Method for repairing chlorinated organophosphate polluted soil by using compositae plant jerusalem artichoke
Through the synergistic action of Jerusalem artichoke roots and rhizosphere microorganisms, chlorinated organophosphates contaminated soil are degraded, solving the problem of the difficulty in remediating chlorinated organophosphate contaminated soil in existing technologies, and achieving efficient in-situ remediation and bioenergy production.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511902122.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of phytoremediation technology for soil contaminated by organophosphate flame retardants / plasticizers, specifically a method for remediating soil contaminated by chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants / plasticizers using Jerusalem artichoke, a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. Background Technology
[0002] Organophosphate flame retardants / plasticizers (OPEs) are a class of synthetic phosphate derivatives. As the best alternative to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), their production and usage increased significantly after PBDEs were banned in the early 21st century. Based on the substituents, OPEs can be divided into three main categories: alkyl, aromatic, and chlorinated. Chlorinated OPEs are widely used due to their outstanding flame-retardant properties, especially tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP), and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP). These compounds are widely used as flame retardants in building materials, electronics, plastics, furniture, and textiles. Because OPEs are mostly physically added rather than chemically bonded during production, they are easily released from products and enter the environment. Current monitoring shows that TCEP, TCIPP, and TDCPP have become commonly detected pollutants in the atmosphere, water bodies, sediments, and soil. Among them, TCIPP has seen rapid growth in usage as a substitute for TCEP. In Beijing's urban surface water, its detection rate reached 99.4%, with an average concentration of 291 ng / L, accounting for 30.5% of total OPEs. In farmland soil, its concentration reached 401 μg / kg, accounting for 39.6%. Furthermore, in studies related to electronic waste dismantling areas, plastic recycling areas, and farmland soil in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, these three chlorinated OPEs are frequently reported as major pollutants. Toxicological studies have shown that TCEP is carcinogenic, neurotoxic, and has reproductive hazards, and is currently restricted in many countries. The substitute TCIPP is also unsafe, adversely affecting cell proliferation and neural differentiation, irritating the skin and eyes, and accumulating in the liver and kidneys; it is considered a potential carcinogen. The metabolites of TDCPP may also be converted into more toxic hydroxyl metabolites, affecting crop root metabolism. Since soil often becomes the final accumulation medium for OPEs and accumulates through atmospheric deposition, wastewater irrigation, and other means, it is imperative to strengthen research on soil pollution control and remediation technologies for chlorinated OPEs such as TCEP, TCIPP, and TDCPP.
[0003] Current research on OPE reduction technologies mainly focuses on chemical oxidation and microbial degradation methods. For example, existing studies have utilized pyrite-activated persulfate to degrade TCEP, or employed thermocatalytic potassium persulfate and UV-irradiated hydrogen peroxide to oxidize and degrade TCEP and tributyl phosphate (TBP). In terms of microbial degradation, strains capable of degrading triphenyl phosphate (TPP) or TBP have been screened from contaminated environments. However, existing research still has significant limitations. On the one hand, most work focuses on certain OPEs such as TCEP and TBP, paying insufficient attention to TCIPP and TDCPP, which are widely detected in the environment. In particular, TCIPP differs significantly in structure and properties from TCEP, making existing methods potentially unsuitable. On the other hand, existing degradation experiments are mostly conducted in pure systems, and their effectiveness in actual soil environments, especially contaminated farmland, remains unclear. Furthermore, oxidation methods relying on thermocatalysis and UV radiation are primarily suitable for ex-situ remediation and are ill-suited for addressing the large-scale and widely distributed contamination of chlorinated OPEs in farmland soils.
[0004] Therefore, for soils contaminated with chlorinated OPEs such as TCEP, TCIPP, and TDCPP, there is an urgent need to develop bioremediation technologies applicable to in-situ, large-scale farmland, among which phytoremediation holds significant potential. Plants can reduce organic pollutants through multiple pathways, including root absorption, secretion of degrading enzymes, and enhancement of rhizosphere microorganisms. Although there is considerable research on phytoremediation of traditional pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides, reports on chlorinated OPEs such as TCEP, TCIPP, and TDCPP, which have vastly different structural properties, are still lacking. Furthermore, to reduce the risk of pollutant transmission through the food chain, selecting energy plants as remediation materials is a feasible direction, as they can both remediate soil and provide raw materials for bioenergy, thus offering both environmental and resource benefits. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for utilizing Jerusalem artichoke (a plant that can be used as an energy source). Helianthus tuberosus L.) Methods for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family: Jerusalem artichoke is planted in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. During its growth, the plant degrades, removes, or significantly reduces the levels of chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the soil through the synergistic effect of absorption and root secretion.
[0007] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), a plant of the Asteraceae family, is used to plant Jerusalem artichoke in soil contaminated with tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate at concentrations of 0.1-10 mg / kg.
[0008] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), involves soaking Jerusalem artichoke seed tubers in water for 20-30 minutes before sowing, then soaking them in a 2-3% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for 8-12 hours, and finally rinsing them with distilled water 3-5 times.
[0009] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), involves planting treated Jerusalem artichoke seed tubers in the soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates at a plant spacing of 40-50 cm and a row spacing of 50-70 cm, at a sowing depth of 8-10 cm, and covering the seeds with 5-6 cm of soil and compacting the soil.
[0010] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), requires watering Jerusalem artichokes during their growth process to keep the soil moisture content at 60-80% of field capacity (field capacity refers to the highest soil moisture content that the soil can stably maintain, expressed as a percentage of soil volume).
[0011] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), involves planting or continuously planting Jerusalem artichoke in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. Jerusalem artichoke utilizes its own growth process, root-secreted enzymes, small-molecule organic acids, and rhizosphere microbial system to jointly degrade, remediate, or remove chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate from the soil until the content of chlorinated organophosphates in the soil reaches environmental safety standards.
[0012] Jerusalem artichoke (Jerusalem artichoke) used in this invention Helianthus tuberosus Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Helianthus in the family Asteraceae. The plant is tall, with erect, robust stems reaching 1.5 to 3 meters in height; the leaves are ovate-elliptic or cordate-ovate, opposite, rough, and serrated along the edges. Jerusalem artichoke is a highly adaptable crop, tolerant of poor soil and saline-alkali conditions. In the field of bioenergy, Jerusalem artichoke, due to its tubers being rich in fermentable sugars (inulin), is a potential high-quality raw material for the production of bioethanol or methane. Its entire biomass can also be utilized for energy through thermochemical conversion, making it an energy plant with comprehensive development value.
[0013] The advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention involves planting Jerusalem artichokes in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates, using Jerusalem artichokes, an energy plant, to remediate chlorinated organophosphate-contaminated soil. This method has advantages such as low investment, low technical requirements, and applicability to in-situ remediation. Moreover, as a potential high-quality raw material for the production of bioethanol or methane, planting Jerusalem artichokes not only effectively reduces the content of chlorinated organophosphates in the soil but also prevents chlorinated organophosphates from entering the food chain through plants and thus harming human health. Simultaneously, it can provide raw materials for the production of bioenergy. 2. This invention involves planting Jerusalem artichokes in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. When the concentrations of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the soil are 0.1-10 mg / kg, Jerusalem artichokes can grow normally. Moreover, Jerusalem artichokes effectively reduce the content of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the contaminated soil through the synergistic effect of their capillary root system and rhizosphere microorganisms. Ninety days after planting, the reduction rates of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the rhizosphere soil reached as high as 89.4%, 94.5%, and 90.6%, respectively. In non-rhizosphere soil, the reduction rates of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate also reached 75.5%, 88.4%, and 81.3%, respectively. In contrast, the reduction rates of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the control soil without plants were only 10.4%, 15.1%, and 11.3%, respectively. Experiments have shown that Jerusalem artichoke effectively reduces the content of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in polluted soil through the synergistic effect of its capillary root system and rhizosphere microorganisms. This demonstrates that Jerusalem artichoke has strong tolerance and high degradation capacity for chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate. 3. This invention utilizes energy plants that can be used to produce bioethanol or methane to remediate soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. It not only reduces the concentration of chlorinated organophosphates in the soil and effectively improves soil environmental quality, but also provides raw materials for the production of bioethanol or methane. More importantly, the energy plants used for soil remediation effectively prevent pollutants from entering the food chain through the plants and thus harming human health, minimizing potential secondary pollution problems during soil remediation. Therefore, screening energy plants capable of degrading chlorinated organophosphates and promoting their application is feasible.
[0014] In summary, this invention involves planting Jerusalem artichokes in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. Utilizing the combined effects of the plant's own growth process, root-secreted enzymes, small-molecule organic acids, and the rhizosphere microbial system, it effectively removes chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate from the soil. By continuously planting this plant and repeating the above steps, the levels of these chlorinated organophosphates in the contaminated soil can be continuously reduced until their concentrations meet environmental safety standards. This method offers advantages such as low investment, minimal technical requirements, applicability to in-situ remediation of contaminated soil, no secondary pollution, and the ability to provide raw materials for bioenergy production while simultaneously remediating contaminated soil. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 Biomass diagrams of the aboveground and belowground parts of Jerusalem artichokes after 90 days in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates and blank control soil, provided for embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 The graph shows the contents of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the aboveground and underground parts of Jerusalem artichokes after 90 days of planting in chlorinated organophosphate contaminated soil and blank control soil, as provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 The graph shows the reduction rates of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils and in a control soil without plants after Jerusalem artichokes were planted in chlorinated organophosphate soil for 90 days, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0016] A method utilizing Jerusalem artichoke (a plant in the Asteraceae family) Helianthus tuberosus Methods for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates (L.) mainly include: Jerusalem artichoke, a plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, is planted in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. During its growth, the plant degrades, removes, or significantly reduces the levels of chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the soil through the synergistic effect of absorption and root secretion.
[0017] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), involves soaking Jerusalem artichoke seed tubers in water for 20-30 minutes before sowing, then soaking them in a 2-3% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for 8-12 hours, and finally rinsing them with distilled water 3-5 times.
[0018] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), involves planting treated Jerusalem artichoke seed tubers in the soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates at a plant spacing of 40-50 cm and a row spacing of 50-70 cm, at a sowing depth of 8-10 cm, and covering the seeds with 5-6 cm of soil and compacting the soil.
[0019] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), requires watering Jerusalem artichokes during their growth process to keep the soil moisture content at 60-80% of field capacity (field capacity refers to the highest soil moisture content that the soil can stably maintain, expressed as a percentage of soil volume).
[0020] The method described above for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), involves planting or continuously planting Jerusalem artichoke in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. Jerusalem artichoke utilizes its own growth process, root-secreted enzymes, small-molecule organic acids, and rhizosphere microbial system to jointly degrade, remediate, or remove chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate from the soil until the content of chlorinated organophosphates in the soil reaches environmental safety standards. Example
[0021] The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Shenyang University. The experimental soils included a blank control soil and soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. The blank control soil was collected from farmland in Shenbei New District, Shenyang City. Its basic physicochemical properties were as follows: pH 7, soil organic matter content 14.7 g / kg, total nitrogen content 0.65 g / kg, and contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium were 46.8, 33.6, and 69.3 mg / kg, respectively. The background values for tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate were 0.011, 0.029, and 0.015, respectively. The soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates was prepared from blank control soil by adding tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate standards. After aging for 6 months, the contents of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate were 8.5, 9.3, and 9.6 mg / kg, respectively. Jerusalem artichoke planting involved soaking Jerusalem artichoke tubers in water for 20-30 min, then soaking them in a 2-3% potassium permanganate solution for 8-12 h, rinsing them 3-5 times with distilled water, and then sowing the treated tubers in the experimental soil at a plant spacing of 40-50 cm, a row spacing of 50-70 cm, and a sowing depth of 8-10 cm. After sowing, the tubers were covered with 5-6 cm of soil and compacted. The experiment included a blank control group (Jerusalem artichokes planted in blank control soil) and a no-plant control group (soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates without any plants). Each treatment had 20 Jerusalem artichoke seed tubers sown, and after they stabilized, the seedlings were thinned to 10 plants per treatment. During the growing season, the plants were irrigated with pure water. Irrigation frequency and volume were controlled to prevent the loss of chlorinated organophosphates from the soil. Ninety days after planting, the aboveground and belowground parts of the plants were harvested, and rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples, as well as soil samples from the no-plant control, were collected. The contents of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the plants and soil were determined.
[0022] The contents of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in soil were determined by ultrasonic extraction and gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS / MS). 5 g of freeze-dried soil sample was accurately weighed and placed in a polytetrafluoroethylene centrifuge tube. 10 ng of the internal standard tri-n-butyl deuterated phosphate (TnBP-) was added. d 27Stir well; then add 20 mL of a 1:1 mixture of n-hexane and acetone, vortex for 3 min, sonicate for 20 min, centrifuge at 5000 r / min for 10 min, and collect the supernatant; repeat the above process once, then transfer the supernatant collected twice to a heart-shaped flask, rotary evaporate to near dryness, and dilute to 1 mL with chromatographically pure n-hexane for GC-MS / MS analysis.
[0023] The contents of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in plants were determined by matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction and gas chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS / MS). 0.5 g of plant sample, crushed using a high-speed tissue homogenizer, was accurately weighed and placed in a glass mortar; 20 ng of the internal standard tri-n-butyl deuterated phosphate (TnBP-) was added. d 27 2 g of Florisil, 2 g of anhydrous sodium sulfate, and 0.1 g of graphitized carbon black were ground evenly. The evenly ground mixture was transferred to an empty solid-phase extraction column with a sieve plate already placed inside. The sieve plate was covered and compacted with a syringe plunger. The mortar and pestle were washed three times with a 1:1 (v / v) hexane-acetone mixture. The mixture was then transferred to the solid-phase extraction column to elute the target compound. The eluent was collected and concentrated to near dryness by nitrogen blowing at room temperature. The eluent was then brought to a final volume of 1 mL with chromatographically pure hexane for GC-MS / MS analysis.
[0024] Figure 1 This study investigated the aboveground and underground biomass of Jerusalem artichokes after 90 days of planting in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates and in a control soil. Under chlorinated organophosphate pollution stress of 8-10 mg / kg, after 90 days of planting, compared with the control, the aboveground, underground, and total biomass of Jerusalem artichokes decreased from 321.5, 294.3, and 615.8 g to 289.4, 256.8, and 546.2 g, respectively. This indicates that while chlorinated organophosphates have a certain inhibitory effect on Jerusalem artichoke growth, they do not affect its normal growth.
[0025] Figure 2This study investigated the contents of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the aboveground and underground parts of Jerusalem artichoke 90 days after planting in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates and in a blank control soil. Under pollution stress of 8-10 mg / kg chlorinated organophosphates, after 90 days of planting, the concentrations of tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tri(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tri(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the aboveground parts of Jerusalem artichoke reached as high as 7456.8, 8945.7, and 88125.9 μg / kg, respectively. The concentrations of tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tri(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tri(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the underground parts were 2145.7, 2435.6, and 2658.4 μg / kg, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the aboveground and underground parts of Jerusalem artichoke planted in the blank control soil. This indicates that Jerusalem artichoke can absorb tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate from the soil through its roots, and then accumulate them in the aboveground parts via translocation. The enrichment coefficients of Jerusalem artichoke for tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the soil were 0.58, 0.63, and 0.58, respectively, and the translocation coefficients from the underground parts to the aboveground parts were 3.48, 3.67, and 3.06, respectively.
[0026] Figure 3 This study investigated the reduction of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere, and control soils without plants after planting Jerusalem artichokes in chlorinated organophosphate-contaminated soil for 90 days. Under pollution stress of 8-10 mg / kg chlorinated organophosphates, after 90 days of Jerusalem artichoke cultivation, the reduction rates of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the rhizosphere soil were 89.4%, 94.5%, and 90.6%, respectively. In non-rhizosphere soil, the reduction rates of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate also reached 75.5%, 88.4%, and 81.3%, respectively. In contrast, the reduction rates of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the control soil were only 10.4%, 15.1%, and 11.3%, respectively. This indicates that Jerusalem artichoke effectively reduces the content of chlorinated organophosphates in polluted soil by utilizing its capillary root system and the synergistic effect of rhizosphere microorganisms.
[0027] Experiments show that Jerusalem artichoke has strong tolerance and high degradation capacity to pollution by tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate. When Jerusalem artichoke is planted or continuously planted in soils contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, Jerusalem artichoke utilizes its own growth process, root-secreted enzymes, small-molecule organic acids, and rhizosphere microorganisms to jointly degrade, repair, or remove tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate from the soil until the content of tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the soil reaches the environmental safety standard.
Claims
1. A method for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus annuus), characterized in that: Jerusalem artichoke, a plant of the Asteraceae family, was planted in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates. During its growth, the plant degraded, removed, or significantly reduced the levels of chlorinated organophosphates such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the soil through the synergistic effect of absorption and root secretion. When planting Jerusalem artichokes, water them irregularly to keep the soil moisture content at 60-80% of field capacity. The concentrations of tri(2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tri(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, and tri(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate in the contaminated soil were 0.1-10 mg / kg, respectively.
2. The method for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (a plant in the Asteraceae family) according to claim 1, characterized in that: Soak Jerusalem artichoke tubers in water for 20-30 minutes, then soak them in a 2-3% potassium permanganate solution for 8-12 hours, and then rinse them with distilled water 3-5 times.
3. The method for remediating soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates using Jerusalem artichoke (a plant in the Asteraceae family) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The treated Jerusalem artichoke seed tubers were sown in soil contaminated with chlorinated organophosphates at a plant spacing of 40-50cm and a row spacing of 50-70cm, with a sowing depth of 8-10cm. After sowing, the tubers were covered with 5-6cm of soil and compacted.