Flange shaft connecting structure of planetary reducer

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a planetary reducer flanged shaft connecting structure which comprises a planetary reducer, an output shaft is arranged on one side of the planetary reducer, one end of the output shaft is connected with a basic disc, and a driving shaft is arranged at one end of the basic disc. A positioning torque transmission mechanism is arranged at one end of the output shaft, and an adjusting mechanism is arranged at the other end of the basic disc. According to the flanged shaft connecting structure of the planetary reducer, the guide conical surface of the transfer disc is tightly attached to the guide groove of the basic disc to form a bidirectional positioning reference, and precise spline meshing of the first spline shaft and the first fixing groove and precise spline meshing of the second spline shaft and the second fixing groove are matched, so that dependence on centering of a single spigot and a circumferential bolt is thoroughly eliminated; and the influence caused by machining errors and uneven assembly force is effectively avoided, high-precision coaxial positioning is achieved, virtual position centering is completely eradicated, and the connection stability and the adaptation flexibility are further guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission technology, and in particular to a flange shaft connection structure for a planetary gear reducer. Background Technology

[0002] Planetary gearboxes, due to their small size, large transmission ratio, and high efficiency, have been widely used in various industrial scenarios such as automation equipment, construction machinery, and new energy equipment. The connection effect between the output end and the driven component directly determines the accuracy, stability, and service life of the entire transmission system. With the trend of industrial production towards high precision, high reliability, and modularity, it is necessary to ensure the coaxiality of the gearbox output shaft and the driven component to avoid operational vibration and component wear; to achieve smooth torque transmission to adapt to complex working conditions such as heavy loads and impacts; to be compatible with different models and specifications of driven components to reduce equipment modification costs; and to simplify the assembly and disassembly process to improve maintenance efficiency. Therefore, a planetary gearbox flange shaft connection structure that can comprehensively address the above requirements has become a key component for ensuring transmission system performance and adapting to diverse industrial production scenarios.

[0003] In the current use of planetary reducer flange shaft connection structures, traditional planetary reducer flange shaft connection structures mostly rely on single stop and circumferential bolts for centering, which is easily affected by machining errors and uneven assembly forces, making it difficult to achieve high-precision coaxiality and prone to "false centering". Traditional planetary reducer flange shaft connection structures mostly use flat key connections for line contact force transmission, which easily leads to stress concentration at the root of the keyway during torque transmission, resulting in weak impact resistance and easy failure of groove chipping and key breakage under heavy loads. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flange shaft connection structure for a planetary reducer. This addresses the shortcomings of current planetary reducer flange shaft connection structures, which rely heavily on single-stop and circumferential bolts for centering. These traditional structures are susceptible to machining errors and uneven assembly forces, making it difficult to achieve high-precision coaxiality and prone to "misalignment." Furthermore, traditional planetary reducer flange shaft connection structures often use flat key connections for line contact force transmission. During torque transmission, stress concentration easily occurs at the root of the keyway, resulting in weak impact resistance and susceptibility to chipping and key breakage under heavy loads.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure, comprising a planetary reducer, an output shaft provided on one side of the planetary reducer, a base plate connected to one end of the output shaft, a drive shaft provided at one end of the base plate, a positioning and torque transmission mechanism provided at one end of the output shaft, and an adjustment mechanism provided at the other end of the base plate;

[0006] The positioning and torque transmission mechanism includes an adapter plate, a drive shaft, a first splined shaft, a first fixed groove, a second splined shaft, a second fixed groove, a guide cone surface, a guide groove, teeth, and tooth grooves. One end of the base plate is attached to the adapter plate, one end of the adapter plate is connected to the drive shaft, one end of the output shaft is fixedly connected to the first splined shaft, the other end of the base plate has a first fixed groove, both ends of the drive shaft are fixedly connected to the second splined shaft, the other end of the adapter plate has a second fixed groove, one end of the surface of the adapter plate is fixedly connected to a guide cone surface, one end of the surface of the base plate has a guide groove, the other end of the surface of the base plate has teeth, and the other end of the surface of the adapter plate has tooth grooves.

[0007] The adjustment mechanism includes an annular elongated hole, a sliding block, a bolt, a through hole, a spherical washer, and a flat washer. An annular elongated hole is provided at one end of the surface of the base plate. A sliding block is slidably connected to the surface of the annular elongated hole. A bolt is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block. A through hole is provided at one end of the surface of the adapter plate. A spherical washer is movably fitted on one side of the bolt surface, and a flat washer is movably fitted on the other side of the bolt surface.

[0008] Preferably, the surface of the first fixing groove is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the first spline shaft, and the surface of the second fixing groove is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the first spline shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the surface of the second fixing groove is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the second spline shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the guide cone surface fits tightly against the guide groove.

[0011] Preferably, the tooth pattern is closely fitted with the tooth groove, and the tooth pattern is evenly distributed circumferentially at an inclination angle of 10°.

[0012] Preferably, the spherical washer is tightly fitted to the adapter plate, and the flat washer is tightly fitted to the spherical washer.

[0013] Preferably, the bolt is movably sleeved with the adapter plate.

[0014] Preferably, the surface of the annular elongated hole is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the sliding block.

[0015] Preferably, four sets of the annular elongated holes are provided.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. This planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure forms a bidirectional positioning reference by tightly fitting the guide cone surface of the adapter plate with the guide groove of the base plate. Combined with the precise spline meshing of the first spline shaft with the first fixed groove and the second spline shaft with the second fixed groove, it completely eliminates the reliance on single stop and circumferential bolt centering, effectively avoids the influence of machining errors and uneven assembly force, achieves high-precision coaxiality positioning, and eliminates "false centering".

[0018] 2. This planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure replaces the traditional flat key's line contact with involute spline surface contact torque transmission, significantly dispersing torque stress and avoiding stress concentration at the keyway root. At the same time, the circumferentially distributed teeth and grooves at a 10° inclination angle between the base plate and the adapter plate mesh tightly, forming a "spline + tooth" dual-path torque transmission structure, which significantly improves impact resistance and heavy load adaptability, and effectively prevents chipping and key breakage failures.

[0019] 3. The flange shaft connection structure of this planetary reducer can compensate for slight tilting during tightening by using spherical washers that match the bolts. The annular elongated hole and sliding block cooperate to achieve flexible adjustment of the circumferential position of the bolts, further ensuring connection stability and adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction structure of the output shaft, part of the base plate, and the adapter plate of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0024] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction structure between the adapter plate, guide cone surface and base plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction structure between the adapter plate, the toothed groove, and the base plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction structure between the drive shaft, the second splined shaft, and part of the adapter plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding block, bolt and spherical washer of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Planetary reducer; 2. Output shaft; 3. Base plate; 4. Drive shaft; 5. Positioning and torque transmission mechanism; 501. Adapter plate; 502. Transmission shaft; 503. First splined shaft; 504. First fixed groove; 505. Second splined shaft; 506. Second fixed groove; 507. Guide cone surface; 508. Guide groove; 509. Tooth pattern; 510. Tooth groove; 6. Adjustment mechanism; 601. Annular elongated hole; 602. Sliding block; 603. Bolt; 604. Through hole; 605. Spherical washer; 606. Flat washer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This embodiment discloses a flange shaft connection structure for a planetary gear reducer, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1-9 As shown, it includes a planetary reducer 1, an output shaft 2 is provided on one side of the planetary reducer 1, a base plate 3 is connected to one end of the output shaft 2, a drive shaft 4 is provided at one end of the base plate 3, a positioning and torque transmission mechanism 5 is provided at one end of the output shaft 2, and an adjustment mechanism 6 is provided at the other end of the base plate 3.

[0032] The positioning and torque transmission mechanism 5 includes an adapter plate 501, a drive shaft 502, a first splined shaft 503, a first fixing groove 504, a second splined shaft 505, a second fixing groove 506, a guide cone surface 507, a guide groove 508, toothed teeth 509, and toothed grooves 510. One end of the base plate 3 is fitted with the adapter plate 501, and one end of the adapter plate 501 is connected to the drive shaft 502. One end of the output shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the first splined shaft 503. The other end of the base plate 3 has a first fixing groove 504. Both ends of the drive shaft 502 are fixedly connected to the second splined shaft 505. The other end of the adapter plate 501 has a second fixing groove 506, and one end of the surface of the adapter plate 501 is fixedly connected to the guide cone surface 507. One end of the surface of the base plate 3 is provided with a guide groove 508, and the other end of the surface of the base plate 3 is provided with a toothed groove 509. The other end of the surface of the adapter plate 501 is provided with a toothed groove 510. During use, the positioning and torque transmission mechanism 5 serves as the core power transmission and precise positioning unit. Through multiple sets of mating structures, it achieves efficient torque transmission and coaxiality assurance: the first spline shaft 503 at the end of the output shaft 2 forms a tight spline fit with the first fixing groove 504 of the base plate 3, and the second spline shafts 505 at both ends of the transmission shaft 502 are precisely fitted with the second fixing groove 506 of the adapter plate 501. The second fixing groove 506 is compatible with the assembly requirements of the first spline shaft 503 and the second spline shaft 505, which greatly improves the compatibility of the components. Meanwhile, the guide cone surface 507 of the adapter plate 501 fully fits the guide groove 508 of the base plate 3, and the automatic alignment during assembly is achieved by means of the cone surface guiding characteristics, avoiding "false centering" caused by unilateral positioning; the toothed pattern 509 of the base plate 3 meshes with the toothed groove 510 of the adapter plate 501, and the toothed pattern 509 adopts a circumferentially evenly distributed design with a 10° inclined angle, which not only enhances the stability of tooth surface contact, but also decomposes the axial clamping force through the inclined structure to form a tangential torsional force component, forming a "dual path torsional transmission" structure with the spline.

[0033] The adjustment mechanism 6 includes an annular elongated hole 601, a sliding block 602, a bolt 603, a through hole 604, a spherical washer 605, and a flat washer 606. An annular elongated hole 601 is provided at one end of the surface of the base plate 3. The sliding block 602 is slidably connected to the surface of the annular elongated hole 601. The bolt 603 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block 602. A through hole 604 is provided at one end of the surface of the adapter plate 501. The spherical washer 605 is movably fitted on one side of the surface of the bolt 603, and the flat washer 606 is movably fitted on the other side of the surface of the bolt 603. During use, the four sets of annular elongated holes 601 on the base plate 3 have concave inner walls that precisely match the sliding block 602, ensuring that the sliding block 602 drives the bolt 603 to slide smoothly along the annular trajectory without jamming. Bolt 603 passes through through hole 604 of adapter plate 501 to form a movable sleeve. During assembly, the circumferential distribution and number of bolts 603 can be flexibly adjusted according to the model of adapter plate 501 and the position of through hole 604, so that different specifications of driven parts can be adapted without replacing the base plate 3. At the same time, the spherical washer 605 and flat washer 606 sequentially sleeved on the surface of bolt 603 form a composite anti-deformation structure. The spherical washer 605 is close to the adapter plate 501, which can compensate for the slight tilt when the bolt is tightened and prevent the adapter plate 501 from being forcibly pulled and deformed. The flat washer 606 further increases the force-bearing area, protects the spherical washer 605 and the nut support surface, and improves the connection tightness.

[0034] Furthermore, the surface of the first fixing groove 504 is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the first spline shaft 503, and the surface of the second fixing groove 506 is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the first spline shaft 503. Through the setting of the first fixing groove 504 and the first spline shaft 503, the output shaft 2 and the base plate 3 can achieve precise spline meshing, which not only ensures that the coaxiality error between the two is controlled within a very small range, but also disperses the torsional stress through the contact characteristics of the spline surface, avoiding the line contact stress concentration problem of traditional flat key connections, and improving torque transmission efficiency and structural durability. Through the setting of the second fixing groove 506 and the first spline shaft 503, the adapter plate 501 can be directly adapted and connected to the first spline shaft 503 of the output shaft 2 without the need for additional customized adapter parts, which greatly improves the adaptability of the adapter plate 501 and reduces the cost of component replacement.

[0035] Furthermore, the surface of the second fixing groove 506 is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the second spline shaft 505. Through the setting of the second fixing groove 506 and the second spline shaft 505, the precise positioning and reliable torque transmission of the adapter plate 501 and the drive shaft 502 can be achieved. The full fit of the spline meshing surface can ensure the coaxiality of the drive shaft 502 and the adapter plate 501, and avoid vibration caused by eccentricity during operation. At the same time, the surface contact torque transmission method can effectively improve the impact resistance of the structure and adapt to high-frequency heavy-load conditions.

[0036] Furthermore, the guide cone surface 507 and the guide groove 508 fit tightly together. By setting the guide cone surface 507 and the guide groove 508, the automatic centering characteristic of the cone surface can be used to guide the adapter plate 501 and the base plate 3 to quickly align without precise manual alignment during assembly, reducing the skill requirements of the operators. At the same time, a "two-way positioning reference" is formed, which effectively avoids the "false centering" problem caused by unilateral positioning, further improving the coaxiality accuracy of the entire connection structure and reducing vibration and noise during operation.

[0037] Furthermore, the tooth pattern 509 and the tooth groove 510 are tightly fitted together. The tooth pattern 509 is evenly distributed circumferentially with an inclination angle of 10°. Through the setting of the tooth pattern 509 and the tooth groove 510, the relative torsional slippage between the base plate 3 and the adapter plate 501 can be prevented by the meshing of the tooth surfaces, so as to achieve auxiliary torque transmission and share the spline torsional load. By setting the tooth pattern 509 to be evenly distributed circumferentially with an inclination angle of 10°, the axial clamping force can be decomposed into an effective tangential torsional force, improving the torsional transmission efficiency. At the same time, it can avoid the radial separation force caused by the excessive angle, balance the tangential force transmission effect and the anti-tooth stripping ability, and prevent tooth surface failure under large torque or impact load.

[0038] Furthermore, the spherical washer 605 fits tightly against the adapter plate 501, and the flat washer 606 fits tightly against the spherical washer 605. The arrangement of the spherical washer 605 and the adapter plate 501 can adapt to the slight tilt of the bolt 603 when it is tightened, effectively compensating for assembly deviations and preventing the adapter plate 501 from being forcibly pulled and deformed, and the bolt 603 from being bent and damaged. The arrangement of the flat washer 606 and the spherical washer 605 can increase the contact area between the nut and the spherical washer 605, preventing the surface of the spherical washer 605 from being scratched when the nut is tightened, while dispersing the clamping force and improving the stability and anti-loosening effect of the bolt 603.

[0039] Furthermore, the bolt 603 is movably connected to the adapter plate 501. The bolt 603 and the adapter plate 501 are designed so that the circumferential position of the bolt 603 can be flexibly adjusted along the through hole 604. The position adjustment of the bolt 603 can be completed without disassembling the adapter plate 501, which simplifies the assembly and adjustment process. At the same time, it avoids hard friction between the bolt 603 and the adapter plate 501, reduces component wear, and extends service life.

[0040] Furthermore, the surface of the annular elongated hole 601 is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the sliding block 602. Through the arrangement of the annular elongated hole 601 and the sliding block 602, it can be ensured that the sliding block 602 drives the bolt 603 to slide smoothly along the annular elongated hole 601 without radial movement, ensuring the positioning accuracy of the bolt 603 during adjustment, avoiding loosening of the connection due to the offset of the sliding block 602, and improving the reliability of the structural connection.

[0041] Furthermore, four sets of annular elongated holes 601 are provided. By setting four sets of annular elongated holes 601, the tightening force of the four sets of bolts 603 can be evenly distributed on the contact surface between the base plate 3 and the adapter plate 501, avoiding flange deformation caused by localized force concentration. At the same time, the cooperation of multiple sets of bolts improves the overall rigidity and impact resistance of the connection structure, ensuring the stability of the connection under high-frequency vibration or heavy-load conditions.

[0042] Working Principle: During use, the assembly process begins. The output shaft 2 of the planetary reducer 1 is precisely positioned and connected to the first fixed groove 504 of the base plate 3 via its end first spline shaft 503 (involute spline, 12 teeth). The concave structure of the first fixed groove 504 matches the dimensions of the first spline shaft 503. Next, the adapter plates 501 at both ends of the drive shaft 502 are connected to the drive shaft 502 via the second spline shaft 505 (involute spline, 12 teeth). The second spline shaft 505 is also an involute spline with 12 teeth. The guide cone surface 507 of one adapter plate 501 aligns with the guide groove 508 of the base plate 3. The tight fit between the guide cone surface and the guide groove guides automatic alignment during assembly, forming a "two-way positioning reference" to avoid "false centering" caused by single-sided stop positioning. At the same time, the toothed surface 509 of the base plate 3 and the toothed groove 510 of the adapter plate 501 are tightly fitted together, preparing for subsequent torque transmission.

[0043] Then, bolts 603 are installed. The sliding block 602 of bolt 603 slides within the annular elongated hole 601 of the base plate 3. The position and number of bolts 603 in the circumferential distribution can be adjusted according to the model of the adapter plate 501 to achieve modular adaptation. When bolts 603 are assembled, they are assembled in the order of "Adapter plate 501 surface → Spherical washer 605 → Flat washer 606 → Nut". The spherical washer 605 has one convex end facing the adapter plate 501. The spherical washer 605 can compensate for the slight tilt when the bolt 603 is tightened, and prevent the adapter plate 501 from being forcibly pulled and deformed. The flat washer 606 protects the flat side of the spherical washer 605 from the nut support surface.

[0044] During the torque transmission stage, the output shaft 2 of the planetary reducer 1 rotates, transmitting torque to the base plate 3 via the first splined shaft 503. The base plate 3 then transmits part of the torque to the adapter plate 501 via the meshing teeth 509 and tooth grooves 510. At the same time, the base plate 3 and the adapter plate 501 transmit the remaining torque through the spline and spline groove. The adapter plate 501 drives the drive shaft 502 to rotate via the second splined shaft 505. The adapter plate 501 at the other end of the drive shaft 502 repeats the above torque transmission process, finally transmitting the torque to the drive shaft 4 of the driven component, thus achieving stable power transmission.

[0045] When maintenance or replacement of the driven component is required, simply loosen bolt 603 and separate the base plate 3 from the adapter plate 501. Since this structure is designed for scenarios where "a drive shaft connects the reducer and the driven component", when replacing the drive shaft 4 of the driven component, only the corresponding adapter plate 501 needs to be replaced. There is no need to modify core components such as the planetary reducer 1, output shaft 2, base plate 3, and drive shaft 502, which greatly improves maintenance efficiency and versatility.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure, comprising a planetary reducer (1), characterized in that: The planetary reducer (1) has an output shaft (2) on one side, a base plate (3) connected to one end of the output shaft (2), a drive shaft (4) on one end of the base plate (3), a positioning and torque transmission mechanism (5) on one end of the output shaft (2), and an adjustment mechanism (6) on the other end of the base plate (3). The positioning and torque transmission mechanism (5) includes a transition plate (501), one end of the base plate (3) is attached to the transition plate (501), one end of the transition plate (501) is connected to a drive shaft (502), one end of the output shaft (2) is fixedly connected to a first spline shaft (503), the other end of the base plate (3) is provided with a first fixing groove (504), both ends of the drive shaft (502) are fixedly connected to a second spline shaft (505), the other end of the transition plate (501) is provided with a second fixing groove (506), one end of the surface of the transition plate (501) is fixedly connected to a guide cone surface (507), one end of the surface of the base plate (3) is provided with a guide groove (508), the other end of the surface of the base plate (3) is provided with teeth (509), and the other end of the surface of the transition plate (501) is provided with teeth groove (510). The adjustment mechanism (6) includes an annular elongated hole (601). An annular elongated hole (601) is provided at one end of the surface of the base plate (3). A sliding block (602) is slidably connected to the surface of the annular elongated hole (601). A bolt (603) is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block (602). A through hole (604) is provided at one end of the surface of the adapter plate (501). A spherical washer (605) is movably sleeved on one side of the surface of the bolt (603). A flat washer (606) is movably sleeved on the other side of the surface of the bolt (603).

2. The planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the first fixing groove (504) is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the first spline shaft (503), and the surface of the second fixing groove (506) is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the first spline shaft (503).

3. The planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the second fixing groove (506) is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the second spline shaft (505).

4. The planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide cone surface (507) fits tightly against the guide groove (508).

5. The planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth pattern (509) fits tightly with the tooth groove (510), and the tooth pattern (509) is evenly distributed circumferentially at an inclination angle of 10°.

6. The planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spherical washer (605) is tightly fitted to the adapter plate (501), and the flat washer (606) is tightly fitted to the spherical washer (605).

7. The planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt (603) is movably connected to the adapter plate (501).

8. The planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the annular elongated hole (601) is provided with a concave structure that matches the size of the sliding block (602).

9. The planetary reducer flange shaft connection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular elongated hole (601) is provided in four sets.

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