High-power radio frequency acquisition system and acquisition method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power radio frequency acquisition system and method, the acquisition system comprises a load control terminal and a plurality of target data devices, the load control terminal is connected with a main relay module, the number of the target data devices is multiple, and all the target data devices are connected with the main relay module in a one-to-one manner. And the main relay module is wirelessly connected with all the intermediate relay modules so as to realize signal transmission between the load control terminal and all the target data equipment. The master relay module and the slave relay module have the same structure and comprise a controller and a wireless module, and the controller is connected with a load control terminal or target data equipment through an interface unit and is connected with the wireless module at the same time; and the processor is used for processing the received signal and controlling the interface unit or the wireless module to send a corresponding signal. According to the invention, remote multi-data-point synchronous acquisition can be realized, non-power-cut installation and debugging, low-cost safe operation and maintenance and strong anti-interference adaptation are realized, and load management of a modern electric power system is satisfied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system control technology, and in particular to a high-power radio frequency acquisition system and method for long-distance synchronous acquisition of multiple data points. The system is suitable for environments such as substations, switching stations, branch boxes, and distribution rooms where wiring is inconvenient and uninterrupted power supply is required. It can realize the synchronous transmission of information from multiple data points, including trade settlement metering points, load switches, and renewable energy grid-connected / off-grid metering points, meeting the precise data acquisition needs of demand-side load management and renewable energy grid connection / off-grid management. Background Technology

[0002] With the vigorous development of the State Grid and the widespread application of new energy sources (such as new energy vehicles and distributed photovoltaics), the demand for "long-distance multi-data-point synchronous acquisition" in the power system is becoming increasingly urgent. In existing load management and control systems, generally one load control terminal corresponds to one electricity meter, and communication between the load control terminal and the electricity meter is basically completed through the RS-485 interface. Traditional communication methods are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of current scenarios and have the following shortcomings: 1. Insufficient synchronous acquisition capability of multiple data points: Since the load control terminal communicates with the electricity meter one-to-one through the RS-485 interface, it can only realize single-point data acquisition. It cannot meet the synchronous acquisition requirements of "multiple trade settlement points + multiple load switches + multiple new energy metering points" in substations, switching stations and other scenarios, resulting in data integration delays and affecting the efficiency of power grid dispatching.

[0003] 2. Installation and commissioning depend on power outages, resulting in low power supply reliability: The RS-485 interface requires on-site wiring, and the user's power supply must be cut off during installation and subsequent commissioning. This not only increases the customer's power outage time (average single power outage of 4-8 hours) but also reduces the reliability of regional power supply, which is seriously inconsistent with the power service requirements of "non-stop operation".

[0004] 3. Lack of load and new energy management capabilities: In the scenario of concentrated charging of new energy vehicles during the evening peak, traditional methods cannot manage the distributed load switches in multiple rounds, resulting in regional power supply load imbalance; at the same time, the data collection of new energy (such as distributed photovoltaic) on-grid and off-grid is lagging behind, which cannot provide the power grid with accurate scheduling basis and exacerbates the supply and demand contradiction.

[0005] 4. High Cost and Safety Risks: RS-485 cabling requires extensive manual excavation and cable laying, with costs exceeding 10,000 yuan per kilometer. Outdoor cabling is susceptible to environmental corrosion and external damage, posing safety risks such as cable aging and leakage, which can affect normal communication and prevent the control terminal from managing and controlling the meter in a timely manner, resulting in unnecessary losses. Furthermore, the risk of electric shock increases significantly when traditional cabling is used in confined spaces such as power distribution rooms.

[0006] 5. Inability to withstand interference in harsh electromagnetic environments: Substations, switching stations and other similar environments have high electromagnetic radiation intensity. Traditional RF modules have weak interference resistance design, which can easily lead to signal loss and data errors, resulting in a data acquisition success rate of less than 80%.

[0007] While traditional high-power radio frequency acquisition repeater modules can partially replace RS-485 wiring, they still have the following limitations: 1. Limited signal processing capability: It only supports single-point signal amplification. When multiple data point signals are transmitted simultaneously, conflicts are prone to occur, resulting in a synchronization error of over 100ms. 2. Higher cost and energy consumption: Without targeted energy-saving design, energy consumption increases by more than 30% compared to traditional methods when running at multiple data points; 3. Requires power outage for deployment: It cannot be flexibly deployed in space-constrained scenarios such as power distribution rooms, and it does not support hot-plugging; installation and commissioning still require a power outage. 4. Insufficient anti-interference capability: In strong electromagnetic environments, the bit error rate of multi-data-point signals exceeds 5%, failing to meet the data accuracy requirements of power systems. In high-power radio frequency environments, the module is susceptible to external interference and may also interfere with surrounding electronic equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a high-power radio frequency acquisition system and acquisition method. This invention enables synchronous acquisition of multiple data points over long distances, and achieves uninterrupted installation and commissioning, low-cost and safe operation and maintenance, and strong anti-interference adaptation, thus meeting the needs of modern power system load management and new energy dispatch.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A high-power radio frequency acquisition system includes a load control terminal and target data devices. The load control terminal is connected to a main relay module. There are multiple target data devices, and each target data device is connected to a slave relay module one-to-one. The main relay module is wirelessly connected to all slave relay modules to realize signal transmission between the load control terminal and all target data devices. The master relay module and the slave relay module have the same structure, specifically including: The controller connects to the control terminal or target data device via an interface unit, and also connects to the wireless module; it is used to process the received signals and control the interface unit or wireless module to send corresponding signals. The wireless module includes an RF amplifier, an RF filter, and an antenna. The RF amplifier is used to adjust the gain of the signal to be transmitted and transmit it through the antenna to stabilize the output signal amplitude and avoid signal saturation. The RF filter is used to filter the signal received through the antenna to ensure the purity of the acquired signal and facilitate subsequent processing. A power module is used to power the controller and the wireless module.

[0010] Furthermore, the radio frequency filter is composed of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter and a crystal filter. The SAW filter achieves preliminary out-of-band noise suppression, and the crystal filter further filters out narrowband interference from the signal processed by the SAW filter.

[0011] Furthermore, the power module includes a DC-DC converter and a linear regulated power supply; the DC-DC converter is used to convert the rectified AC220V DC voltage into multiple voltage levels of different sizes required by the module; the linear regulated power supply is used to perform secondary voltage regulation on the RF amplifier to ensure power supply stability.

[0012] Furthermore, the power module integrates a live plug-in protection unit, which includes an overcurrent protection circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, and a surge protection circuit, enabling the main relay module and the slave relay module to be directly plugged into and unplugged from the AC220V power supply while energized.

[0013] Furthermore, the target data devices include electricity meters, load switches, and new energy metering points.

[0014] Furthermore, the interface unit includes an RS-485 communication interface unit and a pulse communication interface unit; the pulse communication interface unit is used to receive metering data from the energy meter in real time via physical pulse signals.

[0015] This invention also provides a high-power radio frequency acquisition method, based on the aforementioned high-power radio frequency acquisition system. The load control terminal sequentially acquires the power data of the target data device through the main relay module and the slave relay module. A change threshold is set for the acquired power data, and the relevant power data is uploaded only when the power data fluctuation exceeds the change threshold. The new energy metering point is the new energy charging pile; in addition to collecting the power data of the target data equipment, the load control terminal also controls the power on / off and power supply of the new energy charging pile through the main relay module and the slave relay module in sequence based on the collected power data; during peak charging periods, the load control command is transmitted in real time through the slave relay module to dynamically adjust the charging load.

[0016] Furthermore, the main relay module and each slave relay module constitute a node, and all nodes adopt a distributed self-organizing network architecture; each node monitors the signal strength of adjacent nodes in real time, selects the node with the strongest signal as the forwarding relay, and forms multiple transmission paths.

[0017] Furthermore, the main relay module and each slave relay module adopt linear frequency modulation spread spectrum technology to achieve signal orthogonality through different spread spectrum factors; in power data acquisition, the spread spectrum factor value is dynamically adjusted: low spread spectrum factor is used for devices near the gateway to shorten the air transmission time; high spread spectrum factor is used in remote or weak signal areas to improve anti-interference capability; The network server dynamically adjusts the spreading factor and transmit power of the terminal equipment based on the signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio reported by the gateway, in order to balance transmission distance and energy consumption and reduce channel occupancy time.

[0018] Furthermore, the master relay module and each slave relay module negotiate a key with the network server by randomly generating a DevNonce value to ensure the security of each activation; If a node detects a duplicate address during network formation, it uses a binary exponential backoff algorithm to regenerate the address to avoid network ID conflicts.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Flexible deployment, adaptable to scenarios with multiple data points. This invention eliminates the need for complex wiring, achieving signal transmission through a relay module. The module supports multiple acquisition channels and can be flexibly deployed according to the distribution of multiple data points (electricity meters, load switches, new energy metering points). It is especially suitable for environments such as substations and switching stations where data points are scattered and wiring is inconvenient.

[0020] 2. Uninterrupted installation and commissioning to improve power supply reliability. The module supports hot-plugging and remote wireless debugging. During installation and debugging, there is no need to cut off the power supply to users or equipment, completely eliminating the drawbacks of traditional wiring power outage operations and improving power supply reliability to 99.99%.

[0021] 3. Efficient load management to resolve supply and demand imbalances. In addition to conventional power data acquisition, this invention can also realize load management and support multi-round grouping management of load switches (such as grouping by new energy vehicle charging station areas). During the evening peak charging period, load control commands can be transmitted in real time through the module to dynamically adjust the charging load, effectively balance the regional power supply, and avoid line overload tripping.

[0022] 4. Reduce costs and increase efficiency, and mitigate safety risks. Cost savings: Wireless methods eliminate the costs of cabling, excavation, and labor required for traditional cabling, reducing the deployment cost per site by more than 60% compared to RS-485 methods; subsequent maintenance eliminates the need for cable inspections, reducing maintenance costs by 50%. Safety optimization: Since there is no outdoor wiring, the risk of electric shock caused by cable aging and leakage or external damage is avoided; the installation and commissioning adopts insulated tools and live plug-in design, reducing the risk of electric shock to personnel by 90%.

[0023] 5. Energy-saving design, in line with the concept of green power grid. This invention uploads relevant power data only when power data fluctuations exceed a change threshold, and all nodes adopt a distributed self-organizing network architecture. The network server dynamically adjusts the spreading factor and transmission power of the terminal equipment based on the signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio reported by the gateway to balance transmission distance and energy consumption, thereby achieving energy-saving design and operation and meeting the requirements of green power grid development. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the negative control terminal architecture of the high-power radio frequency acquisition system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the target data device side architecture of the high-power radio frequency acquisition system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will understand that the description herein is exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] This invention relates to improvements in both hardware architecture and software algorithms, which are described below.

[0028] Part 1: Hardware Architecture See Figure 1 and Figure 2 A high-power radio frequency acquisition system includes a load control terminal and target data devices. The load control terminal is connected to a main relay module. There are multiple target data devices, and each target data device is connected to a slave relay module one-to-one. The main relay module is wirelessly connected to all slave relay modules to realize signal transmission between the load control terminal and all target data devices.

[0029] The master relay module and the slave relay module have the same structure, specifically including: The controller connects to the control terminal or target data device via an interface unit, and also connects to the wireless module; it is used to process the received signals and control the interface unit or wireless module to send corresponding signals.

[0030] The wireless module includes an RF amplifier, an RF filter, and an antenna. The RF amplifier adjusts the gain of the signal to be transmitted and sends it out through the antenna to stabilize the output signal amplitude and avoid signal saturation. The RF filter filters the signal received through the antenna to ensure signal purity and facilitate subsequent processing.

[0031] The module's front-end circuit employs a multi-channel wide dynamic range RF amplifier, which not only achieves microsecond-level automatic gain adjustment when receiving high-power RF signals (ensuring the output amplitude remains stable within ±0.5dB when the input signal power changes, avoiding signal saturation), but also supports multiple parallel acquisition channels, allowing simultaneous connection to multiple data points (such as 4 electricity meters + 2 load switches + 2 new energy metering points), enabling synchronous acquisition of multiple data point signals. The RF filter in this invention employs a composite high-performance RF filter: a combination structure of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter and a crystal filter—the SAW filter provides initial out-of-band noise suppression, while the crystal filter further filters out narrowband interference (such as noise from high-frequency equipment in substations), ensuring the purity of the multi-data point signals during the acquisition stage and laying the foundation for subsequent synchronous processing.

[0032] A power module is used to power the controller and the wireless module. This invention designs an uninterruptible power management circuit, the core of which includes: High-efficiency step-down DC-DC converter: Converts the rectified AC220V DC voltage into multiple voltage levels of 3.3V, 5V, and 12V required by the module to meet the energy consumption requirements of multi-channel acquisition and relay transmission; Linear regulated power supply: performs secondary voltage regulation on sensitive chips such as RF amplifiers and equalizers to ensure power supply stability; Hot-swap protection unit: integrates overcurrent, overvoltage, and surge protection circuits, supports module insertion and removal under AC220V energized conditions (no electric arc is generated during insertion and removal), realizes uninterrupted power supply during installation and commissioning, and avoids affecting the user's power supply.

[0033] Interface unit RS-485 communication interface unit: adopts 75LBC184 chip, with transient voltage suppression function, which can suppress transient voltage, and has multiple fault suppression characteristics such as lightning protection and electrostatic discharge impact resistance. It supports reading parameters such as voltage and current.

[0034] Pulse communication interface unit: a key component for realizing the output of electrical energy data pulses, which reflects the metering data of the electricity meter in real time through physical pulse signals.

[0035] Through the above improvements, the power gain of the relay module of this invention can reach more than 37dB, the output power can reach up to 5W, and it supports stable transmission of signals from multiple data points within a range of 20 kilometers.

[0036] The relay module of this invention has the following functions: It can automatically adjust the signal amplitude and phase by monitoring the attenuation and delay parameters of the transmission line in real time; The module adopts the new generation of LORA spread spectrum technology, which improves the transmission distance and anti-interference capability of spread spectrum communication by 100% compared with traditional single-frequency communication.

[0037] It boasts a high over-the-air transmission rate, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional wireless modules that suffer from slow transmission speed.

[0038] The module consumes as little as 15 microamps in low-power mode and only 2 microamps in deep sleep mode.

[0039] The module can realize multi-level relay networking, which is suitable for ultra-long distance or complex environment networking communication. Multiple networks can operate simultaneously in the same area. In relay mode, the module does not require other control units.

[0040] The module can set its own communication key, and only receiving modules with the same key can receive data. The key cannot be read, which improves the confidentiality of user data.

[0041] The module supports RSSI signal strength indication, which can be used to assess signal quality and improve communication networks and ranging.

[0042] The module remote configuration function allows for remote modification of module parameters, effectively reducing installation, debugging, and maintenance costs.

[0043] Part Two: Software Algorithms 1. Physical layer optimization algorithm 1.1 Spread Spectrum Modulation and Multichannel Management The module employs linear frequency modulation spread spectrum (CSS) technology, achieving signal orthogonality through different spreading factors (SF7-SF12). In power data acquisition, the SF value can be dynamically adjusted: low SF (e.g., SF7, 50kbps) is used near gateway devices to shorten transmission time; high SF (e.g., SF12, 0.3kbps) is used in remote or weakly signaled areas to improve anti-interference capabilities. Simultaneously, frequency hopping mechanisms (e.g., 8 uplink channels in the EU868 band) are used to avoid fixed channel congestion, and frequency division multiplexing (FDMA) expands concurrent capacity.

[0044] 1.2. Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) Algorithm The network server (NS) dynamically adjusts the signal strength (RSSI) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the terminal devices based on the signal strength (RSSI) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) reported by the gateway. For example, if no acknowledgment (ACK) is received for 64 consecutive uplinks, the device automatically increases the power and decreases the signal strength (RSSI) until communication is restored. This mechanism balances transmission distance and energy consumption, and reduces channel occupancy time.

[0045] 1.3. Dynamic Routing and Relay Selection In complex power environments (such as high-voltage substations and mountainous areas), a distributed self-organizing network architecture is adopted. Nodes monitor the signal strength of neighboring nodes in real time and select the node with the best signal as the relay, forming multiple transmission paths. For example, when the signal strength of a node falls below a threshold, it automatically switches to a backup relay to ensure the robustness of the data link.

[0046] 2. Data processing and compression algorithms 2.1 Change Value Detection (COV) Algorithm Set change thresholds for collected power data (such as voltage, current, and power), and only trigger uploads when data fluctuations exceed the thresholds. For example, if meter data is collected once a day, uploads will not be made if the electricity consumption change is less than 5%, effectively reducing unnecessary communication. Combine a minimum upload interval (e.g., 1 hour) with a heartbeat mechanism to balance real-time performance and power consumption.

[0047] 2.2 Time Series Data Compression To address the time-series characteristics of power data, differential encoding (recording the difference between adjacent data points) is used for data transmission. For example, differential encoding can reduce the amount of hourly load data for 24 hours a day by more than 80% before transmission.

[0048] 3. Network and Device Management Algorithms 3.1 Device Activation and Dynamic Address Negotiation OTAA (Over-the-Air Activation): The device negotiates a key with the NS by randomly generating a DevNonce value, ensuring the security of each activation.

[0049] Address conflict resolution: If a node detects a duplicate address during network formation, it uses a binary exponential backoff algorithm to regenerate the address to avoid network ID conflicts.

[0050] 3.2 Low Power Management Mechanism Wake-on-Air: During non-sampling periods, the device enters a deep sleep state (current <200nA) and is only woken up by a LoRa signal. For example, an electricity meter can wake up once a day to collect data and remain in sleep mode the rest of the time, with a battery life of over 5 years.

[0051] Adaptive sleep cycle: Based on historical data, communication demand is predicted, and the sleep duration is dynamically adjusted. For example, the sleep time is extended during off-peak electricity consumption at night, and the sleep interval is shortened during peak electricity consumption during the day.

[0052] 4. Security and Encryption Algorithms 4.1 End-to-end encryption system AES-128-CTR mode: This mode uses counter mode (CTR) to convert AES into stream cipher, supporting parallel encryption and decryption. It is suitable for low-bandwidth, high-latency LoRa channels. For example, meter readings can be encrypted with a 128-bit key, and the ciphertext can be transmitted via LoRaWAN's JoinEUI and DevEUI.

[0053] Two-way authentication: The device and the network server perform two-way authentication through AppKey and NwkKey to prevent unauthorized nodes from accessing the network.

[0054] 4.2 Key Management Mechanism Layered key architecture: Separates the network session key (NwkSKey) and the application session key (AppSKey), and updates the keys regularly to defend against replay attacks. For example, new keys are issued quarterly via LoRaWAN MAC commands.

[0055] Local key storage: Hardware security module (HSM) or encrypted flash memory is used to store keys to prevent key leakage during transmission or storage.

[0056] 5. Application Layer Optimization Algorithm 5.1 Predictive Data Acquisition By combining the learning model to predict power consumption trends, the sampling frequency can be dynamically adjusted. For example, if stable power consumption is predicted for a certain period, the sampling interval can be extended; if a sudden load change is predicted, high-frequency sampling can be triggered in advance.

[0057] 5.2 Anomaly Detection and Fault Diagnosis Threshold alarm: Set thresholds for abnormal conditions such as voltage deviation and sudden current surges, and send alarm data in real time. For example, when the voltage fluctuation exceeds ±10% of the rated value, the device will be immediately activated to upload data.

[0058] Correlation analysis: By integrating meter data, meteorological information (such as temperature and humidity), and equipment status (such as transformer oil temperature), faults can be located and traced for source processing.

[0059] The relay modules of this invention need to be used in pairs. One is installed on the data acquisition terminal side (such as next to a 230MHz load control terminal), referred to as the main relay module, and the other is installed on the target data equipment side (such as near an electricity meter, load switch, or new energy metering point), referred to as the slave relay module. The modules achieve synchronous transmission of signals between multiple data points via a wireless channel. Installation and commissioning must strictly follow the following steps to ensure uninterrupted power supply and effective coverage of multiple data points.

[0060] Pre-installation preparation: Inspect the module's appearance (no damage or deformation) and accessories (including omnidirectional high-gain antenna, hot-swappable power cord, and mounting bracket); confirm the installation site environment (avoid metal obstructions and ensure multiple data points are within the module's 20km coverage range); prepare insulated tools (such as insulated screwdrivers and wire strippers) to avoid the risk of electric shock.

[0061] 230MHz negative control terminal side installation: Choose a location close to the data acquisition terminal and convenient for antenna deployment (such as the outside of the terminal cabinet), and fix the module with a bracket.

[0062] Use a hot-swappable power cord to connect the main relay module's power interface to the AC220V backup power supply in the terminal cabinet (no need to disconnect the terminal power supply). After connection, the module's red light will remain on (power supply is normal).

[0063] Connect the main relay module to the signal interface of the load control terminal according to the wiring markings (see details). Figure 1 (Including RS-485 unit interface and pulse unit interface), ensuring reliable contact and that the terminal maintains normal operation without power outage during wiring.

[0064] Multi-data-point side installation: Choose a location close to the target data device point and convenient for antenna deployment (such as a column in a power distribution room), and fix the repeater module with a bracket; each target data device point corresponds to one repeater module (e.g., 3 electricity meters + 2 load switches require five repeater modules).

[0065] The AC220V power supply is also connected via hot-plugging (the meter and load switch are powered normally).

[0066] The data acquisition channels of the relay module are connected to each data point device, and the electricity meter is connected via an RS-485 unit interface and a pulse unit interface (see...). Figure 2 The load terminal is connected via a signal interface, and the new energy metering point is connected via an output interface. For each connected data point, the indicator light on the corresponding channel of the relay module illuminates (indicating the channel is functioning normally).

[0067] Antenna installation: To facilitate antenna signal acquisition, this invention separates the antenna from the repeater module and installs it independently. An omnidirectional high-gain antenna (gain ≥12dBi) is used, installed on top of the module or at a high outdoor location (such as the top of a substation perimeter wall), away from metal obstacles and strong electromagnetic interference sources (such as transformers).

[0068] The connection cable between the antenna and the master-slave repeater module uses shielded coaxial cable (the shielding layer is tin-plated copper mesh to reduce interference) to ensure a firm connection (avoid signal attenuation).

[0069] Adjust antenna angle: By monitoring the signal strength of each data point in real time, adjust the antenna to an angle where the signal strength of all data points is ≥-90dBm to ensure coverage of multiple data points without dead zones.

[0070] Wiring inspection and power-off-free debugging: Power supply check: All modules have a solid red LED that does not flicker (power supply is stable).

[0071] Communication check: Configure communication parameters (such as 433MHz frequency band, baud rate 9600bps) through the module's built-in wireless debugging interface without powering off the site; after configuration, the module's green signal indicator light will flash (indicating that communication between the load control terminal and multiple data points is normal, and the synchronization error is ≤10ms).

[0072] Troubleshooting: If the indicator light of a data point channel is not lit, first check the wiring (no need to disconnect the power, use an insulated tool to reconnect and unplug it); if there is a communication problem, adjust the antenna direction (an omnidirectional antenna can rotate 360° to ensure a signal strength ≥ -85dBm).

[0073] Operation monitoring and maintenance: Remote monitoring: Real-time viewing of module operating parameters (signal strength, bit error rate, load of each channel) via the power system master station, supporting abnormal alarms.

[0074] Regular maintenance: Conduct an on-site inspection of the antenna mounting condition every quarter (no power outage required) and clean the dust from the module surface to ensure heat dissipation.

[0075] Load adjustment: During the evening peak charging period for new energy vehicles (e.g., 19:00-22:00), the time slot scheduling strategy of the main station remote adjustment module is used to prioritize the transmission of load switch data and ensure that the response time of load management commands is ≤500ms.

[0076] Application effects of the present invention 1. Improve communication and management efficiency Long-distance multi-data-point synchronous acquisition: Enables synchronous acquisition and transmission of more than 10 data points within a range of 20 kilometers, with a data synchronization error of ≤10ms, which is 10 times more efficient than the traditional method (synchronization error ≥100ms).

[0077] Load response speed: During the evening peak charging period for new energy vehicles, the load management command response time is ≤500ms, which can quickly adjust the regional charging load, avoid power supply overload, and improve the regional power supply reliability to 99.99%.

[0078] 2. Significantly reduce total lifecycle costs Deployment cost: The deployment cost per site has been reduced from 20,000 yuan in the traditional RS-485 method to 8,000 yuan, and 100 sites can save 1.2 million yuan in costs.

[0079] Maintenance costs: No cable inspection is required in the later stage of maintenance, and the annual maintenance cost per site is reduced from 5,000 yuan to 2,000 yuan. With 100 sites, the annual maintenance cost is reduced by 300,000 yuan.

[0080] Power outage losses: Uninterrupted installation and commissioning avoids user losses due to power outages (e.g., industrial users lose RMB 10,000 per hour of power outage), reducing power outage losses by more than RMB 1 million per year (taking 10 industrial user sites as an example).

[0081] The high-power radio frequency acquisition system of this invention addresses the pain points of traditional methods, such as power outage installation, asynchronous data points, weak anti-interference, and high cost, starting from the core requirement of "long-distance multi-data-point synchronous acquisition". It provides a brand-new solution for intelligent wireless transmission of information in power load control acquisition systems, and is especially suitable for emerging scenarios such as charging load management of new energy vehicles and grid connection / disconnection management of new energy vehicles. It has broad application prospects and market potential.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the technical solutions. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-power radio frequency acquisition system, comprising a load control terminal and a target data device, characterized in that: The load control terminal is connected to the main relay module. There are multiple target data devices, and each target data device is connected to a slave relay module one-to-one. The main relay module is wirelessly connected to all slave relay modules to realize signal transmission between the load control terminal and all target data devices. The master relay module and the slave relay module have the same structure, specifically including: The controller connects to the control terminal or target data device via an interface unit, and also connects to the wireless module; it is used to process the received signals and control the interface unit or wireless module to send corresponding signals. The wireless module includes an RF amplifier, an RF filter, and an antenna. The RF amplifier is used to adjust the gain of the signal to be transmitted and transmit it through the antenna to stabilize the output signal amplitude and avoid signal saturation. The RF filter is used to filter the signal received through the antenna to ensure the purity of the acquired signal and facilitate subsequent processing. A power module is used to power the controller and the wireless module.

2. The high-power radio frequency acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency filter is composed of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter and a crystal filter. The SAW filter achieves preliminary out-of-band noise suppression, and the crystal filter further filters out narrowband interference from the signal processed by the SAW filter.

3. The high-power radio frequency acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module includes a DC-DC converter and a linear regulated power supply; the DC-DC converter is used to convert the rectified AC220V DC voltage into multiple voltage levels of different sizes required by the module; the linear regulated power supply is used to perform secondary voltage regulation on the RF amplifier to ensure power supply stability.

4. The high-power radio frequency acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power module integrates a live plug-in protection unit, which includes an overcurrent protection circuit, an overvoltage protection circuit, and a surge protection circuit, enabling the main relay module and the slave relay module to be directly plugged into and unplugged from the AC220V power supply while energized.

5. The high-power radio frequency acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target data devices include electricity meters, load switches, and new energy metering points.

6. The high-power radio frequency acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface unit includes an RS-485 communication interface unit and a pulse communication interface unit; the pulse communication interface unit is used to receive metering data from the energy meter in real time via physical pulse signals.

7. A high-power radio frequency acquisition method, characterized in that: Based on the high-power radio frequency acquisition system described in claim 5, the load control terminal sequentially acquires the power data of the target data device through the main relay module and the slave relay module; a change threshold is set for the acquired power data, and the relevant power data is uploaded only when the power data fluctuation exceeds the change threshold; The new energy metering point is the new energy charging pile; in addition to collecting the power data of the target data equipment, the load control terminal also controls the power on / off and power supply of the new energy charging pile through the main relay module and the slave relay module in sequence based on the collected power data; during peak charging periods, the load control command is transmitted in real time through the slave relay module to dynamically adjust the charging load.

8. The high-power radio frequency acquisition method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main relay module and each slave relay module constitute a node, and all nodes adopt a distributed self-organizing network architecture. Each node monitors the signal strength of adjacent nodes in real time, selects the node with the strongest signal as the forwarding relay, and forms multiple transmission paths.

9. The high-power radio frequency acquisition method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main relay module and each slave relay module adopt linear frequency modulation spread spectrum technology to achieve signal orthogonality through different spread spectrum factors; in power data acquisition, the spread spectrum factor value is dynamically adjusted: the near-gateway equipment uses a low spread spectrum factor to shorten the air transmission time; High spreading factor is used to improve anti-interference capability in remote or weak signal areas; The network server dynamically adjusts the spreading factor and transmit power of the terminal equipment based on the signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio reported by the gateway, in order to balance transmission distance and energy consumption and reduce channel occupancy time.

10. The high-power radio frequency acquisition method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The master relay module and each slave relay module negotiate a key with the network server by randomly generating a DevNonce value to ensure the security of each activation. If a node detects a duplicate address during network formation, it uses a binary exponential backoff algorithm to regenerate the address to avoid network ID conflicts.

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