Organic electroluminescent materials and devices

Abstract

The invention relates to organic electroluminescent materials and devices. The present invention relates to a compound (LA) M (LB) comprising a structure of formula I, and at least one structure of formula II, in which compound each of moieties A and B is a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system; each of Z1, Z2, and X1 to X11 is independently C or N; at least one of X4 to X11 is N; y is O, S or Se; y1, A1 and A2 are monatomic linkers; each of L1 and L2 is a direct bond or linker; m is Pt or Pd; each of K, K1 to K3 is a direct bond or linker; and each R substituent is hydrogen or a universal substituent as defined herein; and any two substituents can be fused or joined to form a ring. Formulations, OLEDs, and consumer products containing the compounds are also provided.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference of related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 680,242, filed August 7, 2024, pursuant to 35 U.S. SC §119(e), the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to organic or metal coordination compounds and formulations and their various uses, including as emitters, sensitizers, charge transporters or exciton transporters in devices such as organic light-emitting diodes and related electronic devices and consumer products. Background Technology

[0004] For various reasons, optoelectronic devices utilizing organic materials are becoming increasingly popular. Many of the materials used to manufacture these devices are relatively inexpensive, thus organic optoelectronic devices have the potential to offer a cost advantage over inorganic devices. Furthermore, the inherent properties of organic materials, such as their flexibility, make them more suitable for specific applications, such as fabrication on flexible substrates. Examples of organic optoelectronic devices include organic light-emitting diodes / devices (OLEDs), organic phototransistors, organic photovoltaic cells, organic scintillators, and organic photodetectors. For OLEDs, organic materials can offer performance advantages over conventional materials.

[0005] OLEDs utilize organic thin films that emit light when a voltage is applied to the device. OLEDs are becoming an increasingly popular technology for applications such as displays, lighting, and backlighting.

[0006] One application of emitting molecules is in full-color displays. Industry standards for such displays require pixels suited to emitting specific colors (called "saturated" colors). Specifically, these standards require pixels saturated with red, green, and blue light. Alternatively, OLEDs can be designed to emit white light. In conventional liquid crystal displays, absorption filters are used to filter the emission from a white backlight to produce red, green, and blue emission. The same technology can be used for OLEDs. White OLEDs can be single-emitting-layer (EML) devices or stacked structures. Color can be measured using the CIE coordinate system, well-known in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In one aspect, this disclosure provides a compound (L A )M(L B Its structure includes formula I.

[0008] The compound comprises at least one structure of formula II. In these structures:

[0009] Each of Part A and Part B is independently a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring.

[0010] Z 1 Z 2 and X 1 To X 11 Each of them is independently C or N;

[0011] X 4 To X 11 At least one of them is N;

[0012] Y can be selected from the following groups: O, S, and Se;

[0013] Y 1 Choose independently from the following groups: C, N, O, S, Se, P, and As;

[0014] If Y 1 If it is O, S, or Se, then A 2 R 2 and R 3 It does not exist;

[0015] A 1 and A 2 Each of them is independently selected from the following groups: C, Si, N, B, P, and As;

[0016] L 1 and L 2 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct bond, BR, BRR', NR, PR, P(O)R, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR', C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', GeRR', and any combination of any two of these;

[0017] M is either Pt or Pd;

[0018] K, K 1 To K 3 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct key, O, S, N(R) α ), P(R α ), B(R) α ), C(R α (R) β ) and Si(R α (R) β );

[0019] Each Indicates a single bond or a double bond;

[0020] R A R B R C R G and R H Each of these terms independently represents a single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution.

[0021] Each R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Independently, it is hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boranalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, selenyl and combinations thereof; and

[0022] Any two substituents can fused or joined to form a ring.

[0023] In another aspect, this disclosure provides a formulation comprising a compound having the structure of Formula I as defined herein (L A )M(L B ).

[0024] In another aspect, this disclosure provides an OLED having an organic layer comprising a compound having the structure of Formula I as defined herein (L A )M(L B ).

[0025] In another aspect, this disclosure provides a consumer product comprising an OLED having an organic layer, the organic layer comprising a compound having a structure of Formula I as defined herein (L... A )M(L B ). Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 An organic light-emitting device is shown.

[0027] Figure 2 An inverted organic light-emitting device without an independent electron transport layer is demonstrated.

[0028] Figure 3A comparison of the normalized PL spectra of compound 1 of the present invention and comparative compound 1 in PMMA is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0029] A. Terminology

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, the following terms as used herein are defined as follows:

[0031] As used herein, "top" means furthest from the substrate, and "bottom" means closest to the substrate. When the first layer is described as being "placed" "above" the second layer, the first layer is placed further away from the substrate. Unless specified that the first layer "contacts" the second layer, other layers may exist between the first and second layers. For example, even if various organic layers exist between the cathode and anode, the cathode may still be described as being "placed" "above" the anode.

[0032] As used herein, “solution-handleable” means capable of dissolving, dispersing or transporting in and / or depositing from a liquid medium in the form of a solution or suspension.

[0033] As used herein, and as will generally be understood by those skilled in the art, if the first energy level is closer to the vacuum level, then the first "Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital" (HOMO) or "Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital" (LUMO) level is "greater than" or "higher than" the second HOMO or LUMO level. Since the ionization potential (IP) is measured as a negative energy relative to the vacuum level, a higher HOMO level corresponds to an IP with a smaller absolute value (less negative IP). Similarly, a higher LUMO level corresponds to an electron affinity (EA) with a smaller absolute value (less negative EA). On a conventional energy level diagram with the vacuum level at the top, the LUMO levels of a material are higher than the HOMO levels of the same material. "Higher" HOMO or LUMO levels appear to be closer to the top of this diagram than "lower" HOMO or LUMO levels.

[0034] As used herein, and as will generally be understood by those skilled in the art, if the first work function has a higher absolute value, then the first work function is “greater” or “higher” than the second work function. This is because the work function is typically measured as a negative number relative to the vacuum level, meaning that the “higher” work function is more negative. On a conventional energy level diagram with the vacuum level at the top, the “higher” work function is illustrated as being farther from the vacuum level in the downward direction. Therefore, the definitions of HOMO and LUMO levels follow different rules than those for the work function.

[0035] This document may describe light emission regions by referring to the color of the light emitted by layers, materials, areas, and devices. Generally, as used herein, an emitting region that produces a particular color of light may include one or more emitting layers arranged in a stacked manner on top of each other.

[0036] As used herein, “NIR,” “red,” “green,” “blue,” and “yellow” layers, materials, regions, or devices refer to layers, materials, regions, or devices that emit light in the wavelength ranges of approximately 700–1500 nm, 580–700 nm, 500–600 nm, 400–500 nm, and 540–600 nm, respectively, or layers, materials, regions, or devices that have the highest emission spectral peak in the corresponding wavelength regions. In some arrangements, individual regions, layers, materials, or devices may provide separate “deep blue” and “light blue” emissions. As used herein, a “deep blue” emission component refers to an emission whose peak emission wavelength is at least approximately 4 nm smaller than the peak emission wavelength of the “light blue” emission component. Typically, the peak emission wavelength of the “light blue” emission component is in the range of approximately 465–500 nm, and the peak emission wavelength of the “deep blue” emission component is in the range of approximately 400–470 nm, but these ranges may vary for some configurations.

[0037] In some arrangements, a color-changing layer is provided that converts, modifies, or alters the color of light emitted by another layer to emit light with a different wavelength. This color-changing layer can be tuned to shift the wavelength of light emitted by the other layer by a defined amount, such as by the difference between the wavelength of the emitted light and the wavelength of the resulting light. Generally, there are two types of color-changing layers: color filters that modify the spectrum by removing light of unwanted wavelengths, and color-changing layers that convert higher-energy photons into lower-energy ones. For example, a "red" filter may be present to filter input light to remove light with wavelengths outside the range of approximately 580-700 nm. The component of "color" refers to the component of light that produces or otherwise emits a specific color as described above when activated or used. For example, "a first emission region of a first color" and "a second emission region of a second color different from the first color" describe two emission regions that emit two different colors as described above when activated within the device.

[0038] As used herein, the light initially generated by a material, layer, or region is the exact opposite of the light ultimately emitted by the same or different structures, allowing the emitting materials, layers, and regions to be distinguished from each other and from other structures. Initial light generation is typically a result of energy level changes that lead to photon emission. For example, an organic emitting material may initially produce blue light, which can be converted into red or green light by a color filter, quantum dot, or other structure, causing the entire emitting stack or subpixel to emit red or green light. In this case, the initial emitting material, region, or layer may be referred to as the "blue" component, even if the subpixel is the "red" or "green" component.

[0039] In some cases, the color of components, such as the color of emitting regions, subpixels, color-changing layers, etc., can preferably be described according to 1931 CIE coordinates. For example, a yellow emitting material may have multiple peak emission wavelengths, one in or near the edge of the "green" region and one in or near the edge of the "red" region, as previously described. Therefore, as used herein, each color item also corresponds to a shape in the 1931 CIE coordinate color space. The shape in the 1931 CIE color space is constructed by tracing the trajectory between two color points and any other interior points. For example, the interior shape parameters for red, green, blue, and yellow can be defined as follows:

[0040]

[0041] The terms “halogen,” “halogen,” and “halogen group” are used interchangeably and refer to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

[0042] The term "acyl" refers to a substituted carbonyl group (-C(O)-R). s ).

[0043] The term "ester" refers to a substituted oxycarbonyl group (-OC(O)-R). s or -C(O)-OR s ) group.

[0044] The term "ether" refers to -OR s Group.

[0045] The terms "thio-" or "thioether" are used interchangeably and refer to -SR s Group.

[0046] The term "selenyl" refers to -SeR s Group.

[0047] The term "sulfinyl" refers to -S(O)-R s Group.

[0048] The term "sulfonyl" refers to -SO2-R s Group.

[0049] The term "phosphono" refers to a group containing at least one phosphorus atom bonded to the relevant structure. Common examples of phosphono groups include, but are not limited to, -P(R) s )2 group or -PO(R s )2 groups, wherein each R s They can be the same or different.

[0050] The term "silyl group" refers to a group containing at least one silicon atom bonded to the relevant structure. Common examples of silyl groups include, but are not limited to, -Si(R s )3 groups, wherein each R s They can be the same or different.

[0051] The term "germanium alkyl" refers to a group containing at least one germanium atom bonded to the relevant structure. Common examples of germanium alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, -Ge(R s )3 groups, wherein each R s They can be the same or different.

[0052] The term "boronyl" refers to a group containing at least one boron atom bonded to the relevant structure. Common examples of boronyl groups include, but are not limited to, -B(R s )2 group or its Lewis adduct -B(R s )3 groups, of which R s They can be the same or different.

[0053] In each of the above, R s It can be hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of general substituents as defined in this application. Preferred R s Selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof. More preferably, R s Choose from the following groups: alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0054] The term "alkyl" refers to and includes both straight-chain and branched alkyl groups having alkyl carbon atoms bonded to the relevant structure. Preferably, an alkyl group is an alkyl group containing one to fifteen carbon atoms, more preferably one to nine carbon atoms, and preferably includes methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,3-dimethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 2-ethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, n-hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 2-methylhexyl, 3-methylhexyl, 2,2-dimethylpentyl, 2,3-dimethylpentyl, 2,4-dimethylpentyl, 3,3-dimethylpentyl, 3-ethylpentyl, 2,2,3-trimethylbutyl, etc. Furthermore, alkyl groups can be further substituted.

[0055] The term "cycloalkyl" refers to and includes monocyclic, polycyclic, and spirocyclic alkyl groups having cycloalkyl carbon atoms bonded to the relevant structure. Preferred cycloalkyl groups are those containing 3 to 12 cyclic carbon atoms and include cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, bicyclo[3.1.1]heptyl, spiro[4.5]decyl, spiro[5.5]undecyl, adamantyl, etc. Furthermore, the cycloalkyl group may be further substituted.

[0056] The terms "heteroalkyl" or "heterocyclic alkyl" refer to an alkyl or cycloalkyl group having at least one carbon atom substituted with a heteroatom, respectively. Optionally, the at least one heteroatom is selected from O, S, N, P, B, Si, Ge, and Se, preferably O, S, or N. Furthermore, the heteroalkyl or heterocyclic alkyl group may be further substituted.

[0057] The term "alkenyl" refers to and includes both straight-chain and branched olefin groups. An alkenyl is essentially an alkyl group comprising at least one carbon-carbon double bond in an alkyl chain, wherein one carbon atom originates from a carbon-carbon double bond bonded to the associated structure. A cycloalkenyl is essentially a cycloalkyl group comprising at least one carbon-carbon double bond in a cycloalkyl ring. As used herein, the term "heteroalkenyl" refers to an alkenyl group having at least one carbon atom substituted by a heteroatom. Optionally, the at least one heteroatom is selected from O, S, N, P, B, Si, Ge, and Se, preferably O, S, or N. Preferred alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, or heteroalkenyl groups are those containing two to fifteen carbon atoms. Furthermore, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, or heteroalkenyl groups may be further substituted.

[0058] The term "alkynyl" refers to and includes both straight-chain and branched alkyne groups. An alkynyl group is essentially an alkyl group comprising at least one carbon-carbon triple bond in an alkyl chain, where one carbon atom originates from a carbon-carbon triple bond bonded to the relevant structure. Preferred alkynyl groups are those containing two to fifteen carbon atoms. Furthermore, the alkynyl group may be further substituted.

[0059] The terms "aralkyl" or "arylalkyl" are used interchangeably and refer to an aryl-substituted alkyl group having an alkyl carbon atom bonded to the relevant structure. Furthermore, aralkyl groups can be further substituted.

[0060] The term "heterocyclic group" refers to and includes aromatic and non-aromatic cyclic groups containing at least one heteroatom. Optionally, the at least one heteroatom is selected from O, S, Se, N, P, B, Si, Ge, and Se, preferably O, S, N, or B. The terms "heteroaromatic cyclic group" and "heteroaryl group" are used interchangeably. Preferred non-aromatic heterocyclic groups are those containing 3 to 10 ring atoms, preferably those containing 3 to 7 ring atoms including at least one heteroatom, and include cyclic amines such as morpholino, piperidinyl, pyrrolyl, etc., and cyclic ethers / thioethers such as tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, tetrahydrothiophene, etc. Furthermore, the heterocyclic group may be further substituted or fused.

[0061] The term "aryl" refers to and includes both monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon groups. Polycyclic groups may have two or more rings, wherein two carbons are common to two adjacent rings (the rings are "fused"). Preferred aryl groups are those containing six to thirty carbon atoms, more preferably six to twenty-four carbon atoms, six to eighteen carbon atoms, and more preferably six to twelve carbon atoms. Particularly preferred are aryl groups having six, ten, twelve, fourteen, or eighteen carbon atoms. Suitable aryl groups include phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, triphenylene, tetraphenylene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, etc. Perylene and azulene, preferably phenyl, biphenyl, biphenylene, triphenylene, and naphthalene. Additionally, the aryl group may be further substituted or fused, such as, but not limited to, fluorene.

[0062] The term "heteroaryl" refers to and includes both monocyclic aromatic groups and polycyclic aromatic ring systems having at least one heteroatom. Heteroatoms include, but are not limited to, O, S, Se, N, P, B, Si, Ge, and Se. In many cases, O, S, N, or B are preferred heteroatoms. Monocyclic heteroaromatic systems are preferably monocyclic rings having 5 or 6 ring atoms, and the rings may have one to six heteroatoms. Polycyclic heterocyclic systems may have two or more aromatic rings, wherein two atoms are common to two adjacent rings (the rings are "fused"), and at least one of the rings is a heteroaryl. Polycyclic heteroaromatic ring systems may have one to six heteroatoms in each ring. Preferred heteroaryls are those containing three to thirty carbon atoms, preferably three to twenty-four carbon atoms, three to eighteen carbon atoms, and more preferably three to twelve carbon atoms. Suitable heteroaryl groups include dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenene, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoselenene, carbazole, indolocarbazole, pyridylindole, pyrrolodipyridine, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, oxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, oxtriazole, dioxazole, thiadiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, oxazine, oxthiazine, oxadiazine, indole, benzimidazole, Indazole, indoxazine, benzoxazole, benzoisoxazole, benzothiazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, cinnamoline, quinazoline, quinoxaline, naphthidine, phthalazine, pteridine, xanthene, acridine, phenazine, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, benzofuranopyridine, furanodipyridine, benzothiophenopyridine, thiophenodipyridine, benzoselenophenopyridine, selenophenodipyridine, aziborane, cycloborane, 5λ 2 ,9λ 2 -diaza-13b-boronanaphene[2,3,4-de]anthracene, 5λ 2 -Benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[3,2-a]imidazolium and 5,9-dioxa-13b-boronazona[3,2,1-de]anthracene; preferably dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, carbazole, indolocarbazole, imidazolium, pyridine, triazine, benzimidazole, 5λ 2 ,9λ 2 -diaza-13b-boronanaphene[2,3,4-de]anthracene, 5λ 2 -Benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[3,2-a]imidazo[3,2-a]imidazo[3,2,1-de]anthracene. Additionally, heteroaryl groups can be further substituted or fused.

[0063] Among the aryl and heteroaryl groups listed above, triphenylene, naphthalene, anthracene, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenene, carbazole, indolocarbazole, imidazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, triazine, benzimidazole, and 5λ are included. 2 ,9λ 2-diaza-13b-boronanaphene[2,3,4-de]anthracene, 5λ 2 -Benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[3,2-a]imidazo, 5,9-dioxa-13b-boronazona[3,2,1-de]anthracene groups, and their corresponding aza analogs are of particular interest.

[0064] In many cases, the general substituents are selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boranalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, selenyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphin, and combinations thereof.

[0065] In some cases, preferred general substituents are selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boroalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitrile, isonitrile, thioyl, and combinations thereof.

[0066] In some cases, more preferred general substituents are selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, germanyl, boronyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitrile, thio, and combinations thereof.

[0067] In some cases, even more preferred general substituents are selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, fluorine, alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, aryl, heteroaryl, nitriles and combinations thereof.

[0068] In other cases, the most preferred general substituent is selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0069] With one or more substituents (e.g., R, R', R'', R'', R'') A R A R 1 Where R1, R2, etc., are not specifically defined, each of the one or more substituents shall be understood to independently represent hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of the general substituents defined herein. Similarly, each of the one or more substituents may optionally be coupled or fused with another substituent to form a ring. It should also be understood that any substituent that may be selected from the general substituents defined herein may also be selected from the preferred general substituents defined herein, the more preferred general substituents defined herein, the even more preferred general substituents defined herein, or the most preferred general substituents defined herein.

[0070] The terms "substituted" and "substituted" refer to substituents other than H being bonded to the relevant position, such as carbon or nitrogen. For example, when R... 1 When representing monosubstitution, then an R 1 It must not be H (i.e., substitution). Similarly, when R 1 When representing disubstituted substitution, then the two Rs 1 It must not be H. Similarly, when R... 1 When R represents zero or no substitution, 1 For example, it could be hydrogen atoms with all available valences in the ring atom, such as carbon atoms in benzene and nitrogen atoms in pyrrole, or simply none for ring atoms with fully saturated valences, such as nitrogen atoms in pyridine. The maximum possible number of substitutions in a ring structure will depend on the total number of available valences in the ring atoms.

[0071] As used herein, “combination thereof” means that one or more members of the applicable list are combined to form a known or chemically stable arrangement that can be conceived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the applicable list. For example, alkyl and deuterium can be combined to form partially or fully deuterated alkyl groups; halogen and alkyl groups can be combined to form haloalkyl substituents; and halogen, alkyl, and aryl groups can be combined to form haloaralkyl groups. In one instance, the term substitution includes a combination of two to four listed groups. In another instance, the term substitution includes a combination of two to three groups. In yet another instance, the term substitution includes a combination of two groups. Preferred combinations of substituents are combinations containing up to fifty atoms that are not hydrogen or deuterium, or combinations containing up to forty atoms that are not hydrogen or deuterium, or combinations containing up to thirty atoms that are not hydrogen or deuterium. In many cases, preferred combinations of substituents will include up to twenty atoms that are not hydrogen or deuterium.

[0072] The term "aza" in the phrases used herein, namely aza-dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzothiophene, etc., refers to the substitution of one or more CH groups in the corresponding aromatic ring by a nitrogen atom. For example, and without limitation, azatriphenylene covers dibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline and dibenzo[f,h]quinoline. Other nitrogen analogs of the aza-derived compounds described above will be readily contemplated by those skilled in the art, and all such analogs are intended to be covered by the terminology set forth herein.

[0073] This disclosure includes all compounds with acceptable isotopic labeling, wherein one or more atoms are replaced by atoms having the same atomic number but with an atomic mass or mass number different from those normally found in nature.

[0074] Examples of isotopes suitable for inclusion in compounds of this disclosure include isotopes of the following: hydrogen, such as... 2 H and 3 H; carbon, such as11 C 13 C and 14 C; chlorine, such as 36 Cl; fluorine, such as 18 F; Iodine, such as 123 I, 124 I and 125 I; Nitrogen, such as 13 N and 15 N; oxygen, such as 15 O、 17 O and 18 O; phosphorus, such as 32 P; and sulfur, such as 35 S.

[0075] Certain isotope-labeled compounds disclosed herein, such as those incorporating radioactive isotopes, are suitable for diagnostic and other research. Radioactive isotope tritium (i.e., 3 H) and carbon-14 ( 14 C) It is particularly suitable for this purpose due to its ease of integration and readily available detection methods.

[0076] Using heavier isotopes, such as deuterium, i.e. 2 H substitution can provide certain advantages resulting from greater stability and is therefore preferred in some cases.

[0077] The isotopically labeled compounds of the present invention can generally be prepared using suitable isotopically labeled reagents instead of previously used unlabeled reagents, by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by methods similar to those described in the appended examples and preparation methods.

[0078] For example, deuterated compounds can be readily prepared using methods known in the art. For instance, U.S. Patent No. 8,557,400, Patent Publication No. WO 2006 / 095951, and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2011 / 0037057 (which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety) describe the preparation of deuterated organometallic complexes. Further references to Ming Yan et al., Tetrahedron 2015, 71, 1425-30, and Atzrodt et al., Angewandte Chemie Int. Ed. (Review) 2007, 46, 7744-65 (which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety) describe efficient pathways for the deuteration of methylene hydrogen in benzylamine and the replacement of aromatic cyclic hydrogens with deuterium, respectively.

[0079] As used herein, any specifically listed substituent, such as, but not limited to, methyl, phenyl, pyridyl, etc., includes its undeuterated, partially deuterated, and fully deuterated forms. Similarly, substituents, such as, but not limited to, alkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, etc., also include their undeuterated, partially deuterated, and fully deuterated forms. Unless otherwise specified, atoms in a chemical structure that are not completely filled with H or D should be considered to include their undeuterated, partially deuterated, and fully deuterated forms. For example, chemical structures This refers to C6H6, C6D6, C6H3D3, and any other partially deuterated variants thereof. Some common basic partially or fully deuterated groups include, but are not limited to, CD3, CD2C(CH3)3, C(CD3)3, and C6D5. Similarly, in cases where a partially or fully defined atomic structure demonstrates that specific positions can be deuterated or deuterated, the same atomic structure in which one, two, or at most all deuterium atoms are replaced by hydrogen is also envisioned.

[0080] It should be understood that when a molecular fragment is described as a substituent or additionally linked to another part, its name can be written as if it were a fragment (e.g., phenyl, phenylene, naphthyl, dibenzofuranyl) or as if it were a whole molecule (e.g., benzene, naphthalene, dibenzofuran). As used herein, these different ways of naming substituents or linked fragments are considered equivalent.

[0081] In some cases, a pair of substituents in a molecule may optionally be joined or fused to form a ring. Preferred rings are five- to nine-membered carbon rings or heterocycles, including both cases where the ring formed by the pair of substituents is partially saturated and cases where the ring formed by the pair of substituents is partially unsaturated. In other cases, a pair of adjacent substituents may optionally be joined or fused to form a ring. As used herein, “adjacent” means that the two substituents involved may be adjacent to each other on the same ring, or on two neighboring rings having two closest available substituted positions (such as the 2, 2' positions in biphenyl or the 1, 8 positions in naphthalene).

[0082] B. Compounds disclosed herein

[0083] In one aspect, this disclosure provides a compound (L A )M(L B Its structure includes formula I.

[0084] The compound comprises at least one structure of formula II. In these structures:

[0085] Each of Part A and Part B is independently a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring.

[0086] Z 1 Z 2 and X 1 To X 11 Each of them is independently C or N;

[0087] X 4 To X 11 At least one of them is N;

[0088] Y can be selected from the following groups: O, S, and Se;

[0089] Y 1 Choose independently from the following groups: C, N, O, S, Se, P, and As;

[0090] If Y 1 If it is O, S, or Se, then A 2 R 2 and R 3 It does not exist;

[0091] A 1 and A 2 Each of them is independently selected from the following groups: C, Si, N, B, P, and As;

[0092] L 1 and L 2 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct bond, BR, BRR', NR, PR, P(O)R, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR', C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', GeRR', and any combination of any two of these;

[0093] M is either Pt or Pd;

[0094] K, K 1 To K 3 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct key, O, S, N(R) α ), P(R α ), B(R) α ), C(R α (R) β ) and Si(R α (R) β );

[0095] Each Indicates a single bond or a double bond;

[0096] R A R B R C R G and RH Each of these terms independently represents a single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution.

[0097] Each R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Substituents that are independently hydrogen or selected from the group of universal substituents defined herein; and

[0098] Any two substituents can fused or joined to form a ring.

[0099] In some embodiments, any compound includes formula IA. Then R F1 Not included

[0100] In some embodiments, if R 1 and R 2 They combine to form part E, where part E is pyridine, and Y 1 It is N and L 2 If it's a direct key, then there won't be two R's. C Substituents are bonded to form a structure of formula II in which part E is part G; and X 4 To X 11 In some embodiments, R is exactly two N. 1 and R 2 They combine to form part E, where part E is pyridine, and Y 1 It is N and L 2 It is a direct key. In some embodiments, there are no two Rs. C Substituents are bonded to form a structure of formula II in which part E is part G; and X 4 To X 11 Two of them are N.

[0101] In some embodiments, if R 1 and R 2 Joining to form part E, wherein part E is pyridine and Y 1 It is N, or part of E, that is benzimidazole and Y 1 It is neutral N, and X in the structure of equation II 4 To X 11If exactly one of them is N, then equation II is not connected to part E, and part B is not equation II. In some embodiments, R 1 and R 2 Joining to form part E, wherein part E is pyridine and Y 1 It is N, or part of E, that is benzimidazole and Y 1 It is neutral N, and X in the structure of equation II 4 To X 11 One of them is N. In some embodiments, equation II is not connected to part E, and part B is not equation II.

[0102] In some embodiments, the compound is not:

[0103] Despite Z 1 -X 1 Z 2 -X 2 and Z 2 -X 3 The bonds between them are shown as single bonds, but it should be understood that they can be any other bonds (e.g., double bonds) necessary for the preparation of the applicable cyclic portion of portion A or portion B. This also applies to any other generalized ring or partial structures disclosed herein.

[0104] In some embodiments, the compound consists essentially of Formula I. In some embodiments, the compound has the structure of Formula I.

[0105] In some embodiments, at least one R A R B R C R D R G or R H Selected from the group consisting of universal substituents as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R A Selected from the group consisting of universal substituents as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R B Selected from the group consisting of universal substituents as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R C Selected from the group consisting of universal substituents as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R D Selected from the group consisting of universal substituents as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R G Selected from the group consisting of universal substituents as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R HSelected from the group consisting of universal substituents as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R A R B R C R D R G or R H Choose from the group of preferred general substituents as defined herein.

[0106] In some embodiments of Formula I, at least one R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Partial or complete deuteration. In some embodiments, at least one R A Partial or complete deuteration. In some embodiments, at least one R B Partial or complete deuteration. In some embodiments, at least one R C Partial or complete deuteration. In some embodiments, R D Partial or complete deuteration. In some embodiments, at least one R G Partial or complete deuteration. In some embodiments, at least one R H In some embodiments,

[0107] In some embodiments, R 1 R 2 or R 3 At least one of R or R' is deuterated or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, at least one of R or R' is deuterated or fully deuterated.

[0108] In some embodiments, each of portions A and B is independently a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- or 6-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring.

[0109] In some embodiments, each of portions A and B is independently a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring or a heterocyclic aromatic ring.

[0110] In some embodiments, K is a direct bond. In some embodiments, K is O.

[0111] In some embodiments, R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 Rα R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Each of R, R', R' is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of preferred general substituents defined herein. In some embodiments, R, R', R' are... 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Each of R, R', R' is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of more preferred general substituents as defined herein. In some embodiments, R, R', R' are... 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Each of these is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of general substituents as defined herein, or even more preferably. In some embodiments, R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Each of them is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of the most preferred general substituents as defined herein.

[0112] In some embodiments, M is Pt. In some embodiments, M is Pd.

[0113] In some embodiments, each of portions A and B is independently selected from the group consisting of the following list of cyclic portions: benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, imidazole-derived carbene, pyrazole, pyrrole, oxazole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, triazole, naphthalene, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, benzofuran, aza-benzofuran, phenanthro[3,2-b]benzofuran, benzoxazole, aza-benzoxazole, benzothiophene, aza-benzothiophene, benzothiazole, Aza-benzothiazole, benzoselenene, aza-benzoselenene, indene, aza-indene, indole, aza-indole, benzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, benzimidazole-derived carbene, aza-benzimidazole-derived carbene, benzobenzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, carbazole, aza-carbazole, dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzothiophene, quinoxaline, phthalazine, phenanthrene, aza-phenanthrene, anthracene, aza-anthracene, phenanthridine, fluorene, and aza-fluorene. In some embodiments, the aza variant includes an N atom located on the benzo ring. In some embodiments, the N atom is coordinated with a metal M.

[0114] In some embodiments, part A is a monocyclic compound. In some embodiments, part A is selected from the group consisting of: benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, pyrazole, pyrrole, oxazole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, and triazole. In some embodiments, part A is benzene.

[0115] In some embodiments, part A is a polycyclic fused ring system. In some embodiments, part A is selected from the group consisting of: naphthalene, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, benzofuran, aza-benzofuran, phenanthrene[3,2-b]benzofuran, benzoxazole, aza-benzoxazole, benzothiophene, aza-benzothiophene, benzothiazole, aza-benzothiazole, benzoselenene, aza-benzoselenene, indole, aza-indole, benzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, benzobenzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, carbazole, aza-carbazole, dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzothiphene, quinoxaline, phthalazine, phenanthrene, aza-phenanthrene, anthracene, aza-anthracene, phenanthridine, fluorene, and aza-fluorene. In some embodiments, part A is naphthalene.

[0116] In some embodiments, fraction B is a monocyclic compound. In some embodiments, fraction B is selected from the group consisting of: benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, pyrazole, pyrrole, oxazole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, and triazole. In some embodiments, fraction B is benzene.

[0117] In some embodiments, fraction B is a polycyclic fused ring system. In some embodiments, fraction B is selected from the group consisting of: naphthalene, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, benzofuran, aza-benzofuran, phenanthrene[3,2-b]benzofuran, benzoxazole, aza-benzoxazole, benzothiophene, aza-benzothiophene, benzothiazole, aza-benzothiazole, benzoselenophene, aza-benzoselenophene, indene, aza-indene, indole, aza-indole, benzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, benzobenzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, carbazole, aza-carbazole, dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzofuran, dibenzothiphene, aza-dibenzothiphene, quinoxaline, phthalazine, phenanthrene, aza-phenanthrene, anthracene, aza-anthracene, phenanthridine, fluorene, and aza-fluorene. In some embodiments, fraction B is naphthalene.

[0118] In some embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may be an independent polycyclic fused ring structure. In some embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may be an independent polycyclic fused ring structure comprising at least two fused rings. In some embodiments, the polycyclic fused ring structure has one 6-membered ring and one 5-membered ring. In some such embodiments, the 5-membered ring or the 6-membered ring may be coordinated with a metal. In some embodiments, the polycyclic fused ring structure has two 6-membered rings. In some embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may be independently selected from the group consisting of benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoselenene, naphthalene, and their nitrogen-containing variants.

[0119] In some embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may independently be a polycyclic fused ring structure comprising at least three fused rings. In some embodiments, the polycyclic fused ring structure has two 6-membered rings and one 5-membered ring. In some such embodiments, the 5-membered ring is fused with a ring coordinated to metal M and the second 6-membered ring is fused with the 5-membered ring. In some embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may independently be selected from the group consisting of: dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, dibenzoselenene, and their nitrogen heteromorphs. In some such embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may independently be further substituted at the ortho or meta position of an O, S, or Se atom with a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, fluorine, nitriles, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof. In some such embodiments, the nitrogen heteromorph contains exactly one N atom at the 6 position (ortho of O, S, or Se) and a substituent at the 7 position (meta of O, S, or Se).

[0120] In some embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may independently be a polycyclic fused ring structure comprising at least four fused rings. In some embodiments, the polycyclic fused ring structure comprises three 6-membered rings and one 5-membered ring. In some such embodiments, the 5-membered ring is fused with a ring coordinated to metal M, the second 6-membered ring is fused with the 5-membered ring, and the third 6-membered ring is fused with the second 6-membered ring. In some such embodiments, the third 6-membered ring is further substituted with a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, fluorine, nitriles, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0121] In some embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may independently be a polycyclic fused-ring structure comprising at least five fused rings. In some embodiments, the polycyclic fused-ring structure comprises four 6-membered rings and one 5-membered ring, or three 6-membered rings and two 5-membered rings. In some embodiments comprising two 5-membered rings, the 5-membered rings are fused together. In some embodiments comprising two 5-membered rings, the 5-membered rings are separated by at least one 6-membered ring. In some embodiments having one 5-membered ring, the 5-membered ring is fused with a ring coordinated to metal M, a second 6-membered ring is fused with the 5-membered ring, a third 6-membered ring is fused with the second 6-membered ring, and a fourth 6-membered ring is fused with the third 6-membered ring.

[0122] In some embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may independently be the aziridine form of the polycyclic fused ring described above. In some such embodiments, at least one of portions A and B may independently contain exactly one aziridine N atom. In some such embodiments, at least one of portions A and B contains exactly two aziridine N atoms, which may be in one ring or in two different rings. In some such embodiments, the ring having the aziridine N atom is separated from the metal M atom by at least two other rings. In some such embodiments, the ring having the aziridine N atom is separated from the metal M atom by at least three other rings. In some such embodiments, each of the adjacent positions of the aziridine N atom is substituted.

[0123] In some embodiments, portion A includes the structure of formula II. In some such embodiments, ring G or ring H includes Z. 1 In other embodiments, ring G or ring H does not contain Z. 1 In some embodiments, ring G or ring H is directly connected to a ring containing Z. 1 The rings are fused. In some embodiments, ring G or ring H is indirectly coupled with ring Z. 1 Ring fusion (i.e., fusion with Z-containing rings) 1 (Ring fused rings or ring systems).

[0124] In some embodiments, part B includes the structure of formula II. In some such embodiments, ring G or ring H includes Z. 2In other embodiments, ring G or ring H does not contain Z. 2 In some embodiments, ring G or ring H is directly connected to a ring containing Z. 2 The rings are fused. In some embodiments, ring G or ring H is indirectly coupled with ring Z. 2 Ring fusion (i.e., fusion with Z-containing rings) 2 (Ring fused rings or ring systems).

[0125] In some embodiments, the structure of Formula II is directly fused with ring C. In some embodiments, the structure of Formula II is indirectly fused with ring C.

[0126] In some embodiments, Z 1 and Z 2 Each of them is C. In some embodiments, Z 1 It is C and Z 2 It is N. In some embodiments, Z 1 It is N and Z 2 It's C.

[0127] In some embodiments, X 1 It is C. In some embodiments, X 2 and X 3 It's C.

[0128] In some embodiments, X 4 To X 11 One of them is N.

[0129] In some embodiments, X 4 To X 7 At least one of them is N, and X 8 To X 11 Each of them is C. In some embodiments, X 4 To X 7 One of them is N, and X 8 To X 11 Each of them is C.

[0130] In some embodiments, X 4 To X 7 At least one of them is N, and X 8 To X 11 At least one of them is N. In some embodiments, X 4 To X 7 One of them is N, and X 8 To X 11 One of them is N.

[0131] In some embodiments, X 4 It is N. In some embodiments, X 4 It's C.

[0132] In some embodiments, X 5 It is N. In some embodiments, X 5 It's C.

[0133] In some embodiments, X 6 It is N. In some embodiments, X 6 It's C.

[0134] In some embodiments, X 7 It is N. In some embodiments, X 7 It's C.

[0135] In some embodiments, X 8 It is N. In some embodiments, X 8 It's C.

[0136] In some embodiments, X 9 It is N. In some embodiments, X 9 It's C.

[0137] In some embodiments, X 10 It is N. In some embodiments, X 10 It's C.

[0138] In some embodiments, X 11 It is N. In some embodiments, X 11 It's C.

[0139] In some embodiments, Y is selected from the group consisting of O, S, and Se. In some embodiments, Y is O. In some embodiments, Y is selected from the group consisting of BR, NR, and PR. In some embodiments, Y is selected from the group consisting of BRR', CRR', SiRR', GeRR', PRR', and AsRR'. In some embodiments, Y is selected from the group consisting of P(O)R, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR, C=CRR', S=O, and SO2. In some embodiments, Y is CR.

[0140] In some embodiments, Y 1 It is C. In some embodiments, Y 1 It is N. In some embodiments, Y 1 It is O. In some embodiments, Y 1 It is S. In some embodiments, Y 1 It is Se. In some embodiments, Y 1 It is P. In some embodiments, Y 1 It is Se.

[0141] In some embodiments, A 1It is C. In some embodiments, A 1 It is Si. In some embodiments, A 1 It is N. In some embodiments, A 1 It is B. In some embodiments, A 1 It is P. In some embodiments, A 1 It is As.

[0142] In some embodiments, A 2 It is C. In some embodiments, A 2 It is Si. In some embodiments, A 2 It is N. In some embodiments, A 2 It is B. In some embodiments, A 2 It is P. In some embodiments, A 2 It is As.

[0143] In some embodiments, A 1 and A 2 It is C, and Y 1 It is N.

[0144] In some embodiments, L 2 It is a direct key. In some embodiments, L 2 Choose from the following groups: O, S, and Se. In some embodiments, L 2 Choose from the following groups: BR, NR, and PR. In some embodiments, L 2 It is NR. In some embodiments, L 2 Select from the following groups: BRR', CRR', SiRR', and GeRR'. In some embodiments, L 2 The group consisting of the following is selected: P(O)R, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR, C=CRR', S=O, and SO2. In some embodiments, L 2 It's CR.

[0145] In some embodiments, L 2 It is a combination of two monoatomic connectors, each of which is independently selected from the following group: BR, BRR', NR, PR, P(O)R, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR', C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', and GeRR'.

[0146] In some embodiments, L 2 The structure includes Form II. In some embodiments, L 2 The combination of L and part B includes the structure of formula II. In some embodiments, L 2R or R' in the equation can contain the structure of equation II.

[0147] In some embodiments, K 3 -Y 1 -A 1 -L 2 The combination has a structure selected from the following groups:

[0148] Where --- indicates a bond with metal M;

[0149] in Indicates partial B-bonds; and

[0150] The remaining variables are the same as those defined above.

[0151] In some embodiments, K 3 -Y 1 -A 1 -L 2 The combination includes formula II.

[0152] In some embodiments, K 3 -Y 1 -A 1 -L 2 The combination has a structure selected from the following groups:

[0153] Where --- indicates a bond with the metal M; and

[0154] in This indicates a partial B-bond.

[0155] In some embodiments, L 1 It is a direct key. In some embodiments, L 1 Choose from the following groups: O, S, and Se. In some embodiments, L 1 It is O. In some embodiments, L 1 Choose from the following groups: BR, NR, and PR. In some embodiments, L 1 Select from the following groups: BRR', CRR', SiRR', and GeRR'. In some embodiments, L 1 The group consisting of the following is selected: P(O)R, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR, C=CRR', S=O, and SO2. In some embodiments, L 1 It's CR.

[0156] In some embodiments, L 1It is a combination of two monoatomic connectors, each of which is independently selected from the following group: BR, BRR', NR, PR, P(O)R, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR', C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', and GeRR'.

[0157] In some embodiments, metal M is Pt. In some embodiments, metal M is Pd.

[0158] In some embodiments, K 1 It is a direct key.

[0159] In some embodiments, K 1 It is O or S. In some embodiments, K 1 It is O. In some embodiments, K 1 It is N(R) α ), P(R α ) or B(R α In some embodiments, K 1 It is C(R) α (R) β ) or Si(R α (R) β ).

[0160] In some embodiments, K 2 It is a direct key.

[0161] In some embodiments, K 2 It is O or S. In some embodiments, K 2 It is O. In some embodiments, K 2 It is N(R) α ), P(R α ) or B(R α In some embodiments, K 2 It is C(R) α (R) β ) or Si(R α (R) β ).

[0162] In some embodiments, K 3 It is a direct key.

[0163] In some embodiments, K 3 It is O or S. In some embodiments, K 3 It is O. In some embodiments, K 3 It is N(R) α ), P(R α ) or B(R α In some embodiments, K3 It is C(R) α (R) β ) or Si(R α (R) β ).

[0164] In some embodiments, K 1 K 2 and K 3 Each one in the string is a direct key.

[0165] In some embodiments, K 1 K 2 or K 3 At least one of them is not a direct bond. In some embodiments, K 1 K 2 or K 3 One of them is not a direct key. In some embodiments, K 3 Not a direct key.

[0166] In some embodiments, the ring C forms a carbene-metal bond. In some embodiments, the ring C is an imidazole-derived carbene.

[0167] In some embodiments, the compound may have the following structure: Formula XI:

[0168] Or formula XII: in:

[0169] X 5' To X 11' Each can be either C or N independently;

[0170] R EE Indicates single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution;

[0171] R EE R EE0 R EE1 and R EE2 Each of these is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of universal substituents defined herein; and

[0172] Any two substituents can join or fuse to form a ring.

[0173] In some embodiments, no R EE With R EE1 or R EE2 Joining or fusion to form a ring.

[0174] In some embodiments, R EE0The group selected is from the following: halogens, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boranalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, selenyl, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, R EE0 Not H or D. In some embodiments, R EE0 It is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl group. In some embodiments, R EE0 It is C6H5, C6D5, C(CH3)3, C(CD3)3, CD2C(CH3)3, CH3, CD3, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, or neopentyl.

[0175] In some embodiments, X 5' To X 11' Each is C. In some embodiments, X 5' To X 11' One of them is N. In some embodiments, X 5' To X 11' The two in this context are N. In some embodiments, X 5' To X 8' One of them is N. In some embodiments, X 9' and X 11' One of them is N. In some embodiments, X 10' It is N.

[0176] In some embodiments, R EE1 With R EE2 Same. In some embodiments, R EE1 With R EE2 different.

[0177] In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 At least one of them contains a chemical group having at least three 6-membered aromatic rings, wherein the at least three 6-membered aromatic rings are not fused with adjacent aromatic rings. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 At least one of them contains a chemical group having at least four 6-membered aromatic rings, wherein the at least four 6-membered aromatic rings are not fused with adjacent aromatic rings. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 At least one of them contains a chemical group having at least five 6-membered aromatic rings, wherein the at least five 6-membered aromatic rings are not fused with adjacent aromatic rings. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2At least one of them contains a chemical group having at least six 6-membered aromatic rings, wherein the at least six 6-membered aromatic rings are not fused with adjacent aromatic rings. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 Each of the components independently contains a chemical group having at least six 6-membered aromatic rings, wherein the at least six 6-membered aromatic rings are not fused with adjacent aromatic rings.

[0178] In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 At least one of them contains a group R W , where R W It has a structure selected from the following groups: Formula XIIIA: ---Q A (R 1a (R) 2a ) a (R 3a ) b Formula XIIIB: Japanese Style XIIIC: in:

[0179] X 130 To X 138 Each of them is independently C or N;

[0180] Y S Y T and Y U Each of them is independently CRR', SiRR', or GeRR';

[0181] n is an integer from 1 to 8.

[0182] When n is greater than 1, each Y S They can be the same or different;

[0183] Q A Choose from the following groups: C, Si, Ge, N, P, O, S, Se, and B;

[0184] Each of a and b is independently 0 or 1;

[0185] If Q A If the metal is C, Si, or Ge, then a + b = 2;

[0186] If Q A If it is N or P, then a + b = 1;

[0187] If Q A If it is B, then a+b can be 1 or 2;

[0188] If Q AIf the octet is O, S, or Se, then a + b = 0;

[0189] R SS R TT and R UU Each of these terms independently represents a single substitution up to the maximum permissible number of substitutions, or no substitution;

[0190] Each R, R', R 1a R 2a R 3a R SS R TT and R UU Substituents that are independently hydrogen or selected from the group of universal substituents defined herein; and

[0191] Any two substituents can selectively fuse or join to form a ring.

[0192] In some embodiments, at least one Y S Y T Or Y U It is either SiRR' or GeRR'. In some embodiments, each Y S Y T and Y U It is CRR'.

[0193] In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 At least one of them contains a group R W In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 Each of the groups R in W In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 Each of the included expressions XIIIA. In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 Each of the included expressions XIIIB. In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 Each of the included XIIICs. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 Includes XIIIA, and R EE1 and R EE2 Another inclusion formula XIIIB in the text. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 Includes XIIIA, and R EE1 and R EE2 Another inclusion of XIIIC. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2Includes XIIIB, and R EE1 and R EE2 Another inclusion formula XIIIC in the text.

[0194] In some embodiments, R EE1 It has a molecular weight (MW) greater than 15 g / mol, and R EE2 Having greater than R EE1 The molecular weight. In some embodiments, R EE1 It has a molecular weight (MW) greater than 56 g / mol, and R EE2 Having greater than R EE1 The molecular weight. In some embodiments, R EE1 It has a molecular weight (MW) greater than 76 g / mol, and R EE2 Having greater than R EE1 The molecular weight. In some embodiments, R EE1 It has a molecular weight (MW) greater than 81 g / mol, and R EE2 Having greater than R EE1 The molecular weight. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 It has a molecular weight (MW) greater than 165 g / mol. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 It has a molecular weight (MW) greater than 166 g / mol. In some embodiments, R EE1 or R EE2 It has a molecular weight (MW) greater than 182 g / mol.

[0195] In some embodiments, R EE1 The 6-membered aromatic cyclic ratio R EE2 One more. In some embodiments, R EE1 The 6-membered aromatic cyclic ratio R EE2 Two more. In some embodiments, R EE1 The 6-membered aromatic cyclic ratio R EE2 Three more. In some embodiments, R EE1 The 6-membered aromatic cyclic ratio R EE2 Four more. In some embodiments, R EE1 The 6-membered aromatic cyclic ratio R EE2 Five more.

[0196] In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains at least one heteroatom and R EE2 It consists of hydrocarbons and their deuterated variants. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains at least two heteroatoms and R EE2It consists of hydrocarbons and their deuterated variants. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains at least three heteroatoms and R EE2 It consists of hydrocarbons and their deuterated variants. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains exactly one heteroatom and R EE2 It consists of hydrocarbons and their deuterated variants. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains exactly two heteroatoms and R EE2 It consists of hydrocarbons and their deuterated variants. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains exactly three heteroatoms and R EE2 It consists of hydrocarbons and their deuterated variants. In some embodiments, R EE1 It contains exactly one heteroatom, and R EE2 Contains exactly one with R EE1 Different heteroatoms in the [material]. In some embodiments, R EE1 It contains exactly one heteroatom, and R EE2 Contains exactly one with R EE1 The heteroatoms in it are the same as the heteroatoms in the heteroatoms.

[0197] In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains exactly two heteroatoms and R EE2 It contains exactly one heteroatom. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains exactly two heteroatoms and R EE2 It contains exactly two heteroatoms. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains exactly three heteroatoms and R EE2 It contains exactly one heteroatom. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains exactly three heteroatoms and R EE2 It contains exactly two heteroatoms. In some embodiments, R EE1 Contains exactly three heteroatoms and R EE2 It contains exactly three heteroatoms.

[0198] In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 At least one of them contains an aromatic ring fused with a non-aromatic ring. In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 All contain an aromatic ring fused with a non-aromatic ring. In some embodiments, the aromatic ring is a phenyl ring and the non-aromatic ring is a cycloalkyl ring.

[0199] In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 At least one of them is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2They are all partially or completely deuterated.

[0200] In some embodiments, R EE1 and R EE2 One of them with R A Joined to form a ring.

[0201] In some embodiments, the compound may have the following structure: Formula XIV:

[0202] Or form XIV: Formula XV; where

[0203] X 12' To X 19' Each is independently C or N; R EE3 Substituents are independently hydrogen or selected from the group of general substituents as defined herein; and any two substituents are capable of joining or fused to form a ring.

[0204] In some embodiments, X 12' To X 19' Each is C. In some embodiments, X 12' To X 19' One of them is N. In some embodiments, X 12' To X 19' The two in this context are N. In some embodiments, X 12' To X 15' One of them is N. In some embodiments, X 16' To X 19' One of them is N.

[0205] In some embodiments, R 1 and R 2 They are joined to form a ring, and the compound contains the structure of formula IA. in:

[0206] Part E is a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring;

[0207] Z 3 X 2' and X 3' Each of them is independently C or N;

[0208] R E Indicates single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution;

[0209] Each R E Substituents that are independently hydrogen or selected from the group of universal substituents defined herein; and

[0210] Any two substituents can fused or joined to form a ring.

[0211] In some embodiments of formula IA, at least one R, R', R α R β R A R B R C R D R E R G and R H It is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, at least one R A It is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, at least one R B It is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, at least one R C It is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, R D It is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, at least one R E It is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, at least one R G It is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, at least one R H It is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, at least one of R or R' is partially or fully deuterated.

[0212] In some embodiments, part E is a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- or 6-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring.

[0213] In some embodiments, part E is a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring or a heteroaromatic ring.

[0214] In some embodiments, K is a direct bond. In some embodiments, K is O.

[0215] In some embodiments, R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R E R G and R H Each of them is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of preferred general substituents defined herein.

[0216] In some embodiments of Formula IA, portion E is selected from a group consisting of a list of ring portions as defined herein.

[0217] In some embodiments of Formula IA, portion E is a monocyclic compound. In some embodiments of Formula IA, portion E is selected from the group consisting of: benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, imidazole-derived carbene, pyrazole, pyrrole, oxazole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, and triazole. In some embodiments of Formula IA, portion E is pyridine.

[0218] In some embodiments of Formula IA, part E is a polycyclic fused ring system. In some embodiments of Formula IA, part E is selected from the group consisting of: naphthalene, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, benzofuran, aza-benzofuran, benzoxazole, aza-benzoxazole, benzothiophene, aza-benzothiophene, benzothiazole, aza-benzothiazole, benzoselenene, aza-benzoselenene, indole, aza-indole, benzimidazole, aza- Benzimidazole, benzimidazole-derived carbene, aza-benzimidazole-derived carbene, benzobenzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, phenanthrene[3,2-b]benzofuran, carbazole, aza-carbazole, dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzothiophene, quinoxaline, phthalazine, phenanthrene, aza-phenanthrene, anthracene, aza-anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, and aza-fluorene. In some embodiments of Formula IA, part E is quinoline or isoquinoline.

[0219] In some embodiments of formula IA, if part E is pyridine and Y 1 If it is N, then there cannot be two R. C Substituents join to form X fused with ring C. 4 To X 11 One of them is exactly the structure of N's formula II.

[0220] In some embodiments of formula IA, part E is pyridine and Y 1 It is N.

[0221] In some embodiments of formula IA, two R E Substituents join to form X partially fused with E. 4 To X 11 At least two of them are structures of N, which are of formula II.

[0222] In some embodiments of formula IA, if part E is pyridine and Y 1 It is N, or part of E is benzimidazole and Y 1 If N is neutral, then X is... 4 To X 11 One of them is the structure of Equation II of N: (i) it does not fused with part E, and (ii) part B is not Equation II.

[0223] In some embodiments of formula IA, X 4 To X 11 At least two of them are N, and the structure of formula II is partially fused with E.

[0224] In some embodiments of formula IA, X 4 To X 11 The structure of formula II, in which at least two are N, includes X. 2 and X 3 A ring of part B, or a ring of part E containing X. 4 To X 11 At least two of them are structures of N, which are of formula II.

[0225] In some embodiments of formula IA, Z 3 It is N, and X 2' and X 3' Each of them is C. In some embodiments of formula IA, Z 3 X 2' and X 3' Each of them is C.

[0226] In some embodiments of Formula IA, portion E comprises the structure of Formula II. In some embodiments of Formula IA, ring G or ring H comprises Z. 3 In some embodiments of formula IA, ring G or ring H does not contain Z. 3 .

[0227] In some embodiments of formula IA, ring G or ring H is directly connected to a ring containing Z. 3 The rings are fused. In some embodiments of formula IA, ring G or ring H are indirectly coupled with rings containing Z. 3 Ring fusion.

[0228] In some embodiments, the compound may have the following structure: Formula XVI: Formula XVII: Formula XVIII: Or form XIX: All variables are the same as those defined above.

[0229] It should be understood that X in equations XI to XV 5' To X 19' R EE R EE0 R EE1 R EE2 and R EE3 All embodiments are equally applicable to formulations XVI to XIX.

[0230] In some embodiments, compound (L) A )M(L B It contains an electron-withdrawing group. In some embodiments, the Hammett constant of the electron-withdrawing group is greater than 0. In some embodiments, the Hammett constant of the electron-withdrawing group is equal to or greater than 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, or 1.1.

[0231] In some embodiments, compound (L) A )M(L B (This refers to electron-withdrawing groups that are part of the group consisting of structures selected from the following EWG1 list: F, CF3, CN, COCH3, CHO, COCF3, COOMe, COOCF3, NO2, SF3, SiF3, PF4, SF5, OCF3, SCF3, SeCF3, SOCF3, SeOCF3, SO2F, SO2CF3, SeO2CF3, OSeO2CF3, OCN, SCN, SeCN, NC, etc.) + N(R k2 )3、(R k2 )2CCN、(R k2 )2CCF3、CNC(CF3)2、BR k3 R k2 Substituted or unsubstituted dibenzoborane, 1-substituted carbazole, 1,9-substituted carbazole, substituted or unsubstituted carbazole, substituted or unsubstituted pyridine, substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidine, substituted or unsubstituted pyrazine, substituted or unsubstituted pyridoxine, substituted or unsubstituted triazine, substituted or unsubstituted oxazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazole, substituted or unsubstituted thiazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzothiazole, substituted or unsubstituted imidazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzimidazole, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, nitriles, isonitriles, sulfinyl groups, sulfonyl groups, partially and fully fluorinated alkyl groups, partially and fully fluorinated aryl groups, partially and fully fluorinated heteroaryl groups, alkyl groups containing cyano groups, aryl groups containing cyano groups, heteroaryl groups containing cyano groups, isocyanates.

[0232]

[0233] Each R k1 Indicates single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution;

[0234] Where Y G Choose from the following groups: BR e NR ePR e ,O,S,Se,C=O,S=O,SO2,CR e R f SiR e R f and GeR e R f' ;as well as

[0235] Where R k1 R k2 R k3 R e and R f Each of them is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of universal substituents defined herein.

[0236] In some embodiments, compound (L) A )M(L B It contains electron-withdrawing groups selected from the group consisting of structures in the following EWG2 list:

[0237]

[0238]

[0239]

[0240] In some embodiments, compound (L) A )M(L B It contains electron-withdrawing groups selected from the group consisting of structures in the following EWG3 list:

[0241]

[0242] In some embodiments, compound (L) A )M(L B It contains electron-withdrawing groups selected from the group consisting of structures in the following EWG4 list:

[0243] In some embodiments, compound (L) A )M(L BElectron-withdrawing groups that are π-electron-deficient and consist of structures selected from the following Pi-EWG lists: CN, COCH3, CHO, COCF3, COOMe, COOCF3, NO2, SF3, SiF3, PF4, SF5, OCF3, SCF3, SeCF3, SOCF3, SeOCF3, SO2F, SO2CF3, SeO2CF3, OSeO2CF3, OCN, SCN, SeCN, NC. + N(R k2 3. BR k2 R k3 Substituted or unsubstituted dibenzoborane, 1-substituted carbazole, 1,9-substituted carbazole, substituted or unsubstituted carbazole, substituted or unsubstituted pyridine, substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidine, substituted or unsubstituted pyrazine, substituted or unsubstituted pyridazine, substituted or unsubstituted triazine, substituted or unsubstituted oxazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazole, substituted or unsubstituted thiazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzothiazole, substituted or unsubstituted imidazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzimidazole, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, nitriles, isonitriles, sulfinyl groups, sulfonyl groups, partially and fully fluorinated aryl groups, partially and fully fluorinated heteroaryl groups, aryl groups containing cyano groups, heteroaryl groups containing cyano groups, isocyanates. The variables are the same as those defined above.

[0244] In some embodiments, at least one R A It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG1 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R A It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the EWG2 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R A It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG3 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R A It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG4 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R A It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the Pi-EWG list as defined herein.

[0245] In some embodiments, at least one R B It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG1 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R B It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the EWG2 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R BIt is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG3 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R B It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG4 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R B It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the Pi-EWG list as defined herein.

[0246] In some embodiments, at least one R C It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG1 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R C It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the EWG2 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R C It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG3 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R C It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG4 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R C It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the Pi-EWG list as defined herein.

[0247] In some embodiments, at least one R D It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG1 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R D It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the EWG2 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R D It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG3 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R D It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG4 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R D It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the Pi-EWG list as defined herein.

[0248] In some embodiments, at least one R E It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG1 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R E It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the EWG2 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R E It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG3 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R E It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG4 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R EIt is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the Pi-EWG list as defined herein.

[0249] In some embodiments, at least one R G It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG1 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R G It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the EWG2 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R G It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG3 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R G It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG4 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R G It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the Pi-EWG list as defined herein.

[0250] In some embodiments, at least one R H It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG1 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R H It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the EWG2 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R H It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG3 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R H It is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG4 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R H It is or contains electron-withdrawing groups from the Pi-EWG list as defined herein.

[0251] In some embodiments, at least one R or R' is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG1 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R or R' is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG2 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R or R' is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG3 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R or R' is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the EWG4 list as defined herein. In some embodiments, at least one R or R' is or contains an electron-withdrawing group from the Pi-EWG list as defined herein.

[0252] In some embodiments, at least one R A It's not hydrogen.

[0253] In some embodiments, at least one R A It contains at least one C atom. In some embodiments, at least one R... AIt contains at least two C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... A It contains at least three C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... A It contains at least four carbon atoms.

[0254] In some embodiments, at least one R A Substituents include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, germanyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0255] In some embodiments, at least one R A The structure of inclusion II.

[0256] In some embodiments, at least one R B It's not hydrogen.

[0257] In some embodiments, at least one R B It contains at least one C atom. In some embodiments, at least one R... B It contains at least two C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... B It contains at least three C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... B It contains at least four carbon atoms.

[0258] In some embodiments, at least one R B Substituents include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, germanyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0259] In some embodiments, at least one R B The structure of inclusion II.

[0260] In some embodiments, at least one R C It's not hydrogen.

[0261] In some embodiments, at least one R C It contains at least one C atom. In some embodiments, at least one R... C It contains at least two C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... C It contains at least three C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... C It contains at least four carbon atoms.

[0262] In some embodiments, at least one R C Substituents include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, germanyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0263] In some embodiments, two R CJoined or fused to form a portion C1, wherein the portion C1 is a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring.

[0264] In some embodiments, portion C1 is selected from the group of structures in the list of ring portions defined herein.

[0265] In some embodiments, C1 is a monocyclic compound. In some embodiments, C1 is benzene. In some embodiments, C1 is further substituted benzene.

[0266] In some embodiments, part C1 is a multi-ring fused ring system.

[0267] In some embodiments, portion C1 is or includes the structure of Formula II. In some embodiments, the structure of Formula II is directly fused with ring C. In some embodiments, the structure of Formula II is indirectly fused with ring C.

[0268] In some embodiments, at least one R C It is a structure that includes Form II.

[0269] In some embodiments, R D It's not hydrogen.

[0270] In some embodiments, at least one R D It contains at least one C atom. In some embodiments, at least one R... D It contains at least two C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... D It contains at least three C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... D It contains at least four carbon atoms.

[0271] In some embodiments, R D Substituents include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, germanyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0272] In some embodiments, R D The structure of Formula III is included. in:

[0273] Ring F is a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or a heterocyclic ring;

[0274] R F This indicates monosubstituted to trisubstituted, or unsubstituted;

[0275] Each R 1' R 2' and R F Substituents that are independently hydrogen or selected from the group of universal substituents defined herein; and

[0276] Where R 1' or R 2' At least one of them is not hydrogen or deuterium.

[0277] In some embodiments, ring F is a 5- or 6-membered carbon ring or a heterocyclic ring. In some embodiments, ring F is a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring or a heteroaromatic ring.

[0278] In some embodiments, R 1' and R 2' Neither of them is hydrogen or deuterium.

[0279] In some embodiments, R 1' and R 2' Each of these is independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, silyl, germanyl, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, R 1' With R 2' Same. In some embodiments, R 1' With R 2' different.

[0280] In some embodiments, R 1' and R 2' Each of them contains at least one carbon atom. In some embodiments, R 1' and R 2' Each of them contains at least two carbon atoms. In some embodiments, R 1' and R 2' Each of them contains at least 3 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, R 1' and R 2' Each of them contains at least 4 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, R 1' and R 2' Each of them contains at least 5 carbon atoms.

[0281] In some embodiments, at least one R F It is neither hydrogen nor deuterium.

[0282] In some embodiments, at least one R F The group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, silyl, germanyl, and combinations thereof.

[0283] In some embodiments, ring F is selected from the group consisting of: benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, imidazole-derived carbene, pyrazole, pyrrole, oxazole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, and triazole.

[0284] In some embodiments, R D The structure of the included IIIA Where X1a X 2a and X 3a Each of them is either C or N.

[0285] In some embodiments, the key to X 2a R F Selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, silyl, germanyl, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, bonded to X 2a R F It is an alkyl group. In some embodiments, it is bonded to X. 2a R F It is aryl or heteroaryl. In some embodiments, it is bonded to X. 2a R F It is a silane. In some embodiments, it is bonded to X. 2a R F It is a germanyl group.

[0286] In some embodiments, X 1a X 2a and X 3a Each of them is C. In some embodiments, X 1a X 2a and X 3a At least one of them is N. In some embodiments, X 1a X 2a and X 3a One of them is N.

[0287] In some embodiments, R F The structure of inclusion II.

[0288] In some embodiments, R 1' and R 2' At least one of the structures containing formula II.

[0289] In some embodiments, R 1' The structure of inclusion II.

[0290] In some embodiments, R 2' With R C Joining or fusion to form a ring. In some such embodiments, R 2' With R C The main chain of the bridge portion formed by bonding or fusion contains at least one aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring. In some such embodiments, the at least one aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring is benzene. In some such embodiments, the at least one aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring is ortho-bonded benzene.

[0291] In some embodiments, by R 2' With R CThe main chain of the bridge portion formed by bonding or fusion comprises at least two unfused aromatic or heteroaromatic rings. In some such embodiments, the at least two unfused aromatic or heteroaromatic rings are benzene rings. In some such embodiments, the at least two unfused aromatic or heteroaromatic rings are ortho-bonded benzene rings.

[0292] In some embodiments, by R 2' With R C The main chain of the bridge portion formed by bonding or fusion comprises at least three unfused aromatic or heteroaromatic rings. In some such embodiments, the at least three unfused aromatic or heteroaromatic rings are benzene rings. In some such embodiments, the at least three unfused aromatic or heteroaromatic rings are ortho-bonded benzene rings.

[0293] In some embodiments, by R 2' With R C The main chain of the bridge portion formed by joining or fusion includes a structure of type II.

[0294] In some embodiments, R D With R C Joining or fusion, and by R D With R C The main chain of the bridge portion formed by joining or fusion includes a structure of type II.

[0295] In some embodiments, at least one R E It's not hydrogen.

[0296] In some embodiments, at least one R E It contains at least one C atom. In some embodiments, at least one R... E It contains at least two C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... E It contains at least three C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... E It contains at least four carbon atoms.

[0297] In some embodiments, at least one R E Substituents include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, germanyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0298] In some embodiments, at least one R E The structure of inclusion II.

[0299] In some embodiments, at least one R or R' includes the structure of Formula II.

[0300] In some embodiments, at least one R 1 R 2 or R 3It's not hydrogen.

[0301] In some embodiments, at least one R 1 R 2 or R 3 It contains at least one C atom. In some embodiments, at least one R... 1 R 2 or R 3 It contains at least two C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... 1 R 2 or R 3 It contains at least three C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... 1 R 2 or R 3 It contains at least four carbon atoms.

[0302] In some embodiments, at least one R 1 R 2 or R 3 Substituents include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, germanyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0303] In some embodiments, at least one R 1 R 2 or R 3 The structure of inclusion II.

[0304] In some embodiments, at least one R G It's not hydrogen.

[0305] In some embodiments, at least one R G It contains at least one C atom. In some embodiments, at least one R... G It contains at least two C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... G It contains at least three C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... G It contains at least four carbon atoms.

[0306] In some embodiments, at least one R G Substituents include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, germanyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0307] In some embodiments, at least one R H It's not hydrogen.

[0308] In some embodiments, at least one R H It contains at least one C atom. In some embodiments, at least one R... H It contains at least two C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R...H It contains at least three C atoms. In some embodiments, at least one R... H It contains at least four carbon atoms.

[0309] In some embodiments, at least one R H Substituents include those selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, silyl, germanyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

[0310] In some embodiments, the compound is selected from compounds having the formula Pt(L A (L) B A group consisting of compounds:

[0311]

[0312] Where L A' Select the groups composed of the structures shown in Listing 1 below:

[0313]

[0314]

[0315] Where L y Select the groups composed of the structures shown in List 2 below:

[0316]

[0317]

[0318]

[0319]

[0320] Where R A R B R C R D R E R F R X R Y At least one of “R”, “R”, “R” or “R” contains a structure selected from the following List 3:

[0321]

[0322]

[0323] In some embodiments, R A It includes structures selected from List 3 below.

[0324] In some embodiments, R CIt includes structures selected from List 3 below.

[0325] In some embodiments, R D It includes structures selected from List 3 below.

[0326] In some embodiments, R E It includes structures selected from List 3 below.

[0327] In some embodiments, R F It includes structures selected from List 3 below.

[0328] In some embodiments, R X It includes structures selected from List 3 below.

[0329] In some embodiments, R Y It includes structures selected from List 3 below.

[0330] In some embodiments, at least one of R, R', or R" includes a structure selected from List 3 below.

[0331] In some embodiments, at least one R 1 R 2 R 3 R A R B R C R D R E R EE R EE0 R EE1 R EE2 R EE3 R G R H R X or R Y Select large groups composed of the following structures:

[0332]

[0333] Q A Q B Q C Q D and Q E Each of these terms independently represents a single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution.

[0334] Each Q A Q B Q C Q D Q E Q A1 QB1 Q C1 Q D1 and Q E1 Independently, it is hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, boronalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, selenyl and combinations thereof;

[0335] Each Y aa and Y bb The substituents are independently selected from the group consisting of: direct bond, BR, BRR', NR, PR, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR, C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', GeRR', alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and combinations thereof; and any two substituents are capable of joining or fusion to form a ring.

[0336] In some embodiments, the compound is selected from compounds having the formula Pt(L A' Groups consisting of compounds with the alpha group (Ly):

[0337]

[0338] Where L A' Selected from L A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl), where i is an integer from 1 to 22, each of Rj, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, and Rq is selected from R469 to R608, where L A' 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 22-(R608) is defined in the following Listing 4:

[0339]

[0340]

[0341]

[0342] Or L A Selected from L A' i'-(Ri)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl), where i' is an integer from 23 to 44, and each of Ri, Rj, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, where L A' 23-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1) to L A'Each of 44-(R608) is defined in the following Listing 5:

[0343]

[0344]

[0345]

[0346] Where L y Selected from L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru), where n is an integer from 1 to 47, each of Rt and Ru is independently selected from R1 to R608, and Rq is selected from R469 to R608, where L y 1-(R469)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 47-(R608) is defined in the following Listing 6:

[0347]

[0348]

[0349]

[0350]

[0351] or L y Selected from L y n'-(Rs)(Rt)(Ru), where n' is an integer from 48 to 94, and each of Rs, Rt, and Ru is independently selected from R1 to R608, where L y 48-(R1)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 94-(R608) is defined in the following Listing 7:

[0352]

[0353]

[0354]

[0355]

[0356] Among them, when L A' When a structure is selected from Listing 4, Ly is selected from a structure in Listing 6 or Listing 7;

[0357] Among them, when L A'When a structure is selected from Listing 5, Ly is selected from the structure in Listing 6;

[0358] Among them, when L y When selecting a structure from Listing 6, L A' The structure is selected from Listing 4 or Listing 5; where, when L y When selecting a structure from Listing 7, L A' The structures selected from Listing 4; and

[0359] Each of R1 to R608 has the structure defined in Listing 8 below:

[0360]

[0361]

[0362]

[0363]

[0364]

[0365]

[0366]

[0367]

[0368]

[0369]

[0370]

[0371]

[0372]

[0373]

[0374]

[0375]

[0376]

[0377]

[0378]

[0379]

[0380]

[0381]

[0382]

[0383]

[0384]

[0385]

[0386]

[0387] In the above embodiments relating to combinations of Listings 4 and 6 or 7, Rq is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Ri, Rj, Rk, and Rl are each independently an integer from R1 to R608. However, it should be understood that this also applies to each of Ri, Rj, Rk, and Rl. For example, only one of Ri, Rj, Rk, Rl, or Rq must be selected from R469 to R608, and the rest can each be independently selected from R1 to R608 (e.g., Ri can be selected from R469 to R608, and each of Rj, Rk, Rl, and Rq is independently R1 to R608). In other embodiments, only one of Ri, Rj, Rk, Rl, or Rq can be selected from R469 to R608. In other embodiments, two of Ri, Rj, Rk, Rl, or Rq can be independently selected from R469 to R608. Therefore, it is intended to specifically cover all the embodiments / combinations identified above. In other words, in alternative embodiments, the structure of Formula II (e.g., R469 to R608) may be required at one of the positions Ri, Rj, Rk, or Rl, while Rq may be selected from R1 to R468.

[0388] For the same reason, even if Rq is selected from R469 to R608 for Listing 6, the same applies to each of Rs, Rt, and Ru. For example, only one of Rs, Rt, Ru, or Rq must be selected from R469 to R608, and the rest can be independently selected from R1 to R608. In other embodiments, only one of Rs, Rt, Ru, or Rq can be selected from R469 to R608. In other embodiments, two of Rs, Rt, Ru, or Rq can be independently selected from R469 to R608. Therefore, it is intended to specifically cover all the embodiments / combinations identified above. In other words, in alternative embodiments, a structure of Formula II (e.g., R469 to R608) may be required at one of the positions Rs, Rt, or Ru, while Rq may be selected from R1 to R468. In the case of a combination of the structures in Listing 4 and Listing 6, Rq in Listing 4 is independent of Rq in Listing 6.

[0389] As a more specific / concrete example, it also includes and envisions L A' The following are examples of i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl):

[0390] L A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl) has the same structure as defined in Listing 4, where i is an integer of 1 to 22, Rj is selected from R469 to R608, and each of Rq, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, and is defined by L A' 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)(R1) to L A' Composed of 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608);

[0391] L A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl) has the same structure as defined in Listing 4, where i is an integer of 1 to 22, Rk is selected from R469 to R608, and each of Rq, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, and is defined by L A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)(R1) to L A' Composed of 20-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608); and

[0392] L A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl) has the same structure as defined in Listing 4, where i is an integer of 1 to 22, Rl is selected from R469 to R608, and each of Rq, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, and is defined by L A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R469) to L A'Composed of 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608).

[0393] In some embodiments, L is specifically included and envisioned. y The following are examples of n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru):

[0394] L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru) has the same structure as defined in Listing 6, where n is an integer from 1 to 47, Rt is selected from R469 to R608, and each of Rq and Ru is independently selected from R1 to R608, and is determined by L y 1-(R1)(R469)(R1) to L y Composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608);

[0395] L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru) has the same structure as defined in Listing 6, where n is an integer from 1 to 47, Ru is selected from R469 to R608, and each of Rq and Ru is independently selected from R1 to R608, and is determined by L y 1-(R1)(R1)(R469) to L y Composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608).

[0396] For clarity, the following illustrative examples are also provided. For instance, a compound of formula I can consist of compounds from combinations of Lists 4 and 6 shown below:

[0397] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)(R1))(L y 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where L A' In i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl), Rq is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rj, Rk and Rl are each independently selected from R1 to R608.

[0398] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)(R1))(L y1-(R469)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rj is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq, Rk and Rl are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0399] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)(R1))(L y 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rk is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq, Ri and Rl are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0400] From compound Pt(L A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R469))(L y 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rl is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq, Ri and Rj are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0401] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)(R1))(L y 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608))A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rt is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Ru are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0402] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)(R1))(L y 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rt is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Ru are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0403] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)(R1))(L y 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rt is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Ru are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0404] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R469))(L y 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rt is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Ru are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0405] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)(R1))(L y 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Ru is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Rt are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0406] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)(R1))(L y 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Ru is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Rt are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0407] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)(R1))(L y 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Ru is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Rt are each independently selected from R1 to R608; or

[0408] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R469))(L y 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)) to Pt(L A'22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Ru is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Rt are each independently selected from R1 to R608.

[0409] In some embodiments, a compound of formula I may include a compound formed by a combination of Lists 4 and 7 as shown below:

[0410] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)(R1))(L y 48-(R1)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 94-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n'-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where L A' In i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl), Rq is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rj, Rk and Rl are each independently selected from R1 to R608.

[0411] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)(R1))(L y 48-(R1)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 94-(R608)(R608)(R608) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n'-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rj is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq, Rk and Rl are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0412] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)(R1))(L y 48-(R1)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A'22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 94-(R608)(R608)(R608) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n'-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rk is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq, Ri and Rl are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0413] From compound Pt(L) A' 1-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R469))(L y 48-(R1)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 22-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 94-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n'-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rl is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq, Ri and Rj are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0414] In some embodiments, a compound of formula I may include a compound formed by a combination of Lists 5 and 6 as shown below:

[0415] From compound Pt(L) A' 23-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1))(L y 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)) to Pt(L A' 44-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i'-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where L y In n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru), Rq is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rt and Ru are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0416] From compound Pt(L) A' 23-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1))(L y 1-(R1)(R469)(R1)) to Pt(L A'44-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608)) A' i'-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Rt is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Ru are each independently selected from R1 to R608;

[0417] From compound Pt(L) A' 23-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1))(L y 1-(R1)(R1)(R469)) to Pt(L A' 44-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608))(L y Pt(L) composed of 47-(R608)(R608)(R608) A' i'-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl))(L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru)), where Ru is selected from R469 to R608, and the remaining Rq and Rt are each independently selected from R1 to R608.

[0418] In some embodiments, the compound is selected from compounds having the formula Pt(L A' Groups consisting of compounds with the alpha group (Ly):

[0419]

[0420] Where L A' Choose from List 1 or from the groups of structures shown in List 9 below:

[0421]

[0422]

[0423]

[0424] Where L y Choose a group from list 2 or a structure from list 10 below:

[0425]

[0426]

[0427] in:

[0428] If L A' If Ly is selected from List 1, then Ly is selected from List 10.

[0429] If Ly is selected from List 2, then L A' Selected from Listing 9. For clarity, it is intended to cover L in Listing 9. A' Combination with Ly in Listing 10.

[0430] In some embodiments, each R A R C R D R E R F R X R Y R, R' and R" are independently selected from the groups consisting of R1 to R608.

[0431] In some embodiments, the compound is selected from compounds having the formula Pt(L A' Groups consisting of compounds with the alpha group (Ly):

[0432]

[0433] Where L A' Choose the structure and L from list 5. A' A group consisting of i”-(Ri)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl), where i” is an integer from 41 to 56, where each of Ri, Rj, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, and L A' 41-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 56-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608) has the structure shown in Listing 11 below:

[0434]

[0435]

[0436]

[0437] Where L y Choose the structure from list 7 and L y A group consisting of j'-(Rs)(Rt)(Ru)(Rv), where j' is an integer from 95 to 102, where each of Rs, Rt, Ru, and Rv is independently selected from R1 to R608, and L y 95-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1) to L y Each of 102-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608) has the structure shown in Listing 12 below:

[0438]

[0439]

[0440] Where L A' If Ly is selected from List 5, then Ly is selected from List 12;

[0441] If Ly is selected from List 7, then L A' Selected from List 11; and

[0442] Each of R1 to R608 is defined in Listing 8 as defined herein.

[0443] In some embodiments, List 12 may also be combined with List 4; and List 11 may be combined with List 6. These combinations are supplements to the combinations of List 11 and List 12 in a manner already described.

[0444] In some embodiments, the compounds are selected from the group consisting of the structures in List 13 below:

[0445]

[0446]

[0447]

[0448]

[0449]

[0450]

[0451]

[0452]

[0453]

[0454]

[0455] In some embodiments, the compounds having the structure of Formula I described herein (L) A )M(L B The compound is partially or fully deuterated. In some embodiments, the compound is fully deuterated. In some embodiments, the compound having the structure of Formula I described herein (L) A )M(L BThe deuteration percentage can be at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or 100%. As used herein, the percentage of deuteration has its general meaning and includes the percentage of all possible hydrogen atoms (e.g., hydrogen or deuterium positions) occupied by deuterium atoms in the compound. In some embodiments, the carbon atoms constituting the ring coordinated to the metal M are fully or partially deuterated. In some embodiments, the carbon atoms of the polycyclic system coordinated to the metal M are fully or partially deuterated. In some embodiments, the substituents attached to the monocyclic or fused polycyclic system coordinated to the metal M are fully or partially deuterated.

[0456] In some embodiments, the Formula I compound emits at room temperature with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) equal to or less than 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, or 5 nm. A narrower FWHM means better color purity for OLED display applications.

[0457] In some embodiments, the compound may be an emission dopant. In some embodiments, the compound may generate emission via phosphorescence, fluorescence, thermally activated delayed fluorescence, triplet-triplet annihilation, or a combination of these methods. In some embodiments, the emission dopant may be a racemic mixture or may be enriched with one enantiomer. In some embodiments, the compounds of the present invention may have different stereoisomers, such as fac and mer. The present compounds relate to individual isomers and mixtures of various isomers in any mixing ratio. In some embodiments, the compound may be homogeneous (each ligand is the same). In some embodiments, the compound may be mixed (at least one ligand is different from the others). In some embodiments, when more than one ligand coordinated to a metal is present, the ligands may all be the same. In some other embodiments, at least one ligand is different from the other ligands. In some embodiments, each ligand may be different from all the other ligands. This also holds true in embodiments where a ligand coordinated to a metal may be linked to other ligands coordinated to the metal to form a tridentate, tetradentate, pentadentate, or hexadentate ligand. Therefore, in the case where the ligands are linked together, in some embodiments all the ligands may be the same, and in some other embodiments at least one of the linked ligands may be different from the other ligands.

[0458] In another aspect of this disclosure, a formulation comprising the novel compounds disclosed herein is described. The formulation may include one or more components disclosed herein selected from the group consisting of: solvents, emitters, hosts, hole injection materials, hole transport materials, electron blocking materials, hole blocking materials, and electron transport materials.

[0459] This disclosure covers the chemical structure of any novel compound comprising this disclosure or its monovalent or multivalent variants. In other words, the compound of the present invention or its monovalent or multivalent variants may be part of a larger chemical structure. Such chemical structures may be selected from the group consisting of monomers, polymers, macromolecules, and supramolecular (also called supermolecules). As used herein, a “monovalent variant of a compound” refers to the same part of the compound, but in which one hydrogen has been removed and replaced with a bond to the rest of the chemical structure. As used herein, a “multivalent variant of a compound” refers to the same part of the compound, but in which more than one hydrogen has been removed and replaced with one or more bonds to the rest of the chemical structure. In the case of supramolecular compounds, the compound of the present invention may also be incorporated into supramolecular complexes without covalent bonds. As used in this context, the description of structure A comprising part B means that structure A comprises the structure of part B, the structure of which does not include H or D atoms that can be attached to part B. This is because at least one H or D on a given part of the structure must be replaced with a substituent so that part B may be part of structure A, and after it becomes part of structure A, one or more of the H or D on the given part of the structure B may be further substituted.

[0460] C. OLEDs and devices disclosed herein

[0461] In another aspect, this disclosure also provides an OLED device comprising a first organic layer containing compounds as disclosed in the foregoing compound section of this disclosure.

[0462] In some embodiments, the OLED comprises: an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic layer comprises a compound having the structure of Formula I as described herein (L A )M(L B ).

[0463] In some embodiments, the organic layer is selected from the group consisting of HIL, HTL, EBL, EML, HBL, ETL, and EIL. In some embodiments, the organic layer may be an emission layer and the compound as described herein may be an emission dopant or a non-emission dopant. In some embodiments, the emission layer may further optionally contain a dopant selected from the group consisting of delayed fluorescence and non-delayed fluorescence.

[0464] In some embodiments, the organic layer may further comprise a body, wherein the body comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of: triphenylene, carbazole, indolocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenene, 5λ 2-Benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[3,2-a]imidazolium, 5,9-dioxa-13b-boronazona[3,2,1-de]anthracene, azacyclohexylborane, oxaborane, dihydroacridine, oxanthracene, dihydrobenzoazasilane, dibenzooxasiline, phenoxazine, phenoxthiazine, dihydrophenazine, fluorene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, phenanthroline, benzoquinoline, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridine, triazine, borylalkyl, silylalkyl, aza-triphenylene, aza-carbazole, aza-indolocarbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzoselenophene, aza-5λ 2 - benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[3,2-a]imidazo and aza-(5,9-dioxa-13b-boronanaphtho[3,2,1-de]anthracene).

[0465] In some embodiments, the subject may be selected from the group of structures in the following subject group 1:

[0466]

[0467]

[0468]

[0469]

[0470]

[0471]

[0472]

[0473] in:

[0474] Each of J1 to J6 is independently either C or N;

[0475] L' is a direct bond or an organic linker;

[0476] Each Y AA Y BB Y CC and Y DD Independently select from the following groups: non-existent bond, direct bond, O, S, Se, CRR', SiRR', GeRR', NR, BR, BRR';

[0477] R A' R B' R C' R D' RE' R F' and R G' Each of these terms independently represents monosubstituted, at most maximum substituted, or unsubstituted.

[0478] Each R, R', R A' R B' R C' R D' R E' R F' and R G' Substituents are independently hydrogen or selected from the group of general substituents as defined herein; any two substituents may join or fuse to form a ring;

[0479] Furthermore, where possible, each unsubstituted aromatic carbon atom can be replaced by one or more N atoms to form a nitrogen-substituted ring.

[0480] In some embodiments, at least one of J1 to J3 is N. In some embodiments, at least two of J1 to J3 are N. In some embodiments, all three of J1 to J3 are N. In some embodiments, each Y CC and Y DD Independently, it is O, S, or SiRR', or more preferably O or S. In some embodiments, at least one unsubstituted aromatic carbon atom is substituted with N to form a nitrogen heterocycle.

[0481] In some embodiments, L' is an organic linker selected from the group consisting of: BR, BRR', NR, PR, P(O)R, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR, C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', GeRR', alkylene, cycloalkyl, aryl, cycloalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and combinations thereof.

[0482] In some embodiments, the subject is selected from the group consisting of: EG1-MG1-EG1 to EG53-MG27-EG53 having the formula EGa-MGb-EGc, or EG1-EG1 to EG53-EG53 having the formula EGa-EGc when MGb is absent, where a is an integer from 1 to 53, b is an integer from 1 to 27, and c is an integer from 1 to 53. The structures of EG1 to EG53 are shown below:

[0483]

[0484]

[0485] The structures of MG1 to MG27 are shown below:

[0486]

[0487] In the MGb structure shown above, the two bond positions in the asymmetric structures MG10, MG11, MG12, MG13, MG14, MG17, MG24 and MG25 are marked with numbers for identification purposes.

[0488] In some embodiments, the subject can be any of its nitrogen-substituted variants, its fully or partially deuterated variants, and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the subject has the formula EGa-MGb-Egc and is selected from the group consisting of h1 to h112 as defined in the following list of subjects group 2, wherein each of MGb, EGa, and EGc is defined as follows:

[0489]

[0490]

[0491] In the table above, the EGa and EGc structures bonded to one of the asymmetric structures MG10, MG11, MG12, MG13, MG14, MG17, MG24 and MG25 are marked with a numerical prefix, which indicates their bond position in the MGb structure.

[0492] In some embodiments, the organic layer may further comprise a body, wherein the body comprises a metal complex.

[0493] In some embodiments, the emitter layer may comprise two bodies: a first body and a second body. In some embodiments, the first body is a hole transport body and the second body is an electron transport body. In some embodiments, the first body is a hole transport body and the second body is a bipolar body. In some embodiments, the first body is an electron transport body and the second body is a bipolar body. In some embodiments, the first body and the second body may form an excited-state complex. In some embodiments, the emitter layer may comprise a third body. In some embodiments, the third body is selected from the group consisting of: an insulating body (wide bandgap body), a hole transport body, and an electron transport body. In some embodiments, the third body forms an excited-state complex with one of the first body and the second body, or with both of the first body and the second body. In some embodiments, the emitter layer may comprise a fourth body. In some embodiments, the fourth body is selected from the group consisting of: an insulating body (wide bandgap body), a hole transport body, and an electron transport body. In some embodiments, the fourth body forms an excited-state complex with one of the first body, the second body, and the third body, with two of the first body, the second body, and the third body, or with each of the first body, the second body, and the third body. In some embodiments, the LUMO of the electron transport host is less than -2.4 eV, less than -2.5 eV, less than -2.6 eV, or less than -2.7 eV. In some embodiments, the HOMO of the hole transport host is greater than -5.6 eV, greater than -5.5 eV, greater than -5.4 eV, or greater than -5.35 eV. HOMO and LUMO values ​​can be determined using solution electrochemistry. Solution cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry can be performed using a CH instrument model 6201B potentiostat, using anhydrous dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate as the supporting electrolyte. Glassy carbon, platinum wire, and silver wire are used as the working electrode, counter electrode, and reference electrode, respectively. The electrochemical potential can be referenced to the internal ferrocene-ferrocene redox pair (Fc / Fc+) by measuring the peak potential difference using differential pulse voltammetry.According to the literature ((a) Fink R.; Heischkel Y.; Thelakkat M.; Schmidt H.-W.), Materials Chemistry (Chem. Mater.) 1998, 10, 3620-3625; (b) Pommerehne J.; Vestweber H.; Guss W.; Mahrt RF; Bassler H.; Porsch M. M.); Daub, Journal of Advanced Materials (J. Adv. Mater.) 1995, 7, 551), determined the corresponding highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies by measuring the redox potentials of cations and anions relative to a ferrocene reference (4.8 eV relative to vacuum).

[0494] In some embodiments, the compound described herein may be a sensitizer or a component of a sensitizer; wherein the device may further include a receptor that receives energy from the sensitizer. In some embodiments, the receptor is an emitter in the device. In some embodiments, the receptor may be a fluorescent material. In some embodiments, the compound described herein may be used as a phosphorescent sensitizer in an OLED, wherein one or more layers in the OLED contain receptors in the form of one or more non-delayed fluorescent and / or delayed fluorescent materials. In some embodiments, the compound described herein may be used as a component of an excited-state complex used as a sensitizer. As a phosphorescent sensitizer, the compound must be able to transfer energy to the receptor and the receptor to emit energy or further transfer energy to the final emitter. The receptor concentration may range from 0.001% to 99.9%. The receptor may be in the same layer as the phosphorescent sensitizer or in one or more different layers. In some embodiments, the receptor is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material. In some embodiments, the receptor is a non-delayed fluorescent material. In some embodiments, emission may be generated by any one or all of the sensitizer, receptor, and final emitter. In some embodiments, the receptor emits at room temperature with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) equal to or less than 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, or 5 nm. A narrower FWHM indicates better color purity for OLED display applications.

[0495] As used herein, phosphorescence generally refers to photon emission when the electron spin quantum number changes, i.e., the initial and final states of emission have different electron spin quantum numbers, such as from T1 to S0. Most Ir and Pt complexes currently used in OLEDs are phosphorescent emitters. In some embodiments, such excited-state complexes can also emit phosphorescence if the formation involves a triplet emitter. On the other hand, fluorescent emitters generally refer to photon emission when the electron spin quantum number remains constant, such as from S1 to S0 or from D1 to D0. Fluorescent emitters can be delayed or non-delayed fluorescent emitters. Depending on the spin state, fluorescent emitters can be singlet, doublet, or other multiplyt emitters. It is believed that the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of fluorescent OLEDs can exceed the 25% spin statistical limit through delayed fluorescence. Two types of delayed fluorescence exist: P-type and E-type delayed fluorescence. P-type delayed fluorescence is generated by triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA). On the other hand, E-type delayed fluorescence does not depend on the collision of two triplet states, but rather on the thermal population between the triplet and singlet excited states. Thermal energy can activate the triplet state to transition back to the singlet state. This type of delayed fluorescence is also known as TADF. E-type delayed fluorescence characteristics can be seen in excited-state complex systems or single compounds. Without being bound by theory, it is assumed that TADF emission requires a small singlet-triplet bandgap (ΔE) less than or equal to 400, 350, 300, 250, 200, 150, 100, or 50 meV. S-T These are compounds or excited-state complexes of electron transport compounds (TADFs). There are two main types of TADF emitters: one called donor-acceptor TADF and the other called multi-resonant (MR) TADF. Typically, single-compound donor-acceptor TADF compounds are constructed by connecting an electron donor moiety (such as an amino or carbazole derivative) and an electron acceptor moiety (such as an N-containing six-membered aromatic ring or a cyano-substituted aromatic ring). Donor-acceptor excited-state complexes can be formed between hole-transporting compounds and electron-transporting compounds. Examples of MR-TADF materials include highly conjugated fused-ring systems. In some embodiments, MR-TADF materials contain boron, carbon, and nitrogen atoms. Such materials may also contain other atoms, such as oxygen. In some embodiments, the reverse intersystem crossing time from T1 to S1 for delayed fluorescence emission at 293 K is less than or equal to 10 microseconds. In some embodiments, such a time can be greater than 10 microseconds and less than 100 microseconds.

[0496] In some embodiments, the OLED may include additional compounds selected from the group consisting of: non-delayed fluorescent materials, delayed fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, and combinations thereof.

[0497] In some embodiments, the compounds of the present invention described herein are phosphorescent materials.

[0498] In some embodiments, the phosphorescent material is an emitter that emits light within the OLED. In some embodiments, the phosphorescent material does not emit light within the OLED. In some embodiments, the phosphorescent material transfers its excited state to another material within the OLED. In some embodiments, the phosphorescent material participates in charge transport within the OLED. In some embodiments, the phosphorescent material is a sensitizer or a component of a sensitizer, and the OLED further includes an acceptor. In some embodiments, the phosphorescent material forms an excited-state complex with another material within the OLED (e.g., a host material, an emitter material).

[0499] In some embodiments, the non-delayed fluorescent material or the delayed fluorescent material is an emitter that emits light within the OLED. In some embodiments, the non-delayed fluorescent material or the delayed fluorescent material does not emit light within the OLED. In some embodiments, the non-delayed fluorescent material or the delayed fluorescent material transfers its excited state to another material within the OLED. In some embodiments, the non-delayed fluorescent material or the delayed fluorescent material participates in charge transport within the OLED. In some embodiments, the non-delayed fluorescent material or the delayed fluorescent material is an acceptor, and the OLED further includes a sensitizer.

[0500] In some embodiments of OLEDs, the delayed fluorescence material comprises at least one donor group and at least one acceptor group. In some embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material is a metal complex. In some embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material is a non-metallic complex. In some embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material is a Pt, Pd, Zn, Cu, Ag, or Au complex (some of which are also referred to as metal-assisted (MA)TADF). In some embodiments, the metal-assisted delayed fluorescence material comprises a metal-carbamate bond. In some embodiments, the non-delayed fluorescence material or the delayed fluorescence material comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of: arylamine, aryloxy, arylthio, triphenylene, carbazole, indolocarbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenene, 5λ 2 -Benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[3,2-a]imidazo, 5,9-dioxa-13b-boronazona[3,2,1-de]anthracene, 5λ 2 ,9λ 2 -diaza-13b-boronanaphene[2,3,4-de]anthracene, 5-oxa-9λ 2-aza-13b-boronazonaphtho[3,2,1-de]anthracene, azacyclohexylborane, oxaborane, dihydroacridine, oxanthracene, dihydrobenzoazasilane, dibenzooxasilane, phenoxazine, phenoxthiazine, dihydrophenoxazine, fluorene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, phenanthroline, benzoquinoline, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridine, triazine, borane, amino, silane, their aza variants and combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the non-delayed fluorescent material or the delayed fluorescent material comprises tri(aryl / heteroaryl)borane, wherein one or more pairs of substituents from the aryl / heteroaryl group are bonded to form a ring. In some embodiments, the fluorescent material comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of: naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, fluorene, pyrene, Perylene and azurite.

[0501] In another aspect, the OLED of this disclosure may also include an emitting region containing compounds or formulations of compounds as disclosed in the foregoing compound portion of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the emitting region may contain compounds or formulations having a structure of Formula I as described herein (L A )M(L B In some embodiments, the emission region comprises one or more organic layers, wherein at least one of the one or more organic layers has a minimum thickness selected from the group consisting of: 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650 and In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more organic layers is formed by an emission system having a figure of merit (FOM) equal to or greater than a value selected from the group consisting of: 2.50, 2.55, 2.60, 2.65, 2.70, 2.75, 2.80, 2.85, 2.90, 2.95, 3.00, 5.00, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0. A definition of FOM is available in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2023 / 0292605, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more organic layers comprises a compound or formulation of a compound as disclosed in Parts A and D of this disclosure.

[0502] In some embodiments, the OLED or emitting region comprising the compound of the present invention disclosed herein may be incorporated into a full-color pixel arrangement of a device. Such a full-color pixel arrangement of a device comprises at least one pixel, wherein the at least one pixel comprises a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel comprises a first OLED, which comprises a first emitting region. The second sub-pixel comprises a second OLED, which comprises a second emitting region. In some embodiments, the first and / or second OLEDs, the first and / or second emitting regions may be the same or different and may each independently have various device features and embodiments comprising the compound of the present invention, as well as various combinations and sub-combinations of various device features and embodiments comprising the compound of the present invention, as disclosed herein.

[0503] In some embodiments, the first emission region is configured to emit light with a peak wavelength λ. max1 The second emission region is configured to emit light with a peak wavelength λ. max2 The light. In some embodiments, the peak wavelength λ max1 With λ max2 The difference between them is at least 4 nm but within the same color. For example, light blue and dark blue light as described above. In some embodiments, the first emission region is configured to emit light with a peak wavelength λ in one region of the visible spectrum at 400-500 nm, 500-600 nm, or 600-700 nm. max1 The light emitted; and the second emission region is configured to emit light having a peak wavelength λ in one of the remaining regions of the visible spectrum of 400-500 nm, 500-600 nm, and 600-700 nm. max2 The light emitted. In some embodiments, the first emitting region comprises (if more than one) a first number of emitting layers deposited on the other; and the second emitting region comprises (if more than one) a second number of emitting layers deposited on the other; and the first number is different from the second number. In some embodiments, both the first emitting region and the second emitting region comprise phosphorescent materials that may be the same or different. In some embodiments, the first emitting region comprises phosphorescent material, while the second emitting region comprises fluorescent material. In some embodiments, both the first emitting region and the second emitting region comprise fluorescent materials that may be the same or different.

[0504] In some embodiments, at least one pixel of an OLED or emitting region comprises a total of N sub-pixels; wherein the N sub-pixels include a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel; wherein each of the N sub-pixels includes an emitting region; wherein the total number of emitting regions within at least one pixel is equal to or less than N-1. In some embodiments, the second emitting region is identical to the first emitting region; and each sub-pixel of at least one pixel includes an emitting region identical to the first emitting region. In some embodiments, a full-color pixel arrangement may have multiple pixels including a first pixel region and a second pixel region; wherein at least one display feature in the first pixel region differs from a corresponding display feature in the second pixel region, and wherein the at least one display feature is selected from the group consisting of: resolution, cavity mode, color, external coupling, and color filter.

[0505] In some embodiments, the OLED is a stacked OLED comprising one or more charge generating layers (CGLs). In some embodiments, the OLED comprises a first electrode, a first emitting region disposed above the first electrode, a first CGL disposed above the first emitting region, a second emitting region disposed above the first CGL, and a second electrode disposed above the second emitting region. In some embodiments, the first emitting region and / or the second emitting region may have various device features as described above for pixelation devices. In some embodiments, the stacked OLED is configured to emit white. In some embodiments, one or more of the emitting regions in the pixelated OLED or stacked OLED comprise a sensitizer and an acceptor having various sensitization device features and various embodiments of the compounds of the present invention disclosed herein. For example, the first emitting region is included in a sensitization device while the second emitting region is not included in a sensitization device; in some cases, both the first and second emitting regions are included in a sensitization device.

[0506] In some embodiments, the OLED can emit light from plasmonic modes having at least 1%, 5%, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% light intensity. In some embodiments, at least one of the anode, cathode, or a new layer disposed above the organic emitting layer serves as a reinforcement layer. The reinforcement layer comprises a plasmonic material exhibiting surface plasmon resonance, which is nonradiatively coupled to the emitter material and transfers excited-state energy from the emitter material to the nonradiative mode of the surface plasmon polaritons. In some embodiments, the reinforcement layer is positioned at a distance from the organic emitting layer not exceeding a threshold distance, wherein the emitter material has a total nonradiative decay rate constant and a total radiative decay rate constant due to the presence of the reinforcement layer. The threshold distance is the position where the total nonradiative decay rate constant equals the total radiative decay rate constant. Another threshold distance is the distance at which the total radiative decay rate constant divided by the sum of the total nonradiative decay rate constant and the total radiative decay rate constant equals the photoluminescence yield of the emitting material without the reinforcement layer.

[0507] In some embodiments, the OLED further includes an external coupling layer. In some embodiments, the external coupling layer is disposed above the enhancement layer on the side opposite the organic emitting layer. The external coupling layer scatters energy from surface plasmon polaritons. In some embodiments, this energy is scattered as photons into free space. In other embodiments, energy is scattered from the surface plasmon polariton modes of the device into other modes, such as, but not limited to, organic waveguide modes, substrate modes, or another waveguide mode. In some embodiments, one or more intermediary layers may be disposed between the enhancement layer and the external coupling layer. Examples of intermediary layers may be dielectric materials, including organic, inorganic, perovskite, and oxide materials, and may comprise stacks and / or mixtures of these materials.

[0508] The enhancement layer alters the effective properties of the medium in which the emitter material resides, thereby causing any or all of the following: reduced emissivity, altered emission profile, changes in emission intensity with angle, altered emitter material stability, altered OLED efficiency, and reduced roll-off efficiency of the OLED device. Placing the enhancement layer on the cathode side, anode side, or both sides, or placing the enhancement layer itself as a CGL, produces an OLED device that utilizes any of the aforementioned effects. In addition to the specific functional layers mentioned herein and illustrated in the various OLED examples shown in the figures, the OLED according to this disclosure may also include any other functional layers commonly found in OLEDs.

[0509] In some embodiments, the reinforcing layer may comprise a plasmonic material, an optically active metamaterial, or a hyperbolic metamaterial. In some embodiments, the plasmonic material comprises at least one metal. In such embodiments, the metal may comprise at least one of the following: Ag, Al, Au, Ir, Pt, Ni, Cu, W, Ta, Fe, Cr, Mg, Ga, Rh, Ti, Ru, Pd, In, Bi, or Ca, alloys or mixtures of these materials, and stacks of these materials. In some embodiments, the reinforcing layer is configured as a planar layer. In other embodiments, the reinforcing layer is characterized by wavelengths arranged periodically, quasi-periodically, or randomly, or by subwavelengths arranged periodically, quasi-periodically, or randomly.

[0510] In some embodiments, the outer coupling layer has a wavelength or subwavelength characteristic of being arranged periodically, quasi-periodically, or randomly. In some embodiments, the outer coupling layer may be composed of a plurality of nanoparticles. In some embodiments, the outer coupling layer is composed of a plurality of nanoparticles disposed on a material. In these embodiments, the outer coupling layer can be adjusted by at least one of the following: changing the size of the plurality of nanoparticles, changing the shape of the plurality of nanoparticles, changing the material of the plurality of nanoparticles, adjusting the thickness of the material, changing the refractive index of the material, adding an additional layer disposed on the plurality of nanoparticles, changing the thickness of a reinforcing layer, or changing the material of a reinforcing layer. The plurality of nanoparticles of the device may be formed from at least one of the following: metal, dielectric material, semiconductor material, metal alloy, mixture of dielectric materials, stack or layer of one or more materials and / or a core of one type of material coated with a shell of another type of material. In some embodiments, the outer coupling layer is composed of at least metal nanoparticles, wherein the metal is selected from the group consisting of: Ag, Al, Au, Ir, Pt, Ni, Cu, W, Ta, Fe, Cr, Mg, Ga, Rh, Ti, Ru, Pd, In, Bi, and Ca, alloys or mixtures of these materials, and stacks of these materials. In some embodiments, the outer coupling layer is formed by photolithography.

[0511] In some embodiments of the plasmonic device, the emitter and / or host compound used in the emitter layer has a vertical dipole ratio (VDR) of 0.33 or greater. In some such embodiments, the emitter and / or host compound has a VDR of 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70 or greater.

[0512] In another aspect, this disclosure also provides a consumer product comprising an organic light-emitting device (OLED) having an anode; a cathode; and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic layer may comprise compounds or formulations of compounds as disclosed in the above compound section of this disclosure.

[0513] In some embodiments, a consumer product includes an OLED having an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic layer may comprise a compound having the structure of Formula I as described herein (L... A )M(L B ).

[0514] Generally, an OLED comprises at least one organic layer disposed between and electrically connected to both the anode and cathode. When a current is applied, holes are injected into the anode and electrons into the organic layer from the cathode. The injected holes and electrons migrate toward their respective oppositely charged electrodes. When electrons and holes are localized on the same molecule, an "exciton" is formed, which is a localized electron-hole pair with an excited energy state. When the exciton relaxes through a photoemission mechanism, light is emitted. In some cases, excitons can be localized as excimers or excited-state complexes. Non-radiative mechanisms (such as thermal relaxation) may also occur, but are generally considered undesirable.

[0515] Figure 1 An organic light-emitting device 100 is shown. The figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Device 100 may include a substrate 110, an anode 115, a hole injection layer (HIL) 120, a hole transport layer (HTL) 125, an electron blocking layer (EBL) 130, an emission layer (EML) 135, a hole blocking layer (HBL) 140, an electron transport layer (ETL) 145, an electron injection layer (EIL) 150, a protective layer 155, a cathode 160, and a blocking layer 170. The cathode 160 is a composite cathode having a first conductive layer 162 and a second conductive layer 164. Device 100 can be fabricated by sequentially depositing the layers. The properties and functions of these various layers, as well as the example materials, are described in more detail in columns 6-10 of US 7,279,704, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0516] Further examples of each of these layers are available. For instance, a flexible and transparent substrate-anode combination is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,844,363, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. An example of a p-doped hole transport layer is m-MTDATA doped with F4-TCNQ in a 50:1 molar ratio, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 0230980, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Examples of luminescent and host materials are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,303,238 to Thompson et al., which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. An example of an n-doped electron transport layer is BPhen doped with Li in a 1:1 molar ratio, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 0230980, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Examples of cathodes, comprising composite cathodes having a thin layer of metal (e.g., Mg:Ag) having an overlying transparent, conductive, sputtered ITO layer, are disclosed in their entirety in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,703,436 and 5,707,745, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Theories and uses of barrier layers are described in more detail in U.S. Patent No. 6,097,147 and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 0230980, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Examples of implantation layers are provided in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0174116, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Descriptions of protective layers can be found in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004 / 0174116, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0517] Figure 2 An inverted OLED 200 is shown. The device includes a substrate 210, a cathode 215, an emitter layer 220, a hole transport layer 225, and an anode 230. The device 200 can be fabricated by sequentially depositing these layers. Because the most common OLED configuration has a cathode disposed above the anode, and the device 200 has a cathode 215 disposed below the anode 230, the device 200 can be referred to as an "inverted" OLED. Materials similar to those described with respect to device 100 can be used in the corresponding layers of the device 200. Figure 2 Provide an example of how some layers can be omitted from the structure of device 100.

[0518] Figure 1 and 2The simple layered structures described herein are provided by way of non-limiting examples, and it should be understood that embodiments of this disclosure can be used in conjunction with a variety of other structures. The specific materials and structures described are exemplary in nature, and other materials and structures can be used. Functional OLEDs can be obtained by combining the various layers described in different ways, or the layers can be omitted entirely based on design, performance, and cost factors. Other layers not specifically described may also be included. Materials other than those specifically described may be used. Although many examples provided herein describe various layers as comprising a single material, it should be understood that combinations of materials, such as mixtures of host and dopant, or more generally, mixtures, can be used. Furthermore, the layers may have various sublayers. The names given to the various layers herein are not intended to be strictly limiting. For example, in device 200, hole transport layer 225 transports holes and injects holes into emitter layer 220, and can be described as a hole transport layer or a hole injection layer. In one embodiment, an OLED may be described as having an “organic layer” disposed between a cathode and an anode. This organic layer may comprise a single layer, or may further comprise, for example, regarding Figure 1 and 2 Multiple layers of the different organic materials mentioned above.

[0519] Structures and materials not specifically described can also be used, such as OLEDs (PLEDs) containing polymeric materials, as disclosed in, for example, U.S. Patent No. 5,247,190 to Friend et al., which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. By another example, OLEDs with a single organic layer can be used. OLEDs can be stacked, for example, as described in, U.S. Patent No. 5,707,745 to Forrest et al., which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. OLED structures can be deviated from... Figure 1 and 2 The simple layered structure described herein. For example, the substrate may include angled reflective surfaces to improve out-coupling, such as the tabletop structure described in U.S. Patent No. 6,091,195 to Forrest et al., and / or the recessed structure described in U.S. Patent No. 5,834,893 to Bulovic et al., which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0520] Unless otherwise specified, any of the layers in the various embodiments may be deposited by any suitable method. For organic layers, preferred methods include thermal evaporation, inkjet printing (as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,013,982 and 6,087,196, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety), organic vapor deposition (OVPD) (as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,337,102 by Forrest et al., which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety), and deposition via organic vapor jet printing (OVJP, also known as organic vapor jet deposition (OVJD)) (as described in U.S. Patent No. 7,431,968, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). Other suitable deposition methods include spin coating and other solution-based processes. Solution-based processes are preferably performed in a nitrogen or inert atmosphere. For other layers, preferred methods include thermal evaporation, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition, and electron beam deposition. Preferred patterning methods include patterning via mask deposition, photolithography, and cold soldering (as described in U.S. Patents 6,294,398 and 6,468,819, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety) and some of the methods associated with deposition methods such as inkjet and organic vapor jet printing (OVJP). Other methods may also be used. The material to be deposited may be modified to suit a particular deposition method. For example, branched or unbranched substituents, preferably containing at least three carbons, such as alkyl and aryl groups, may be used in small molecules to enhance their solution handling ability. Substituents having 20 or more carbons may be used, with 3 to 20 carbons being a preferred range. Materials with asymmetric structures may have better solution handling ability than materials with symmetric structures because asymmetric materials may have a lower tendency to recrystallize. Dendritic polymer substituents may be used to enhance the solution handling ability of small molecules.

[0521] The device manufactured according to embodiments of this disclosure may optionally further include a barrier layer. One use of the barrier layer is to protect the electrodes and organic layers from damage caused by exposure to harmful substances in an environment including moisture, vapor, and / or gases. The barrier layer may be deposited on, under, or beside a substrate or electrode, or on any other part of the device, including edges. The barrier layer may comprise a single layer or multiple layers. The barrier layer can be formed using various known chemical vapor deposition techniques and may comprise compositions having a single phase and compositions having multiple phases. Any suitable material or combination of materials may be used for the barrier layer. The barrier layer may contain inorganic compounds or organic compounds, or both. Preferred barrier layers comprise multiple alternative layers of materials including: polymeric and nonpolymeric materials; organic and inorganic materials; or mixtures of polymeric and nonpolymeric materials, an example of which is described in U.S. Patent No. 7,968,146, PCT Patent Application Nos. PCT / US2007 / 023098 and PCT / US2009 / 042829, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0522] The apparatus manufactured according to embodiments of this disclosure can be incorporated into a wide variety of electronic component modules (or units), which can be incorporated into a variety of electronic products or intermediate components. Examples of such electronic products or intermediate components include displays, lighting devices (such as discrete light source devices or lighting panels), etc., which can be utilized by end-user product manufacturers. The electronic component module may optionally include driving electronics and / or a power supply. The apparatus manufactured according to embodiments of this disclosure can be incorporated into a wide variety of consumer products having one or more electronic component modules (or units) incorporated therein. A consumer product incorporating an OLED is disclosed, wherein the OLED includes compounds of this disclosure in its organic layer. The consumer product should include any type of product containing one or more light sources and / or one or more of some type of visual display. Examples of the consumer products described include flat panel displays, curved displays, computer monitors, medical monitors, televisions, billboards, lights for internal or external lighting and / or signaling, head-up displays, fully transparent or partially transparent displays, flexible displays, rollable displays, foldable displays, stretchable displays, laser printers, telephones, cellular phones, tablet computers, phablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices, laptop computers, digital cameras, camcorders, viewfinders, microdisplays (displays with a diagonal of less than 2 inches), 3D displays, virtual reality or augmented reality displays, vehicles, video walls comprising multiple tiled displays, theater or stadium screens, phototherapy devices, and signage. Various control mechanisms, including passive and active matrices, can be used to control the devices manufactured according to this disclosure. Many of the devices are intended for use in temperature ranges comfortable for humans, such as 18°C ​​to 30°C, and more preferably at room temperature (20-25°C), but can be used outside this temperature range (e.g., -40°C to +80°C).

[0523] Further details regarding OLEDs and the definitions described above can be found in U.S. Patent No. 7,279,704, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0524] The materials and structures described herein can be applied to devices other than OLEDs. For example, other optoelectronic devices such as organic solar cells and organic photodetectors can utilize the materials and structures described herein. More generally, organic devices such as organic transistors can utilize the materials and structures described herein.

[0525] In some embodiments, the OLED has one or more features selected from the group consisting of: flexible, rollable, foldable, stretchable, and bendable. In some embodiments, the OLED is transparent or translucent. In some embodiments, the OLED further comprises a layer including carbon nanotubes. In some embodiments, the OLED further comprises one or more quantum dots. Such quantum dots may be in the emission layer or in other functional layers, such as conversion layers.

[0526] In some embodiments, the OLED comprises an RGB pixel arrangement or a white pixel arrangement with a color filter. In some embodiments, the OLED is a mobile device, a handheld device, or a wearable device. In some embodiments, the OLED is a display panel with a diagonal of less than 10 inches or an area of ​​less than 50 square inches. In some embodiments, the OLED is a display panel with a diagonal of at least 10 inches or an area of ​​at least 50 square inches. In some embodiments, the OLED is a lighting panel.

[0527] D. Other materials used in OLEDs

[0528] The materials described herein are various examples of materials that can be used in specific layers in OLEDs. They can also be used in combination with a wide variety of other materials present in the device. For example, the emission dopants disclosed herein can be used by the emission dopants themselves in the EML, or in combination with a wide variety of other emitters, hosts, transport layers, barrier layers, implantation layers, electrodes, and other layers that may be present. The materials described or mentioned below are non-limiting examples of materials that can be used in combination with the compounds and devices disclosed herein, and those skilled in the art can readily consult the literature to identify other materials that can be used in combination.

[0529] a) Conductive dopants:

[0530] Charge transport layers can be doped with conductive dopants to substantially alter their charge carrier density, which in turn changes their conductivity. Conductivity is increased by generating charge carriers in the matrix material and, depending on the type of dopant, can also achieve changes in the Fermi level of the semiconductor. Hole transport layers can be doped with p-type conductive dopants, and n-type conductive dopants are used in electron transport layers. In some embodiments, the conductive dopant comprises at least one chemical moiety selected from the group consisting of: cyano, fluorinated aryl or heteroaryl, fluorinated alkyl or cycloalkyl, alkylene, heteroaryl, amide, benzodithiophene, and highly conjugated heteroaryl extended by acyclic double bonds.

[0531] b) HIL / HTL:

[0532] The hole injection / transport materials used in this disclosure are not particularly limited, and any compound may be used, provided that the compound is commonly used as a hole injection / transport material. Examples of materials include (but are not limited to): phthalocyanine or porphyrin derivatives; aromatic amine derivatives; indole-carbazole derivatives; polymers containing fluorinated hydrocarbons; polymers with conductive dopants; conductive polymers, such as PEDOT / PSS; self-assembled monomers derived from compounds such as phosphonic acids and silane derivatives; and metal oxide derivatives, such as MoO. x p-type semiconductive organic compounds, such as 1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylhexacarbonitrile; metal complexes; and crosslinkable compounds.

[0533] Examples of aromatic amine derivatives used for HIL or HTL include (but are not limited to) the following general structures:

[0534]

[0535] Ar 1 To Ar 9 Each of these is selected from the group consisting of, for example, the following aromatic hydrocarbon cyclic compounds: benzene, biphenyl, terphenyl, triphenylene, naphthalene, anthracene, fenene, fluorene, pyrene, Perylene and azurite; the group consisting of, for example, aromatic heterocyclic compounds such as: dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoselenophene, carbazole, indolocarbazole, pyridinylindole, pyrrolodipyridine, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, oxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, oxtriazole, dioxazole, thiadiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, oxazine, oxthiazine, oxadiazine, indole, benzimidazole, indazole, inoxazine, benzoxazole, benziisoxazole, benzothiazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, zoline, quinazoline Quinoxaline, naphthidine, phthalazine, pteridine, oxanthracene, acridine, phenazine, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, benzofuranopyridine, furanodipyridine, benzothiophenopyridine, thiophenodipyridine, benzoselenophenepyridine, and selenophenodipyridine; and the group consisting of 2 to 10 cyclic structural units, said cyclic structural units being groups of the same or different types selected from aromatic hydrocarbon cyclic groups and aromatic heterocyclic groups and bonded to each other directly or via at least one of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, phosphorus, boron, chain structural units, and aliphatic cyclic groups. 1 To Ar 9 Each of them can be unsubstituted or can be substituted by the general substituents described above, and any two substituents can be joined or fused into a ring.

[0536] In some embodiments, each Ar 1 To Ar 9 Independently includes portions selected from the following groups:

[0537]

[0538] Where k is an integer from 1 to 20; X 101 To X 108 It is C or N; Z 101 It is C, N, O, or S.

[0539] Examples of metal complexes used in HIL or HTL include, but are not limited to, the following general formula:

[0540] Met is a metal with an atomic weight greater than 40; (Y 101 -Y 102 ) is a bidentate ligand, Y 101 and Y 102 The coordinating atoms are independently selected from C, N, O, P, and S; L 101 It is another ligand; k' is an integer value from 1 to the maximum number of ligands that can be bound to the metal; and k'+k" is the maximum number of ligands that can be bound to the metal.

[0541] In some embodiments, (Y) 101 -Y 102 (Y) is a 2-phenylpyridine or 2-phenylimidazole derivative. In some embodiments, (Y) 101 -Y 102 Met is a carbene ligand. In some embodiments, Met is selected from Ir, Pt, Pd, Os, Cu, and Zn. In some embodiments, the metal complex has a relative... + The minimum oxidation potential in solution with / Fc coupling is less than about 0.6V.

[0542] In some embodiments, the HIL / HTL material is selected from the group consisting of: phthalocyanine and porphyrin compounds, starburst triarylamine, CF x Fluorinated hydrocarbon polymers, conductive polymers (e.g., PEDOT:PSS, polyaniline, polythiophene), phosphonic acids and silane SAMs, triarylamines or polythiophene polymers containing conductive dopants, organic compounds containing conductive inorganic compounds (such as molybdenum oxide and tungsten oxide), n-type semiconductive organic complexes, organometallic complexes, crosslinkable compounds, polythiophene-based polymers and copolymers, triarylamines, triarylamines containing spirofluorene cores, arylamine carbazole compounds, triarylamines containing (di)benzothiophene / (di)benzofuran, indole-carbazole, isoindole compounds, and metal carbene complexes.

[0543] c) EBL:

[0544] An electron blocking layer (EBL) can be used to reduce the number of electrons and / or excitons leaving the emitter layer. The presence of such a blocking layer in a device can result in generally higher efficiency and / or longer lifetime compared to similar devices lacking a blocking layer. Furthermore, the blocking layer can be used to confine emission to a desired area of ​​the OLED. In some embodiments, the EBL material has a higher LUMO (closer to the vacuum level) and / or a higher triplet energy compared to one or more emitters closest to the EBL interface. In some embodiments, the compound used in the EBL contains at least one carbazole group and / or at least one arylamine group. In some embodiments, the HOMO level of the compound used in the EBL is shallower than the HOMO level of one or more of the bodies in the EML. In some embodiments, the compound used in the EBL contains the same molecule or the same functional groups as those used in one of the bodies described below.

[0545] d) Main body:

[0546] The light-emitting layer of the organic EL device disclosed herein preferably contains at least a light-emitting material as a dopant and a host material. Examples of the host material are not particularly limited, and any metal complex or organic compound can be used, as long as the host does not completely quench the emission of the dopant.

[0547] Examples of metal complexes used as the host preferably have the following general formula:

[0548]

[0549] Where Met is a metal; (Y) 103 -Y 104 ) is a bidentate ligand, Y 103 and Y 104 The coordinating atoms are independently selected from C, N, O, P, and S; L 101 It is another ligand; k' is an integer value from 1 to the maximum number of ligands that can be bound to the metal; and k'+k" is the maximum number of ligands that can be bound to the metal.

[0550] In some embodiments, the metal complex is:

[0551]

[0552] (ON) is a bidentate ligand of a metal that coordinates with O and N atoms.

[0553] In some embodiments, Met is selected from Ir and Pt. In another embodiment, (Y 103 -Y 104 ) is a carbaene ligand.

[0554] In some embodiments, the host compound contains at least one selected from the group consisting of, for example, aromatic hydrocarbon cyclic compounds such as: benzene, biphenyl, terphenyl, triphenylene, tetraphenylene, naphthalene, anthracene, fenene, fluorene, pyrene, etc. Perylene and azurite; the group consisting of, for example, aromatic heterocyclic compounds such as: dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenene, furan, thiophene, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzoselenene, carbazole, indolocarbazole, pyridinylindole, pyrrolodipyridine, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, oxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, oxtriazole, dioxazole, thiadiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, oxazine, oxthiazine, Oxadiazine, indole, benzimidazole, indazole, indoxazine, benzoxazole, benziisoxazole, benzothiazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, cinnamoline, quinazoline, quinoxaline, naphthidine, phthalazine, pteridine, oxanthracene, acridine, phenazine, phenothiazine, phenothiazine, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzoselenophene, aza-carbazole, aza-indolocarbazole, aza-triphenylene, aza-tetraphenylene, 5λ 2 -Benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[3,2-a]imidazolium, 5,9-dioxa-13b-boronazonaphtho[3,2,1-de]anthracene; and groups consisting of 2 to 10 cyclic structural units, said cyclic structural units being groups of the same or different types selected from aromatic hydrocarbon cyclic groups and aromatic heterocyclic groups and bonded to each other directly or via at least one of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, silicon, phosphorus, boron, chain structural units, and aliphatic cyclic groups. Each option within each group may be unsubstituted or may be substituted with universal substituents as described herein or may be further fused.

[0555] In some embodiments, the host compound comprises at least one portion selected from the group consisting of: Where k is an integer between 0 and 20 or between 1 and 20. X 101 To X 108 Independently selected from C or N. Z 101 and Z 102 It is independently selected from C, N, O, or S.

[0556] In some embodiments, the host material is selected from the group consisting of: arylcarbazole, metal 8-hydroxyquinoline compounds (e.g., alq3, balq), metal phenoxybenzothiazole compounds, conjugated oligomers and polymers (e.g., polyfluorene), aromatic fused rings, zinc complexes, and based on... Compounds, aryltriphenylene compounds, polyfused heteroaryl compounds, donor-acceptor molecules, dibenzofuran / dibenzothiophene compounds, polymers (e.g., PVK), spirofluorene compounds, spirofluorene-carbazole compounds, indole-carbazole, 5-membered electron-deficient heterocycles (e.g., triazoles, oxadiazoles), tetraphenylene complexes, metal phenoxypyridine compounds, metal coordination complexes (e.g., Zn, Al containing N^N ligands), dibenzothiophene / dibenzofuran-carbazole compounds, silicon / germanium aryl compounds, aryl benzoyl esters, non-conjugated carbazoles, aza-carbazole / dibenzofuran / dibenzothiophene compounds, and high triplet state organometallic complexes (e.g., metal-carbaene complexes).

[0557] e) Emitter material in EML:

[0558] One or more emitter materials may be used in conjunction with the compounds or devices disclosed herein. The emitter materials may be emittant or non-emittant in current devices as described herein. Examples of emitter materials are not particularly limited, and any compound may be used as long as it is capable of generating emission in a conventional OLED device. Examples of suitable emitter materials include, but are not limited to, compounds capable of generating emission via phosphorescence, non-delayed fluorescence, delayed fluorescence (especially thermally activated delayed fluorescence, i.e., TADF (also known as E-type delayed fluorescence)), triplet-triplet annihilation, or combinations thereof.

[0559] In some embodiments, the emitter material has the formula M(L) 1 ) x (L 2 ) y (L 3 ) z ;

[0560] Where L 1 L 2 and L 3 They can be the same or different;

[0561] Where x is 1, 2, or 3;

[0562] Where y is 0, 1, or 2;

[0563] Where z is 0, 1, or 2;

[0564] Where x+y+z is the oxidation state of the metal M;

[0565] Where L 1 Select the group consisting of structures from the following list of ligands:

[0566]

[0567]

[0568]

[0569] Each L 2 and L 3 Independent freedom of choice The group consisting of structures in the ligand list; where:

[0570] M is selected from the following groups: Ir, Rh, Re, Ru, Os, Pt, Pd, Zn, Au, Ag, and Cu;

[0571] T can be freely selected from the following groups: B, Al, Ga, and In;

[0572] K 1' It is a direct key or a selection of the following groups: NR e PR e , O, S and Se;

[0573] Each Y 1 To Y 15 Independently select groups composed of free carbon and nitrogen;

[0574] Y' selects from the following groups: BR e NR e PR e ,O,S,Se,C=O,S=O,SO2,CR e R f SiR e R f and GeR e R f ;

[0575] Each R a R b R c and R d It can independently represent monosubstituted to the maximum possible number of substitutions or no substitution;

[0576] Each R a1 R b1 R c1 R d1 R a R b R c R d R e and R f Substituents that are independently hydrogen or selected from the group of universal substituents as defined herein; and

[0577] Any two of the substituents can fused or joined to form a ring or a polydentate ligand.

[0578] In some embodiments, the emitter material is selected from the group consisting of the following dopant group 1:

[0579]

[0580]

[0581]

[0582]

[0583]

[0584] in

[0585] X 96 To X 99 Each of them is independently C or N;

[0586] Each Y 100 Independently select the groups composed of NR", O", S and Se;

[0587] R 10a R 20a R 30a R 40a and R 50a Each of these terms independently represents monosubstituted, at most maximum substituted, or unsubstituted.

[0588] R, R', R”, R 10a R 11a R 12a R 13a R 20a R 30a R 40a R 50a R 60 R 70 R 97 R 98 and R 99 Each of them is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of general substituents defined herein; any two substituents may join or fuse to form a ring.

[0589] In some embodiments, the emitter material is selected from the group consisting of the following dopant group 2:

[0590]

[0591]

[0592]

[0593]

[0594]

[0595]

[0596]

[0597]

[0598] in:

[0599] Each Y 100 Independently select the groups composed of NR", O", S and Se;

[0600] L is independently selected from the following groups: direct bond, BR”, BR”R”', NR”, PR”, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR”, C=CR”R”', S=O, SO2, CR”, CR”R”', SiR”R”', GeR”R”', alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and combinations thereof;

[0601] X 100 and X 200 Each time it appears, select from the following groups: O, S, Se, NR” and CR”R”';

[0602] Each R A” R B” R C” R D” R E” and R F” Independently represent monosubstituted, at most maximum substituted, or unsubstituted;

[0603] R, R', R”, R”', R A1' R A2' R A” R B” R C” R D” R E” R F” R G” R H” R I” R J” R K” R L” R M” and R N”Each of them is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of general substituents as defined herein; and any two substituents may join or fuse to form a ring.

[0604] In some embodiments of dopant groups 1 and 2 above, each unsubstituted aromatic carbon atom may be replaced by N to form a nitrogen heterocycle. In some embodiments, the maximum number of N atoms in a ring is 1 or 2. In some embodiments of dopant group 2 above, each Pt atom in the formula may be replaced by a Pd atom.

[0605] In some embodiments of OLEDs, the delayed fluorescence material comprises at least one donor group and at least one acceptor group. In some embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material is a metal complex. In some embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material is a non-metallic complex. In some embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material is a Zn, Cu, Ag, or Au complex.

[0606] In some embodiments of OLEDs, the delayed fluorescence material has the formula M(L 5 (L) 6 ), where M is Cu, Ag, or Au, L 5 and L 6 Different, and L 5 and L 6 Choose independently from the following groups:

[0607]

[0608]

[0609] Where A 1 -A 9 Each is independently selected from C or N;

[0610] Each R P R Q and R U Independently represent monosubstituted, at most maximum substituted, or unsubstituted;

[0611] Each R P R P R U R SA R SB R RA R RB R RC R RD R RE and R RF Substituents are independently hydrogen or selected from the group of general substituents as defined herein; any two substituents may join or fuse to form a ring.

[0612] In some embodiments of the OLED, the delayed fluorescence material comprises at least one donor portion selected from the group consisting of:

[0613]

[0614] Where Y T Y U Y V and Y W Each of the following groups is selected independently: B, C, Si, Ge, N, P, O, S, Se, C=O, S=O, and SO2.

[0615] In some of the above embodiments, any carbon ring atom in each benzene ring of any of the above structures, up to a total of up to three carbon ring atoms, together with their substituents, may be replaced by N.

[0616] In some embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material comprises at least one acceptor moiety selected from the group consisting of: nitrile, isonitrile, borane, fluoride, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, triazine, aza-carbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzoselenophene, aza-triphenylene, imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole, thiazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, triazole, thiadiazole, and oxadiazole. In some embodiments, the acceptor and donor moiety as described herein may be directly connected via a conjugate or non-conjugate adapter (such as sp...). 3 (Carbon or silicon atoms) are linked together.

[0617] In some embodiments, the fluorescent material comprises at least one chemical moiety selected from the group consisting of:

[0618]

[0619]

[0620] Where Y F Y G Y H and Y I Each of the following groups can be selected independently: B, C, Si, Ge, N, P, O, S, Se, C=O, S=O, and SO2;

[0621] Where X F and X G Each group is independently selected from the groups composed of C and N.

[0622] In some of the above embodiments, any carbon ring atom in each benzene ring of any of the above structures, up to a total of up to three carbon ring atoms, together with their substituents, may be replaced by N.

[0623] f)HBL:

[0624] Hole blocking layers (HBLs) can be used to reduce the number of holes and / or excitons leaving the emitter layer. The presence of such blocking layers in a device can result in generally higher efficiency and / or longer lifetime compared to similar devices lacking a blocking layer. Furthermore, blocking layers can be used to confine emission to the desired area of ​​the OLED. In some embodiments, the HBL material has a lower HOMO (farthest from vacuum level) and / or higher triplet energy compared to one or more emitters closest to the HBL interface.

[0625] In some embodiments, the compounds used in HBL contain the same molecules or the same functional groups as those used in the main body described above.

[0626] In some embodiments, the compound used in HBL comprises at least one of the following portions selected from the group consisting of:

[0627] Where k is an integer from 1 to 20; L 101 It is another ligand, and k' is an integer from 1 to 3.

[0628] g)ETL:

[0629] An electron transport layer (ETL) may comprise a material capable of transporting electrons. The ETL may be intrinsic (undoped) or doped. Doping can be used to enhance conductivity. Examples of ETL materials are not particularly limited, and any metal complex or organic compound may be used, provided it is typically used for electron transport.

[0630] In some embodiments, the compounds used in the ETL contain at least one of the following portions in their molecules: and fullerenes; where k is an integer from 1 to 20, X 101 To X 108 Selected from C or N; Z 101 Choose a group consisting of C, N, O, and S.

[0631] In some embodiments, the metal complexes used in the ETL contain, but are not limited to, the following general formula:

[0632]

[0633] Wherein (ON) or (NN) are bidentate ligands of metals that coordinate with atoms O, N, or N,N; L 101 It is another ligand; k' is an integer value from 1 to the maximum number of ligands that can be bonded to the metal.

[0634] In some embodiments, the ETL material is selected from the group consisting of: anthracene-benzimidazole compounds, azirtriene derivatives, anthracene-benzothiazole compounds, metal 8-hydroxyquinoline compounds, metal hydroxybenzoquinoline compounds, bathocuprine compounds, 5-membered electron-deficient heterocycles (e.g., triazoles, oxadiazoles, imidazoles, benzimidazoles), thiophene compounds, arylborane compounds, fluorinated aromatic compounds, fullerenes (e.g., C60), triazine complexes, and Zn(N^N) complexes.

[0635] h) Charge Generation Layer (CGL)

[0636] In tandem or stacked OLEDs, the conduction layer (CGL) plays a fundamental role in performance. It consists of an n-doped layer and a p-doped layer, respectively, for injecting electrons and holes. Electrons and holes are supplied by the CGL and the electrodes. Electrons and holes consumed in the CGL are refilled by electrons and holes injected from the cathode and anode, respectively; subsequently, the bipolar current gradually reaches a steady state. Typical CGL materials contain n- and p-conductive dopants used in the transport layer.

[0637] In any of the compounds disclosed herein, hydrogen atoms may be partially or completely deuterated. The minimum amount of deuterated hydrogen in a compound is selected from the group consisting of: 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, and 100%. As used herein, the percentage of deuteration has its general meaning and includes the percentage of all possible hydrogen and deuterium atoms replaced by deuterium atoms. In some embodiments, the deuterium atom is attached to an aromatic ring. In some embodiments, the deuterium atom is attached to a saturated carbon atom, such as an alkyl or cycloalkyl carbon atom. In some other embodiments, the deuterium atom is attached to a heteroatom, such as a Si or Ge atom.

[0638] It should be understood that the various embodiments described herein are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. For instance, many of the materials and structures described herein can be substituted with other materials and structures without departing from the spirit of the invention. The claimed invention may therefore include variations of the specific examples and preferred embodiments described herein, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. It should be understood that various theories regarding why the invention works are not intended to be limiting.

[0639] E. Experimental Data

[0640] Synthesis of 10-chloro-9H-tetrabenzo[b,d,f,h]azacyclononazone-8-amine according to US20240083929 A1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0641] Synthesize 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaboranecyclopentan-2-yl)benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridine according to CN113264911 A.

[0642] Synthesis of 10-(benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-9H-tetrabenzo[b,d,f,h]azacyclononatrane-8-amine (1): A mixture of 3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborhexacyclopentan-2-yl)benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridine (2.8 g, 9.489 mmol, 2.5 Eq), 10-chloro-9H-tetrabenzo[b,d,f,h]azacyclononatrane-8-amine (1.4 g, 3.795 mmol, 1 Eq), SPhos-Pd-G2 (273.5 mg, 0.38 mmol, 0.1 Eq) and potassium phosphate (2.417 g, 11.39 mmol, 3 Eq) was refluxed in 1,4-dioxane (18 mL) and water (2 mL) for 2 h. The product was purified by column chromatography to obtain a pure product (2.2 g, quantitative).

[0643] Synthesis of 10-(benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-N-(3-((9-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)-9H-carbazol-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-9H-tetrabenzo[b,d,f,h]azacyclononaten-8-amine (2): 10-(benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-9H-tetrabenzo[b,d,f,h]azacyclononaten-8-amine (1) (2.2 g, 4.386 mmol, 1 Eq), 2-(3-bromophenoxy) A mixture of 4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)-9H-carbazole (2.07 g, 4.386 mmol, 1 Eq), methanesulfonate-[2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl](2'-amino-1,1'-biphenyl-2-yl)palladium(II) (435.3 mg, 0.439 mmol, 0.1 Eq) and sodium 2-methylpropionate (843 mg, 8.774 mmol, 2 Eq) was refluxed in xylene (44 mL) for 12 hours. The product was purified by column chromatography to give a pure product (2.36 g, 60.3% yield).

[0644] Synthesis of 3-(benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-(3-((9-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)-9H-carbazol-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-1-chloro-1,2-dihydro-1,2a-diazatribenzo[4,5:6,7:8,9]cyclononano[1,2,3-cd]indene-2-anion-1-cation-2-anion (3): 10-(benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-N- A mixture of (3-((9-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)-9H-carbazol-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-9H-tetrabenzo[b,d,f,h]azacyclononazone-8-amine (2) (2.3 g, 2.578 mmol, 1 Eq), triethoxymethane (21.4 mL, 128.9 mmol, 50 Eq), and HCl (0.48 mL, 5.414 mmol, 2.1 Eq) was stirred at room temperature (approximately 22 °C) for 4 days. The product was purified by column chromatography to give pure product (3) (2.4 g, 99% yield).

[0645] Synthesizing compound-1 of the present invention:

[0646] A mixture of a platinum precursor (1.1 Eq), 3-(benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-(3-((9-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)-9H-carbazol-2-yl)oxy)phenyl)-1-chloro-1,2-dihydro-1,2a-diazatribenzo[4,5:6,7:8,9]cyclononano[1,2,3-cd]indene-2-anion-1-cation-2-anion (3) (1.6 g, 1.705 mmol, 1 Eq) and an organic base (3.3 Eq) was refluxed in an organic solvent (17 mL) for 24 hours. The product was purified by column chromatography to give compound 1 of the present invention (0.77 g, 41.2%).

[0647] Synthesizing compound-2 of the present invention:

[0648] Compound 2 of the present invention can be synthesized using the same scheme as that used for synthesizing compound 1 of the present invention, but using 2-(methyl-d3)-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborhexacyclopentan-2-yl)benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridine (as described in WO2022170831 A1) as well as a platinum precursor and an organic base.

[0649] Synthesizing compound-3 of the present invention:

[0650] Compound 3 of the present invention can be synthesized using the same method as compound 1, but with 2-(tert-butyl)-8-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborhexacyclopentan-2-yl)benzofurano[3,2-d]pyrimidine (4) as well as a platinum precursor and an organic base. Compound (4) can be prepared in a similar manner to 8-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborhexacyclopentan-2-yl)benzofurano[3,2-d]pyrimidine reported in WO2015114102 A1, but with tert-butylguanidine hydrochloride instead of formamidinium hydrochloride as the starting material.

[0651] Synthesizing compound-4 of the present invention:

[0652] Compound 4 of the present invention can be synthesized by using the method disclosed in US20210206785 A1, through Suzuki coupling with a Br-intermediate to react 2-(methyl-d3)-6-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaboranecyclopentan-2-yl)benzofurano[2,3-b]pyridine.

[0653] Synthesizing compound 5 of the present invention:

[0654] Compound 5 of the present invention can be synthesized according to the method disclosed in US20230159578, but using 10-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(methyl-d3)-10H-pyrido[3',2':4,5]furano[2,3-b]carbazole-8-ol instead of 9-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)-9H-carbazole-2-ol. 10-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)boronic acid can be prepared by suzu coupling to form 7-(4-methoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-2-methylbenzofuran[2,3-b]pyridine, thereby preparing 10-(4-(tert-butyl)pyridin-2-yl)-2-(methyl-d3)-10H-pyridano[3',2':4,5]furan[2,3-b]carbazole-8-ol. The resulting nitro-containing compound can be cyclized using typical Cadogen cyclization to give 8-methoxy-2-methyl-10H-pyridano[3',2':4,5]furan[2,3-b]carbazole, which can then be converted to the desired product according to the technique described in US20230159578.

[0655] Synthesizing compound 6 of this invention:

[0656] 3-(2-bromo-6-methoxyphenyl)-6-methylpyridin-2-amine can be used as a starting material (as disclosed in WO2021210911 A1), followed by coupling with 2-nitro-4-methoxyphenyl via Suzuki coupling, and then Karl chalcogenide cyclization to form 3-methyl-8H-pyridano[3',2':4,5]furano[2,3-c]carbazole, thereby synthesizing 3-methyl-8H-pyridano[3',2':4,5]furano[2,3-c]carbazole. The subsequent chemical processes for obtaining compound-6 of the present invention are described in US20190119312.

[0657] Table 1 summarizes the photophysical properties of compound 1 of the present invention and comparative compound 1.

[0658] A CH Instruments Model 6201B potentiostat was used, with anhydrous dimethylformamide solvent and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate as the supporting electrolyte, for solution cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. Glassy carbon, platinum, and silver wires were used as the working electrode, counter electrode, and reference electrode, respectively. The peak potential difference was measured by differential pulse voltammetry, with the electrochemical potential referenced to the internal ferrocene-ferrocene redox pair (Fc / Fc+). The corresponding highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies were determined by referring to the literature on the cationic and anionic redox potentials of ferrocene (4.8 eV relative to vacuum) ((a) Fink, R.; Heischkel, Y.; Thelakkat, M.; Schmidt, H.-W., Chem. Mater. 1998, 10, 3620-3625.; (b) Pommerehne, J.; Vestweber, H.; Guss, W.; Mahrt, RF; Bassler, H.; Porsch, M.; Daub, J. Adv. Mater. 1995, 7, 551).

[0659] Emission spectra were collected using a Horiba Fluorolog-3 spectrophotometer equipped with a Synapse Plus CCD detector. All samples were excited at 340 nm. Transient data were measured in the Fluorolog-3 using a 335 nm NanoLED pulsed excitation source, based on time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC). PLQY values ​​were measured using a Hamamatsu Quantaurus-QY Plus UV-NIR absolute PL quantum yield spectrometer with an excitation wavelength of 340 nm. A solution of 1% emitter with PMMA in toluene was prepared, filtered, and then cast dropwise onto a quartz substrate.

[0660] Table 1. Photophysical properties

[0661]

[0662] The presence of an additional nitrogen on the dibenzofuran moiety in Compound 1 of the present invention does not alter the emission peak or PLQY. However, the presence of the additional nitrogen contributes to a significant and unexpected reduction in excited-state lifetime of approximately 13%. It is believed that the reduced excited-state lifetime provides for increased device lifetime due to the reduced likelihood of undergoing detrimental degradation processes in the excited state. Furthermore, the deeper LUMO redistribution of LUMO density in Compound 1 of the present invention is also expected to alleviate electronic stress in the excited state, which also contributes to improved device lifetime.

[0663] Figure 3 Compared to Comparative Compound 1, Compound 1 of the present invention exhibits a reduced shoulder peak at approximately 470 nm. This indicates better color purity in terms of achieving saturated blue in OLED applications. This spectral reduction is significant and unexpected, as those skilled in the art understand that such a reduction is extremely difficult to achieve.

[0664] Table 2 shows the DFT calculations for compounds 2 through 6 of the present invention. The results indicate that, based on the positions of the features described in the invention, T1, HOMO, and LUMO can be carefully adjusted to meet the requirements of different applications.

[0665] Table 2. DFT Calculation

[0666]

[0667]

[0668] The calculated values ​​obtained using the DFT function set and basis set identified above are theoretical values. Calculation protocols (such as Gaussian software with the CEP-31G basis set used in this paper) rely on the assumption that electronic effects are additive and therefore the complete basis set (CBS) limit can be obtained by extrapolation using a larger basis set. However, when the research objective is to understand the variations in HOMO, LUMO, S1, T1, bond dissociation energy, etc., of a range of structure-related compounds, similar additive effects are expected. Therefore, although the absolute error using B3LYP may be significant compared to other calculation methods, the relative differences between the HOMO, LUMO, S1, T1, and bond dissociation energy values ​​calculated using the B3LYP protocol are expected to reproduce experiments exceptionally well. See, for example, Hong et al., Materials Chemistry (Chem. Mater.) 2016, 28, 5791-98, 5792-93 and Supplementary Information (discussing the reliability of DFT calculations in the case of OLED materials). Furthermore, regarding iridium or platinum complexes applicable to the OLED field, the data obtained from DFT calculations are closely correlated with actual experimental data. See Tavasli et al., *Journal of Materials Chemistry*, 2012, 22, 6419-29, 6422 (Table 3) (showing DFT calculations closely correlated with actual data for various emission complexes); Morello, GR, *Journal of Molecular Modeling*, 2017, 23:174 (studying various DFT function sets and basis sets and inferring that the combination of B3LYP and CEP-31G is particularly accurate for emission complexes).

Claims

1. A compound (L A )M(L B Its structure includes formula I: in: The compound comprises at least one structure of formula II. Each of Part A and Part B is independently a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring. Z 1 Z 2 and X 1 To X 11 Each of them is independently C or N; X 4 To X 11 At least one of them is N; Y can be selected from the following groups: O, S, and Se; Y 1 Choose independently from the following groups: C, N, O, S, Se, P, and As; If Y 1 If it is O, S, or Se, then A 2 R 2 and R 3 It does not exist; A 1 and A 2 Each of them is independently selected from the following groups: C, Si, N, B, P, and As; L 1 and L 2 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct key, BR, BRR', NR, PR, P(O)R, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR', C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', GeRR' and any combination of two of them; M is either Pt or Pd; K, K 1 To K 3 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct key, O, S, N(R) α ), P(R α ), B(R) α ), C(R α (R) β ) and Si(R α (R) β ); Each Indicates a single bond or a double bond; R A R B R C R G and R H Each of these terms independently represents a single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution. Each R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Independently, it is hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boranalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, selenyl and combinations thereof; and Any two substituents can fused or joined to form a ring; The limitation is that if the compound contains formula IA, Then R F1 Not included The constraint is if R 1 and R 2 They combine to form part E, where part E is pyridine, and Y 1 It is N and L 2 If it's a direct key, then there won't be two R's. C Substituents are bonded to form a structure of formula II in which part E is part G; and X 4 To X 11 Exactly two of them are N; The constraint is if R 1 and R 2 Joining to form part E, wherein part E is pyridine and Y 1 It is N, or part of E is benzimidazole and Y 1 It is neutral N, and X in the structure of equation II 4 To X 11 If exactly one of them is N, then equation II is not connected to part E, and part B is not equation II; and The limiting condition is that the compound is not:

2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein each of portions A and B is independently selected from the group consisting of the following list of cyclic moieties: benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, imidazole-derived carbene, pyrazole, pyrrole, oxazole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, triazole, naphthalene, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, benzofuran, aza-benzofuran, phenanthro[3,2-b]benzofuran, benzoxazole, aza-benzoxazole, benzothiophene, aza-benzothiophene, benzothiazole, Aza-benzothiazole, benzoselenene, aza-benzoselenene, indene, aza-indene, indole, aza-indole, benzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, benzimidazole-derived carbenes, aza-benzimidazole-derived carbenes, benzobenzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, carbazole, aza-carbazole, dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzothiophene, quinoxaline, phthalazine, phenanthrene, aza-phenanthrene, anthracene, aza-anthracene, phenanthridine, fluorene, and aza-fluorene; and / or wherein M is Pt.

3. The compound according to claim 1, wherein Z 1 and Z 2 Each of them is C; and / or where X is C. 1 It is C; and / or where X is. 2 and X 3 It is C; and / or where X is. 4 To X 7 At least one of them is N, and X 8 To X 11 Each of them is C or X 8 To X 11 At least one of them is N; and / or at least one of them is R 1 R 2 Or R 3 The structure of Formula II is included; and / or Where Y is selected from the following groups: CRR', SiRR', NR, O, S, and Se; and / or where .... 1 It is N; and / or where A is. 1 It is C or N; and / or where A is... 2 It is C or N; and / or where L is 2 It is a direct bond, NR, or CRR'; and / or where L 1 It is a direct bond, CRR', SiRR', NR, or O; and / or where K 1 It is a direct bond, O or S; and / or where K is a direct bond. 2 It is a direct bond, O, or S; and / or Wherein ring C is an imidazole-derived carbene; and / or part of ring B comprises a structure of formula II; and / or ring G or ring H is directly associated with a structure containing Z. 2 The ring fusion; and / or the compound of formula I contains an electron-withdrawing group selected from the group consisting of the following EWG1 list: F, CF3, CN, COCH3, CHO, COCF3, COOMe, COOCF3, NO2, SF3, SiF3, PF4, SF5, OCF3, SCF3, SeCF3, SOCF3, SeOCF3, SO2F, SO2CF3, SeO2CF3, OSeO2CF3, OCN, SCN, SeCN, NC, + N(R k2 )3、(R k2 )2CCN、(R k2 )2CCF3、CNC(CF3)2、BR k3 R k2 Substituted or unsubstituted dibenzoborane, 1-substituted carbazole, 1,9-substituted carbazole, substituted or unsubstituted carbazole, substituted or unsubstituted pyridine, substituted or unsubstituted pyrimidine, substituted or unsubstituted pyrazine, substituted or unsubstituted pyridoxine, substituted or unsubstituted triazine, substituted or unsubstituted oxazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzoxazole, substituted or unsubstituted thiazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzothiazole, substituted or unsubstituted imidazole, substituted or unsubstituted benzimidazole, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, nitriles, isonitriles, sulfinyl groups, sulfonyl groups, partially and fully fluorinated alkyl groups, partially and fully fluorinated aryl groups, partially and fully fluorinated heteroaryl groups, alkyl groups containing cyano groups, aryl groups containing cyano groups, heteroaryl groups containing cyano groups, isocyanates. Each R k1 Indicates single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution; Where Y G Choose from the following groups: BR e NR e PR e ,O,S,Se,C=O,S=O,SO2,CR e R f SiR e R f and GeR e R f' ;as well as Where R k1 R k2 R k3 R e and R f Each of them is independently hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group of universal substituents defined herein.

4. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R 1 and R 2 They are joined to form a ring, and the compound comprises a structure of formula IA. in: Part E is a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring; Z 3 X 2' and X 3' Each of them is independently C or N; R E Indicates single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution; Each R E Independently, it is hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boranalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, selenyl and combinations thereof; and Any two substituents can fused or joined to form a ring.

5. The compound according to claim 4, wherein part E is selected from the group consisting of: benzene, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine, triazine, imidazole, imidazole-derived carbene, pyrazole, pyrrole, oxazole, furan, thiophene, thiazole, triazole, naphthalene, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, benzofuran, aza-benzofuran, phenanthro[3,2-b]benzofuran, benzoxazole, aza-benzoxazole, benzothiophene, aza-benzothiophene, benzothiazole, aza-benzothiazole Benzene, aza-benzoxenylene, indene, aza-indene, indole, aza-indole, benzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, benzimidazole-derived carbenes, aza-benzimidazole-derived carbenes, benzobenzimidazole, aza-benzimidazole, carbazole, aza-carbazole, dibenzofuran, aza-dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzothiophene, quinoxaline, phthalazine, phenanthrene, aza-phenanthrene, anthracene, aza-anthracene, phenanthridine, fluorene and aza-fluorene; and / or Z of which 3 It is N, and X 2' and X 3' Each of them is C; and / or a portion of E contains the structure of formula II; and / or at least one of them is R. E The structure includes formula II; and / or the compound of formula IA contains an electron-withdrawing group selected from the group consisting of the EWG1 list as defined herein.

6. The compound according to claim 1, wherein at least one R A Substituents comprising a group selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, silalkyl, germanalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof; and / or at least one of the R groups. B Substituents comprising a group selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, silalkyl, germanalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof; and / or at least one of the R groups. C Substituents comprising the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, silalkyl, germanalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof; and / or wherein R D Substituents comprising a group selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, silalkyl, germanalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof; and / or at least one of the R groups. E Substituents comprising a group selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, silalkyl, germanalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof; and / or at least one of the R groups. 1 R 2 Or R 3 Substituents comprising a group selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, silalkyl, germanalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof; and / or at least one of the R groups. G Substituents comprising a group selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, silalkyl, germanalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof; and / or at least one of the R groups. H It includes substituents selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, cycloalkyl, silalkyl, germanalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and combinations thereof.

7. The compound according to claim 1, wherein at least one R A The structure includes Formula II; and / or at least one of R B The structure includes Formula II; and / or at least one of R C The structure of Formula II is included; and / or Two of the R C Joined or fused to form a portion C1, wherein the portion C1 is a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring.

8. The compound according to claim 1, wherein R D The structure of Formula III is included. in: Ring F is a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or a heterocyclic ring; R F This indicates monosubstituted to trisubstituted, or unsubstituted; Each R 1' R 2' and R F Independently, it is hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boranalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, selenyl and combinations thereof; and Where R 1' Or R 2' At least one of them is not hydrogen or deuterium.

9. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from compounds having the formula Pt(L A (L) B A group consisting of compounds: Where L A' Select the groups composed of the structures shown in Listing 1 below: Where L y Select the groups composed of the structures shown in List 2 below: Where R A R B R C R D R E R F R X R Y At least one of “R”, “R”, “R” or “R” contains a structure selected from the structures in Listing 3 below:

10. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from compounds having the formula Pt(L A' Groups consisting of compounds with the alpha group (Ly): Where L A' Selected from L A' i-(Rq)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl), where i is an integer from 1 to 22, each of Rj, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, and Rq is selected from R469 to R608, where L A' 1-(R469)(R1)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 22-(R608) is defined in the following Listing 4: or Where L A' Selected from L A' i'-(Ri)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl), where i' is an integer from 23 to 44, and each of Ri, Rj, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, where L A' 23-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 44-(R608) is defined in the following Listing 5: Where L y Selected from L y n-(Rq)(Rt)(Ru), where n is an integer from 1 to 47, each of Rt and Ru is independently selected from R1 to R608, and Rq is selected from R469 to R608, where L y 1-(R469)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 47-(R608) is defined in the following Listing 6: or Where L y Selected from L y n'-(Rs)(Rt)(Ru), where n' is an integer from 48 to 94, and each of Rs, Rt, and Ru is independently selected from R1 to R608, where L y 48-(R1)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 94-(R608) is defined in the following Listing 7: in, When L A' When L is selected from the structure in Listing 4, Ly is selected from the structure in Listing 6 or Listing 7; where, when L A' When a structure is selected from Listing 5, Ly is selected from the structure in Listing 6; Among them, when L y When selecting a structure from Listing 6, L A' The structure is selected from Listing 4 or Listing 5; where, when L y When selecting a structure from Listing 7, L A' The structures selected from Listing 4; and Each of R1 to R608 has the structure defined in Listing 8 below:

11. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from compounds having the formula Pt(L A' Groups consisting of compounds with the alpha group (Ly): Where L A' Choose from List 1 or from the groups of structures shown in List 9 below: Where L y Choose a group from list 2 or a structure from list 10 below: in: If L A' If Ly is selected from List 1, then Ly is selected from List 10. If Ly is selected from List 2, then L A' In addition to List 4, it is also selected from List 9, or from List 5.

12. The compound according to claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from compounds having the formula Pt(L A' Groups consisting of compounds with the alpha group (Ly): Where L A' Choose the structure and L from list 5. A' A group consisting of i”-(Ri)(Rj)(Rk)(Rl), where i” is an integer from 41 to 56, where each of Ri, Rj, Rk, and Rl is independently selected from R1 to R608, and L A' 41-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1) to L A' Each of 56-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608) has the structure shown in Listing 11 below: Where L y Choose the structure and L from list 7. y A group consisting of j'-(Rs)(Rt)(Ru)(Rv), where j' is an integer from 95 to 102, where each of Rs, Rt, Ru, and Rv is independently selected from R1 to R608, and L y 95-(R1)(R1)(R1)(R1) to L y Each of 102-(R608)(R608)(R608)(R608) has the structure shown in Listing 12 below: Where L A' If Ly is selected from List 5, then Ly is selected from List 12; If Ly is selected from List 7, then L A' Selected from List 11; and Each of R1 to R608 is defined in Listing 8 as defined herein.

13. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of structures listed in List 13:

14. An organic light-emitting device (OLED) comprising: anode; cathode; and An organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic layer comprises a compound (L A )M(L B ), the compound (L A )M(L B The structure of formula I includes: in: The compound comprises at least one structure of formula II. Each of Part A and Part B is independently a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring. Z 1 Z 2 and X 1 To X 11 Each of them is independently C or N; X 4 To X 11 At least one of them is N; Y can be selected from the following groups: O, S, and Se; Y 1 Choose independently from the following groups: C, N, O, S, Se, P, and As; If Y 1 If it is O, S, or Se, then A 2 R 2 and R 3 It does not exist; A 1 and A 2 Each of them is independently selected from the following groups: C, Si, N, B, P, and As; L 1 and L 2 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct bond, BR, BRR', NR, PR, P(O)R, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR', C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', GeRR', and any combination of any two of these; M is either Pt or Pd; K, K 1 To K 3 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct key, O, S, N(R) α ), P(R α ), B(R) α ), C(R α (R) β ) and Si(R α (R) β ); Each Indicates a single bond or a double bond; R A R B R C R G and R H Each of these terms independently represents a single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution. Each R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Independently, it is hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boranalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, selenyl and combinations thereof; as well as Any two substituents can fused or joined to form a ring; The limitation is that if the compound contains formula IA, Then R F1 Not included The constraint is if R 1 and R 2 They combine to form part E, where part E is pyridine, and Y 1 It is N and L 2 If it's a direct key, then there won't be two R's. C Substituents are bonded to form a structure of formula II in which part E is part G; and X 4 To X 11 Exactly two of them are N; The constraint is if R 1 and R 2 Joining to form part E, wherein part E is pyridine and Y 1 It is N, or part of E is benzimidazole and Y 1 It is neutral N, and X in the structure of equation II 4 To X 11 If exactly one of them is N, then equation II is not connected to part E, and part B is not equation II; and The limiting condition is that the compound is not:

15. A consumer product including an organic light-emitting device (OLED), said organic light-emitting device comprising: anode; cathode; and An organic layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic layer comprises a compound (L A )M(L B ), the compound (L A )M(L B The structure of formula I includes: in: The compound comprises at least one structure of formula II. Each of Part A and Part B is independently a monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system, wherein each ring in the monocyclic or polycyclic fused ring system is independently a 5- to 10-membered carbon ring or heterocyclic ring. Z 1 Z 2 and X 1 To X 11 Each of them is independently C or N; X 4 To X 11 At least one of them is N; Y can be selected from the following groups: O, S, and Se; Y 1 Choose independently from the following groups: C, N, O, S, Se, P, and As; If Y 1 If it is O, S, or Se, then A 2 R 2 and R 3 It does not exist; A 1 and A 2 Each of them is independently selected from the following groups: C, Si, N, B, P, and As; L 1 and L 2 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct bond, BR, BRR', NR, PR, P(O)R, O, S, Se, C=O, C=S, C=Se, C=NR', C=CRR', S=O, SO2, CR, CRR', SiRR', GeRR', and any combination of any two of these; M is either Pt or Pd; K, K 1 To K 3 Each of these is independently selected from the following groups: direct key, O, S, N(R) α ), P(R α ), B(R) α ), C(R α (R) β ) and Si(R α (R) β ); Each Indicates a single bond or a double bond; R A R B R C R G and R H Each of these terms independently represents a single substitution up to the maximum permissible substitution, or no substitution. Each R, R', R 1 R 2 R 3 R α R β R A R B R C R D R G and R H Independently, it is hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium, halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silalkyl, germanalkyl, boranalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carboxylic acid, ether, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, thio, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, selenyl and combinations thereof; as well as Any two substituents can fused or joined to form a ring; The limitation is that if the compound contains formula IA, Then R F1 Not included The constraint is if R 1 and R 2 They combine to form part E, where part E is pyridine, and Y 1 It is N and L 2 If it's a direct key, then there won't be two R's. C Substituents are bonded to form a structure of formula II in which part E is part G; and X 4 To X 11 Exactly two of them are N; The constraint is if R 1 and R 2 Joining to form part E, wherein part E is pyridine and Y 1 It is N, or part of E is benzimidazole and Y 1 It is neutral N, and X in the structure of equation II 4 To X 11 If exactly one of them is N, then equation II is not connected to part E, and part B is not equation II; and The limiting condition is that the compound is not:

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