Communication network optical fiber fault monitoring method
By analyzing factors such as the ambient temperature and bending radius of optical fibers, the predicted value of optical power loss is calculated and compensated, which solves the problems of large error and high false judgment rate in existing optical fiber fault monitoring technologies and achieves more accurate fault location.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511658619.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies fail to effectively analyze the correlation between various influencing factors when monitoring fiber optic faults in communication networks, resulting in large errors in optical power monitoring data and a high rate of misjudgment in fault location.
By acquiring the ambient temperature, bending radius, and historical test data of the optical fiber, the temperature loss coefficient and bending loss coefficient are calculated to predict and compensate for optical power loss, and the optical power attenuation characteristic curve is plotted to mark the faulty section.
It reduced the false alarm rate of fault warnings, improved the accuracy of fault location, and enhanced the rigor and systematic nature of the analysis.
Smart Images
Figure CN121485804A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical fiber fault monitoring, and particularly relates to a communication network optical fiber fault monitoring method. BACKGROUND
[0002] As a key component of communication networks, once the optical fiber fails, such as breaking, excessive bending, being squeezed, etc., it will cause communication interruption or quality degradation, resulting in huge economic losses and social impact. Therefore, timely and accurate monitoring and positioning of optical fiber faults are crucial to ensure the stable operation of communication networks.
[0003] In the traditional technology, the influence factor information for communication network optical fiber fault detection considers the influence of temperature change and bending condition, but only makes separate data statistics of each influence factor information, and does not further analyze the correlation between the diversity of influence factor information and the induced relationship, resulting in a large detection error of the optical power monitoring data, and further causing a large probability of misjudgment in the final fault positioning result. SUMMARY
[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a communication network optical fiber fault monitoring method.
[0005] The communication network optical fiber fault monitoring method provided by the present application comprises:
[0006] Step S1, obtaining a to-be-tested optical fiber to be tested for fault monitoring, detecting a to-be-tested ambient temperature affecting the optical power loss of the to-be-tested optical fiber in the ambient temperature of the to-be-tested optical fiber and a to-be-tested bending radius of a bending section, obtaining historical detection data of communication network optical fiber fault monitoring, extracting a temperature loss coefficient between temperature change and optical power loss according to the historical detection data, predicting the optical power loss value of the to-be-tested optical fiber caused by ambient temperature change according to the temperature loss coefficient and the to-be-tested ambient temperature, and obtaining an optical power temperature loss prediction value;
[0007] Step S2, extracting a bending loss coefficient between the bending radius and the optical power loss according to the historical detection data, if it is detected that the to-be-tested optical fiber is not subjected to external pressure and the to-be-tested ambient temperature does not affect the deformation of the to-be-tested optical fiber, performing optical power compensation on the initial detection optical power of the to-be-tested optical fiber in the corresponding section according to the bending loss coefficient, the to-be-tested bending radius and the optical power temperature loss prediction value, and obtaining an actual detection optical power I;
[0008] Step S3, if the external pressure acting on the measured fiber is detected and the ambient temperature of the measured fiber produces deformation, the deformation prediction radius of the measured fiber is predicted according to the detected external pressure acting on the measured bending radius of the bending section and the external pressure acting on the bending section, the initial detection optical power of the measured fiber is compensated for the optical power of the corresponding section according to the deformation prediction radius, the measured bending radius, the bending loss coefficient and the optical power temperature loss prediction value, and the optical power bending loss prediction value two is obtained, and the optical power attenuation characteristic curve is drawn according to the actual detection optical power one or the actual detection optical power two, the starting section with the maximum attenuation amplitude and the intermediate section with the maximum attenuation amplitude are marked, and the risk fault early warning positioning result is output.
[0009] Preferably, the measured fiber to be monitored for failure is obtained, and the optical power of each position point of the measured fiber is detected to obtain the initial detection optical power.
[0010] The ambient temperature of the measured fiber is detected to obtain the ambient temperature value, and the loss temperature threshold of the external temperature causing the optical power loss of the measured fiber is obtained.
[0011] The bending radius of the bending section of the measured fiber is detected to obtain the measured bending radius.
[0012] Preferably, the historical detection data of the communication network optical fiber failure monitoring is obtained, the historical abnormal temperature value of the historical detection fiber is extracted from the historical detection data when the ambient temperature is greater than the loss temperature threshold, and the difference between the historical abnormal temperature value and the loss temperature threshold is obtained to obtain the temperature change amplitude;
[0013] The historical optical power temperature loss value of the historical detection fiber affected by the temperature change amplitude is extracted from the historical detection data.
[0014] The ratio of the historical optical power temperature loss value and the temperature change amplitude is obtained to obtain the temperature loss coefficient.
[0015] The difference between the measured ambient temperature and the loss temperature threshold is obtained to obtain the current temperature change difference, and the optical power loss value of the measured fiber affected by the ambient temperature change is predicted according to the temperature loss coefficient and the current temperature change difference to obtain the optical power temperature loss prediction value.
[0016] Preferably, the historical bending radius of the bending section of the historical detection fiber is extracted from the historical detection data, and the historical optical power bending loss value of the historical detection fiber affected by the historical bending radius is extracted from the historical detection data.
[0017] The bending loss coefficient is obtained by comparing the historical optical power bending loss value with the historical bending radius.
[0018] If it is detected that there is no external pressure on the optical fiber under test and the temperature of the test environment does not affect the deformation of the optical fiber under test, output test condition one.
[0019] Based on the bending loss coefficient and the bending radius to be measured, the optical power loss value generated by the bending radius of the optical fiber under test in test condition one is predicted to obtain optical power bending loss prediction value one.
[0020] Based on the predicted optical power temperature loss and optical power bending loss, the initial detected optical power is compensated for the optical power of the corresponding section to obtain the actual detected optical power.
[0021] Preferably, if it is detected that there is external pressure on the optical fiber under test and the temperature of the test environment affects the deformation of the optical fiber under test, test condition two is output.
[0022] According to the second test condition, the external pressure value and direction of the bending section to which the bending radius belongs are detected. The direction of the external pressure and the tilt angle formed by the bending section in the optical fiber are statistically analyzed to obtain the pressure tilt angle. Based on the pressure tilt angle, the external pressure value is divided into pressure components parallel to the non-bending section to obtain the horizontal pressure component value to be tested.
[0023] Preferably, the historical deformation bending radius of the bending section of the historical test optical fiber after deformation under historical external horizontal pressure is extracted from the historical test data, and the difference between the historical deformation bending radius and the historical bending radius is obtained to obtain the historical radius deformation value.
[0024] The pressure deformation radius factor is obtained by comparing the historical radius deformation value with the historical external horizontal pressure. Based on the pressure deformation radius factor and the measured horizontal pressure value, the deformation radius generated by the bending section of the optical fiber under test under the action of the measured horizontal pressure value is obtained, thus obtaining the deformation prediction radius.
[0025] Preferably, if the direction of the external pressure is the same as the direction of optical power transmission in the non-bent section of the optical fiber under test, the bending radius to be tested and the deformation prediction radius are summed. If the direction of the external pressure is opposite to the direction of optical power transmission in the non-bent section of the optical fiber under test, the bending radius to be tested and the deformation prediction radius are subtracted to obtain the pre-processed bending radius. Based on the bending loss coefficient and the pre-processed bending radius, the optical power loss value generated by the bending radius in the second test condition is predicted to obtain the second optical power bending loss prediction value.
[0026] Based on the predicted optical power bending loss value 2 and the predicted optical power temperature loss value, optical power compensation is performed on the corresponding section of the initial detected optical power to obtain the actual detected optical power 2. A positive attenuation curve is plotted on the actual detected optical power 1 or the actual detected optical power 2 to obtain the optical power attenuation characteristic curve. Based on the optical power attenuation characteristic curve, the starting section with the largest attenuation amplitude and the intermediate section with the largest attenuation amplitude are marked, and the risk fault warning and location result is output.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
[0028] Initial optical power is obtained by performing preliminary optical power detection at various locations on the optical fiber under test. However, this initial detection power is highly likely to be underestimated due to factors such as ambient temperature changes, the bending radius of the fiber's bending sections, and power loss caused by external pressure. Therefore, error compensation is necessary to predict the actual detection power. Current technologies generally use a comprehensive statistical analysis of ambient temperature changes, external pressure, and bending radius to assess the impact of optical power loss. However, this approach fails to consider the interrelationships between various influencing factors that could increase or cancel out losses. Consequently, the analysis process is not rigorous enough, leading to low accuracy in the final fault prediction results. To address this, two main scenarios are differentiated: one scenario involves detecting no external pressure on the fiber under test and no change in ambient temperature affecting the fiber. Under varying influences, the initial detected optical power of the fiber under test is compensated for in the corresponding sections (considering the impact of temperature changes and bending radius on optical power loss). Alternatively, if external pressure is detected on the fiber under test, and the ambient temperature causes deformation, the initial detected optical power is compensated for in the corresponding sections (considering the decrease or increase in bending radius due to temperature changes and external pressure on the bending section). Based on the different optical power loss errors caused by these two scenarios, the predicted actual detected optical power is plotted as an optical power attenuation characteristic curve to mark the corresponding sections of the risk fault. This processing method reduces the probability of misjudgment in risk fault warnings, enhances the systematic and rigorous nature of the entire information analysis work, and improves the accuracy of the final risk fault warning. Attached Figure Description
[0029] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a fiber optic fault monitoring method for communication networks, which is the main feature of this embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments.
[0031] ReferenceFigure 1 A method for monitoring fiber optic faults in a communication network, the method comprising the following steps:
[0032] Step S1: Obtain the optical fiber to be tested for fault monitoring, detect the ambient temperature that affects the optical power loss of the optical fiber under test, and the bending radius of the bending section. Obtain historical detection data of optical fiber fault monitoring in the communication network. Based on the historical detection data, extract the temperature loss coefficient between temperature change and optical power loss. Based on the temperature loss coefficient and the ambient temperature under test, predict the optical power loss value caused by the ambient temperature change in the optical fiber under test, and obtain the predicted value of optical power temperature loss.
[0033] Step S2: Based on historical detection data, extract the bending loss coefficient between the bending radius and optical power loss. If it is detected that there is no external pressure on the optical fiber under test and the ambient temperature does not affect the deformation of the optical fiber under test, perform optical power compensation for the corresponding section based on the bending loss coefficient, the bending radius under test and the predicted value of optical power temperature loss, to obtain the actual detected optical power.
[0034] Step S3: If external pressure is detected on the fiber under test and the ambient temperature affects the deformation of the fiber under test, predict the deformation radius of the bending section affected by the external pressure based on the detected bending radius and the direction of the external pressure. Based on the deformation prediction radius, the bending radius, the bending loss coefficient, and the predicted optical power temperature loss, perform optical power compensation for the corresponding section of the initial detected optical power of the fiber under test to obtain the second predicted optical power bending loss value. Based on the optical power attenuation characteristic curve plotted according to the first or second actual detected optical power, mark the starting section with the largest attenuation amplitude and the middle section with the largest attenuation amplitude, and output the risk fault warning and location result.
[0035] Specifically, initial optical power is obtained by performing preliminary optical power detection at various locations on the optical fiber under test. This initial detected optical power is highly likely to be underestimated due to factors such as ambient temperature changes, the bending radius of the bent sections of the optical fiber, and optical power loss caused by external pressure. Therefore, error compensation is needed to predict the actual detected optical power. Current technologies generally use a comprehensive statistical analysis of ambient temperature changes, external pressure, and bending radius to assess the impact of optical power loss. However, this approach fails to consider the interrelationships between various influencing factors that could lead to increased or decreased losses. Consequently, the analysis process is not rigorous enough, resulting in low accuracy of the final fault prediction results. To address this, two main scenarios are differentiated: one is where no external pressure is detected on the optical fiber, and the ambient temperature does not affect the optical fiber. In cases where deformation occurs, the initial detected optical power of the fiber under test is compensated for in the corresponding section (considering the impact of temperature changes and bending radius on optical power loss). Alternatively, if external pressure is detected on the fiber under test and the ambient temperature causes deformation, the initial detected optical power is compensated for in the corresponding section (considering the decrease or increase in bending radius due to temperature changes and external pressure on the bending section). Based on the different optical power loss errors caused by these two scenarios, the predicted actual detected optical power is plotted as an optical power attenuation characteristic curve to mark the corresponding section location of the risk fault. This processing method reduces the probability of misjudgment in risk fault warnings, enhances the systematic and rigorous nature of the entire information analysis work, and improves the accuracy of the final risk fault warning.
[0036] The specific step S1 includes the following sub-steps:
[0037] Obtain the optical fiber to be tested for fault monitoring, and perform optical power detection at various locations on the optical fiber to obtain the initial detection optical power.
[0038] The ambient temperature of the optical fiber under test is detected to obtain the ambient temperature value. The loss temperature threshold that causes optical power loss in the optical fiber under test is obtained from the ambient temperature value. The ambient temperature of the test that is greater than the loss temperature threshold is extracted from the ambient temperature value.
[0039] The bending radius of the bent section in the optical fiber under test is detected to obtain the bending radius to be measured.
[0040] Historical detection data of optical fiber fault monitoring in communication networks is obtained. Historical abnormal temperature values where the ambient temperature of the historically detected optical fiber is greater than the loss temperature threshold are extracted from the historical detection data. The difference between the historical abnormal temperature value and the loss temperature threshold is calculated to obtain the temperature change amplitude.
[0041] Extract the historical optical power temperature loss value corresponding to the temperature change amplitude that affects the historical optical fiber generated by the historical test data.
[0042] The temperature loss coefficient is obtained by comparing the historical optical power temperature loss value with the temperature change amplitude.
[0043] The difference between the ambient temperature and the loss temperature threshold is calculated to obtain the current temperature difference. Based on the temperature loss coefficient and the current temperature difference, the optical power loss caused by the change in ambient temperature on the optical fiber under test is predicted to obtain the predicted optical power temperature loss value.
[0044] Specifically, for example, initial detection of optical power (if it's G1, for instance, using an optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) to detect the optical power at various points on the fiber). The working principle of an OTDR: based on Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection: The OTDR emits high-power laser pulses into the fiber. As the light propagates through the fiber, Rayleigh scattering (continuous backscattering) and Fresnel reflection (discrete reflections, such as at fiber end faces and connectors) occur. These reflected and scattered signals return to the OTDR's receiving end. The relationship between time and distance: The OTDR measures the time delay of the reflected light signal, combined with... The speed of light propagation in the optical fiber is used to calculate the location of the reflection point. Simultaneously, by analyzing the intensity of the returned light signal, the optical power loss or reflection characteristics at that location can be inferred. How to achieve optical power detection at various points in the optical fiber (backward Rayleigh scattering: Rayleigh scattering occurs continuously, and the scattered light power is proportional to the incident light power. Therefore, OTDR can indirectly measure the optical power attenuation at various points along the optical fiber by analyzing the intensity of the scattered light returned at different time points)? The loss temperature threshold (which can be obtained through statistical analysis of historical detection data; threshold extraction method: inflection point analysis method (at the loss-...)) is also crucial. In the temperature curve, the critical temperature point where loss increases significantly can be considered as the threshold. (The more historical data accumulated, the more accurate the inflection point location). Ambient temperature is detected by a temperature sensor, and the bending radius to be measured can be detected using existing fiber optic bending sensors: fiber optic bending sensors are devices specifically designed to detect the degree of fiber bending. Their working principle is usually based on the micro-bending loss effect of optical fibers. When an optical fiber bends, light in the core leaks into the cladding, leading to a decrease in transmitted optical power. By measuring the change in transmitted optical power in the fiber, the degree of fiber bending can be obtained. Such sensors are generally composed of specific fiber structures and sensitive elements, capable of converting fiber bending into a measurable electrical signal or other physical quantity change. Alternatively, optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used: OCT is a high-resolution imaging technology that uses the principle of low-coherence light interference to image the internal structure and surface morphology of optical fibers. When scanning an optical fiber, the OCT system can acquire reflected light information at different locations. By analyzing and processing this information, cross-sectional images and three-dimensional structural information of the optical fiber can be obtained.By observing the image changes at the bend in the optical fiber, the bending condition of the fiber can be intuitively understood, and the bending radius can be measured. Historical detection data (referring to all recorded data from optical fiber fault detection in historical periods, including optical power loss values under high-temperature environmental conditions at different historical detection periods, different ambient temperature values, optical power loss values under bending conditions, bending radii of different bending sections, and fiber deformation under external pressure (such as changes in the bending radius of the bending section)) and temperature change amplitude (it should be noted that the difference between historical abnormal temperature values and the loss temperature threshold is calculated in the case of no bending sections in the historically detected optical fiber, and the historically detected optical fiber and the fiber to be tested...) The statistical analysis of optical fibers is conducted under the condition of the same material characteristics. Since the main focus here is on the correlation analysis between temperature change and optical power loss, it is necessary to avoid the interference of other factors that affect optical power loss. The data characteristics analysis of optical fibers of the same material is performed to avoid the influence of small errors that result in different degrees of optical power loss from different materials. The temperature change amplitude is w1, w2, w3, wi; the historical optical power temperature loss value is s1, s2, s3, si; the temperature loss coefficient is (s1 / w1+s2 / w2+s3 / w3+si / wi) / i, which is x1; the current temperature change difference is Wc; and the predicted optical power temperature loss value is Wc*x1, which is Sw.
[0045] The specific step S2 includes the following sub-steps:
[0046] Extract the historical bending radius of the bending section of the historical test fiber from the historical test data, and extract the historical optical power bending loss value corresponding to the historical bending radius that affects the historical test fiber from the historical test data.
[0047] The bending loss coefficient is obtained by comparing the historical optical power bending loss value with the historical bending radius.
[0048] If it is detected that there is no external pressure on the optical fiber under test and the temperature of the test environment does not affect the deformation of the optical fiber under test, output test condition one.
[0049] Based on the bending loss coefficient and the bending radius to be measured, the optical power loss value caused by the bending radius in test condition one is predicted, and the optical power bending loss prediction value one is obtained.
[0050] Based on the predicted values of optical power temperature loss and optical power bending loss, the optical power of the initial detected optical power is compensated for in the corresponding sections to obtain the actual detected optical power.
[0051] Specifically, for historical bending radii (if q1, q2, q3, qi), it should be noted that the statistical conditions for historical bending radii are limited to the following: the ambient temperature of the historically tested fiber does not exceed the loss temperature threshold, and the historically tested fiber and the fiber under test are made of the same material. Since this analysis primarily focuses on the correlation between bending radius and optical power loss, it is necessary to avoid interference from other factors that affect optical power loss. Therefore, data characteristic analysis of fibers made of the same material is required to avoid the effects of different materials. The effects of minute errors on the degree of optical power loss vary, historical optical power bending loss values (if s11, s21, s31, si1), bending loss coefficient (i.e., s11 / q1 + s21 / q2 + s31 / q3 + si1 / qi) / i (if x2), and test condition one (e.g., in different historical testing periods, when the bending radius of the bending section of the historically tested optical fiber is below the ambient temperature value Wd, the bending radius of the bending section remains unchanged under external pressure; when it is above Wd, the bending radius decreases under external pressure). Or increase, that is, through the inflection point analysis method (in the radius deformation-(temperature, pressure) curve, the critical temperature point where the bending radius changes significantly can be regarded as the threshold. The more historical data accumulated, the more accurate the inflection point positioning. (Temperature, pressure) is, for example, the ratio of pressure to temperature B. The first test condition is that the ratio of pressure to temperature is less than B. At this time, the analysis of the bending radius change caused by external pressure in the bending section is not considered). The optical power bending loss prediction value one (if the bending radius to be measured is R1, then x1*R1 if it is Sq), the actual detected optical power one (it should be noted that: if the optical power to be measured is R1, then x1*R1 is Sq). If the bending section in the fiber coincides with the section corresponding to the ambient temperature being measured, then the actual detected optical power of this overlapping section is G1+Sw+Sq (G11 if G11). If the bending section in the fiber does not coincide with the section corresponding to the ambient temperature being measured, then the actual detected optical power of the bending section and the section corresponding to the ambient temperature being measured are G1+Sq (G12 if G12), G1+Sw (G13 if G13), and so on. The actual detected optical power of other bending sections and sections corresponding to the ambient temperature being measured in the fiber is statistically analyzed and collected as "actual detected optical power one".
[0052] The specific step S3 includes the following sub-steps:
[0053] If external pressure is detected on the optical fiber under test, and the ambient temperature affects the deformation of the optical fiber under test, then test condition two will be output.
[0054] According to the second test condition, the external pressure value and direction of the external pressure on the bending section to which the bending radius belongs are detected. The direction of the external pressure and the tilt angle formed by the bending section in the optical fiber are statistically analyzed to obtain the pressure tilt angle. Based on the pressure tilt angle, the external pressure value is divided into pressure components parallel to the non-bending section to obtain the horizontal pressure component value to be tested.
[0055] Extract the historical deformation bending radius of the bent section of the optical fiber under historical external horizontal pressure from historical test data, and calculate the difference between the historical deformation bending radius and the historical bending radius to obtain the historical radius deformation value.
[0056] The pressure deformation radius factor is obtained by comparing the historical radius deformation value with the historical external horizontal pressure. Based on the pressure deformation radius factor and the measured horizontal pressure value, the deformation radius generated by the bending section of the fiber under test under the measured horizontal pressure value is obtained, thus obtaining the deformation prediction radius.
[0057] If the direction of the external pressure is the same as the direction of optical power transmission in the non-bent section of the optical fiber under test, the bending radius to be tested and the deformation prediction radius are summed. If the direction of the external pressure is opposite to the direction of optical power transmission in the non-bent section of the optical fiber under test, the bending radius to be tested and the deformation prediction radius are subtracted to obtain the pre-processed bending radius. Based on the bending loss coefficient and the pre-processed bending radius, the optical power loss value generated by the bending radius in test condition two is predicted to obtain the second optical power bending loss prediction value.
[0058] Based on the predicted optical power bending loss value 2 and the predicted optical power temperature loss value, the optical power of the initial detected optical power is compensated for in the corresponding section to obtain the actual detected optical power 2. A positive attenuation curve is plotted for the actual detected optical power 1 or the actual detected optical power 2 to obtain the optical power attenuation characteristic curve. Based on the optical power attenuation characteristic curve, the starting section with the largest attenuation amplitude and the middle section with the largest attenuation amplitude are marked, and the risk fault warning and location results are output.
[0059] Specifically, for test condition two (test condition two is that the ratio of pressure to temperature is greater than or equal to B, in which case it is necessary to analyze the change in bending radius of the bending section caused by external pressure, because the change in bending radius may greatly generate additional optical power loss, the fiber under test is under external pressure, and the temperature of the test environment affects the deformation of the fiber under test: under the action of external pressure, the bending section is deformed (change in bending radius)), the value of external pressure and the direction of external pressure (pressure detection can use polarization-maintaining fiber sensors in existing technology: polarization-maintaining fibers can maintain the polarization state of light. When external pressure is applied to the polarization-maintaining fiber, it will cause the stress distribution inside the fiber to change, thereby affecting the polarization of light). Polarization characteristics. By detecting changes in polarized light, such as polarization angle and ellipticity, information about pressure can be obtained, including the direction of pressure, the measured horizontal component pressure value (e.g., the angle of inclination formed by the direction of external pressure and the bending section in the fiber under test, if the external pressure value is F, then the measured horizontal component pressure value is the sine of F*J, if it is Fs), historical radius deformation value (if it is b1, b2, b3, bi, it should be noted that the ambient temperature conditions of the selected data are the same as the ambient temperature of the test environment to avoid multiple unknowns), historical external horizontal pressure (if it is f1, f2, f3, fi), and pressure deformation radius factor (i.e., (b1 / f1+b2 / f2+b3 / f3+bi / fi) / i, if it is...). z), deformation prediction radius (i.e., Fs*z if r), preprocessed bending radius (if the direction of external pressure is the same as the direction of optical power transmission in the non-bending section of the fiber under test, it means that Fs applies an outward pushing force to the bending section, making the bending radius larger, then R1+r if R2; if the direction of external pressure is opposite to the direction of optical power transmission in the non-bending section of the fiber under test, it means that Fs applies an inward pushing force to the bending section, making the bending radius smaller, then R1-r if R3), optical power bending loss prediction value two (i.e., R2*x2 or R3*x2 if N), actual detected optical power two (it should be noted that: if the bending section in the fiber under test coincides with the section to which the ambient temperature belongs, then the actual detected optical power in this overlapping section is...) If the power is G1+Sw+N and is G2, and the bending section of the fiber under test does not coincide with the section corresponding to the ambient temperature, then the actual detected optical power of the bending section and the section corresponding to the ambient temperature are respectively G1+N (if G21), G1+Sw (if G22), and so on. The actual detected optical power of other bending sections and the sections corresponding to the ambient temperature in the fiber under test are statistically analyzed and collected as the actual detected optical power (II). The optical power attenuation characteristic curve (that is, the curves of the actual detected optical power of each bending section and the section corresponding to the ambient temperature in the fiber under test are plotted in descending order of attenuation magnitude. Based on the change of optical power loss attenuation magnitude, the location of the risk fault section can be intuitively determined).The risk fault early warning and location results (such as the segment location point corresponding to the initial optical power attenuation (large attenuation amplitude) in the optical power attenuation characteristic curve) are a risk fault location point (such as L1 in the following example). If there are still segments with large attenuation amplitudes (such as the first part of the fiber under test, L1, L2, L3, L4: the optical power attenuation amplitudes from L1 to L2, L2 to L3, and L3 to L4 are regularly decreasing), and the latter part of the fiber under test, L5, L6, L7: the optical power attenuation amplitude from L4 to L5 increases, while the optical power attenuation amplitudes from L5 to L6 and L6 to L7 are regularly decreasing like the first part, then L5 is the middle segment with the largest attenuation amplitude. Finally, the segments corresponding to L1 and L5 are marked as risk fault early warning and location points, and risk fault early warnings are issued in a timely manner.
[0060] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A method for monitoring fiber optic faults in a communication network, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the optical fiber to be tested for fault monitoring, detect the ambient temperature that affects the optical power loss of the optical fiber and the bending radius of the bending section, obtain historical detection data of optical fiber fault monitoring in the communication network, extract the temperature loss coefficient between temperature change and optical power loss based on the historical detection data, and predict the optical power loss value caused by the ambient temperature change on the optical fiber based on the temperature loss coefficient and the ambient temperature. Step S2: Based on historical detection data, extract the bending loss coefficient between the bending radius and optical power loss. If it is detected that there is no external pressure on the optical fiber under test and the ambient temperature does not affect the deformation of the optical fiber under test, perform optical power compensation for the corresponding section based on the bending loss coefficient, the bending radius under test and the predicted value of optical power temperature loss, to obtain the actual detected optical power. Step S3: If external pressure is detected on the fiber under test and the ambient temperature affects the deformation of the fiber under test, predict the deformation radius of the bending section affected by the external pressure based on the detected bending radius and the direction of the external pressure. Based on the deformation prediction radius, the bending radius, the bending loss coefficient, and the predicted optical power temperature loss, perform optical power compensation for the corresponding section of the initial detected optical power of the fiber under test to obtain the second predicted optical power bending loss value. Based on the optical power attenuation characteristic curve plotted according to the first or second actual detected optical power, mark the starting section with the largest attenuation amplitude and the middle section with the largest attenuation amplitude, and output the risk fault warning and location result.
2. The method for monitoring fiber optic faults in a communication network according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Obtain the optical fiber to be tested that needs to be monitored for faults, and detect the optical power at various locations of the optical fiber to be tested to obtain the initial detected optical power. The ambient temperature of the optical fiber under test is detected to obtain the ambient temperature value. The loss temperature threshold that causes optical power loss in the optical fiber under test is obtained from the ambient temperature value. The ambient temperature of the test that is greater than the loss temperature threshold is extracted from the ambient temperature value. The bending radius of the bent section in the optical fiber under test is detected to obtain the bending radius to be measured.
3. The method for monitoring fiber optic faults in a communication network according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S1 also includes: Historical detection data of optical fiber fault monitoring in communication network is obtained. Historical abnormal temperature values where the ambient temperature of the historical detection optical fiber is greater than the loss temperature threshold are extracted from the historical detection data. The difference between the historical abnormal temperature value and the loss temperature threshold is calculated to obtain the temperature change amplitude. Extract the historical optical power temperature loss value corresponding to the temperature change amplitude from the historical detection data; The temperature loss coefficient is obtained by comparing the historical optical power temperature loss value with the temperature change amplitude. The difference between the ambient temperature to be measured and the loss temperature threshold is calculated to obtain the current temperature difference value. Based on the temperature loss coefficient and the current temperature difference value, the optical power loss value caused by the change in ambient temperature on the optical fiber under test is predicted to obtain the optical power temperature loss prediction value.
4. The fiber optic fault monitoring method for a communication network according to claim 3, characterized in that, Step S2 includes: Extract the historical bending radius of the bending section of the historical test fiber from the historical test data, and extract the historical optical power bending loss value corresponding to the historical bending radius that affects the historical test fiber from the historical test data; The bending loss coefficient is obtained by comparing the historical optical power bending loss value with the historical bending radius. If it is detected that there is no external pressure on the optical fiber under test and the temperature of the test environment does not affect the deformation of the optical fiber under test, output test condition one. Based on the bending loss coefficient and the bending radius to be measured, the optical power loss value generated by the bending radius of the optical fiber under test in test condition one is predicted to obtain the optical power bending loss prediction value one. Based on the predicted optical power temperature loss and optical power bending loss, the initial detected optical power is compensated for the optical power of the corresponding section to obtain the actual detected optical power.
5. The fiber optic fault monitoring method for a communication network according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: If external pressure is detected on the optical fiber under test, and the ambient temperature affects the deformation of the optical fiber under test, output test condition two. According to the second test condition, the external pressure value and direction of the bending section to which the bending radius belongs are detected. The direction of the external pressure and the tilt angle formed by the bending section in the optical fiber are statistically analyzed to obtain the pressure tilt angle. Based on the pressure tilt angle, the external pressure value is divided into pressure components parallel to the non-bending section to obtain the horizontal pressure component value to be tested.
6. The method for monitoring fiber optic faults in a communication network according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S3 also includes: Extract the historical deformation bending radius of the bending section of the optical fiber under historical external horizontal pressure from historical test data, and calculate the difference between the historical deformation bending radius and the historical bending radius to obtain the historical radius deformation value. The pressure deformation radius factor is obtained by comparing the historical radius deformation value with the historical external horizontal pressure. Based on the pressure deformation radius factor and the measured horizontal pressure value, the deformation radius generated by the bending section of the optical fiber under test under the action of the measured horizontal pressure value is obtained, thus obtaining the deformation prediction radius.
7. The method for monitoring fiber optic faults in a communication network according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S3 also includes: If the direction of the external pressure is the same as the direction of optical power transmission in the non-bent section of the optical fiber under test, the bending radius to be tested and the deformation prediction radius are summed. If the direction of the external pressure is opposite to the direction of optical power transmission in the non-bent section of the optical fiber under test, the bending radius to be tested and the deformation prediction radius are subtracted to obtain the pre-processed bending radius. Based on the bending loss coefficient and the pre-processed bending radius, the optical power loss value generated by the bending radius in the second test condition is predicted to obtain the second optical power bending loss prediction value. Based on the predicted optical power bending loss value 2 and the predicted optical power temperature loss value, optical power compensation is performed on the corresponding section of the initial detected optical power to obtain the actual detected optical power 2. A positive attenuation curve is plotted on the actual detected optical power 1 or the actual detected optical power 2 to obtain the optical power attenuation characteristic curve. Based on the optical power attenuation characteristic curve, the starting section with the largest attenuation amplitude and the intermediate section with the largest attenuation amplitude are marked, and the risk fault warning and location result is output.