Water quality detection device and detection method after PFAS wastewater treatment by using iron-based energy storage material

Abstract

The invention discloses a water quality detection device for PFAS wastewater treated by an iron-based energy storage material, and belongs to the technical field of water quality detection.The water quality detection device comprises a peristaltic pump, the output end of the peristaltic pump is connected with an air bag, the air bag is connected with a sampling pipe, and the sampling pipe is driven to sink and float in sampling liquid through inflation and deflation of air in the air bag; the peristaltic pump is composed of a pump shell, a wheel carrier, an adjusting wheel and a fixed wheel, the fixed wheel is installed on the wheel carrier through a rotating shaft, the adjusting wheel can do linear motion on the wheel carrier, a hose is further arranged in the pump shell, and the hose is in a U shape in the pump shell and sequentially penetrates through the adjusting wheel and the fixed wheel. The peristaltic pump is used for controlling the air bag to be inflated and deflated, the sampling pipe is driven to sink and float in sampling liquid, water samples of different liquid level depths can be collected, diversified water quality monitoring requirements are met, and the quality conditions of water bodies of different depths can be comprehensively known.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water quality testing technology, specifically a device and method for testing the water quality of PFAS wastewater after treatment using iron-based energy storage materials. Background Technology

[0002] Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of persistent organic pollutants that are widely present in the environment and pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. Iron-based energy storage materials have shown some potential in the treatment of PFAS wastewater. However, the distribution of PFAS and its degradation products in water bodies at different depths after treatment may vary. Currently, existing water quality testing methods are difficult to accurately obtain water samples at different depths when dealing with PFAS wastewater treated by iron-based energy storage materials. This makes it impossible to comprehensively and accurately assess the treatment effect, which may lead to biases in the judgment of the water quality after wastewater treatment.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN119246804B discloses a water quality testing device. A sampling device is placed underwater to separate from the testing component via a release and recovery component on the testing component. The sampling device is vertically submerged underwater by a buoyancy device to collect samples. After sampling, the sampling device floats to the surface by the buoyancy device. The testing component then moves towards the sampling device and connects to it via the release and recovery component to complete the retrieval of the sampling device. The sampling device can be separated from the testing component and can submerge and float vertically by gravity.

[0004] However, existing snorkeling devices are too complex in structure and can only move longitudinally, making them unsuitable for treated PFAS wastewater. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A water quality monitoring device for PFAS wastewater treated with iron-based energy storage materials includes a peristaltic pump. An air bladder is connected to the output end of the peristaltic pump, and a sampling tube is connected to the air bladder. The inflation and deflation of gas in the air bladder causes the sampling tube to float and sink in the sampled liquid, thereby achieving the purpose of sampling at different liquid levels. The peristaltic pump consists of a pump casing, a wheel frame, an adjusting wheel, and a fixed wheel. The fixed wheel is mounted on the wheel frame via a rotating shaft, and the adjusting wheel can move linearly on the wheel frame. A flexible hose is also provided inside the pump casing, forming a U-shape within the pump casing and passing sequentially through the adjusting wheel. The pump housing has a driver on its rear surface, with the driver end passing through the pump housing and connected to the center of the wheel frame. One end of the hose is connected to the output pipe, and the end of the output pipe is connected to the air bladder. The other end of the hose is connected to a connecting pipe, and the end of the connecting pipe is connected to a gas storage tower. When the driver rotates clockwise, it drives the wheel frame to rotate, causing the adjusting wheel and the fixed wheel to squeeze the hose. This causes the gas in the gas storage tower to enter the hose through the connecting pipe and then be transported to the output pipe to inflate the air bladder. Conversely, when the driver rotates counterclockwise, it extracts the gas from the air bladder.

[0007] Furthermore, the wheel frame consists of two symmetrical rhomboid pieces. The lower rhomboid piece has a limiting waist ring on its inner surface at the mounting point of the adjusting wheel, and the upper rhomboid piece has a waist hole at the mounting point of the adjusting wheel. The limiting waist ring has a built-in connecting shaft. The adjusting wheel is sleeved on the connecting shaft and the fixed wheel on the same horizontal plane. One end of the connecting shaft is inserted into the waist hole and fixedly sleeved with a bearing. The surface of the upper rhomboid piece is equipped with a cylinder. The output shaft of the cylinder is welded to the bearing. The adjusting wheel achieves linear movement on the wheel frame by pushing and pulling the connecting shaft through the cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, a directional valve is connected to the end of the connecting pipe, and a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe are connected to the directional valve. The ends of the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are both connected to the gas storage tower. The gas in the gas storage tower enters the directional valve through the first branch pipe and is then transported to the connecting pipe until it reaches the hose and is driven by the peristaltic pump to enter the air bladder. Conversely, the gas in the air bladder is driven by the peristaltic pump to be drawn into the hose, and then, driven by subsequent gas, flows through the connecting pipe to the directional valve and is transported into the second branch pipe, and finally recovered in the gas storage tower.

[0009] Furthermore, the ports of the connecting pipe, the first branch pipe, and the second branch pipe are arranged in a circular pattern on the directional valve, and the directional valve has a built-in rotating baffle. The gas flow path is adjusted by rotating the baffle inside the directional valve. A groove is opened at the end of the baffle, and a sealing strip is installed in the groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the rear surface of the directional valve is provided with a large gear, which is connected to the center of the baffle via a shaft. The front surface of the directional valve is provided with an end cover, and a connecting plate extends out from one side of the end cover. A motor is mounted on the connecting plate, and a drive gear is fixedly sleeved on the drive end of the motor, and the drive gear meshes with the large gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the internal disc of the gas storage tower divides the inner cavity of the gas storage tower into upper and lower parts. The first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are respectively connected to the two cavities. The two cavities are connected to the sides by connecting pipes, and the connecting pipes are equipped with one-way valves.

[0012] Based on the sampling mechanism in the aforementioned water quality testing device, this application provides a method for testing the water quality of PFAS wastewater treated by iron-based energy storage materials, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1, water sample collection: Use the sampling module in the water quality testing device described in claim 1 to take samples at different liquid depths, adjust the airbag inflation volume multiple times according to the testing requirements, obtain at least two water samples at different depths and store them separately.

[0014] Step 2, Pretreatment: Add acid to the collected water sample to adjust the pH value to 2-3, and then filter it through a 0.45μm filter membrane. The added acid is hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.

[0015] Step 3, Instrumental Analysis: The pretreated water sample was analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) system, with specific chromatographic column, mobile phase, and mass spectrometry detection mode set.

[0016] Step 4, Data Analysis: Based on the instrumental analysis data, establish a distribution model of PFAS and related substances in water samples from different depths, and analyze the concentration variation law. The mobile phase A of the high-performance liquid chromatography is an aqueous solution containing 0.1% formic acid, and the mobile phase B is an acetonitrile solution containing 0.1% formic acid, using gradient elution. The mass spectrometry analysis uses an electrospray ionization source, negative ion mode detection, and selects reaction monitoring mode to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of PFAS and related substances.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] (1) The sampling module used in the water quality testing device of the present invention controls the inflation and deflation of the air bladder through a peristaltic pump, which drives the sampling tube to float and sink in the sampling liquid. It can conveniently and accurately collect water samples at different liquid depths, meet diverse water quality monitoring needs, and provide a comprehensive understanding of the quality status of water bodies at different depths. The peristaltic pump adopts a unique design, with the adjusting wheel moving linearly on the wheel frame. Combined with the fixed wheel squeezing the hose, it controls the gas delivery. This design is simple and efficient, ensuring that the peristaltic pump works stably and reliably, and effectively realizing the filling and extraction of gas.

[0019] (2) The sampling module, directional valve and related pipelines used in the water quality testing device of the present invention enable the gas to circulate between the gas bag and the gas storage tower, which not only realizes the recycling and reuse of gas, reduces energy consumption and cost, but also improves the overall operating efficiency of the device. The directional valve has a built-in rotating baffle, which is controlled by a motor-driven gear to precisely adjust the gas flow path, ensuring that the gas flows in the predetermined direction, improving the control accuracy and stability of the device. The gas storage tower is equipped with a disc-separated inner cavity, and different cavities are connected to the connecting pipes through a one-way valve, which helps the orderly flow and management of gas, further improving the working performance and reliability of the device.

[0020] (3) The water quality detection method in this invention adopts a specific pretreatment method and advanced instrumental analysis, which can effectively separate and detect PFAS and related substances, improve the accuracy and sensitivity of detection, and help to accurately evaluate the treatment effect of iron-based energy storage materials on PFAS wastewater. Based on the detection results of water samples at different depths, data analysis is carried out to establish a content distribution model, which can fully understand the vertical distribution of PFAS and related substances in the treated wastewater, and provide a scientific basis for further optimizing the wastewater treatment process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is the three-dimensional structure of the sampling module of the water quality testing device in this invention. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the sampling module of the water quality testing device in this invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is the three-dimensional structure of the sampling module of the water quality testing device in this invention. Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 4 In this invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the sampling module of the water quality testing device in this invention.

[0026] Figure 6 In this invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a rear view of the sampling module of the water quality testing device in this invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a plan view of the internal structure of the sampling module in this invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the drive pump in this invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a side view of the drive pump in this invention.

[0031] The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows:

[0032] 100. Pump casing; 101. Wheel frame; 1011. Driver; 102. Fixed wheel; 103. Adjusting wheel; 1031. Coupling; 1032. Cylinder; 1033. Limiting ring; 200. Hose; 201. Output pipe; 2011. Airbag; 202. Connecting pipe; 2021. First branch pipe; 2022. Second branch pipe; 203. Directional valve; 2031. Baffle; 2032. Sealing strip; 2033. Motor; 2034. Drive gear; 2035. Large gear; 2036. End cap; 300. Gas storage tower; 301. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention provides the following embodiments:

[0034] like Figures 1-8 A water quality testing device for PFAS wastewater treated with iron-based energy storage materials includes a peristaltic pump. An air bladder 2011 is connected to the output end of the peristaltic pump, and a sampling tube is connected to the air bladder 2011. In this embodiment, the air bladder 2011 is connected to the end of the output tube 201 of the peristaltic pump. By inflating or deflating gas, it changes its own volume, and using Archimedes' principle, it causes the connected sampling tube to float and sink in the sampling liquid, thereby achieving the purpose of sampling at different liquid depths. The air bladder 2011 serves to control the depth of the sampling tube. The key component features rapid response and convenient control. Through precise control of the inflation and deflation of the airbag 2011 via a peristaltic pump, the position of the sampling tube in the liquid can be quickly and accurately adjusted to meet the needs of water sample collection at different depths. This enables the water quality testing device to sample at different liquid levels. The peristaltic pump consists of a pump housing 100, a wheel frame 101, an adjusting wheel 103, and a fixed wheel 102. The fixed wheel 102 is mounted on the wheel frame 101 via a rotating shaft, and the adjusting wheel 103 can move linearly on the wheel frame 101. Figure 5In this embodiment, a flexible hose 200 is also provided inside the pump housing 100. The flexible hose 200 is U-shaped in the pump housing 100 and passes through the adjusting wheel 103 and the fixed wheel 102 in sequence. In this embodiment, the U-shaped arrangement of the flexible hose 200 matches well with the adjusting wheel 103 and the fixed wheel 102 of the peristaltic pump, and can be effectively squeezed to achieve unidirectional flow control of gas. At the same time, as a flexible pipe, it can adapt to the movement of the internal structure of the peristaltic pump and the needs of gas delivery. A driver 1011 is provided on the rear surface of the pump housing 100, and the driving end of the driver 1011 passes through the pump housing 100 and is connected to the center of the wheel frame 101. In this embodiment, the pump housing 100 is the external structure of the entire peristaltic pump, serving to protect internal components and provide an installation base. The fixed wheel 102 is mounted on the wheel frame 101 via a rotating shaft and works in conjunction with the adjusting wheel 103. Together, they compress the hose 200. The adjusting wheel 103 can move linearly on the wheel frame 101, adjusting the degree of compression on the hose 200 by changing its relative position to the fixed wheel 102, thereby controlling the gas flow rate. The wheel frame 101 carries the fixed wheel 102 and the adjusting wheel 103 and rotates under the drive of the driver 1011. The driver 1011 is mounted on the rear surface of the pump housing 100, and its drive end penetrates... The pump housing 100 is connected to the center of the wheel frame 101, providing power for the rotation of the wheel frame 101. Furthermore, by adjusting the linear movement of the wheel 103 on the wheel frame 101, the degree of compression on the hose 200 can be flexibly changed, thereby precisely controlling the gas flow rate to meet the inflation or deflation needs of the airbag 2011 under different conditions. Simultaneously, this structure is simple, reliable, and easy to maintain and operate. To facilitate communication between devices, this embodiment connects an output pipe 201 to one end of the hose 200, and the end of the output pipe 201 is connected to the airbag 2011. The output pipe 201 delivers the gas from the hose 200 to the airbag 2011. The channel 11 is also the channel for the gas inside the airbag 2011 to flow back to the hose 200. The other end of the hose 200 is connected to the connecting pipe 202, and the end of the connecting pipe 202 is connected to the gas storage tower 300. The connecting pipe 202 is the channel for the gas to flow between the hose 200 and the gas storage tower 300, realizing the connection between the gas storage tower 300 and the peristaltic pump. The gas storage tower 300 stores the gas used to inflate the airbag 2011 and receives the gas extracted from the airbag 2011, playing the role of gas storage and recycling, ensuring that the entire system has sufficient gas supply and maintaining the gas circulation.

[0035] In summary, when the driver 1011 rotates clockwise, it drives the wheel frame 101 to rotate, causing the adjusting wheel 103 and the fixed wheel 102 to compress the U-shaped hose 200 that passes through them. During the compression process, a pressure difference is generated inside the hose 200. Under the action of the pressure difference, the gas in the gas storage tower 300 enters the hose 200 through the connecting pipe 202, and is then transported by the hose 200 to the output pipe 201, finally inflating the airbag 2011. Conversely, when the driver 1011 rotates counterclockwise, the wheel frame 101 rotates in the opposite direction, and the compression direction of the adjusting wheel 103 and the fixed wheel 102 on the hose 200 changes. Under the action of the pressure difference, the gas in the airbag 2011 is extracted and flows back into the connecting pipe 202 through the output pipe 201 and the hose 200.

[0036] exist Figure 9 and Figure 10In the peristaltic pump, the wheel frame 101 consists of two symmetrical rhomboid pieces. The rhomboid structure helps to disperse the force, making the entire wheel frame 101 more stable during rotation. The two rhomboid pieces together support the fixed wheel 102, the adjusting wheel 103, and related connecting parts, providing an installation position and support structure to ensure that all components of the peristaltic pump work together. Driven by the driver 1011, the wheel frame 101 rotates around its central axis, driving the fixed wheel 102 and the adjusting wheel 103 mounted on it to rotate synchronously, thereby squeezing the hose 200 and controlling the flow of gas in the hose. The inner surface of the lower rhomboid piece is located on the adjusting wheel 103. A limiting ring 1033 is provided at the mounting point of the truss wheel 103. Located on the inner surface of the lower rhomboid plate at the mounting point of the adjusting wheel 103, it accommodates the coupling 1031 and limits the movement of the coupling 1031 and the adjusting wheel 103 fitted onto it. It restricts the movement of the adjusting wheel 103 in the direction perpendicular to the coupling 1031, ensuring that the adjusting wheel 103 can only move along the axial direction of the coupling 1031, i.e., a specific linear direction on the wheel frame 101. The limiting ring 1033 precisely defines the movement trajectory of the adjusting wheel 103, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the linear movement of the adjusting wheel 103. This precise limiting design... This design helps improve the precision of the peristaltic pump's control over the compression degree of the hose 200, thereby enabling more accurate control of the gas flow rate. A waist hole is provided at the mounting location of the upper diamond-shaped plate and the adjusting wheel 103, providing a insertion position for one end of the connecting shaft 1031. This allows the connecting shaft 1031 to be supported on the upper diamond-shaped plate. Furthermore, in conjunction with the limiting waist ring 1033, it further limits the movement direction of the connecting shaft 1031 and the adjusting wheel 103, ensuring smooth linear movement of the adjusting wheel 103. The shape of the waist hole corresponds to the limiting waist ring 1033; together, they provide support for the connecting shaft 1031. It provides reliable support and allows the coupling 1031 to move in a specific direction, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the movement of the adjusting wheel 103. It also facilitates the installation and disassembly of the coupling 1031. The limiting waist ring 1033 has the coupling 1031 built in it. The adjusting wheel 103 is sleeved on the coupling 1031 and the fixed wheel 102 on the same horizontal plane. One end of the coupling 1031 is inserted into the waist hole and fixedly sleeved with a bearing. The surface of the upper diamond-shaped plate is provided with a cylinder 1032. The output shaft of the cylinder 1032 is welded to the bearing. The adjusting wheel 103 pushes and pulls the coupling 1031 through the cylinder 1032 to achieve linear movement on the wheel frame 101.

[0037] exist Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the process, a directional valve 203 is connected to the end of the connecting pipe 202. As the core component for gas flow direction control, the directional valve 203 is connected to a first branch pipe 2021 and a second branch pipe 2022, and the ends of both the first branch pipe 2021 and the second branch pipe 2022 are connected to the gas storage tower 300. Figure 6In this configuration, the ports of connecting pipe 202, the first branch pipe 2021, and the second branch pipe 2022 are arranged in a circular pattern on the directional valve 203. The directional valve 203 has a built-in rotating baffle 2031. The rotation of the baffle 2031 within the directional valve 203 adjusts the gas flow path. A groove is provided at the end of the baffle 2031, and a sealing strip 2032 is installed within the groove. In this embodiment, the sealing strip 2032 fills the gap between the baffle 2031 and the inner wall of the directional valve 203, preventing gas leakage and ensuring that the gas flows along a predetermined path. This improves the accuracy of gas flow control and the system's sealing performance. The directional valve 2021 has a rotatable baffle 2031 inside. The rotation of the baffle 2031 changes the gas flow path, enabling switching between different pipes and ensuring that the gas flows in a predetermined direction, meeting the different needs of inflating and deflating the airbag 2011. The design of 03 makes the control of gas flow direction more flexible and precise. It can quickly and effectively switch the gas flow direction, ensuring the efficient operation of the system during inflation and deflation, and improving the stability and reliability of the entire water quality detection device. When it is necessary to inflate the air bladder 2011, the position of the adjusting baffle 2031 is rotated to connect the first branch pipe 2021 with the connecting pipe 202. The gas in the gas storage tower 300 enters the hose 200 through the first branch pipe 2021, the directional valve 203, and the connecting pipe 202 in sequence, and finally enters the air bladder 2011 under the drive of the peristaltic pump. When it is necessary to deflate the air bladder 2011, the baffle 2031 is rotated to change its position, connecting the connecting pipe 202 with the second branch pipe 2022. The gas in the air bladder 2011 enters the second branch pipe 2022 through the hose 200, the connecting pipe 202, and the directional valve 203 under the drive of the peristaltic pump, and finally returns to the gas storage tower 300.

[0038] Furthermore, in Figure 4 In this embodiment, a large gear 2035 is provided on the rear surface of the directional valve 203, and the large gear 2035 is connected to the center of the baffle 2031 via a shaft. An end cover 2036 is provided on the front surface of the directional valve 203, and a connecting plate extends out from one side of the end cover 2036. A motor 2033 is mounted on the connecting plate, and a drive gear 2034 is fixedly sleeved on the drive end of the motor 2033, and the drive gear 2034 meshes with the large gear 2035. In this embodiment, the motor 2033 is driven by the transmission of the drive gear 2034 and the large gear 2035. When in use, the baffle 2031 rotates around its central axis within the directional valve 203. When the baffle 2031 rotates to different positions, the connection between different ports within the directional valve 203 changes, thereby adjusting the gas flow direction. During the filling process, gas flows out from the upper cavity of the gas storage tower 300 through the first branch pipe 2021; during the evacuation process, gas flows into the lower cavity of the gas storage tower 300 from the second branch pipe 2022. The disc effectively separates gases flowing in different directions, ensuring the normal operation of gas circulation.

[0039] The gas storage tower 300 has an internal disc that divides its interior into upper and lower sections. The first branch pipe 2021 and the second branch pipe 2022 are connected to the two cavities respectively. The two cavities are connected to a connecting pipe 301 on their sides. The connecting pipe 301 is equipped with a one-way valve. The two cavities help to manage and store the gas during the filling and evacuation processes separately, avoiding mutual interference between the gas and the gas during filling and evacuation, and improving the efficiency and stability of gas circulation. Furthermore, the cooperation between the connecting pipe 301 and the one-way valve optimizes the gas pressure balance mechanism within the gas storage tower 300, improving the efficiency and stability of gas circulation, avoiding problems such as poor gas flow or backflow caused by gas pressure imbalance, and ensuring the normal operation of the entire water quality testing device.

[0040] Based on the sampling mechanism in the aforementioned water quality testing device, this application provides a method for testing the water quality of PFAS wastewater treated by iron-based energy storage materials, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step 1, Water Sample Collection: Using the sampling module in the water quality testing device described in claim 1, samples are taken at different liquid depths. A specially designed sampling device is used to obtain water samples at different depths. This sampling device consists of a sampling tube, an air bladder, an inflation device, and connecting components. The sampling tube has a hollow structure, with a closed lower end fixedly connected to the mounting bracket of the air bladder 2011, and an open upper end with a water intake hole equipped with a filter screen on the tube wall. An electrically controlled valve, controlled by a controller, is located at the water intake hole. The air bladder surrounds the outside of the sampling tube and is connected to the inflation device via the connecting components. The inflation device controls the inflation volume of the air bladder to change the depth of the sampling tube in the water. After the sampling tube is lowered to the target depth, a water sample is collected in a sample container. When the air bladder 2011 lowers the sampling tube to the target depth, the valve is opened remotely via the controller. After the water sample fills the tube, the valve is closed, thus obtaining the water sample at that depth. It is worth noting that the inflation volume of the air bladder is adjusted multiple times according to the testing requirements to obtain at least two water samples at different depths and store them separately.

[0042] Step 2, Pretreatment: Add an appropriate amount of hydrochloric acid to the collected water sample, adjust the pH value to 2.5, stir thoroughly, and filter the acidified water sample through a pretreated 0.45μm filter membrane into a clean sample bottle. Repeat the same pretreatment operation to treat water samples at other depths. The acid added is hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.

[0043] Step 3, Instrumental Analysis: The pretreated water sample was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Specific chromatographic column, mobile phase, and mass spectrometry detection mode were set. The specific operation procedure was as follows: the pretreated water sample was sequentially injected into the HPLC-MS instrument at a column temperature of 35℃. Mobile phase A was an aqueous solution containing 0.1% formic acid, and mobile phase B was an acetonitrile solution containing 0.1% formic acid, with gradient elution. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed using an electrospray ionization (ESI) source in negative ion mode. Corresponding SRM ion pairs and collision energies were set for different PFAS and related substances for qualitative and quantitative analysis.

[0044] Step 4, Data Analysis: Based on the instrumental analysis data, establish a distribution model of PFAS and related substances in water samples at different depths, analyze the concentration variation law, and use gradient elution for the mobile phase A of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which is an aqueous solution containing 0.1% formic acid and the mobile phase B which is an acetonitrile solution containing 0.1% formic acid. Mass spectrometry analysis uses an electrospray ionization source in negative ion mode and selects reaction monitoring mode for qualitative and quantitative analysis of PFAS and related substances. The specific operation procedure is as follows: import the data obtained from instrumental analysis into the data analysis software, plot the concentration-depth curve with the water sample depth as the abscissa and the concentration of PFAS and related substances as the ordinate, establish a distribution model of PFAS and related substances in water samples at different depths, analyze the distribution characteristics and variation law of PFAS and related substances in the treated wastewater at different depths, and evaluate the difference in the treatment effect of iron-based energy storage materials on PFAS wastewater at different depths.

[0045] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims submitted herein.

Claims

1. A water quality testing device for PFAS wastewater treated with iron-based energy storage materials, comprising a peristaltic pump, wherein the output end of the peristaltic pump is connected to an air bladder (2011), and a sampling tube is connected to the air bladder (2011). The sampling tube floats and sinks in the sampling liquid by the inflation and deflation of gas in the air bladder (2011), thereby achieving the purpose of sampling at different liquid depths. The device is characterized by: The peristaltic pump consists of a pump housing (100), a wheel frame (101), an adjusting wheel (103), and a fixed wheel (102). The fixed wheel (102) is mounted on the wheel frame (101) via a rotating shaft. The adjusting wheel (103) can move linearly on the wheel frame (101). The pump housing (100) is also equipped with a flexible hose (200). The flexible hose (200) is U-shaped in the pump housing (100) and passes through the adjusting wheel (103) and the fixed wheel (102) in sequence. The pump housing (100) has a driver (1011) on its rear surface. The driving end of the driver (1011) passes through the pump housing (100) and connects to the center of the wheel frame (101). One end of the flexible hose (200) is connected to the output pipe (201). The output pipe (201) is connected to the airbag (2011) at one end, and the other end of the hose (200) is connected to the connecting pipe (202). The end of the connecting pipe (202) is connected to the gas storage tower (300). The driver (1011) rotates clockwise, and the driver (1011) drives the wheel frame (101) to rotate, causing the adjusting wheel (103) and the fixed wheel (102) to squeeze the hose (200), causing the gas in the gas storage tower (300) to enter the hose (200) through the connecting pipe (202), and then be transported by the hose (200) to the output pipe (201) to inflate the airbag (2011). Conversely, the driver (1011) rotates counterclockwise to extract the gas from the airbag (2011).

2. The water quality detection device for PFAS wastewater treated by iron-based energy storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel frame (101) is composed of two symmetrical rhomboid pieces. The inner surface of the lower rhomboid piece and the mounting position of the adjusting wheel (103) are provided with a limiting waist ring (1033). The upper rhomboid piece is provided with a waist hole at the mounting position of the adjusting wheel (103). The limiting waist ring (1033) has a connecting shaft (1031) inside. The adjusting wheel (103) is sleeved on the connecting shaft (1031) and the fixed wheel (102) are on the same horizontal plane. One end of the connecting shaft (1031) is inserted into the waist hole and fixedly sleeved with a bearing. The surface of the upper rhomboid piece is provided with a cylinder (1032). The output shaft of the cylinder (1032) is welded to the bearing. The adjusting wheel (103) pushes and pulls the connecting shaft (1031) through the cylinder (1032) to achieve linear movement on the wheel frame (101).

3. The water quality detection device for PFAS wastewater treatment using iron-based energy storage materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the connecting pipe (202) is connected to a directional valve (203). The directional valve (203) is connected to a first branch pipe (2021) and a second branch pipe (2022). The ends of the first branch pipe (2021) and the second branch pipe (2022) are connected to the gas storage tower (300). The gas in the gas storage tower (300) enters the directional valve (203) through the first branch pipe (2021) and is then transported to the connecting pipe (202) until it reaches the hose (200) and is driven by the peristaltic pump to enter the air bag (2011). Conversely, the gas in the air bag (2011) is driven by the peristaltic pump to be drawn into the hose (200). Under the subsequent gas push, it flows through the connecting pipe (202) to the directional valve (203) and is then transported into the second branch pipe (2022), and finally recovered in the gas storage tower (300).

4. The water quality detection device for PFAS wastewater treatment using iron-based energy storage materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ports of the connecting pipe (202), the first branch pipe (2021), and the second branch pipe (2022) are arranged in a circular pattern on the directional valve (203). The directional valve (203) has a built-in rotating baffle (2031). The gas flow path is adjusted by rotating the baffle (2031) inside the directional valve (203). The end of the baffle (2031) is provided with a groove, and a sealing strip (2032) is provided in the groove.

5. The water quality detection device for PFAS wastewater treatment using iron-based energy storage materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear surface of the directional valve (203) is provided with a large gear (2035), and the large gear (2035) is connected to the center of the baffle (2031) through a shaft. The front surface of the directional valve (203) is provided with an end cover (2036), and a connecting plate extends out from one side of the end cover (2036). A motor (2033) is installed on the connecting plate. A drive gear (2034) is fixedly sleeved on the drive end of the motor (2033), and the drive gear (2034) meshes with the large gear (2035).

6. The water quality detection device for PFAS wastewater treatment using iron-based energy storage materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas storage tower (300) has a built-in disc that divides the inner cavity of the gas storage tower (300) into upper and lower parts. Its first branch pipe (2021) and second branch pipe (2022) are respectively connected to the two cavities. The two cavities are connected to a connecting pipe (301) on their sides. A one-way valve is provided on the connecting pipe (301).

7. A method for detecting the water quality of PFAS wastewater treated by iron-based energy storage materials, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, water sample collection: Use the sampling module in the water quality testing device described in claim 1 to collect samples at different liquid levels; Step 2, Pretreatment: Add acid to the collected water sample to adjust the pH value to 2-3, and then filter it through a 0.45μm filter membrane; Step 3, Instrumental Analysis: The pretreated water sample was analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) system, with specific chromatographic column, mobile phase, and mass spectrometry detection mode set. Step 4, Data Analysis: Based on the instrument analysis data, establish a distribution model of PFAS and related substances in water samples from different depths, and analyze the concentration variation patterns.

8. The method for detecting the water quality of PFAS wastewater treated by the iron-based energy storage material according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the water sample collection in step 1, the inflation volume of the airbag is adjusted multiple times according to the detection requirements to obtain at least two water samples at different depths and store them separately.

9. The method for detecting the water quality of PFAS wastewater treated by the iron-based energy storage material according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the pretreatment of step 2, the acid added is hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.

10. The method for detecting the water quality of PFAS wastewater treated by the iron-based energy storage material according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the instrumental analysis of step 3, the mobile phase A of the high-performance liquid chromatography is an aqueous solution containing 0.1% formic acid, and the mobile phase B is an acetonitrile solution containing 0.1% formic acid, using gradient elution; the mass spectrometry analysis uses an electrospray ionization source, negative ion mode detection, and selects reaction monitoring mode to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of PFAS and related substances.

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