A monitoring system for tunnel water infiltration

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of detection devices, and particularly discloses a monitoring system for tunnel water seepage, which comprises a fixed pipe with one end sealed, a cover plate detachably arranged at the open end of the fixed pipe, a plurality of first through holes arranged in the side wall of the fixed pipe, an isolation pipe arranged in the fixed pipe, a plurality of second through holes arranged in the side wall of the isolation pipe, a detection pipe arranged in the isolation pipe, a plurality of first sealing elements arranged between the isolation pipe and the detection pipe, and a plurality of detection assemblies arranged on the outer wall of the detection pipe; the isolation pipe and the detection pipe are in abutment with the cover plate; and the plurality of first sealing elements and the plurality of detection assemblies are alternately arranged along the length direction of the detection pipe. The monitoring system for tunnel water seepage can effectively and timely detect the water seepage condition of the rock soil inside the deep inner wall of the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of detection devices, and more specifically, to a monitoring system for tunnel seepage. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of transportation infrastructure, the structural stability and operational safety of tunnels directly affect road network efficiency, the safety of people and property, and regional economic development. Water seepage through the inner walls is one of the most common defects during tunnel operation. If not detected and addressed in a timely manner, it can gradually erode the main tunnel structure, damage ancillary facilities, and even lead to safety accidents.

[0003] Current mainstream methods for detecting seepage in tunnel walls have significant limitations: First, manual inspection relies on personnel patrolling and observing seepage marks on the inner walls, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also inefficient and easily influenced by subjective experience, leading to missed potential problems. Second, image recognition detection uses cameras to capture images and algorithms to analyze and identify seepage, but this is highly dependent on algorithms and has a high false detection rate. Third, sensor detection involves deploying sensors on the tunnel inner walls to monitor moisture, but this can only detect surface moisture and requires a certain level of seepage to trigger detection, resulting in insufficient sensitivity. None of these methods can effectively detect deep seepage within the tunnel's inner soil and rock, making it difficult to predict seepage and only allowing passive awareness after seepage has occurred. Therefore, a device capable of real-time detection of deep seepage within the tunnel inner walls can be designed to proactively detect seepage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring system for tunnel seepage, which can effectively detect seepage in the soil and rock deep inside the tunnel wall in real time.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: The monitoring system for tunnel seepage of the present invention includes a fixed pipe with one end sealed, a cover plate detachably disposed at the open end of the fixed pipe, a plurality of first through holes opened in the side wall of the fixed pipe, an isolation pipe disposed in the fixed pipe, a plurality of second through holes opened in the side wall of the isolation pipe, a detection pipe disposed in the isolation pipe, a plurality of first sealing members disposed between the isolation pipe and the detection pipe, and a plurality of detection components disposed on the outer wall of the detection pipe; the isolation pipe and the detection pipe both abut against the cover plate, and the plurality of first sealing members and the plurality of detection components are alternately arranged along the length direction of the detection pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the detection component includes a first wire with a non-closed loop structure, a break point on the first wire, a fiber cloth fixed at the break point, solid salt particles in the fiber cloth, a second wire connected to one end of the first wire, and a third wire connected to the other end of the first wire; the first wire is attached to the outer wall of the detection tube.

[0007] Furthermore, one of the detection components includes a plurality of first wires; the plurality of first wires are distributed along the length direction of the detection tube, and a gap is provided between adjacent first wires; the plurality of fiber cloths are distributed along the circumferential direction of the detection tube; and the plurality of first wires are simultaneously connected to the second wire and the third wire.

[0008] Furthermore, the first sealing element includes an annular first sealing strip disposed on the inner wall of the isolation tube, an annular first groove formed on the first sealing strip, a first sealing ring disposed in the first groove, and an annular second sealing strip disposed on the outer wall of the detection tube; the first sealing ring abuts against the second sealing strip.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a ventilation device connected to the detection tube.

[0010] Furthermore, a first annular sealing ring is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the fixed tube near its closed end, a second annular sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the isolation tube near the first sealing ring, and a third annular sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the detection tube near the first sealing ring; the third sealing ring is located near the closed end of the fixed tube, the first sealing ring is located between the second and third sealing rings, the second sealing ring abuts against the first sealing ring, the third sealing ring abuts against the second sealing ring, a gap is provided between the second sealing ring and the outer wall of the detection tube, and a gap is provided between the third sealing ring and the inner wall of the fixed tube; the ventilation device includes an air inlet pipe located inside the detection tube, and a fourth sealing ring located on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe near the third sealing ring; the air inlet pipe passes through the cover plate and is slidably connected to the cover plate, and the fourth sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the ventilation device also includes a spring disposed between the third sealing ring and the closed end of the fixed pipe; one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the third sealing ring, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the fixed pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the ventilation device also includes a plurality of exhaust holes opened on the cover plate, the plurality of exhaust holes being circumferentially distributed and located between the isolation tube and the detection tube.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of second sealing elements are provided between the fixed tube and the isolation tube, with one second sealing element disposed close to one of the first sealing elements; the second sealing element includes an annular third sealing strip disposed on the inner wall of the fixed tube, an annular second groove disposed on the third sealing strip, and a second sealing ring disposed in the second groove; the second sealing ring abuts against the outer wall of the isolation tube; a plurality of annular filter cotton is provided between the fixed tube and the isolation tube, the plurality of filter cotton being distributed along the axial direction of the isolation tube, and the filter cotton and the second sealing elements being alternately distributed.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the fixed tube is provided with multiple annular third grooves, and a third sealing ring is provided in the third grooves.

[0015] The technical solution of this invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: In the tunnel seepage monitoring system of this invention, a smooth and uniform borehole is first drilled into the inner wall of the tunnel using a drilling rig. The borehole is then cleaned and dried. A fixing pipe is then inserted into the borehole and fixed in place. During use, when seepage occurs in the soil and rock inside the tunnel, the water gradually passes through the first through-hole on the fixing pipe and the second through-hole on the isolation pipe before contacting the detection component, thus being detected by the detection component. Since there are multiple detection components, and these components are independent, theoretically, the deepest detection component will be triggered first. However, due to the presence of the first sealing element, adjacent detection components will not affect each other. Therefore, by observing the triggering status of the detection components, it is possible to determine whether seepage has occurred in the soil and rock inside the tunnel and the depth of the seepage. This allows for advance detection before the water seeps into the inner wall of the tunnel, enabling timely countermeasures. Furthermore, once the device is installed, it can automatically detect seepage, eliminating the need for manual visual inspection of each section of the tunnel inner wall, effectively improving detection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring system for tunnel seepage provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a two-view structural schematic diagram of the monitoring system for tunnel seepage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a tunnel seepage monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal two-state structure of the monitoring system for tunnel seepage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the isolation tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the isolation tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection tube provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter cotton provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Icons: 11-Fixed tube, 111-First sealing ring, 12-Cover plate, 121-Exhaust port, 13-First through hole, 14-Isolation tube, 141-Second sealing ring, 15-Second through hole, 16-Detection tube, 161-Third sealing ring, 17-First seal, 171-First sealing strip, 172-First sealing ring, 173-Second sealing strip, 18-Second seal, 181-Third sealing strip, 182-Second sealing ring, 19-Third sealing ring, 20-Detection assembly, 21-First wire, 22-Fiber cloth, 23-Second wire, 24-Third wire, 31-Inlet pipe, 32-Fourth sealing ring, 33-Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example

[0030] The following description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, further illustrates the points, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 12As shown, the monitoring system for tunnel seepage in this embodiment includes a fixed pipe 11 with one end sealed, a cover plate 12 detachably disposed at the open end of the fixed pipe 11, a plurality of first through holes 13 opened on the side wall of the fixed pipe 11, an isolation pipe 14 disposed inside the fixed pipe 11, a plurality of second through holes 15 opened on the side wall of the isolation pipe 14, a detection pipe 16 disposed inside the isolation pipe 14, a plurality of first sealing members 17 disposed between the isolation pipe 14 and the detection pipe 16, and a plurality of detection components 20 disposed on the outer wall of the detection pipe 16; the isolation pipe 14 and the detection pipe 16 both abut against the cover plate 12, and the plurality of first sealing members 17 and the plurality of detection components 20 are alternately arranged along the length direction of the detection pipe 16. Specifically, in use, a drilling rig is first used to drill smooth and uniform holes in the inner wall of the tunnel. The holes are then cleaned and dried. The fixing pipe 11 is then inserted into the holes and secured. During operation, when water seeps into the soil and rock inside the tunnel, the water gradually passes through the first through hole 13 on the fixing pipe 11 and the second through hole 15 on the isolation pipe 14 before contacting the detection component 20, where it is detected. Since there are multiple detection components 20, and each component is independent, theoretically, the deepest detection component 20 will be triggered first. However, due to the presence of the first sealing element 17, adjacent detection components 20 will not affect each other. Therefore, the triggering status of the detection components 20 can be used to determine whether water seepage has occurred in the soil and rock inside the tunnel and the depth of the seepage. This allows for advance detection before water seeps into the inner wall of the tunnel, enabling timely countermeasures. Furthermore, once installed, the device can automatically detect water, eliminating the need for manual visual inspection of the tunnel inner wall and effectively improving detection efficiency.

[0031] The detection component 20 in this embodiment includes a first wire 21 with a non-closed loop structure, a break point on the first wire 21, a fiber cloth 22 fixed at the break point, solid salt particles in the fiber cloth 22, a second wire 23 connected to one end of the first wire 21, and a third wire 24 connected to the other end of the first wire 21; the first wire 21 is attached to the outer wall of the detection tube 16. Specifically, the detection principle of the detection component 20 is as follows: Since the first conductor 21 has a break, it is not conductive when dry. When water seepage occurs, the water or water vapor is absorbed by the fiber cloth 22 (preferably a polyester fiber web), and then the solid salts (preferably potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, etc.) in the fiber cloth 22 dissolve, forming a conductive liquid. This connects the first conductor 21, generating a related electrical signal. This signal indicates that water seepage has occurred. Different amounts of water result in different levels of conductivity. For example, when the amount of water is small, less solid salt dissolves, and the number of ions in the fiber cloth 22 is low, resulting in poor conductivity and a higher resistance. If the same voltage is applied to the second conductor 23 and the third conductor 24, the detected current will be smaller, and the voltage drop at the fiber cloth 22 will be greater, leading to a lower detected voltage. Conversely, if the amount of water seepage is large, the opposite will occur. Therefore, the degree of water seepage can be roughly determined by the difference in the signal.

[0032] In this embodiment, a detection component 20 includes multiple first wires 21. The multiple first wires 21 are distributed along the length of the detection tube 16, with gaps between adjacent first wires 21. Multiple fiber cloths 22 are distributed along the circumference of the detection tube 16. The multiple first wires 21 are simultaneously connected to second wires 23 and third wires 24. Specifically, setting multiple first wires 21 can effectively improve detection accuracy and avoid missed detections. Furthermore, the circumferential distribution of the fiber cloths 22 allows for rapid detection of water seepage from all directions.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first sealing element 17 includes an annular first sealing strip 171 disposed on the inner wall of the isolation tube 14, an annular first groove formed on the first sealing strip 171, a first sealing ring 172 engaged in the first groove, and an annular second sealing strip 173 disposed on the outer wall of the detection tube 16; the first sealing ring 172 abuts against the second sealing strip 173. Specifically, the first sealing element 17 can effectively isolate adjacent detection components 20. The contact between the first sealing ring 172 and the second sealing strip 173 achieves a highly efficient sealing effect. Furthermore, the presence of the first sealing strip 171 and the second sealing strip 173 creates a certain gap between the isolation tube 14 and the detection tube 16, allowing water to enter.

[0034] In this embodiment, a ventilation device connected to the detection tube 16 is also included. A first annular sealing ring 111 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the fixed tube 11 near its closed end. A second annular sealing ring 141 is provided on the inner wall of the isolation tube 14 near the first sealing ring 111. A third annular sealing ring 161 is provided on the outer wall of the detection tube 16 near the first sealing ring 111. The third sealing ring 161 is disposed near the closed end of the fixed tube 11. The first sealing ring 111 is located between the second sealing ring 141 and the third sealing ring 161. 11. The third sealing ring 161 abuts against the second sealing ring 141. A gap is provided between the second sealing ring 141 and the outer wall of the detection tube 16, and a gap is provided between the third sealing ring 161 and the inner wall of the fixed tube 11. The ventilation device includes an air inlet pipe 31 disposed in the detection tube 16, and a fourth sealing ring 32 disposed on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 31 near the end of the third sealing ring 161. The air inlet pipe 31 passes through the cover plate 12 and is slidably connected to the cover plate 12, and the fourth sealing ring 32 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection tube 16. Specifically, under normal circumstances, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 3 As shown, both the second sealing ring 141 and the first sealing ring 111 abut against the second sealing ring 141, thus sealing the space between the isolation pipe 14 and the detection pipe 16. The device may need to be reset after a period of operation. The purpose of resetting is to re-dry the fiber cloth 22. Even if the original seepage points on the tunnel wall no longer seep water, the water in the isolation pipe 14 is difficult to evaporate. Therefore, the fiber cloth 22 can be dried manually. The operation method is as follows: connect the external air supply pipe directly to the air inlet pipe 31, and then push the air inlet pipe 31 towards the end of the fixed pipe 11, causing the air inlet pipe 31 and the isolation pipe 14 to move towards the end of the fixed pipe 11, thus separating the third sealing ring 161 from the second sealing ring 141, creating a gap between them (as shown in the attached diagram). Figure 4 As shown (arrows indicate the direction of gas flow), the gas supply pipe blows out the airflow, which enters the air inlet pipe 31 and then enters the space between the isolation pipe 14 and the detection pipe 16 through the gap between the second sealing ring 141 and the detection pipe 16. Due to the axial movement of the detection pipe 16, the first sealing strip 171 and the second sealing strip 173 separate (i.e., they are misaligned). A gap will also be generated between the first sealing strip 171 and the second sealing strip 173, through which air can flow, thereby blowing the fiber cloth 22 on the outer wall of the detection pipe 16 (slightly warm air can be used) to dry the fiber cloth 22. The solid salt in the fiber cloth 22 becomes solid again, thus completing the device reset operation.

[0035] In addition to resetting the device, the above-mentioned ventilation device can also be used to test the detection accuracy of the device. For example, water vapor can be introduced into the air inlet pipe 31 through the same operation to forcibly trigger the detection component 20 and determine whether the detection component 20 can be triggered normally. After the test is completed, it can be dried.

[0036] The ventilation device in this embodiment also includes a spring 33 disposed between the third sealing ring 161 and the closed end of the fixed tube 11; one end of the spring 33 is fixedly connected to the third sealing ring 161, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the fixed tube 11. Specifically, the spring 33 is always in a compressed state, so that the spring 33 can press the third sealing ring 161 onto the second sealing ring 141 to keep it sealed.

[0037] The ventilation device in this embodiment also includes multiple exhaust holes 121 formed on the cover plate 12. These exhaust holes 121 are circumferentially distributed and located between the isolation tube 14 and the detection tube 16. Specifically, the exhaust holes 121 are mainly used for gas discharge. When not in use, they can be plugged with sealing plugs.

[0038] In this embodiment, multiple second sealing elements 18 are provided between the fixed pipe 11 and the isolation pipe 14, with each second sealing element 18 positioned close to a first sealing element 17. Each second sealing element 18 includes an annular third sealing strip 181 disposed on the inner wall of the fixed pipe 11, an annular second groove on the third sealing strip 181, and a second sealing ring 182 disposed in the second groove. The second sealing ring 182 abuts against the outer wall of the isolation pipe 14. Multiple annular filter cotton is provided between the fixed pipe 11 and the isolation pipe 14, distributed axially along the isolation pipe 14, and alternating with the second sealing elements 18. Specifically, the second sealing elements 18 primarily separate the space between the fixed pipe 11 and the isolation pipe 14, thus preventing water from flowing downstream through the outer wall of the isolation pipe 14 into different detection components 20. Furthermore, the filter cotton filters out large particles of sediment, etc. When maintenance is required, the cover plate 12 can be removed first, then the isolation tube 14 can be pulled out from the fixed tube 11, and then the detection tube 16 can be pulled out. This makes it easy to replace or maintain the filter cotton and the detection component 20.

[0039] In this embodiment, the outer wall of the fixing tube 11 is provided with multiple annular third grooves, and a third sealing ring 19 is provided in the third groove. Specifically, the third sealing ring 19 is mainly used to seal the space between the inner wall of the drill hole and the fixing tube 11.

[0040] In summary, the tunnel seepage monitoring system of this embodiment, during use, first uses a drilling rig to drill smooth and uniform holes in the inner wall of the tunnel. These holes are then cleaned and dried. Next, a fixing pipe 11 is inserted into the hole and secured. During operation, when seepage occurs in the tunnel's soil and rock, the water gradually passes through the first through hole 13 on the fixing pipe 11 and the second through hole 15 on the isolation pipe 14 before contacting the detection component 20, where it is detected. Since there are multiple detection components 20, and each component is independent, theoretically, the deepest detection component 20 will be triggered first. However, due to the presence of the first sealing element 17, adjacent detection components 20 will not affect each other. Therefore, by observing the triggering status of the detection components 20, it is possible to determine whether seepage has occurred in the tunnel's soil and rock and the depth of the seepage. This allows for early detection before water seeps into the tunnel's inner wall, enabling proactive countermeasures. Furthermore, once installed, the device can automatically detect seepage, eliminating the need for manual visual inspection of the tunnel's inner wall and effectively improving detection efficiency.

[0041] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring system for tunnel seepage, characterized in that: It includes a fixed tube sealed at one end, a cover plate detachably disposed at the open end of the fixed tube, a plurality of first through holes opened in the side wall of the fixed tube, an isolation tube disposed inside the fixed tube, a plurality of second through holes opened in the side wall of the isolation tube, a detection tube disposed inside the isolation tube, a plurality of first sealing elements disposed between the isolation tube and the detection tube, and a plurality of detection components disposed on the outer wall of the detection tube; Both the isolation tube and the detection tube abut against the cover plate, and a plurality of the first sealing elements and a plurality of the detection components are alternately arranged along the length of the detection tube; The first sealing element includes an annular first sealing strip disposed on the inner wall of the isolation tube, an annular first groove formed on the first sealing strip, a first sealing ring disposed in the first groove, and an annular second sealing strip disposed on the outer wall of the detection tube. The first sealing ring abuts against the second sealing strip; It also includes a ventilation device connected to the detection tube; The fixed tube has a first annular sealing ring fixed on its inner wall near its closed end, the isolation tube has a second annular sealing ring on its inner wall near the first sealing ring, and the detection tube has a third annular sealing ring on its outer wall near the first sealing ring. The third sealing ring is disposed near the closed end of the fixed tube, the first sealing ring is disposed between the second sealing ring and the third sealing ring, the second sealing ring abuts against the first sealing ring, the third sealing ring abuts against the second sealing ring, a gap is provided between the second sealing ring and the outer wall of the detection tube, and a gap is provided between the third sealing ring and the inner wall of the fixed tube; The ventilation device includes an air inlet pipe disposed inside the detection tube, and a fourth sealing ring disposed on the outer wall of the air inlet pipe near the third sealing ring; the air inlet pipe passes through the cover plate and is slidably connected to the cover plate, and the fourth sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the detection tube.

2. The monitoring system for tunnel seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component includes a first wire with a non-closed loop structure, a break point on the first wire, a fiber cloth fixed at the break point, solid salt particles in the fiber cloth, a second wire connected to one end of the first wire, and a third wire connected to the other end of the first wire. The first wire is attached to the outer wall of the detection tube.

3. The monitoring system for tunnel seepage according to claim 2, characterized in that: One of the detection components includes a plurality of the first wires; Multiple first wires are distributed along the length of the detection tube, with gaps between adjacent first wires. Multiple fiber cloths are distributed along the circumference of the detection tube, and multiple first wires are simultaneously connected to the second wire and the third wire.

4. The monitoring system for tunnel seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation device also includes a spring disposed between the third sealing ring and the closed end of the fixed pipe; One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the third sealing ring, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the fixed tube.

5. The monitoring system for tunnel seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation device also includes a plurality of exhaust holes opened on the cover plate, the plurality of exhaust holes being circumferentially distributed and located between the isolation tube and the detection tube.

6. The monitoring system for tunnel seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of second sealing elements are provided between the fixed tube and the isolation tube, with one second sealing element positioned close to one of the first sealing elements; The second sealing element includes an annular third sealing strip disposed on the inner wall of the fixed tube, an annular second groove disposed on the third sealing strip, and a second sealing ring disposed in the second groove; the second sealing ring abuts against the outer wall of the isolation tube. Multiple annular filter cottons are provided between the fixed tube and the isolation tube. The multiple filter cottons are distributed along the axial direction of the isolation tube, and the filter cottons are alternately distributed with the second sealing element.

7. The monitoring system for tunnel seepage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fixed tube is provided with multiple annular third slots, and a third sealing ring is provided in the third slot.

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