Device for measuring magnetic field generated by chemical coupling explosion of electrical explosion and energetic material

Abstract

The invention provides a device for measuring a magnetic field generated by electric explosion and energetic material chemical coupling explosion, which comprises an explosion cavity, a three-electrode gas switch is arranged in the explosion cavity, the three-electrode gas switch is connected with a high-voltage electrode, the high-voltage electrode is connected with an energetic material through a first fine metal wire, and a second fine metal wire is arranged in the explosion cavity. The three-electrode gas switch is connected with the high-voltage electrode through the first metal conductor, the high-voltage electrode is connected with the energetic material through the first fine metal wire, the energetic material is connected with the ground electrode through the second fine metal wire, the ground electrode is connected to the explosion cavity through the third fine metal wire, and the explosion cavity subjected to grounding processing is electrically connected with the oscilloscope. The oscilloscope is located outside the explosion cavity, the three-electrode gas switch is further connected with the pulse capacitor through the second metal conductor, and the pulse capacitor is also located outside the explosion cavity. According to the invention, the magnetic induction intensity parameter distribution generated in the chemical coupling explosion process of the electrical explosion and the energetic material can be accurately obtained, so that the ionization characteristics and rules of the chemical coupling explosion of the electrical explosion and the energetic material can be deeply explored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of explosion and damage technology, and relates to magnetic field diagnosis in explosion effect tests, specifically to a magnetic field measuring device generated by an electrical explosion and a chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials. Background Technology

[0002] The magnetic field generated by an explosion is of great significance for the performance evaluation of energetic materials, the study of combustion-detonation processes, the propagation law of detonation waves in complex detonation devices, and the study of the output performance of microscale explosives. Therefore, in order to deepen the understanding of the chemical coupling explosion process of electric explosions and energetic materials, and to improve the output performance of explosives, the measurement of the magnetic field generated by electric explosions and energetic materials chemical coupling explosions is essential.

[0003] To address the need for performance testing of metal wire electro-explosion coupled with micro-powder energetic materials, research is urgently needed on magnetic field diagnostic technology for micro-powder explosions. Breakthroughs are needed in key technologies for diagnosing magnetic fields generated by electro-explosions and chemically coupled explosions of energetic materials, and ultimately, a magnetic field measurement device for electro-explosions and chemically coupled explosions of energetic materials should be established.

[0004] During the electrical explosion and the chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials, the generated magnetic field signal is a transient signal. Existing measurement methods are usually limited by structure and frequency, making it difficult to accurately diagnose it and resulting in poor applicability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a magnetic field measuring device for electric explosions and chemically coupled explosions of energetic materials, thereby solving the technical problem that existing technologies cannot accurately diagnose the magnetic field generated in scenarios involving electric explosions and chemically coupled explosions of energetic materials.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A magnetic field measuring device for an electrical explosion and a chemically coupled explosion of an energetic material includes an explosion cavity. A three-electrode gas switch is installed inside the explosion cavity. The three-electrode gas switch is connected to a high-voltage electrode through a first metal conductor. The high-voltage electrode is connected to the energetic material through a first thin metal wire. The energetic material is connected to a ground electrode through a second thin metal wire. The ground electrode is connected to the explosion cavity through a third thin metal wire. The explosion cavity is grounded. The grounded explosion cavity is electrically connected to an oscilloscope located outside the explosion cavity. The three-electrode gas switch is also connected to a pulse capacitor through a second metal conductor. The pulse capacitor is also located outside the explosion cavity.

[0007] It also includes a trigger, which is connected to a three-electrode gas switch via a first coaxial cable.

[0008] It also includes a high-voltage pulse power supply, which is connected to a second metal conductor via a second coaxial cable.

[0009] It also includes a high-voltage probe, one end of which is electrically connected to the first metal conductor, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the oscilloscope.

[0010] It also includes a Rogowski coil, which is mounted on the first metal conductor and is electrically connected to the oscilloscope.

[0011] It also includes a three-dimensional disc coil, which is located inside the explosion cavity and is electrically connected to an oscilloscope.

[0012] The present invention also has the following technical features: The high-voltage probe can measure 45kV high-voltage pulse voltage signals, and the attenuation ratio of the high-voltage probe can reach 1000 times. The bandwidth compensation range of the high-voltage probe is not less than 6pF.

[0013] The high-voltage probe uses silicone resin as the dielectric and has a bandwidth of 65MHz.

[0014] The first, second, and third fine metal wires are all made of tungsten, gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, or nickel.

[0015] The first and second metal conductors are made of stainless steel.

[0016] The energetic material is TNT, RDX, HMX, CL-20 or TKX-50 explosive.

[0017] The energetic material, the first fine metal wire, and the second fine metal wire are coupled through series, parallel, or Z-shaped connections.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: (I) The magnetic field measuring device proposed in this invention, which generates an electric explosion and a chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials, can accurately obtain the distribution of magnetic induction intensity parameters generated during the electric explosion and the chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials, and further explore the ionization characteristics and laws of the electric explosion and the chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetic field measuring device generated by an electrical explosion and a chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a physical image of a spherical three-dimensional skeleton.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram for testing a three-dimensional disc coil.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit for a three-dimensional disc coil test.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a physical image of the explosion cavity.

[0024] Figure 6(a) shows the low-frequency calibration results of the inner coil.

[0025] Figure 6(b) shows the high-frequency calibration results of the inner coil.

[0026] Figure 7(a) shows the low-frequency calibration results of the outer coil.

[0027] Figure 7(b) shows the high-frequency calibration results of the outer coil.

[0028] Figure 8(a) shows the low-frequency calibration results of the middle layer coil.

[0029] Figure 8(b) shows the high-frequency calibration results of the middle layer coil.

[0030] Figure 9 The change in magnetic induction intensity over time, measured by a three-dimensional disk coil, is the result of an electrical explosion and a chemically coupled explosion of an energetic material.

[0031] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1-Explosion cavity, 2-Three-electrode gas switch, 3-First metal conductor, 4-High voltage electrode, 5-First thin metal wire, 6-Energetic material, 7-Second thin metal wire, 8-Ground electrode, 9-Third thin metal wire, 10-Oscilloscope, 11-Second metal conductor, 12-Pulse capacitor, 13-Flipper, 14-First coaxial cable, 15-High voltage pulse power supply, 16-Second coaxial cable, 17-High voltage probe, 18-Rogowski coil, 19-Three-dimensional disc coil. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the equipment and materials used in this invention are all those known in the prior art.

[0033] When the metal wire-energetic material load in this invention is detonated, the electromagnetic signal generated will change the magnetic flux through the three-dimensional disc coil when it passes through the three-dimensional disc coil, thereby generating an induced electromotive force in the closed circuit. After subsequent analysis and calculation, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the explosion can be obtained.

[0034] Following the above technical solutions, specific embodiments of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and all equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1: This embodiment provides a device for measuring the magnetic field generated by an electrical explosion and a chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes an explosion chamber 1, inside which a three-electrode gas switch 2 is installed. The three-electrode gas switch 2 is connected to a high-voltage electrode 4 via a first metal conductor 3. The high-voltage electrode 4 is connected to an energetic material 6 via a first thin metal wire 5. The energetic material 6 is connected to a ground electrode 8 via a second thin metal wire 7. The ground electrode 8 is connected to the explosion chamber 1 via a third thin metal wire 9. The explosion chamber 1 is grounded. The grounded explosion chamber 1 is electrically connected to an oscilloscope 10 located outside the explosion chamber 1. The three-electrode gas switch 2 is also connected to a pulse capacitor 12 via a second metal conductor 11. The pulse capacitor 1 is also located outside the explosion chamber 1.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a trigger 13, which is connected to the three-electrode gas switch 2 via a first coaxial cable 14.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a high-voltage pulse power supply 15, which is connected to the second metal conductor 11 via a second coaxial cable 16.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a high-voltage probe 17, one end of which is electrically connected to the first metal conductor 3, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the oscilloscope 10.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a Rogowski coil 18, which is mounted on the first metal conductor 3 and is electrically connected to the oscilloscope 10.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a three-dimensional disc coil 19, which is located inside the explosion cavity 1 and is electrically connected to the oscilloscope 10.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the high-voltage probe 17 can measure a 45kV high-voltage pulse voltage signal, the attenuation factor of the high-voltage probe 17 can reach 1000 times, and the bandwidth compensation range of the high-voltage probe 17 is not less than 6pF.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the high-voltage probe 17 uses silicone resin as the dielectric and has a bandwidth of 65MHz.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the first fine metal wire 5, the second fine metal wire 7, and the third fine metal wire 9 are all made of tungsten, gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum, or nickel.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the first metal conductor 3 and the second metal conductor 11 are made of stainless steel.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the energetic material 6 is TNT, RDX, HMX, CL-20, or TKX-50 explosive. In this embodiment, TNT is a known 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene explosive; RDX is a known RDX explosive; HMX is a known octogen explosive; CL-20 is a known hexanitrohexaazaisowulzane explosive; and TKX-50 is a known novel high-energy ionic salt explosive containing 5,5'-bitetrazole-1,1'-dioxohydroxyammonium salt.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the energetic material 6, the first fine metal wire 5, and the second fine metal wire 7 are coupled in series, parallel, or Z-shaped connection.

[0047] In this embodiment, the energetic material 6, the first fine metal wire 5, and the second fine metal wire 7 form a metal wire-energized material load.

[0048] In this preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional disc coil 19 is made by winding copper coils around a spherical three-dimensional skeleton, as shown in the three-dimensional structural diagram of the spherical three-dimensional skeleton. Figure 2 As shown, the spherical three-dimensional skeleton has four vertical skeletons, two horizontal skeletons and one longitudinal skeleton. The vertical skeletons, horizontal skeletons and longitudinal skeletons are perpendicular to each other. The characteristic dimensions of the vertical skeleton of the spherical three-dimensional skeleton are φ57mm×35mm, the characteristic dimensions of the horizontal skeleton of the spherical three-dimensional skeleton are φ32mm×30mm, and the characteristic dimensions of the longitudinal skeleton of the spherical three-dimensional skeleton are φ14mm×24mm.

[0049] In this embodiment, preferably, the copper coils wound on the spherical three-dimensional skeleton all have a wire diameter of 0.3mm and an impedance of 10KΩ. The number of turns of the copper coils wound on the vertical skeleton is 1521, the number of turns of the copper coils wound on the horizontal skeleton is 4500, and the number of turns of the copper coils wound on the longitudinal skeleton is 1840.

[0050] In this embodiment, the copper coil wound on the vertical frame is preferably the outer layer coil, the copper coil wound on the horizontal frame is the middle layer coil, and the copper coil wound on the vertical frame is the inner layer coil.

[0051] In this embodiment, the preferred embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the explosion cavity 1 is provided with six flanges on the outside. The six flanges are evenly distributed. The three-dimensional disc coil 19 is electrically connected to the oscilloscope 10 through one of the flanges, serving as a window for magnetic field measurement.

[0052] In this preferred embodiment, the pulse capacitor 12 has an operating voltage of 0-45kV, a pulse current of 0-27kA, a total power of 27kVA, an energy storage capacity of 5kJ, a charging repeatability accuracy of ≤±4‰, and an energy transmission efficiency of ≥75%.

[0053] In this embodiment, the three-electrode gas switch 2 is a trigger switch. Before charging, nitrogen gas at a pressure of 0.4 MPa is pre-filled into the explosion chamber 1 to prevent self-breakdown of the circuit during charging. After charging is completed, the three-electrode gas switch 2 is triggered by releasing the gas, thus closing the circuit and applying a pulse current with a rise time on the order of hundreds of nanoseconds to the metal wire-energetic material load. By connecting the three-electrode gas switch 2 and the pulse capacitor 12 in series and integrating them into a single design, the circuit inductance is effectively reduced.

[0054] In this embodiment, the method for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electrical explosion and the chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials includes the following steps: Step 1: Install a magnetic field measuring device for the electrical explosion and the chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials; Step two involves calibrating the copper coils (outer coil, middle coil, and inner coil) wound on a spherical three-dimensional skeleton at both low and high frequencies. Figures 6(a) to 8(b) show the calibration results for the inner, outer, and middle coils, respectively. Based on the calibration results obtained in Figures 6(a) to 8(b), subsequent detonation tests are conducted.

[0055] In this embodiment, the low-frequency calibration range is 100Hz to 960Hz, and the high-frequency calibration range is 10kHz to 2MHz.

[0056] Step 3: Check if all lines are operating normally. If there are no abnormalities, proceed with the detonation operation.

[0057] The testing principle in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, when the electromagnetic signal generated by the movement of a charged substance passes through the three-dimensional disk coil 19, it will cause a change in the magnetic flux passing through the three-dimensional disk coil 19, thereby generating an induced electromotive force in the closed circuit. The maximum magnetic flux density at any point is... The calculation is as follows: First, according to the formula The induced electromotive force of the three-dimensional disk coil 19 was calculated. in: The induced electromotive force of the three-dimensional disc coil is expressed in V. This refers to the number of turns of a three-dimensional disc coil; The area of ​​the three-dimensional disk coil is expressed in meters.2 ; The magnetic flux density of the three-dimensional disc coil is expressed in tons (T). Time, in seconds; In this embodiment, due to the complex plasma phase transition phenomenon during the electro-explosion and chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials, the generated signal is often a nonlinear and unsteady-state signal. For this type of signal, a common analysis method is time-frequency analysis of the experimentally obtained time-domain signal. This is derived from the equivalent circuit (…). Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the three-dimensional disc coil 19 has its own resistance. With external resistor (External resistor) For use in test circuits to calculate induced electromotive force Compared to the resistance of the magnetic field, which is very small, for any decomposed magnetic field signal, the following relationship can be established:

[0058] in: This is the induced electromotive force after applying an external resistor, expressed in V. This refers to the external resistance, measured in Ω. It is the symbol for imaginary numbers; The angular frequency of the decomposed signal, expressed in rad / s; The inductance of a three-dimensional disc coil is expressed in ohms (H). For decomposing signal tags; The last decomposed signal is marked; Suppose that the magnetic field strength at any point can be expressed as follows:

[0059] in: Let be the magnetic flux density at any point, expressed in tons (T). The maximum magnetic flux density at any point is expressed in tons (T). Combining the above three equations, we get

[0060] In this embodiment, the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) is used to preprocess the voltage signals in the three directions of the three-dimensional disk coil 19. Based on the characteristics of the original signals of each layer of the outer, middle and inner coils, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is performed to decompose any complex signal into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs).

[0061] In this embodiment, the IMFs signal undergoes a Hilbert transform, which, simply put, involves multiplying the positive frequency components by -j, meaning shifting the phase by -π / 2 while keeping the amplitude constant. For the negative frequency components, multiplying by j (shifting by π / 2) yields the corresponding analytic signal. The real part of this signal is the original signal, and the imaginary part is the signal after the Hilbert transform. The derivative of the instantaneous phase of the analytic signal represents the instantaneous frequency, and the magnitude of the analytic signal represents the signal amplitude.

[0062] Based on the relationship between voltage, frequency, and magnetic flux density obtained from calibration, the maximum magnetic flux density at any given time can be obtained by superimposing the magnetic flux densities corresponding to all frequencies at a certain point in time. If uncalibrated frequencies appear in the experiment, the maximum magnetic flux density is determined by interpolation and fitting of the calibrated data.

[0063] Finally, using the previous equation, the maximum magnetic induction intensity at any point in space is... Over time The pattern of change can be expressed as: ,in, For any point in The magnetic flux density in the direction of magnetic flux density, measured in tons (T). For any point in The magnetic flux density in the direction of magnetic flux density, measured in tons (T). For any point in The magnetic flux density in the direction, measured in tons (T); such as Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is a typical curve showing the change in magnetic induction intensity over time caused by an electrical explosion and a chemically coupled explosion of energetic materials, as measured by a three-dimensional disk coil.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electroexplosion chemically coupled with the explosion of an energetic material, comprising an explosion chamber (1), characterized in that, The three-electrode gas switch (2) is arranged in the explosion cavity (1), the three-electrode gas switch (2) is connected with the high-voltage electrode (4) through the first metal conductor (3), the high-voltage electrode (4) is connected with the energetic material (6) through the first thin metal wire (5), the energetic material (6) is connected with the ground electrode (8) through the second thin metal wire (7), the ground electrode (8) is connected to the explosion cavity (1) through the third thin metal wire (9), and the explosion cavity (1) is grounded. The explosion cavity (1) is electrically connected with the oscilloscope (10), the oscilloscope (10) is located outside the explosion cavity (1), the three-electrode gas switch (2) is also connected with the pulse capacitor (12) through the second metal conductor (11), and the pulse capacitor (12) is also located outside the explosion cavity (1). The trigger (13) is connected with the three-electrode gas switch (2) through the first coaxial cable (14). The high-voltage pulse power supply (15) is connected with the second metal conductor (11) through the second coaxial cable (16). One end of the high-voltage probe (17) is electrically connected with the first metal conductor (3), and the other end of the high-voltage probe (17) is electrically connected with the oscilloscope (10). The Rogowski coil (18) is sleeved on the first metal conductor (3), and the Rogowski coil (18) is electrically connected with the oscilloscope (10). The three-dimensional disc type coil (19) is located in the explosion cavity (1), and the three-dimensional disc type coil (19) is electrically connected with the oscilloscope (10).

2. The device for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electroexplosive and chemically coupled energetic material explosion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-voltage probe (17) can measure a 45kV high-voltage pulse voltage signal, the attenuation ratio of the high-voltage probe (17) can reach 1000 times, and the bandwidth compensation range of the high-voltage probe (17) is not less than 6pF.

3. The device for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electroexplosive and chemically coupled energetic material explosion of claim 1, wherein, The high-voltage probe (17) adopts silicon resin as a dielectric, and the bandwidth of the high-voltage probe (17) is 65MHz.

4. The device for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electroexplosive and chemically coupled energetic material explosion of claim 1, wherein, The first thin metal wire (5), the second thin metal wire (7) and the third thin metal wire (9) are made of tungsten, gold, silver, copper, iron, aluminum or nickel.

5. The device for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electroexplosive and chemically coupled energetic material explosion of claim 1, wherein, The first metal conductor (3) and the second metal conductor (11) are made of stainless steel.

6. The device for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electroexplosive and chemically coupled energetic material explosion of claim 1, wherein, The energetic material (6) is TNT, RDX, HMX, CL-20 or TKX-50 explosive.

7. The device for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electroexplosive and chemically coupled energetic material explosion of claim 1, wherein, The energetic material (6), the first thin metal wire (5) and the second thin metal wire (7) are coupled through a series connection, a parallel connection or a Z-type connection.

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