Reservoir desilting scheduling method under water-sediment relation variation condition and related device

Abstract

The invention provides a reservoir desilting scheduling method under the condition of water-sediment relationship variation and a related device, and aims to solve the problem of low efficiency of a traditional scheduling mode caused by lack of reservoir sediment observation data of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and water-sediment relationship variation (such as increase of sediment volume and'repository renovation '). Calculating the sand content of incoming sand by using a formula; 2, determining a current deposition amount control target according to a designed deposition allowable value, and calculating the required reservoir capacity in combination with a desilting ratio formula; and 3, converting the reservoir capacity curve to obtain the desilting water level, and predicting the desilting starting opportunity by using the silt transportation time model. The method does not need to depend on online sand content monitoring, can dynamically adapt to water and sand change conditions caused by climate changes, accurately controls the deposition amount, reduces water resource waste, and is suitable for plateau reservoirs poor in sediment data and complex in water and sand relation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of reservoir sediment discharge scheduling, in particular to a reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method and related device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions. BACKGROUND

[0002] Reservoir sediment discharge scheduling generally has constant water level sediment discharge, grading sediment discharge, drawdown sediment discharge and open discharge (including base flow sediment discharge and emptying sediment discharge) under the principle of "storing clean water and discharging muddy water". The constant water level is usually for a given season or water and sediment conditions, when the conditions are met, the water level is maintained to the sediment discharge water level for sediment discharge; grading is an optimization based on constant water level sediment discharge, multiple water levels are set for sediment discharge, usually 2-3, different water and sediment conditions (sometimes including the previous sedimentation situation) are scheduled to different sediment discharge water levels for sediment discharge; open discharge is to open all the holes of the dam (except the power plant) for sediment discharge during the flood period, which has good sediment discharge effect but large power generation loss; drawdown sediment discharge is between constant water level sediment discharge and open discharge, which gradually reduces the water level for sediment discharge. It can be seen that no matter which sediment discharge method is used, the water and sediment conditions must be clear, when the water-sediment relationship is good, only the water condition needs to be grasped, and when the water-sediment relationship is poor, the sediment condition must be grasped for fine scheduling.

[0003] For the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, most reservoirs lack reliable sediment observation data, and reservoir sediment discharge scheduling is mostly dependent on water conditions or uses the scheduling method given in the design stage. In recent years, with the strengthening of extreme climate, the water-sediment relationship is abnormal, on the one hand, the sand content continues to increase, which is often very different from the design stage, on the other hand, extreme situations such as "zero storage and whole take" occur frequently, that is, the water and sediment are asynchronous or even different sources, showing a nonlinear relationship. Simply relying on water conditions for scheduling or using the original design scheduling method often causes waste of water resources or increased sedimentation, and a flexible and fine sediment discharge scheduling method under the condition of poor sediment data needs to be studied. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method and related device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions, which can greatly reduce the water resource consumption and cost of the sediment discharge process.

[0005] A reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions, comprising:

[0006] A data monitoring module for collecting daily flow Q i , daily average temperature Ti and outflow O i of the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir.

[0007] A sediment content calculation module, the input end of which is connected with the data monitoring module, and is configured to calculate the sediment content according to the daily flow Q i, daily average temperature Ti calculation of sediment concentration SSC i ;

[0008] sand trapping amount determination module: configured to determine the current sedimentation amount control target C max according to the sedimentation allowance value C Di in the reservoir design data ;

[0009] reservoir capacity calculation module: the input end is connected with the sediment concentration calculation module and the sand trapping amount determination module respectively, and is configured to calculate the reservoir capacity C i required for sand discharge according to the sediment concentration SSC Di of incoming sediment and the current sedimentation amount control target C i ;

[0010] sediment concentration of incoming sediment Sediment concentration of incoming sediment water level determination module: the input end is connected with the reservoir capacity calculation module, and is configured to convert the calculated reservoir capacity C i required for sand discharge into the sand discharge water level Z i according to the reservoir capacity curve (C i -Z i relationship);

[0011] transportation time prediction module: the input end is connected with the data monitoring module and the sediment concentration calculation module, and is configured to predict the time t of sediment transportation to the dam according to the sediment concentration SSC i of incoming sediment, the daily flow Q i of the monitoring point upstream of the reservoir and the outflow O i , and determine the sand discharge starting time;

[0012] dispatching control module: the input end is connected with the water level determination module and the transportation time prediction module respectively, and is configured to output the sand discharge dispatching instruction according to the sand discharge water level Zi and the sand discharge starting time, control the reservoir to adjust the water level to Zi, and start the sand discharge according to the determined sand discharge starting time.

[0013] Further, the sediment concentration SSC i of incoming sediment is calculated according to the daily flow Q i of the monitoring point upstream of the reservoir and the daily average temperature Ti Specifically, it includes:

[0014] SSC i =0.002A i Q i 0.211Ti+0.67 +A i (0.099Q Ii +0.059)*Q Ii 0.133 +0.002Q Ii (4);

[0015] (5);

[0016] wherein A i is a topographic parameter, Q i is daily flow, Q Ii is the increase of daily flow compared with the previous day, calculated by the difference between the daily flow and the previous day flow, Ti is the cumulative average temperature of the day and the previous 7 days; D is the number of days in a hydrological year; i is the day number in a hydrological year, and the hydrological year is calculated from the first day of the month when the water first rises in the natural year to the day before the same date of the next year.

[0017] Further, the sediment concentration SSC i , the current deposition amount control target C Di , the sediment discharge required capacity C i , and the sediment discharge method.

[0018] (2);

[0019] C Di = T e × SSC i × I i (3);

[0020] wherein C i is the sediment discharge required capacity, m 3 ; I is the annual average runoff, m 3 , obtained by converting the daily flow Q i with time; I i is the daily runoff, m 3 , which can be converted from the flow Q; SSC is the annual average sediment concentration; SSC i is the daily sediment concentration, kg / m 3 ; T e is the sediment retention rate, %; and C Di is the sediment retention amount, kg.

[0021] Further, the time t of sediment transport to the dam is predicted according to the sediment concentration SSC i , the daily flow Q i and the outflow O i of the monitoring point upstream of the reservoir, and the method comprises:

[0022] t = f3 (SSC i , L, Q i , O i ) (7);

[0023] wherein L is the distance from the water and sediment monitoring point to the dam, km.

[0024] A fine sediment discharge scheduling method for reservoirs under water and sediment asynchronous conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring points of the reservoir i Daily average temperature Ti and outflow O i ;

[0026] Based on the daily flow Q at the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir i Calculation of sediment content (SSC) from daily average temperature (Ti) i ;

[0027] According to the allowable siltation value C in the reservoir design data max Determine the target C for controlling the amount of siltation in this operation. Di ;

[0028] According to the sediment content of incoming sand (SSC) i The target for controlling siltation volume in this project is C. Di Calculate the required reservoir capacity C for sand removal. i :

[0029] According to the storage capacity curve (C) i -Z i (Relationship) The required reservoir capacity C for sediment discharge will be calculated. i Converted to sediment discharge level Z i ;

[0030] According to the sediment content of incoming sand (SSC) i Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring point of reservoir i And outbound flow O i Predict the time t for sediment transport to the front of the dam to determine the timing for initiating sediment discharge;

[0031] According to the sediment discharge level Z i The timing of sediment discharge activation is used to output sediment discharge scheduling commands and control the reservoir to adjust the water level to Z. i And start the sand removal process according to the determined sand removal start time.

[0032] Furthermore, the daily flow Q at the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir... i Calculation of sediment content (SSC) from daily average temperature (Ti) i Specifically, it includes:

[0033] SSC i =0.002A i Q i 0.211Ti+0.67 +A i (0.099Q) Ii +0.059)*Q Ii 0.133 +0.002Q Ii (4);

[0034] (5);

[0035] In the formula: A i Q is a geomorphic parameter. i Daily traffic, Q Ii The increase in flow rate on the current day compared to the previous day is calculated by the difference between the current day's flow rate and the previous day's flow rate. Ti is the cumulative average temperature of the current day and the previous 7 days; D is the number of days in a hydrological year; i is the day number in a hydrological year. A hydrological year is calculated from the first day of the month in which the first rise in water occurs in a natural year to the day before the same date in the following year.

[0036] Furthermore, the method based on the sediment content SSC i The target for controlling siltation volume in this project is C. Di Calculate the required reservoir capacity C for sand removal. i ,include:

[0037] (2);

[0038] C Di =T e ×SSC i ×I i (3);

[0039] In the formula: C i To accommodate the required reservoir capacity for sand removal, m 3 I represents the average annual runoff, in m³. 3 Through daily traffic i Obtained by conversion with time; I i Daily runoff, m 3 It can be converted from the flow rate Q; SSC is the annual average sediment concentration; SSC i This represents the sediment content of the incoming sand on that day, in kg / m³. 3 ;T e The sand-trapping rate is %; C Di This represents the amount of sand interception, expressed in kg.

[0040] Furthermore, the method based on the sediment content SSC i Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring point of reservoir i And outbound flow O i The predicted time t for sediment transport to the front of the dam includes:

[0041] t=f3(SSC) i L, Q i O i (7);

[0042] In the formula: L is the distance from the water and sediment monitoring point to the dam, in km.

[0043] A reservoir sediment discharge scheduling system under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions includes: a computer-readable storage medium and a processor;

[0044] The computer-readable storage medium is used to store executable instructions;

[0045] The processor is used to read executable instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium and execute the reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method under the condition of abnormal water-sediment relationship.

[0046] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method under conditions of abnormal water-sediment relationship. This invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. Solve the problem of lack of sediment data: By combining easily monitored data such as flow rate and temperature with formula inversion, the sediment content can be obtained without relying on online sediment content monitoring equipment, thus overcoming the limitation of insufficient sediment observation data in reservoirs on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and reducing monitoring costs.

[0048] 2. Adapting to the needs of asynchronous water and sediment scheduling: Based on the sediment content calculation results and sedimentation control targets, the sediment discharge water level is dynamically adjusted through the reservoir capacity-water level linkage model to avoid water resource waste or sedimentation risks when the water-sediment relationship changes (such as "accumulated water in small amounts and withdrawn in large amounts").

[0049] 3. Precisely control the timing of sediment discharge: Introduce a sediment transport time prediction model, and combine it with parameters such as the distance from the monitoring point to the dam front and the outflow rate to accurately predict the time when the sediment peak arrives at the dam front, so as to ensure that the sediment discharge water level adjustment is synchronized with the sediment transport process and improve sediment discharge efficiency.

[0050] 4. Maintain the long-term function of the reservoir: With the design allowable siltation value as the control target, the reservoir capacity and water level are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the siltation process is consistent with the original design, extend the service life, and balance the needs of multiple objectives such as power generation and flood control. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method under the condition of abnormal water-sediment relationship of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] The sediment discharge of a reservoir is mainly determined by the following factors: the reservoir capacity corresponding to the sediment discharge water level, the inflow and sediment conditions, and the discharge capacity. Among these, the design of the discharge capacity is more related to the inflow conditions. Therefore, the current unified form of sediment interception is mostly:

[0054] C Di =f1(Q) i C i SSC i (1)

[0055] The formula for sand removal ratio is as follows:

[0056] (2)

[0057] C Di =T e ×SSC i ×I i (3)

[0058] In the above formula: C i To accommodate the required reservoir capacity for sand removal, m 3 I represents annual runoff, in m³. 3 ;I i Daily runoff, m 3 It can be converted from the flow Q; SSC i The sediment content of incoming sand, kg / m³ 3 ;T e The sand-trapping rate is %; C Di The amount of sand interception is expressed in kg.

[0059] Clearly, setting a reasonable sediment discharge level requires both controlling sedimentation and understanding the complex sediment inflow conditions under climate change.

[0060] The sediment transport conditions can be determined using the daily sediment transport inversion model proposed by Zhang T & Li DF (2021), which considers climate changes such as temperature and runoff.

[0061] SSC i =0.002A i Q i 0.211Ti+0.67 +A i (0.099Q) Ii +0.059)*Q Ii 0.133 +0.002Q Ii (4)

[0062] (5)

[0063] In the formula: Q Ii The percentage increase in traffic volume on a given day compared to the previous day, m3 / s; Ti is the cumulative average temperature of the day and the previous 7 days, in °C; Ai is a geomorphological parameter reflecting the early scouring and deposition characteristics up to the present of a hydrological year. When considering only sediment yield, it can be the quotient of the cumulative runoff up to the present of this hydrological year and the multi-year average annual runoff; Q i Daily traffic, m 3 / s; D is the number of days in a hydrological year (a hydrological year is calculated from the first day of the month in which the first flood occurs in a calendar year to the day before the same date in the following year).

[0064] The target for controlling sedimentation volume, namely the current sedimentation volume C. Di ≤ A certain limiting sedimentation amount C max And C max It can be determined from the reservoir capacity siltation design curve (the reservoir siltation prediction process line provided in the reservoir design report). If the daily-scale C cannot be given... max， Then it can be based on C max The time scale, performing C for that time period. Di The solution is simply to sum the results. In other words, regardless of the amount of sediment, the goal of water management is to ensure that the reservoir's siltation process remains constant.

[0065] At this point, if the conditions for sediment inflow can be inverted, the sedimentation rate C can be controlled according to formula (3). Di A reasonable reservoir capacity (for sediment discharge) needs to be adopted, and the reservoir capacity is controlled by the water level through a reservoir capacity curve. The relationship between the two is as follows:

[0066] C Di =f2(Z i (6)

[0067] In the formula, Z i The sediment discharge level is measured in meters (m); the relationship between the two can be obtained from actual reservoir capacity measurements.

[0068] Make C Di Equals C max By combining formulas (2) to (6), the sediment discharge level Z corresponding to the control design sedimentation volume for this sedimentation process can be obtained. i .

[0069] In situations of drastic climate change and altered water-sediment relationships, this method allows for a more accurate understanding of incoming water and sediment conditions. When other conditions permit, the sediment discharge level can be flexibly adjusted to maintain the reservoir's sedimentation process and functional performance, thus achieving precise sediment discharge scheduling in response to climate change.

[0070] If the reservoir is long, in addition to flexibly adjusting the discharge water level according to the incoming sediment, precise sediment discharge also requires determining the timing of sediment discharge initiation. That is, it is necessary to accurately predict the time it takes for the sediment to be transported to the front of the dam. The sediment transport time model in the reservoir area is as follows:

[0071] t=f3(SSC) i L, Q i O i (7)

[0072] In the formula, L is the distance from the water and sediment monitoring point to the dam, in km; O i For outbound flow, m 3 / s. This model can be calibrated using measured data.

[0073] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a method for reservoir sediment discharge scheduling under conditions of abnormal water-sediment relationship, comprising the following steps:

[0074] 1. Collect the daily flow Q at the monitoring point upstream of the reservoir. i Daily average temperature Ti and outflow O i ;

[0075] 2. Based on the daily flow Q at the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir i Calculation of sediment content (SSC) from daily average temperature (Ti) i Specifically, the sediment content is calculated using formulas (4) and (5);

[0076] 3. Based on the allowable siltation value C in the reservoir design data. max Determine the target C for controlling the amount of siltation in this operation. Di ;

[0077] 4. Based on the sand content (SSC) of the incoming sand. i The target for controlling siltation volume in this project is C. Di Calculate the required reservoir capacity C for sand removal. i Specifically, the required reservoir capacity C for sediment discharge at this stage is calculated using formulas (2) and (3). i ;

[0078] 5. Based on the storage capacity curve (C) i -Z i (Relationship) The required reservoir capacity C for sediment discharge will be calculated. i Converted to sediment discharge level Z i ;

[0079] 6. Based on the sediment content (SSC) of the incoming sand. i Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring point of reservoir i And outbound flow O i Predict the time t for sediment transport to the front of the dam and determine the timing for starting sediment discharge. Specifically, according to model (7), calibrate the sediment transport time formula to obtain the timing for starting sediment discharge.

[0080] 7. Based on the sediment discharge level Z iThe timing of sediment discharge activation is used to output sediment discharge scheduling commands and control the reservoir to adjust the water level to Z. i The system initiates sand removal according to the determined timing, thereby enabling flexible scheduling and achieving adaptive and precise sand removal.

[0081] Implementation Cases

[0082] A reservoir on a plateau in Tibet is 60 km long and has a total storage capacity of 190 million cubic meters. 3 The normal water level is 3654m, and the reservoir is for daily regulation. Flow rate and air temperature are monitored online at the inlet. However, online monitoring of sediment content is currently not possible; therefore, formulas (4) and (5) are used for calculation, with a flow rate of 7000m³. 3 / s, yielding a daily sediment concentration of 7kg / m. 3 According to the preliminary design of the reservoir, its daily siltation should not exceed 3 million cubic meters. 3 Considering the dry density of sediment is taken as 1, the allowable daily sedimentation is 3 million tons. Using formulas (2) and (3), it can be obtained that the sedimentation rate should be maintained at 101.8 million m³. 3 The reservoir capacity is used for sediment discharge. According to the reservoir capacity curve, the water level corresponding to a capacity of 101.8 million cubic meters is 3640 meters, which is the sediment discharge water level under the conditions of inflow and sediment.

[0083] Based on the previously obtained formula for reservoir sediment transport time, it is known that under these inflow and sediment conditions, it takes 1.5 days for sediment to be transported from the monitoring point to the dam front. Therefore, it should be observed that 7 kg / m³ of sediment is transported from the monitoring point to the dam front. 3 After a period of high sediment content, the water level will drop to 3640m in 1.5 days. This is the opportune time for sediment discharge, which, together with the sediment discharge water level, constitutes a refined sediment discharge scheduling plan to adapt to the incoming sediment.

[0084] This invention has the following features and effects:

[0085] 1. Addressing the lack of sediment data: Calculating sediment concentration (SSC) using easily monitored data such as flow rate and temperature, combined with formulas. i This method eliminates the need for online sediment concentration monitoring equipment, overcomes the limitation of insufficient sediment observation data in reservoirs on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and enables dynamic inversion of sediment conditions.

[0086] 2. Adapting to the asynchronous water and sediment scheduling requirements: Based on the sediment content calculation results and the current sedimentation control target (C Di The sediment discharge level is dynamically determined by the reservoir capacity-water level linkage model (formulas (2) to (6)) to avoid water waste or siltation risk when the water-sediment relationship is distorted (such as "storage in small amounts and withdrawal in large amounts") in the traditional fixed scheduling method.

[0087] 3. Precisely control the timing of sediment discharge: Introduce a sediment transport time prediction model (Formula (7)), combined with the distance from the monitoring point to the dam front (L) and the outflow (O) iBy using parameters such as these, we can accurately predict the time when the sand peak arrives at the dam, ensuring that the adjustment of the sediment discharge water level is synchronized with the sediment transport process, and improving the efficiency of sediment discharge.

[0088] 4. Maintain the long-term function of the reservoir: based on the design allowable siltation value (C). max To achieve the control objectives, the reservoir capacity and water level are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the siltation process is consistent with the original design, extend the service life of the reservoir, and balance the needs of multiple objectives such as power generation and flood control.

[0089] A second aspect of the present invention provides a reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under conditions of abnormal water-sediment relationship, comprising:

[0090] Data monitoring module: used to collect the daily flow Q at monitoring points upstream of the reservoir. i Daily average temperature Ti and outflow O i ;

[0091] Sediment concentration calculation module: The input end is connected to the data monitoring module and is configured to calculate the sediment concentration based on the daily flow Q at the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir. i Calculation of sediment content (SSC) from daily average temperature (Ti) i ;

[0092] Module for determining sediment retention capacity: Configured to determine the allowable sedimentation value C from the reservoir design data. max Determine the target C for controlling the amount of siltation in this operation. Di ;

[0093] Reservoir capacity calculation module: The input terminals are connected to the sediment concentration calculation module and the sediment retention capacity determination module, respectively, and are configured to calculate based on the incoming sediment concentration SSC. i The target for controlling siltation volume in this project is C. Di Calculate the required reservoir capacity C for sand removal. i :

[0094] The sediment concentration and water level determination module: Its input terminal is connected to the reservoir capacity calculation module and configured to determine the water level based on the reservoir capacity curve (C). i -Z i (Relationship) The required reservoir capacity C for sediment discharge will be calculated. i Converted to sediment discharge level Z i ;

[0095] Transport time prediction module: The input end is connected to the data monitoring module and the sediment concentration calculation module, and is configured to predict transport time based on the sediment concentration SSC. i Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring point of reservoir i And outbound flow O i Predict the time t for sediment transport to the front of the dam to determine the timing for initiating sediment discharge;

[0096] Dispatch and control module: The input terminals are connected to the water level determination module and the transport time prediction module respectively. It is configured to output a sediment discharge dispatching command based on the sediment discharge water level Zi and the sediment discharge start time, control the reservoir to adjust the water level to Zi and start sediment discharge according to the determined sediment discharge start time.

[0097] Another aspect of the present invention provides a reservoir sediment discharge scheduling system under conditions of abnormal water-sediment relationship, comprising: a computer-readable storage medium and a processor;

[0098] The computer-readable storage medium is used to store executable instructions;

[0099] The processor is used to read executable instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium and execute the reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method under the condition of water-sediment relationship change as described in the first aspect.

[0100] In another aspect, the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method under the condition of abnormal water-sediment relationship as described in the first aspect.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0102] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0103] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0104] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0105] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions, characterized in that, include: Data monitoring module: used to collect the daily flow Q at monitoring points upstream of the reservoir. i Daily average temperature Ti and outflow O i ; Sediment concentration calculation module: The input end is connected to the data monitoring module and is configured to calculate the sediment concentration based on the daily flow Q at the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir. i Calculation of sediment content (SSC) from daily average temperature (Ti) i ; Module for determining sediment retention capacity: Configured to determine the allowable sedimentation value C from the reservoir design data. max Determine the target C for controlling the amount of siltation in this operation. Di ; Reservoir capacity calculation module: The input terminals are connected to the sediment concentration calculation module and the sediment retention capacity determination module, respectively, and are configured to calculate based on the incoming sediment concentration SSC. i The target for controlling siltation volume in this project is C. Di Calculate the required reservoir capacity C for sand removal. i : The sediment concentration and water level determination module: Its input terminal is connected to the reservoir capacity calculation module and configured to determine the water level based on the reservoir capacity curve (C). i -Z i (Relationship) The required reservoir capacity C for sediment discharge will be calculated. i Converted to sediment discharge level Z i ; Transport time prediction module: The input end is connected to the data monitoring module and the sediment concentration calculation module, and is configured to predict transport time based on the sediment concentration SSC. i Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring point of reservoir i And outbound flow O i Predict the time t for sediment transport to the front of the dam to determine the timing for initiating sediment discharge; Dispatch and control module: The input terminals are connected to the water level determination module and the transport time prediction module respectively, and are configured to adjust according to the sediment discharge water level Z. i The timing of sediment discharge activation is used to output sediment discharge scheduling commands and control the reservoir to adjust the water level to Z. i And start the sand removal process according to the determined sand removal start time.

2. The reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The daily flow Q at the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir is mentioned. i Calculation of sediment content (SSC) from daily average temperature (Ti) i Specifically, it includes: SSC i =0.002A i Q i 0.211Ti+0.67 +A i (0.099Q Ii +0.059)*Q Ii 0.133 +0.002Q Ii (4); （5）； In the formula: A i Q is a geomorphic parameter. i Daily traffic, Q Ii The increase in flow rate on the current day compared to the previous day is calculated by the difference between the current day's flow rate and the previous day's flow rate. Ti is the cumulative average temperature of the current day and the previous 7 days; D is the number of days in a hydrological year; i is the day number in a hydrological year. A hydrological year is calculated from the first day of the month in which the first rise in water occurs in a natural year to the day before the same date in the following year.

3. The reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The SSC is based on the sand content of incoming sand. i The target for controlling siltation volume in this project is C. Di Calculate the required reservoir capacity C for sand removal. i , include: （2）； C Di =T e ×SSC i ×I i (3); In the formula: C i To accommodate the required reservoir capacity for sand removal, m 3 I represents the average annual runoff, in m³. 3 Through daily traffic i Obtained by conversion with time; I i Daily runoff, m 3 It can be converted from the flow rate Q; SSC is the annual average sediment concentration; SSC i This represents the sediment content of the incoming sand on that day, in kg / m³. 3 ;T e The sand-trapping rate is %; C Di The amount of sand interception is expressed in kg.

4. The reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The SSC is based on the sand content of incoming sand. i Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring point of reservoir i And outbound flow O i The predicted time t for sediment transport to the dam front includes: t=f3(SSC i ,L,Q i Oh, oh i ) (7); In the formula: L is the distance from the water and sediment monitoring point to the dam, in km.

5. A method for precise sediment discharge scheduling in a reservoir under asynchronous water and sediment conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring points of the reservoir i Daily average temperature Ti and outflow O i ; Based on the daily flow Q at the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir i Calculation of sediment content (SSC) from daily average temperature (Ti) i ; According to the allowable siltation value C in the reservoir design data max Determine the target C for controlling the amount of siltation in this operation. Di ; According to the sediment content of incoming sand (SSC) i The target for controlling siltation volume in this project is C. Di Calculate the required reservoir capacity C for sand removal. i : According to the storage capacity curve (C) i -Z i (Relationship) The required reservoir capacity C for sediment discharge will be calculated. i Converted to sediment discharge level Z i ; According to the sediment content of incoming sand (SSC) i Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring point of reservoir i And outbound flow O i Predict the time t for sediment transport to the front of the dam to determine the timing for initiating sediment discharge; According to the sediment discharge level Z i The timing of sediment discharge activation is used to output sediment discharge scheduling commands and control the reservoir to adjust the water level to Z. i And start the sand removal process according to the determined sand removal start time.

6. The reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The daily flow Q at the upstream monitoring point of the reservoir is mentioned. i Calculation of sediment content (SSC) from daily average temperature (Ti) i Specifically, it includes: SSC i =0.002A i Q i 0.211Ti+0.67 +A i (0.099Q Ii +0.059)*Q Ii 0.133 +0.002Q Ii (4); （5）； In the formula: A i Q is a geomorphic parameter. i Daily traffic, Q Ii The increase in flow rate on the current day compared to the previous day is calculated by the difference between the current day's flow rate and the previous day's flow rate. Ti is the cumulative average temperature of the current day and the previous 7 days; D is the number of days in a hydrological year; i is the day number in a hydrological year. A hydrological year is calculated from the first day of the month in which the first rise in water occurs in a natural year to the day before the same date in the following year.

7. The reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The SSC is based on the sand content of incoming sand. i The target for controlling siltation volume in this project is C. Di Calculate the required reservoir capacity C for sand removal. i , include: （2）； C Di =T e ×SSC i ×I i (3); In the formula: C i To accommodate the required reservoir capacity for sand removal, m 3 I represents the average annual runoff, in m³. 3 Through daily traffic i Obtained by conversion with time; I i Daily runoff, m 3 It can be converted from the flow rate Q; SSC is the annual average sediment concentration; SSC i This represents the sediment content of the incoming sand on that day, in kg / m³. 3 ;T e The sand-trapping rate is %; C Di This represents the amount of sand interception, expressed in kg.

8. The reservoir sediment discharge scheduling device under abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The SSC is based on the sand content of incoming sand. i Daily flow Q at upstream monitoring point of reservoir i And outbound flow O i The predicted time t for sediment transport to the dam front includes: t=f3(SSC i ,L,Q i Oh, oh i ) (7); In the formula: L is the distance from the water and sediment monitoring point to the dam, in km.

9. A reservoir sediment discharge scheduling system under conditions of abnormal water-sediment relationship, comprising: Computer-readable storage media and processors; The computer-readable storage medium is used to store executable instructions; The processor is used to read executable instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium and execute the reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method under the abnormal water-sediment relationship conditions as described in any one of claims 5-8.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the reservoir sediment discharge scheduling method under the condition of water-sediment relationship variation as described in any one of claims 5-8.

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