Cooking fume equipment control method based on multi-mode sensor and cooking fume equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil smoke equipment control method based on a multi-mode sensor, which comprises the following steps: setting at least three particulate matter concentration threshold values based on particulate matter concentration parameters, and triggering kitchen smoke exhaust equipment to be switched to a corresponding working mode and matched with an initial smoke exhaust gear according to a comparison result of the particulate matter concentration parameters and the particulate matter concentration threshold values; at least one combustible gas concentration threshold value is set based on the combustible gas concentration parameter, and when the combustible gas concentration parameter exceeds the combustible gas concentration threshold value, the kitchen smoke exhaust equipment is triggered to be switched to a high-speed ventilation mode; and in the operation process of each working mode, according to a preset time rule or the variation trend of the particulate matter concentration parameter, automatically adjusting the smoke exhaust gear or triggering the equipment to be shut down. Kitchen environment parameters are collected in real time through the multi-mode sensor, automatic switching between the working mode and the smoke exhaust gear of the kitchen smoke exhaust equipment is achieved, and the intelligence, the energy saving performance and the safety of equipment operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to kitchen appliances, and more particularly to a method for controlling fume extraction equipment based on multimodal sensors, and a fume extraction equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Existing kitchen exhaust systems (such as range hoods) mostly rely on manual adjustment by users, which leads to problems such as untimely adjustments and mismatch between airflow and actual oil fume concentration. When the oil fume concentration in the kitchen is low, manually turning on the high fan speed will result in energy waste and noise pollution. When the oil fume concentration suddenly increases or there is a flammable gas leak, if the user does not act in time, it can easily lead to the spread of oil fumes, harming health and even causing safety risks. In addition, some exhaust systems with automatic control functions adjust based on only a single oil fume concentration parameter, resulting in low control precision and an inability to fully cope with the complex environmental changes in the kitchen. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a control method and a fume extraction device based on multimodal sensors. By collecting kitchen environmental parameters in real time through multimodal sensors, the working mode and exhaust level of the kitchen exhaust device can be automatically switched, thereby improving the intelligence, energy efficiency and safety of the device operation.

[0004] The technical solution of this application is as follows: In a first aspect, this application provides a method for controlling a fume extraction device based on a multimodal sensor, applied to a fume extraction device. The fume extraction device includes a range hood and a multimodal sensor disposed within the range hood. The multimodal sensor detects particulate matter concentration parameters and combustible gas concentration parameters in a target environment. The range hood is pre-configured with multiple exhaust speeds and corresponding power and airflow levels, and has at least three operating modes: a low-speed ventilation mode, an automatic airflow adjustment mode, and a high-speed ventilation mode. The method includes: Based on the particulate matter concentration parameter, at least three particulate matter concentration thresholds are set. According to the comparison result between the particulate matter concentration parameter and the particulate matter concentration threshold, the kitchen exhaust equipment is triggered to switch to the corresponding working mode and match the initial exhaust level. At least one combustible gas concentration threshold is set based on the combustible gas concentration parameter. When the combustible gas concentration parameter exceeds the combustible gas concentration threshold, the kitchen exhaust equipment is triggered to switch to high-speed ventilation mode. During operation in each working mode, the exhaust level is automatically adjusted or the equipment is shut down based on preset time rules or the changing trend of particulate matter concentration parameters.

[0005] In a possible implementation, the particulate matter concentration parameters include PM1.0 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration, and the three particulate matter concentration thresholds include an increasing first threshold, a second threshold, and a third threshold; the combustible gas concentration parameters include methane concentration, propane concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration, and the combustible gas concentration threshold is a fourth threshold.

[0006] In a possible implementation, when the particulate matter concentration exceeds a first set ratio of a first threshold and the ratio of PM2.5 concentration to PM10 concentration exceeds a second set ratio, the range hood is controlled to start the low-speed ventilation mode and operate at the first gear; after the low-speed ventilation mode has been running for a first time, the range hood is controlled to automatically turn off.

[0007] In a possible implementation, when the particulate matter concentration is between a first threshold and a second threshold, the range hood is controlled to activate the automatic airflow adjustment mode and initially operate in the second gear range; when the particulate matter concentration is between a second threshold and a third threshold, the range hood is controlled to initially operate in the third gear range; when the particulate matter concentration exceeds the third threshold, the range hood is controlled to activate the high-speed ventilation mode and initially operate in the fourth gear.

[0008] In a possible implementation, when the automatic airflow adjustment mode is operating in the second or third gear range, the current smoke exhaust gear Ni is calculated based on the current particulate matter concentration, the concentration threshold of the corresponding gear range, and the gear range using a first relational formula; the calculated Ni value is rounded according to a second relational formula, and the Ni value is limited to not exceeding the maximum gear of the corresponding gear range according to a third relational formula. The first relation is: Ni = Nlo + Xi*(Nhi - Nlo) / (Xhi - Xlo); The second relation is Ni = (int)(Ni + 0.5); The third relation is Ni = min (Ni, Nhi); Where Xlo is the lower limit of the fume concentration threshold for the corresponding gear range; Xhi represents the upper limit of the fume concentration threshold for the corresponding gear range; Nlo is the starting gear of the corresponding gear range; Nhi represents the maximum gear in the corresponding gear range; Xi represents the current real-time concentration of cooking fumes; Ni is the appropriate exhaust setting for the current oil fume concentration.

[0009] In a possible implementation, in automatic airflow adjustment mode, if the particulate matter concentration remains below the first threshold for a period of time exceeding a second time, the equipment will automatically shut down. If the particulate matter concentration is between the first and third thresholds, the current gear will be maintained for a third time after the gear adjustment. If the particulate matter concentration decreases during this period, a downshift operation will be performed.

[0010] In a possible implementation, when operating at the fourth gear in the high-speed ventilation mode, after the mode has been running for a fourth time, the range hood automatically downgrades to the starting gear of the third gear range.

[0011] In a possible implementation, when any one of the methane concentration, propane concentration, or carbon monoxide concentration detected by the multimodal sensor exceeds a fourth threshold, the range hood is controlled to start a high-speed ventilation mode, and after running continuously for a fifth time, the device automatically shuts down.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the exhaust levels are arranged in ascending order of power and air volume as the first level, the second level range, the third level range, and the fourth level. Each level and level range corresponds to a unique power and exhaust air volume parameter. The higher the level value, the greater the power and air volume, and the higher the wind noise level.

[0013] Secondly, this application also provides a fume extraction device, including a fume extraction device and a multimodal sensor disposed within the fume extraction device, wherein the fume extraction device and the multimodal sensor are operated by the control method described above.

[0014] The embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: In terms of smoke extraction efficiency, a multi-modal sensor detects particulate matter concentration, and at least three thresholds are set to correspond to three working modes—low speed, automatic, and high speed—and their initial settings, achieving precise matching between smoke extraction capacity and the amount of oil fumes. For example, light oil fumes trigger the low-speed mode for energy saving, while heavy oil fumes activate the high-speed mode for powerful smoke extraction, avoiding the problems of untimely or wasteful smoke extraction caused by the fixed settings of traditional equipment. In terms of safety protection, a concentration threshold is set for combustible gas leaks. When the threshold is exceeded, the system will be forced to switch to high-speed ventilation mode. Regardless of the current equipment status, combustible gas will be diluted and discharged first, upgrading the equipment from a smoke extraction tool to a safety auxiliary device, thereby reducing the risk of explosion and poisoning. In terms of user experience, the device dynamically adjusts the gear according to preset time rules (such as automatic shutdown after timeout) or particulate matter concentration change trends (such as automatic gear upgrade when concentration suddenly increases), eliminating the need for repeated user operation, solving the problem of rigid adjustment in traditional equipment, and reducing the operational burden. In terms of energy consumption and loss control, the multi-level configuration allows the equipment to use power as needed, avoiding high-power idling, and dynamically adjusting to reduce the high-load operation time of core components, which not only reduces energy consumption but also extends equipment life and saves users' operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and therefore should not be considered as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 The overall flowchart of the oil fume equipment control method based on multimodal sensors according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0018] The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] In the following, the terms “comprising,” “having,” and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of this application, are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination thereof, and should not be construed as excluding, firstly, the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, or adding the possibility of one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this application pertain. Terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as in their contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and shall not be construed as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this application.

[0022] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0023] First Embodiment refer to Figure 1 This application provides a method for controlling a fume extraction device based on a multimodal sensor. The fume extraction device includes a range hood and a multimodal sensor installed within it. The multimodal sensor detects particulate matter concentration parameters and combustible gas concentration parameters in the target environment. The range hood is pre-configured with multiple exhaust speeds and corresponding power and airflow levels, and has at least three operating modes: a low-speed ventilation mode, an automatic airflow adjustment mode, and a high-speed ventilation mode. The method includes: Based on the particulate matter concentration parameter, at least three particulate matter concentration thresholds are set. According to the comparison result between the particulate matter concentration parameter and the particulate matter concentration threshold, the kitchen exhaust equipment is triggered to switch to the corresponding working mode and match the initial exhaust level. At least one combustible gas concentration threshold is set based on the combustible gas concentration parameter. When the combustible gas concentration parameter exceeds the combustible gas concentration threshold, the kitchen exhaust equipment is triggered to switch to high-speed ventilation mode. During operation in each working mode, the exhaust level is automatically adjusted or the equipment is shut down based on preset time rules or the changing trend of particulate matter concentration parameters.

[0024] In this embodiment, the multimodal sensor comprises various types of sensors, such as a fume sensor and combustible gas (e.g., methane, propane, carbon monoxide) sensors. These sensors can collect data on the concentrations of fumes, methane, propane, and carbon monoxide in the target environment (kitchen). Particulate matter concentration parameters include PM1.0 concentration (particles smaller than 1.0 μm), PM2.5 concentration (particles smaller than 2.5 μm), and PM10 concentration (particles smaller than 10 μm). These parameters directly reflect the degree of kitchen fume pollution. PM2.5, due to its small particle size, cannot be effectively filtered by the human respiratory tract and is a key indicator affecting respiratory health. Combustible gas concentration parameters include methane, propane, and carbon monoxide concentrations. Methane and propane often originate from gas leaks, while carbon monoxide often originates from incomplete combustion of fuel. Both types of gases pose safety risks and require real-time monitoring to prevent accidents. After collecting these parameters, the multimodal sensor reports them in real-time to the control device of the range hood (e.g., the range hood's computer board).

[0025] The range hood has preset basic control parameters, including the exhaust level and corresponding power and air volume level. Based on the maximum power Pmax of the equipment, the exhaust level is divided into multiple levels (such as 4 levels / level ranges). Each level / level range corresponds to a unique power (P) and exhaust air volume (Q) parameter. The level value is positively correlated with the power and air volume. That is, the higher the level value, the greater the power and exhaust air volume, and the higher the noise level, so as to meet the exhaust needs under different pollution levels.

[0026] Three preset working modes are provided for different application scenarios: a preset low-speed ventilation mode, an automatic airflow adjustment mode, and a high-speed ventilation mode. The low-speed ventilation mode focuses on improving air quality with low noise, the automatic airflow adjustment mode focuses on dynamically matching the airflow according to the concentration of cooking fumes, and the high-speed ventilation mode focuses on rapid smoke removal in emergency situations (such as high concentrations of cooking fumes or combustible gas leaks).

[0027] To achieve precise matching between particulate matter concentration and equipment control, the working mode and initial gear switching based on particulate matter concentration parameters must first be set based on the common range of kitchen oil fume concentrations, such as a first threshold, a second threshold, and a third threshold. Then, the control action is triggered through the following logic: The control device receives particulate matter concentration parameters reported by the multimodal sensor in real time, compares these parameters with three preset particulate matter concentration thresholds, and determines the threshold range in which the current concentration falls; 2. Based on the determination result of the threshold range, the device is triggered to switch to the corresponding working mode: such as low-speed ventilation mode for low-concentration range, automatic airflow adjustment mode for medium-concentration range, and high-speed ventilation mode for high-concentration range. 3. When switching working modes, match the initial smoke exhaust level of the equipment to the mode. The initial level needs to be set in conjunction with the mode function. For example, the low-speed ventilation mode should be matched with the low-noise initial level, and the automatic air volume adjustment mode should be matched with the initial level of the corresponding concentration range to ensure that the equipment can quickly adapt to the current pollution situation after startup.

[0028] The high-speed ventilation mode is triggered based on combustible gas concentration parameters. Considering the safety of combustible gas leaks, at least one combustible gas concentration threshold, such as a fourth threshold, must be set. The control device monitors the concentration parameters of methane, propane, and carbon monoxide reported by multi-modal sensors in real time. If the concentration parameter of any combustible gas exceeds the preset combustible gas concentration threshold, it is determined that there is a safety risk, and the equipment is immediately triggered to switch to high-speed ventilation mode. The high-speed ventilation mode quickly removes the leaked combustible gas with maximum airflow, reducing the concentration of combustible gas in the kitchen, preventing it from reaching the explosion limit or causing personnel poisoning, and ensuring kitchen safety.

[0029] During operation in each working mode, the equipment's operating status needs to be further optimized based on dynamically changing environmental parameters and preset rules, specifically including: Fixed time thresholds are set for different modes, such as the first time and the fourth time. When the mode runs for a certain duration, a preset action is executed, such as automatically shutting down after a specified time in low-speed ventilation mode and downgrading after a specified time in high-speed ventilation mode, to avoid the equipment running ineffectively for a long time.

[0030] If the particulate matter concentration shows a downward trend and remains below a certain threshold, such as the first threshold, the range hood will automatically shut down. If the concentration fluctuates in the medium concentration range, a dynamic gear adjustment strategy will be adopted, which will quickly increase the gear and slowly decrease it to ensure that the air volume and concentration changes are synchronized, thus ensuring the smoke extraction effect and avoiding energy waste caused by frequent gear switching. In some embodiments, the particulate matter concentration parameters include PM1.0 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration, and the three particulate matter concentration thresholds include an increasing first threshold, a second threshold, and a third threshold; the combustible gas concentration parameters include methane concentration, propane concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration, and the combustible gas concentration threshold is a fourth threshold.

[0031] In this embodiment, the particulate matter concentration parameters specifically include PM1.0 concentration, PM2.5 concentration, and PM10 concentration. These three parameters reflect the distribution of cooking fume particulate matter from different particle size dimensions. The concentration ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 can further determine the proportion of fine particulate matter, providing a more comprehensive basis for air quality assessment. The three particulate matter concentration thresholds are set in conjunction with the actual concentration range of kitchen fumes. The first threshold is set at 1 mg / m³ (corresponding to low-concentration cooking fume scenarios), the second threshold at 5 mg / m³ (corresponding to medium-concentration cooking fume scenarios, such as daily stir-frying), and the third threshold at 10 mg / m³ (corresponding to high-concentration cooking fume scenarios, such as stir-frying). These three thresholds divide the cooking fume concentration into three intervals, each corresponding to different operating modes, ensuring the rationality and practicality of the threshold settings.

[0032] Furthermore, the combustible gas concentration parameters specifically include methane, propane, and carbon monoxide concentrations. Methane and propane are the main components of natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), while carbon monoxide is a product of incomplete combustion of combustible gases. All three are common hazardous gases in kitchens and require targeted monitoring. The combustible gas concentration thresholds are set with reference to national safety standards and safe gas concentration ranges. A fourth threshold of 100 ppm is set. This threshold is lower than the lower explosive limits of methane (explosive limits 5%-15%, approximately 50,000 ppm) and propane (explosive limits 2.1%-9.5%, approximately 21,000 ppm), and also lower than the safe exposure limits for carbon monoxide (short-term exposure limit 30 ppm, long-term exposure limit 9 ppm, 100 ppm is the emergency warning value). This ensures that warnings and ventilation actions are triggered before the gas concentration reaches a dangerous level, guaranteeing safety. In some embodiments, when the particulate matter concentration exceeds a first set ratio of a first threshold and the ratio of PM2.5 concentration to PM10 concentration exceeds a second set ratio, the range hood is controlled to start the low-speed ventilation mode and operate at the first gear; after the low-speed ventilation mode has been running for a first time, the range hood is controlled to automatically turn off.

[0033] In this embodiment, the control device first determines whether the particulate matter concentration exceeds 50% of the first threshold (1 mg / m³), i.e., the concentration exceeds 0.5 mg / m³. Although this concentration does not reach a high pollution level, there is already a certain amount of particulate matter pollution, and ventilation needs to be activated. If the above concentration condition is met, the percentage of PM2.5 concentration to PM10 concentration is further calculated: if this percentage exceeds 80%, it indicates that the proportion of tiny suspended particulate matter (PM2.5) in the air is extremely high. Such particulate matter is easy to enter the human respiratory tract and harms health, so its concentration needs to be reduced by low-speed ventilation first. Only when both of the above conditions are met simultaneously is it determined that the kitchen air quality is poor and low-noise ventilation is required, triggering the low-speed ventilation mode to avoid unnecessary equipment activation and energy waste.

[0034] Furthermore, after the mode is triggered, the device operates at the lowest setting (N1 setting, N1=1), corresponding to the minimum power, airflow, and noise level. This achieves ventilation while minimizing noise disturbance to the user's daily life. A first time period (e.g., 10 minutes) is set as the upper limit for the mode's operating time. After the low-speed ventilation mode has been running for the first time, the control device determines that the kitchen air quality has improved and automatically shuts down the device without requiring manual operation, enhancing ease of use. If the particulate matter concentration drops below 50% of the first threshold during operation, shutdown can also be triggered earlier, further saving energy.

[0035] In some embodiments, when the particulate matter concentration is between a first threshold and a second threshold, the range hood is controlled to activate the automatic airflow adjustment mode and initially operate in the second gear range; when the particulate matter concentration is between a second threshold and a third threshold, the range hood is controlled to initially operate in the third gear range; when the particulate matter concentration exceeds the third threshold, the range hood is controlled to activate the high-speed ventilation mode and initially operate in the fourth gear.

[0036] In this embodiment, the triggering of the automatic airflow adjustment mode is matched with the initial gear. The automatic airflow adjustment mode is suitable for medium-concentration oil fume scenarios. The triggering logic and the initial gear need to be set according to the medium-concentration sub-range (first threshold and second threshold, second threshold and third threshold) where the particulate matter concentration is located.

[0037] When the particulate matter concentration is in the low-to-medium concentration sub-range (between the first threshold of 1 mg / m³ and the second threshold of 5 mg / m³), it is determined to be cooking fumes generated by light daily cooking. The airflow needs to be dynamically adjusted to balance the exhaust effect and energy consumption. The equipment initially operates in the second speed range (N2-N3, N2=N1+1=2), which is a low-to-medium fan speed range with moderate airflow, meeting the exhaust needs of light cooking fumes while avoiding the noise and energy consumption of high fan speeds.

[0038] When the particulate matter concentration is in the high-medium concentration sub-range (between the second threshold of 5 mg / m³ and the third threshold of 10 mg / m³), it is determined to be oil fume generated by moderate cooking (such as cooking on multiple stoves simultaneously). The airflow needs to be increased to ensure timely exhaust of the oil fumes. The equipment initially operates in the third speed range (N4-N5, N4=N3+1), which is a medium-high fan speed range with a higher airflow than the second speed range, quickly exhausting moderate oil fumes and preventing them from spreading outside the kitchen.

[0039] When the particulate matter concentration exceeds the third threshold of 10 mg / m³, it is determined to be high-concentration oil fumes generated by high-intensity cooking (such as stir-frying and deep-frying). If not discharged in time, the fumes can easily spread, adhere to furniture, and harm health. At this time, the equipment immediately triggers the high-speed ventilation mode and initially operates at the fourth level (N6 level, N6=N5+1). This level is the highest level of the equipment, corresponding to the maximum power and air volume, which can discharge high-concentration oil fumes in the shortest time, quickly reduce the concentration of oil fumes in the kitchen, and ensure a clean cooking environment.

[0040] In some embodiments, when the automatic airflow adjustment mode is operating in the second or third gear range, the current smoke exhaust gear (Ni) is calculated using a first formula based on the current particulate matter concentration (Xi), the concentration threshold (Xlo, Xhi) of the corresponding gear range, and the gear range (Nlo, Nhi); the calculated Ni value is rounded according to a second formula, and the Ni value is limited to not exceeding the maximum gear (Nhi) of the corresponding gear range according to a third formula. The first relation is: Ni = Nlo + Xi*(Nhi - Nlo) / (Xhi - Xlo); The second relation is Ni = (int)(Ni + 0.5); The third relation is Ni = min (Ni, Nhi); Where Xlo is the lower limit of the fume concentration threshold for the corresponding gear range; Xhi represents the upper limit of the fume concentration threshold for the corresponding gear range; Nlo is the starting gear of the corresponding gear range; Nhi represents the maximum gear in the corresponding gear range; Xi represents the current real-time concentration of cooking fumes; Ni is the appropriate exhaust setting for the current oil fume concentration.

[0041] In this embodiment, the range hood operates in either the second (N2-N3) or third (N4-N5) gear range. The gear level needs to be dynamically adjusted based on the real-time particulate matter concentration to avoid the problem of a fixed gear level failing to adapt to concentration changes, achieving a linear match where "the higher the concentration, the higher the gear." The gear level is calculated using the following formula: Ni = Nlo + Xi * (Nhi - Nlo) / (Xhi - Xlo), where each parameter is defined as follows: Xi is the current particulate matter concentration, collected in real time by a multimodal sensor and reported to the control device. It is the core input parameter for gear level calculation and directly reflects the current concentration level of kitchen fumes; Xlo is the lower limit of the concentration threshold for the corresponding gear level range, matching the gear level range. If the equipment is operating in the second gear level range (N2-N3), Xlo takes the first threshold of 1 mg / m³; if it is operating in the third gear level range (N4-N5), Xlo takes the second threshold of 5 mg / m³; Xhi The concentration threshold upper limit for the corresponding range is also matched with the range. Xhi for the second range is the second threshold of 5 mg / m³, and Xhi for the third range is the third threshold of 10 mg / m³. Nlo is the starting range for the corresponding range. The starting range for the second range is N2 (N2=2), and the starting range for the third range is N4. Nhi is the maximum range for the corresponding range. The maximum range for the second range is N3 (e.g., N3=3), and the maximum range for the third range is N5 (e.g., N5=5). *Ni is the calculated current smoke emission level.

[0042] The result calculated using the above formula needs further processing before being used as the actual operating level of the range hood. The processing rules for the level calculation result are constrained by the following two formulas. Since the calculated Ni may be a decimal and may exceed the maximum level within the corresponding level range, the following two steps are required to ensure the level is legal and valid: 1. The formula Ni = (int)(Ni + 0.5) is used for rounding. The decimal form of Ni is converted into an integer level by rounding to the nearest integer. For example, when Ni = 2.3, (int)(2.3 + 0.5) = 2, and the final level is level 2; when Ni = 2.6, (int)(2.6 + 0.5) = 3, and the final level is level 3. This ensures that the level matches the actual adjustable integer level of the equipment.

[0043] 2. The upper limit is limited by the formula Ni=min(Ni,Nhi). If the rounded Ni exceeds the maximum gear Nhi of the corresponding gear range, such as Nhi=5 in the third gear range, and Ni=6 after calculation, Ni is limited to Nhi by this formula to avoid the gear exceeding the operating range of the equipment and prevent the equipment from being overloaded or damaged.

[0044] In some embodiments, in automatic airflow adjustment mode, if the particulate matter concentration remains below the first threshold for a period of time exceeding a second time, the device automatically shuts down. If the particulate matter concentration is between the first and third thresholds, the current gear will be maintained for a third time after the gear adjustment. If the particulate matter concentration decreases during this period, a downshift operation will be performed.

[0045] In this embodiment, during the automatic airflow adjustment mode, the control device continuously monitors the particulate matter concentration. If the concentration remains below the first threshold of 1 mg / m³ for an extended period (e.g., 3 minutes), it is determined that the kitchen fumes have completely dissipated, and the equipment no longer needs to operate. At this point, the range hood is automatically shut down to reduce unnecessary energy consumption and avoid noise interference caused by prolonged operation, thereby improving the energy efficiency and convenience of the equipment.

[0046] When the concentration of particulate matter increases rapidly (such as when cooking power is suddenly increased), the control device immediately calculates and adjusts the level according to the concentration change, without waiting for a delay. For example, when the concentration suddenly rises from 2mg / m³ to 4mg / m³, it immediately calculates according to the formula and adjusts the level from N2 to N3 to ensure timely increase in air volume and prevent the spread of oil fumes. When particulate matter concentration decreases, do not immediately downshift. Instead, maintain the current setting for a period of time (e.g., 3 minutes), continuously monitoring the concentration. If the concentration continues to decrease or stabilizes at a low level, then downshift. If the concentration rises again, cancel the downshift. This avoids frequent setting changes due to short-term concentration fluctuations, reduces equipment start-up and shutdown losses, and ensures that the airflow can still cover potential concentration increases, guaranteeing effective smoke extraction.

[0047] In some embodiments, when operating at the fourth gear (N6 gear) in high-speed ventilation mode, after the mode has been running for a fourth time, the range hood automatically downgrades to the starting gear (N4 gear) of the third gear range.

[0048] In this embodiment, the device operates at the fourth gear (N6, the highest gear) in high-speed ventilation mode. While this allows for rapid smoke extraction, the power, airflow, and noise levels are all at their highest, leading to energy waste and noise interference over long periods. Therefore, once the high concentration of cooking fumes is controlled, the operating state needs to be optimized by downgrading the gear. This is suitable for scenarios where the particulate matter concentration exceeds the third threshold of 10 mg / m³, triggering the high-speed ventilation mode and operating at the fourth gear. Specifically, a fourth time period (e.g., 3 minutes) is set as the upper limit for the fourth gear's operating time. When the high-speed ventilation mode operates at the fourth gear for the fourth time period, the control device determines that the high concentration of cooking fumes has been effectively controlled and the kitchen fume concentration has significantly decreased, eliminating the need to maintain the highest gear. At this time, the range hood automatically downgrades from the fourth gear (N6) to the starting gear (N4) of the third gear range. Since the third gear range (N4-N5) is a medium-high fan speed, although the air volume is lower than that of the fourth gear, it can still meet the exhaust requirements of residual oil fumes after downgrading, while reducing power consumption and wind noise, achieving a seamless connection between "emergency smoke exhaust and smooth transition".

[0049] In some embodiments, when any one of the methane concentration, propane concentration, or carbon monoxide concentration detected by the multimodal sensor exceeds a fourth threshold (100 ppm), the range hood is controlled to start a high-speed ventilation mode, and after running continuously for a fifth time, the device automatically shuts down.

[0050] In this embodiment, the control device receives real-time data on methane, propane, and carbon monoxide concentrations reported by multimodal sensors. The concentrations of these three gases are compared to a fourth threshold of 100 ppm. If the concentration of any one gas exceeds 100 ppm, regardless of whether the concentrations of other gases are normal, it is determined to be a "flammable gas leak risk." This design avoids safety hazards caused by missing a single gas and ensures that all hazardous gases can be identified in a timely manner. Upon determining a leak risk, a high-speed ventilation mode is immediately triggered, with the equipment operating at the fourth level (N6). The leaked flammable gas is quickly expelled using maximum airflow, reducing the gas concentration in the kitchen and preventing it from reaching the explosion limit or causing carbon monoxide poisoning. A fifth time period (e.g., 10 minutes) is set as the mode's operating duration. After the mode has been running for five consecutive hours, the control device assumes that the flammable gas in the kitchen has been largely expelled and the concentration has dropped to a safe level, automatically triggering the equipment to shut down. If the sensors detect that the concentrations of all three gases are below the fourth threshold during operation, the device can also shut down earlier to further save energy.

[0051] In some embodiments, the smoke exhaust levels are arranged in ascending order of power and air volume as the first level, the second level range, the third level range, and the fourth level. Each level and level range corresponds to a unique power and smoke exhaust air volume parameter. The higher the level value, the greater the power and air volume, and the higher the wind noise level.

[0052] In this embodiment, users or devices can intuitively judge the smoke extraction capacity through the gear level value, while providing a clear direction for automatic control (the gear level is increased when the concentration increases and decreased when the concentration decreases). Specifically, it is divided into a first gear level, a second gear level range, a third gear level range, and a fourth gear level. The parameter correspondence between each gear level / range is as follows: The first gear is the lowest gear of the equipment (N1=1), which corresponds to the lowest power (P1) and exhaust air volume (Q1), and the lowest wind noise level. It is suitable for ventilation and air exchange of low-concentration oil fumes (such as low-speed ventilation and air exchange mode).

[0053] The second gear range (N2-N3) is a medium-low fan speed range (N2=N1+1=2, N3 is the maximum speed in the range, such as 3). The corresponding power (P2-P3) and air volume (Q2-Q3) are higher than the first gear, with moderate wind noise, and are suitable for low to medium concentrations of cooking fumes (such as light daily cooking).

[0054] The third gear range (N4-N5) is a medium-high fan speed range (N4=N3+1, such as 4; N5 is the maximum gear in the range, such as 5). The corresponding power (P4-P5) and air volume (Q4-Q5) are higher than the second gear range, and the wind noise is higher. It is suitable for medium to high concentrations of cooking fumes (such as medium cooking).

[0055] The fourth gear is the maximum gear of the equipment (N6=N5+1, such as 6), which corresponds to the maximum power (P6) and air volume (Q6), and the highest wind noise. It is suitable for high concentrations of oil fumes or flammable gas leaks (such as high-speed ventilation mode).

[0056] Second Embodiment This application also provides a fume extraction device, including a range hood and a multimodal sensor. The multimodal sensor is installed inside the range hood. Since the operation mode of the range hood and the multimodal sensor is the same as the control mode in the first embodiment, it will not be described again here.

[0057] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that, in alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0058] In addition, the functional modules or units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0059] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a smartphone, personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0060] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A control method for a fume extraction device based on multimodal sensors, characterized in that, The method is applied to a fume extraction device, which includes a range hood and a multimodal sensor installed within the range hood. The multimodal sensor detects particulate matter concentration parameters and combustible gas concentration parameters in a target environment. The range hood is pre-configured with multiple exhaust speeds and corresponding power and airflow levels, and has at least three operating modes: a low-speed ventilation mode, an automatic airflow adjustment mode, and a high-speed ventilation mode. Based on the particulate matter concentration parameter, at least three particulate matter concentration thresholds are set. According to the comparison result between the particulate matter concentration parameter and the particulate matter concentration threshold, the kitchen exhaust equipment is triggered to switch to the corresponding working mode and match the initial exhaust level. At least one combustible gas concentration threshold is set based on the combustible gas concentration parameter. When the combustible gas concentration parameter exceeds the combustible gas concentration threshold, the kitchen exhaust equipment is triggered to switch to high-speed ventilation mode. During operation in each working mode, the exhaust level is automatically adjusted or the equipment is shut down based on preset time rules or the changing trend of particulate matter concentration parameters.

2. The method for controlling fume extraction equipment based on multimodal sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particulate matter concentration parameters include PM1.0 concentration, PM2.5 concentration and PM10 concentration, and the three particulate matter concentration thresholds include an increasing first threshold, a second threshold and a third threshold; the combustible gas concentration parameters include methane concentration, propane concentration and carbon monoxide concentration, and the combustible gas concentration threshold is a fourth threshold.

3. The oil fume equipment control method based on multimodal sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the particulate matter concentration exceeds a first set ratio of a first threshold, and the ratio of PM2.5 concentration to PM10 concentration exceeds a second set ratio, the range hood is controlled to start the low-speed ventilation mode and run at the first gear; after the low-speed ventilation mode has been running for a first time, the range hood is controlled to automatically turn off.

4. The method for controlling fume extraction equipment based on multimodal sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the particulate matter concentration is between the first threshold and the second threshold, the range hood is controlled to start the automatic airflow adjustment mode and initially operate in the second gear range; when the particulate matter concentration is between the second threshold and the third threshold, the range hood is controlled to initially operate in the third gear range; when the particulate matter concentration exceeds the third threshold, the range hood is controlled to operate the high-speed ventilation mode and initially operate in the fourth gear.

5. The oil fume equipment control method based on multimodal sensors according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the automatic airflow adjustment mode is operating in the second or third gear range, the current smoke exhaust gear Ni is calculated based on the current particulate matter concentration, the concentration threshold of the corresponding gear range, and the gear range using the first relational formula; the calculated Ni value is rounded according to the second relational formula, and the Ni value is limited to not exceed the maximum gear of the corresponding gear range according to the third relational formula. The first relation is: Ni = Nlo + Xi*(Nhi - Nlo) / (Xhi - Xlo); The second relation is Ni = (int)(Ni + 0.5); The third relation is Ni = min (Ni, Nhi); Where Xlo is the lower limit of the fume concentration threshold for the corresponding gear range; Xhi represents the upper limit of the fume concentration threshold for the corresponding gear range; Nlo is the starting gear of the corresponding gear range; Nhi represents the maximum gear in the corresponding gear range; Xi represents the current real-time concentration of cooking fumes; Ni is the appropriate exhaust setting for the current oil fume concentration.

6. The oil fume equipment control method based on multimodal sensors according to claim 4, characterized in that, In automatic airflow adjustment mode, if the particulate matter concentration remains below the first threshold for more than a second time, the equipment will automatically shut down. If the particulate matter concentration is between the first and third thresholds, the current gear will be maintained for a third time after the gear adjustment. If the particulate matter concentration decreases during this period, a downshift operation will be performed.

7. The oil fume equipment control method based on multimodal sensors according to claim 4, characterized in that, When operating at the fourth gear in high-speed ventilation mode, the range hood will automatically downgrade to the starting gear of the third gear range after the fourth time this mode has been running.

8. The method for controlling fume extraction equipment based on multimodal sensors according to claim 2, characterized in that, When any one of the methane concentration, propane concentration, or carbon monoxide concentration detected by the multimodal sensor exceeds the fourth threshold, the range hood is controlled to start a high-speed ventilation mode, and after running continuously for a fifth time, the equipment automatically shuts down.

9. The method for controlling fume extraction equipment based on multimodal sensors according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust levels are arranged in ascending order of power and air volume as the first level, the second level range, the third level range, and the fourth level. Each level and level range corresponds to a unique power and exhaust air volume parameter. The higher the level value, the greater the power and air volume, and the higher the noise level.

10. A fume extraction device, characterized in that, The device includes a fume extraction system and a multimodal sensor disposed within the fume extraction system, wherein the fume extraction system and the multimodal sensor are operated by the control method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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