Self-adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication
By dividing channels in the MESH wireless network and using spectrum sensing and adaptive frequency selection methods to identify and switch to high-quality frequency points, the problem of insufficient anti-interference capability in wireless communication is solved, and efficient data transmission under continuous or wide-spectrum interference is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511600122.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication anti-interference technologies lack adaptability when facing continuous interference and wide-spectrum interference, leading to reduced data transmission efficiency or communication interruption.
In the MESH wireless network, an air interface frame structure is designed, and the time slots are logically divided into channels C1, C2 and C3. Through spectrum sensing and adaptive frequency selection methods, high-quality frequency points are identified and switched to for communication, including obtaining spectrum information, determining channel usage rights, identifying interference and updating frequencies.
It improves the anti-interference capability of wireless communication systems, ensuring that they can adaptively select high-quality frequency points for communication when faced with continuous or wide-spectrum interference, thus avoiding communication interruptions and improving data transmission efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121486988A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a method for adaptive frequency selection anti-interference based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the increasing popularity of wireless communication, the contradiction between the increasing demand of wireless application and the limitation of spectrum resource is increasingly prominent in the field of wireless communication. In order to better utilize spectrum resource, multiple communication systems often share spectrum resource in the same area, causing mutual interference of wireless communication signals. Meanwhile, in the field of private network, especially in the field of military, there also exists man-made spectrum interference. Therefore, effective anti-interference is increasingly important in wireless communication, and is even the most important feature in some specific applications such as unmanned aerial vehicle swarm networking.
[0003] Traditional anti-interference techniques include: using frequency hopping technology to constantly change frequency to hit a clean frequency by probability, using idle time frequency detection method to identify and avoid interference, and using deployment frequency detection device to detect and avoid interference. Although these methods can resist interference to some extent, the adaptive ability is weak. When the interference duration is long and the interference spectrum is wide, the transmission data efficiency will be greatly reduced or even the communication cannot be recovered. Therefore, how to provide a reliable anti-interference method is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY
[0004] To solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a method for adaptive frequency selection anti-interference based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication. The method comprises: constructing a MESH wireless network, wherein the MESH wireless network comprises a master node, a target node and a neighbor node, designing an air interface frame structure, and logically dividing a plurality of time slots in the air interface frame into three channels C1, C2 and C3 in time domain; the anti-interference method comprises:
[0005] S1, acquiring network parameters and a time slot number S, and determining the time-frequency position of the C1 channel in the frame period according to the time slot number S;
[0006] S2, judging whether to obtain the use right of the C1 channel based on the time slot number S. If the use right of the C1 channel is obtained, a spectrum information broadcast message FBIMSG is generated, and the spectrum information broadcast message FBIMSG is repeatedly sent based on frequency hopping of the time-frequency position, and the duration is t. If the use right of the C1 channel is not obtained, the neighbor node spectrum information message FBIMSG and the local channel measurement information are acquired, the local interference situation information A is calculated through the local channel measurement information n , the global sensing information Z n and the neighbor node local spectrum sensing information L nAnd C3 channel using frequency information F x ;
[0007] S3, according to local interference condition information A n And neighbor node local spectrum sensing information L n Identify whether there is unicast frequency point interference, if there is, then handshake with the target node in the C3 channel at the MAC layer and replace the good frequency point;
[0008] S4: according to the global sensing information Z n Identify whether there is broadcast frequency point interference, if there is, then generate broadcast channel frequency point information by selecting a good frequency point through the master node, and jump to step S2;
[0009] S5: judge C3 channel using frequency information F x New or old, if it is new, then update the local frequency, if it is old, then discard, so that it is consistent with the whole network.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the application are:
[0011] The application is aimed at external synchronization MESH network, and innovatively proposes an anti-interference method based on spectrum detection and adaptive frequency selection, and the main process includes system parameter configuration, spectrum information collection and frequency hopping broadcast, channel interference detection and decision, and frequency selection communication. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.
[0013] Figure 1 The connection diagram of the adaptive frequency selection control module provided by the present application and other modules is shown in the figure.
[0014] Figure 2 The C1 channel time-frequency position corresponding diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0015] Figure 3 The spectrum atlas diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0016] Figure 4 The C2 channel frequency selection diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure.
[0017] Figure 5 The C3 channel frequency selection diagram provided by the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
[0019] The adaptive frequency selection control module is designed in the external synchronization MESH wireless network, and the frequency selection and control functions are realized. The adaptive frequency selection module transmits and receives the FBIMSG information by time slot frequency hopping through the C1 channel, actively measures and identifies the interference of the surrounding spectrum environment, realizes the adaptive frequency selection, and achieves the purpose of avoiding the interference. The main steps include:
[0020] Please refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 and the accompanying drawings Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application discloses an adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication. The air interface frame structure is designed in the external synchronization MESH wireless network, and a plurality of time slots in the air interface frame are logically divided into C1, C2 and C3 channels in the time domain. The C1 channel is used for transmitting the spectrum information broadcast message FBIMSG, the C2 channel is used for unicast service data transmission and reception, and the C3 channel is used for wireless resource reservation of the C2 channel and system broadcast and multicast service transmission. The anti-interference method specifically includes:
[0021] S1: Based on the system parameters and the time slot number S obtained in advance, the time-frequency position of the C1 channel in the frame period is determined, wherein the system parameters include the execution time t. The time-frequency position of the C1 channel is sent to the physical layer through the MAC layer interface, and the physical layer will perform frequency switching and transceiver control at the corresponding time.
[0022] S11: The node obtains the system parameters from the upper layer, and the system parameters mainly include: node main information, node number N, current broadcast frequency point information, frequency table information, frame period T, C1 channel execution time t and terrain parameters, and the initialization of the corresponding D value of the frequency table frequency point is performed, and the initialization value is 3.
[0023] Table 1 System parameters
[0024]
[0025] S12: Calculate the time-frequency position of C1 channel according to frame period T and node number N, for example: if T=100, t=5 (channel number), if time slot number S%T equals 0 (S modulo T), the time slot number is the starting position of C1 channel, S / T+1 equals N (S integer division T), at this moment, it is the sending time of the adaptive frequency selection time slot of the node, and the duration is t, and other periods are the receiving time of the node. The frequency table frequency points are arranged in sequence on each time slot, and the number of time slots in the frame period of C1 channel is consistent with the number of frequency table frequency points (configured by the upper layer, consistent in the whole network), please refer to the attached Figure 2 .
[0026] S13: Send the time-frequency position of C1 channel into the physical layer through the MAC layer interface send_data_to_phy, and the physical layer performs frequency switching and transceiving control at the corresponding moment after synchronization.
[0027] S2: Judge whether the use right of C1 channel is obtained based on the time slot number S, if the use right of C1 channel is obtained, repeatedly send the spectrum information broadcast message FBIMSG based on the time-frequency position frequency hopping, and the duration is t; as long as there is a frequency point available, reliable information transmission can be performed, and the purpose of anti-interference is achieved.
[0028] Table 2 Broadcast message FBIMSG
[0029]
[0030] S3: According to the local interference situation information A n and the local spectrum sensing information L n of the neighbor node, identify whether there is unicast frequency point interference, if there is, trigger the MAC layer to update the high-quality frequency point, and notify the MAC layer that there is interference in the current communication frequency point and feed back the high-quality communication frequency point through the MAC layer interface send_ctl_msg_to_mac.
[0031] Obtaining C3 channel use frequency information includes that: the C3 channel is a broadcast channel, the broadcast channel frequency is a fixed frequency, the master node selects a frequency point with the minimum global interference according to the local global sensing information Z n , and broadcasts the frequency point through the FBIMSG message, and the slave node receives the sequence number of the new FBIMSG message, analyzes and updates the local C3 channel frequency point information.
[0032] In the embodiment, the selection rule of the high-quality frequency point is to select the frequency point with the minimum D value, if the D values of multiple frequency points are consistent, the frequency point with the small number is selected, the MAC layer performs frequency switching through handshaking with the target node on the C3 channel, and the purpose of anti-interference is achieved.
[0033] In the actual communication process, there also exists the case that MAC layer unicast needs C2 channel spectrum resource, MAC layer acquires the high-quality frequency point, and feeds back the local spectrum sensing information L n and the local interference information A n of the neighbor nodes to the MAC layer.
[0034] The calculation of the local interference condition information includes:
[0035]
[0036] wherein, is the interference, is the received signal strength, is the signal-to-noise ratio, is the environmental revision constant.
[0037] S4: According to the global sensing information Z n , it is identified whether there exists broadcast frequency point interference, if yes, the high-quality frequency point is selected by the master node to generate the broadcast channel frequency point information, and the step S2 is jumped to execute; if not, the channel listening and data receiving are continued.
[0038] The acquisition of the global sensing information includes obtaining the global sensing information from the FBIMSG message of each neighbor node, wherein the global sensing information is the interference D value condition, and is recorded as the global sensing information Z n .
[0039] The acquisition of the local spectrum sensing information of the neighbor nodes includes: taking the local sensing information in the received FBIMSG message of each neighbor node as the local spectrum sensing information L n .
[0040] S5: It is judged whether the C3 channel use frequency information F x is new or old, if new, the local frequency is updated, if old, it is discarded, so as to keep consistent with the whole network.
[0041] If it is an old message or the node is the master node, it is discarded. If it is the C3 broadcast frequency point information, the sequence number is new, and the node is the member node, the frequency value is transmitted to the physical layer, the device updates the broadcast frequency F x , and avoids interference.
[0042] In addition, it also needs to be explained that in the steps S1~S5, there is obvious logical sequence between the step S1 and the step S2, the steps S3~S5 are the steps executed in the case that the C1 channel use right is not obtained, and there is no obvious logical relationship between the steps S3~S5.
[0043] In summary, through the technical solution, in the external synchronization MESH multi-hop self-organizing network, the node can autonomously detect the spectrum, identify the interference, select the high-quality frequency point communication, and improve the anti-interference communication ability of the system.
[0044] Specifically, in step S2, before judging whether the node obtains the C1 channel use right, the time slot number is acquired, and the specific method is: the physical layer triggers the time slot terminal, the MAC layer responds to the time slot interruption, and the time slot number S is acquired; whether it is the starting position of the C1 channel and whether the node obtains the use right of the C1 channel are judged according to the formula in step S12; if the node obtains the use right of the C1 channel and is the master node, the local spectrum sensing information L n and the global sensing information Z n are used to judge whether the C3 channel exists interference, if the interference exists, the high-quality frequency point is selected, the local C3 channel frequency is updated, the broadcast frequency point serial number is added by 1, the broadcast frequency point information and the sensing spectrum information are generated, the generated broadcast frequency point information and the sensing spectrum information are sent to the MAC layer, and the MAC layer is sent to the physical layer; wherein the sensing spectrum information includes: the local sensing spectrum information and the global sensing information; if the node is the subordinate node, the broadcast frequency point information and the sensing spectrum information are generated, the generated broadcast frequency point information and the sensing spectrum information are sent to the MAC layer, and the MAC layer is sent to the physical layer.
[0045] Specifically, the current C3 broadcast channel frequency point information can be encapsulated according to table 4, and the sensing spectrum information can be encapsulated according to table 5.
[0046] If the C1 channel use right is not obtained, the channel listening and data receiving are performed on the C1 channel in the frame period, the neighbor node spectrum information message FBIMSG and the local channel measurement information are acquired, the local interference situation information A n is calculated through the local channel measurement information; the global sensing information Z n and the neighbor node local spectrum sensing information L n and the C3 channel use frequency information F x are acquired through the neighbor node spectrum information message FBIMSG.
[0047] Specifically, the message is parsed according to table 3 format, and the channel measurement value (signal strength R, signal-to-noise ratio S) is acquired; the spectrum sensing information is parsed according to table 5, and the current broadcast channel frequency point information is parsed according to table 4.
[0048] According to the channel state providing parameter, the D value is calculated according to the formula (R / (β*S)). The D value is cached in the local g_Freq_state[N][freq_n] array, and is recorded as A n information (local interference information), N is the local node number, and freq_n is the sensing frequency point number.
[0049] Table 3 Physical layer channel measurement information
[0050]
[0051] Table 4 C3 channel frequency point information
[0052]
[0053] Table 5 Sensing spectrum information
[0054]
[0055] According to the broadcast message in Table 4, the frequency point and sequence number of the broadcast channel frequency point information are obtained;
[0056] According to Table 5, the single-point sensing D value is parsed and obtained, and the local g_Freq_state[node][freq_n] array D value is updated, denoted as L n , node is the node number, and freq_n is the sensing frequency point number;
[0057] According to Table 5, the global sensing D value is parsed and obtained, and is cached in the local freq_state_temp[freq_n] array, and the local global sensing D value is updated, g_Freq_state[0][freq_n]=max(freq_state_temp[freq_n],g_Freq_state[N][freq_n],g_Freq_state[0][freq_n]), denoted as Z n , N is the local node number, and freq_n is the frequency point number.
[0058] According to the above steps, a spectrum atlas can be formed, and the local spectrum information is continuously updated, as shown in Figure 3 .
[0059] According to the spectrum atlas, the frequency point without interference is selected for communication on the C2 unicast channel, such as communication between node 2 and node 3, the high-quality frequency point of node 2 is f2, f3, f5, and the high-quality frequency point of node 3 is f1, f4, f5, according to the frequency selection rule, the C2 channel communication frequency selection is as shown in Figure 4 , and interference can be avoided through frequency selection communication.
[0060] Determine the C3 channel usage frequency information F x New or old, if new, update the local C3 channel broadcast frequency, if old, discard, so as to keep consistent with the whole network, through frequency update, interference can be avoided, and the system has anti-interference ability, the C3 channel communication frequency selection is as shown in Figure 5 .
[0061] Taking three nodes as an example, through frequency selection communication, interference can be avoided.
[0062] The above examples further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application. It should be understood that the above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made to the present application within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A spectrum-aware adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method for wireless communication, characterized in that, include: Construct a MESH wireless network, which includes a master node, a target node, and neighbor nodes. Design the air interface frame structure, logically dividing multiple time slots within the air interface frame into three channels, C1, C2, and C3, in the time domain. Anti-interference methods include: S1. Obtain network parameters and timeslot number S, and determine the time-frequency position of channel C1 within the frame period based on timeslot number S; S2. Based on the timeslot number S, determine whether the right to use channel C1 has been obtained. If the right to use channel C1 has been obtained, generate a spectrum information broadcast message FBIMSG and repeatedly send the spectrum information broadcast message FBIMSG based on the time-frequency location frequency hopping for a duration of t. If the right to use channel C1 has not been obtained, obtain the neighbor node's spectrum information message FBIMSG and local channel measurement information, and calculate the local interference information A using the local channel measurement information. n ; Obtain global perception information Z through neighbor node spectrum information messages FBIMSG n Local spectrum sensing information of neighboring nodes L n and the frequency information F used by the C3 channel x ; S3, Based on local interference information A n Local spectrum sensing information of neighboring nodes L n Identify whether there is unicast frequency interference. If so, handshake with the target node on the C3 channel at the MAC layer and replace it with a high-quality frequency. S4: Based on the global perception information Z n If broadcast frequency interference is detected, and if it is detected, a high-quality frequency is selected by the master node to generate broadcast channel frequency information, and then the process jumps to step S2. S5: Determine the frequency information used by channel C3. x If the frequency is new, it will be updated locally; if it is old, it will be discarded to keep it consistent with the entire network.
2. The adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a MESH wireless network, the master node is configured by the upper layer, neighbor nodes are nodes that can be reached by one hop of the node, and the destination node is the next hop node for message transmission.
3. The adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the time-frequency position of the C1 channel within the frame period includes: if the time slot number S%T equals 0, then the time slot is determined to be the starting position of the C1 channel; S / T+1 equals N, which is the transmission time of the adaptive frequency selection time slot of this node, with a duration of t; other times are the reception times of this node, where N is the local node number.
4. The adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of local interference information includes: ； in, For interference, To receive signal strength, For signal-to-noise ratio, This is an environmental revision constant.
5. The adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining global perception information involves retrieving it from the FBIMSG messages of each neighboring node. This global perception information includes the interference D value, which is denoted as global perception information Z. n .
6. The adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining local spectrum awareness information from neighboring nodes includes: using the local awareness information from the received FBIMSG messages from each neighboring node as local spectrum awareness information L. n .
7. The adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the C3 channel usage frequency information includes: the C3 channel is a broadcast channel, the broadcast channel frequency is a fixed frequency, and the master node obtains the frequency information based on the local global perception information Z. n In this case, select a frequency point with the least global interference and broadcast it via FBIMSG message. After receiving the new FBIMSG message with the sequence number, the subordinate node parses and updates the local C3 channel frequency point information.
8. The adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Identifying the presence of unicast frequency interference includes: setting an interference threshold, calculating the interference on the signal, and if the interference is greater than or equal to the interference threshold, then the signal is interfered with; otherwise, the signal is not interfered with.
9. The adaptive frequency selection anti-interference method based on spectrum sensing in wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selection of high-quality frequency points includes: calculating the interference of each frequency point, selecting the frequency point with the smallest interference value, and if the interference values of multiple frequency points are the same, then selecting the frequency point with the smaller frequency number.