Data center tail end power distribution method and power distribution equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a data center terminal power distribution method and power distribution equipment, and relates to the technical field of data centers, and the method comprises the steps: installing an array cabinet above a data center cabinet according to the total power demand and layout planning of the data center cabinet; an output module and a monitoring module are configured in an array cabinet according to a single cabinet power demand and a loop number demand of a data center cabinet; collecting real-time data of the independent power distribution units through a monitoring module to construct a tail end power distribution state monitoring data set; judging the operation state of the independent power distribution unit based on the tail end power distribution state monitoring data set; and the output module is adjusted, increased, decreased or replaced based on the operation state of the independent power distribution unit. When the device is applied to data center power distribution construction, space can be saved, operation, maintenance, capacity expansion and transformation are facilitated, loss is reduced, and power supply safety and stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data center technology, and in particular to a data center terminal power distribution method and power distribution equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the advent of the AI ​​era, the demand for computing power in the large-scale data center market will continue to rise, and the power density of data center racks will also gradually increase. Intelligent busbars and rack-mounted power distribution units, as two mainstream data center terminal power distribution systems, are facing increasingly stringent requirements regarding operational reliability and space utilization.

[0003] In existing intelligent mini-busbar solutions, the plug-in box, starting box, and straight section are connected via connectors to achieve end-point power distribution. However, as server power gradually increases, the long-term reliability of intelligent mini-busbars becomes difficult to guarantee. Furthermore, the plug-in box is relatively heavy, making hot-swapping difficult and hindering expansion and upgrades. Existing rack-mount solutions require the rack-mount cabinet to be installed side-by-side with the server rack, occupying rack space. They also involve numerous cable connections, resulting in significant cable loss, and do not support online operation and maintenance, making future load modifications difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address one or more technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a data center terminal power distribution method, comprising: Step 1: Based on the total power requirements and layout plan of the data center cabinet, install a row head cabinet above the data center cabinet. The row head cabinet is equipped with a horizontal busbar assembly containing four copper busbars (A / B / C / N) and a PE busbar. The horizontal busbar assembly is connected to the mains power input terminal or the backup power supply terminal. Step 2: Based on the power requirements and circuit quantity requirements of the data center cabinet, configure the output module and monitoring module in the row head cabinet. The output module is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly to form an independent power distribution unit. The monitoring module is connected to the output module to monitor the independent power distribution unit. Step 3: Collect real-time data from independent power distribution units through the monitoring module to construct a terminal power distribution status monitoring dataset; Step 4: Determine the operating status of independent power distribution units based on the end-point power distribution status monitoring dataset; Step 5: Adjust, add, remove, or replace the output modules based on the operating status of the independent power distribution unit.

[0005] Optionally, the cabinet head unit is connected to the mains power inlet or the backup power supply via the starting box. Step 1 specifically includes the following steps: Step 11: Determine the required incoming line capacity and redundancy power supply factor of the data center based on the total power requirements of the data center cabinets, and determine the specifications of the starting box accordingly. Step 12: Based on the layout plan of the data center cabinets, determine the installation positions of the starting box and the row head cabinet, as well as the extension path of the horizontal busbar assembly, so that the horizontal busbar assembly and the copper busbar of the starting box form a hard connection. Step 13: After the power from the mains power input terminal or the backup power supply terminal is distributed through the starting box, the power distribution link is formed through the horizontal busbar assembly to cover the entire row of cabinets.

[0006] Optionally, the output module integrates a hot-swappable base and a miniature circuit breaker, and step 2 specifically includes the following steps: Step 21: Based on the power requirements of a single data center cabinet, determine the number of poles and rated parameters of the miniature circuit breaker integrated in the output module, as well as the current carrying capacity of the hot-swappable base. Step 22: Based on the number of circuits required by the data center cabinet and the phase distribution and current distribution of the A / B / C / N four-pole copper busbars, define the snap-fit ​​area in the cabinet head. The horizontal busbar assembly in the snap-fit ​​area is connected to a positioning reference plate that matches the hot-swap base. The positioning reference plate is provided with positioning reference holes, which are parallel to the horizontal busbar assembly. Step 23: Connect the output module to the horizontal busbar assembly through the power supply interface of the hot-swappable base and the positioning reference hole to realize the transmission of power from the horizontal busbar assembly to the output module, so as to form an independent power distribution unit. Step 24: Connect the monitoring module to the communication interface of the hot-swappable base communication module to monitor the independent power distribution unit.

[0007] Optionally, step 3 specifically includes the following steps: Step 31: Collect real-time status data of the hot-swappable base through the connection link between the monitoring module and the communication interface of the hot-swappable base. The real-time status data includes the locking status of the hot-swappable base, the contact resistance value of the contact point, and the base temperature value. At the same time, collect real-time operating data of the miniature circuit breaker through the connection link between the monitoring module and the communication interface of the miniature circuit breaker. The real-time operating data includes the on / off status of the miniature circuit breaker, the three-phase current value, the neutral current value, and the overcurrent protection trigger status. Step 32: Perform outlier removal, missing data completion, and timestamp unification on the collected real-time status data and real-time operation data to obtain a standardized subset of real-time data; Step 33: Based on the circuit number of the independent power distribution unit, classify and integrate the standardized real-time data subset, and associate it with the single cabinet power demand benchmark value corresponding to the independent power distribution unit to construct a terminal power distribution status monitoring dataset containing status data, operation data, and benchmark parameters.

[0008] Optionally, step 4 specifically includes the following steps: Step 41: Based on the end-of-line power distribution status monitoring dataset, perform contact deterioration trend calculation on the contact resistance value of the hot-swappable base to obtain the contact resistance deterioration index. Perform three-phase calculation on the three-phase current value of the miniature circuit breaker to obtain the three-phase current balance index. Incorporate the contact resistance deterioration index and the three-phase current balance index into the primary evaluation set of the operating status. Step 42: Based on the primary evaluation set of operating status, calculate the temperature rise rate of the hot-swappable base temperature value to obtain the base temperature rise rate index, and perform protection action frequency statistics on the overcurrent protection triggering state of the miniature circuit breaker to obtain the overcurrent action frequency index. Incorporate the base temperature rise rate index and the overcurrent action frequency index into the secondary evaluation set of operating status. Step 43: Based on the primary evaluation set and the secondary evaluation set of the operating status, perform weighted fusion calculation on the contact resistance deterioration index, three-phase current balance index, base temperature rise rate index and overcurrent operation frequency index to obtain the comprehensive operating status score. Step 44: Compare the comprehensive operating status score with the preset operating status level threshold range. If the comprehensive score is within the normal threshold range, the independent power distribution unit is determined to be in normal operating status. If it is within the warning threshold range, it is determined to be in warning operating status. If it is within the abnormal threshold range, it is determined to be in abnormal operating status.

[0009] Optionally, step 5 specifically includes the following steps: Step 51: When an independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an early warning operation state, extract the index data from the primary evaluation set and the secondary evaluation set of the operation state to determine the early warning cause: if the early warning cause is an abnormal three-phase current balance index, perform phase calibration adjustment on the hot-swappable base of the output module; if the early warning cause is an abnormal base temperature rise rate index, perform heat dissipation enhancement treatment on the hot-swappable base of the output module. Step 52: When the independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an abnormal operating state, and the contact resistance deterioration index and the overcurrent operation frequency index both exceed the preset repair threshold, the abnormal output module is pulled out while the horizontal busbar assembly is continuously powered. A spare output module with the same number of poles, rated parameters and current carrying capacity as the original output module is selected and reconnected to the horizontal busbar assembly through the positioning reference hole until the monitoring module reports that the hot-swappable base is in a normal locking state and the real-time operating data of the miniature circuit breaker returns to the normal range. Step 53: When the comprehensive operating status score of multiple independent power distribution units is continuously within the warning threshold range or abnormal threshold range, and the associated single cabinet power demand benchmark value deviates systematically from the actual load, an output module is added to the reserved card connection area of ​​the column head cabinet. The new output module is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly through a hot-swappable base to form a new independent power distribution unit. At the same time, the communication interface of the new output module is connected to the monitoring module.

[0010] Preferably, the hot-swappable base is provided with a slide rail mechanism for vertically sliding the power supply interface, and step 51 specifically includes: Step 511: When the warning cause is an abnormal three-phase current balance index, release the locking between the hot-swappable base and the horizontal busbar assembly, and remove the hot-swappable base from the horizontal busbar assembly. At this time, the miniature circuit breaker will simultaneously disconnect to cut off the output circuit. Step 512: Adjust the slide rail mechanism of the hot-swap base so that the power supply interface slides vertically along the slide rail mechanism to a position that matches the target phase; Step 513: Align the adjusted hot-swap base with the positioning reference hole corresponding to the target phase on the horizontal busbar assembly, and re-operate the snap-fit ​​operation until it is locked in place. Collect the three-phase current value of the miniature circuit breaker through the monitoring module and recalculate the three-phase current balance index. If the index returns to normal, the phase adjustment is completed. If it does not return to normal, repeat steps 511 to 512 until the phase adjustment meets the standard.

[0011] Preferably, step 52 specifically includes: Step 521: When an independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an abnormal operating state, and the contact resistance degradation index and the overcurrent operation frequency index both exceed the preset repair threshold, the output circuit of the independent power distribution unit is cut off. Step 522: Release the locking mechanism between the hot-swap base and the horizontal busbar assembly to remove the abnormal output module from the horizontal busbar assembly; Step 523: Select a spare output module with the same specifications as the original output module, adjust the power supply interface of its hot-swap base along the slide rail mechanism to the same position as the power supply interface of the original output module, align it with the positioning reference hole and push it into the snap-fit ​​area. The monitoring module collects the snap-fit ​​locking status and operation data of the new output module in real time. After confirming that the power transmission between the output module and the horizontal busbar assembly is normal, the hot-swap replacement operation of the output module is completed.

[0012] Preferably, each data center includes at least a first-row head unit and a second-row head unit to achieve redundant configuration. The first and last ends of the horizontal busbar assembly within each head unit are provided with expansion interfaces for connecting to the horizontal busbar assembly of another head unit. Step 53 specifically includes: Step 531: When the comprehensive score of the operating status of multiple independent power distribution units is continuously in the warning threshold range or abnormal threshold range, and the benchmark value of single cabinet power demand deviates systematically from the actual load, and the reserved card connection area of ​​the current row head cabinet is insufficient, determine the installation location of the new row head cabinet based on the data center cabinet layout plan. Step 532: During the expansion operation of the first row head cabinet, the second row head cabinet is used to supply power to the data center cabinet; during the expansion operation of the second row head cabinet, the first row head cabinet is used to supply power to the data center cabinet. Step 533: Connect the horizontal busbar component of the newly added row head cabinet to the horizontal busbar component of the row head cabinet to be expanded through the expansion interface. Configure the output module and monitoring module in the newly added row head cabinet to form a new independent power distribution unit. Connect the monitoring module of the newly added row head cabinet to the system's main monitoring link.

[0013] The present invention also provides a power distribution device: The power distribution equipment is used for power distribution at the data center terminal using the power distribution method, and the power distribution equipment includes: The starting box is used to connect to the mains power inlet or the backup power supply and to distribute the incoming power. The column head cabinet is equipped with a horizontal busbar assembly, which is rigidly connected to the copper busbar of the starting box to form a power distribution link covering the entire column of cabinets. The output module integrates a hot-swappable base and a miniature circuit breaker. The output module is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly via the hot-swappable base to form an independent power distribution unit. The miniature circuit breaker is used to control the connection and disconnection of the power supply circuit between the output module and the data center cabinet. The monitoring module is used to collect real-time data from the independent power distribution unit in order to determine the operating status of the independent power distribution unit.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: When applied to data center power distribution construction, this invention can save space, facilitate operation, maintenance and expansion, reduce losses, and improve power supply safety and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data center terminal power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the starting box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3This is a front view of the starting box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the starting box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the starting box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a front view of the column cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view of the column cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the column cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the output module and the monitoring module according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the power supply interface and the horizontal busbar assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the power supply interface and the horizontal busbar assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal busbar assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal busbar assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the horizontal busbar assembly and the copper busbar of the starting box according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the horizontal busbar assembly and the copper busbar of the starting box according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 16 This is a connection diagram of a data center terminal power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Starting box; 101. First starting box; 102. Second starting box; 11. Copper busbar of starting box; 2. Column head cabinet; 201. First column head cabinet; 202. Second column head cabinet; 21. Horizontal busbar assembly; 22. Output module; 221. Power supply interface; 222. Mounting card; 23. Monitoring module; 24. Positioning reference plate; 241. Positioning reference hole; 242. Mounting reference hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments. Various examples are provided by way of explanation and not by way of limitation. Indeed, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications and variations can be made to the invention without departing from its scope or spirit. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, it is desirable that the present invention encompass such modifications and variations falling within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0019] It should be noted that, in order to clearly show the structural relationship of the key internal components of the present invention, some pipes, lines, fixing brackets and other components of the actual product are omitted in the accompanying drawings. However, the specific design schemes of these omitted components are all easily implemented by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions currently presented in the present invention and conventional design.

[0020] In the description of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected," "linked," and "set up" used in this invention should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through intermediate components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] like Figures 1-16 As shown, the present invention provides a data center terminal power distribution method, including: Step 1: Based on the total power requirements and layout plan of the data center cabinet, install the row cabinet 2 above the data center cabinet. The row cabinet 2 is equipped with a horizontal busbar assembly 21 containing four copper busbars (A / B / C / N) and a PE busbar. The horizontal busbar assembly 21 is connected to the mains power input terminal or the backup power supply terminal. Step 2: Based on the power requirements and circuit quantity requirements of the data center cabinet, configure the output module 22 and the monitoring module 23 in the row head cabinet 2. The output module 22 is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly 21 to form an independent power distribution unit. The monitoring module 23 is connected to the output module 22 to monitor the independent power distribution unit. Step 3: Collect real-time data from independent power distribution units through monitoring module 23 to construct a terminal power distribution status monitoring dataset; Step 4: Determine the operating status of independent power distribution units based on the end-point power distribution status monitoring dataset; Step 5: Adjust, add, remove, or replace the output module 22 based on the operating status of the independent power distribution unit.

[0022] In practical implementation, in response to the technical problems existing in the prior art, the column cabinet 2 of this invention is installed above the cabinet, avoiding the problem of occupying space when installed side by side with the cabinet; the output module 22 is snapped into the horizontal busbar assembly 21, which can realize the hot-swap function, solving the problem of difficult hot-swap in the prior art; at the same time, the modular design of this invention makes it more convenient to adjust, add, remove or replace the output module 22 in the later stage, which is convenient for expansion and transformation, thereby reducing cable connections and reducing losses, and the presence of the monitoring module 23 supports online monitoring and maintenance.

[0023] Optionally, the cabinet 2 is connected to the mains power inlet or the backup power supply via the starting box 1. Step 1 specifically includes the following steps: Step 11: Determine the required incoming line capacity and redundancy power supply coefficient of the data center based on the total power requirements of the data center cabinets, and determine the specifications of the starting box 1 accordingly. Step 12: Based on the layout plan of the data center cabinet, determine the installation positions of the starting box 1 and the column cabinet 2, as well as the extension path of the horizontal busbar assembly 21, so that the horizontal busbar assembly 21 and the copper busbar of the starting box 1 form a hard connection. Step 13: After the power from the mains power input terminal or the backup power supply terminal is distributed through the starting box 1, the power distribution link covering the entire row of cabinets is formed through the horizontal busbar assembly 21.

[0024] In practical implementation, the starting box 1 can be equipped with a built-in intelligent instrument, surge protection module, incoming line switch, and starting box 1 monitoring system. The intelligent instrument can monitor power parameters, the surge protection module can prevent lightning strikes from damaging the equipment, the incoming line switch can be used to control the on / off of the main power supply, and the starting box 1 monitoring system can monitor the operating status of the starting box 1 to ensure the safe and stable power input. When connecting the starting box 1 to the row head cabinet 2, the copper busbar 11 of the starting box is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly 21 to form a rigid connection.

[0025] Optionally, the output module 22 integrates a hot-swappable base and a miniature circuit breaker, and step 2 specifically includes the following steps: Step 21: Based on the power requirements of a single data center cabinet, determine the number of poles and rated parameters of the miniature circuit breaker integrated in the output module 22, as well as the current carrying capacity of the hot-swappable base. Step 22: Based on the number of circuits required by the data center cabinet and the phase distribution and current distribution of the A / B / C / N four-pole copper busbars, a snap-fit ​​area is defined in the head cabinet 2. The horizontal busbar assembly 21 in the snap-fit ​​area is connected to a positioning reference plate 24 that matches the hot-swappable base. The positioning reference plate 24 is provided with a positioning reference hole 241, which is parallel to the horizontal busbar assembly 21. Step 23: Connect the output module 22 to the horizontal busbar assembly 21 through the power supply interface 221 of the hot-swappable base and the positioning reference hole 241 to realize the transmission of electrical energy from the horizontal busbar assembly 21 to the output module 22, so as to form an independent power distribution unit. Step 24: Connect the monitoring module 23 to the communication interface of the hot-swappable base communication module to monitor the independent power distribution unit.

[0026] In practical implementation, the positioning reference plate 24 is also provided with mounting reference holes 242, and the output module 22 is provided with mounting clips 222 that match the mounting reference holes 242, so as to quickly and accurately fix the output module 22 onto the positioning reference plate 24. Through the cooperation of the positioning reference holes 241 and the power supply interface 221, and the mounting reference holes 242 and the mounting clips 222, the output module 22 and the horizontal busbar assembly 21 can be accurately, quickly, and securely connected, facilitating later maintenance and replacement. At the same time, with the positioning and fixing structure of the positioning reference plate 24, the stability of power transmission can be guaranteed, and the occurrence of faults such as poor contact can be reduced. The connection of the monitoring module 23 enables real-time monitoring of the operating status of the output module 22, improving the safety and reliability of the power distribution system.

[0027] Optionally, step 3 specifically includes the following steps: Step 31: Collect real-time status data of the hot-swappable base through the connection link between the monitoring module 23 and the hot-swappable base communication interface. The real-time status data includes the snap-in locking status of the hot-swappable base, the contact resistance value of the contact point, and the base temperature value. At the same time, collect real-time operating data of the miniature circuit breaker through the connection link between the monitoring module 23 and the miniature circuit breaker communication interface. The real-time operating data includes the on / off status of the miniature circuit breaker, the three-phase current value, the neutral current value, and the overcurrent protection trigger status. Step 32: Perform outlier removal, missing data completion, and timestamp unification on the collected real-time status data and real-time operation data to obtain a standardized subset of real-time data; Step 33: Based on the circuit number of the independent power distribution unit, classify and integrate the standardized real-time data subset, and associate it with the single cabinet power demand benchmark value corresponding to the independent power distribution unit to construct a terminal power distribution status monitoring dataset containing status data, operation data, and benchmark parameters.

[0028] In practice, by systematically collecting real-time data from independent power distribution units, standardizing and processing the data, and classifying and integrating it to construct a monitoring dataset, a complete data management chain for the terminal power distribution status can be formed. This process ensures the real-time nature, accuracy, and relevance of the data, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent assessment of the operating status of independent power distribution units. It helps to promptly detect anomalies in the power distribution system, improves the reliability and stability of the data center's terminal power distribution, and provides data support for subsequent adjustments and maintenance operations.

[0029] Preferably, step 31 specifically includes the following steps: Step 311: Establish a continuous data transmission link through the communication interface between the monitoring module 23 and the hot-swappable base, set the data acquisition frequency to once per second, collect the snap-in locking status of the hot-swappable base (such as locked / unlocked), the contact resistance value (unit: milliohms) and the base temperature value (unit: degrees Celsius), and add a timestamp accurate to milliseconds to each data. Step 312: Establish a data transmission link with the same frequency between the monitoring module 23 and the miniature circuit breaker through the communication interface, collect the on / off status of the miniature circuit breaker (e.g., on / off), three-phase current values ​​(A phase, B phase, C phase, unit: Ampere), neutral current value (unit: Ampere), and overcurrent protection trigger status (e.g., trigger count / not triggered), and add millisecond-level timestamps as well; Step 313: The collected real-time data of the hot-swappable base and miniature circuit breaker are preliminarily sorted according to the format of "device identifier-data type-value-time stamp" to form the original status dataset and the original operation dataset (for example: the card-locking status of the hot-swappable base with ID H01 is locked, and the timestamp is 2024-10-0112:00:00.001).

[0030] In practice, by adding a timestamp accurate to milliseconds to each data entry, the timeliness and traceability of the data can be ensured. This enables the comprehensive capture of instantaneous state changes of independent power distribution units, avoiding misjudgments of state due to data omissions or untimely collection. It provides high-quality raw data for subsequent data processing and analysis, and helps to accurately reflect the real-time operating status of the power distribution units.

[0031] Preferably, step 32 specifically includes the following steps: Step 321, (Outlier Removal): For contact resistance values, set a reasonable range (e.g., 1-50 milliohms) based on historical normal operation data. Data exceeding this range is marked as an outlier and removed (e.g., a contact resistance value of 100 milliohms is out of range and removed). For three-phase current values, if any phase current value is negative or far exceeds the maximum current value corresponding to the power requirement of a single cabinet (e.g., a single cabinet power of 20kW, voltage of 380V, maximum current of approximately 30A, exceeding 50A is abnormal), it is judged as an outlier and removed. For base temperature values, set a maximum threshold (e.g., 80 degrees Celsius). Non-instantaneous fluctuation data exceeding this threshold (lasting 3 times or more) is judged as an outlier and removed. Step 322, (Missing Data Completion) When data is missing at a certain moment (e.g., due to communication interruption, data for a certain second was not collected), linear interpolation is used for completion. (Specifically, the intermediate value can be calculated based on the valid data adjacent to the missing moment. For example, if the phase A current at 12:00:00.001 is 10A and the phase A current at 12:00:00.003 is 12A, the phase A current at 12:00:00.002 is completed as 11A. If the continuous missing data does not exceed 5 seconds, the above linear interpolation method is used. If it exceeds 5 seconds, it is marked as a missing data segment, and further verification is required based on the subsequent data trend.) Step 323, (Timestamp Unification) Using the system clock of monitoring module 23 as a reference, calibrate the timestamps of all data to ensure that the data from the hot-swappable base and the miniature circuit breaker at the same time have the same timestamp (accurate to milliseconds; specifically, for data with a timestamp deviation within 10 milliseconds, uniformly correct it to the earlier timestamp; for data with a deviation exceeding 10 milliseconds, recheck the acquisition link. If it is due to transmission delay, correct it to the theoretical acquisition timestamp. For example, data that should have been acquired at 12:00:00.000 is displayed as 12:00:00.010 due to delay and should be corrected to 12:00:00.000). Step 324: The data processed by Step 321 (outlier removal), Step 322 (missing data completion) and Step 333 (timestamp unification) are integrated into a standardized real-time data subset according to the structure of "timestamp - hot-swappable base status data - miniature circuit breaker operation data".

[0032] In practice, outlier removal reduces the interference of invalid data on analysis results, ensuring that the data conforms to actual operating patterns; missing data completion ensures the integrity of the data sequence, avoiding trend analysis bias caused by data breaks; and unified timestamps enable time alignment of data from different devices, facilitating multi-dimensional data correlation analysis. The processed, standardized real-time data subset improves data consistency and usability, laying the foundation for accurately determining the operating status of independent power distribution units.

[0033] Preferably, step 33 specifically includes the following steps: Step 331: Assign a unique circuit number (such as L01, L02, etc.) to each independent power distribution unit. This number is associated with the corresponding data center cabinet number (e.g., circuit L01 corresponds to cabinet C01). Step 332: Classify the standardized real-time data subset based on the circuit number, and group all data belonging to the same circuit number together to form a dataset divided by circuit (e.g., the hot-swappable base and miniature circuit breaker data of all timestamps of circuit L01 are grouped into the L01 dataset). Step 333: In the dataset of each circuit, associate the corresponding single cabinet power demand benchmark value (e.g., 20kW) with the data set of the circuit, clarify the reference range of parameters such as current and resistance when the circuit is operating normally, and finally construct a terminal power distribution status monitoring dataset containing status data (related to hot-swappable base), operation data (related to miniature circuit breakers), and benchmark parameters (single cabinet power demand) (e.g., the dataset of circuit L01 contains contact resistance, three-phase current and other data of each time stamp, as well as a single cabinet power benchmark value of 20kW).

[0034] In practice, the classification and integration method makes the data more targeted, facilitating the rapid identification of the operating status of specific circuits. Simultaneously, the introduction of benchmark parameters provides a reference for determining whether the data is within the normal range. The constructed end-point distribution status monitoring dataset enables the organic integration of status data, operational data, and benchmark parameters, enhancing the data's usability and facilitating efficient analysis of the operating status of independent distribution units, providing clear data guidance for subsequent evaluation and adjustments.

[0035] Optionally, step 4 specifically includes the following steps: Step 41: Based on the end-of-line power distribution status monitoring dataset, perform contact deterioration trend calculation on the contact resistance value of the hot-swappable base to obtain the contact resistance deterioration index. Perform three-phase calculation on the three-phase current value of the miniature circuit breaker to obtain the three-phase current balance index. Incorporate the contact resistance deterioration index and the three-phase current balance index into the primary evaluation set of the operating status. Step 42: Based on the primary evaluation set of operating status, calculate the temperature rise rate of the hot-swappable base temperature value to obtain the base temperature rise rate index, and perform protection action frequency statistics on the overcurrent protection triggering state of the miniature circuit breaker to obtain the overcurrent action frequency index. Incorporate the base temperature rise rate index and the overcurrent action frequency index into the secondary evaluation set of operating status. Step 43: Based on the primary evaluation set and the secondary evaluation set of the operating status, perform weighted fusion calculation on the contact resistance deterioration index, three-phase current balance index, base temperature rise rate index and overcurrent operation frequency index to obtain the comprehensive operating status score. Step 44: Compare the comprehensive operating status score with the preset operating status level threshold range. If the comprehensive score is within the normal threshold range, the independent power distribution unit is determined to be in normal operating status. If it is within the warning threshold range, it is determined to be in warning operating status. If it is within the abnormal threshold range, it is determined to be in abnormal operating status.

[0036] In practical implementation, this invention can comprehensively capture potential faults in the data center's terminal power distribution system (such as loose contacts, load imbalance, heat dissipation failure, and overload risk) from four core dimensions: contact resistance degradation, three-phase current balance, base temperature rise, and overcurrent action, avoiding the omission of key hidden dangers by a single indicator. Through the linkage analysis between indicators (such as the coupling between contact resistance degradation and temperature rise rate, and the correlation between three-phase imbalance and overcurrent frequency), it better conforms to the fault propagation law of the power distribution system and improves the accuracy of status judgment.

[0037] Preferably, in step 41, the contact degradation trend is calculated based on the following formula:

[0038] In the formula, This indicates the current contact resistance value (unit: milliohms). This indicates the reference value for contact resistance (unit: milliohms). This indicates the number of statistical periods, which can be 6 (corresponding to 30 minutes, with one period every 5 minutes). minutes), number of cycles and Minutes, taking into account both short-term fluctuation filtering and trend capture, which is in line with the dynamic response characteristics of data center power distribution systems; Indicates the first The contact resistance value (unit: milliohms) of the previous cycle; 0.6 and 0.4 in the formula are weights, which respectively reflect the influence of absolute deviation and cumulative change. Absolute deviation (0.6) reflects the current degree of deterioration, and cumulative change (0.4) reflects the trend of accelerated deterioration. The combination of the two avoids misjudgment by a single indicator. This indicates the contact resistance degradation index, expressed as a percentage; a higher value indicates more severe degradation. By considering both the absolute deviation of the contact resistance (current degree of degradation) and the cumulative rate of change (degradation trend), the risk of misjudging due to instantaneous fluctuations or ignoring slow degradation can be avoided, providing a more accurate reflection of the long-term reliability of the hot-swappable base contacts.

[0039] Preferably, in step 41, the three-phase calculation is performed based on the following formula:

[0040] In the formula, This represents the maximum value of the three-phase currents A, B, and C (unit: A). This represents the minimum value of the three-phase current (A / B / C). This represents the average value of the three-phase current (unit: A). ; The value of the neutral current is expressed in A. In the formula, 0.7 and 0.3 are weights, which respectively reflect the influence of three-phase deviation and neutral current. Three-phase deviation (0.7) is the core, and neutral current (0.3) is the auxiliary evaluation. This represents the three-phase current balance index, expressed as a percentage. The smaller the value, the higher the balance.

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, This indicates the current temperature of the base (unit: °C). This indicates the base temperature 10 minutes ago (unit: °C). This indicates the base temperature 20 minutes ago (unit: °C). This indicates the ambient temperature of the computer room (unit: °C), taken as 25 °C (typical ambient temperature of a data center). The maximum allowable temperature of the base is indicated in °C, which can be taken as 80 °C (the heat resistance limit of common copper busbar insulation materials); in the formula, 0.5, 0.3, and 0.2 are weights, respectively reflecting the influence of temperature rise rate, temperature rise acceleration, and relative temperature difference. Temperature rise rate (0.5) reflects the current heat dissipation status, acceleration (0.3) predicts the trend, and relative temperature difference (0.2) eliminates environmental interference; This indicates the rate of temperature rise of the base, expressed as a percentage. A higher value indicates a higher risk of overheating.

[0043] Preferably, in step 42, the frequency of protection actions is statistically analyzed based on the following formula:

[0044] This indicates the number of times the overcurrent protection has been triggered in the last 3 hours. Indicates the first Maximum current during the second overcurrent (unit: A); Indicates the rated current of the miniature circuit breaker (unit: A); Indicates the first Duration of each overcurrent event (in seconds); denominator 3 is the reference threshold (the equivalent overcurrent risk value allowed within 3 hours, with a 3-hour time window covering the server load fluctuation cycle). This is a percentage indicator representing the frequency of overcurrent actions; a value exceeding 100% indicates a significant overcurrent risk.

[0045] Preferably, in step 43, the weighted fusion calculation is performed based on the following formula:

[0046] Wherein, the dynamic weights satisfy ,and:

[0047] when or When the value increases, its weight automatically increases (up to 0.4), reflecting the increased priority of safety indicators; and The weights are reduced accordingly (minimum 0.1) to avoid non-core indicators interfering with emergency situation judgments; This represents the overall operating status score, ranging from 0 to 100. A higher score indicates a worse operating status.

[0048] Preferably, in step 44: Overall operating status score When comparing with a preset threshold range to determine the operating status, It can be determined that it is in normal operating condition, and all indicators are within the safe range; This can be identified as an early warning operation state, requiring targeted adjustments (such as phase adjustment and enhanced heat dissipation). This can be identified as an abnormal operating state, requiring emergency handling (such as replacing the module).

[0049] Optionally, step 5 specifically includes the following steps: Step 51: When an independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an early warning operation state, extract the indicator data from the primary evaluation set and the secondary evaluation set of the operation state to determine the early warning cause: if the early warning cause is an abnormal three-phase current balance index, perform phase calibration adjustment on the hot-swappable base of the output module 22; if the early warning cause is an abnormal base temperature rise rate index, perform heat dissipation enhancement treatment on the hot-swappable base of the output module 22. Step 52: When the independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an abnormal operating state, and the contact resistance degradation index and overcurrent operation frequency index both exceed the preset repair threshold, the abnormal output module 22 is pulled out while the horizontal busbar assembly 21 is continuously powered. A spare output module 22 with the same number of poles, rated parameters and current carrying capacity as the original output module 22 is selected and reconnected to the horizontal busbar assembly 21 through the positioning reference hole 241 until the monitoring module 23 reports that the hot-swappable base is in a normal locking state and the real-time operating data of the miniature circuit breaker is restored to the normal range. Step 53: When the comprehensive score of the operating status of multiple independent power distribution units is continuously in the warning threshold range or abnormal threshold range, and the associated single cabinet power demand benchmark value deviates systematically from the actual load, an output module 22 is added to the reserved card connection area of ​​the column head cabinet 2. The newly added output module 22 is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly 21 through a hot-swappable base to form a new independent power distribution unit. At the same time, the communication interface of the newly added output module 22 is connected to the monitoring module 23.

[0050] In practical implementation, when the warning cause is an abnormal temperature rise rate of the base, the following methods can be used to enhance heat dissipation: First, obtain real-time temperature distribution data of the hot-swappable base through monitoring module 23 to identify high-temperature areas. Then, add cooling fans at the corresponding high-temperature areas within the cabinet 2. The power and number of fans are determined based on the degree of abnormality in the base temperature rise rate. Simultaneously, clean dust and other debris from the surface of the hot-swappable base to ensure unobstructed heat dissipation channels. If necessary, apply thermal grease to the contact area between the base and the horizontal busbar assembly 21 to enhance heat conduction. The thickness of the thermal grease application should be controlled within a specified range.

[0051] Each monitoring module 23 can simultaneously monitor multiple output modules 22. The monitoring module 23 establishes a connection link with the multiple output modules 22 through their communication interfaces, and cyclically collects real-time data from the hot-swappable bases and miniature circuit breakers in each output module 22 according to a preset collection frequency (e.g., once per second). This data is then aggregated, processed, and analyzed to achieve centralized monitoring of multiple independent power distribution units. For example, one monitoring module 23 can connect to and monitor eight output modules 22, collecting data such as the latching status and three-phase current values ​​of each output module 22, and displaying the operating status of each module on the same interface.

[0052] Preferably, the hot-swappable base is provided with a slide rail mechanism for vertically sliding the power supply interface 221, and step 51 specifically includes: Step 511: When the warning cause is an abnormal three-phase current balance index, release the locking between the hot-swappable base and the horizontal busbar assembly 21, and remove the hot-swappable base from the horizontal busbar assembly 21. At this time, the miniature circuit breaker will simultaneously disconnect to cut off the output circuit. Step 512: Adjust the slide rail mechanism of the hot-swap base so that the power supply interface 221 slides vertically along the slide rail mechanism to a position that matches the target phase; Step 513: Align the adjusted hot-swap base with the positioning reference hole 241 of the target phase on the horizontal busbar assembly 21, and re-operate the snap-fit ​​operation until it is locked in place. Collect the three-phase current value of the miniature circuit breaker through the monitoring module 23 and recalculate the three-phase current balance index. If the index returns to normal, the phase adjustment is completed. If it does not return to normal, repeat steps 511 to 512 until the phase adjustment meets the standard.

[0053] In practical implementation, taking the independent power distribution unit with circuit number L04 as an example, its three-phase current balance index If the current is 25% (warning threshold range 15%~30%), the warning cause is determined to be abnormal three-phase current balance. The following steps can be performed: Step 511: Release the locking mechanism between the hot-swappable base of the L04 circuit output module 22 and the horizontal busbar assembly 21. Remove the hot-swappable base from the horizontal busbar assembly 21. At this time, the miniature circuit breaker will simultaneously trip, cutting off the L04 circuit output. Step 512: Adjust the slide rail mechanism of the hot-swappable base so that the power supply interface 221 slides vertically along the slide rail. The original power supply interface 221 is connected to phases A / B / C. The target phases are calculated to be phases A / C / B. Slide the power supply interface 221 to the corresponding phase position. Step 513: Align the adjusted hot-swappable base with the positioning reference holes 241 of phases A / C / B on the horizontal busbar assembly 21 and re-lock it. Collect the three-phase current values ​​through the monitoring module 23: phase A 18A, phase C 19A, phase B 18.5A, and calculate the average three-phase current. Maximum value of three-phase current minimum value neutral current Substitute into the three-phase current balance index formula If the value is within the normal threshold range (<15%), phase modulation is complete.

[0054] Preferably, step 52 specifically includes: Step 521: When an independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an abnormal operating state, and the contact resistance degradation index and the overcurrent operation frequency index both exceed the preset repair threshold, the output circuit of the independent power distribution unit is cut off. Step 522: Release the locking mechanism between the hot-swap base and the horizontal busbar assembly 21 to remove the abnormal output module 22 from the horizontal busbar assembly 21; Step 523: Select a spare output module 22 with the same specifications as the original output module 22, adjust the power supply interface 221 of its hot-swap base along the slide rail mechanism to the same position as the power supply interface 221 of the original output module 22, align it with the positioning reference hole 241 and push it into the snap-fit ​​area. The monitoring module 23 collects the snap-fit ​​locking status and operation data of the new output module 22 in real time. After confirming that the power transmission between the output module 22 and the horizontal busbar assembly 21 is normal, the hot-swap replacement operation of the output module 22 is completed.

[0055] In practical implementation, taking the independent power distribution unit with circuit number L07 as an example, its contact resistance degradation index... (Preset repair threshold 50%), overcurrent action frequency index (Preset repair threshold 100%), indicating an abnormal operating state, the following steps can be performed: Step 521: Disconnect the output of the L07 circuit to ensure the safety of the replacement process; Step 522: Release the locking of the hot-swappable base of the output module 22 of this circuit with the horizontal busbar assembly 21, and pull the abnormal output module 22 out of the horizontal busbar assembly 21; Step 523: Select a spare output module 22 (same specifications as the original module: 3 poles of miniature circuit breaker, rated current 63A, hot-swappable base current carrying capacity 250A), adjust the power supply interface 221 of its hot-swappable base to the original position along the slide rail mechanism (corresponding to phases B / A / C), align it with the positioning reference hole 241 and push it into the locking area; The monitoring module 23 collects data in real time: the hot-swappable base locking status is "locked", the contact resistance value is 3.2mΩ, the three-phase current values ​​of the miniature circuit breaker are 22A, 21A, and 22.5A respectively, the overcurrent protection trigger status is "not triggered", confirming that the power transmission is normal, and the replacement is completed.

[0056] Preferably, each data center includes at least a first row header cabinet 201 and a second row header cabinet 202 to achieve redundant configuration. The first and last ends of the horizontal busbar assembly 21 within each row header cabinet 2 are provided with expansion interfaces for connecting to the horizontal busbar assembly 21 of another row header cabinet 2. Step 53 specifically includes: Step 531: When the comprehensive score of the operating status of multiple independent power distribution units is continuously in the warning threshold range or abnormal threshold range, and the benchmark value of single cabinet power demand deviates systematically from the actual load, and the reserved card connection area of ​​the current row head cabinet 2 is insufficient, the installation position of the new row head cabinet 2 is determined based on the data center cabinet layout plan. Step 532: During the expansion operation of the first row head cabinet 201, the second row head cabinet 202 is used to supply power to the data center cabinet, and during the expansion operation of the second row head cabinet 202, the first row head cabinet 201 is used to supply power to the data center cabinet. Step 533: Connect the horizontal busbar assembly 21 of the newly added row head cabinet 2 to the horizontal busbar assembly 21 of the row head cabinet 2 to be expanded through the expansion interface. Configure the output module 22 and the monitoring module 23 in the newly added row head cabinet 2 to form a new independent power distribution unit. Connect the monitoring module 23 of the newly added row head cabinet 2 to the system's main monitoring link.

[0057] In specific implementation, the first row cabinet 201 is connected to the first starting box 101, and the second row cabinet 202 is connected to the second starting box 102. The main monitoring link is a communication network within the data center used to connect all row cabinet 2 monitoring modules 23 to the central monitoring system. It can use the Ethernet protocol and form a star topology through network cables or optical fibers, supporting bidirectional data transmission (monitoring modules 23 send real-time data to the central system, and the central system sends control commands to monitoring modules 23). The monitoring module 23 of the newly added row cabinet 2 is connected to the system's main monitoring link by connecting its communication interface to the switch port of the main monitoring link through a network cable, configuring an IP address (e.g., 192.168.1.105) to include it in the same network segment, and achieving data interaction through a preset communication protocol (e.g., Modbus TCP). After connection, the loop data collected by the newly added monitoring module 23 can be transmitted to the central monitoring system, and the central system can also remotely monitor and control the newly added output module 22, realizing integrated monitoring of the entire system.

[0058] The present invention also provides a power distribution device: The power distribution equipment is used for power distribution at the data center terminal using the power distribution method, and the power distribution equipment includes: The starting box 1 is used to connect to the mains power inlet or the backup power supply and to distribute the incoming power. The column head cabinet 2 is equipped with a horizontal busbar assembly 21, which is rigidly connected to the copper busbar 11 of the starting box to form a power distribution link covering the entire column cabinet. The output module 22 integrates a hot-swappable base and a miniature circuit breaker. The output module 22 is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly 21 via the hot-swappable base to form an independent power distribution unit. The miniature circuit breaker is used to control the connection and disconnection of the power supply circuit between the output module 22 and the data center cabinet. The monitoring module 23 is used to collect real-time data of the independent power distribution unit in order to determine the operating status of the independent power distribution unit.

[0059] In practical implementation, data centers constructed using the data center terminal power distribution method and power distribution equipment of this invention have the following technical advantages: Space saving: The row cabinet 2 is installed above the data center rack, avoiding the space occupation problem of installation next to the rack and improving space utilization.

[0060] Easy to operate and maintain: The output module 22 is snapped into the horizontal busbar assembly 21. Combined with the hot-swappable base design, hot-swappable operation can be realized, which solves the problem of difficult hot-swappable operation in the existing technology. It is convenient to adjust, add, remove or replace the output module 22 in the future, which is conducive to expansion and transformation.

[0061] Reduced losses: The modular design reduces cable connections and lowers power loss during transmission.

[0062] Supports online monitoring and maintenance: The monitoring module 23 is connected to the output module 22, which can collect real-time data of independent power distribution units, build a terminal power distribution status monitoring dataset, judge the operating status based on this, facilitate timely detection and handling of problems, and support online operation and maintenance functions.

[0063] Improve power supply safety and stability: The starting box 1 can be equipped with intelligent meters, surge protection modules, incoming line switches, and monitoring systems. The intelligent meters monitor power parameters, the surge protection modules prevent lightning strikes from damaging the equipment, the incoming line switches control the on / off of the main power supply, and the starting box 1 monitors its own operating status to ensure safe and stable power input. The horizontal busbar assembly 21 forms a rigid connection with the copper busbar of the starting box 1 to ensure improved stability of power transmission.

[0064] Precise connection and fixation: By cooperating with the positioning reference hole 241 on the positioning reference plate 24 and the power supply interface 221 of the hot-swappable base, the mounting reference hole 242 and the mounting clip 222 of the output module 22, the output module 22 and the horizontal busbar assembly 21 can be accurately, quickly and securely connected, reducing faults such as poor contact, and facilitating later maintenance and replacement.

[0065] Data reliability: By removing outliers, filling in missing data, and unifying timestamps on the collected real-time data, a standardized dataset for end-point power distribution status monitoring is constructed, providing a reliable data foundation for judging the operating status of independent power distribution units.

[0066] Accurate operational status assessment: Based on four core dimensions—contact resistance degradation, three-phase current balance, base temperature rise, and overcurrent action—a comprehensive operational status score is obtained through weighted fusion calculation. This comprehensively and accurately assesses the operational status of independent power distribution units, avoiding the omission of key hidden dangers by relying on a single indicator.

[0067] Targeted and efficient adjustments: Based on different operating states (warnings, anomalies) and causes, corresponding adjustments, replacements, or expansion measures are taken, such as phase calibration adjustment, heat dissipation enhancement treatment, hot-swappable replacement of output module 22, addition of output module 22 or row head cabinet 2, etc., to ensure the stable operation of the power distribution system.

[0068] Convenient expansion without interrupting power supply: The column head cabinet 2 adopts a redundant configuration (including at least the first and second column head cabinets 2). The horizontal busbar assembly 21 has expansion interfaces at the beginning and end. During expansion, the power supply can be switched to ensure uninterrupted power supply. The monitoring module 23 of the newly added column head cabinet 2 is connected to the system's overall monitoring link to achieve seamless expansion.

[0069] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power distribution method for data center terminals, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Based on the total power requirements and layout plan of the data center cabinet, install a row head cabinet above the data center cabinet. The row head cabinet is equipped with a horizontal busbar assembly containing four copper busbars (A / B / C / N) and a PE busbar. The horizontal busbar assembly is connected to the mains power input terminal or the backup power supply terminal. Step 2: Based on the power requirements and circuit quantity requirements of the data center cabinet, configure the output module and monitoring module in the row head cabinet. The output module is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly to form an independent power distribution unit. The monitoring module is connected to the output module to monitor the independent power distribution unit. Step 3: Collect real-time data from independent power distribution units through the monitoring module to construct a terminal power distribution status monitoring dataset; Step 4: Determine the operating status of independent power distribution units based on the end-point power distribution status monitoring dataset; Step 5: Adjust, add, remove, or replace the output modules based on the operating status of the independent power distribution unit.

2. The data center terminal power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabinet head unit is connected to the mains power inlet or backup power supply terminal via the starting box. Step 1 specifically includes the following steps: Step 11: Determine the required incoming line capacity and redundancy power supply factor of the data center based on the total power requirements of the data center cabinets, and determine the specifications of the starting box accordingly. Step 12: Based on the layout plan of the data center cabinets, determine the installation positions of the starting box and the row head cabinet, as well as the extension path of the horizontal busbar assembly, so that the horizontal busbar assembly and the copper busbar of the starting box form a hard connection. Step 13: After the power from the mains power input terminal or the backup power supply terminal is distributed through the starting box, the power distribution link is formed through the horizontal busbar assembly to cover the entire row of cabinets.

3. The data center terminal power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output module integrates a hot-swappable base and a miniature circuit breaker. Step 2 specifically includes the following steps: Step 21: Based on the power requirements of a single data center cabinet, determine the number of poles and rated parameters of the miniature circuit breaker integrated in the output module, as well as the current carrying capacity of the hot-swappable base. Step 22: Based on the number of circuits required by the data center cabinet and the phase distribution and current distribution of the A / B / C / N four-pole copper busbars, define the snap-fit ​​area in the cabinet head. The horizontal busbar assembly in the snap-fit ​​area is connected to a positioning reference plate that matches the hot-swap base. The positioning reference plate is provided with positioning reference holes, which are parallel to the horizontal busbar assembly. Step 23: Connect the output module to the horizontal busbar assembly through the power supply interface of the hot-swappable base and the positioning reference hole to realize the transmission of power from the horizontal busbar assembly to the output module, so as to form an independent power distribution unit. Step 24: Connect the monitoring module to the communication interface of the hot-swappable base communication module to monitor the independent power distribution unit.

4. The data center terminal power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3 specifically includes the following steps: Step 31: Collect real-time status data of the hot-swappable base through the connection link between the monitoring module and the communication interface of the hot-swappable base. The real-time status data includes the locking status of the hot-swappable base, the contact resistance value of the contact point, and the base temperature value. At the same time, collect real-time operating data of the miniature circuit breaker through the connection link between the monitoring module and the communication interface of the miniature circuit breaker. The real-time operating data includes the on / off status of the miniature circuit breaker, the three-phase current value, the neutral current value, and the overcurrent protection trigger status. Step 32: Perform outlier removal, missing data completion, and timestamp unification on the collected real-time status data and real-time operation data to obtain a standardized subset of real-time data; Step 33: Based on the circuit number of the independent power distribution unit, classify and integrate the standardized real-time data subset, and associate it with the single cabinet power demand benchmark value corresponding to the independent power distribution unit to construct a terminal power distribution status monitoring dataset containing status data, operation data, and benchmark parameters.

5. The data center terminal power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 4 specifically includes the following steps: Step 41: Based on the end-of-line power distribution status monitoring dataset, perform contact deterioration trend calculation on the contact resistance value of the hot-swappable base to obtain the contact resistance deterioration index. Perform three-phase calculation on the three-phase current value of the miniature circuit breaker to obtain the three-phase current balance index. Incorporate the contact resistance deterioration index and the three-phase current balance index into the primary evaluation set of the operating status. Step 42: Based on the primary evaluation set of operating status, calculate the temperature rise rate of the hot-swappable base temperature value to obtain the base temperature rise rate index, and perform protection action frequency statistics on the overcurrent protection triggering state of the miniature circuit breaker to obtain the overcurrent action frequency index. Incorporate the base temperature rise rate index and the overcurrent action frequency index into the secondary evaluation set of operating status. Step 43: Based on the primary evaluation set and the secondary evaluation set of the operating status, perform weighted fusion calculation on the contact resistance deterioration index, three-phase current balance index, base temperature rise rate index and overcurrent operation frequency index to obtain the comprehensive operating status score. Step 44: Compare the comprehensive operating status score with the preset operating status level threshold range. If the comprehensive score is within the normal threshold range, the independent power distribution unit is determined to be in normal operating status. If it is within the warning threshold range, it is determined to be in warning operating status. If it is within the abnormal threshold range, it is determined to be in abnormal operating status.

6. The data center terminal power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 5 specifically includes the following steps: Step 51: When an independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an early warning operation state, extract the index data from the primary evaluation set and the secondary evaluation set of the operation state to determine the early warning cause: if the early warning cause is an abnormal three-phase current balance index, perform phase calibration adjustment on the hot-swappable base of the output module; if the early warning cause is an abnormal base temperature rise rate index, perform heat dissipation enhancement treatment on the hot-swappable base of the output module. Step 52: When the independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an abnormal operating state, and the contact resistance deterioration index and the overcurrent operation frequency index both exceed the preset repair threshold, the abnormal output module is pulled out while the horizontal busbar assembly is continuously powered. A spare output module with the same number of poles, rated parameters and current carrying capacity as the original output module is selected and reconnected to the horizontal busbar assembly through the positioning reference hole until the monitoring module reports that the hot-swappable base is in a normal locking state and the real-time operating data of the miniature circuit breaker returns to the normal range. Step 53: When the comprehensive operating status score of multiple independent power distribution units is continuously within the warning threshold range or abnormal threshold range, and the associated single cabinet power demand benchmark value deviates systematically from the actual load, an output module is added to the reserved card connection area of ​​the column head cabinet. The new output module is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly through a hot-swappable base to form a new independent power distribution unit. At the same time, the communication interface of the new output module is connected to the monitoring module.

7. The data center terminal power distribution method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hot-swappable base is equipped with a slide rail mechanism that allows the power supply interface to slide vertically. Step 51 specifically includes: Step 511: When the warning cause is an abnormal three-phase current balance index, release the locking between the hot-swappable base and the horizontal busbar assembly, and remove the hot-swappable base from the horizontal busbar assembly. At this time, the miniature circuit breaker will simultaneously disconnect to cut off the output circuit. Step 512: Adjust the slide rail mechanism of the hot-swap base so that the power supply interface slides vertically along the slide rail mechanism to a position that matches the target phase; Step 513: Align the adjusted hot-swap base with the positioning reference hole corresponding to the target phase on the horizontal busbar assembly, and re-operate the snap-fit ​​operation until it is locked in place. Collect the three-phase current value of the miniature circuit breaker through the monitoring module and recalculate the three-phase current balance index. If the index returns to normal, the phase adjustment is completed. If it does not return to normal, repeat steps 511 to 512 until the phase adjustment meets the standard.

8. The data center terminal power distribution method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step 52 specifically includes: Step 521: When an independent power distribution unit is determined to be in an abnormal operating state, and the contact resistance degradation index and the overcurrent operation frequency index both exceed the preset repair threshold, the output circuit of the independent power distribution unit is cut off. Step 522: Release the locking mechanism between the hot-swap base and the horizontal busbar assembly to remove the abnormal output module from the horizontal busbar assembly; Step 523: Select a spare output module with the same specifications as the original output module, adjust the power supply interface of its hot-swap base along the slide rail mechanism to the same position as the power supply interface of the original output module, align it with the positioning reference hole and push it into the snap-fit ​​area. The monitoring module collects the snap-fit ​​locking status and operation data of the new output module in real time. After confirming that the power transmission between the output module and the horizontal busbar assembly is normal, the hot-swap replacement operation of the output module is completed.

9. The data center terminal power distribution method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each data center includes at least a first-row head unit and a second-row head unit to achieve redundant configuration. Each head unit has horizontal busbar components at both ends with expansion interfaces for connecting to horizontal busbar components of another head unit. Step 53 specifically includes: Step 531: When the comprehensive score of the operating status of multiple independent power distribution units is continuously in the warning threshold range or abnormal threshold range, and the benchmark value of single cabinet power demand deviates systematically from the actual load, and the reserved card connection area of ​​the current row head cabinet is insufficient, determine the installation location of the new row head cabinet based on the data center cabinet layout plan. Step 532: During the expansion operation of the first row head cabinet, the second row head cabinet is used to supply power to the data center cabinet; during the expansion operation of the second row head cabinet, the first row head cabinet is used to supply power to the data center cabinet. Step 533: Connect the horizontal busbar component of the newly added row head cabinet to the horizontal busbar component of the row head cabinet to be expanded through the expansion interface. Configure the output module and monitoring module in the newly added row head cabinet to form a new independent power distribution unit. Connect the monitoring module of the newly added row head cabinet to the system's main monitoring link.

10. A power distribution device, characterized in that: The power distribution equipment is used for power distribution at the data center terminal using the power distribution method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the power distribution equipment includes: The starting box is used to connect to the mains power inlet or the backup power supply and to distribute the incoming power. The column head cabinet is equipped with a horizontal busbar assembly, which is rigidly connected to the copper busbar of the starting box to form a power distribution link covering the entire column cabinet; The output module integrates a hot-swappable base and a miniature circuit breaker. The output module is connected to the horizontal busbar assembly via the hot-swappable base to form an independent power distribution unit. The miniature circuit breaker is used to control the connection and disconnection of the power supply circuit between the output module and the data center cabinet. The monitoring module is used to collect real-time data from the independent power distribution unit in order to determine the operating status of the independent power distribution unit.

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