation loop, the hot water is prepared by the photovoltaic water bed heat recovery heat exchanger absorbing the waste heat of the photovoltaic module; (4) Second hot water preparation mode: This mode corresponds to the operation of the second hot water circulation loop and is used when rapid hot water preparation is required. (5) Dehumidification and heating mode: corresponding to the operation of the heating hot water circulation loop; (6) Hot water defrosting mode: The corresponding hot water spray defrosting is operated on the hot water pipeline. During the defrosting period, the compressor, indoor fan and outdoor fan are stopped and the defrosting solenoid valve is opened; (7) Surplus electricity grid connection mode: When the output voltage of the photovoltaic module array of the photovoltaic power system is higher than the grid voltage threshold and the system is in a shutdown state, the surplus electricity is transmitted to the grid through the grid-connected inverter and the bidirectional meter.

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