Metal piece tensile mechanical property testing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal piece tensile mechanical property testing device, and relates to the technical field of tensile force testing devices. The device comprises a machine shell, two pull rods are symmetrically installed on the machine shell, the device further comprises an installation shell, a driving sleeve is rotationally installed on the installation shell, threads are formed in the ends of the pull rods, the driving sleeve is in threaded fit with the pull rods, and an opening used for containing a metal test piece is formed in the installation shell. The pulling rods are installed on the machine shell, the moving directions of the two pulling rods are always opposite, the metal test piece is installed through the installation shell, when metal is hard, the first clamping piece is located at the opening through cooperation of the switching piece, the metal test piece is clamped, and when the metal is soft, the first clamping piece is located at the opening through cooperation of the switching piece, and the metal test piece is clamped. And the second clamping piece is located at the opening to clamp the metal test piece, so that a user can conveniently and flexibly select clamps, and experimental errors caused by the clamps are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of tensile force testing devices, specifically to a device for testing the tensile mechanical properties of metal parts. Background Technology

[0002] Mechanical tensile testing refers to the test method for determining the properties of materials under axial tensile load. Data obtained from tensile tests can determine the material's elastic limit, elongation, and other tensile performance indicators, thereby determining whether a product is qualified. When testing metal parts, samples are extracted from the same batch of metal parts and made into test specimens, which are then tested using a tensile testing machine.

[0003] Existing tensile testing machines use clamps to rigidly hold specimens during use. However, when testing softer metals, the connection between the specimen and the clamp is prone to deformation and slippage, resulting in poor clamping and affecting the testing results. On the other hand, flexible clamping can cause harder metals to directly contact the clamp, resulting in significant deformation of the clamp and loosening, which also affects the testing efficiency. Therefore, this application provides a tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts to improve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a device for testing the tensile mechanical properties of metal parts in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application specifically adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A device for testing the tensile mechanical properties of metal parts includes a housing on which two pull rods are symmetrically mounted, and further includes:

[0007] The mounting housing has a drive sleeve rotatably mounted on it. The end of the pull rod is threaded, and the drive sleeve is threadedly engaged with the pull rod. The mounting housing has an opening for accommodating the metal specimen.

[0008] The first clamping member is mounted on the mounting shell. The first clamping member has a receiving cavity for accommodating the metal specimen. The first clamping member has a contact side and a clamping side. When the pulling rod pulls the two mounting shells away from each other, the inner wall of the opening abuts against the contact side, so that the clamping side abuts against the metal specimen.

[0009] The second clamping member is installed on the mounting shell and also has a receiving cavity. The second clamping member has a driving end and an expansion end. The driving end is connected to the mounting shell and the expansion end is connected to the driving end. When the mounting shells move away from each other, the expansion end clamps the metal specimen through elastic deformation.

[0010] A switching element is installed on the mounting housing. The first clamping element and the second clamping element are installed on the mounting housing via the switching element. The switching element is used to align the first clamping element or the second clamping element with the opening.

[0011] Furthermore, the first clamping member includes:

[0012] There are two hoop plates, symmetrically installed on the switching component. Each hoop plate is equipped with an elastic plate. The distance between the two elastic plates gradually increases from one end closer to the hoop plate to the other side. The hoop plate is movably connected to the mounting shell.

[0013] The bumps are installed on the inner wall of the opening, and the maximum distance between the bumps is less than the maximum distance between the two elastic plates.

[0014] Furthermore, the second clamping element includes:

[0015] There are two skeleton plates, which are installed on the switching component, and the receiving cavity is located between the two skeleton plates;

[0016] A rubber sleeve is fitted onto the end of the skeleton plate near the opening. A sandwich layer is formed in the wall of the rubber sleeve. A connecting pipe communicating with the sandwich layer is installed on the rubber sleeve. A piston cylinder is installed inside the housing and communicates with the connecting pipe. A piston plate is slidably installed inside the piston cylinder, and a connecting plate connected to the mounting shell is installed on the piston plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the switching element includes:

[0018] The upper half rod is mounted on the elastic plate, and a through groove is provided on the mounting shell, with the upper half rod movably engaging with the through groove.

[0019] The lower half of the rod is movably installed in the through slot. The lower half of the rod is connected to the skeleton plate. When the upper half of the rod and the lower half of the rod are in contact, they form a complete cylinder.

[0020] An extension plate is installed at the end of the upper half rod and the end of the lower half rod. When the upper half rod and the lower half rod are connected, the minimum distance between the extension plates is greater than the diameter of the cylinder formed by the upper half rod and the lower half rod. A stabilizing element is installed between the extension plate and the mounting shell. The stabilizing element is used to restrict or release the rotation of the upper half rod and the lower half rod.

[0021] Furthermore, the stabilizer includes:

[0022] A sliding plate is slidably mounted on a mounting shell, and a connecting spring is installed between the mounting shell and the sliding plate. An inner core plate is installed on the sliding plate.

[0023] A limiting plate is slidably mounted on the inner core plate. The sliding direction of the limiting plate is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding plate. A plug rod is installed on the limiting plate, and a slot for accommodating the plug rod is provided on the extension plate.

[0024] Furthermore, the mounting shell has a receiving groove at the opening, and an anti-collision spring is installed in the receiving groove. The anti-collision spring is connected to the protrusion, and the elastic coefficient of the anti-collision spring is greater than the elastic coefficient of the elastic plate.

[0025] Furthermore, a rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the housing, a drive gear is slidably mounted on the rotating rod, a transmission gear that meshes with the drive gear is mounted on the drive sleeve, and ring plates are mounted on both sides of the transmission gear, with the ring plates contacting both sides of the drive gear.

[0026] Furthermore, a sliding block is mounted on the drive gear, and a side groove for accommodating the sliding block is provided on the rotating rod.

[0027] Furthermore, the limiting plate and the inner core plate are provided with through holes, and the extension plate located on the upper half rod is equipped with a limiting rod for insertion into the through holes.

[0028] Furthermore, a locking block is installed on the upper half of the rod, and a locking groove for sliding engagement of the locking block is provided on the lower half of the rod.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application has a pull rod installed on the housing, and the movement directions of the two pull rods are always opposite. The metal specimen is installed through the housing. When the metal is hard, the first clamping member is positioned at the opening through the cooperation of the switching member to clamp the metal specimen. When the metal is soft, the second clamping member is positioned at the opening through the cooperation of the switching member to clamp the metal specimen. This allows the user to select the clamp more flexibly and reduces the experimental error caused by the clamp. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure mounted on the shell in this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of part of the structure of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This application Figure 2 Exploded view of the middle structure;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first clamping member and the second clamping member of this application;

[0035] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the structure of the first clamping member and the second clamping member of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 This application Figure 2 Three-dimensional sectional view of the structure;

[0037] Figure 8 This application Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 9 This application Figure 7 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0039] Reference numerals: 1. Housing; 2. Pull rod; 3. Mounting shell; 301. Opening; 4. Drive sleeve; 5. First clamping element; 501. Hoop plate; 502. Elastic plate; 503. Protrusion; 6. Receiving cavity; 7. Second clamping element; 701. Skeleton plate; 702. Rubber sleeve; 703. Interlayer; 704. Connecting pipe; 705. Piston cylinder; 706. Connecting plate; 707. Piston plate; 8. Switching element; 801. Upper rod; 802. Through groove 803, Lower half rod; 804, Extension plate; 9, Stabilizer; 901, Sliding plate; 902, Connecting spring; 903, Inner core plate; 904, Limiting plate; 905, Slot; 906, Through hole; 907, Limiting rod; 908, Insert rod; 10, Receiving groove; 11, Abutting spring; 12, Rotating rod; 13, Drive gear; 14, Ring plate; 15, Sliding block; 16, Side groove; 17, Locking block; 18, Locking slot; 19, Transmission gear. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts proposed in Embodiment 1 of this application includes a housing 1 on which two pull rods 2 are symmetrically mounted. The pull rods 2 and the housing 1 are existing tensile force testing machines. The pull rods 2 are used as a tensile force source. The movement paths of the two pull rods 2 during movement are either close to each other or far apart. The device also includes:

[0043] Mounting shell 3, on which a drive sleeve 4 is rotatably mounted. The end of the pull rod 2 is threaded, and the drive sleeve 4 is threadedly engaged with the pull rod 2. Mounting shell 3 has an opening 301 for accommodating metal specimens. Mounting shell 3 is used to accommodate metal specimens. The drive sleeve 4 is equipped with multiple handles for easy rotation. In use, rotating the drive sleeve 4, through the threaded engagement, causes the drive sleeve 4 to change the position of mounting shell 3 on the pull rod 2, thereby facilitating the mounting shell 3 to accommodate metal specimens of different lengths and increasing the practicality of the device.

[0044] The first clamping member 5 is mounted on the mounting shell 3. The first clamping member 5 has a receiving cavity 6 for accommodating the metal specimen. The first clamping member 5 has a contact side and a clamping side. When the pulling rod 2 pulls the two mounting shells 3 away from each other, the inner wall of the opening 301 abuts against the contact side, so that the clamping side abuts against the metal specimen. The first clamping member 5 is suitable for harder metals. In use, the distance between the two mounting shells 3 is first adjusted. After the metal specimen is inserted into the receiving cavity 6, the two mounting shells 3 are pulled away from each other by the pulling rod 2. In use, the mounting shells 3 and the first clamping member 5 move relative to each other, so that the inner wall of the opening 301 abuts against the contact side, so that the clamping side abuts against the metal specimen. Further fixation is completed while pulling, which increases the practicality of the device.

[0045] The second clamping member 7 is installed on the mounting shell 3. The second clamping member 7 also has a receiving cavity 6. The second clamping member 7 has a driving end and an expansion end. The driving end is connected to the mounting shell 3, and the expansion end is connected to the driving end. When the mounting shells 3 move away from each other, the expansion end clamps the metal specimen through elastic deformation. The second clamping member 7 is suitable for softer metals. In use, after the distance between the mounting shells 3 is adjusted, the metal specimen is placed in the receiving cavity 6. At this time, the mounting shells 3 are pulled away by the pulling rod 2. Through the cooperation of the driving end, the expansion end undergoes elastic deformation, thereby clamping the metal specimen.

[0046] A switching element 8 is installed on the mounting shell 3. The first clamping element 5 and the second clamping element 7 are installed on the mounting shell 3 through the switching element 8. The switching element 8 is used to align the first clamping element 5 or the second clamping element 7 with the opening 301. In use, the first clamping element 5 and the second clamping element 7 are connected through the switching element 8. In use, the first clamping element 5 or the second clamping element 7 is adjusted to align with the opening 301 through the cooperation of the switching element 8. When the first clamping element 5 is aligned with the opening 301, the first clamping element 5 is used for clamping. When the second clamping element 7 is aligned with the opening 301, the second clamping element 7 is used for clamping.

[0047] The metal specimens are prefabricated. Samples of the metal parts to be tested are taken and then cut to form the specimen. The specimens are bulging at both ends, with the diameter of the middle section smaller than that of the ends. The middle section is used for testing, and its shape is as follows: Figure 1 or Figure 3 As shown

[0048] Compared with the existing technology, a pull rod 2 is installed on the housing 1. The two pull rods 2 always move in opposite directions. The metal specimen is installed through the mounting shell 3. When the metal is hard, the first clamping member 5 is positioned at the opening 301 through the cooperation of the switching member 8 to clamp the metal specimen. When the metal is soft, the second clamping member 7 is positioned at the opening 301 through the cooperation of the switching member 8 to clamp the metal specimen. This allows the user to select the clamp more flexibly and reduces the experimental error caused by the clamp.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] like Figures 1-9 As shown, Embodiment 2 discloses the first clamping member 5, the second clamping member 7, and the switching member 8 based on Embodiment 1. In Embodiment 2, the first clamping member 5 includes:

[0051] Two clamping plates 501 are symmetrically installed on the switching component 8. The space between the two clamping plates 501 is a receiving cavity 6. An elastic plate 502 is installed on the clamping plate 501. The distance between the two elastic plates 502 gradually increases from one end closer to the clamping plate 501 to the other side. The clamping plate 501 is movably connected to the mounting shell 3. The shape of the elastic plate 502 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the hoop plate 501 is connected to the switching component 8 via the elastic plate 502;

[0052] The protrusion 503 is installed on the inner wall of the opening 301. The maximum distance between the protrusions 503 is less than the maximum distance between the two elastic plates 502. When the protrusions 503 and the elastic plates 502 slide relative to each other, they will gradually move from the end with the smaller distance between the elastic plates 502 to the other end, and then gradually press the elastic plates 502, so that the elastic plates 502 move closer to each other, thus completing the clamping of the metal specimen. The contact side is the side of the hoop plate 501 and the elastic plate 502 facing the protrusion 503, and the clamping side is the side of the hoop plate 501 and the elastic plate 502 used to clamp the metal specimen.

[0053] The switching component 8 allows the hoop plate 501 and the elastic plate 502 to be movably mounted on the mounting shell 3. In use, the metal specimen is first placed between the hoop plates 501, which defines the initial position of the two mounting shells 3. When the pulling rod 2 pulls the mounting shell 3, the mounting shell 3 first slides with the hoop plate 501 and the elastic plate 502, causing the protrusion 503 to slide relative to the elastic plate 502 and abut against it. This causes the hoop plate 501 and the elastic plate 502 to clamp the metal specimen, increasing the connection strength between the metal specimen and the mounting shell 3.

[0054] In Embodiment 2, the second clamping member 7 includes:

[0055] There are two skeleton plates 701, which are installed on the switching member 8. The receiving cavity 6 is located between the two skeleton plates 701. The shape of the skeleton plates 701 is consistent with that of the hoop plate 501 and the elastic plate 502. Figure 5 As shown;

[0056] A rubber sleeve 702 is fitted onto one end of the skeleton plate 701 near the opening 301. A sandwich 703 is formed on the wall of the rubber sleeve 702. A connecting pipe 704 communicating with the sandwich 703 is installed on the rubber sleeve 702. A piston cylinder 705 is installed inside the housing 1. The piston cylinder 705 is connected to the connecting pipe 704. A piston plate 707 is slidably installed inside the piston cylinder 705. A connecting plate 706 connected to the mounting shell 3 is installed on the piston plate 707. The connecting pipe 704 is a flexible hose. The driving end is a piston structure formed by the piston plate 707, the connecting plate 706 and the piston cylinder 705, and the expansion end is the rubber sleeve 702.

[0057] In use, when the mounting shells 3 move away from each other, the connecting plate 706 and the piston plate 707 slide within the piston cylinder 705, causing the piston plate 707 to pressurize the air within the piston cylinder 705. This air then enters the interlayer 703 through the connecting pipe 704, causing the rubber sleeve 702 to expand. This expands the rubber sleeve 702, which in turn presses against the metal specimen located between the skeleton plates 701, thus fixing it in place. The flexible clamping of the rubber sleeve 702 and the gas within the interlayer 703 reduces the possibility of slippage when clamping softer metals. Since the second clamping member 7 is suitable for softer metals, the pulling force of the pulling rod 2 is pre-set during use, so that the applied pulling force is not too large. The rubber sleeve 702 is used to increase the friction between the rubber sleeve and the metal specimen. By ensuring these two conditions, the possibility of the metal specimen slipping off when stretched is reduced, increasing the feasibility of the device.

[0058] In Embodiment 2, the switching component 8 includes:

[0059] The upper rod 801 is mounted on the elastic plate 502. The mounting shell 3 has a through groove 802. The upper rod 801 is movably fitted with the through groove 802, and the upper rod 801 can slide and rotate in the through groove 802.

[0060] by Figure 1 From the main perspective, when the movement of the mounting shell 3 causes the protrusion 503 to move relative to the elastic plate 502, the upper rod 801 slides vertically within the through groove 802.

[0061] When the protrusions 503 press the elastic plates 502 closer together, the upper rod 801 slides horizontally in the through groove 802.

[0062] The lower half rod 803 is movably installed in the through groove 802. The lower half rod 803 is connected to the skeleton plate 701. When the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803 are in contact, they form a complete cylinder. The lower half rod 803 can also slide and rotate in the through groove 802. It is in sliding cooperation with the upper half rod 801. The upper half rod 801 can only slide horizontally on the lower half rod 803. That is, when the elastic plates 502 are close to each other, the upper half rod 801 slides horizontally on the lower half rod 803. When the mounting shell 3 moves, the two slide vertically at the same time.

[0063] In use, when it is necessary to switch between the first clamping member 5 and the second clamping member 7, the cylinder formed by the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803 can be rotated to align the first clamping member 5 or the second clamping member 7 with the opening 301, which is quite convenient in use.

[0064] An extension plate 804 is installed at the end of the upper half rod 801 and the end of the lower half rod 803. When the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803 are connected, the minimum distance between the extension plates 804 is greater than the diameter of the cylinder formed by the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803. The minimum width of the extension plate 804 is greater than the diameter of the through groove 802. In use, the extension plate 804 restricts the upper half rod 801 so that it will not slide off the mounting shell 3 when sliding in the horizontal direction, which increases the practicality of the device.

[0065] A stabilizing element 9 is installed between the extension plate 804 and the mounting shell 3. The stabilizing element 9 is used to restrict or release the rotation of the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803. After the first clamping element 5 or the second clamping element 7 is adjusted, the rotation of the two is restricted by the cooperation of the stabilizing element 9, which increases the stability of the first clamping element 5 or the second clamping element 7 during use.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] like Figures 1-9 As shown, Embodiment 3 further discloses this application based on Embodiment 2. In Embodiment 3, the stabilizer 9 includes:

[0068] A sliding plate 901 is slidably mounted on the mounting housing 3. A connecting spring 902 is installed between the mounting housing 3 and the sliding plate 901. An inner core plate 903 is mounted on the sliding plate 901. Figure 1 From the main viewpoint, the sliding plate 901 is slidably mounted on the mounting shell 3 in the horizontal direction, and the inner core plate 903 is mounted on the upper surface of the sliding plate 901.

[0069] A limiting plate 904 is slidably mounted on an inner core plate 903. The limiting plate 904 is slidably mounted on a sliding plate 901 in a vertical direction through the inner core plate 903, so that the sliding direction of the limiting plate 904 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding plate 901.

[0070] A rod 908 is mounted on a limiting plate 904, and a slot 905 for accommodating the rod 908 is provided on an extension plate 804. The limiting plate 904 is located on the side of the lower half rod 803 away from the upper half rod 801, so that the rod 908 is not coaxial with the cylinder formed by the two. When the rod 908 is inserted into the slot 905, the cylinder formed by the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803 cannot rotate due to the obstruction of the inner wall of the slot 905 by the rod 908. Furthermore, since the limiting plate 904 is slidably connected to the sliding plate 901, the cylinder formed by the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803 can slide in the through groove 802.

[0071] In the initial state, on the lower mounting shell 3, the lower half rod 803 is located below the upper half rod 801, and the sliding plate 901 is located below the lower half rod 803. The positions of the upper half rod 801, the lower half rod 803, and the sliding plate 901 on the other mounting shell 3 are symmetrically arranged.

[0072] When adjustment is required, first squeeze the sliding plate 901 to make it slide horizontally, which in turn causes the limiting plate 904 to separate the insertion rod 908 from the slot 905. At this time, the rotatable frame plate 701 or hoop plate 501 can be rotated to align the second clamping member 7 or the first clamping member 5 with the opening 301. Then, release the sliding plate 901 so that the connecting spring 902 pushes the sliding plate 901 to reset, allowing the insertion rod 908 to be inserted into the slot 905, thus completing the restriction. In use, the rotation of the cylinder formed by the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803 is restricted, which increases the practicality of the device.

[0073] In embodiment three, the mounting shell 3 has a receiving groove 10 at the opening 301, and an anti-collision spring 11 is installed in the receiving groove 10. The anti-collision spring 11 is connected to the protrusion 503. The elastic coefficient of the anti-collision spring 11 is greater than that of the elastic plate 502. Therefore, when the elastic plate 502 undergoes elastic deformation, the anti-collision spring 11 will not deform. The anti-collision spring 11 forces the protrusion 503 to approach the elastic plate 502, so that the two remain in contact. In use, when the protrusion 503 is worn, the anti-collision spring 11 pushes the protrusion 503 to still contact the elastic plate 502, reducing the possibility that the anti-collision effect of the protrusion 503 on the elastic plate 502 will decrease when the mounting shell 3 is pulled, and increasing the practicality of the device.

[0074] In embodiment three, a rotating rod 12 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1, and a drive gear 13 is slidably mounted on the rotating rod 12. The drive gear 13 is slidably mounted on the rotating rod 12 in the vertical direction. A transmission gear 19 that meshes with the drive gear 13 is mounted on the drive sleeve 4. A ring plate 14 is mounted on both sides of the transmission gear 19. The ring plate 14 contacts both sides of the drive gear 13 and is used to clamp both sides of the drive gear 13 so that it always maintains meshing with the transmission gear 19.

[0075] When in use, rotating the rotating rod 12 drives the drive gear 13 to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission gear 19 to rotate, thereby causing the drive sleeve 4 to rotate on the pull rod 2, so that the distance between the two mounting shells 3 can be adjusted at the same time, making it more convenient to adjust the mounting shells 3.

[0076] Furthermore, since the position of the drive sleeve 4 changes in the vertical direction while rotating, the limiting effect of the ring plate 14 ensures that the drive gear 13 always meshes with the transmission gear 19, thus improving the feasibility of the device.

[0077] In embodiment three, a sliding block 15 is installed on the drive gear 13, and a side groove 16 for accommodating the sliding block 15 is provided on the rotating rod 12. The side wall of the sliding block 15 is restricted by the inner wall of the side groove 16, so that the drive gear 13 can only slide along a straight line on the rotating rod 12, which increases the stability of the drive gear 13 when sliding.

[0078] In embodiment three, the limiting plate 904 and the inner core plate 903 are provided with through holes 906. The extension plate 804 located on the upper half rod 801 is equipped with a limiting rod 907 for insertion into the through hole 906. In use, when the second clamping member 7 rotates to the opening 301, the upper half rod 801 rotates to align with the limiting plate 904. When the sliding plate 901 is pushed back to its original position by the connecting spring 902, not only is the insertion rod 908 inserted into the slot 905, but the limiting rod 907 is also inserted into the through hole 906. The inner wall of the perforation 906 restricts the side plate of the limiting rod 907, thereby restricting the sliding of the limiting plate 904 on the inner core plate 903, and further restricting the sliding of the cylinder formed by the upper half rod 801 and the lower half rod 803 in the through groove 802. Since the second clamping member 7 does not need to move relative to the mounting shell 3 during use, the sliding between it and the mounting shell 3 is restricted, so that when the pulling rod 2 pulls the mounting shell 3, the metal specimen can be stretched directly, saving stretching time and improving the working efficiency of the device.

[0079] In embodiment three, a locking block 17 is installed on the upper half rod 801, and a locking groove 18 for sliding engagement of the locking block 17 is provided on the lower half rod 803. The upper half rod 801 is connected to the lower half rod 803 through the locking block 17. The inner wall of the locking groove 18 restricts the side plate of the locking block 17, so that the upper half rod 801 can drive the lower half rod 803 to rotate when it rotates, and the stability of the upper half rod 801 during sliding is increased.

[0080] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for testing the tensile mechanical properties of metal parts, comprising a housing (1) on which two pull rods (2) are symmetrically mounted, characterized in that, Also includes: Mounting shell (3), on which a drive sleeve (4) is rotatably mounted; the end of the pull rod (2) is threaded; the drive sleeve (4) is threadedly engaged with the pull rod (2); the mounting shell (3) is provided with an opening (301) for accommodating the metal specimen. The first clamping member (5) is mounted on the mounting shell (3). The first clamping member (5) has a receiving cavity (6) for accommodating the metal specimen. The first clamping member (5) has a contact side and a clamping side. When the pulling rod (2) pulls the two mounting shells (3) away from each other, the inner wall of the opening (301) abuts against the contact side, so that the clamping side abuts against the metal specimen. The second clamping member (7) is installed on the mounting shell (3). The second clamping member (7) also has a receiving cavity (6). The second clamping member (7) has a driving end and an expansion end. The driving end is connected to the mounting shell (3), and the expansion end is connected to the driving end. When the mounting shell (3) moves away from each other, the expansion end clamps the metal specimen through elastic deformation. A switching element (8) is installed on the mounting housing (3). The first clamping element (5) and the second clamping element (7) are installed on the mounting housing (3) via the switching element (8). The switching element (8) is used to align the first clamping element (5) or the second clamping element (7) with the opening (301).

2. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first clamping member (5) includes: There are two hoop plates (501) symmetrically installed on the switching component (8). An elastic plate (502) is installed on the hoop plate (501). The distance between the two elastic plates (502) gradually increases from one end closer to the hoop plate (501) to the other side. The hoop plate (501) is movably connected to the mounting shell (3). A protrusion (503) is installed on the inner wall of the opening (301), and the maximum distance between the protrusions (503) is less than the maximum distance between the two elastic plates (502).

3. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second clamping member (7) includes: There are two skeleton plates (701) installed on the switching member (8), and the receiving cavity (6) is located between the two skeleton plates (701); A rubber sleeve (702) is fitted onto one end of the skeleton plate (701) near the opening (301). A sandwich layer (703) is provided on the wall of the rubber sleeve (702). A connecting pipe (704) communicating with the sandwich layer (703) is installed on the rubber sleeve (702). A piston cylinder (705) is installed inside the housing (1). The piston cylinder (705) is communicating with the connecting pipe (704). A piston plate (707) is slidably installed inside the piston cylinder (705). A connecting plate (706) connected to the mounting shell (3) is installed on the piston plate (707).

4. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The switching element (8) includes: The upper half rod (801) is mounted on the elastic plate (502), and the mounting shell (3) is provided with a through groove (802), and the upper half rod (801) is movably engaged with the through groove (802); The lower half rod (803) is movably installed in the through slot (802). The lower half rod (803) is connected to the skeleton plate (701). When the upper half rod (801) and the lower half rod (803) are in contact, a complete cylinder is formed. An extension plate (804) is installed at the end of the upper half rod (801) and the end of the lower half rod (803). When the upper half rod (801) and the lower half rod (803) are connected, the minimum distance between the extension plates (804) is greater than the diameter of the cylinder formed by the upper half rod (801) and the lower half rod (803). A stabilizing member (9) is installed between the extension plate (804) and the mounting shell (3). The stabilizing member (9) is used to restrict or release the rotation of the upper half rod (801) and the lower half rod (803).

5. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stabilizer (9) includes: A sliding plate (901) is slidably mounted on a mounting shell (3), and a connecting spring (902) is installed between the mounting shell (3) and the sliding plate (901). An inner core plate (903) is installed on the sliding plate (901). A limiting plate (904) is slidably mounted on an inner core plate (903). The sliding direction of the limiting plate (904) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding plate (901). A plug rod (908) is mounted on the limiting plate (904). A slot (905) for accommodating the plug rod (908) is provided on the expansion plate (804).

6. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting shell (3) has a receiving groove (10) at the opening (301), and an abutment spring (11) is installed in the receiving groove (10). The abutment spring (11) is connected to the protrusion (503), and the elastic coefficient of the abutment spring (11) is greater than the elastic coefficient of the elastic plate (502).

7. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, A rotating rod (12) is rotatably mounted on the housing (1), and a drive gear (13) is slidably mounted on the rotating rod (12). A transmission gear (19) that meshes with the drive gear (13) is mounted on the drive sleeve (4). Ring plates (14) are mounted on both sides of the transmission gear (19), and the ring plates (14) are in contact with both sides of the drive gear (13).

8. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, A sliding block (15) is mounted on the drive gear (13), and a side groove (16) for accommodating the sliding block (15) is provided on the rotating rod (12).

9. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting plate (904) and the inner core plate (903) are provided with through holes (906), and the extension plate (804) located on the upper half rod (801) is provided with a limiting rod (907) for insertion into the through hole (906).

10. The tensile mechanical property testing device for metal parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper half rod (801) is equipped with a locking block (17), and the lower half rod (803) is provided with a locking groove (18) for sliding engagement of the locking block (17).

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