Farmland soil nutrient measuring and regulating device

Abstract

The invention discloses a farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device, and relates to the field of soil nutrient detection.The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device comprises a box body, a box cover is installed at the top end of the box body through a hinge, a soil nutrient detector is arranged in the box body, a detection position is arranged at the top end of the soil nutrient detector, and a cuvette is arranged in the detection position; optical glass sheets are embedded in the two sides of the cuvette, and blocking sheets are arranged on the two sides of the cuvette and can shield the optical glass sheets. The blocking pieces are installed on the two sides of the cuvette, the optical glass sheet is shielded by the blocking pieces during operation, the blocking pieces are prevented from being touched during operation, meanwhile, when the cuvette is inserted into the detection position for detection, the blocking pieces can be unfolded through rolling of the rolling wheels, shielding of the optical glass sheet is automatically relieved, and therefore detection is not affected; therefore, the optical glass does not need to be intentionally avoided during operation, so that the operation is more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil nutrient testing, specifically to a device for measuring and regulating soil nutrients in farmland. Background Technology

[0002] The nutrients that soil can provide for crops include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, boron, and molybdenum. In order to improve planting efficiency and ensure the normal growth of crops, it is necessary to test the soil nutrients and adjust the content of various nutrients in the soil according to the test results.

[0003] In the existing technology, the determination of soil nutrients requires the use of a professional soil nutrient analyzer. The nutrients in the soil are separated and extracted using an extractant. The extracted liquid is then placed in a cuvette and optically analyzed by the instrument to obtain the test results. For example, a soil fertilizer nutrient analyzer with publication number CN207764212U.

[0004] However, it is difficult to accurately control the mixing time when mixing soil samples with extraction agents. If the time is too short, nutrients cannot be fully extracted, and if the time is too long, the detection efficiency will be low.

[0005] In addition, the cuvettes used in the testing process are generally composed of a combination of frosted glass and optical glass. For example, in a cuvette with publication number CN210401193U, in order to ensure the accuracy of the test, the hand needs to deliberately avoid the optical glass part of the cuvette during the operation, thus increasing the difficulty of the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a device for measuring and regulating soil nutrients in farmland. By installing baffles on both sides of the cuvette, the baffles can be used to shield the optical glass plate during operation. This eliminates the need to deliberately avoid the optical glass plate during operation, making the operation more convenient and effectively solving the problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a farmland soil nutrient determination and control device, comprising a box body, a box cover installed on the top of the box body by a hinge, a soil nutrient detector provided inside the box body, a detection position provided on the top of the soil nutrient detector, and a cuvette provided inside the detection position;

[0008] Optical glass plates are embedded on both sides of the cuvette, and baffles are provided on both sides of the cuvette. The baffles can block the optical glass plates. The top of the baffle is hinged to the cuvette, and a groove is provided at the bottom of the baffle. A central shaft is fixed on the inner wall of the groove, and a roller is sleeved on the outer end of the central shaft.

[0009] The soil nutrient analyzer is equipped with a sealed cylinder at the top, and a partition is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sealed cylinder. The sealed cylinder and the cuvette contain extraction liquid. The top of the cuvette is detachably connected to the partition. An extraction component is installed inside the box cover. The extraction component is connected to the sealed cylinder, and the extraction liquid can circulate between the extraction component and the sealed cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, elastic strips are installed on both the front and rear sides of the baffle, one end of which is fixedly connected to the cuvette, and the elasticity of the elastic strip can pull the baffle back to its original position.

[0011] The cuvette is fixedly provided with a mounting bracket at the bottom, and a micro motor is installed at the top of the mounting bracket. A drive shaft is installed inside the bottom of the cuvette through a sealed bearing. Two blades capable of driving liquid flow are fixedly provided at the outer end of the drive shaft. The bottom end of the drive shaft extends to the bottom of the cuvette and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the micro motor.

[0012] Furthermore, a detachable cover plate is installed at the top of the sealed cylinder, and a reflux pipe and a liquid extraction pipe are fixedly provided at the top of the cover plate. The bottom end of the liquid extraction pipe extends into the interior of the sealed cylinder, and a micro liquid extraction pump is fixedly provided on the liquid extraction pipe to extract the extract.

[0013] Furthermore, the extraction assembly includes a mixing chamber located inside the chamber lid and hinged to the inner wall of the chamber lid. A drain hose is fixedly provided at the bottom of the mixing chamber, and a detachable top plate is installed at the top of the mixing chamber. A top pipe is fixedly provided at the top of the top plate, and an inlet hose is fixedly provided on the top pipe. The drain hose and the inlet hose are respectively connected to the reflux pipe and the extraction pipe through quick connectors, so as to draw in or discharge the extract.

[0014] The mixing chamber is equipped with a hollow diversion plate, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate. The top pipe penetrates the top plate and is connected to the interior of the hollow diversion plate. Multiple liquid outlet holes are opened at the bottom of the hollow diversion plate to separate the extract, fully contact it with the soil, and use the water flow impact to achieve a stirring effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the mixing chamber is equipped with a filter cloth, and the soil sample is placed on top of the filter cloth. The filter cloth is located at the bottom of the hollow diverter plate, and the filter cloth can separate water and soil.

[0016] The filter cloth is fixedly provided with a frame at its outer end, and a sealing strip is fixedly provided at the outer end of the frame. The outer end of the sealing strip is in contact with the inner wall of the mixing box, and a plurality of pads are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the frame, which are in contact with the bottom of the mixing box.

[0017] Furthermore, the box is equipped with a storage box located on one side of the soil nutrient analyzer, and the sealed cylinder is placed inside the storage box when not in use;

[0018] An adjusting ring is fitted onto the outer end of the closed cylinder via a bearing. Connecting plates are fixed on both sides of the adjusting ring. Connecting seats are fixed to the top of the soil nutrient analyzer on both sides of the closed cylinder. In use, the two connecting plates are located at the top of the two connecting seats and connected to the connecting seats by bolts, thereby fixing the closed cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, the box lid is equipped with multiple control components. Each control component includes a glass storage cylinder with graduations. An arc-shaped pressure plate is bolted to the inside of the box lid. The storage cylinder is sandwiched between the arc-shaped pressure plate and the inner wall of the box lid. The storage cylinder contains nutrient solution. The nutrient solution in each storage cylinder contains different nutrients, namely nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other components.

[0020] The storage cylinder is fixedly equipped with a discharge pipe with a valve at the bottom end, and a detachable cylinder cover is installed at the top end of the storage cylinder. A squeeze plug is provided inside the storage cylinder, and a sealing gasket is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the squeeze plug to play a sealing role. The outer ends of the squeeze plug and the sealing gasket are in contact with the inner wall of the storage cylinder. A spring is fixedly provided at the top end of the squeeze plug and is fixedly connected to the cylinder cover.

[0021] Furthermore, a battery and multiple drying components are installed on the top of the box cover. The drying components include a metal tube with a strap at the outer end. Both ends of the strap are fixedly connected to the box cover. The strap has multiple heating wires inside for heating the metal tube, thereby removing excess moisture from the soil through heating.

[0022] Furthermore, the open end of the metal pipe is fitted with a pipe cap by a thread, and a rubber baffle is embedded in the pipe cap. The rubber baffle has an external groove, which will only open when subjected to external force to allow water in the soil to drain out.

[0023] This invention also includes a method for using the farmland soil nutrient testing and regulation device, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0024] Step 1: Soil samples are taken from the farmland to be tested. The soil samples are placed inside a metal tube and sealed with a cap and rubber baffle. The metal tube is then secured to the top of the box lid with straps. Under normal conditions, the external trough is closed. When the soil sample inside the metal tube needs to be dried, the heating wire is energized to heat the metal tube and the soil sample inside. After heating, the moisture in the soil evaporates, and the air pressure inside the metal tube increases. Under the action of air pressure, the external trough opens, and the evaporated moisture flows out through the external trough, thus achieving the drying process of the soil sample.

[0025] Step 2: Take the cuvette and sealing cylinder out of the storage box and assemble them. Then, insert the cuvette into the detection position at the top of the soil nutrient analyzer. Before insertion, the baffle is on the outside of the optical glass plate, so it is difficult for the hand to touch the optical glass plate during operation. When inserting, the cuvette can enter the detection position, while the roller and baffle will be blocked and cannot enter the detection position. As the cuvette goes deeper into the detection position, the roller will roll on the outside of the detection position, and the baffle will unfold. The optical glass plate, which is no longer blocked, will enter the detection position along with the cuvette. When the sealing cylinder contacts the top of the soil nutrient analyzer, it means that the cuvette is inserted in place. At this time, rotate the adjustment ring to rotate the connecting piece to the connecting seat and connect it with the connecting seat through bolts, thus placing the cuvette into the detection position.

[0026] Step 3: Pour the extraction solution into the sealed cylinder. The extraction solution that enters the sealed cylinder will also enter the cuvette. Keep the liquid level of the extraction solution in the sealed cylinder and above the bottom of the extraction tube. Then rotate the extraction assembly to the top of the sealed cylinder. Connect the drain tube, return tube, top tube and extraction tube. Then weigh the dried soil sample according to the amount of extraction solution and place it on the top of the filter cloth.

[0027] Step 4: After placement, turn on the micro-pump. Under the action of the micro-pump, the extract in the sealed cylinder is drawn out and transported to the top tube. The extract in the top tube then enters the hollow distribution plate and flows out through the outlet hole, eventually reaching the mixing chamber. The extract inside the mixing chamber mixes with the soil sample, thereby transferring the nutrients in the soil sample to the extract. After a brief mixing, the extract and soil are separated by filtration through the filter cloth. The extract passes through the filter cloth and finally returns to the sealed cylinder through the drain hose and connecting piece. This cycle repeats. During the cycle, the nutrients in the extract inside the sealed cylinder and cuvette continuously increase, while the nutrients in the soil continuously decrease. During this process, the soil nutrient analyzer is used to continuously detect the nutrients. When the data of nutrients in the extract no longer changes significantly, it indicates that the nutrients in the soil have been fully extracted. The final data detected is the final data of nutrient determination.

[0028] Step 5: After testing, if nutrient deficiency is found, add the corresponding nutrient solution quantitatively to the sealed container based on the test data. When adding nutrient solution, locate the storage container containing the corresponding nutrient solution, open the valve on the discharge pipe at the bottom of the storage container, and the spring force will push the squeeze plug downwards, squeezing the nutrient solution inside the storage container and expelling it. Use a container to collect the expelled nutrient solution at the discharge pipe, and observe the position of the squeeze plug inside the storage container with the help of the scale to determine the amount of nutrient solution expelled. When the amount reaches the required level, close the valve on the discharge pipe, pour the nutrient solution in the container into the sealed container and mix it with the extract. Repeat this process to replenish the missing nutrients. After replenishment, test again until the test data is qualified. Finally, based on the amount of each nutrient replenished, a fertilization plan for the soil can be calculated, thereby regulating the soil nutrients in the farmland.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for measuring and regulating soil nutrients in farmland, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. By installing baffles on both sides of the cuvette, the baffles can be used to shield the optical glass plate during operation, preventing contact with the baffles. When the cuvette is inserted into the detection position, the baffles can be unfolded by the rolling of the rollers, thus automatically releasing the obstruction of the optical glass plate and not affecting the detection. In this way, there is no need to deliberately avoid the optical glass plate during operation, making the operation more convenient.

[0031] 2. By placing soil samples inside a mixing chamber and using a micro-pump to drive the extraction liquid to circulate between the extraction component and the sealed cylinder, the soil nutrient analyzer continuously monitors the sample. When the nutrient data in the extraction liquid no longer changes significantly, it indicates that the nutrients in the soil have been fully extracted. The final data obtained is the final nutrient determination data. This method ensures that the nutrients in the soil have been fully extracted as quickly as possible, thereby improving the efficiency of the test.

[0032] 3. After the test is completed, add the corresponding nutrient solution to the cuvette according to the test results, and test during the replenishment process until the data is qualified. Finally, based on the amount of various nutrients added, the fertilization plan for the soil can be calculated, thereby regulating the nutrients in the farmland soil. By testing and regulating at the same time in this way, the final regulation plan will be more accurate. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3This is a diagram showing the closed state of the housing of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a front view of the soil nutrient analyzer of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the cuvette of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of section D in the middle;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a front view of the cuvette of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the extraction component of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of section B;

[0043] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of section C;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the control component of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the drying component of the present invention.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Box body; 2. Box cover; 3. Drying assembly; 301. Metal pipe; 302. Pipe cover; 303. Rubber baffle; 304. External connection groove; 305. Strap; 306. Heating wire; 4. Battery; 5. Extraction assembly; 501. Mixing box; 502. Drain hose; 503. Hollow flow divider plate; 504. Top pipe; 505. Inlet hose; 506. Filter cloth; 507. Frame; 508. Sealing strip; 509. Pad; 510. Top plate; 511. Liquid outlet; 6. Control assembly; 601. Storage cylinder; 602. Discharge pipe; 603. Squeeze plug; 604. Spring; 605. Cylinder cover;

[0047] 7. Storage box; 8. Soil nutrient analyzer; 9. Enclosed cylinder; 10. Connecting seat; 11. Connecting piece; 12. Cover plate; 13. Return pipe; 14. Suction pipe; 15. Miniature suction pump; 16. Adjusting ring; 17. Detection position; 18. Partition; 19. Cuvette; 20. Optical glass plate; 21. Baffle; 22. Mounting bracket; 23. Miniature motor; 24. Drive shaft; 25. Blade; 26. Roller; 27. Elastic strip; 28. Groove; 29. ​​Central shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this invention readily understandable, the invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0049] like Figure 1-13 As shown, the present invention provides a farmland soil nutrient determination and control device, including a box 1, a box cover 2 installed on the top of the box 1 via a hinge, a soil nutrient analyzer 8 inside the box 1, the soil nutrient analyzer 8 can be either a soil fertilizer nutrient analyzer of model FK-HT200 or a soil nutrient rapid analyzer of model LD-GT1, the specific model and brand can be selected by the user, the top of the soil nutrient analyzer 8 is provided with a detection position 17, and a cuvette 19 is provided inside the detection position 17;

[0050] Optical glass plates 20 are embedded on both sides of the cuvette 19. Baffles 21 are provided on both sides of the cuvette 19. The baffles 21 can block the optical glass plates 20. The top of the baffles 21 is hinged to the cuvette 19. A groove 28 is provided at the bottom of the baffles 21. A central shaft 29 is fixed on the inner wall of the groove 28. A roller 26 is sleeved on the outer end of the central shaft 29.

[0051] During testing, the cuvette 19 is inserted into the detection position 17 at the top of the soil nutrient analyzer 8. Before insertion, the baffle 21 blocks the outside of the optical glass plate 20, making it difficult for the hand to touch the optical glass plate 20 during operation. When inserted, the cuvette 19 can enter the detection position 17, while the roller 26 and the baffle 21 are blocked and cannot enter the detection position 17. As the cuvette 19 continues to enter the detection position 17, the roller 26 will roll outside the detection position 17, and the baffle 21 will unfold. The optical glass plate 20, which is no longer blocked, will enter the detection position 17 along with the cuvette 19. In this way, the baffle 21 is used to block the optical glass plate 20 during operation, preventing contact with the baffle 21. At the same time, the baffle 21 can automatically release its obstruction of the optical glass plate 20 during testing, thus not affecting the testing. In this way, there is no need to deliberately avoid the optical glass plate 20 during operation, making the operation more convenient.

[0052] After the cuvette 19 is removed, the baffle 21 will automatically return to its original position. Figure 6 , 8 As shown, elastic strips 27 are installed on both the front and rear sides of the baffle 21. One end of the elastic strip 27 is fixedly connected to the cuvette 19. When the baffle 21 is unfolded, the elastic strip 27 is stretched. After the cuvette 19 is removed from the detection position 17, the elastic force of the elastic strip 27 can pull the baffle 21 back to its original position.

[0053] The cuvette 19 is fixedly provided with a mounting bracket 22 at the bottom end, and a micro motor 23 is installed at the top end of the mounting bracket 22. A drive shaft 24 is installed inside the bottom end of the cuvette 19 through a sealed bearing. Two blades 25 capable of driving liquid flow are fixedly provided at the outer end of the drive shaft 24. The bottom end of the drive shaft 24 extends to the bottom of the cuvette 19 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the micro motor 23.

[0054] The micro motor 23 drives the drive shaft 24 and the blade 25 to rotate, thereby driving the flow of the extract inside the closed cylinder 9 and the cuvette 19, thus achieving the purpose of mixing the extract and making the concentration of nutrients inside the extract uniform.

[0055] To improve detection efficiency, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 4, 6, and 9, the top of the soil nutrient analyzer 8 is equipped with a closed cylinder 9, and a partition 18 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the closed cylinder 9. The closed cylinder 9 and the cuvette 19 contain extraction liquid. The top of the cuvette 19 is detachably connected to the partition 18. An extraction component 5 is installed inside the box cover 2. The extraction component 5 is connected to the closed cylinder 9, and the extraction liquid can circulate between the extraction component 5 and the closed cylinder 9.

[0056] The top of the sealed cylinder 9 is equipped with a detachable cover plate 12. The top of the cover plate 12 is fixedly provided with a reflux pipe 13 and a liquid extraction pipe 14. The bottom end of the liquid extraction pipe 14 extends into the interior of the sealed cylinder 9. A micro liquid extraction pump 15 is fixedly provided on the liquid extraction pipe 14, and the extract is extracted by the micro liquid extraction pump 15.

[0057] The extraction solution is poured into the sealed cylinder 9, and the extraction solution entering the sealed cylinder 9 also enters the cuvette 19. The liquid level of the extraction solution is maintained in the sealed cylinder 9 and does not exceed the bottom of the extraction tube 14. Then, the extraction component 5 is rotated to the top of the sealed cylinder 9, connecting the extraction component 5 and the sealed cylinder 9. The dried soil sample is then weighed according to the amount of extraction solution and placed inside the extraction component 5. The extraction solution is driven to circulate using the micro extraction pump 15. The extraction solution in the sealed cylinder 9 enters the extraction component 5, mixes with the soil, and then returns to the sealed cylinder 9. This cycle is repeated. During the circulation, the nutrients in the extraction solution inside the sealed cylinder 9 and the cuvette 19 continuously increase, while the nutrients in the soil continuously decrease. During this process, the soil nutrient analyzer 8 continuously detects the nutrients. When the nutrient data in the extraction solution no longer changes significantly, it indicates that the nutrients in the soil have been fully extracted. The final data detected is the final data for nutrient determination. This method ensures that the nutrients in the soil have been fully extracted as quickly as possible, thereby improving the efficiency of the detection.

[0058] The soil nutrient analyzer 8 is actually an optical instrument. When nutrients in the soil, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, enter the extract, they react with the color-developing agent in the extract to produce corresponding colors. The depth of the color is positively correlated with the nutrient content and follows the Lambert-Beer law. The soil nutrient analyzer 8 is designed to detect the color of the extract optically and determine the content of various nutrients in the soil based on the depth of the detected color.

[0059] Soil and extract can be mixed and separated within extraction component 5, such as Figure 1 , 4 As shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11, the extraction assembly 5 includes a mixing chamber 501 located inside the cover 2 and hinged to the inner wall of the cover 2. A drain hose 502 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the mixing chamber 501, and a detachable top plate 510 is installed at the top of the mixing chamber 501. A top pipe 504 is fixedly provided at the top of the top plate 510, and an inlet hose 505 is fixedly provided on the top pipe 504. The drain hose 502 and the inlet hose 505 are respectively connected to the return pipe 13 and the extraction pipe 14 through quick connectors to draw in or discharge the extract.

[0060] The mixing box 501 is equipped with a hollow diversion plate 503, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate 510. The top pipe 504 penetrates the top plate 510 and is connected to the interior of the hollow diversion plate 503. The bottom of the hollow diversion plate 503 is provided with multiple liquid outlet holes 511 to separate the extract, ensure full contact with the soil, and use water flow impact to achieve a stirring effect.

[0061] The mixing box 501 is equipped with a filter cloth 506. The soil sample is placed on the top of the filter cloth 506. The filter cloth 506 is located at the bottom of the hollow diversion plate 503. The filter cloth 506 can separate water and soil.

[0062] The filter cloth 506 is fixedly provided with a frame 507 at its outer end, and a sealing strip 508 is fixedly provided at the outer end of the frame 507. The outer end of the sealing strip 508 is in contact with the inner wall of the mixing box 501. A plurality of pads 509 are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the frame 507, which are in contact with the bottom of the mixing box 501.

[0063] The dried soil sample is placed on top of the filter cloth 506. The drain hose 502 and the return pipe 13, as well as the top pipe 504 and the extraction pipe 14, are connected. Then, the micro extraction pump 15 is turned on. Under the action of the micro extraction pump 15, the extract in the closed cylinder 9 is extracted and transported to the top pipe 504. The extract in the top pipe 504 then enters the hollow distribution plate 503 and flows out through the outlet hole 511, and then reaches the mixing box 501. The extract inside the mixing box 501 mixes with the soil sample, thereby transferring the nutrients in the soil sample to the extract. After a short mixing, the extract and soil are separated by filtration through the filter cloth 506. The extract passes through the filter cloth 506 and finally returns to the closed cylinder 9 through the drain hose 502 and the connecting piece 11.

[0064] All equipment used for testing must be properly stored, such as Figure 1 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, the box 1 is equipped with a storage box 7 inside, the storage box 7 is located on one side of the soil nutrient analyzer 8, and the sealed cylinder 9 is placed inside the storage box 7 when not in use.

[0065] The outer end of the closed cylinder 9 is fitted with an adjusting ring 16 through a bearing. Both sides of the adjusting ring 16 are fixed with connecting pieces 11. Both sides of the closed cylinder 9 are provided with connecting seats 10 fixed to the top of the soil nutrient analyzer 8. In use, the two connecting pieces 11 are located at the top of the two connecting seats 10 respectively and are connected to the connecting seats 10 by bolts, thereby fixing the closed cylinder 9.

[0066] When inserting the cuvette 19, once the sealed cylinder 9 contacts the top of the soil nutrient analyzer 8, it indicates that the cuvette 19 has been inserted in place. At this time, rotate the adjusting ring 16 to rotate the connecting piece 11 to the connecting seat 10 and connect it to the connecting seat 10 with bolts, thereby placing the cuvette 19 into the detection position 17.

[0067] After testing, a soil remediation plan needs to be developed based on the test results, such as... Figure 1 , 12 As shown, the box cover 2 is provided with multiple control components 6 inside. Each control component 6 includes a storage cylinder 601 made of glass and with graduations. An arc-shaped pressure plate is installed inside the box cover 2 by bolts. The storage cylinder 601 is sandwiched between the arc-shaped pressure plate and the inner wall of the box cover 2. The storage cylinder 601 is filled with nutrient solution. The nutrient solution in each storage cylinder 601 contains different nutrients, namely nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other components.

[0068] The storage cylinder 601 is fixedly provided with a discharge pipe 602 with a valve at the bottom end, and a detachable cylinder cover 605 is installed at the top end of the storage cylinder 601. A squeeze plug 603 is provided inside the storage cylinder 601. A sealing gasket is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the squeeze plug 603 to play a sealing role. The outer ends of the squeeze plug 603 and the sealing gasket are in contact with the inner wall of the storage cylinder 601. A spring 604 is fixedly provided at the top end of the squeeze plug 603 and is fixedly connected to the cylinder cover 605.

[0069] After testing, the concentrations of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the extract can be obtained, reflecting the content of these nutrients in the soil. If nutrient deficiency is found, the corresponding nutrient solution is quantitatively added into the sealed cylinder 9 based on the test data. When adding the nutrient solution, locate the storage cylinder 601 containing the corresponding nutrient solution, open the valve on the discharge pipe 602 at the bottom of the storage cylinder 601, and the elastic force of the spring 604 will push the squeeze plug 603 downward, squeezing the nutrient solution inside the storage cylinder 601 and expelling it from inside the storage cylinder 601. The squeezed nutrient solution is collected in a container at the discharge pipe 602, and the position of the squeeze plug 603 inside the storage cylinder 601 is observed using a scale. The position of the pump is used to determine the amount of nutrient solution squeezed out. Once the required amount is reached, the valve on the discharge pipe 602 is closed, and the nutrient solution in the container is poured into the sealed cylinder 9 to mix with the extract. This method is used to replenish the missing nutrients in turn. After replenishment, the test is repeated until the test data is qualified. For example, if the nitrogen concentration in the extract is lower than the normal level, nitrogen-containing nutrient solution is added until the nitrogen content in the extract reaches the normal level. Finally, based on the content of the corresponding nutrients added, the proportion of various nutrients when fertilizing the soil can be calculated, thereby regulating the nutrients in the farmland soil. By detecting and regulating in this way, the final regulation plan will be more accurate.

[0070] The collected soil samples need to be dried, such as... Figure 3 , 13 As shown, a battery 4 and multiple drying components 3 are installed on the top of the box cover 2. The drying component 3 includes a metal tube 301. The outer end of the metal tube 301 is provided with a strap 305. Both ends of the strap 305 are fixedly connected to the box cover 2. The strap 305 is provided with multiple heating wires 306 for heating the metal tube 301, thereby removing excess water from the soil by heating.

[0071] The open end of the metal pipe 301 is fitted with a pipe cap 302 by a thread. A rubber baffle 303 is embedded in the pipe cap 302. An external groove 304 is provided on the rubber baffle 303. The external groove 304 will only open when subjected to external force so that water in the soil can be drained.

[0072] Soil samples are taken from the farmland to be tested and placed inside a metal tube 301. The metal tube 301 is then sealed by a tube cap 302 and a rubber baffle 303. The metal tube 301 is fixed to the top of the box cover 2 by a strap 305. Under normal conditions, the external groove 304 is closed. When the soil sample inside the metal tube 301 needs to be dried, the heating wire 306 is energized to heat the metal tube 301 and the soil sample inside. After heating, the moisture in the soil evaporates, and the air pressure inside the metal tube 301 increases as a result. Under the action of air pressure, the external groove 304 opens, and the evaporated moisture flows out through the external groove 304, thus achieving the drying process of the soil sample.

[0073] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring and regulating soil nutrients in farmland, comprising a housing (1), wherein a lid (2) is mounted on the top of the housing (1) via a hinge, and a soil nutrient analyzer (8) is provided inside the housing (1), characterized in that: The soil nutrient analyzer (8) has a detection position (17) at the top, and a cuvette (19) is provided inside the detection position (17); Optical glass plates (20) are inlaid on both sides of the cuvette (19). Baffles (21) are provided on both sides of the cuvette (19). The baffles (21) can block the optical glass plates (20). The top of the baffles (21) is hinged to the cuvette (19). A groove (28) is provided at the bottom of the baffles (21). A central shaft (29) is fixed on the inner wall of the groove (28). A roller (26) is sleeved on the outer end of the central shaft (29). The soil nutrient analyzer (8) has a closed cylinder (9) at the top, and a partition (18) is fixed on the inner wall of the closed cylinder (9). The closed cylinder (9) and the cuvette (19) contain extraction liquid. The top of the cuvette (19) is detachably connected to the partition (18). An extraction component (5) is installed inside the box cover (2). The extraction component (5) is connected to the closed cylinder (9), and the extraction liquid can circulate between the extraction component (5) and the closed cylinder (9).

2. The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Elastic strips (27) are installed on both the front and rear sides of the baffle (21), and one end of the elastic strip (27) is fixedly connected to the cuvette (19); The cuvette (19) is fixedly provided with a mounting bracket (22) at the bottom end. A micro motor (23) is installed at the top end of the mounting bracket (22). A drive shaft (24) is installed inside the bottom end of the cuvette (19) through a sealed bearing. Two blades (25) capable of driving liquid flow are fixedly provided at the outer end of the drive shaft (24). The bottom end of the drive shaft (24) extends to the bottom of the cuvette (19) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the micro motor (23).

3. The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the closed cylinder (9) is equipped with a detachable cover plate (12). The top of the cover plate (12) is fixedly provided with a return pipe (13) and a liquid extraction pipe (14). The bottom end of the liquid extraction pipe (14) extends into the interior of the closed cylinder (9). A micro liquid extraction pump (15) is fixedly provided on the liquid extraction pipe (14).

4. The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extraction assembly (5) includes a mixing box (501) located inside the box cover (2) and hinged to the inner wall of the box cover (2). A drain hose (502) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the mixing box (501). A detachable top plate (510) is installed at the top of the mixing box (501). A top pipe (504) is fixedly provided at the top of the top plate (510). An inlet hose (505) is fixedly provided on the top pipe (504). The drain hose (502) and the inlet hose (505) are respectively connected to the return pipe (13) and the extraction pipe (14) through quick connectors. The mixing tank (501) is equipped with a hollow flow divider plate (503) inside. The hollow flow divider plate (503) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the top plate (510). The top pipe (504) penetrates the top plate (510) and is connected to the interior of the hollow flow divider plate (503). The bottom end of the hollow flow divider plate (503) is provided with multiple liquid outlet holes (511).

5. The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing box (501) is equipped with a filter cloth (506) inside, and the soil sample is placed on the top of the filter cloth (506). The filter cloth (506) is located at the bottom of the hollow diversion plate (503). The filter cloth (506) is fixedly provided with a frame (507) at the outer end, and a sealing strip (508) is fixedly provided at the outer end of the frame (507). The outer end of the sealing strip (508) is in contact with the inner wall of the mixing box (501). The bottom end of the frame (507) is fixedly provided with a plurality of pads (509) that are in contact with the bottom of the mixing box (501).

6. The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box (1) is equipped with a storage box (7) inside. The storage box (7) is located on one side of the soil nutrient analyzer (8). When the sealed cylinder (9) is not in use, it is placed inside the storage box (7). The outer end of the closed cylinder (9) is fitted with an adjusting ring (16) through a bearing. Both sides of the adjusting ring (16) are fixed with connecting pieces (11). Both sides of the closed cylinder (9) are provided with connecting seats (10) fixed to the top of the soil nutrient analyzer (8). In use, the two connecting pieces (11) are located at the top of the two connecting seats (10) respectively and are connected to the connecting seats (10) by bolts.

7. The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box cover (2) is provided with multiple control components (6). The control components (6) include a storage cylinder (601) made of glass and with graduations. An arc-shaped pressure plate is installed inside the box cover (2) by bolts. The storage cylinder (601) is sandwiched between the arc-shaped pressure plate and the inner wall of the box cover (2). The storage cylinder (601) is filled with nutrient solution. The storage cylinder (601) is fixedly provided with a discharge pipe (602) with a valve at the bottom end. The storage cylinder (601) is provided with a detachable cylinder cover (605) at the top end. The storage cylinder (601) is provided with a squeeze plug (603) inside. The bottom end of the squeeze plug (603) is fixedly provided with a sealing gasket that plays a sealing role. The outer ends of the squeeze plug (603) and the sealing gasket are in contact with the inner wall of the storage cylinder (601). The top end of the squeeze plug (603) is fixedly provided with a spring (604) that is fixedly connected to the cylinder cover (605).

8. The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cover (2) is equipped with a battery (4) and multiple drying components (3). The drying component (3) includes a metal tube (301). The outer end of the metal tube (301) is provided with a strap (305). Both ends of the strap (305) are fixedly connected to the cover (2). The strap (305) is provided with multiple heating wires (306) for heating the metal tube (301).

9. The farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The open end of the metal tube (301) is fitted with a tube cap (302) by a thread. A rubber baffle (303) is embedded in the tube cap (302). An external groove (304) is provided on the rubber baffle (303). The external groove (304) can be opened when subjected to external force.

10. A method of using the farmland soil nutrient determination and regulation device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Soil samples are taken from the farmland to be tested. The soil samples are placed inside the metal tube (301) and sealed by the tube cap (302) and rubber baffle (303). The metal tube (301) is then fixed to the top of the box cover (2) by the strap (305). Under normal conditions, the external groove (304) is closed. When the soil sample inside the metal tube (301) needs to be dried, the heating wire (306) is energized to heat the metal tube (301) and the soil sample inside. After heating, the water in the soil evaporates, and the air pressure inside the metal tube (301) also increases. Under the action of air pressure, the external groove (304) opens, and the evaporated water flows out through the external groove (304), thus achieving the drying process of the soil sample. Step 2: Take the cuvette (19) and the sealed tube (9) out of the storage box (7) and connect and assemble them. Then insert the cuvette (19) as a whole into the detection position (17) at the top of the soil nutrient analyzer (8). Before insertion, the baffle (21) blocks the outside of the optical glass plate (20), so it is difficult for the hand to touch the optical glass plate (20) during operation. When inserted, the cuvette (19) can enter the detection position (17), while the roller (26) and the baffle (21) will be blocked and cannot enter the detection position (17). As the cuvette (19) does not... When the cuvette (19) is inserted into the detection position (17), the roller (26) will roll outside the detection position (17), and the baffle (21) will unfold. The optical glass plate (20) that is no longer blocked will enter the detection position (17) along with the cuvette (19). When the closed cylinder (9) contacts the top of the soil nutrient analyzer (8), it means that the cuvette (19) is inserted in place. At this time, rotate the adjustment ring (16) to rotate the connecting piece (11) to the connecting seat (10) and connect it with the connecting seat (10) by bolts, so as to put the cuvette (19) into the detection position (17). Step 3: Pour the extraction liquid into the sealed cylinder (9). The extraction liquid that enters the sealed cylinder (9) also enters the cuvette (19). Keep the liquid level of the extraction liquid in the sealed cylinder (9) and above the bottom of the suction tube (14). Then rotate the extraction component (5) to rotate it above the sealed cylinder (9). Connect the drain tube (502), the return tube (13), the top tube (504), and the suction tube (14). Then weigh the dried soil sample according to the amount of extraction liquid and place it on the top of the filter cloth (506). Step 4: After placement, turn on the micro-pump (15). Under the action of the micro-pump (15), the extract in the closed cylinder (9) is drawn out and transported to the top tube (504). The extract in the top tube (504) then enters the hollow distribution plate (503) and flows out through the outlet hole (511), and then reaches the mixing box (501). The extract inside the mixing box (501) mixes with the soil sample, thereby transferring the nutrients in the soil sample to the extract. After a short mixing, the extract and soil are filtered through the filter cloth (500). 6) The extract is separated by filtration. The extract passes through the filter cloth (506) and returns to the closed cylinder (9) through the drain hose (502) and connecting piece (11). This cycle is repeated. During the cycle, the nutrients in the extract inside the closed cylinder (9) and cuvette (19) increase continuously, while the nutrients in the soil decrease continuously. During this process, the soil nutrient analyzer (8) is used to continuously detect the nutrients. When the data of nutrients in the extract no longer changes significantly, it means that the nutrients in the soil have been fully extracted. The data detected is the final data of nutrient determination. Step 5: After the test is completed, if there is a nutrient deficiency, add the corresponding nutrient solution quantitatively into the sealed cylinder (9) according to the test data. When adding the nutrient solution, locate the storage cylinder (601) containing the corresponding nutrient solution, open the valve on the discharge pipe (602) at the bottom of the storage cylinder (601), and at this time, the elastic force of the spring (604) will push the squeeze plug (603) downward to squeeze the nutrient solution inside the storage cylinder (601), squeezing it out of the storage cylinder (601) and using a container at the discharge pipe (602). The squeezed nutrient solution is placed in a container, and the position of the squeeze plug (603) inside the storage cylinder (601) is observed with the help of the scale to determine the amount of squeezed nutrient solution. When the amount reaches the required level, the valve on the discharge pipe (602) is closed, and the nutrient solution in the container is poured into the closed cylinder (9) and mixed with the extract. The missing nutrients are replenished in this way. After replenishment, the test is performed again until the test data is qualified. Finally, the fertilization plan for the soil can be calculated based on the amount of various nutrients replenished, thereby regulating the nutrients in the soil of the farmland.

Images