Dual-mode communication data transmission method for electric energy meter and electricity utilization information acquisition terminal

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-mode communication data transmission method for an electric energy meter and an electricity utilization information acquisition terminal, and relates to the technical field of electric power communication, and the method comprises the steps: collecting physical layer and transmission layer parameters of dual channels in real time, evaluating the communication quality, predicting the out-of-order probability, and generating channel state information; analyzing the priority according to the characteristics of the electricity consumption information data, and calling an out-of-order prevention transmission strategy; carrying out serial number marking on the data packets, and distributing channels based on channel states to carry out parallel transmission; a recombination buffer area is set at a receiving end, the recombination data packets are sorted according to the serial numbers, and the continuity of the serial numbers is detected; monitoring a channel load rate in real time, and if the channel load rate exceeds a threshold value, transferring low-priority data to relieve congestion; and monitoring effective throughput and end-to-end time delay, dynamically adjusting time slot and bandwidth allocation, and feeding back an adjustment result to update channel state information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power communication technology, specifically a dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of smart grid construction, electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals have evolved from simple metering devices into key nodes for grid status sensing and user-side data interaction. To cope with the complex and ever-changing electricity consumption environment and ensure the reliability of communication links, dual-mode technology integrating power line carrier (HPLC) and wireless communication (HRF) has emerged. This technology, through path redundancy, effectively improves the communication success rate under adverse conditions such as noise interference and impedance changes, providing a fundamental guarantee for the real-time and reliable collection of electricity consumption information.

[0003] However, while dual-mode communication brings path diversity, it also introduces new technical challenges. Due to fundamental differences in physical characteristics, transmission mechanisms, and network environments between HPLC and HRF modes, their transmission latency, bandwidth, and anti-interference capabilities differ. This means that data packets belonging to the same data stream or service request may arrive at the receiving end asynchronously via different mode paths, resulting in severe out-of-order packet problems. This issue is extremely detrimental to the upper-layer TCP / IP protocol, which relies on sequential transmission, triggering unnecessary duplicate acknowledgments and congestion control mechanisms, leading to decreased effective throughput, increased transmission latency, and ultimately weakening the performance advantages of dual-mode communication. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a targeted data transmission method that can effectively solve the out-of-order packet problem caused by cross-path transmission while utilizing the redundancy gains of dual-mode communication. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals, so as to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals, the dual-mode communication data transmission method comprising: S1. Real-time acquisition of physical layer and transport layer parameters of HPLC and HRF channels, evaluation of communication quality of each channel based on the acquired parameters, prediction of data packet out-of-order probability during parallel transmission of dual channels, and generation of channel state information. S2. Acquire electricity consumption information data, extract the data features of the electricity consumption information data, analyze the priority of the electricity consumption information data based on the data features, and select an anti-out-of-order transmission strategy for the electricity consumption information data based on the priority of the electricity consumption information data. S3. According to the anti-out-of-order transmission strategy, the data packets of the electricity consumption information data are marked with serial numbers; and according to the channel state information, the marked data packets are allocated to HPLC channels or HRF channels for parallel transmission; S4. A reassembly buffer is set up at the receiving end to receive data packets arriving through dual channels, sort and reassemble the data packets according to the sequence number, and detect the sequence number of the sorted and reassembled data packets. S5. Monitor the channel load rate in real time. If the load rate exceeds a preset threshold, generate a congestion analysis signal. Based on the congestion analysis signal, transfer or temporarily store low-priority power consumption information data in a tiered manner until the channel load rate returns to normal. S6. Monitor the effective throughput and end-to-end delay of the channel in real time; dynamically adjust the time slot and bandwidth allocation of the HPLC channel and HRF channel according to the effective throughput and end-to-end delay, and feed the adjustment results back to step S1 to update the channel status information.

[0006] Furthermore, step S1 includes: S1-1. The parameters of the HPLC channel and HRF channel are synchronously and in real time acquired through the channel monitoring component at the transmitting end, and the physical layer parameters and transmission layer parameters of each channel are obtained. The physical layer parameters include signal received strength, signal-to-noise ratio, and transmission error rate. The transmission layer parameters include data transmission rate, data frame loss rate, and channel occupancy time. S1-2. Pre-set the baseline thresholds corresponding to each physical layer parameter and transport layer parameter; compare the collected parameters of the two channels with the corresponding baseline thresholds to determine whether each parameter meets the requirements, and capture the parameters that do not meet the requirements. S1-3. Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the value of the non-compliant parameter and the corresponding benchmark threshold to obtain the degree of deviation between the non-compliant parameter and the benchmark threshold; count the number of compliant parameters corresponding to each channel, and combine the degree of deviation between the non-compliant parameter and the benchmark threshold to comprehensively evaluate the communication quality level of each channel. In the above steps, the evaluation of communication quality level is as follows: the more qualified parameters there are and the smaller the deviation of the unqualified parameters from the benchmark threshold, the higher the communication quality level of the channel. The communication quality level of the channel is divided into multiple gradients to distinguish the differences in transmission capabilities of different channels. S1-4. Extract historical parallel transmission data for each channel according to the preset historical data statistical period, and calculate the probability of data packet out-of-order due to transmission time difference during historical transmission; combine the current communication quality level difference and transmission rate difference of each channel to adaptively correct the historical data packet out-of-order probability, and obtain the current data packet out-of-order probability of parallel transmission of each channel. S1-5. Integrate the original parameter data of each channel, the judgment results between each parameter and the benchmark threshold, the communication quality level evaluation results, and the out-of-order probability of data packets transmitted in parallel on each channel to form structured channel state information and store it in the dedicated database of the sending end. In the above steps, the raw parameter data represents the physical layer parameters and transport layer parameters corresponding to the HPLC channel and HRF channel respectively, collected by the channel monitoring device.

[0007] Furthermore, steps S1-4 include: Within the historical data statistical period, the same data stream transmitted in parallel through dual channels is extracted, and data packets transmitted through the HPLC channel and HRF channel in the data stream are identified to form several pairs of data packets from the same source. Record the timestamps of the arrival of the two data packets in each pair of same-source data packets at the receiving end, calculate the difference between the two timestamps, and obtain the transmission time difference of each pair of same-source data packets. Set a time deviation threshold, compare the transmission time difference of each pair of same source data packets with the time deviation threshold, and determine whether each pair of same source data packets is out of order. The number of out-of-order same-source data packet pairs within the historical data statistical period and the total number of same-source data packet pairs within the historical data statistical period are counted. The probability of data packet out-of-order due to arrival time difference during historical transmission is obtained by dividing the number of out-of-order same-source data packet pairs by the total number of same-source data packet pairs. Based on the differences in communication quality levels and transmission rates among the current channels, an adaptive correction is made to the probability of out-of-order data packets in the past; the adaptive correction includes: Based on the comparison between the current communication quality level difference of each channel and the communication quality level difference in the historical statistical period, the level difference correction coefficient is determined. Based on the comparison between the current transmission rate difference of each channel and the transmission rate difference in the historical statistical period, the rate difference correction coefficient is determined. The probability of out-of-order data packets in the current dual-channel parallel transmission is obtained by adding the historical out-of-order probability multiplied by the grade difference correction coefficient and the historical out-of-order probability multiplied by the rate difference correction coefficient. In the above steps, different data streams are distinguished by data stream identifiers; a pair of same-source data packets refers to two data packets from the same data stream that need to arrive at the receiving end in the same order, but are transmitted through different channels; the criteria for judging whether each pair of same-source data packets has out-of-order transmission are as follows: for example, the arrival time difference exceeds the time deviation threshold and does not conform to the preset transmission order of the data stream; the determination of the level difference correction coefficient: for example, when the current communication level difference is greater than the historical level difference, the correction coefficient is positive; when the current communication level difference is less than the historical level difference, the correction coefficient is negative; the absolute value of the correction coefficient is positively correlated with the communication level difference; the determination of the rate difference correction coefficient: for example, when the current transmission rate difference is greater than the historical transmission rate difference, the rate difference correction coefficient is positive; when the current transmission rate difference is less than the historical transmission rate difference, the rate difference correction coefficient is negative; the absolute value of the rate difference correction coefficient is positively correlated with the transmission rate difference.

[0008] Furthermore, step S2 includes: S2-1. Extract the electricity consumption information data to be transmitted from the data output interface of the electricity meter and the storage unit of the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal, respectively; the electricity consumption information data includes electricity metering data, equipment operating status data, abnormal alarm data, and equipment parameter configuration data; S2-2. Extract data features for each type of electricity consumption information data; the data features include the number of times the data is updated per unit time, the impact of data loss on subsequent services, the maximum allowed time required for data to be transmitted from generation to the receiving end, and the byte size of a single data block. S2-3. Based on the importance of data features, assign weights to various types of data features; calculate the sum of the products of the quantified value of each data feature and the corresponding weight coefficient to obtain the cumulative feature weight value for each type of electricity consumption information data; assign corresponding priorities to the electricity consumption information data according to the magnitude of the cumulative feature weight value. In the above steps, the higher the accumulated value of the feature weights, the higher the priority of the electricity information data allocation, and the data within the same priority gradient have the same requirements for transmission reliability and timeliness. S2-4. Based on the channel state information generated in step S1, retrieve the corresponding anti-out-of-order transmission strategy for electricity consumption information data of different priorities.

[0009] Furthermore, step S3 includes: S3-1. According to the retrieved anti-out-of-order transmission strategy, the electricity consumption information data is split into data packets. The splitting process includes: extracting the maximum transmission unit of the corresponding channel; calculating the total number of bytes of the electricity consumption information data to be split, dividing the total number of bytes by the number of bytes of the maximum transmission unit to obtain the number of data packets to be split; and evenly splitting the electricity consumption information data to be split according to the calculated number of data packets. Among them, data packets of the same data stream are marked with a unique sequence number according to the original transmission order, and the sequence numbers of different data streams are arranged independently. In the above steps, the maximum transmission unit refers to the maximum amount of data that the channel can stably transmit in a single transmission, which is determined according to the channel type and communication standard; if there is a remainder in the number of data packets, the number of data packets is increased by 1, and the number of bytes in the last data packet is the remainder; the size of a single data packet after splitting does not exceed the maximum transmission unit of the corresponding channel to avoid data packets being dropped due to exceeding the channel's carrying capacity; the above sequence numbers are incremented sequentially from the starting value, and the sequence numbers of different data streams are arranged independently. Different data streams are distinguished by data stream identifiers, ensuring that the receiving end can distinguish the order of data packets of different data streams through the combination of sequence numbers and data stream identifiers; S3-2. Retrieving channel status information from a dedicated database and allocating transmission channels for data packets with marked sequence numbers includes: selecting channels with high communication quality levels and low data packet out-of-order probability as target channels according to the priority of electricity consumption information data; calculating the current load rate of the target channel; if the current load rate of the target channel reaches a preset load rate threshold, then selecting the channel with the second highest communication quality level and the second lowest data packet out-of-order probability as the target channel. In the above steps, the current load rate of the target channel is the ratio of the number of currently transmitted data packets to the maximum number of data packets that the channel can carry. S3-3. Through the channel scheduling component at the transmitting end, the data packets with allocated channels are transmitted in parallel through the corresponding HPLC channel or HRF channel. During the transmission process, the transmission time, sequence number, and transmission channel identifier of each data packet are recorded in real time, and the recorded information is synchronized to the channel monitoring component for subsequent channel status information updates and optimizations.

[0010] Furthermore, step S4 includes: S4-1. Set up an independent reassembly buffer at the receiving end. The process of setting up the reassembly buffer includes: multiplying the data volume of the maximum transmission data unit corresponding to each channel by the maximum number of transmissions within a preset time period, summing them to obtain the total data volume of the maximum parallel transmission of the two channels, and determining the total capacity of the reassembly buffer according to a preset multiple of the total data volume of the maximum parallel transmission of the two channels; dividing the reassembly buffer into two independent storage areas according to the transmission channel type, and allocating the capacity of each storage area according to the proportion of the maximum transmission data volume of the corresponding channel. S4-2. The reassembly component at the receiving end scans the reassembly buffer at fixed time intervals, distinguishes data packets of different data streams by data stream identifiers, extracts the sequence number of each data packet, and arranges the data packets of the same data stream in ascending order of sequence number; during the arrangement process, the continuity of sequence numbers is detected to determine whether there are any data packets corresponding to missing sequence numbers. S4-3. If a discontinuous sequence number is detected, the reassembly timer is started immediately. After the timer is started, the buffer is continuously monitored to see if a data packet with a missing sequence number is received. In the above steps, the timeout of the reassembly timer is configured according to the communication quality level of the channel where the missing data packet is located. The better the communication quality, the shorter the timeout, thus reserving a reasonable waiting time for data packet transmission. S4-4. If a missing data packet is received before the timer expires, the data packet is inserted into the corresponding sequence number position, and the data stream sorting and reassembly continues. If the missing data packet is not received after the timer expires, the receiving end selects a signal one level higher than the current communication quality level and sends a retransmission request to the sending end. The retransmission request includes the data stream identifier of the missing data packet and the sequence number of the missing data packet. After receiving the retransmission request, the sending end prioritizes the retransmission task to shorten the transmission delay of the missing data packet.

[0011] Furthermore, step S5 includes: S5-1. Calculate the load rate of each channel in real time according to a fixed statistical period; the load rate is calculated as the ratio of the number of data packets actually transmitted by the channel within the statistical period to the maximum number of data packets that the channel can transmit within the statistical period. S5-2. Based on the current communication quality level of each channel, a corresponding load rate threshold is preset; if the real-time load rate of a certain channel exceeds the corresponding load rate threshold, the congestion monitoring component immediately generates a congestion warning signal; the congestion warning signal includes the data stream identifier of the congested channel transmission, the time of congestion occurrence, the current channel load rate, the degree of load exceeding the threshold, and the distribution of priority data transmitted on the current channel, and sends the signal to the channel scheduling component at the sending end; In the above steps, the load rate threshold is set in a way that, for example, the higher the communication quality level, the higher the load rate threshold, allowing the channel to carry more data transmission tasks; the load rate threshold is stored in the congestion monitoring component at the receiving end and can be dynamically optimized based on long-term load data. S5-3. After receiving the congestion warning signal, the channel scheduling component at the transmitting end initiates a data hierarchical transfer strategy. The data hierarchical transfer strategy includes: gradually transferring data packets on the congested channel according to data priority from low to high, prioritizing the transfer of the lowest priority data packets, until the load rate drops below the load rate threshold. During the data hierarchical transfer process, the sequence number and data stream identifier of the data packets remain unchanged to ensure that the receiving end can complete data reassembly normally.

[0012] Furthermore, step S6 includes: S6-1. Collect the effective throughput and end-to-end delay of each channel in real time according to a fixed monitoring period; wherein, the effective throughput is the ratio of the total number of bytes of data packets successfully reassembled by the receiving end within the monitoring period to the duration of the monitoring period; the end-to-end delay is the average time from when the data packet is sent from the sending end to when it is successfully reassembled by the receiving end. In the above steps, effective throughput is used to reflect the actual transmission efficiency of the channel; end-to-end delay is used to reflect the delay level of data transmission. S6-2. Based on the effective throughput of each channel, dynamically adjust the time slot and bandwidth allocation of the channel; the adjustment method is: the channel with higher effective throughput, the higher the proportion of time slots and bandwidth allocated. In the above steps, the time slot ratio refers to the proportion of time the channel is used for transmission; the bandwidth ratio refers to the proportion of transmission resources that the channel can use; the adjustment range of the above dynamic adjustment is controlled within a reasonable range to avoid network fluctuations, so as to ensure that the dual-channel transmission efficiency tends to be balanced. S6-3. Feed back the adjustment results of time slots and bandwidth to the channel monitoring component in step S1 to update the channel status information; In the above steps, feedback optimization makes the subsequent channel state assessment more in line with the actual transmission scenario, forming a closed-loop optimization mechanism of "monitoring-evaluation-adjustment-feedback" to improve the stability of dual-channel transmission performance. The aforementioned dual-mode communication data transmission method is based on the chip-level interconnection and interoperability of the HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication unit main chip. This hardware architecture provides underlying support for dual-channel collaborative parameter acquisition, strategy scheduling, and parallel data transmission.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention effectively avoids the out-of-order problem of data packets in dual-mode parallel transmission by using real-time channel state assessment and out-of-order probability prediction, thereby improving the reliability of data transmission and reducing duplicate acknowledgments and congestion control triggered by out-of-order transmission.

[0014] 2. By implementing data priority management and adaptive anti-out-of-order transmission strategies, the timely transmission of high-priority power consumption information (such as abnormal alarm data) is ensured, network resource allocation is optimized, and the response speed of critical services is improved.

[0015] 3. Dynamic load monitoring and graded transfer mechanisms can alleviate channel congestion in a timely manner, prevent network performance degradation, and ensure the stable operation of the system in complex environments.

[0016] 4. Dynamic bandwidth adjustment based on effective throughput and end-to-end latency improves the utilization efficiency and real-time transmission performance of dual channels, making resource allocation more in line with actual transmission needs.

[0017] 5. Form a closed-loop optimization mechanism of "monitoring-evaluation-adjustment-feedback" to enable the system to adapt to network changes and continuously improve the overall performance and robustness of dual-mode communication. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow for the dual-mode communication data transmission method of the present invention for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example: Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals. The dual-mode communication data transmission method includes: S1. Real-time acquisition of physical layer and transport layer parameters of HPLC and HRF channels, evaluation of communication quality of each channel based on the acquired parameters, prediction of data packet out-of-order probability during parallel transmission of dual channels, and generation of channel state information. S2. Obtain electricity consumption information data, extract the data features of the electricity consumption information data, analyze the priority of the electricity consumption information data based on the data features, and invoke the anti-out-of-order transmission strategy for the electricity consumption information data based on the priority of the electricity consumption information data. S3. According to the anti-out-of-order transmission strategy, the data packets of the electricity consumption information data are marked with serial numbers; and according to the channel state information, the marked data packets are allocated to HPLC channels or HRF channels for parallel transmission; S4. A reassembly buffer is set up at the receiving end to receive data packets arriving through dual channels, sort and reassemble the data packets according to the sequence number, and detect the sequence number of the sorted and reassembled data packets. S5. Monitor the channel load rate in real time. If the load rate exceeds a preset threshold, generate a congestion analysis signal. Based on the congestion analysis signal, transfer or temporarily store low-priority power consumption information data in a tiered manner until the channel load rate returns to normal. S6. Monitor the effective throughput and end-to-end delay of the channel in real time; dynamically adjust the time slot and bandwidth allocation of the HPLC channel and HRF channel according to the effective throughput and end-to-end delay, and feed the adjustment results back to step S1 to update the channel status information. Step S1 includes: S1-1. The parameters of the HPLC channel and HRF channel are synchronously and in real time acquired through the channel monitoring component at the transmitting end, and the physical layer parameters and transmission layer parameters of each channel are obtained. The physical layer parameters include signal received strength, signal-to-noise ratio, and transmission error rate. The transmission layer parameters include data transmission rate, data frame loss rate, and channel occupancy time. S1-2. Pre-set the baseline thresholds corresponding to each physical layer parameter and transport layer parameter; compare the collected parameters of the two channels with the corresponding baseline thresholds to determine whether each parameter meets the requirements, and capture the parameters that do not meet the requirements. S1-3. Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the value of the non-compliant parameter and the corresponding benchmark threshold to obtain the degree of deviation between the non-compliant parameter and the benchmark threshold; count the number of compliant parameters corresponding to each channel, and combine the degree of deviation between the non-compliant parameter and the benchmark threshold to comprehensively evaluate the communication quality level of each channel. S1-4. Extract historical parallel transmission data for each channel according to the preset historical data statistical period, and calculate the probability of data packet out-of-order due to transmission time difference during historical transmission; combine the current communication quality level difference and transmission rate difference of each channel to adaptively correct the historical data packet out-of-order probability, and obtain the current data packet out-of-order probability of parallel transmission of each channel. S1-5. Integrate the original parameter data of each channel, the judgment results between each parameter and the benchmark threshold, the communication quality level evaluation results, and the out-of-order probability of data packets transmitted in parallel on each channel to form structured channel state information and store it in the dedicated database of the sending end. Steps S1-4 include: Within the historical data statistical period, the same data stream transmitted in parallel through dual channels is extracted, and data packets transmitted through the HPLC channel and HRF channel in the data stream are identified to form several pairs of data packets from the same source. Record the timestamps of the arrival of the two data packets in each pair of same-source data packets at the receiving end, calculate the difference between the two timestamps, and obtain the transmission time difference of each pair of same-source data packets. Set a time deviation threshold, compare the transmission time difference of each pair of same source data packets with the time deviation threshold, and determine whether each pair of same source data packets is out of order. The number of out-of-order same-source data packet pairs within the historical data statistical period and the total number of same-source data packet pairs within the historical data statistical period are counted. The probability of data packet out-of-order due to arrival time difference during historical transmission is obtained by dividing the number of out-of-order same-source data packet pairs by the total number of same-source data packet pairs. Based on the differences in communication quality levels and transmission rates among the current channels, an adaptive correction is made to the probability of out-of-order data packets in the past; the adaptive correction includes: Based on the comparison between the current communication quality level difference of each channel and the communication quality level difference in the historical statistical period, the level difference correction coefficient is determined; Based on the comparison between the current transmission rate difference of each channel and the transmission rate difference in the historical statistical period, the rate difference correction coefficient is determined. The probability of out-of-order data packets in the current dual-channel parallel transmission is obtained by adding the historical out-of-order probability multiplied by the grade difference correction coefficient and the historical out-of-order probability multiplied by the rate difference correction coefficient. Step S2 includes: S2-1. Extract the electricity consumption information data to be transmitted from the data output interface of the electricity meter and the storage unit of the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal, respectively; the electricity consumption information data includes electricity metering data, equipment operating status data, abnormal alarm data, and equipment parameter configuration data; S2-2. Extract data features for each type of electricity consumption information data; the data features include the number of times the data is updated per unit time, the impact of data loss on subsequent services, the maximum allowed time required for data to be transmitted from generation to the receiving end, and the byte size of a single data block. S2-3. Based on the importance of data features, assign weights to various types of data features; calculate the sum of the products of the quantified value of each data feature and the corresponding weight coefficient to obtain the cumulative feature weight value for each type of electricity consumption information data; assign corresponding priorities to the electricity consumption information data according to the magnitude of the cumulative feature weight value. S2-4. Based on the channel state information generated in step S1, retrieve the corresponding anti-out-of-order transmission strategy for electricity consumption information data of different priorities. Step S3 includes: S3-1. According to the retrieved anti-out-of-order transmission strategy, the electricity consumption information data is split into data packets. The splitting process includes: extracting the maximum transmission unit of the corresponding channel; calculating the total number of bytes of the electricity consumption information data to be split, dividing the total number of bytes by the number of bytes of the maximum transmission unit to obtain the number of data packets to be split; and evenly splitting the electricity consumption information data to be split according to the calculated number of data packets. Among them, data packets of the same data stream are marked with a unique sequence number according to the original transmission order, and the sequence numbers of different data streams are arranged independently. S3-2. Retrieving channel status information from a dedicated database and allocating transmission channels for data packets with marked sequence numbers includes: selecting channels with high communication quality levels and low data packet out-of-order probability as target channels according to the priority of electricity consumption information data; calculating the current load rate of the target channel; if the current load rate of the target channel reaches a preset load rate threshold, then selecting the channel with the second highest communication quality level and the second lowest data packet out-of-order probability as the target channel. S3-3. Through the channel scheduling component at the transmitting end, the data packets with allocated channels are transmitted in parallel through the corresponding HPLC channel or HRF channel. During the transmission, the transmission time, sequence number, and transmission channel identifier of each data packet are recorded in real time, and the recorded information is synchronized to the channel monitoring component for subsequent channel status information updates and optimizations. Step S4 includes: S4-1. Set up an independent reassembly buffer at the receiving end. The process of setting up the reassembly buffer includes: multiplying the data volume of the maximum transmission data unit corresponding to each channel by the maximum number of transmissions within a preset time period, summing them to obtain the total data volume of the maximum parallel transmission of the two channels, and determining the total capacity of the reassembly buffer according to a preset multiple of the total data volume of the maximum parallel transmission of the two channels; dividing the reassembly buffer into two independent storage areas according to the transmission channel type, and allocating the capacity of each storage area according to the proportion of the maximum transmission data volume of the corresponding channel. S4-2. The reassembly component at the receiving end scans the reassembly buffer at fixed time intervals, distinguishes data packets of different data streams by data stream identifiers, extracts the sequence number of each data packet, and arranges the data packets of the same data stream in ascending order of sequence number; during the arrangement process, the continuity of sequence numbers is detected to determine whether there are any data packets corresponding to missing sequence numbers. S4-3. If a discontinuous sequence number is detected, the reassembly timer is started immediately. After the timer is started, the buffer is continuously monitored to see if a data packet with a missing sequence number is received. S4-4. If a missing data packet is received before the timer expires, the data packet is inserted into the corresponding sequence number position, and the data stream sorting and reassembly continues. If the missing data packet is not received after the timer expires, the receiving end selects a signal one level higher than the current communication quality level and sends a retransmission request to the sending end. The retransmission request includes the data stream identifier of the missing data packet and the sequence number of the missing data packet. After receiving the retransmission request, the sending end prioritizes the retransmission task to shorten the transmission delay of the missing data packet. Step S5 includes: S5-1. Calculate the load rate of each channel in real time according to a fixed statistical period; the load rate is calculated as the ratio of the number of data packets actually transmitted by the channel within the statistical period to the maximum number of data packets that the channel can transmit within the statistical period. S5-2. Based on the current communication quality level of each channel, a corresponding load rate threshold is preset; if the real-time load rate of a certain channel exceeds the corresponding load rate threshold, the congestion monitoring component immediately generates a congestion warning signal; the congestion warning signal includes the data stream identifier of the congested channel transmission, the time of congestion occurrence, the current channel load rate, the degree of load exceeding the threshold, and the distribution of priority data transmitted on the current channel, and sends the signal to the channel scheduling component at the sending end; S5-3. After receiving the congestion warning signal, the channel scheduling component at the transmitting end initiates a data graded transfer strategy. The data graded transfer strategy includes: gradually transferring data packets on the congested channel according to data priority from low to high, prioritizing the transfer of the lowest priority data packets, until the load rate drops below the load rate threshold; during the data graded transfer process, the sequence number and data stream identifier of the data packets remain unchanged. Step S6 includes: S6-1. Collect the effective throughput and end-to-end delay of each channel in real time according to a fixed monitoring period; wherein, the effective throughput is the ratio of the total number of bytes of data packets successfully reassembled by the receiving end within the monitoring period to the duration of the monitoring period; the end-to-end delay is the average time from when the data packet is sent from the sending end to when it is successfully reassembled by the receiving end. S6-2. Based on the effective throughput of each channel, dynamically adjust the time slot and bandwidth allocation of the channel; the adjustment method is: the channel with higher effective throughput, the higher the proportion of time slots and bandwidth allocated. S6-3. Feed back the adjustment results of time slots and bandwidth to the channel monitoring component in step S1 to update the channel status information; In embodiments of the present invention, the dual-mode communication data transmission method of the present invention is used in smart grid application scenarios for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals. Specific implementation includes: real-time acquisition of parameters such as signal reception strength, signal-to-noise ratio, and data transmission rate of the HPLC and HRF channels through the channel monitoring component at the transmitting end; evaluation of channel communication quality and prediction of data packet out-of-order probability to generate channel status information; extraction of electricity consumption information data (such as electricity metering data and abnormal alarm data) from the electricity meter; prioritization based on data characteristics (such as update frequency and loss impact); invocation of corresponding anti-out-of-order transmission strategies; after data packets are marked with sequence numbers, they are preferentially allocated to channels with high communication quality and low out-of-order probability for parallel transmission based on channel status information; at the receiving end, the reassembly buffer sorts and reassembles data packets according to sequence numbers; if a missing sequence number is detected, a timer is started and a retransmission mechanism is triggered; simultaneously, channel load is monitored in real time, and when the load exceeds a threshold, low-priority data is automatically transferred to alleviate congestion; and channel time slots and bandwidth allocation are dynamically adjusted based on effective throughput and latency. Through the above process, this method effectively improves the reliability and efficiency of data transmission, reduces out-of-order problems, and ensures real-time and accurate collection of electricity consumption information.

[0021] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals, characterized in that: The dual-mode communication data transmission method includes: S1. Real-time acquisition of physical layer and transport layer parameters of HPLC and HRF channels, evaluation of communication quality of each channel based on the acquired parameters, prediction of data packet out-of-order probability during parallel transmission of dual channels, and generation of channel state information. S2. Obtain electricity consumption information data, extract the data features of the electricity consumption information data, analyze the priority of the electricity consumption information data based on the data features, and invoke the anti-out-of-order transmission strategy for the electricity consumption information data based on the priority of the electricity consumption information data. S3. According to the anti-out-of-order transmission strategy, the data packets of the electricity consumption information data are marked with serial numbers; and according to the channel state information, the marked data packets are allocated to HPLC channels or HRF channels for parallel transmission; S4. A reassembly buffer is set up at the receiving end to receive data packets arriving through dual channels, sort and reassemble the data packets according to the sequence number, and detect the sequence number of the sorted and reassembled data packets. S5. Monitor the channel load rate in real time. If the load rate exceeds a preset threshold, generate a congestion analysis signal. Based on the congestion analysis signal, transfer or temporarily store low-priority power consumption information data in a tiered manner until the channel load rate returns to normal. S6. Monitor the effective throughput and end-to-end delay of the channel in real time; dynamically adjust the time slot and bandwidth allocation of the HPLC channel and HRF channel according to the effective throughput and end-to-end delay, and feed the adjustment results back to step S1 to update the channel status information.

2. The dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes: S1-1. The parameters of the HPLC channel and HRF channel are synchronously and in real time acquired through the channel monitoring component at the transmitting end, and the physical layer parameters and transmission layer parameters of each channel are obtained. The physical layer parameters include signal received strength, signal-to-noise ratio, and transmission error rate. The transmission layer parameters include data transmission rate, data frame loss rate, and channel occupancy time. S1-2. Pre-set the baseline thresholds corresponding to each physical layer parameter and transport layer parameter; compare the collected parameters of the two channels with the corresponding baseline thresholds to determine whether each parameter meets the requirements, and capture the parameters that do not meet the requirements. S1-3. Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the value of the non-compliant parameter and the corresponding benchmark threshold to obtain the degree of deviation between the non-compliant parameter and the benchmark threshold; count the number of compliant parameters corresponding to each channel, and combine the degree of deviation between the non-compliant parameter and the benchmark threshold to comprehensively evaluate the communication quality level of each channel. S1-4. Extract historical parallel transmission data for each channel according to the preset historical data statistical period, and calculate the probability of data packet out-of-order due to transmission time difference during historical transmission; combine the current communication quality level difference and transmission rate difference of each channel to adaptively correct the historical data packet out-of-order probability, and obtain the current data packet out-of-order probability of parallel transmission of each channel. S1-5. Integrate the original parameter data of each channel, the judgment results between each parameter and the benchmark threshold, the communication quality level evaluation results, and the out-of-order probability of data packets transmitted in parallel on each channel to form structured channel state information, and store it in the dedicated database of the sending end.

3. The dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals according to claim 2, characterized in that: Steps S1-4 include: Within the historical data statistical period, the same data stream transmitted in parallel through dual channels is extracted, and data packets transmitted through the HPLC channel and HRF channel in the data stream are identified to form several pairs of data packets from the same source. Record the timestamps of the arrival of the two data packets in each pair of same-source data packets at the receiving end, calculate the difference between the two timestamps, and obtain the transmission time difference of each pair of same-source data packets. Set a time deviation threshold, compare the transmission time difference of each pair of same source data packets with the time deviation threshold, and determine whether each pair of same source data packets is out of order. The number of out-of-order same-source data packet pairs within the historical data statistical period and the total number of same-source data packet pairs within the historical data statistical period are counted. The probability of data packet out-of-order due to arrival time difference during historical transmission is obtained by dividing the number of out-of-order same-source data packet pairs by the total number of same-source data packet pairs. Based on the differences in communication quality levels and transmission rates among the current channels, an adaptive correction is made to the probability of out-of-order data packets in the past; the adaptive correction includes: Based on the comparison between the current communication quality level difference of each channel and the communication quality level difference in the historical statistical period, the level difference correction coefficient is determined; Based on the comparison between the current transmission rate difference of each channel and the transmission rate difference in the historical statistical period, the rate difference correction coefficient is determined. The probability of out-of-order data packets in the current dual-channel parallel transmission is obtained by adding the historical out-of-order probability multiplied by the grade difference correction coefficient and the historical out-of-order probability multiplied by the rate difference correction coefficient.

4. The dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S2 includes: S2-1. Extract the electricity consumption information data to be transmitted from the data output interface of the electricity meter and the storage unit of the electricity consumption information acquisition terminal, respectively; the electricity consumption information data includes electricity metering data, equipment operating status data, abnormal alarm data, and equipment parameter configuration data; S2-2. Extract data features for each type of electricity consumption information data; the data features include the number of times the data is updated per unit time, the impact of data loss on subsequent services, the maximum allowed time required for data to be transmitted from generation to the receiving end, and the byte size of a single data block. S2-3. Based on the importance of data features, assign weights to various types of data features; calculate the sum of the products of the quantified value of each data feature and the corresponding weight coefficient to obtain the cumulative feature weight value for each type of electricity consumption information data; assign corresponding priorities to the electricity consumption information data according to the magnitude of the cumulative feature weight value. S2-4. Based on the channel state information generated in step S1, retrieve the corresponding anti-out-of-order transmission strategy for electricity consumption information data of different priorities.

5. The dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S3 includes: S3-1. According to the retrieved anti-out-of-order transmission strategy, the electricity consumption information data is split into data packets. The splitting process includes: extracting the maximum transmission unit of the corresponding channel; calculating the total number of bytes of the electricity consumption information data to be split, dividing the total number of bytes by the number of bytes of the maximum transmission unit to obtain the number of data packets to be split; and evenly splitting the electricity consumption information data to be split according to the calculated number of data packets. Among them, data packets of the same data stream are marked with a unique sequence number according to the original transmission order, and the sequence numbers of different data streams are arranged independently. S3-2. Retrieving channel status information from a dedicated database and allocating transmission channels for data packets with marked sequence numbers includes: selecting channels with high communication quality levels and low data packet out-of-order probability as target channels according to the priority of electricity consumption information data; calculating the current load rate of the target channel; if the current load rate of the target channel reaches a preset load rate threshold, then selecting the channel with the second highest communication quality level and the second lowest data packet out-of-order probability as the target channel. S3-3. Through the channel scheduling component at the transmitting end, the data packets with allocated channels are transmitted in parallel through the corresponding HPLC channel or HRF channel. During the transmission process, the transmission time, sequence number, and transmission channel identifier of each data packet are recorded in real time, and the recorded information is synchronized to the channel monitoring component for subsequent channel status information updates and optimizations.

6. The dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S4 includes: S4-1. Set up an independent reassembly buffer at the receiving end. The process of setting up the reassembly buffer includes: multiplying the data volume of the maximum transmission data unit corresponding to each channel by the maximum number of transmissions within a preset time period, summing them to obtain the total data volume of the maximum parallel transmission of the two channels, and determining the total capacity of the reassembly buffer according to a preset multiple of the total data volume of the maximum parallel transmission of the two channels; dividing the reassembly buffer into two independent storage areas according to the transmission channel type, and allocating the capacity of each storage area according to the proportion of the maximum transmission data volume of the corresponding channel. S4-2. The reassembly component at the receiving end scans the reassembly buffer at fixed time intervals, distinguishes data packets of different data streams by data stream identifiers, extracts the sequence number of each data packet, and arranges the data packets of the same data stream in ascending order of sequence number; during the arrangement process, the continuity of sequence numbers is detected to determine whether there are any data packets corresponding to missing sequence numbers. S4-3. If a discontinuous sequence number is detected, the reassembly timer is started immediately. After the timer is started, the buffer is continuously monitored to see if a data packet with a missing sequence number is received. S4-4. If a missing data packet is received before the timer expires, the data packet is inserted into the corresponding sequence number position, and the data stream sorting and reassembly continues. If the missing data packet is not received after the timer expires, the receiving end selects a signal one level higher than the current communication quality level and sends a retransmission request to the sending end. The retransmission request includes the data stream identifier of the missing data packet and the sequence number of the missing data packet. After receiving the retransmission request, the sending end prioritizes the retransmission task to shorten the transmission delay of the missing data packet.

7. The dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step S5 includes: S5-1. Calculate the load rate of each channel in real time according to a fixed statistical period; the load rate is calculated as the ratio of the number of data packets actually transmitted by the channel within the statistical period to the maximum number of data packets that the channel can transmit within the statistical period. S5-2. Based on the current communication quality level of each channel, a corresponding load rate threshold is preset; if the real-time load rate of a certain channel exceeds the corresponding load rate threshold, the congestion monitoring component immediately generates a congestion warning signal; the congestion warning signal includes the data stream identifier of the congested channel transmission, the time of congestion occurrence, the current channel load rate, the degree of load exceeding the threshold, and the distribution of priority data transmitted on the current channel, and sends the signal to the channel scheduling component at the sending end; S5-3. After receiving the congestion warning signal, the channel scheduling component at the transmitting end initiates a data hierarchical transfer strategy. The data hierarchical transfer strategy includes: gradually transferring data packets on the congested channel according to data priority from low to high, prioritizing the transfer of the lowest priority data packets, until the load rate drops below the load rate threshold. During the data hierarchical transfer process, the sequence number and data stream identifier of the data packets remain unchanged.

8. The dual-mode communication data transmission method for electricity meters and electricity consumption information collection terminals according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S6 includes: S6-1. Collect the effective throughput and end-to-end delay of each channel in real time according to a fixed monitoring period; wherein, the effective throughput is the ratio of the total number of bytes of data packets successfully reassembled by the receiving end within the monitoring period to the duration of the monitoring period; the end-to-end delay is the average time from when the data packet is sent from the sending end to when it is successfully reassembled by the receiving end. S6-2. Based on the effective throughput of each channel, dynamically adjust the time slot and bandwidth allocation of the channel; the adjustment method is: the channel with higher effective throughput, the higher the proportion of time slots and bandwidth allocated. S6-3. Feed back the adjustment results of time slots and bandwidth to the channel monitoring component in step S1 to update the channel status information.

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