High-stability fuel cell stack module and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-stability fuel cell stack module and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fuel cell stack modules, and the high-stability fuel cell stack module comprises a lower end plate, a lower insulating plate, a cell stack module, an upper insulating plate and an upper end plate. According to the high-stability fuel cell stack module and the preparation method thereof, reaction air and cooling air are physically separated and controlled at an air path source through the air regulation and control mechanism, the flow ratio of the two paths of air can be intelligently adjusted according to the actual power and temperature of the stack, and the stability of the stack is greatly improved during low-power operation. The reaction air quantity is reduced to avoid drying of the membrane electrode, independent supply of two paths of gas is fully guaranteed during high-power operation, the paradox of introducing excessive reaction air for heat dissipation is thoroughly solved by the decoupling control mode, accurate distribution according to needs is realized, the system efficiency is remarkably improved, and the energy consumption is reduced. And the working adaptability and reliability of the galvanic pile in a wide power range and in a severe temperature environment are greatly enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cell stack module, in particular to a high-stability fuel cell stack module and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a kind of efficient, clean energy conversion technology, fuel cell is widely used at present, wherein, the performance, life and reliability of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack as core power source directly determine the technical level of whole vehicle; Traditional air-cooled stack usually uses the same air to undertake the dual roles of electrochemical reactant (oxygen) and heat sink coolant, this "coupling" design has inherent defects: when the stack is running at low power but in high temperature environment, to meet the heat dissipation requirement, excess air must be introduced, which not only leads to huge parasitic power loss of air compressor and reduces system efficiency, but also causes proton exchange membrane to lose water and increase resistance due to excessive dry air sweeping, and even irreversible membrane drying damage, which seriously restricts the environmental adaptability and service life of the stack, secondly, fuel cell stack is formed by alternately stacking a plurality of bipolar plates and membrane electrodes, under the working condition of frequent vibration and start-stop of vehicle, micro dislocation and shear displacement are easily generated between components, the interlayer dislocation will damage the sealing interface, leading to reaction gas leakage, and may scratch the precise membrane electrode, causing battery performance degradation or even early failure, affecting the normal use of the device. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a high-stability fuel cell stack module and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems in the background.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a high-stability fuel cell stack module, comprising a lower end plate, a lower insulating plate, a battery stack module, an upper insulating plate and an upper end plate, the lower end plate is provided with the lower insulating plate on the upper end face, the lower insulating plate is in contact with the lower end face of the battery stack module, the upper end face of the battery stack module is in contact with the upper insulating plate, and the upper end plate is installed on the upper end face of the upper insulating plate; Positioning mechanism for clamping and fixing the lower end plate, the lower insulating plate, the battery stack module, the upper insulating plate and the upper end plate, and synchronously placing the lower end plate, the lower insulating plate, the battery stack module, the upper insulating plate and the upper end plate to generate dislocation, two positioning mechanisms are sleeved outside the lower end plate, the lower insulating plate, the battery stack module, the upper insulating plate and the upper end plate; Air regulation mechanism for realizing the automatic regulation and shunt of reaction air and cooling air, the air regulation mechanism is installed on the upper end plate.

[0005] Preferably, the battery stack module comprises a bipolar plate in contact with the lower insulating plate, and the bipolar plate is provided with a cooling flow channel, and the inner side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate is provided with an air flow channel, and the inner side of the anode surface of the bipolar plate is provided with a hydrogen flow channel, and the air flow channel and the hydrogen flow channel are connected with the shunt ports uniformly arranged on the bipolar plate, and through the air flow channel and the hydrogen flow channel, oxygen and hydrogen can be supplied to the device to ensure normal operation of the device, and through the independent cooling flow channel, air cooling of the device can be realized to avoid affecting the normal operation of the device due to high temperature.

[0006] Preferably, the shunt port is fixed with a support rod at an equal angle, and the support rod and the conical shunt plate are fixed with each other, and the conical shunt plate and the shunt port are distributed one by one, and through the shunt port, the dispersion of oxygen and hydrogen can be realized, and cooperating with the conical shunt plate, the gas shunting can be further realized to ensure the normal reaction of the gas and the membrane electrode.

[0007] Preferably, the sealing plate is arranged between the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode, and the catalyst layer is symmetrically arranged on the membrane electrode, and through the sealing plate, the sealing property of the device can be ensured to avoid gas leakage and ensure stable operation of the device.

[0008] Preferably, the temperature sensor is arranged on the left middle opening of the upper end plate, and the hydrogen joint is arranged on the left rear end opening of the upper end plate, and through the hydrogen joint, the input of hydrogen can be realized, and cooperating with the temperature sensor, the temperature monitoring of the device can be realized.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning mechanism comprises a U-shaped hoop sleeved outside the lower end plate, the lower insulating plate, the battery stack module, the upper insulating plate and the upper end plate, and the U-shaped hoop is fixed with a rubber pad, and the U-shaped hoop is symmetrically and slidingly connected with a vertical rod in front and back, and the vertical rod and the U-shaped hoop are fixed with a spring, and through the above structure, the clamping and fixing of the whole device can be realized to ensure the stability of the device assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical rod is uniformly provided with a reverse V-shaped groove, and the reverse V-shaped groove is slidingly connected with a sliding rod, and the sliding rod is fixed on the top plate at equal intervals, and the top plate is slidingly connected with the U-shaped hoop, and the top plate is in contact with the lower end plate, the lower insulating plate, the battery stack module, the upper insulating plate and the upper end plate to realize the positioning effect, and through the above structure, when the two U-shaped hoops are locked by bolts, cooperating with the top plate, the device can be clamped and positioned to effectively avoid the dislocation of the lower end plate, the lower insulating plate, the battery stack module, the upper insulating plate and the upper end plate, and ensure the stable operation of the device.

[0011] Preferably, the air conditioning mechanism includes a flow distribution box fixed to the right side of the upper end plate, and a partition is fixed in the flow distribution box, and a first air inlet is installed on the rear side of the flow distribution box, and a first electromagnetic valve is fixed on the first air inlet, a second air inlet is installed on the front side of the flow distribution box, and a second electromagnetic valve is installed on the second air inlet, through the above structure, the automatic regulation of the reaction air and the cooling air can be realized, so that the operation of the device under different power states can be adapted to better meet the actual use requirements.

[0012] Preferably, a micro electric cylinder is fixed in the flow distribution box, and an installation plate is fixed to the output end of the micro electric cylinder, and a lower baffle is fixed to the lower end of the installation plate, and the installation plate and one end of the connecting rod are rotatably connected, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the side baffle, and a guide rod is fixed to the side baffle, and the guide rod and the partition are slidably connected, the side baffle and the air outlet one-way valve cooperate to realize sealing, and the air outlet one-way valve is installed on the partition, through the above structure, the automatic regulation of the air can be realized, the normal supply of the cooling air and the reaction air can be ensured, the stable operation of the device can be ensured, and the stable heat dissipation effect of the device can be ensured.

[0013] A preparation method of a fuel cell stack module, the specific steps are as follows: Step one: independent cooling flow channels, air flow channels and hydrogen flow channels are machined on the bipolar plate, a flow distribution port is opened at the corresponding position and penetrates the air flow channel and the hydrogen flow channel, and a fixed support rod and a conical flow distribution plate are welded on the flow distribution port Step two: the lowermost bipolar plate is placed on the lower insulating plate above the lower end plate, and the sealing plate and the membrane electrode are arranged one by one from bottom to top, so that the bipolar plate, the sealing plate, the membrane electrode and the sealing plate form a group, according to actual needs, a plurality of groups are stacked, and finally the upper insulating plate below the upper end plate is in contact with the uppermost bipolar plate, and the stacking and assembly are completed; Step three: after the stacking and assembly are completed, the lower end plate, the lower insulating plate, the battery stack module, the upper insulating plate and the upper end plate are locked through two groups of U-shaped hoops cooperating with bolts, and in the locking process, the top plate can realize the jacking effect, and effectively prevent the misalignment between the lower end plate, the lower insulating plate, the battery stack module, the upper insulating plate and the upper end plate; Step four: install the temperature sensor, the hydrogen joint and the air conditioning mechanism; Step five: finally, the whole device is installed in the battery shell Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The high-stability fuel cell stack module, by means of the air regulating mechanism, physically separates and controls the reaction air and cooling air at the source of the air path, and can intelligently adjust the flow ratio of the two air paths according to the actual power and temperature of the stack. When running at low power, the amount of reaction air is reduced to avoid drying out the membrane electrode, and when running at high power, the independent supply of the two air paths is fully guaranteed. This decoupling control method completely solves the paradox of excessive reaction air being introduced for heat dissipation, realizes precise on-demand distribution, significantly improves system efficiency, and greatly enhances the working adaptability and reliability of the stack in a wide power range and harsh temperature environment. 2. The high-stability fuel cell stack module, through the decoupling control of the air regulating mechanism, the flow of reaction air is accurately optimized, avoiding excessive loss of water on the cathode side, which is conducive to maintaining the water balance inside the membrane electrode. At the same time, the independent cooling system ensures the optimal working temperature, which together provides protection for the reverse diffusion of water (from the cathode side with more water to the anode side with less water), thereby realizing efficient self-humidification function, ensuring that the proton exchange membrane is in a fully humidified healthy state, effectively reducing the proton conduction resistance, improving the performance of single cells, while reducing the dependence on complex external humidification systems, simplifying the system and prolonging the service life of the core components of the stack. 3. The high-stability fuel cell stack module, the positioning mechanism cooperates with the top plate with inverted V-shaped slot and sliding rod linkage mechanism through the U-shaped hoop, not only providing circumferential clamping force, but also actively applying radial clamping force to the lateral clamping groove of the stack assembly during tightening, thereby realizing bidirectional locking effect, effectively suppressing the shear misalignment between components caused by vibration and impact during vehicle operation, effectively improving the mechanical stability and anti-vibration capability of the stack module, and ensuring the long-term sealing reliability and structural integrity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the device according to the present application; Figure 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the device according to the present application; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate according to the present application; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the anode surface of the bipolar plate according to the present application; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bipolar plate according to the present application; Figure 6 is an enlarged view of position A in the device according to the present application; Figure 5 Figure 7 ​The positioning mechanism of the application is a front view cross-section structure diagram; Figure 8 The vertical rod and top plate of the application are in a split state, and the three-dimensional structure diagram is shown in the figure; Figure 9 The air control mechanism of the application is a front view three-dimensional structure diagram; Figure 10 The air control mechanism of the application is a front view three-dimensional structure diagram; Figure 9 The enlarged structure diagram of the middle B is shown in the figure.

[0015] In the figure: 1, lower end plate; 2, lower insulating plate; 3, battery stack module; 301, bipolar plate; 302, cooling flow channel; 303, air flow channel; 304, hydrogen flow channel; 305, shunt; 306, support rod; 307, conical shunt plate; 308, sealing plate; 309, membrane electrode; 310, catalyst layer; 4, upper insulating plate; 5, upper end plate; 501, temperature sensor; 502, hydrogen joint; 6, positioning mechanism; 601, U-shaped hoop; 602, rubber pad; 603, vertical rod; 604, spring; 605, inverted V-shaped groove; 606, sliding rod; 607, top plate; 7, air control mechanism; 701, shunt box; 702, partition; 703, first air inlet; 704, first electromagnetic valve; 705, second air inlet; 706, second electromagnetic valve; 707, micro electric cylinder; 708, mounting plate; 709, lower baffle; 710, connecting rod; 711, side baffle; 712, guide rod; 713, air outlet check valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the application.

[0017] Please refer to Figures 1-10 The application provides a technical solution: a high-stability fuel cell stack module, comprising a lower end plate 1, a lower insulating plate 2, a battery stack module 3, an upper insulating plate 4, and an upper end plate 5. The lower end plate 1 is provided with the lower insulating plate 2 on the upper end face, the lower insulating plate 2 is in contact with the lower end face of the battery stack module 3, the upper end face of the battery stack module 3 is in contact with the upper insulating plate 4, and the upper end plate 5 is installed on the upper end face of the upper insulating plate 4. Positioning mechanism 6 is used to realize the clamping and fixing of the lower end plate 1, the lower insulation plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulation plate 4 and the upper end plate 5, and to place the lower end plate 1, the lower insulation plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulation plate 4 and the upper end plate 5 out of position, and two positioning mechanisms 6 are sleeved outside the lower end plate 1, the lower insulation plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulation plate 4 and the upper end plate 5; Air control mechanism 7 is used to realize the automatic control and distribution of reaction air and cooling air, and the air control mechanism 7 is installed on the upper end plate 5.

[0018] When using the high-stability fuel cell stack module, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , first, the lower end plate 1, the lower insulation plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulation plate 4 and the upper end plate 5 are stacked and assembled from bottom to top, and after assembly, the positioning mechanism 6 is used to realize the installation and fixation of the whole device by cooperating with the upper side slot of the lower end plate 1, the lower insulation plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulation plate 4 and the upper end plate 5. The positioning mechanism 6 includes a U-shaped hoop 601 sleeved outside the lower end plate 1, the lower insulation plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulation plate 4 and the upper end plate 5, and a rubber pad 602 is fixed on the U-shaped hoop 601, and a vertical rod 603 is symmetrically and slidingly connected on the U-shaped hoop 601, and a spring 604 is fixed between the vertical rod 603 and the U-shaped hoop 601; The vertical rod 603 is uniformly provided with a reverse V-shaped groove 605, and the reverse V-shaped groove 605 is slidingly connected with a sliding rod 606, and the sliding rod 606 is fixed on a top plate 607 at equal intervals, and the top plate 607 is slidingly connected with the U-shaped hoop 601, and the top plate 607 is in contact with the lower end plate 1, the lower insulation plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulation plate 4 and the upper end plate 5 to realize the positioning function; When locking the device, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, firstly, the two U-shaped clamps 601 are fitted into the side slots of the lower end plate 1, lower insulating plate 2, battery stack module 3, upper insulating plate 4, and upper end plate 5, and then locked with bolts. When the U-shaped clamps 601 are fitted into the side slots of the lower end plate 1, lower insulating plate 2, battery stack module 3, upper insulating plate 4, and upper end plate 5, the top plate 607 is retracted within the U-shaped clamps 601, making the width of the U-shaped clamps 601 less than... The slot width facilitates the installation of the U-shaped clamp 601. During the locking process of the two U-shaped clamps 601 with bolts, when the top plates 607 on the upper and lower U-shaped clamps 601 contact, the bolt locking action causes the top plates 607 to slide inwards into the U-shaped clamps 601, and the spring 604 contracts under force. Combined with the sliding action between the inverted V-shaped groove 605 and the slide rod 606, the top plates 607 slide outwards from the U-shaped clamps 601. Furthermore, at this time, the distance between the upper and lower U-shaped clamps 601 decreases synchronously. When the rubber pad 602 on the upper U-shaped clamp 601 contacts the upper end plate 5 and the rubber pad 602 on the lower U-shaped clamp 601 contacts the lower end plate 1, the top plate 607 does not contact the side wall of the slot. By continuing to tighten the bolts, the rubber pad 602 contracts under its own elasticity and exerts pressure on the lower end plate 1 or the upper end plate 5 until the top plate 607 contacts the side wall of the slot to achieve positioning, thereby completing the locking function of the entire device. The U-shaped clamps 601 can achieve the peripheral clamping function of the device. Through the pressing action of the top plate 607 against the side wall of the slot, the left and right limiting functions of the lower end plate 1, the lower insulating plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulating plate 4, and the upper end plate 5 can be achieved, thereby effectively avoiding misalignment between the lower end plate 1, the lower insulating plate 2, the battery stack module 3, the upper insulating plate 4, and the upper end plate 5, ensuring the stable operation of the subsequent device. The battery stack module 3 includes a bipolar plate 301 in contact with the lower insulating plate 2. A cooling channel 302 is formed within the bipolar plate 301, and an air channel 303 is formed on the inner side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate 301. Simultaneously, a hydrogen flow channel 304 is formed on the inner side of the anode surface of the bipolar plate 301. The air channel 303 and the hydrogen flow channel 304 communicate with a shunt port 305 uniformly formed on the bipolar plate 301. A support rod 306 is fixed at equal angles within the shunt port 305. 306 is fixed to the conical splitter plate 307, and the conical splitter plate 307 and the splitter port 305 are distributed in a one-to-one correspondence; sealing plates 308 are installed between the bipolar plate 301 and the membrane electrode 309, and catalyst layers 310 are symmetrically arranged on the membrane electrode 309; a temperature sensor 501 is installed in the middle opening on the left side of the upper end plate 5, and a hydrogen connector 502 is installed at the rear opening on the left side of the upper end plate 5; the air control mechanism 7 includes components fixed to the upper end plate. 5. A diverter box 701 is located on the upper right side, and a partition 702 is fixed inside the diverter box 701. A first air inlet 703 is installed on the rear side of the diverter box 701, and a first solenoid valve 704 is fixed on the first air inlet 703. A second air inlet 705 is installed on the front side of the diverter box 701, and a second solenoid valve 706 is installed on the second air inlet 705. A miniature electric cylinder 707 is fixed inside the diverter box 701, and a mounting plate is fixed at the output end of the miniature electric cylinder 707. The mounting plate 708 has a lower baffle 709 fixed at its lower end. The mounting plate 708 is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod 710, and the other end of the connecting rod 710 is rotatably connected to the side baffle 711. A guide rod 712 is fixed on the side baffle 711, and the guide rod 712 is slidably connected to the partition 702. The side baffle 711 cooperates with the exhaust one-way valve 713 to achieve sealing, and the exhaust one-way valve 713 is installed on the partition 702. After the device is assembled, such as Figures 1-10 As shown, the device operates in several ways: During low-power operation: Hydrogen is introduced through a hydrogen delivery pump and conduit via hydrogen connector 502. The hydrogen then enters the hydrogen flow channel 304 through the upper end plate 5, upper insulating plate 4, and the rear opening on the bipolar plate 301, and exits through the diverter port 305 to contact the catalyst layer 310. The diversion effect of the conical diverter plate 307 further disperses the hydrogen, ensuring uniform contact between the hydrogen and the catalyst layer 310, thereby generating protons and electrons. Electrons flow through the external circuit to the cathode of the bipolar plate 301, generating direct current. At this time, the second solenoid valve 706 opens, and the first solenoid valve 704 closes. Air enters the diverter box 701 through the first air delivery pump, conduit, second air inlet 705, and second solenoid valve 706. Simultaneously, the micro-cylinder 707 retracts a certain distance according to the power, causing the mounting plate 708 to move under force, thereby driving the lower baffle 709. The lower baffle 709 moves to block the rear opening of the distribution box 701, thereby controlling the airflow in the cooling channel 302. When the mounting plate 708 moves, the connecting rod 710 moves the side baffle 711, releasing the partial obstruction of the outlet check valve 713. This allows some air to enter the front space of the distribution box 701 and then enter the air channel 303 through the pipe. The air in the air channel 303 is discharged to the cathode side of the bipolar plate 301 through the distribution port 305. With the diversion effect of the conical distribution plate 307, the air can be evenly dispersed. At this time, electrons combine with oxygen in the air at the cathode position to produce water. The air entering the cooling channel 302 can also dissipate heat from the device, ensuring its normal operation. At this time, the airflow in the air channel 303 is less than the airflow in the cooling channel 302. When operating at half the rated power: Hydrogen is introduced through a hydrogen delivery pump and conduit via hydrogen connector 502. At this time, hydrogen enters the hydrogen flow channel 304 through the upper end plate 5, upper insulating plate 4, and the rear opening on the bipolar plate 301, and exits through the diversion port 305, contacting the catalyst layer 310. Combined with the diversion effect of the conical diversion plate 307, hydrogen dispersion is further achieved, ensuring uniform contact between hydrogen and the catalyst layer 310, thereby generating protons and electrons. Electrons flow to the cathode of the bipolar plate 301 through the external circuit, generating direct current. Meanwhile, the second solenoid valve 706 opens, and the first... When the solenoid valve 704 is closed, air enters the distribution box 701 through the first air delivery pump, the conduit, the second air inlet 705, and the second solenoid valve 706. At this time, the micro electric cylinder 707 retracts a certain distance according to the power, causing the mounting plate 708 to move under force, thereby driving the lower baffle 709 to move. This causes the lower baffle 709 to block half of the rear opening of the distribution box 701. At this time, the side baffle 711 opens half of the outlet check valve 713. That is, at this time, the air flow rate in the air channel 303 is equal to the air flow rate in the cooling channel 302, so as to ensure the normal operation and heat dissipation of the device. When operating at more than half of its rated power: Hydrogen is introduced through a hydrogen delivery pump and conduit via hydrogen connector 502. The hydrogen then enters the hydrogen flow channel 304 through the upper end plate 5, upper insulating plate 4, and the rear opening of the bipolar plate 301, and exits through the diverter port 305, contacting the catalyst layer 310. Combined with the diversion effect of the conical diverter plate 307, this further disperses the hydrogen, ensuring uniform contact between the hydrogen and the catalyst layer 310, thereby generating protons and electrons. The electrons flow through the external circuit to the cathode of the bipolar plate 301, generating direct current. At this time, the second solenoid valve 706 opens, and the first solenoid valve 704 opens. The micro-cylinder 707 extends to its maximum position, completely releasing the lower baffle 709 from obstructing the rear opening of the diverter box 701. Simultaneously, the side baffle 711 completely covers the outlet check valve 713. The system ensures that all air entering the distribution box 701 through the first air delivery pump, conduit, second air inlet 705, and second solenoid valve 706 is directed into the cooling channel 302 for heat dissipation. Meanwhile, air entering the distribution box 701 through the first air delivery pump, conduit, first air inlet 703, and first solenoid valve 704 is directed into the air channel 303 for reaction. This ensures stable operation and heat dissipation of the device. Furthermore, the air used for reaction is completely isolated from the heat dissipation air pipeline, achieving decoupling control between the reaction air and the heat dissipation air. This avoids the introduction of excessive dry air for heat dissipation, greatly helping to maintain a high humidity on the cathode side. This creates excellent conditions for the reverse diffusion of water, enabling efficient self-humidification and ensuring that the membrane electrode 309 is fully wetted. This effectively reduces the proton conduction resistance, thereby effectively improving battery performance.

[0019] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0020] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly stable fuel cell stack module, comprising a lower end plate (1), a lower insulating plate (2), a fuel cell stack module (3), an upper insulating plate (4), and an upper end plate (5), characterized in that: The lower end plate (1) is equipped with a lower insulating plate (2) on its upper end surface. The lower insulating plate (2) is in contact with the lower end surface of the battery stack module (3). The upper end surface of the battery stack module (3) is in contact with the upper insulating plate (4). The upper end plate (5) is installed on the upper end surface of the upper insulating plate (4). The positioning mechanism (6) is used to clamp and fix the lower end plate (1), lower insulating plate (2), battery stack module (3), upper insulating plate (4) and upper end plate (5), and simultaneously place the lower end plate (1), lower insulating plate (2), battery stack module (3), upper insulating plate (4) and upper end plate (5) to cause misalignment. The two positioning mechanisms (6) are looped around the outside of the lower end plate (1), lower insulating plate (2), battery stack module (3), upper insulating plate (4) and upper end plate (5). An air control mechanism (7) is used to realize the automatic control and diversion of reaction air and cooling air. The air control mechanism (7) is installed on the upper end plate (5).

2. The high-stability fuel cell stack module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery stack module (3) includes a bipolar plate (301) in contact with the lower insulating plate (2), and a cooling channel (302) is provided in the bipolar plate (301). An air channel (303) is provided on the inner side of the cathode surface of the bipolar plate (301), and a hydrogen flow channel (304) is provided on the inner side of the anode surface of the bipolar plate (301). The air channel (303), the hydrogen flow channel (304) are connected to the shunt ports (305) uniformly opened on the bipolar plate (301).

3. The high-stability fuel cell stack module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diversion port (305) is fixed with support rods (306) at equal angles, and the support rods (306) are fixed to the conical diversion plate (307), and the conical diversion plate (307) and the diversion port (305) are distributed in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. A high-stability fuel cell stack module according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing plate (308) is installed between the bipolar plate (301) and the membrane electrode (309), and a catalyst layer (310) is symmetrically arranged on the membrane electrode (309).

5. The high-stability fuel cell stack module and its preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (501) is installed in the middle opening on the left side of the upper end plate (5), and a hydrogen connector (502) is installed in the opening at the rear left side of the upper end plate (5).

6. A high-stability fuel cell stack module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (6) includes a U-shaped hoop (601) that is looped around the lower end plate (1), the lower insulating plate (2), the battery stack module (3), the upper insulating plate (4) and the upper end plate (5), and a rubber pad (602) is fixed on the U-shaped hoop (601), and a vertical rod (603) is symmetrically slidably connected to the U-shaped hoop (601), while a spring (604) is fixed between the vertical rod (603) and the U-shaped hoop (601).

7. A high-stability fuel cell stack module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical rod (603) is evenly provided with inverted V-shaped grooves (605), and the inverted V-shaped grooves (605) are slidably connected to the sliding rods (606). The sliding rods (606) are fixed at equal intervals on the top plate (607). At the same time, the top plate (607) is slidably connected to the U-shaped hoop (601). The top plate (607) contacts the lower end plate (1), the lower insulating plate (2), the battery stack module (3), the upper insulating plate (4), and the upper end plate (5) to achieve positioning.

8. A high-stability fuel cell stack module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air control mechanism (7) includes a diversion box (701) fixed on the upper right side of the upper end plate (5), and a partition (702) is fixed inside the diversion box (701). A first air inlet (703) is installed on the rear side of the diversion box (701), and a first solenoid valve (704) is fixed on the first air inlet (703). A second air inlet (705) is installed on the front side of the diversion box (701), and a second solenoid valve (706) is installed on the second air inlet (705).

9. A high-stability fuel cell stack module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diversion box (701) is fixed with a miniature electric cylinder (707), and the output end of the miniature electric cylinder (707) is fixed with a mounting plate (708). The lower end of the mounting plate (708) is fixed with a lower baffle (709). The mounting plate (708) is rotatably connected to one end of the connecting rod (710), and the other end of the connecting rod (710) is rotatably connected to the side baffle (711). The side baffle (711) is fixed with a guide rod (712), and the guide rod (712) is slidably connected to the partition (702). The side baffle (711) cooperates with the exhaust one-way valve (713) to achieve sealing, and the exhaust one-way valve (713) is installed on the partition (702).

10. A method for preparing a fuel cell stack module, which is applied to the high-stability fuel cell stack module described in claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Machining independent cooling channels (302), air channels (303), and hydrogen channels (304) on the bipolar plate (301), opening a flow divider (305) that penetrates the air channel (303) and hydrogen channel (304) at the corresponding positions, and welding a fixed support rod (306) and a conical flow divider plate (307) onto the flow divider (305). Step 2: Place the bottommost bipolar plate (301) on the lower insulating plate (2) above the lower end plate (1), and arrange the sealing plate (308) and membrane electrode (309) from bottom to top, so that the bipolar plate (301), sealing plate (308), membrane electrode (309) and sealing plate (308) form a group. Stack several groups according to actual needs. Finally, make the upper insulating plate (4) below the upper end plate (5) contact the topmost bipolar plate (301) to complete the stacking assembly. Step 3: After the stacking assembly is completed, the lower end plate (1), lower insulation plate (2), battery stack module (3), upper insulation plate (4) and upper end plate (5) are locked by two sets of U-shaped hoops (601) and bolts. During the locking process, the top plate (607) can be used to tighten the top plate, effectively preventing misalignment between the lower end plate (1), lower insulation plate (2), battery stack module (3), upper insulation plate (4) and upper end plate (5). Step 4: Install the temperature sensor (501), hydrogen connector (502), and air control mechanism (7); Step 5: Finally, install the entire device inside the battery casing.

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