Underground well wall cutting tool

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground well wall cutting tool which comprises a first-order advancing system, a second-order advancing system and a well wall cutting system which are assembled into a whole, all the systems are connected through universal ball head connecting rods, and a first corrugated pipe covers the systems. Wherein the first-order advancing system can provide power for the second-order advancing system, the second-order advancing system can provide advancing force for the whole body, and the well wall cutting system can cut the underground well wall. Mechanical cutting of the underground well wall is achieved, underground differential pressure driving is utilized, advancing power can be automatically provided, cutting can be rapidly completed when cutting operation is needed, chemical reaction is not involved in the whole process, a specific operation license is not needed, differential pressure driving is utilized, more energy is saved, the environment is better protected, and the cutting efficiency can be improved to the maximum extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of downhole wellbore cutting technology, and relates to a cutting device, specifically a downhole wellbore cutting tool. Background Technology

[0002] In drilling operations, wellbore trimming, enlargement, or reinforcement often requires downhole wellbore cutting to meet specific engineering needs. Currently, the most common wellbore cutting methods are explosive cutting and chemical cutting, but both have drawbacks: explosive cutting requires highly skilled operators and licenses, impacts construction progress, and carries high safety risks; chemical cutting easily damages surrounding tubing and pollutes the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a downhole wellbore cutting tool that effectively improves drilling wellbore cutting efficiency, saves energy and protects the environment, and reduces equipment maintenance costs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a downhole wellbore cutting tool, comprising a first-stage travel system, a second-stage travel system, and a wellbore cutting system assembled together; The first-stage travel system provides power to the second-stage travel system and includes a first-stage housing and a switching mechanism, a guide wheel mechanism, and a pressure cylinder mechanism assembled within the first-stage housing. The switching mechanism controls the guide wheels of the guide wheel mechanism to extend outward from the first-stage housing to fit against the well wall or retract via mechanical control. The switching mechanism controls the hydraulic circuit of the pressure cylinder mechanism to connect or disconnect via hydraulic control. The second-stage travel system provides forward force for the whole system, including a second-stage housing and an upper travel foot, a lower travel foot, and a travel foot control mechanism assembled inside the second-stage housing; the travel foot control mechanism controls the upper and lower travel feet to alternately extend out of the second-stage housing, and the travel foot control mechanism is provided with liquid pressure by a pressure cylinder mechanism; The wellbore cutting system is used to perform cutting actions. It includes a wellbore cutting housing and a support mechanism, a clutch mechanism, and a cutting mechanism assembled inside the wellbore cutting housing. The support mechanism is controlled by a switch mechanism via hydraulic control and can extend outside the wellbore cutting housing to fix the whole unit inside the well. The clutch mechanism is controlled by a switch mechanism via hydraulic control and can start and stop the cutting mechanism.

[0005] As a limitation of the present invention, the first-order travel system and the second-order travel system, and the second-order travel system and the well wall cutting system are all connected by universal ball joints and covered with a first corrugated pipe. The first-stage travel system, the second-stage travel system, and the wellbore cutting system are connected vertically, and a central pipe for fluid flow is fixedly installed. The liquid flowing inside the central tube is the power source for the cutting mechanism.

[0006] As another limitation of the present invention, the switching mechanism includes a hexagonal slider slidably mounted inside the upper part of the first-stage housing, an electric push rod fixed inside the first-stage housing and connected to the hexagonal slider at its power output end, a first-stage upper pressure chamber fixed inside the first-stage housing and located above the hexagonal slider, a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders fixed between the hexagonal slider and the first-stage upper pressure chamber, and a second hydraulic cylinder fixed on the inner sidewall of the first-stage housing and located below the hexagonal slider. The push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hexagonal slider, and the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first-stage upper pressure chamber. The top of the push rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hexagonal slider, and the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pressure cylinder mechanism.

[0007] As a further limitation of the present invention, the guide wheel mechanism includes an upper wedge block and a lower wedge block assembled inside a first-order housing, a first-order turntable rotatably assembled inside a first-order housing and coaxial with the hexagonal slider, a plurality of first-order guide rails fixed inside a first-order housing and radially distributed corresponding to the first-order turntable, a guide wheel assembly slidably assembled on each first-order guide rail, and a first-order lower pressure chamber fixed below the first-order housing. A compression spring is provided between the upper wedge block and the hexagonal slider, and the upper wedge block is restricted to move up and down along the central axis of the first-stage shell; the bottom of the lower wedge block is fixedly connected to the first-stage turntable. Each first-order guide rail on the first-order turntable has a first-order groove. The guide wheel assembly includes a first-stage limiting post that is confined within a first-stage slide groove and a third hydraulic cylinder whose hydraulic chamber is connected to a first-stage lower pressure chamber. The first-order lower pressure chamber connects the pressure cylinder mechanism and the second-order travel system.

[0008] As a further limitation of the present invention, the guide wheel assembly also includes a first-order slider mounted on a first-order guide rail and a guide wheel mounted on the end of the first-order slider. The guide wheel can extend outward from inside the first-stage housing under the control of the first-stage turntable; The first-order limiting post is fixed on the first-order slider; the cylinder body of the third hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the first-order slider, and the push rod of the third hydraulic cylinder is assembled on the shaft of the guide wheel. When the guide wheel rotates, the push rod of the third hydraulic cylinder can reciprocate within the cylinder body. The cylinder body of the third hydraulic cylinder is provided with a first check valve for connecting the hydraulic chamber to an external hydraulic system and a second check valve for connecting the hydraulic chamber to a first-stage lower pressure chamber. A first reset spring is provided between the first-order slider and the inner wall of the first-order housing.

[0009] As a further limitation of the present invention, the pressure cylinder mechanism includes a first bracket fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the first-stage housing, a guide chamber and a first hydraulic push rod fixed to the first bracket, a first-stage turbine assembly fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the first-stage housing, and a fourth hydraulic cylinder fixed below the first-stage turbine assembly. The hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic push rod is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder. A guide block is fixed at the top of the push rod of the first hydraulic push rod. The guide block is placed into the guide chamber, and after the guide block reaches the designated position, the guide chamber can connect the first-stage downpressure chamber with the first-stage turbine assembly. The cylinder body of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is fixed below the first-stage turbine assembly and is connected to the travel foot control mechanism; the push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the output shaft of the first-stage turbine assembly, and when the output shaft rotates, the push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder can reciprocate within the cylinder body.

[0010] As a third limitation of the present invention, the travel foot control mechanism includes a rotating sleeve rotatably mounted on the central axis inside the second-stage housing, a second-stage upper turntable mounted on the upper part of the second-stage housing, a second-stage lower turntable mounted on the lower part of the second-stage housing, and a second hydraulic push rod and a spring return rod mounted inside the second-stage housing. Both the upper and lower turntables are fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve and are provided with multiple second-order sliding grooves arranged radially. The second-order sliding grooves of the upper turntable are distributed counterclockwise, while those of the lower turntable are distributed clockwise. One end of the second hydraulic push rod is hinged to the inner wall of the second-stage housing, and the other end is hinged to the upper turntable of the second stage. When the second hydraulic push rod performs a telescopic action, it can drive the upper turntable of the second stage, the rotating sleeve, and the lower turntable of the second stage to rotate reciprocally. The hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic push rod is connected to the pressure cylinder mechanism. The spring reset rod is positioned opposite to the second hydraulic push rod, with one end hinged to the inner wall of the second-stage housing and the other end hinged to the upper turntable of the second stage.

[0011] As a further limitation of the present invention, the upper traveling foot includes a second-level upper pressure chamber fixedly disposed above the interior of the second-level housing and a plurality of first traveling foot assemblies radially distributed in a second-level sliding groove corresponding to the second-level upper turntable. The guide wheel mechanism connecting the second-order upper pressure chamber to the first-order travel system; The first travel foot assembly includes a second-order guide rail fixed in the radial direction of the second-order housing, a second-order slider slidably mounted on the second-order guide rail, a first vertical rod and a second vertical rod respectively fixed at both ends of the second-order slider, a first travel foot rotatably mounted at the end of the first vertical rod, and a pull rod connecting the ends of the first travel foot and the second vertical rod. The first traveling foot assembly also includes a third hydraulic push rod hinged between the first vertical rod and the pull rod. When the third hydraulic push rod extends or retracts, it can drive the first traveling foot to simulate walking motion.

[0012] As a further definition of the present invention, the second-order slider includes a traveling foot slider, a first connecting slider, and a second-order limiting post fixedly mounted together; wherein, the traveling foot slider is mounted on the second-order guide rail; a second connecting slider is slidably connected inside the first connecting slider, and the second connecting slider is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod; a connecting pipe is provided at one end of the first connecting slider near the inner wall of the second-order housing, which is connected to the upper pressure chamber of the second-order housing, and a fourth one-way valve is provided at the other end away from the inner wall of the second-order housing for connecting to an external hydraulic system; the second-order limiting post is limited in the second-order slide groove of the upper-order turntable, and under the control of the upper-order turntable, the second-order slider reciprocates linearly on the second-order guide rail; The first travel foot assembly also includes a first ejector pin and a second ejector pin fixed on one side of the second-order guide rail, with the first ejector pin and the second ejector pin arranged opposite to each other; the first ejector pin and the second ejector pin extend into the first connecting slider from both ends of the first connecting slider to limit: when the second-order slider moves outward, the second connecting slider connects the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod to the fourth one-way valve; when the second-order slider moves inward, the second connecting slider connects the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod to the connecting pipe.

[0013] As a further limitation of the present invention, a torsion spring for resetting the first traveling foot is provided on the connecting shaft between the first traveling foot and the first vertical rod.

[0014] As a further limitation of the present invention, the lower traveling foot includes a second-level lower pressure chamber fixedly disposed inside the lower part of the second-level housing and a plurality of second traveling foot assemblies that are radially distributed and have second-level sliding grooves corresponding to the second-level lower turntable. The lower second-order pressure chamber is connected to the upper second-order pressure chamber; The second row feed component has the same structure as the first row feed component, but operates in the opposite way.

[0015] As another limitation of the present invention, the support mechanism includes a cutting pressure chamber assembled above the inside of the well wall cutting housing and a plurality of hydraulic support feet assembled inside the well wall cutting housing and distributed circumferentially. The hydraulic support feet are located above the cutting pressure chamber and are arranged radially along the well wall cutting shell, with the output end facing outwards; Furthermore, the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic support foot is connected to the cutting pressure chamber; The cutting pressure chamber is connected to the first-stage upper pressure chamber.

[0016] As a further limitation of the present invention, the cutting mechanism includes a drive turbine disposed on the central axis inside the well wall cutting housing, a toothed wall cylinder rotatably mounted on the central axis, and a plurality of cutting components that are drive-connected to the toothed wall cylinder; the drive turbine and the toothed wall cylinder are drive-connected through a clutch mechanism. The cutting assembly includes a cutting arm fixed on the central axis inside the well wall cutting housing, a gear rotatably connected to the cutting arm and meshing with the toothed wall cylinder, a cutting wheel rotatably mounted at the end of the cutting arm, and a first belt drivingly connected between the gear and the cutting wheel.

[0017] As a further definition of the present invention, the clutch mechanism includes an upper pulley that is connected to the drive turbine via a second belt, a lower pulley that is connected to the toothed cylinder via a third belt, and a clutch assembly for driving the connection between the upper pulley and the lower pulley. The clutch assembly includes a spring rod fixed below the upper pulley, a first friction wheel mounted on the bottom of the spring rod, a second friction wheel fixed above the lower pulley, and a lever mounted on the bottom of the spring rod for controlling the contact or separation of the first and second friction wheels.

[0018] As a further limitation of the present invention, the lever includes a crossbar hinged to the closed housing of the upper pulley and a fifth hydraulic cylinder; the middle part of the crossbar is sleeved on the spring rod, and the other end is hinged to the output end of the fifth hydraulic cylinder; By adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: This invention provides a novel cutting tool that enables mechanical cutting of the wellbore wall. Driven by differential pressure, it autonomously provides its own propulsion and can quickly complete cutting operations when needed. The entire process involves no chemical reactions and requires no specific operating license. The differential pressure drive is more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, maximizing cutting efficiency. Furthermore, the control of each system in this invention involves no electronic components, thus ensuring stable operation in the high-temperature, high-pressure environment of the wellbore and resulting in higher reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the system at each level of the present invention without the first bellows installed; Figure 3 This is a front view of the structural relationship of a first-order travel system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the structure of a first-order travel system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the structural relationship of a first-order travel system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a first-order travel system in an embodiment of the present invention (some guide wheel assemblies are not shown). Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the pressure cylinder mechanism of the first-order travel system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second-order travel system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a second-order travel system in an embodiment of the present invention (part of the first travel foot assembly and the second travel foot assembly are not shown). Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower traveling feet of the second-order traveling system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first traveling foot component of the second-order traveling system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the movement foot control mechanism of the second-order movement system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second-order shell structure of the second-order travel system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the wellbore cutting system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the wellbore cutting system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism of the well wall cutting system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the clutch mechanism and the cutting mechanism of the well wall cutting system in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the clutch mechanism and a single cutting component of the wellbore cutting system in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. First-stage travel system; 2. Second-stage travel system; 3. Wellbore cutting system; 4. Universal ball joint connecting rod; 5. First bellows; 6. Central tube; 7. First-stage housing; 8. Switching mechanism; 9. Guide wheel mechanism; 10. Pressure cylinder mechanism; 11. Guide column; 12. Upper travel foot; 13. Lower travel foot; 14. Travel foot control mechanism; 15. Second-stage housing; 16. Support mechanism; 17. Clutch mechanism; 18. Cutting mechanism; 19. Wellbore cutting housing; 101. First-stage upper pressure chamber; 102. First hydraulic cylinder; 103. Hexagonal slider; 104. Second hydraulic cylinder; 105. Electric push rod; 201. Upper wedge block; 202. Lower wedge block; 203. First-stage turntable; 204. First-stage guide rail; 205. Guide wheel assembly; 206. First-stage lower pressure chamber; 207. First-stage slide groove; 208. First-stage compression spring; 209. First-stage slider; 210. Guide wheel; 211. First-stage limit post; 212. Third hydraulic cylinder; 213. First check valve; 214. Second check valve; 215. First return spring; 301. First support; 302. Flow chamber; 303. First hydraulic push rod; 304. Fourth hydraulic cylinder; 305. Flow guide block; 306. Outer casing; 307. First-stage turbine; 308. Third check valve; 401. Rotating sleeve; 402. Second-stage upper turntable; 403. Second-stage lower turntable; 404. Second hydraulic push rod; 405. Spring return rod; 406. Second-stage slide groove; 501. Second-stage upper pressure chamber; 502. First travel foot assembly; 503. Second-stage guide rail; 504. Second-stage slider; 505. First vertical rod; 506. Second vertical rod; 507. First travel foot; 508. Third hydraulic push rod; 509. First ejector pin; 510. Second ejector pin; 511. Elongated hole; 512. Travel foot slider; 513. First connecting slider; 514. Second-stage limiting post; 515. Connecting pipe; 516. Fourth one-way valve; 601. Second-stage lower pressure chamber; 602. Second travel foot assembly; 701. Cutting pressure chamber; 702. Hydraulic support feet; 801. Drive turbine; 802. Geared cylinder; 803. Cutting assembly; 804. Cutting arm; 805. Gear; 806. Cutting wheel; 807. First belt; 808. Tension spring; 809. Tensioner wheel; 901. Upper pulley; 902. Third belt; 903. Lower pulley; 904. Spring rod; 905. First friction wheel; 906. Second friction wheel; 907. Crossbar; 908. Fifth hydraulic cylinder; 909. Second belt. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0022] This embodiment relates to a downhole wellbore cutting tool that can perform cutting actions both when moving downwards and upwards within the well. For example... Figures 1 to 2As shown, this embodiment includes a first-order traveling system 1, a second-order traveling system 2, and a wellbore cutting system 3. The second-order traveling system 2 is equipped with one set at each of the upper and lower ends of the wellbore cutting system 3, and they are arranged in a mirror image. The first-order traveling system 1 is equipped with one set at each of the outer ends of the upper and lower ends of the second-order traveling system 2, and they are arranged in a mirror image.

[0023] Furthermore, the first-order travel system 1 and the second-order travel system 2, as well as the second-order travel system 2 and the wellbore cutting system 3, are connected by universal ball joints 4, and are externally covered by a first corrugated pipe 5. In this embodiment, the first-order travel system 1, the second-order travel system 2, and the wellbore cutting system 3 are connected vertically, and a central pipe 6 (located on the central axis) for liquid flow is fixedly installed. The portion of the central pipe 6 between the first-order travel system 1 and the second-order travel system 2, and between the second-order travel system 2 and the wellbore cutting system 3, constitutes a second corrugated pipe. The liquid flowing within this central pipe 6 serves as the power source for the wellbore cutting system 3.

[0024] I. First-order movement system 1 In this embodiment, the first-order travel system 1 is used to provide power to the second-order travel system 2. For example... Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the first-order travel system 1 includes a first-order housing 7 and a switching mechanism 8, a guide wheel mechanism 9, and a pressure cylinder mechanism 10, which are assembled sequentially from top to bottom within the first-order housing 7.

[0025] like Figure 6 As shown, six guide posts 11 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the first-order shell 7, and each guide post 11 is parallel to the axial direction of the first-order shell 7.

[0026] (1) Switching mechanism 8 like Figure 4 As shown, the switching mechanism 8 includes a first-stage upper pressure chamber 101, multiple first hydraulic cylinders 102, a hexagonal slider 103, a second hydraulic cylinder 104, and an electric push rod 105. The first-stage upper pressure chamber 101 is fixedly disposed inside the upper part of the first-stage housing 7; the hexagonal slider 103 is slidably mounted on the guide post 11 of the first-stage housing 7 and located below the first-stage upper pressure chamber 101; a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders 102 are distributed between the first-stage upper pressure chamber 101 and the hexagonal slider 103. In this embodiment, a total of six first hydraulic cylinders 102 are provided, and the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder 102 is connected to the first-stage upper pressure chamber 101, and the push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 102 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hexagonal slider 103; the second hydraulic cylinder 104 is fixedly disposed on the inner side wall of the first-stage housing 7 and located below the hexagonal slider 103, the push rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 104 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hexagonal slider 103, and the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder 104 is connected to the pressure cylinder mechanism 10 described below; the electric push rod 105 is fixedly disposed inside the first-stage housing 7, with the power output end facing upward and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hexagonal slider 103.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the electric actuator 105 is enclosed in a sealed housing and placed inside the central tube 6. In this embodiment, the electric actuator 105 serves as the start switch for all mechanisms. When the electric actuator 105 pulls the hexagonal slider 103 downwards along the guide post 11, it first triggers the upper wedge block 201 and lower wedge block 202, controlling the guide wheel mechanism 9 to extend outwards from the first-stage housing 7 to fit tightly against the well wall. When the electric actuator 105 further pulls the hexagonal slider 103 downwards along the guide post 11, it triggers an increase in internal pressure in the second hydraulic cylinder 104, thereby controlling the hydraulic circuit of the pressure cylinder mechanism 10 to connect. When the electric actuator 105 pushes the hexagonal slider 103 upwards along the guide post 11, it triggers an increase in internal pressure in the first hydraulic cylinder 102, causing the first-stage upper pressure chamber 101 to begin pressurization, thereby controlling the well wall cutting system 3 to perform corresponding actions.

[0028] (2) Guide wheel mechanism 9 like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the guide wheel mechanism 9 includes an upper wedge block 201 and a lower wedge block 202, a first-stage turntable 203, multiple first-stage guide rails 204, multiple guide wheel assemblies 205, and a first-stage lower pressure chamber 206. The upper wedge block 201 is fitted onto the outside of the central tube 6, located below the hexagonal slider 103. The central tube 6 has an axially oriented groove, and the upper wedge block 201 has a corresponding long strip. The long strip groove and the long strip cooperate to restrict the upper wedge block 201 to move only up and down along the central tube 6, preventing it from rotating. The lower wedge block 202 is fitted onto the outside of the central tube 6, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the first-stage turntable 203. The first-stage turntable 203 is fitted onto the outside of the central tube 6, as shown in the diagram. Figure 6 As shown, the first-stage turntable 203 is provided with six first-stage sliding grooves 207 distributed counterclockwise, and the central tube 6 is provided with a limiting protrusion at the bottom of the first-stage turntable 203 to restrict the first-stage turntable 203 and the aforementioned lower wedge block 202 to only rotate and not move up and down; multiple first-stage guide rails 204 are fixed between the central tube 6 and the inner sidewall of the first-stage housing 7, and are distributed radially. In this embodiment, there are a total of six first-stage guide rails 204, and each first-stage guide rail 204 corresponds to one first-stage sliding groove 207; multiple guide wheel assemblies 205 are distributed circumferentially along the first-stage housing 7. In this embodiment, there are a total of six guide wheel assemblies 205, and each guide wheel assembly 205 is slidably assembled on a first-stage guide rail 204 and limited in the corresponding first-stage sliding groove 207; the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206 is fixed at the bottom of the first-stage housing 7 and is connected to the pressure cylinder mechanism 10 and the second-stage travel system 2 described below.

[0029] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a first-stage compression spring 208 is fitted onto the portion of the central tube 6 located between the upper wedge block 201 and the hexagonal slider 103, such as... Figure 4As shown.

[0030] The guide wheel assembly 205 includes a first-stage slider 209, a guide wheel 210, a first-stage limiting post 211, a third hydraulic cylinder 212, a first one-way valve 213, a second one-way valve 214, and a first return spring 215. (As follows) Figure 6 As shown, the first-order slider 209 is slidably mounted on the first-order guide rail 204; the guide wheel 210 is rotatably mounted on the end of the first-order slider 209; the first-order limiting post 211 is fixed on the first-order slider 209 and is limited within the corresponding first-order sliding groove 207; the cylinder body of the third hydraulic cylinder 212 is fixed on the first-order slider 209, and the push rod is mounted on the shaft of the guide wheel 210. When the guide wheel 210 rotates, the push rod of the third hydraulic cylinder 212 can reciprocate within the cylinder body; the first one-way valve 213 and the second one-way valve 214 are both mounted on the cylinder body of the third hydraulic cylinder 212, wherein the first one-way valve 213 is used to connect the hydraulic chamber of the cylinder body to the external hydraulic system, and the second one-way valve 214 is used to connect the hydraulic cylinder of the cylinder body to the first-order lower pressure chamber 206; the first return spring 215 is disposed between the first-order slider 209 and the inner wall of the first-order housing 7, and is used to reset the first-order slider 209.

[0031] When the electric push rod 105 pulls the hexagonal slider 103 downward along the guide post 11, the upper wedge block 201 is pressed down by the first-stage compression spring 208. The upper wedge block 201 drives the lower wedge block 202 to rotate through the concave-convex engagement with the lower wedge block 202, thereby rotating the first-stage turntable 203. Through the first-stage slider 209 and the first-stage limiting post 211, the first-stage slider 209 is pushed outward along the first-stage guide rail 204 until the end guide wheel 210 contacts the well wall. When this embodiment is under the action of downhole pressure differential... As the cylinder moves downwards within the well, the guide wheel 210, which is in close contact with the well wall, rotates due to friction. This rotation drives the push rod of the third hydraulic cylinder 212 to reciprocate within the cylinder. (When the push rod moves from its shortest stroke to its longest stroke, the hydraulic chamber of the cylinder is evacuated, at which point the first check valve 213 opens, allowing external liquid to enter the hydraulic chamber through the first check valve 213; when the push rod moves from its longest stroke to its shortest stroke, the hydraulic chamber is compressed, and liquid flows into the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206 through the second check valve 214.)

[0032] (III) Pressure cylinder mechanism 10 The pressure cylinder mechanism 10 is fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the first-stage housing 7, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the pressure cylinder mechanism 10 includes a first support 301, a flow guide chamber 302, a first hydraulic push rod 303, a first-stage turbine assembly, and a fourth hydraulic cylinder 304. The first support 301 is fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the first-stage housing 7; the flow guide chamber 302 and the first hydraulic push rod 303 are fixed to the first support 301; the first-stage turbine assembly is fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the first-stage housing 7, located on one side of the first support 301; and the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 is fixed below the first-stage turbine assembly.

[0033] Furthermore, one end of the flow guide chamber 302 is connected to the first-stage downpressure chamber 206, and the other end is connected to the first-stage turbine assembly. A flow guide block 305 is slidably mounted in the flow guide chamber 302. When the flow guide block 305 slides upward to a designated position, the first-stage downpressure chamber 206 and the first-stage turbine assembly are connected through the flow guide chamber 302; when the flow guide block 305 slides downward away from the designated position, the first-stage downpressure chamber 206 and the first-stage turbine assembly are disconnected.

[0034] In this embodiment, the guide block 305 is fixed at the top of the push rod of the first hydraulic push rod 303, and the guide block 305 is driven by the first hydraulic push rod 303 to slide up and down in the guide chamber 302.

[0035] The hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic push rod 303 is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder 104.

[0036] The first-stage turbine assembly includes a housing 306 and a first-stage turbine 307 rotatably mounted within the housing 306. The housing 306 includes an inlet communicating with a flow guide chamber 302 and an outlet communicating with an external liquid passage. A third check valve 308 is provided at the outlet, allowing liquid to flow out only from the outlet. The cylinder body of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 is fixed below the housing 306. The push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 is mounted on the output shaft of the first-stage turbine 307. When the output shaft rotates, the push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 can reciprocate within the cylinder body. In this embodiment, the hydraulic chamber of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 is connected to the second-stage travel system 2 described below.

[0037] When the electric push rod 105 pulls the hexagonal slider 103 downward along the guide post 11, it triggers the internal pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder 104 to rise. This causes the push rod of the first hydraulic push rod 303 to push upward, so that the guide block 305 slides up to the designated position. This allows the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206 to connect with the first-stage turbine assembly through the guide chamber 302. The liquid in the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206 impacts the first-stage turbine 307. The rotation of the first-stage turbine 307 drives the push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 to move like a piston in the cylinder.

[0038] II. Second-order movement system 2 In this embodiment, the second-order propulsion system 2 is used to provide forward force for the entire system. For example... Figures 8 to 13 As shown, the second-order travel system 2 includes a second-order housing 15 and an upper travel foot 12, a lower travel foot 13 and a travel foot control mechanism 14 assembled in the second-order housing 15.

[0039] (a) Walking foot control mechanism 14 like Figure 9 and Figure 12As shown, the travel foot control mechanism 14 includes a rotating sleeve 401, a second-stage upper turntable 402, a second-stage lower turntable 403, a second hydraulic push rod 404, and a spring return rod 405, all mounted within the second-stage housing 15. The rotating sleeve 401 is sleeved on the central tube 6 and can rotate; the second-stage upper turntable 402 is fixed to the upper end of the rotating sleeve 401, and the second-stage lower turntable 403 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating sleeve 401; the second hydraulic push rod 404 is mounted above the rotating sleeve 401, with one end hinged to the inner wall of the second-stage housing 15 and the other end hinged to the center of the second-stage upper turntable 402; the spring return rod 405 is located on the opposite side of the second hydraulic push rod 404, with one end hinged to the inner wall of the second-stage housing 15 and the other end hinged to the center of the second-stage upper turntable 402.

[0040] Furthermore, the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic push rod 404 is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304. When the push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 moves like a piston within the cylinder, the second hydraulic push rod 404 is controlled to extend or retract accordingly via the hydraulic circuit. When the second hydraulic push rod 404 extends, it drives the upper second-stage turntable 402, the rotating sleeve 401, and the lower second-stage turntable 403 to rotate at a certain angle. When the second hydraulic push rod 404 retracts, the upper second-stage turntable 402, the rotating sleeve 401, and the lower second-stage turntable 403 are reset under the action of the spring reset rod 405.

[0041] like Figure 12 As shown, both the upper second-level turntable 402 and the lower second-level turntable 403 are provided with multiple second-level grooves 406 arranged radially. In this embodiment, the number of second-level grooves 406 on both the upper second-level turntable 402 and the lower second-level turntable 403 is six. Furthermore, the second-level grooves 406 on the upper second-level turntable 402 are distributed counterclockwise, while the second-level grooves 406 on the lower second-level turntable 403 are distributed clockwise.

[0042] (ii) Upper-level traveling feet 12 like Figure 10 As shown, the upper travel foot 12 includes a second-stage upper pressure chamber 501 fixed inside the upper part of the second-stage housing 15, and a plurality of first travel foot assemblies 502 radially distributed, corresponding to the second-stage upper turntable 402 and the second-stage sliding grooves 406. In this embodiment, there are six first travel foot assemblies 502, each corresponding to one of the second-stage sliding grooves 406 of the second-stage upper turntable 402.

[0043] Furthermore, the second-stage upper pressure chamber 501 is connected to the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206 in the guide wheel mechanism 9 of the first-stage travel system 1. The first travel foot assembly 502 includes a second-stage guide rail 503, a second-stage slider 504, a first vertical rod 505, a second vertical rod 506, a first travel foot 507, a pull rod, a third hydraulic push rod 508, and a first ejector pin 509 and a second ejector pin 510.

[0044] like Figure 13 As shown, the second-order guide rail 503 is fixed between the second-order housing 15 and the central tube 6, and is arranged radially along the second-order housing 15; the first ejector pin 509 and the second ejector pin 510 are located on one side of the second-order guide rail 503, and the first ejector pin 509 and the second ejector pin 510 are arranged opposite to each other. One end of the first ejector pin 509 is fixed on the inner wall of the second-order housing 15, and the other end extends toward the central tube 6; one end of the second ejector pin 510 is fixed on the outer wall of the central tube 6, and the other end extends toward the inner wall of the second-order housing 15.

[0045] like Figure 9 As shown, the second-order slider 504 is slidably mounted on the second-order guide rail 503. Figure 11 As shown, the first vertical rod 505 and the second vertical rod 506 are respectively fixed at both ends of the second-order slider 504; the first traveling foot 507 is rotatably assembled at the end of the first vertical rod 505, and the tail end of the first traveling foot 507 is provided with an elongated hole 511; one end of the pull rod is rotatably connected to the end of the second vertical rod 506, and the other end is provided with a limiting protrusion, which is placed in the elongated hole 511 at the tail end of the first traveling foot 507 to realize the connection between the first traveling foot 507 and the second vertical rod 506; the third hydraulic push rod 508 is hinged between the first vertical rod 505 and the pull rod, and when the third hydraulic push rod 508 performs a telescopic action, it can drive the first traveling foot 507 to simulate a walking action.

[0046] More specifically, such as Figure 11 As shown, the second-order slider 504 includes a travel foot slider 512, a first connecting slider 513, and a second-order limiting post 514, all fixed together. The travel foot slider 512 is mounted on the second-order guide rail 503. A second connecting slider (not shown) is slidably connected within the first connecting slider 513, and the second connecting slider communicates with the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod 508. The first connecting slider 513 has a connecting pipe 515 at one end near the inner wall of the second-order housing 15, communicating with the second-order upper pressure chamber 501, and a fourth check valve 516 at the other end away from the inner wall of the second-order housing 15, for communication with an external hydraulic system. The second-order limiting post 514 is limited within the second-order groove 406 corresponding to the second-order upper turntable 402. Under the control of the second-order upper turntable 402, the second-order slider 504 reciprocates linearly on the second-order guide rail 503.

[0047] The first ejector pin 509 and the second ejector pin 510 extend into the first connecting slider 513 from both ends to restrict movement: when the second-stage slider 504 moves outward, the first ejector pin 509 abuts against the second connecting slider, causing it to move to the end of the first connecting slider 513 near the central tube 6, thereby connecting the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod 508 to the fourth one-way valve 516 via the second connecting slider (connecting to the external hydraulic system to release pressure and retract the third hydraulic push rod 508); when the second-stage slider 504 moves inward, the second ejector pin 510 abuts against the second connecting slider, causing it to move to the side of the first connecting slider 513 near the inner wall of the second-stage housing 15, thereby connecting the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod 508 to the connecting pipe 515 via the second connecting slider (connecting to the upper pressure chamber 501 of the second stage to pressurize and extend the third hydraulic push rod 508).

[0048] During operation, when the second-stage upper turntable 402 controls the second-stage slider 504 to move outward on the second-stage guide rail 503, the first traveling foot 507 extends outward from the second-stage housing 15, while the third hydraulic push rod 508 is depressurized and retracted, causing the first traveling foot 507 to contact the well wall parallel to the surface. When the second-stage upper turntable 402 controls the second-stage slider 504 to move inward on the second-stage guide rail 503, the first traveling foot 507 retracts inward from the second-stage housing 15, while the third hydraulic push rod 508 is pressurized and extended, causing the first traveling foot 507 to push off diagonally downward. These actions are performed sequentially to simulate walking motions for the first traveling foot 507.

[0049] like Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, a torsion spring for resetting the first travel foot 507 is provided on the connecting shaft between the first travel foot 507 and the first vertical rod 505.

[0050] (iii) Lower level traveling foot 13 like Figure 10 As shown, the lower traveling foot 13 includes a second-stage lower pressure chamber 601 fixed inside the lower part of the second-stage housing 15, and a plurality of second traveling foot assemblies 602 arranged radially according to the second-stage slide grooves 406 of the second-stage lower turntable 403. In this embodiment, there are six second traveling foot assemblies 602, each corresponding to one of the second-stage slide grooves 406 of the second-stage lower turntable 403.

[0051] Furthermore, the second-stage lower pressure chamber 601 is connected to the second-stage upper pressure chamber 501 via a pipeline. Of course, depending on the situation, it can also be directly connected to the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206 in the first-stage travel system 1 guide wheel mechanism 9 via a pipeline.

[0052] The second footing assembly 602 has a structure that is basically the same as the first footing assembly 502. Its arrangement within the second-stage housing 15 and its assembly structure with the second-stage lower turntable 403 are also the same as those of the first footing assembly 502. The difference is that the second footing assembly 602 has a fourth check valve 516 connected to the external hydraulic system at one end of the first connecting slider 513 near the inner wall of the second-stage housing 15, and a connecting pipe 515 connected to the second-stage lower pressure chamber 601 at the other end away from the inner wall of the second-stage housing 15.

[0053] Since the second-order grooves 406 of the upper second-order turntable 402 are distributed counterclockwise and the second-order grooves 406 of the lower second-order turntable 403 are distributed clockwise, when the upper second-order turntable 402 controls the first travel foot 507 to extend, the lower second-order turntable 403 controls the second travel foot to retract, and thus the first travel foot 507 and the second travel foot alternately extend out of the second-order housing 15.

[0054] Additionally, when the second traveling foot retracts into the second-stage housing 15, the third hydraulic push rod 508 is depressurized and retracted, causing the second traveling foot to contact the well wall parallel to the ground. When the first traveling foot 507 extends outward from the second-stage housing 15, the third hydraulic push rod 508 is pressurized and extended, causing the second traveling foot to push off diagonally upward. These actions are performed in a continuous motion so that the second traveling foot simulates a walking motion.

[0055] III. Wellbore Cutting System 3 In this embodiment, the wellbore cutting system 3 is used to perform the cutting action. For example... Figures 14 to 18 As shown, the wellbore cutting system 3 includes a wellbore cutting housing 19 and a support mechanism 16, a clutch mechanism 17, and a cutting mechanism 18, which are sequentially assembled from top to bottom within the wellbore cutting housing 19. The support mechanism 16 is controlled by a switch mechanism 8 via hydraulic control and can extend outside the wellbore cutting housing 19 to fix the entire structure inside the well. The clutch mechanism 17 is also controlled by the switch mechanism 8 via hydraulic control and can control the start and stop of the cutting mechanism 18.

[0056] (a) Supporting Institutions 16 like Figures 15 to 16 As shown, the support mechanism 16 includes a cutting pressure chamber 701 and multiple hydraulic support feet 702. The cutting pressure chamber 701 is fixed inside the upper part of the well wall cutting housing 19 and communicates with the aforementioned first-stage upper pressure chamber 101. Four hydraulic support feet 702 are distributed circumferentially above the cutting pressure chamber 701, and are arranged radially with their output ends facing outwards. The hydraulic chambers of the hydraulic support feet 702 communicate with the cutting pressure chamber 701, and the cutting pressure chamber 701 controls the extension or retraction of the hydraulic support feet 702 outside the well wall cutting housing 19.

[0057] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the stability of the hydraulic support foot 702, the tail end of the hydraulic support foot 702 is fixedly connected to the central tube 6, and the cylinder of the hydraulic support foot 702 is slidably connected to the lower surface of the upper cover of the well wall cutting housing 19.

[0058] (ii) Cutting mechanism 18 like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the cutting mechanism 18 includes a drive turbine 801, a toothed cylinder 802, and multiple cutting components 803. The drive turbine 801 is assembled inside the central tube 6. When there is liquid flowing inside the central tube 6, it will impact the drive turbine 801 to make it rotate. The toothed cylinder 802 is sleeved on the outside of the central tube 6 and can rotate. The multiple cutting components 803 are distributed circumferentially along the toothed cylinder 802 and can extend out of the well wall cutting housing 19 to cut the well wall.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 17 As shown, since the diameter of the drive turbine 801 is relatively large, the diameter of the corresponding central tube 6 is also increased to accommodate the drive turbine 801, so that the liquid in the central tube 6 can impact the drive turbine 801.

[0060] The toothed cylinder 802 is connected to the drive turbine 801 via the clutch mechanism 17 described below.

[0061] The cutting assembly 803 is specifically configured with four groups, each group including a cutting arm 804, a gear 805, a cutting wheel 806, and a first belt 807. For example... Figure 18 As shown, one end of the cutting arm 804 is fixed to the central tube 6, and the other end extends outward to the well wall cutting housing 19; the gear 805 is rotatably connected to the cutting arm 804 and meshes with the toothed wall cylinder 802; the cutting wheel 806 is rotatably mounted on the end of the cutting arm 804; the first belt 807 is mounted between the gear 805 and the cutting wheel 806 so that the drive turbine 801 can drive the cutting wheel 806 to rotate via the toothed wall cylinder 802, the gear 805, and the first belt 807.

[0062] The cutting arm 804 includes a connecting part and an extension part that are hinged together. The connecting part is fixed to the central tube 6, and the extension part extends outward. A tension spring 808 is also provided between the central tube 6 and the extension part. On the one hand, it is used to ensure the support strength of the cutting arm 804 in the centrifugal state, and on the other hand, it is used to reset the cutting arm 804 when it is removed from the centrifugal state.

[0063] like Figure 18 As shown, in this embodiment, a tensioning wheel 809 is also provided between the first belt 807 and the cutting arm 804.

[0064] (III) Clutch mechanism 17 like Figure 18As shown, the clutch mechanism 17 includes an upper pulley 901 that is connected to the drive turbine 801 via a second belt 909, a lower pulley 903 that is connected to the toothed cylinder 802 via a third belt 902, and a clutch assembly for driving the connection between the upper pulley 901 and the lower pulley 903.

[0065] The clutch assembly includes a spring rod 904 fixed below the upper pulley 901, a first friction wheel 905 mounted at the bottom of the spring rod 904, a second friction wheel 906 fixed above the lower pulley 903, and a lever mounted at the bottom of the spring rod 904 for controlling the contact or separation of the first friction wheel 905 and the second friction wheel 906.

[0066] The lever includes a crossbar 907 hinged to the enclosed housing of the upper pulley 901 and a fifth hydraulic cylinder 908. For example... Figure 18 As shown, the crossbar 907 has a through hole in the middle for the spring rod 904 to pass through. Lifting the spring rod 904 causes the first friction wheel 905 to rise and separate from the second friction wheel 906. One end of the crossbar 907 is hinged to the enclosed housing of the upper pulley 901, and the other end is hinged to the output end of the fifth hydraulic cylinder 908. The fifth hydraulic cylinder 908 controls the rise of one end of the crossbar 907, which in turn raises the spring rod 904 to a certain height.

[0067] The hydraulic chamber of the fifth hydraulic cylinder 908 is connected to the aforementioned cutting pressure chamber 701.

[0068] As an example, when cutting operations are required, this embodiment is placed inside the well, and pressure is applied at the wellhead on the ground. During pressure application, the electric push rod 105 is activated, retracting to pull the hexagonal slider 103 downwards. As the hexagonal slider 103 moves downwards, the first-stage compression spring 208 and the upper wedge block 201 move downwards. When the upper wedge block 201 moves downwards, the protrusions on its surface contact the protrusions on the surface of the lower wedge block 202, causing the lower wedge block 202 and the first-stage turntable 203 to rotate. When the disc 203 rotates, the first-stage sliding groove 207 on its surface will push the guide wheel assembly 205 to extend out of the first-stage housing 7. After the guide wheel 210 of the guide wheel assembly 205 is in close contact with the well wall, the ground equipment at the wellhead is activated to pressurize the wellhead. At this time, due to the increase in the top pressure in this embodiment, it will move downward under pressure. When moving downward, the guide wheel 210 is in close contact with the well wall and rotates due to friction. When rotating, it will drive the push rod of the third hydraulic cylinder 212 to perform reciprocating piston motion in the cylinder body, continuously pressurizing the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206.

[0069] At this time, the electric push rod 105 continues to retract, triggering the second hydraulic cylinder 104 to increase its internal pressure. The liquid inside the second hydraulic cylinder 104 is connected to the first hydraulic push rod 303 through the pipeline, causing the first hydraulic push rod 303 to rise. During the rise, the guide block 305 moves upward, opening the duct inside the guide chamber 302. This causes the liquid inside the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206 to flow into the first-stage turbine assembly. The liquid inside the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206 impacts the first-stage turbine 307 to rotate before flowing out through the third one-way valve 308. When the first-stage turbine 307 rotates, it drives the push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 to perform a reciprocating piston motion in the cylinder. The liquid inside the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304 flows into the second hydraulic push rod 404 through the pipeline. At this time, the second-stage travel system 2 is activated. After receiving pressure from the fourth hydraulic cylinder 304, the second hydraulic push rod 404 pushes out, pushing the second-stage upper turntable 402, the rotating sleeve 401 and the second-stage lower turntable 403 to rotate. When the turntables move, the upper travel foot 12 and the lower travel foot 13 are pushed out alternately under the squeezing force of the second-stage slide groove 406. When the first travel foot 507 retracts inward under the control of the second-stage upper turntable 402, the second ejector pin 510 pushes the second connecting slider, connecting it to the second-stage upper pressure chamber 501 (which is connected to the first-stage lower pressure chamber 206), and the third hydraulic push rod 508 rises; when the first travel foot 507 extends outward under the control of the second-stage upper turntable 402 (the second-stage upper turntable 402 reverses), the first ejector pin 509 pushes the second connecting slider, connecting it to the fourth one-way valve 516, draining the liquid inside the third hydraulic push rod 508, and the first travel foot 507 resets under the action of the torsion spring, which is one movement; When the upper traveling foot 12 extends, the lower traveling foot 13 retracts, and the two move alternately and repeatedly to make this embodiment move down the well until it reaches the specified position.

[0070] At this point, the cutting mechanism 18 needs to be activated. The electric push rod 105 is driven to reset, at which point both the first-stage travel system 1 and the second-stage travel system 2 are reset. The electric push rod 105 is then driven to extend upward, pushing the hexagonal slider 103 upward, compressing the liquid inside the first hydraulic cylinder 102 into the first-stage upper pressure chamber 101, and the first-stage upper pressure chamber 101 begins to pressurize. The first-stage upper pressure chamber 101 is connected to the cutting pressure chamber 701 through a pipeline, and the cutting pressure chamber 701 is also connected to the four hydraulic support feet 702. Therefore, the hydraulic support feet 702 receive pressure and push outward, pressing against the well wall to fix this embodiment to the well wall. The cutting pressure chamber 701 is connected to the fifth hydraulic cylinder 908. After receiving the pressure, the fifth hydraulic cylinder 908 pushes out, causing the first friction wheel 905 to come into contact with the second friction wheel 906, and transmitting the power of the drive turbine 801 to the toothed wall cylinder 802. Through the toothed wall cylinder 802 and the gear 805, the power is transmitted to the cutting wheel 806 in sequence. The four sets of cutting wheels 806 rotate around the toothed wall cylinder 802. When rotating, they extend outward due to the influence of centrifugal force to come into contact with the well wall. At the same time, the cutting wheel 806 rotates on its own axis and cuts the well wall.

[0071] After cutting is completed, the electric push rod 105 is reset, the first friction wheel 905 separates from the second friction wheel 906, the cutting wheel 806 retracts under the action of the tension spring 808, and the four hydraulic support feet 702 also retract. This is one cutting operation. The above steps are the principle of the cutting action when moving downward in the well in this embodiment. Since this embodiment is a mirror image, the principle is the same when moving upward in the well to perform the cutting action, and will not be repeated here.

[0072] It should be added that, due to the different pressures inside the well, drilling fluid will flow through the central pipe 6, driving the drive turbine 801 to rotate. Under normal circumstances, the drive turbine 801 rotates in a consistent manner after the well is lowered.

[0073] It should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole wellbore cutting tool, characterized in that: It includes an integrated first-stage travel system, a second-stage travel system, and a wellbore cutting system; The first-stage travel system provides power to the second-stage travel system and includes a first-stage housing and a switching mechanism, a guide wheel mechanism, and a pressure cylinder mechanism assembled within the first-stage housing. The switching mechanism controls the guide wheels of the guide wheel mechanism to extend outward from the first-stage housing to fit against the well wall or retract via mechanical control. The switching mechanism controls the hydraulic circuit of the pressure cylinder mechanism to connect or disconnect via hydraulic control. The second-order travel system provides forward force for the whole, including the second-order housing and the upper travel foot, lower travel foot and travel foot control mechanism assembled in the second-order housing; The travel foot control mechanism controls the upper and lower travel feet to alternately extend out of the second-stage housing. The travel foot control mechanism is supplied with liquid pressure by a pressure cylinder mechanism. The wellbore cutting system is used to perform cutting actions. It includes a wellbore cutting housing and a support mechanism, a clutch mechanism, and a cutting mechanism assembled inside the wellbore cutting housing. The support mechanism is controlled by a switch mechanism via hydraulic control and can extend outside the wellbore cutting housing to fix the whole unit inside the well. The clutch mechanism is controlled by a switch mechanism via hydraulic control and can start and stop the cutting mechanism.

2. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching mechanism includes a hexagonal slider that is slidably mounted inside the upper part of the first-stage housing, an electric push rod that is fixed inside the first-stage housing and whose power output end is connected to the hexagonal slider, a first-stage upper pressure chamber that is fixed inside the first-stage housing and located above the hexagonal slider, a plurality of first hydraulic cylinders that are fixed between the hexagonal slider and the first-stage upper pressure chamber, and a second hydraulic cylinder that is fixed on the inner side wall of the first-stage housing and located below the hexagonal slider. The push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the hexagonal slider, and the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first-stage upper pressure chamber. The top of the push rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the hexagonal slider, and the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the pressure cylinder mechanism.

3. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide wheel mechanism includes an upper wedge block and a lower wedge block assembled inside the first-stage housing, a first-stage turntable rotatably assembled inside the first-stage housing and coaxial with the hexagonal slider, multiple first-stage guide rails fixed inside the first-stage housing and radially distributed corresponding to the first-stage turntable, a guide wheel assembly slidably assembled on each first-stage guide rail, and a first-stage lower pressure chamber fixed below the first-stage housing. A compression spring is provided between the upper wedge block and the hexagonal slider, and the upper wedge block is restricted to move up and down along the central axis of the first-stage shell; the bottom of the lower wedge block is fixedly connected to the first-stage turntable. Each first-order guide rail on the first-order turntable has a first-order groove. The guide wheel assembly includes a first-stage limiting post that is confined within a first-stage slide groove and a third hydraulic cylinder whose hydraulic chamber is connected to a first-stage lower pressure chamber. The first-order lower pressure chamber connects the pressure cylinder mechanism and the second-order travel system.

4. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure cylinder mechanism includes a first bracket fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the first-stage housing, a guide chamber and a first hydraulic push rod fixed to the first bracket, a first-stage turbine assembly fixed to the outer side of the bottom of the first-stage housing, and a fourth hydraulic cylinder fixed below the first-stage turbine assembly. The hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic push rod is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder. A guide block is fixed at the top of the push rod of the first hydraulic push rod. The guide block is placed into the guide chamber, and after the guide block reaches the designated position, the guide chamber can connect the first-stage downpressure chamber with the first-stage turbine assembly. The cylinder body of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is fixed below the first-stage turbine assembly and is connected to the travel foot control mechanism; the push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the output shaft of the first-stage turbine assembly, and when the output shaft rotates, the push rod of the fourth hydraulic cylinder can reciprocate within the cylinder body.

5. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The travel foot control mechanism includes a rotating sleeve mounted on the central axis inside the second-stage housing, an upper second-stage turntable mounted on the upper part of the second-stage housing, a lower second-stage turntable mounted on the lower part of the second-stage housing, and a second hydraulic push rod and a spring return rod mounted inside the second-stage housing. Both the upper and lower turntables are fixedly connected to the rotating sleeve and are provided with multiple second-order sliding grooves arranged radially. The second-order sliding grooves of the upper turntable are distributed counterclockwise, while those of the lower turntable are distributed clockwise. One end of the second hydraulic push rod is hinged to the inner wall of the second-stage housing, and the other end is hinged to the upper turntable of the second stage. When the second hydraulic push rod performs a telescopic action, it can drive the upper turntable of the second stage, the rotating sleeve, and the lower turntable of the second stage to rotate reciprocally. The hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic push rod is connected to the pressure cylinder mechanism. The spring reset rod is positioned opposite to the second hydraulic push rod, with one end hinged to the inner wall of the second-stage housing and the other end hinged to the upper turntable of the second stage.

6. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper traveling foot includes a second-level upper pressure chamber fixed inside the upper part of the second-level shell and a second-level slide corresponding to the second-level upper turntable, and a plurality of first traveling foot assemblies are radially distributed. The guide wheel mechanism connecting the second-order upper pressure chamber to the first-order travel system; The first travel foot assembly includes a second-order guide rail fixed in the radial direction of the second-order housing, a second-order slider slidably mounted on the second-order guide rail, a first vertical rod and a second vertical rod respectively fixed at both ends of the second-order slider, a first travel foot rotatably mounted at the end of the first vertical rod, and a pull rod connecting the ends of the first travel foot and the second vertical rod. The first traveling foot assembly also includes a third hydraulic push rod hinged between the first vertical rod and the pull rod. When the third hydraulic push rod extends or retracts, it can drive the first traveling foot to simulate walking motion.

7. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second-stage slider includes a travel foot slider, a first connecting slider, and a second-stage limiting post, all fixed together. The travel foot slider is mounted on the second-stage guide rail. A second connecting slider is slidably connected inside the first connecting slider, and the second connecting slider is connected to the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod. The first connecting slider has a connecting pipe at one end near the inner wall of the second-stage housing, which is connected to the upper pressure chamber of the second-stage housing, and a fourth check valve at the other end away from the inner wall of the second-stage housing, which is connected to an external hydraulic system. The second-stage limiting post is limited within the second-stage groove of the upper-stage turntable. Under the control of the upper-stage turntable, the second-stage slider reciprocates linearly on the second-stage guide rail. The first travel foot assembly also includes a first ejector pin and a second ejector pin fixed on one side of the second-order guide rail, with the first ejector pin and the second ejector pin arranged opposite to each other; the first ejector pin and the second ejector pin extend into the first connecting slider from both ends of the first connecting slider to limit: when the second-order slider moves outward, the second connecting slider connects the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod to the fourth one-way valve; when the second-order slider moves inward, the second connecting slider connects the hydraulic chamber of the third hydraulic push rod to the connecting pipe.

8. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-4 and 6-7, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes a cutting pressure chamber mounted inside the upper part of the well wall cutting housing and multiple hydraulic support feet mounted inside the well wall cutting housing and distributed circumferentially. The hydraulic support foot is located above the cutting pressure chamber and is radially arranged along the well wall cutting shell, with the output end facing outward; furthermore, the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic support foot is connected to the cutting pressure chamber.

9. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism includes a drive turbine mounted on the central axis inside the well wall cutting housing, a toothed cylinder rotatably mounted on the central axis, and multiple cutting components that are drive-connected to the toothed cylinder; the drive turbine and the toothed cylinder are drive-connected through a clutch mechanism. The cutting assembly includes a cutting arm fixed on the central axis inside the well wall cutting housing, a gear rotatably connected to the cutting arm and meshing with the toothed wall cylinder, a cutting wheel rotatably mounted at the end of the cutting arm, and a first belt drivingly connected between the gear and the cutting wheel.

10. The downhole wellbore cutting tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clutch mechanism includes an upper pulley that is connected to the drive turbine via a second belt, a lower pulley that is connected to the toothed cylinder via a third belt, and a clutch assembly for driving the connection between the upper pulley and the lower pulley. The clutch assembly includes a spring rod fixed below the upper pulley, a first friction wheel mounted on the bottom of the spring rod, a second friction wheel fixed above the lower pulley, and a lever mounted on the bottom of the spring rod for controlling the contact or separation of the first friction wheel and the second friction wheel; The lever includes a crossbar hinged to the closed housing of the upper pulley and a fifth hydraulic cylinder; the middle part of the crossbar is fitted onto a spring rod, and the other end is hinged to the output end of the fifth hydraulic cylinder; The hydraulic chamber of the fifth hydraulic cylinder is connected to the cutting pressure chamber.

Images