Water diversion opening fence trash remover for hydropower station

Abstract

The invention discloses a trash remover for a water diversion opening fence of a hydropower station, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering equipment. The trash remover comprises an outer frame, a plurality of trash racks installed on the upstream side of the outer frame side by side, a power rotating shaft rotationally arranged on the downstream side of the outer frame, rake teeth installed on the power rotating shaft and a reciprocating linear motion mechanism. Each trash rack is correspondingly provided with an independent power rotating shaft, and all the power rotating shafts and the rake teeth of the power rotating shafts are driven by the reciprocating linear motion mechanism to integrally move in a reciprocating mode in the length direction of the gaps of the trash racks. According to the invention, through a composite motion mode of combining rotary cleaning of the short rake teeth and overall transverse scanning movement, the coverage area of a single group of rake teeth is increased, the situation that sundries such as branches are stuck at the roots of the rake teeth is effectively prevented, and the purpose of efficiently cleaning a large-width trash rack with a low-cost power system is achieved; and meanwhile, the modular design facilitates local maintenance, and the reliability and economical efficiency of the equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering cleaning equipment technology, and in particular to a cleaning machine for the intake gate of a hydropower station. Background Technology

[0002] At the intake of a hydroelectric power station, trash racks are used to intercept floating objects and debris in the water flow. However, they are prone to clogging after long-term use, and if not cleaned in time, they will affect the water intake, resulting in a loss of power generation. Moreover, cleaning trash racks is labor-intensive and time-consuming, and there are also safety concerns during the flood season. Therefore, timely cleaning of trash racks is of great practical significance.

[0003] There are various existing cleaning devices, the most important of which is the rotary rake tooth cleaning device. The rotary rake tooth cleaning device includes two technical approaches: one is a circulating rotary approach, which has the problem of debris such as branches getting stuck at the base of the rake teeth and being unable to be cleaned; the other is a self-rotating rake tooth approach, which also has a significant technical drawback: the cleaning area of ​​a single set of rake teeth is limited, requiring an increase in the number of rake tooth sets to cover the entire inlet or outlet, resulting in a sharp increase in cost and maintenance difficulty. Therefore, how to solve the problems of cost and coverage area of ​​a single set of rake teeth in the rotary rake tooth cleaning device is a very important and practical research topic. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cleaning machine for the inlet screen of a hydropower station that can achieve large-area and efficient cleaning at a low cost.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A cleaning machine for the intake screen of a hydropower station includes: outer frame; Trash grates, several trash grates are arranged in a row and installed on the side of the outer frame near the water-facing side; A power shaft is rotatably mounted on the outer frame near the backwater side. Each trash rack has one power shaft installed, and the axis of the power shaft is perpendicular to the gap of the trash rack. Rake teeth, a plurality of rake teeth are respectively installed on each of the aforementioned power shafts, and when each power shaft rotates, the coverage width of the rake teeth on it is less than the length of the gap between the screens of the trash rack; and A reciprocating linear motion mechanism is used to drive the power shaft to move back and forth along the length of the gap in the trash rack.

[0006] Furthermore, the power shaft is an electric roller, and each power shaft can be independently controlled to rotate.

[0007] Furthermore, the trash rack is detachably mounted on the outer frame, for example, by bolts or clips.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer frame includes two longitudinal beams and several crossbeams disposed between the two longitudinal beams, and the power shaft is installed between the two longitudinal beams. Preferably, a trash rack is installed between two adjacent crossbeams.

[0009] Furthermore, the reciprocating linear motion mechanism includes sliding rods and a linear drive mechanism. The sliding rods are mounted on opposite sides of two longitudinal beams via sliding pairs, and both ends of the power shaft are mounted on the two sliding rods. The linear drive mechanism is mounted on the longitudinal beams and is used to drive the sliding rods to slide back and forth, thereby driving the power shaft to move back and forth.

[0010] Furthermore, the linear drive mechanism includes a lead screw, a slider, and a lead screw motor. The lead screw motor is fixed to the inner side of the longitudinal beam, the lead screw is mounted on the output shaft of the lead screw motor, the slider is threadedly mounted on the lead screw, and the slider is fixedly connected to the sliding rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner side of the longitudinal beam is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding rod is installed in the sliding groove. Several rolling elements, such as rollers, are also provided between the bottom of the sliding rod and the sliding groove to reduce friction.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Modular Design and Ease of Maintenance: The core of this invention lies in its modular, zoned design of the trash rack, power shaft, and rake tooth system. Each trash rack can be disassembled independently, and each power shaft and its rake teeth correspond to a zone. When a trash rack or rake tooth in a certain zone is damaged, the component can be replaced or repaired individually without shutting down or replacing the entire device, greatly reducing maintenance difficulty, time, and cost. This invention can use shorter rake teeth to cover a larger cleaning area, so the power shaft can be driven by a relatively low torque motor, which can greatly reduce costs and eliminate the need to increase the number of power shafts to increase the coverage area; it also balances coverage area and operating costs.

[0013] Highly efficient and reliable cleaning: The rake teeth are arranged in a staggered phase, allowing them to continuously and intermittently clean the gaps between the grid bars when the power shaft rotates continuously or intermittently. The cleaning action is continuous and without blind spots, resulting in high efficiency. Independent drive control also facilitates timed or on-demand cleaning.

[0014] The composite motion of the rake teeth, consisting of rotational and translational motion, can effectively avoid the problem of rake teeth jamming caused by the accumulation of debris such as branches in the existing technology. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The cross-sectional structural diagram along line AA in the middle mainly shows the positional relationship between the rake teeth and the trash rack.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the cleaning machine for the intake gate of a hydropower station in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram B showing a partially enlarged view.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation relationship between the power shaft and the rake teeth in this invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another detachable trash rack in the present invention.

[0022] 1. Outer frame; 11. Longitudinal beam; 111. Slide groove; 12. Crossbeam; 121. Clearance gap; 2. Trash rack; 21. Bolts; 3. Power shaft; 4. Rake teeth; 5. Reciprocating linear motion mechanism; 51. Sliding rod; 52. Linear drive mechanism; 521. Lead screw; 522. Slider; 523. Lead screw motor; 53. Rolling element. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the cleaning machine for the intake screen of a hydropower station provided by the present invention mainly includes an outer frame 1, a screen 2, a power shaft 3, rake teeth 4, and a reciprocating linear motion mechanism 5.

[0027] The outer frame 1, serving as the main supporting structure, can be constructed from welded steel sections. In a preferred embodiment, the outer frame 1 includes two generally horizontally arranged longitudinal beams 11 and several horizontally welded transverse beams 12 between the longitudinal beams 11. Figure 1 The center arrow indicates the direction of water flow. Both longitudinal beams 11 and transverse beams 12 can be made of I-beams to provide sufficient strength and rigidity. The number of transverse beams 12 determines the number of sections in the trash rack, for example, as... Figure 1 The diagram shows four horizontal beams 12, which can divide the area into three installation zones between two vertical beams 11.

[0028] The debris barrier 2 is composed of multiple bars and is used to intercept debris in the water flow. Several debris barriers 2 are arranged side by side and installed on the side of the outer frame 1 near the top (water-facing side). Preferably, each debris barrier 2 is installed in an area separated by two adjacent crossbeams 12, forming a modular partition. The debris barriers 2 are fixed to the outer frame 1 by a detachable method, such as bolts 21 or clips, for easy individual disassembly, maintenance, or replacement. Figure 6 As shown.

[0029] The power shaft 3 is mounted on the outer frame 1 via a reciprocating linear motion mechanism 5 and is located at the bottom (backwater side) of the trash rack 2. Each trash rack 2 corresponds to an independent power shaft 3. The axis of the power shaft 3 is perpendicular to the bars of the trash rack 2, i.e., parallel to the crossbeam 12. Various driving methods are available for the power shaft 3. In a preferred embodiment, the power shaft 3 is an electric roller. The electric roller is a mature component that integrates the motor and reduction mechanism inside the roller; its output shaft is the roller housing itself, offering advantages such as compact structure, good sealing, and easy independent control. The selected electric roller should meet an IP67 or higher waterproof rating. The two end spindles (non-rotating parts) of the electric roller are fixedly mounted on the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 5 (e.g., fixedly mounted on the sliding rod 51). Each electric roller can be individually controlled for its start, stop, and speed, providing flexible control.

[0030] In another embodiment, the power shaft 3 can also be composed of a waterproof motor and an external shaft. The waterproof motor is fixed on one of the sliding rods 51, and the output shaft of the waterproof motor is connected to one end of the external shaft via a coupling. The other end of the external shaft is supported on another sliding rod 51 by a bearing.

[0031] Several of the aforementioned rake teeth 4 are axially fixed to the power shaft 3 (on an external shaft or the housing of an electric drum). For example... Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the width of the rake teeth 4 is slightly smaller than the width of the gaps in the screen 2 to ensure that they can rotate freely within the gaps without interfering with the screen bars. The arrangement of the rake teeth 4 on the power shaft 3 can take various phases. For example, one rake tooth can be placed for each gap (for best cleaning effect), or one rake tooth can be placed every one or several gaps (for lower cost). A preferred arrangement is to sequentially number all the gaps, and place the rake teeth 4 only at the positions corresponding to odd-numbered (or even-numbered) gaps, i.e., an empty gap is spaced between adjacent rake teeth 4. This staggered arrangement allows the rake teeth 4 to clean different columns of gaps sequentially and continuously as the power shaft 3 rotates continuously, resulting in a smooth and impact-free cleaning action.

[0032] In some embodiments, the rake teeth have three phases, and multiple rake teeth are distributed with fixed phases at intervals along the axial direction of the power shaft 3, such as... Figure 5 As shown, a schematic diagram of the phase distribution with a 120-degree interval is presented. Thus, when viewed from the end of the power shaft 3, there are only 3 rake teeth, with adjacent rake teeth spaced 120 degrees apart.

[0033] The reciprocating linear motion mechanism 5 is used to drive all the power shafts 3 and their rake teeth 4 as a whole, along the length of the gaps in the trash rack 2 (i.e., Figure 1The arrow in the diagram indicates that the rake teeth 4 move back and forth. This is one of the core features of the invention, enabling the shorter rake teeth 4 to cover the entire width of the trash rack 2 by moving laterally.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, one specific embodiment of the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 5 includes sliding rods 51 and a linear drive mechanism 52. Two sliding rods 51 are parallel to the crossbeam 12 and are mounted on the opposing inner sides of two longitudinal beams 11 via sliding pairs. Specifically, a groove 111 can be formed on the inner side of the longitudinal beams 11. The two ends of the power shaft 3 (e.g., the spindle end of an electric roller) are respectively fixed to the two sliding rods 51. The linear drive mechanism 52 is used to drive the sliding rods 51 to slide within the groove 111.

[0035] A preferred linear drive mechanism 52 includes a lead screw 521, a slider 522, and a lead screw motor 523. The lead screw motor 523 is fixed to the end or side of the longitudinal beam 11, and its output shaft is connected to the lead screw 521. The slider 522 engages with the lead screw 521 through an internal threaded hole. The slider 522 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod 51. When the lead screw motor 523 rotates forward and backward, it drives the slider 522 to move axially along the lead screw 521, thereby driving the sliding rod 51 and all the power shafts 3 to reciprocate linearly within the slide groove 111. To ensure smooth sliding and bear the weight of the power shafts 3, a rolling element 53, such as a roller, can be provided between the bottom of the sliding rod 51 and the slide groove 111. The roller's shaft can be installed at the bottom of the sliding rod 51, making rolling contact with the bottom surface of the slide groove 111; alternatively, the roller can be installed within the slide groove 111, making rolling contact with the bottom of the sliding rod 51.

[0036] It should be noted that a corresponding clearance notch 121 needs to be made on the crossbeam 12 located in the middle so that the sliding rod 51 can pass through and slide freely.

[0037] Working principle: During the cleaning operation, the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 5 (such as a lead screw motor 523) is first activated to drive all the power shafts 3 and their rake teeth 4 to move to one end of the width direction of the trash rack 2. Then, each power shaft 3 (such as an electric drum) is started to rotate slowly. The rotating rake teeth 4 are inserted into their corresponding gaps in sequence, picking out and removing the dirt stuck in the gaps. At the same time, the reciprocating linear motion mechanism 5 drives the entire rake tooth system to move slowly, continuously or stepwise along the direction of the rack bars. Through the combined motion of "rotational cleaning" and "lateral movement", the short rake teeth 4 can clean the dirt in all the gaps of the corresponding entire trash rack 2. After cleaning is completed, the rake tooth system is reset, waiting for the next cleaning cycle.

[0038] This invention, through ingenious motion combination and modular design, achieves efficient, reliable, and easy-to-maintain automatic cleaning of large-size trash racks with low power cost and structural complexity, effectively avoiding the problem of rake teeth getting stuck due to branches and other debris.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cleaning machine for the intake screen of a hydropower station, characterized in that, include: outer frame; A trash rack, wherein several of the aforementioned trash racks are arranged and installed on the side of the outer frame near the water-facing side; A power shaft is rotatably mounted on the outer frame near the backwater side. Each trash rack has one power shaft installed, and the axis of the power shaft is perpendicular to the gap of the trash rack. Rake teeth, a plurality of said rake teeth are respectively mounted on each of said power shafts, and when each power shaft rotates, the coverage width of the rake teeth on it is less than the length of the gap between the screens of the trash rack; and A reciprocating linear motion mechanism is used to drive the power shaft to move back and forth along the length of the gap in the trash rack.

2. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power shafts are electric rollers, and each power shaft is independently controlled to rotate.

3. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trash rack is detachably mounted on the outer frame.

4. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The trash rack is fixed to the outer frame by bolts or clips.

5. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer frame includes two longitudinal beams and several cross beams disposed between the two longitudinal beams, and the power shaft is installed between the two longitudinal beams.

6. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, A trash rack is installed between two adjacent crossbeams.

7. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reciprocating linear motion mechanism includes a sliding rod and a linear drive mechanism. The sliding rod is mounted on one side of two longitudinal beams via a sliding pair. Both ends of the power shaft are mounted on the two sliding rods. The linear drive mechanism is mounted on the longitudinal beams and is used to drive the sliding rods to slide back and forth, thereby driving the power shaft to move back and forth.

8. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The linear drive mechanism includes a lead screw, a slider, and a lead screw motor. The lead screw motor is fixed inside the longitudinal beam, the lead screw is mounted on the output shaft of the lead screw motor, the slider is threadedly mounted on the lead screw, and the slider is fixedly connected to the sliding rod.

9. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner side of the longitudinal beam is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding rod is installed in the sliding groove.

10. The hydropower station intake gate cleaning machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, Several rolling elements are also provided between the bottom of the sliding rod and the sliding groove to reduce friction.

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