Aluminum air battery and preparation method thereof
By pretreatment, assembly, and in-situ activation of aluminum-air batteries, the problem of aluminum anodic oxide film hindering contact between aluminum and electrolyte was solved, thereby improving the battery's discharge performance and energy efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511698376.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing aluminum-air batteries, a dense oxide film easily forms on the surface of the aluminum anode, which hinders the full contact between aluminum and electrolyte, resulting in reduced battery discharge performance and energy efficiency.
The battery uses a combination of aluminum anode substrate, trichloroethylene, degreasing acid etching solution, alkaline etching solution, copper foil, diffusion layer, catalyst layer, electrolyte, polytetrafluoroethylene film and battery casing. Through pretreatment, assembly and in-situ activation treatment, the oxide film is removed and its reformation is prevented, ensuring full contact between aluminum and electrolyte.
It improves the discharge performance and energy efficiency of aluminum-air batteries, ensures the smooth progress of aluminum oxidation reaction, and prevents the reformation of oxide film.
Smart Images
Figure CN121507230A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery, in particular to an aluminum-air battery and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the aggravation of environmental pollution and energy consumption, the demand for clean and renewable energy is becoming more and more urgent. Among various metal-air batteries, aluminum-air battery is widely concerned due to its low cost, light weight, non-toxicity, non-pollution, high safety and recyclability, and is a promising energy storage device.
[0003] The aluminum-air battery realizes the storage and release of electric energy through the oxidation reaction of the aluminum anode and the oxygen reduction reaction of the air electrode, and the activity directly determines the discharge performance and energy efficiency of the battery.
[0004] In the existing aluminum-air battery, a dense oxide film is easily formed on the surface of the aluminum anode, which hinders the full contact of aluminum with electrolyte, reduces the activity of the aluminum anode, and further affects the discharge performance and energy efficiency of the battery. SUMMARY
[0005] The present application aims to provide an aluminum-air battery and a preparation method thereof, which solves the technical problem that in the prior art, a dense oxide film is easily formed on the surface of the aluminum anode, which hinders the full contact of aluminum with electrolyte, reduces the activity of the aluminum anode, and further affects the discharge performance and energy efficiency of the battery.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the aluminum-air battery used in the present application comprises the following materials: aluminum anode substrate, trichloroethylene, degreasing acid etching solution, alkali etching solution, copper foil, diffusion layer, catalytic layer, electrolyte, polytetrafluoroethylene film and battery shell.
[0007] The present application also provides a preparation method of an aluminum-air battery, comprising the following steps: (1) obtaining an aluminum anode substrate and pretreating the surface of the aluminum anode substrate; (2) preparing an air electrode; (3) preparing an electrolyte, obtaining concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water and acid-resistant container material, slowly adding the concentrated sulfuric acid into the acid-resistant container with the distilled water and stirring; (4) assembling the aluminum anode, air electrode and electrolyte in sequence to obtain an aluminum-air battery; (5) in-situ activation treatment of the assembled aluminum-air battery; (6) comprehensive evaluation and adjustment of the performance of the aluminum-air battery, and packaging treatment of the aluminum-air battery.
[0008] In the step (1) of obtaining the aluminum anode substrate and pretreating the surface of the aluminum anode substrate: The aluminum anode is immersed in a trichloroethylene cleaning solution with a concentration of 99%, and the immersion time is 30-60 min. The aluminum anode surface is gently brushed with a soft brush. The aluminum anode is rinsed multiple times with deionized water, and an oil-stained and impurity-free aluminum anode is obtained. The surface of the aluminum anode is mechanically polished, and the grit size of the sandpaper is 800-1200 mesh. Prepare the degreasing acid etching solution, immerse the aluminum anode in the degreasing acid etching solution, and soak at a temperature of 40-60°C for 10-20 min. The further degreasing acid etching solution preparation method is: 15% sulfuric acid (volume ratio), and the balance is water.
[0009] Prepare the alkali etching solution, immerse the acid-etched aluminum anode in the alkali etching solution immediately, and soak at room temperature for 5-10 min. After the alkali etching is completed, the aluminum anode is rinsed multiple times with deionized water.
[0010] The further alkali etching solution preparation method is: 5% sodium hydroxide (volume ratio), 2% sodium silicate, and the balance is water.
[0011] In the step (2) of preparing the air electrode: Select copper foil as the current collector material, cut it to the required size, and perform surface roughening treatment on the current collector. Immerse the current collector in an etching solution containing ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, with a mass ratio of ferric chloride to hydrochloric acid of 1:1, and etch for 3-5 min, Rinse the current collector with deionized water and dry for later use. Prepare the diffusion layer slurry, uniformly coat the diffusion layer slurry on both sides of the current collector using the screen printing method to form the first and second diffusion layers, and place the coated current collector in an oven for drying at a temperature of 80-100°C for 2-3 h. The diffusion layer slurry is composed of 80% conductive carbon powder, 10% binder, and 10% N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent, and the coating thickness is controlled at 10-20 μm. Prepare the catalyst layer by uniformly spraying the spinning solution on the first diffusion layer, with a spraying thickness controlled at 5-10 μm, and place the sprayed sample in a vacuum drying oven for drying. The spinning solution is composed of 10% catalyst, 10% polymer, and 80% dimethylformamide solvent. Select a polytetrafluoroethylene film as the waterproof and breathable film, cut it to the same size as the current collector, place the waterproof and breathable film flat on the second diffusion layer, and use a roller press to roll the current collector with the waterproof and breathable film placed on it to obtain the air electrode.
[0012] In the step (3) of configuring the electrolyte, obtaining concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water, and acid-resistant container materials, slowly add the concentrated sulfuric acid into the acid-resistant container with distilled water and stir to mix. Obtain concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water, and acid-resistant container materials; Slowly add the concentrated sulfuric acid into the acid-resistant container with distilled water, and continuously stir slowly using a glass rod to obtain a 30%~40% electrolyte concentration.
[0013] The further configured sulfuric acid concentration is: In the step (4) of assembling the aluminum anode, air electrode, and electrolyte in order to obtain an aluminum-air battery: Carefully place the surface-treated aluminum anode at the bottom of the battery case; Place the prepared air electrode above the aluminum anode, with the catalytic layer of the air electrode facing the aluminum anode, and the waterproof and breathable membrane facing outward. Use insulation tape to fix the position of the air electrode to prevent it from moving during battery use; Slowly inject the prepared electrolyte into the battery case using a syringe until the aluminum anode and part of the air electrode are completely immersed; Install the battery cover and seal the battery using sealing glue or rubber gasket.
[0014] In the step (5) of in-situ activation treatment of the assembled aluminum-air battery: According to the characteristics of the aluminum-air battery, place the assembled aluminum-air battery in an electrochemical workstation and perform multiple tests according to the set parameters; During the discharge test, monitor the voltage, current, and temperature changes of the battery in real time and record the relevant data.
[0015] In the step (6) of comprehensive evaluation and adjustment of the performance of the aluminum-air battery and packaging treatment of the aluminum-air battery: Comprehensively evaluate the performance of the aluminum-air battery, including battery capacity, energy density, power density, discharge efficiency, and cycle life; According to the performance evaluation results, make targeted adjustments to the aluminum-air battery, and perform performance tests again on the adjusted battery to verify the adjustment effect until the battery performance meets the requirements, including capacity, internal resistance, open-circuit voltage, and discharge efficiency; Select a metal shell as the packaging material, and package the aluminum-air battery with the metal shell, and perform appearance inspection on the packaged battery.
[0016] The application discloses an aluminum-air battery and a preparation method thereof, which adopts an aluminum anode base material, trichloroethylene, a degreasing acid etching solution, an alkali etching solution, a copper foil, a diffusion layer, a catalytic layer, an electrolyte, a polytetrafluoroethylene film and a battery shell to perform the following steps: obtaining the aluminum anode base material, pretreating the surface of the aluminum anode base material, preparing an air electrode, preparing the electrolyte by slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid into an acid-resistant container with distilled water for stirring and mixing, assembling the aluminum anode, the air electrode and the electrolyte in sequence to obtain the aluminum-air battery, performing in-situ activation treatment on the assembled aluminum-air battery, comprehensively evaluating and adjusting the performance of the aluminum-air battery, and performing packaging treatment on the aluminum-air battery, wherein the above process can remove the oxide film and effectively prevent the oxide film from being formed again, does not cause corrosion to the aluminum base body, realizes removal of the aluminum oxide film and effective prevention of the aluminum oxide film from being formed again in the aluminum anode, enables the aluminum to fully contact with the electrolyte, smoothly performs the oxidation reaction of the aluminum, and improves the discharge performance and energy efficiency of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.
[0018] Figure 1 is a step flow chart of the preparation method of the aluminum-air battery of the present application.
[0019] Figure 2 is a step flow chart of S100 of the present application.
[0020] Figure 3 is a step flow chart of S200 of the present application.
[0021] Figure 4 is a step flow chart of S300 of the present application.
[0022] Figure 5 is a step flow chart of S400 of the present application.
[0023] Figure 6 is a step flow chart of S500 of the present application.
[0024] Figure 7 is a step flow chart of S600 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the attached drawings. In the following description, like reference numerals refer to like elements, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The following exemplary embodiments described herein represent the best now known to the inventors of various modes of carrying out the application. Any disclaimers of subject matter that is or can be prior art should not necessarily be construed to limit the embodiments of the application.
[0026] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.
[0027] It is to be understood that the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It is to be further understood that the terms "comprise", "comprising", "comprises", "including", "includes" or "contain" or "containing" when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, or components but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or groups thereof. It is to be understood that the terms "if' and "as if' as used herein can be interpreted either as "when" or "when a" or "in response to determining".
[0028] The present application provides an aluminum-air battery comprising the following materials: aluminum anode substrate, trichloroethylene, degreasing acid etching solution, alkali etching solution, copper foil, diffusion layer, catalytic layer, electrolyte, polytetrafluoroethylene film and battery shell.
[0029] Referring to Figures 1-7 The present application also provides a preparation method of an aluminum-air battery comprising the following steps: S100: obtaining an aluminum anode substrate and pretreating the surface of the aluminum anode substrate.
[0030] In the present embodiment, the aluminum anode substrate is obtained and the surface of the aluminum anode substrate is pretreated, and the specific process is as follows: S101: immersing the aluminum anode in a trichloroethylene cleaning solution with a concentration of 99%, the immersion time being 30-60 min, gently brushing the surface of the aluminum anode with a soft brush, and washing the aluminum anode with deionized water for multiple times to obtain an aluminum anode free of oil stains and impurities, and mechanically polishing the surface of the aluminum anode, with sandpaper with a particle size of 800-1200 mesh being used for polishing in sequence; S102: Prepare a degreasing acid etching solution, immerse the aluminum anode in the degreasing acid etching solution, soak for 10-20 min at a temperature of 40-60℃, prepare an alkali etching solution, quickly immerse the aluminum anode after acid etching in the alkali etching solution, soak for 5-10 min at room temperature, and after the alkali etching is completed, rinse the aluminum anode with deionized water multiple times.
[0031] In the above process, first, the aluminum anode is immersed in a trichloroethylene cleaning solution with a concentration of 99%, and the immersion time is 30-60 min. The aluminum anode surface is gently brushed with a soft brush. The aluminum anode is rinsed multiple times with deionized water, obtaining an aluminum anode free of oil stains and impurities. The aluminum anode surface is mechanically polished, and the sandpaper is selected to have a particle size of 800-1200 mesh and is polished in sequence. Then, a degreasing acid etching solution is prepared, the aluminum anode is immersed in the degreasing acid etching solution, and soaked for 10-20 min at a temperature of 40-60℃. An alkali etching solution is prepared, the aluminum anode after acid etching is quickly immersed in the alkali etching solution, and soaked for 5-10 min at room temperature. After the alkali etching is completed, the aluminum anode is rinsed with deionized water multiple times.
[0032] S200: Prepare an air electrode.
[0033] In this embodiment, an air electrode is prepared, and the specific process is as follows: S201: Select copper foil as the current collector material, cut it to the required size, and perform surface roughening treatment on the current collector. The current collector is immersed in an etching solution containing ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, the mass ratio of ferric chloride to hydrochloric acid in the etching solution is 1:1, the etching time is 3-5 min, the current collector is rinsed with deionized water, and is dried for standby use; S202: Prepare a diffusion layer slurry, uniformly coat the diffusion layer slurry on both sides of the current collector by using a silk screen printing method, form a first diffusion layer and a second diffusion layer, and place the coated current collector into an oven for drying. The diffusion layer slurry is composed of 80% conductive carbon powder, 10% binder, and 10% N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent. The coating thickness is controlled to be 10-20 μm. The drying is performed at a temperature of 80-100℃ for 2-3 h. S203: Prepare a catalyst layer, uniformly spray a spinning solution on the first diffusion layer, and control the spraying thickness to be 5-10 μm. Place the sprayed sample into a vacuum drying oven for drying. The spinning solution is composed of 10% catalyst, 10% polymer, and 80% dimethylformamide solvent. S204: Select a polytetrafluoroethylene film as a waterproof and breathable film, cut the waterproof and breathable film to the same size as the current collector, place the waterproof and breathable film flat on the second diffusion layer, and use a roller press to roll the current collector with the placed waterproof and breathable film, obtaining an air electrode.
[0034] In the above process, first, copper foil is selected as the current collector material, cut to the required size, and the current collector is subjected to surface roughening treatment, the current collector is immersed in an etching solution containing ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, the mass ratio of ferric chloride to hydrochloric acid in the etching solution is 1:1, the etching time is 3-5 min, the current collector is rinsed with deionized water, and dried for standby; then the diffusion layer slurry is prepared, the diffusion layer slurry is uniformly coated on both sides of the current collector by screen printing to form a first diffusion layer and a second diffusion layer, and the coated current collector is placed in an oven for drying, dried at a temperature of 80-100℃ for 2-3h, the diffusion layer slurry is composed of 80% conductive carbon powder, 10% binder and 10% N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent, and the coating thickness is controlled at 10-20μm; then the catalyst layer is prepared, the spinning solution is uniformly sprayed on the first diffusion layer, the spraying thickness is controlled at 5-10μm, and the sprayed sample is placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying, the spinning solution is composed of 10% catalyst, 10% polymer and 80% dimethylformamide solvent; then a polytetrafluoroethylene film is selected as a waterproof and breathable film, the waterproof and breathable film is cut to the same size as the current collector, the waterproof and breathable film is placed flat on the second diffusion layer, and a roller press is used to roll the current collector with the waterproof and breathable film placed thereon to obtain an air electrode.
[0035] S300: configuring electrolyte, obtaining concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water and acid-resistant container material, slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid into the acid-resistant container with distilled water and stirring.
[0036] In the embodiment, the electrolyte is configured, the concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water and acid-resistant container material are obtained, and the concentrated sulfuric acid is slowly added into the acid-resistant container with distilled water and stirred, and the specific process is as follows: S301: obtaining concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water and acid-resistant container material; S302: slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid into the acid-resistant container with distilled water, and continuously stirring with a glass rod to obtain 30%-40% electrolyte concentration.
[0037] In the above process, first, the concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water and acid-resistant container material are obtained, then the concentrated sulfuric acid is slowly added into the acid-resistant container with distilled water, and continuously stirred with a glass rod to obtain 30%-40% electrolyte concentration.
[0038] S400: assembling the aluminum anode, the air electrode and the electrolyte in sequence to obtain an aluminum-air battery.
[0039] In the embodiment, the aluminum anode, the air electrode and the electrolyte are assembled in sequence to obtain an aluminum-air battery, and the specific process is as follows: S401: carefully placing the aluminum anode subjected to surface treatment at the bottom of the battery shell; S402: Place the prepared air electrode above the aluminum anode, with the catalytic layer of the air electrode facing the aluminum anode and the waterproof and breathable membrane facing outward. Use insulating tape to fix the position of the air electrode to prevent it from moving during battery use. S403: Slowly inject the prepared electrolyte into the battery shell using a syringe until the aluminum anode and part of the air electrode are completely immersed. S404: Install the battery cover and seal the battery using sealant or rubber gaskets.
[0040] In the above process, first, the surface-treated aluminum anode is carefully placed at the bottom of the battery shell. Then, the prepared air electrode is placed above the aluminum anode, with the catalytic layer of the air electrode facing the aluminum anode and the waterproof and breathable membrane facing outward. Insulating tape is used to fix the position of the air electrode to prevent it from moving during battery use. Next, the prepared electrolyte is slowly injected into the battery shell using a syringe until the aluminum anode and part of the air electrode are completely immersed. Finally, the battery cover is installed and the battery is sealed using sealant or rubber gaskets.
[0041] S500: In-situ activation treatment of the assembled aluminum-air battery.
[0042] In this embodiment, the assembled aluminum-air battery is subjected to in-situ activation treatment, and the specific process is as follows: S501: According to the characteristics of the aluminum-air battery, the assembled aluminum-air battery is placed in an electrochemical workstation and subjected to multiple tests according to the set parameters. S502: During the discharge test, the voltage, current, and temperature changes of the battery are monitored in real time, and the relevant data are recorded.
[0043] In the above process, first, the assembled aluminum-air battery is placed in an electrochemical workstation according to its characteristics and subjected to multiple tests according to the set parameters. Then, during the discharge test, the voltage, current, and temperature changes of the battery are monitored in real time, and the relevant data are recorded. Among them, according to the characteristics of the aluminum-air battery, the battery test is carried out in an electrochemical workstation. LSV polarization, constant current discharge, intermittent discharge, and step discharge tests are carried out respectively. The LSV polarization test voltage range is 0 V -2 V (vs. Hg / HgO). This test reflects the power density and polarization curve of the aluminum-air battery. The constant current discharge test is carried out at 20 mA cm -2 for 1 h, and the mass difference of the aluminum block before and after discharge is calculated to reflect the capacity density of the battery. The intermittent discharge test is first carried out at 20 mA cm -2After 60 min of constant current discharge, the voltage is tested for 20 min open circuit voltage, and the above is one cycle. Through the cycle test of the aluminum-air battery, it can be seen whether the discharge performance of the aluminum-air battery is stable. The step discharge test is to test the voltage stability of the aluminum-air battery at different currents of 1, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 mA cm -2 The test can show whether the aluminum-air battery can discharge stably at a large current.
[0044] S600: comprehensively evaluate and adjust the performance of the aluminum-air battery, and package the aluminum-air battery.
[0045] In the embodiment, the performance of the aluminum-air battery is comprehensively evaluated and adjusted, and the aluminum-air battery is packaged, and the specific process is as follows: S601: comprehensively evaluate the performance of the aluminum-air battery, including battery capacity, energy density, power density, discharge efficiency and cycle life; S602: according to the performance evaluation result, the aluminum-air battery is adjusted, and the performance of the adjusted battery is tested again to verify the adjustment effect, until the battery performance meets the requirements, including capacity, internal resistance, open circuit voltage and discharge efficiency; S603: select a metal shell as a packaging material, and package the aluminum-air battery with the metal shell, and perform appearance inspection on the packaged battery.
[0046] In the above process, first, the performance of the aluminum-air battery is comprehensively evaluated, including battery capacity, energy density, power density, discharge efficiency and cycle life; then, according to the performance evaluation result, the aluminum-air battery is adjusted, and the performance of the adjusted battery is tested again to verify the adjustment effect, until the battery performance meets the requirements; then, a metal shell is selected as a packaging material, and the aluminum-air battery is packaged with the metal shell, and appearance inspection is performed on the packaged battery.
[0047] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. It is intended that the application embrace any and all variations of the application that fall within the scope of the general inventive concept as defined in the claims and that the application include such variances notwithstanding such variances are not recited in the above description or illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
[0048] It should be understood that the application is not limited to the precise construction that has been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings and that various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application.
Claims
1. An aluminum-air battery, characterized in that, Includes the following materials: Aluminum anode substrate, trichloroethylene, degreasing acid etching solution, alkaline etching solution, copper foil, diffusion layer, catalyst layer, electrolyte, polytetrafluoroethylene film, and battery casing.
2. A method for preparing an aluminum-air battery, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the aluminum anode substrate and pretreat its surface; Preparation of air electrodes; Prepare the electrolyte by obtaining concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water, and acid-resistant container material. Slowly add the concentrated sulfuric acid to the acid-resistant container containing distilled water and stir to mix. An aluminum anode, an air electrode, and an electrolyte are assembled in sequence to obtain an aluminum-air battery. The assembled aluminum-air battery was then activated in situ. A comprehensive evaluation and adjustment of the various performance characteristics of the aluminum-air battery was conducted, and the aluminum-air battery was encapsulated.
3. The method for preparing an aluminum-air battery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the step of obtaining the aluminum anode substrate and pretreating its surface: Immerse the aluminum anode in a 99% trichloroethylene cleaning solution for 30-60 minutes. Gently brush the surface of the aluminum anode with a soft brush. Rinse the aluminum anode multiple times with deionized water to obtain an aluminum anode free of oil and impurities. Then, mechanically polish the surface of the aluminum anode using sandpaper with a grit of 800-1200 mesh. Prepare a degreasing acid etching solution, immerse the aluminum anode in the solution, and soak it at 40~60℃ for 10~20 minutes. Prepare an alkaline etching solution, quickly immerse the acid-etched aluminum anode in the alkaline etching solution, and soak it at room temperature for 5~10 minutes. After the alkaline etching is completed, rinse the aluminum anode multiple times with deionized water.
4. The method for preparing an aluminum-air battery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the steps of preparing the air electrode: Select copper foil as the current collector material, cut it to the required size, and roughen the surface of the current collector. Immerse the current collector in an etching solution containing ferric chloride and hydrochloric acid, with a mass ratio of ferric chloride to hydrochloric acid of 1:1 and an etching time of 3-5 minutes. Rinse the current collector with deionized water and dry it for later use. The diffusion layer slurry is prepared and uniformly coated on both sides of the current collector using screen printing to form the first diffusion layer and the second diffusion layer. The coated current collector is then placed in an oven to dry at 80-100℃ for 2-3 hours. The diffusion layer slurry is composed of 80% conductive carbon powder, 10% binder and 10% N-methylpyrrolidone solvent, and the coating thickness is controlled at 10-20μm. To prepare the catalyst layer, the spinning solution was uniformly sprayed onto the first diffusion layer, with the spraying thickness controlled at 5~10μm. The sprayed sample was then placed in a vacuum drying oven to dry. The spinning solution consisted of 10% catalyst, 10% polymer, and 80% dimethylformamide solvent. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane was selected as the waterproof and breathable membrane. The waterproof and breathable membrane was cut to the same size as the current collector. The waterproof and breathable membrane was placed flat on the second diffusion layer. The current collector with the waterproof and breathable membrane placed was rolled using a roller press to obtain the air electrode.
5. The method for preparing an aluminum-air battery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the step of preparing the electrolyte, obtaining concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water, and acid-resistant container material, and slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid to the acid-resistant container containing distilled water while stirring and mixing: To obtain concentrated sulfuric acid, distilled water, and acid-resistant container materials; Slowly add concentrated sulfuric acid to an acid-resistant container containing distilled water, and stir continuously and slowly with a glass rod to obtain an electrolyte concentration of 30% to 40%.
6. The method for preparing an aluminum-air battery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the step of assembling the aluminum anode, air electrode, and electrolyte in sequence to obtain an aluminum-air battery: Carefully place the surface-treated aluminum anodizing at the bottom of the battery casing; Place the prepared air electrode above the aluminum anode, with the catalytic layer of the air electrode facing the aluminum anode and the waterproof and breathable membrane facing outward. Fix the position of the air electrode with insulating tape to prevent it from moving during battery use. Use a syringe to slowly inject the prepared electrolyte into the battery case until the aluminum anode and part of the air electrode are completely submerged. Install the battery cover and seal the battery with sealant or a rubber gasket.
7. The method for preparing an aluminum-air battery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the in-situ activation process of the assembled aluminum-air battery: Based on the characteristics of aluminum-air batteries, the assembled aluminum-air battery was placed in an electrochemical workstation and tested multiple times according to the set parameters: During the discharge test, the battery's voltage, current, and temperature changes are monitored in real time, and relevant data are recorded.
8. The method for preparing an aluminum-air battery as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the process of comprehensively evaluating and adjusting the various performance aspects of aluminum-air batteries, and in the encapsulation process of aluminum-air batteries: A comprehensive evaluation of the performance of aluminum-air batteries was conducted, including battery capacity, energy density, power density, discharge efficiency, and cycle life. Based on the performance evaluation results, targeted adjustments were made to the aluminum-air battery, and the adjusted battery was tested again to verify the adjustment effect until the battery performance met the requirements, including capacity, internal resistance, open circuit voltage and discharge efficiency. A metal casing is selected as the packaging material. The aluminum-air battery will be encapsulated in the metal casing, and the encapsulated battery will undergo visual inspection.