Adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device and breaking optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device and a breaking optimization method, relates to the technical field of metal material preparation, and aims at solving the problem that a graphite plug falls into a casting mold and a breaking mechanism to interfere liquid flow in the graphite plug breaking process of an existing breaking device. The through-wall type terminal device comprises a connecting cross beam connected with the action end of the air cylinder, longitudinal connecting rods are fixedly connected to the two sides of the connecting cross beam, the other ends of the longitudinal connecting rods are connected with longitudinal positioning rods, and a plurality of through holes are evenly distributed in the longitudinal positioning rods and used for connecting and fixing cross rods. Meanwhile, the invention further provides a method for optimizing the breaking process by applying the adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device, by means of the method, in the breaking process, the device skims over the position below a graphite crucible sprue gate in the shortest time, and no redundant action path or redundant structure interferes with liquid flow after breaking.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of metal material preparation, and particularly relates to a breakable graphite plug device for a crucible and a breakage optimization method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the brittleness and machinability of graphite, graphite can be processed into some complex shapes that can be precisely assembled. Graphite crucibles and graphite plugs with blind hole structures can be assembled for use to realize a bottom pouring type crucible structure controlled by a one-time graphite plug. The graphite plug has a groove structure, which is used to accurately control the breaking position of the graphite plug when the graphite plug is hit by an external force. After the graphite plug is broken by the external force, the original blind hole structure becomes a through hole, and the metal melt in the crucible can flow out along the through hole. The above structure is widely used in small batch melting and casting processes of metals with relatively active chemical properties.

[0003] In the prior art, a straight or horizontal sweeping impact force is usually applied to break the graphite plug in the bottom pouring crucible by using a manually or automatically driven rod-shaped mechanical structure. In actual application, the breaking mechanism has some problems: when the force application position of the breaking mechanism is incorrect, the broken graphite plug has a rotating effect, and the horizontal displacement during falling is small, which can easily fall into the lower casting mold and contaminate the casting; when the structure design and movement trajectory of the breaking mechanism are unreasonable or the action speed is too slow, the metal liquid flowing downward can be interfered, and the liquid can be splashed. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a breakable graphite plug device for a crucible and a breakage optimization method, which can solve the problems of graphite plug falling into the casting mold and liquid flow interference caused by the breaking mechanism during the breaking process of the graphite plug.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the application to solve the technical problem is: a breakable graphite plug device for a crucible, wherein the device comprises: a connecting cross beam connected with the action end of a pneumatic cylinder, two longitudinal connecting rods fixedly connected to the two sides of the connecting cross beam, a longitudinal positioning rod connected to the other end of the longitudinal connecting rod, and a plurality of through holes uniformly distributed on the longitudinal positioning rod for the connection and fixation of the cross rod.

[0006] The breakable graphite plug device for a crucible, wherein the action end of the pneumatic cylinder is designed in a rod shape, the end thereof is aligned with the geometric center of the connecting cross beam, and the two are connected and fixed by welding.

[0007] The breakable graphite plug device for a crucible, wherein the two ends of the connecting cross beam are symmetrically provided with a two-order through hole structure for assembling with the two longitudinal connecting rods, one end of the longitudinal connecting rod passes through the through hole on the connecting cross beam, and the longitudinal connecting rod is fixed by a connecting rod fixing nut.

[0008] In the aforementioned adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device, the other end of the longitudinal positioning rod and the longitudinal connecting rod are fixedly connected by welding, and the angle between them is 15-30° downward from the horizontal direction of the longitudinal connecting rod.

[0009] In the aforementioned adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device, the two ends of the crossbar pass through the through holes of the longitudinal positioning rods on both sides and are fastened by the crossbar fixing nut.

[0010] A method for optimizing the breaking process using an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device, wherein the method includes:

[0011] Step 1: Measure the dimensions of the graphite plug used in the crucible, including the maximum diameter d of the graphite plug and the height difference h2 between the bottom end and the fracture surface;

[0012] Step 2: Determine the number and position of the crossbars to be installed based on the specifications and dimensions of the graphite plug used in the crucible;

[0013] Step 3: Install and fix the crossbar in the through holes of the two longitudinal positioning rods on both sides. After tightening with the crossbar fixing nuts, insert both ends of the longitudinal connecting rod into the stepped through holes of the connecting beam and tighten with the connecting rod fixing nuts to complete the installation of the breaking device.

[0014] Step four: Conduct a trial run of the equipment. After confirming that the equipment can be used normally, load crucibles and metal into the smelting equipment and start the smelting work.

[0015] Step 5: After melting is complete, start the cylinder so that the cylinder's actuating end drives the graphite plug breaking device to break the graphite plug and keep the cylinder's actuating end in the extended state. After casting is complete, reset the cylinder.

[0016] Step six: After the furnace is removed from the furnace, check whether there is any molten splashing or whether any graphite plugs have fallen into the mold.

[0017] The above-mentioned method for optimizing the breaking process using an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device, wherein the determination of the number and position of the crossbars in step two includes:

[0018] Step 2.1: To prevent the broken graphite plug from getting stuck in the gap between the crossbar and the crucible after being broken, the minimum gap h0 between the top of the crossbar and the bottom of the crucible must be greater than the maximum diameter d of the graphite plug.

[0019] Step 2.2: To avoid violent rotation of the graphite plug after it is broken, the distance h1 from the first point of force application of the graphite plug to the fracture surface during the breaking process and the distance h2 from the bottom of the graphite plug to the fracture surface are related as follows: 0mm≤h1-0.5*h2≤5mm.

[0020] Step 2.3: To ensure that the graphite plug has sufficient horizontal displacement after being broken, the total width L of the working surface formed by the installed crossbars should be equal to the distance h1 from the first stress point of the graphite plug to the fracture.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Firstly, the device is driven by a cylinder, resulting in stable breaking speed and impact force. During the breaking process, the mechanism passes under the graphite crucible pouring port in the shortest possible time, and after breaking, there are no extra movement paths or redundant structures interfering with the liquid flow. Secondly, the crossbar, serving as the impact structure, is fixed in a detachable manner. The breaking device has multiple positioning screw holes, allowing adjustment of the impact height by changing the positioning screw holes of the crossbar. Finally, by fixing several crossbars side-by-side, an action surface with a certain slope can be formed, which can limit the rotation of the graphite plug after breaking and forcibly increase the horizontal displacement distance of the graphite plug, ensuring that the graphite plug will not fall into the mold. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Fig. 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the use of the adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device of the present invention.

[0023] Fig. 2 The image shown is a front view of an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device according to the present invention.

[0024] Fig. 3 The image shown is a top view of an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device according to the present invention.

[0025] The following are the reference numerals: 1. Cylinder; 2. Connecting beam; 3. Longitudinal connecting rod; 4. Connecting rod fixing nut; 5. Longitudinal positioning rod; 6. Crossbar; 7. Crossbar fixing nut; 8. Graphite plug; 9. Crucible. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To address the problems of graphite plugs falling into the mold and interference with molten metal flow during graphite plug breaking in existing breaking devices, this invention provides an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device and an optimized breaking method. The device is ejected and held by cylinder 1. After the graphite plug 8 is broken, the molten metal flows downwards through the square gap formed by the ejection mechanism. Once the molten metal has flowed out completely, the control switch is closed, and the device resets. Figs. 1-3As shown, the device includes: a cylinder 1 that provides driving force to the device pneumatically; a connecting beam 2 connected to the actuating end of the cylinder 1; the actuating end of the cylinder 1 is designed as a rod, and its end is aligned with the geometric center of the connecting beam 2; the two are connected and fixed by welding. The connecting beam 2 is made of heat-resistant stainless steel plate, and its two ends are symmetrically provided with a two-stage through-hole structure for assembly with two longitudinal connecting rods 3. The longitudinal connecting rods 3 are fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting beam 2. The longitudinal connecting rods 3 are made of heat-resistant stainless steel rods, and one end of the longitudinal connecting rod 3 is threaded, passing through the through hole on the connecting beam 2, and is fixed by a stainless steel connecting rod fixing nut 4.

[0027] The other end of the longitudinal connecting rod 3 is connected to the longitudinal positioning rod 5. The longitudinal positioning rod 5 is made of heat-resistant stainless steel and has several through holes evenly distributed on it, preferably 10, for connecting and fixing the crossbar 6. The longitudinal positioning rod 5 and the other end of the longitudinal connecting rod 3 are fixedly connected by welding, with the angle between them being 15-30° downward from the horizontal direction of the longitudinal connecting rod 3. The crossbar 6 is made of a reactive metal rod, specifically an alloy of the same smelting process or a high-melting-point metal element involved. Both ends of the crossbar 6 are threaded, and both ends pass through the through holes of the longitudinal positioning rod 5 on both sides, and are fastened by stainless steel crossbar fixing nuts 7.

[0028] A method for optimizing the breaking process using an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device, the method comprising:

[0029] Step 1: Measure the dimensions of the graphite plug used in the crucible, including the maximum diameter d of the graphite plug 8 and the height difference h2 between the bottom end and the fracture surface;

[0030] Step 2: Determine the number and position of the crossbars 6 to be installed based on the specifications and dimensions of the graphite plug used in the crucible;

[0031] The specific steps are as follows: Step 2.1: In order to prevent the broken graphite plug 8 from being stuck in the gap between the crossbar 6 and the crucible 9 after being broken, it should be ensured that the minimum gap h0 between the top of the crossbar 6 and the bottom of the crucible 9 is greater than the maximum diameter d of the graphite plug 8.

[0032] Step 2.2: To prevent the graphite plug 8 from rotating violently after breaking, the distance h1 from the first point of force application of the graphite plug 8 to the fracture surface and the distance h2 from the bottom of the graphite plug 8 to the fracture surface during the breaking process are related as follows: 0mm≤h1-0.5*h2≤5mm.

[0033] Step 2.3: To ensure that the graphite plug 8 has sufficient horizontal displacement after being broken, the total width L of the working surface formed by the installed crossbars 6 should be close to the distance h1 from the first stress point of the graphite plug 8 to the break, that is, l≈h1.

[0034] Step 3: Install and fix the crossbar 6 in the through holes of the two longitudinal positioning rods 5 on both sides. After tightening with the crossbar fixing nut 7, insert both ends of the longitudinal connecting rod 3 into the stepped through holes of the connecting beam 2 and tighten with the connecting rod fixing nut 4 to complete the installation of the breaking device.

[0035] Step 4: Conduct a trial run of the equipment. After confirming that the equipment can be used normally, load crucible 9 and metal into the smelting equipment and start the smelting work.

[0036] Step 5: After melting is completed, start cylinder 1 so that the actuating end of cylinder 1 drives the graphite plug breaking device to break the graphite plug 8 and keeps the actuating end of cylinder 1 in the extended state. After casting is completed, reset cylinder 1.

[0037] Step six: After the furnace is removed from the furnace, check whether there is any molten splashing or whether any graphite plugs have fallen into the mold.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] The target alloy for smelting was determined to be a zirconium-containing binary alloy. Measurements showed the graphite plug in the crucible to be used had a diameter of 15mm and a total length of 80mm from the fracture to the bottom. Four pure zirconium crossbars 6 were installed side-by-side, positioned from the 6th to the 10th hole from top to bottom. The crossbars 6 were then fixed in the through holes of the two longitudinal positioning rods 5 on both sides, and secured with crossbar fixing nuts 7. The screws at both ends of the longitudinal connecting rods 3 of the secured mechanism were inserted into the stepped through holes of the connecting beam 2, and secured with connecting rod fixing nuts 4, completing the installation of the breaking device. After a trial run to confirm the device's normal operation, the crucible 9 and metal were loaded into the smelting equipment, and smelting began. After smelting, cylinder 1 was activated to drive the breaking device to break the graphite plug 8. After casting was completed, cylinder 1 was reset. A post-furnace inspection confirmed no molten metal splashing and that the graphite plug had not fallen into the mold.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The target alloy for smelting was determined to be a titanium-containing binary alloy. Measurements showed the graphite plug in the crucible to be used had a diameter of 20mm and a total length from the fracture to the bottom of 60mm. Three pure titanium crossbars 6 were installed side-by-side, positioned from the 5th to the 7th hole from top to bottom. The crossbars 6 were then fixed in the through holes of the two longitudinal positioning rods 5 on both sides, and secured with crossbar fixing nuts 7. The screws at both ends of the longitudinal connecting rods 3 of the secured mechanism were inserted into the stepped through holes of the connecting beam 2, and secured with connecting rod fixing nuts 4, completing the installation of the breaking device. After a trial run to confirm the device's normal operation, the crucible 9 and metal were loaded into the smelting equipment, and smelting began. After smelting, cylinder 1 was activated to drive the breaking device to break the graphite plug 8. After casting was completed, cylinder 1 was reset. A post-furnace inspection confirmed no molten metal splashing and that the graphite plug had not fallen into the mold.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] The target alloy for smelting was determined to be a titanium-containing binary alloy. Measurements showed the graphite plug in the crucible to be used had a diameter of 15mm and a total length of 70mm from the fracture to the bottom. Four pure titanium crossbars 6 were installed side-by-side, positioned from the 4th to the 7th hole from top to bottom. The crossbars 6 were then fixed in the through holes of the two longitudinal positioning rods 5 on both sides, and secured with crossbar fixing nuts 7. The screws at both ends of the longitudinal connecting rods 3 of the secured mechanism were inserted into the stepped through holes of the connecting beam 2, and secured with connecting rod fixing nuts 4, completing the installation of the breaking device. After a trial run to confirm the device's normal operation, the crucible 9 and metal were loaded into the smelting equipment, and smelting began. After smelting, cylinder 1 was activated to drive the breaking device to break the graphite plug 8. After casting was completed, cylinder 1 was reset. A post-furnace inspection confirmed no molten metal splashing and that the graphite plug had not fallen into the mold.

[0044] It should be noted that the combination of the technical features in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to the combination methods described in the embodiments of the present invention or the combination methods described in the specific embodiments. All technical features described in the present invention can be freely combined or combined in any way, unless there is a contradiction between them.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device, characterized in that, The device includes: a connecting beam (2) connected to the actuating end of the cylinder (1), with longitudinal connecting rods (3) fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting beam (2), and the other end of the longitudinal connecting rod (3) connected to the longitudinal positioning rod (5). The longitudinal positioning rod (5) has several through holes evenly distributed on it for connecting and fixing the crossbar (6).

2. The adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actuating end of the cylinder (1) is designed as a rod, and its end is aligned with the geometric center of the connecting beam (2). The two are connected and fixed by welding.

3. The adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the connecting beam (2) are symmetrically provided with a two-stage through hole structure for assembly with two longitudinal connecting rods (3). One end of the longitudinal connecting rod (3) passes through the through hole on the connecting beam (2) and is fixed by the connecting rod fixing nut (4).

4. The adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The longitudinal positioning rod (5) and the other end of the longitudinal connecting rod (3) are fixedly connected by welding, and the angle between them is 15-30° downward from the horizontal direction of the longitudinal connecting rod (3).

5. The adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the crossbar (6) pass through the through holes of the longitudinal positioning rods (5) on both sides and are fastened by the crossbar fixing nuts (7).

6. A method for optimizing the breaking process using an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device, characterized in that, The method includes: Step 1: Measure the dimensions of the graphite plug used in the crucible, including the maximum diameter d of the graphite plug (8) and the height difference h2 between the bottom end and the fracture surface; Step 2: Determine the number and position of the crossbars (6) based on the specifications and dimensions of the graphite plugs used in the crucible; Step 3: Install and fix the crossbar (6) in the through holes of the two longitudinal positioning rods (5) on both sides. After tightening with the crossbar fixing nut (7), insert both ends of the longitudinal connecting rod (3) into the stepped through holes of the connecting beam (2) and tighten with the connecting rod fixing nut (4) to complete the installation of the breaking device. Step 4: Test run the device to ensure it can be used normally. Then, load the crucible (9) and metal into the smelting equipment and start the smelting work. Step 5: After melting is completed, start cylinder (1) so that the cylinder (1) driving the graphite plug breaking device to break the graphite plug (8) and keep the cylinder (1) in the extended state. After casting is completed, reset cylinder (1). Step six: After the furnace is removed from the furnace, check whether there is any molten splashing or whether any graphite plugs have fallen into the mold.

7. A method for optimizing the breaking process using an adjustable crucible graphite plug breaking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The determination of the assembly quantity and assembly position of the crossbar (6) in step two includes: Step 2.1: To prevent the broken graphite plug (8) from getting stuck in the gap between the crossbar (6) and the crucible (9) after being broken, the minimum gap h0 between the top of the crossbar (6) and the bottom of the crucible (9) must be greater than the maximum diameter d of the graphite plug (8). Step 2.2: To avoid the graphite plug (8) from rotating violently after being broken, the distance h1 from the first point of force on the graphite plug (8) to the fracture surface during the breaking process and the distance h2 from the bottom of the graphite plug (8) to the fracture surface are related as follows: 0mm≤h1-0.5*h2≤5mm. Step 2.3: To ensure that the graphite plug (8) has sufficient horizontal displacement after being broken, the total width L of the working surface formed by the installed crossbars (6) should be equal to the distance h1 from the first stress point of the graphite plug (8) to the break.

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