Communication method and communication device

Abstract

Provided are a communication method and a communication device, relating to the field of optical communications, through which an air interface resource needing to be scheduled by any access device can be determined, and the access device can perform service transmission according to the determined air interface resource by scheduling a corresponding instruction, thereby effectively avoiding air interface collision, and improving user experience. Therefore, the plurality of communication devices are accessed orderly or concurrently, and the user experience is greatly improved. The communication method is applied to the communication device. The communication method comprises the following steps: acquiring an air interface resource demand of at least one access device; wherein the air interface resource is used for indicating the air interface resource needing to be called by at least one access device; and sending a scheduling instruction to the at least one access device based on the air interface resource demand, wherein the scheduling instruction is used for indicating the available duration of the at least one access device and the starting moment of the available duration. The embodiment of the invention is applied to optical communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical communication, and more particularly to a communication method and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the advancement of broadband strategies, the penetration rate of fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) has reached over 90%. Typically, to obtain a better internet experience, broadband users continuously upgrade their broadband packages (usually expressed as broadband data transmission rate in megabits per second (Mbit / s)). However, the actual internet speed experienced by users often falls short of the bandwidth promised in their broadband packages (i.e., the contracted bandwidth).

[0003] Taking home networks as an example, the basic broadband packages offered by operators typically have a contracted bandwidth of 200 Mbit / s. However, nearly 80% of home networks actually experience speeds far below this contracted bandwidth. For instance, in large homes or villas with extensive network coverage, insufficient bandwidth and poor network coverage can lead to frequent buffering and significantly impact the user experience when using wireless transmission technology. To address this issue, Fiber to the Room (FTTR) can be implemented, where fiber optic cables reach every room, enabling home networks to achieve ultra-high contracted bandwidth and cover every corner of the home, thus meeting user needs. Within a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), multiple stations (STAs) compete for resources within the network to transmit services with other communication devices or equipment. For example, a STA transmits services to an access point (AP). This can lead to channel collisions when STAs transmit services, meaning at least two STAs may be transmitting services on the same channel simultaneously. This can cause AP reception problems, preventing it from correctly receiving any services transmitted by the STAs. Typically, channel access can be managed using a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA / CA) mechanism to prevent channel collisions. Specifically, when a STA detects that the transmission medium is idle, it will wait for a random period of time. If the transmission medium remains idle, it will then transmit services (e.g., service data). To ensure communication quality, the AP can send an acknowledgment frame (ACK) to the STA after the service data transmission is complete to confirm the transmission status.

[0004] Since the CSMA / CA mechanism is a decentralized channel access mechanism, air interface collisions are prone to occur when multiple communication devices (including multiple APs or multiple STAs) attempt to access the channel, leading to problems such as disordered access by multiple communication devices and performance loss, which in turn affects the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and a communication device that can determine the air interface resources that any access device needs to schedule, and use corresponding instructions to enable the access device to transmit services according to the determined air interface resources, thereby effectively avoiding air interface collisions, enabling multiple communication devices to access in an orderly or concurrent manner, and greatly improving the user experience.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which is applied to a communication device. The communication method includes: acquiring air interface resource requirements of at least one access device; wherein the air interface resource requirements indicate the air interface resources that the at least one access device needs to access; and sending a scheduling instruction to the at least one access device based on the air interface resource requirements, the scheduling instruction indicating the duration of usable time for the at least one access device and the start time of the usable time.

[0007] Therefore, the communication method described above can determine the air interface resources that an access device (e.g., a transmission service) needs to access based on the acquired air interface resource requirements. Further, by sending a scheduling instruction to the access device, the access device is instructed to access the available duration and the start time of that duration. Typically, access devices need to access different air interface resources for transmission services, such as time resources, i.e., the aforementioned available duration and start time. Through this scheme, the air interface resources that the access device needs to access for transmission services can be configured, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the access device. It is easy to understand that many application scenarios in communication networks typically involve multiple access devices. Thus, based on the above scheme, the air interface resources that multiple access devices in the network need to access can be determined based on the acquired air interface resource requirements, and by sending scheduling instructions to the access devices, the access devices can transmit services according to the corresponding air interface resources. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific methods and steps for determining the air interface resources that one or more access devices need to access using the above communication method. In one possible implementation, the air interface resources that different access devices need to access can be determined based on the priority of their transmission services. This solution can then determine the air interface resources that multiple access devices in the network need to access based on the acquired air interface resource requirements. Furthermore, by using scheduling commands to control the duration and start time of the available transmission services for each access device, multiple communication devices can access the network in an orderly or concurrent manner. This effectively avoids channel conflicts and air interface collisions that occur when different access devices transmit services, significantly improving the user experience.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the air interface resource requirement is service information or the signal strength between the at least one access device and other communication devices.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the start time of the usable duration is indicated by a delay time.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the delay time begins to run from the moment the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the delay time is indicated by a first field of the scheduling instruction, which occupies 4 bytes.

[0012] In one possible implementation, when the first field is all FF, the delay time indicates the start time of the usable duration as the moment when the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

[0013] In one possible implementation, obtaining the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device includes: receiving reporting information from at least one access device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from at least one access device, the scheduling request indicating the time resources that at least one access device needs to call; and determining the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to call based on the reporting information.

[0014] Therefore, the above solution can obtain the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device based on the reported information received from the access device. The reported information includes a scheduling request indicating the time resources to be invoked by the access device. Specifically, based on the scheduling request in the reported information, the communication device can determine the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device (i.e., the time resources to be invoked by the access device, such as the duration to be invoked). In one possible implementation, the reported information can be directly reported by the access device to the communication device. In some examples, the reported information can also be determined by the communication device based on the performance parameters transmitted by the access device. Of course, the reported information can also include other possible parameters, such as the priority of the access device's transmission services, the access device's waiting latency, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, this application does not limit the method of obtaining the reported information from the access device. Thus, based on the reported information including the scheduling request, the communication device can determine the time resources to be invoked by the access device, and then determine the air interface resources (e.g., time resources) to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device based on the time resources to be invoked. Therefore, the above solution can configure the air interface resources to be called based on the time resources that the access device needs to call, as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device, so that multiple communication devices can access in an orderly or concurrent manner, thus ensuring the transmission quality of the access device.

[0015] In one possible implementation, obtaining the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device includes: obtaining service information of at least one access device; wherein the service information includes queue information of services transmitted by at least one access device; and determining the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to invoke based on the service information.

[0016] Therefore, the above solution can obtain the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device based on the obtained service information of the access device. This service information includes queue information of the services transmitted by the access device. Further, based on the queue information included in the service information, the communication device can determine the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device's data. In one possible implementation, the access device in the network reports the queue information of its transmitted services to the communication device, and the communication device obtains the queue information of the access device based on the received queue information. In other examples, this service information can also be determined by the communication device based on relevant information of the access device. It is easy to understand that the embodiments of this application do not limit the specific method by which the communication device obtains the service information of the access device. Furthermore, based on the above solution, the communication device can control each frame (air interface resources to be invoked) transmitted by the access device by issuing scheduling instructions to the access device; or, it can pre-allocate the air interface resources to be invoked by the access device (transmitting services) within a certain time period. Thus, in the above scheme, based on the queue information included in the service information, the communication device can determine the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device.

[0017] In one possible implementation, obtaining the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device includes: obtaining interaction information between at least one access device and other communication devices; wherein the interaction information includes the signal strength between at least one access device and other communication devices; and determining the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to invoke based on the interaction information.

[0018] Therefore, the above-described solution can obtain the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device based on the interaction information between the access device and other communication devices. This interaction information includes the signal strength between the access device and other communication devices. Specifically, based on the obtained signal strength between the access device and other communication devices, the communication device can determine the interference situation of other surrounding communication devices on the access device. Further, based on the determined interference situation, the communication device determines the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device. Of course, the embodiments of this application do not limit the method by which the communication device obtains the interaction information of the access device. Thus, the above-described solution, based on the signal strength included in the interaction information, can determine the interference situation of other surrounding communication devices on the access device, and thereby determine the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device based on the interference situation.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the above communication method further includes: receiving device buffer and transmission rate sent by at least one access device; and determining the time resources that at least one access device needs to call based on the device buffer and transmission rate.

[0020] Therefore, in the above scheme, based on the device buffer and transmission rate received from the access device, the communication device can determine the time resources that the access device needs to access, that is, it can determine the scheduling request of the access device. Furthermore, based on the other schemes described above, the communication device can determine the time resources that the access device needs to access according to the scheduling request. Of course, the communication device can also determine the time resources that the access device needs to access through other methods based on the received device buffer and transmission rate; the embodiments of this application do not limit this. Thus, the above scheme can determine the time resources that the access device needs to access based on the device buffer and transmission rate sent by the access device.

[0021] In one possible implementation, obtaining service information of at least one access device includes: receiving queue information reported by at least one access device; determining the service information of at least one access device based on the queue information; or, obtaining queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information for service transmission by at least one access device; and determining the service information of at least one access device based on the queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information.

[0022] Based on the above scheme, the communication device obtains the service information of the access device in the following ways: determining the service information of the access device based on the queue information reported by the access device; or, the communication device statistically analyzes the queue enqueue and queue dequeue information of the access device for service transmission to determine the queue information of the access device, and thus determine the service information of the access device. Further, based on the queue information included in the service information, the communication device can determine the air interface resources to be invoked as indicated by the air interface resource requirements of the access device. In one possible implementation, the communication device can directly determine the queue information of the access device by statistically analyzing the queue enqueue and queue dequeue information of the access device for service transmission within a fixed time period. Of course, the communication device can also obtain the service information of the access device through other possible methods, which are not limited in the embodiments of this application. Thus, the above scheme can obtain the service information of the access device across devices (requiring cooperation between the access device and the communication device), that is, obtain the service information of the access device based on the queue information reported by the access device. Alternatively, the communication device can directly obtain the service information of the access device based on the queue enqueue and queue dequeue information within a fixed time period.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the above communication method further includes: sending a test message to at least one access device, the test message being used to instruct at least one access device to determine the signal strength between itself and other communication devices.

[0024] Based on the above scheme, the communication device can instruct the access device to determine the signal strength between itself and other communication devices by sending a test message to the access device. Furthermore, based on this signal strength, the interference situation around the access device can be determined. Optionally, the signal strength includes the signal strength between the access device and the communication device. In other examples, the signal strength also includes the signal strength between the access device and one or more terminals. Specifically, the signal strength can be determined by an AP, and the signal strength between that AP and one or more surrounding STAs. Alternatively, the signal strength can be determined by an AP, and the signal strength between that AP and one or more surrounding APs. For example, the signal strength can also be determined by a STA (and informed to the connected AP), and the signal strength between that STA and one or more surrounding STAs. Of course, this application does not limit the device form or type of other communication devices. Therefore, the above scheme can control the access device to determine the surrounding signal strength by sending a test message to the access device. Furthermore, based on the determined signal strength, the communication device can determine the interaction messages of the access device so that the communication device can obtain the air interface resources that the access device needs to call.

[0025] In one possible implementation, air interface resources may also include one or more of the following: spectrum resources, link resources, power control information, rate control information, antenna selection information, and contention parameters.

[0026] In one possible implementation, obtaining the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device includes: obtaining the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device through a wired transmission medium.

[0027] In one possible implementation, sending a scheduling instruction to at least one access device based on air interface resource requirements includes: sending the scheduling instruction to at least one access device via a wired transmission medium based on air interface resource requirements.

[0028] Secondly, a communication method is provided, applied to an access device. The communication method includes: receiving a scheduling instruction sent by a communication device; and transmitting services based on the scheduling instruction, wherein the scheduling instruction indicates the duration of time the access device can use the service and the start time of the available duration.

[0029] In the above scheme, the access device can receive scheduling instructions sent by the communication device and transmit services based on the received scheduling instructions; wherein, the scheduling instructions indicate the available duration and start time of the available duration for the access device. For example, the access device can parse the received scheduling instructions to determine the air interface resources, i.e., time resources (including the available duration and start time of the available duration), that need to be called for transmitting services. Further, the access device can transmit services according to the required air interface resources. Optionally, the access device can call the entire available duration indicated by the scheduling instructions. Alternatively, the access device can also call a portion of the available duration indicated by the scheduling instructions according to actual needs. In one possible implementation, the communication device in the above scheme can be the communication device provided in the above embodiments of this application, which sends scheduling instructions to the access device based on the above method embodiments. Of course, this communication device can also be implemented by other communication devices capable of achieving similar functions, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this. Therefore, the access device in the above scheme can receive the scheduling instructions sent by the communication device, and then transmit services based on the air interface resources to be called according to the scheduling instructions, thereby effectively improving the transmission quality of the services.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the start time of the usable duration is indicated by a delay time.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the delay time begins to run from the moment the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the delay time is indicated by a first field of the scheduling instruction, which occupies 4 bytes.

[0033] In one possible implementation, when the first field is all FF, the delay time indicates the start time of the usable duration as the moment when the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the communication method further includes: sending reporting information to the communication device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from the access device, the scheduling request being used to indicate the time resources that the access device needs to call.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the above communication method further includes: sending service information to the communication device; wherein the service information includes queue information of the access device.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the above communication method further includes: sending interactive information between the communication device and other communication devices; wherein the interactive information includes the signal strength between at least one access device and other communication devices.

[0037] In one possible implementation, sending reporting information to the communication device includes sending its own device buffer and transmission rate to the communication device.

[0038] In one possible implementation, sending service information to the communication device includes sending queue information to the communication device.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the above communication method further includes: receiving a test message sent by a communication device; and determining the signal strength between the device and other communication devices based on the test message.

[0040] Thirdly, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes an interface unit and a processing unit; the processing unit is configured to acquire air interface resource requirements of at least one access device; wherein the air interface resource requirements indicate the air interface resources that the at least one access device needs to access; the interface unit is configured to send a scheduling instruction to the at least one access device based on the air interface resource requirements acquired by the processing unit, the scheduling instruction indicating the duration that the at least one access device can use and the start time of the duration.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the air interface resource requirement is service information or the signal strength between the at least one access device and other communication devices.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the start time of the usable duration is indicated by a delay time.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the delay time begins to run from the moment the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the delay time is indicated by a first field of the scheduling instruction, which occupies 4 bytes.

[0045] In one possible implementation, when the first field is all FF, the delay time indicates the start time of the usable duration as the moment when the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is further configured to receive reporting information from at least one access device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from at least one access device, the scheduling request indicating the time resources that at least one access device needs to call; the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to call based on the reporting information received by the interface unit.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is further configured to acquire service information of at least one access device; wherein the service information includes queue information of services transmitted by at least one access device; the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to invoke based on the service information acquired by the interface unit.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is further configured to acquire interaction information between at least one access device and other communication devices; wherein, the interaction information includes the signal strength between at least one access device and other communication devices; the processing unit is specifically configured to determine the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to invoke based on the interaction information acquired by the interface unit.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is further configured to receive device buffer and transmission rate sent by at least one access device; the processing unit is further configured to determine the time resources that at least one access device needs to invoke based on the device buffer and transmission rate received by the interface unit.

[0050] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is specifically used to receive queue information reported by at least one access device; the processing unit is used to determine the service information of at least one access device based on the queue information received by the interface unit; or, the interface unit is specifically used to obtain queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information for service transmission by at least one access device; the processing unit is used to determine the service information of at least one access device based on the queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information obtained by the interface unit.

[0051] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes any of the following: a gateway or an optical line terminal.

[0052] Fourthly, a communication device is provided for use in an access device. The communication device includes an interface unit and a processing unit; the interface unit is used to receive scheduling instructions sent by the communication device; the processing unit is used to transmit services according to the scheduling instructions received by the interface unit, wherein the scheduling instructions indicate the duration of use available to the access device and the start time of the available duration.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the start time of the usable duration is indicated by a delay time.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the delay time begins to run from the moment the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

[0055] In one possible implementation, the delay time is indicated by a first field of the scheduling instruction, which occupies 4 bytes.

[0056] In one possible implementation, when the first field is all FF, the delay time indicates the start time of the usable duration as the moment when the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is also used to send reporting information to the communication device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from the access device, the scheduling request being used to indicate the time resources that the access device needs to call.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is also used to send service information to the communication device; wherein the service information includes queue information of the access device.

[0059] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is also used to send interactive information between the access device and other communication devices to the communication device; wherein the interactive information includes the signal strength between at least one access device and other communication devices.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is also used to send its own device buffer and transmission rate to the communication device.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is also used to send queue information to the communication device.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the interface unit is further configured to receive test messages sent by the communication device; the processing unit is further configured to determine the signal strength between the interface unit and other communication devices based on the test messages received by the interface unit.

[0063] Fifthly, a communication device is provided. The communication device may be a communication equipment, or it may be a module or chip within a communication equipment. The communication equipment may also be a chip or a system-on-a-chip. The communication device includes: a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the processor is coupled to the interface circuit; the processor is used to control the interface circuit to perform the communication method as described in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0064] Sixthly, a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the communication method as described in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0065] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, the computer program product including: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to perform the communication method as described in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0066] Eighthly, a chip or chip system is provided. The chip or chip system includes: processing circuitry and an input / output interface; wherein the processing circuitry is configured to perform the communication method as described in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0067] The technical effects brought about by any of the design methods in the third to eighth aspects mentioned above can be referred to the technical effects brought about by different design methods in the first and second aspects, which will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0068] Figure 1 An architecture diagram of a home network provided for embodiments of this application;

[0069] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a topology provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a topology provided for another embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a topology provided for yet another embodiment of this application;

[0072] Figure 5 An architecture diagram of a communication network provided for embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a transmission service provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a communication method provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating an information transmission method provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0076] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating information transmission according to another embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a communication device provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided for another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0079] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0080] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as those known to one of ordinary skill in the art. In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., do not limit the quantity or order. In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0081] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being described as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0082] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0083] Currently, with the advancement of broadband strategies, fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) penetration has reached over 90%. To obtain a better internet experience, broadband users are constantly upgrading their broadband packages (usually expressed as broadband data transfer rate, measured in Mbit / s). However, research has revealed that the capabilities of many high-bandwidth packages (with higher data transfer rates) are not being fully utilized; that is, the actual internet speed experienced by broadband users often falls short of the bandwidth promised in the broadband package (i.e., the contracted bandwidth).

[0084] Taking home networks as an example, the basic broadband packages provided by operators typically offer a contracted bandwidth of 200 Mbit / s, but nearly 80% of home networks actually experience speeds far below the contracted bandwidth. It should be noted that the following embodiments of this application are not limited to home networks; for example, they can also be used for enterprise networks. This example only uses a home network scenario and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application.

[0085] For example, refer to Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an architecture diagram of a home network. Combined with... Figure 1As shown, the home network includes: a primary FTTR device (referred to as the primary FTTR, see reference). Figure 1 The master FTTR 101 and multiple slave FTTR devices (referred to as slave FTTRs, see reference) Figure 1 The main FTTR 101 is used to connect to multiple slave FTTRs (including slave FTTRs 102-1 to slave FTTR 102-5) and terminal devices (see terminal 103 in the figure).

[0086] In one possible implementation, combining Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned home network also includes a connection device (see reference). Figure 1 (Connecting device 104 in the middle). Optionally, the connecting device can be an optical distribution box or an optoelectronic distribution box. It is easy to understand that, for ease of explanation, only the following is used here. Figure 1 The architecture shown is illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. For example, terminal 103 in the aforementioned home network includes various types of terminal devices deployed in different locations within the home (e.g., different rooms), such as... Figure 1 The examples shown include computers, tablets, robot vacuum cleaners, and virtual reality (VR) glasses. Furthermore, the network architecture described above can also include more communication devices or apparatuses.

[0087] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 As shown, when this home network is deployed in a large-scale home (such as a villa) with a large coverage area, terminals 103 deployed in different locations within the home communicate with the FTTR 102-3 using wireless transmission technology, such as WLAN. However, due to the large coverage area, users experience problems such as insufficient bandwidth and poor network coverage, leading to frequent network lag and severely impacting the user's online experience.

[0088] To address this issue, FTTR (Fiber to the Room) can be adopted, enabling home networks to achieve ultra-high contracted bandwidth and cover every corner of the home, thereby meeting user needs. Figure 1 Taking the home network shown as an example, the main FTTR 101 will be connected to multiple secondary FTTRs (including secondary FTTR 102-1 to secondary FTTR 102-5) deployed in different rooms via optical fiber.

[0089] In a WLAN, multiple STAs (Stations, Units, and Devices) compete for resources within the communication network (referred to as the network) to transmit services with other communication devices or equipment, such as STAs transmitting services to an Access Point (AP). This can lead to channel conflicts, where at least two STAs transmit services on the same channel simultaneously. This can cause AP reception issues, preventing it from correctly receiving any services transmitted by any STA. Furthermore, combining... Figure 1 As shown, the STA mentioned above can be the main FTTR 101, and the AP mentioned above can be from FTTR 102-1 to FTTR 102-5.

[0090] Therefore, CSMA / CA mechanisms are typically used for channel access to avoid channel collisions. Specifically, when the STA detects that the transmission medium is idle, it will wait for a random period of time. If the transmission medium remains idle, it will transmit the service (e.g., service data). To ensure communication quality and make communication more reliable, the AP can send an ACK frame to the STA after the service data transmission is completed to confirm the transmission status.

[0091] Based on the above CSMA / CA mechanism, taking the process of STA sending data to AP as an example, the specific steps are as follows:

[0092] At the sending end: When a STA needs to transmit data in the wireless network, it will detect the transmission status of the transmission medium. If no data is detected being transmitted in the network, it will wait for a period of time and then randomly select a time slice (corresponding to a certain time length) to continue detecting. If no data is detected being transmitted in the wireless network, the data will be sent out.

[0093] At the receiving end: If the receiving AP receives the complete data sent by the sending STA, it sends an ACK confirmation frame back to the sending end. If the sending STA receives this ACK confirmation frame, the data transmission process is complete. If the sending STA does not receive the ACK confirmation frame, or the sent data was not completely received by the AP, or the ACK confirmation frame transmission failed, in any of these cases, the sending STA will wait for a period of time before retransmitting the previously sent content to the receiving AP.

[0094] While the above solutions can mitigate channel conflicts during communication between STAs and APs to some extent, the CSMA / CA mechanism, being a decentralized channel access mechanism, is prone to air interface collisions when multiple communication devices (including multiple APs or multiple STAs) attempt to access the channel. This can lead to disordered access, performance degradation, and ultimately, a negative impact on user experience. These issues have become critical pain points affecting user experience in current FTTR scenarios.

[0095] Based on the above issues, in a full-buffered FTTR scenario, different deployment scenarios will result in different air interface duty cycles. For example, refer to... Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, an embodiment of this application provides a schematic diagram of a topology, illustrating a typical exposed terminal topology. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 2 As shown, this topology includes three FTTRs (refer to...). Figure 2 (FTTR 201 to FTTR 203 in the text).

[0096] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 As shown, FTTR 201 is within the signal coverage area of ​​FTTR 202 and FTTR 203, FTTR 202 is within the signal coverage area of ​​FTTR 201 and FTTR 203, and FTTR 203 is within the signal coverage area of ​​FTTR 201 and FTTR 202. In this topology, the FTTRs can hear each other, and under fair air interface access (each FTTR has the same air interface access priority), the duty cycle of each FTTR is 33%.

[0097] For example, refer to Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, an embodiment of this application provides a schematic diagram of a topology, illustrating a typical hidden terminal topology. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 3 As shown, this topology includes three FTTRs (refer to...). Figure 3 (FTTR 301 to FTTR 303 in the text).

[0098] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 As shown, FTTR 301 is within the signal coverage area of ​​FTTR 302, and FTTR 302 is within the signal coverage area of ​​FTTR 303. Therefore, FTTR 301 and FTTR 302 in this topology can hear each other, and FTTR 302 and FTTR 303 can also hear each other. However, FTTR 301 and FTTR 303 are hidden nodes, meaning they cannot hear each other.

[0099] This results in FTTR 302 being backed up while FTTR 301 is using the air interface, whereas FTTR 303 can be backed up and thus gain an air interface usage opportunity. Repeating this process, it's easy to see that FTTR 302 will never gain an air interface usage opportunity, resulting in both FTTR 301 and FTTR 303 having a 100% air interface duty cycle, while FTTR 302's air interface duty cycle is 0%.

[0100] based on Figure 2The architecture shown is exemplary, referencing Figure 4 As shown, embodiments of this application also provide a schematic diagram of a topology, illustrating an exposed terminal topology. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 4 As shown, this topology includes: two APs (refer to...) Figure 4 AP 1 and AP 2 (as shown) and two STAs (refer to) Figure 4 (STA 1 and STA 2 in the series).

[0101] In one possible implementation, both AP 1 and AP 2 have a signal coverage range of -55 dBm. Therefore, AP 1 and AP 2 can hear each other, making them mutually exposed terminals. Thus, AP 1 and AP 2 cannot simultaneously access the air interface. Furthermore, since the distance between STA 1 and AP 1 is -10 dBm, and the distance between STA 2 and AP 2 is also -10 dBm, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of STA 1 and STA 2 is sufficiently high. Therefore, this scenario actually allows AP 1 and AP 2 to access the air interface simultaneously. Thus, in this scenario, the air interface performance of the network will suffer a 50% loss.

[0102] It is not difficult to understand whether two (or more) communication devices or communication apparatuses can simultaneously access the air interface and operate concurrently, which can be determined to some extent based on the SINR of the communication devices or communication apparatuses.

[0103] To address the aforementioned issues, random backoff conflicts over the air interface can typically be avoided using the following method. Specifically, this method involves a control node receiving service information reported by one or more node devices (i.e., access devices, such as APs). This service information indicates the service data that network nodes need to transmit through the channel. Based on the service information reported by the network nodes, the control node determines one or more network nodes to be scheduled within the current scheduling period. Finally, the control node sends a scheduling message to the one or more scheduled network nodes, instructing them to compete for the channel.

[0104] While the above scheme can avoid air interface conflicts to some extent, it is an improved version of the enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) mechanism. Essentially, EDCA assigns different scheduling priorities to different network nodes (i.e., APs) based on service buffering. Therefore, even if each AP is allowed to be scheduled within its corresponding scheduling period, air interface contention still requires the EDCA mechanism. Furthermore, this scheme does not allow the control node to make decisions regarding the scheduling time of network nodes.

[0105] To address the aforementioned issues, random backoff collisions on the air interface can typically be avoided by having the AP coordinate with other nearby APs for transmission and reception. Specifically, APs in the network compete for the channel and, upon successful contention, notify other nearby APs. For example, an AP can send a shared frame to other nearby APs to inform them of its successful contention. Optionally, the notification methods include Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Spatial Reuse (SR), and Beaforming (BF), among others.

[0106] While the above scheme can achieve air interface resource sharing (including time and spectrum resources) among APs in a distributed manner, thus avoiding air interface conflicts to some extent, it lacks centralized configuration of air interface resources in the network. Relying on a distributed approach, it cannot accurately determine which specific AP near an AP needs air interface resource allocation, nor can it determine how many nearby APs can receive the successful contention status. Therefore, the air interface resource sharing efficiency of this scheme is low. Furthermore, the above scheme cannot update the network topology in real time, leading to inaccurate air interface resource allocation.

[0107] To address the aforementioned issues, the following approach can typically be adopted. Specifically, this approach includes: a device (e.g., referred to as a first device) receiving an uplink scheduling request from another device (e.g., referred to as a second device). This uplink scheduling request includes uplink buffer information determined based on the uplink data to be transmitted by the other device. Further, the first device generates an uplink bandwidth allocation message based on interference information among the multiple devices connected to it and the uplink buffer information. This uplink bandwidth allocation message is used to indicate the uplink resources allocated to the second device.

[0108] The above solution allows for resource allocation for one device (the first device) when multiple devices are connected, thereby reducing latency. However, this solution primarily focuses on scenarios where passive optical networks (PONs) and wireless transmission technologies are used together for service transmission. For example, in scenarios with air interface interference (e.g., other terminal devices transmitting services into the optical network used by this solution), the solution may not be effective.

[0109] Based on the above, and exemplarily, refer to Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides an architecture diagram of a communication network. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 5 As shown, the communication network includes: a communication device (see reference) Figure 5 The communication device 401 and multiple access devices (refer to) Figure 5 AP 402-1 to AP 402-3 and multiple terminal devices (see...) Figure 5 (STAs 403-1 to 403-6). Communication device 401 is connected to APs 402-1 to AP 402-3 respectively. AP 402-1 is connected to STAs 403-1 and STA 403-2 respectively; AP 402-2 is connected to STAs 403-3 and STA 403-4 respectively; and AP 402-3 is connected to STAs 403-5 and STA 403-6 respectively.

[0110] Optional, refer to Figure 5 As shown, multiple terminal devices can be STAs, i.e. Figure 5 STA 403-1 to STA 403-6 are mentioned. Of course, the terminal device can also be other types of devices, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this. It is easy to understand that, for ease of explanation, only STA 403-1 to STA 403-6 are used here. Figure 5 The architecture shown is illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. For example, in conjunction with... Figure 5 As shown, the aforementioned communication network also includes multiple obstacles (see reference). Figure 5 The rectangular shaded structures in the diagram represent obstacles A through E. Optionally, obstacles A through E can be walls or other structures that can achieve similar functionality.

[0111] In one possible implementation, the communication device 401 described above can be implemented by a centralized scheduler (CS). Optionally, the communication device includes any of the following: a gateway or an optical line terminal (OLT). Of course, the communication device can also be integrated into the upper-layer device connected to the AP. For example, the communication device can be integrated into an optical line terminal (OLT), deployed through an OLT deployed in the network. As another example, the communication device can also be integrated into a gateway. Figure 1 As shown, the communication device can be deployed via a master FTTR (or slave FTTR) deployed in the network.

[0112] Optionally, the communication device can be connected to other communication devices or communication equipment in the network via wired or wireless connections such as optical fiber, network cable, or air interface. The embodiments of this application do not limit this. Of course, the embodiments of this application do not limit the device form, specific deployment location, or connection medium of the communication device, and such limitations should not be construed as restricting the embodiments of this application.

[0113] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the communication device 401 can centrally allocate corresponding air interface resources to each AP (including AP 402-1 to AP 402-3). Optionally, the air interface resources include time resources. Each AP performs service transmission and transmits data according to the air interface resources allocated by the communication device 401. On the other hand, each AP can also schedule the uplink transmission of the connected STAs, so that the APs and STAs in the network can transmit in an orderly manner, thereby ensuring the transmission quality of the network.

[0114] Optionally, the communication device 401 can control one or more access devices in the network through different communication protocols. For example, the communication protocol may include a point-to-point (P2P) or point-to-multipoint (P2MP) communication protocol.

[0115] In one possible implementation, air interface resources may also include one or more of the following: spectrum resources, link resources, power control information, rate control information, antenna selection information, and contention parameters.

[0116] Specifically, according to Figure 5 The architecture shown can determine the interference relationships between multiple STAs. Combined with... Figure 5As shown, since there are two obstacles (obstacle A and obstacle B) between STA 403-1 and STA 403-4, the interference is small, and the SINR of STA 403-1 and STA 403-4 is high enough. Therefore, STA 403-1 and STA 403-4 can access the air interface simultaneously. Similarly, there are two obstacles between STA 403-3 and STA 403-4, and STA 403-3 and STA 403-5, resulting in low interference and high enough SINR, so they can also access the air interface simultaneously. Thus, STA 403-1 and STA 403-4, STA 403-3 and STA 403-4, and STA 403-3 and STA 403-5 can operate concurrently (including downlink concurrency and uplink concurrency, i.e., simultaneous reception or simultaneous transmission). Furthermore, the communication device 401 can centrally allocate corresponding air interface resources to each AP (including AP 402-1 to AP 402-3), so that multiple STAs that can transmit concurrently with less mutual interference can do so, while multiple STAs that cannot transmit concurrently with greater mutual interference have their time slots staggered.

[0117] For example, refer to Figure 6 The diagram illustrates the process of AP 402-1, AP 402-2, and AP 402-3 transmitting services with multiple terminal devices (STA 403-1 to STA 403-6). The arrows following the APs represent a timeline, with left-to-right arrows indicating the chronological order. The trigger (Tri) symbol indicates a change in the AP's transmission state during the transmission process. For example, the AP's transmission direction may change, switching from downlink to uplink.

[0118] Specifically, in combination Figure 6 As shown, for AP 402-1:

[0119] In the downlink direction, AP 402-1 first transmits data to STA 403-1 (this process is represented as "toSTA 403-1" on the timeline), and then AP 402-1 transmits data to STA 403-2 (this process is represented as "to STA 403-2" on the timeline). Tri 11 triggers a change in the transmission direction between AP 402-1 and STA 403-1; in the uplink direction, AP 402-1 will receive data transmitted by STA 403-1 (this process is represented as "from STA 403-1" on the timeline). Tri 12 triggers a change in the transmission direction between AP 402-1 and STA 403-2; AP 402-1 receives data transmitted by STA 403-2 (this process is represented as "from STA 403-2" on the timeline).

[0120] In the downlink direction, AP 402-2 first transmits data to STA 403-4 (this process is represented as "toSTA 403-4" on the timeline), and then AP 402-2 transmits data to STA 403-3 (this process is represented as "to STA 403-2" on the timeline). Tri 21 triggers a change in the transmission direction between AP 402-2 and STA 403-3; in the uplink direction, AP 402-2 will receive data transmitted by STA 403-3 (this process is represented as "from STA 403-3" on the timeline). Tri 22 triggers a change in the transmission direction between AP 402-2 and STA 403-4; AP 402-2 receives data transmitted by STA 403-4 (this process is represented as "from STA 403-4" on the timeline).

[0121] In the downlink direction, AP 402-3 first transmits data to STA 403-5 (this process is represented as "toSTA 403-5" on the timeline), and then AP 402-3 transmits data to STA 403-6 (this process is represented as "to STA 403-6" on the timeline). Tri 31 triggers a change in the transmission direction between AP 402-3 and STA 403-5; in the uplink direction, AP 402-3 will receive data transmitted by STA 403-5 (this process is represented as "from STA 403-1" on the timeline). Tri 32 triggers a change in the transmission direction between AP 402-3 and STA 403-6; AP 402-3 receives data transmitted by STA 403-6 (this process is represented as "from STA 403-6" on the timeline). Based on the above process, the embodiments of this application can allocate air interface resources during the transmission process of one or more APs in the network through a communication device, enabling the APs to transmit services based on the allocated air interface resources, effectively avoiding channel conflicts and air interface collisions, and ensuring the transmission quality of the network. It should be noted that... Figure 5 The architecture shown includes only one communication device (communication device 401), which directly allocates resources to the connected APs. The scheduling method included in the above process can be called two-level scheduling, that is, the communication device centrally makes scheduling decisions (including allocating air interface resources), and the APs directly execute the scheduling decisions.

[0122] In other examples, such as scenarios where an AP needs to transmit multiple services, there is a three-level scheduling mechanism. In the uplink direction, intermediate nodes aggregate information from one or more transmission services of the AP, and then the communication device makes scheduling decisions. In the downlink direction, after the intermediate nodes process the scheduling decisions of the communication device, they are further decomposed into valid information that the AP can parse before execution by the AP. Of course, the scheduling hierarchy implemented by the communication device for the AP can also be other possible network architecture types, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0123] Optionally, this intermediate node can be implemented by a coordinating scheduler integrated on the AP. This coordinating scheduler can also configure the air interface resources of the integrated AP's transmission services to some extent. For example, when the coordinating scheduler aggregates information on one or more transmission services of the AP and determines that the AP has relatively few transmission services, it can perform the functions of the communication device in the above process, configuring the air interface resources that the AP needs to utilize, thus eliminating the need to report to the centralized scheduler level by level for scheduling.

[0124] Based on the above architecture, exemplarily, refer to Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a schematic diagram of a communication method. The following will be combined with... Figure 7 The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below. It should be noted that, here, the method is described in detail below. Figure 5 The architecture shown is used as an example to illustrate the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application through a communication device and an access device, and should not be construed as limiting the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application. The following description, in conjunction with... Figure 5 The architecture shown illustrates the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0125] It is easy to understand that the embodiments of this application can be applied to a variety of application scenarios. For example, scenarios involving multiple users such as orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) and multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO). In the following embodiments, combined with... Figure 5 As shown, the example uses communication device 401 as the communication device and AP 402-1 as the access device, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Of course, the access device in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by any AP from AP 403-1 to AP 403-3, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0126] The following is combined with Figure 7The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described, including steps 601 to 602, as follows:

[0127] Step 601: The communication device obtains the air interface resource requirements of the access device.

[0128] Combination Figure 7 As shown, the communication device obtains the air interface resource requirements of the access device; wherein, the air interface resource requirements are used to indicate at least one air interface resource that the access device needs to access. Specifically, in conjunction with Figure 5 As shown, the communication device 401 determines the air interface resources that AP 402-1 needs to call based on the air interface resource requirements.

[0129] Optionally, air interface resources may also include one or more of the following: spectrum resources, link resources, power control information, rate control information, antenna selection information, and contention parameters.

[0130] Specifically, the methods by which a communication device obtains the air interface resource requirements that indicate the access device needs to call upon include:

[0131] Method 1: The communication device receives the information reported by the access device; wherein, the reported information includes the scheduling request of the access device, the scheduling request is used to indicate the time resources that at least one access device needs to call; based on the reported information, the air interface resources that the access device needs to call are determined.

[0132] In some examples, the scheduling request mentioned above also includes information such as smart antenna, transmit power, antenna selection information reporting, and control. The time resources that the access device needs to access in the scheduling request include the duration the access device needs to access. The duration to be accessed is also called the scheduling duration, which can be converted into air interface time.

[0133] Optionally, the scheduling duration can be a minimum of 0, a maximum of 0xfffffff, or another maximum value defined by the protocol. For example, the scheduling duration could be 5.4 milliseconds (ms).

[0134] Optionally, the reported information may also include business priority, waiting delay, etc., but the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0135] In one possible implementation, the access device can determine its own scheduling request through calculation, that is, determine the time resources to be invoked as indicated by the scheduling request. Further, referring to... Figure 8 As shown, the access device reports the time resources that need to be called to the communication device by sending a reporting information to the communication device.

[0136] Method 2: The communication device obtains the service information of the access device; the service information includes the queue information, service cache information, or service traffic information of the services transmitted by the access device; based on the service information, the air interface resources that the access device needs to call are determined.

[0137] Optionally, the aforementioned service information may also include information such as rate selection. Service information may also include service caching information or service traffic information. Specifically, service caching information includes downlink service cache (indicating downlink cache size) and uplink service cache (indicating uplink cache size).

[0138] In one possible implementation, refer to Figure 9 As shown, the communication device receives queue information reported by the access device (refer to...). Figure 9 (The dashed arrow in the image); Based on queue information, determine the service information of the access device.

[0139] In other examples, the communication device can acquire queue enqueue and queue dequeue information of the access device for service transmission; based on the queue enqueue and queue dequeue information, it can determine the service information of the access device. For example, the communication device can statistically analyze the queue enqueue information (including the number of queue entries) and queue dequeue information of the access device over a long period to obtain the queue information of the access device.

[0140] Method 3: The communication device obtains the interaction information between the access device and other communication devices; the interaction information includes the signal strength between the access device and other communication devices; based on the interaction information, the air interface resources that the access device needs to call are determined.

[0141] In one possible implementation, the communication device sends a test message to the access device, instructing the access device to determine the signal strength between itself and other communication devices. Further, the access device uses this signal strength to obtain interaction information between itself and other communication devices, and then uses this signal strength to determine the interference situation around the access device.

[0142] Optionally, the signal strength includes the signal strength between the access device and other surrounding access devices. For example, the signal strength includes the signal strength between the access device and other surrounding terminal devices. Signal strength is also called interference signal strength, which is the received signal strength indication (RSSI) of the interference source detected by the access device, measured in dBm.

[0143] Step 602: The communication device sends a scheduling instruction to the access device.

[0144] Combination Figure 7As shown, the communication device sends a scheduling command to the access device based on air interface resource requirements. The scheduling command indicates the available duration of the access device and the start time of that duration. Specifically, in conjunction with... Figure 5 As shown, based on air interface resource requirements, communication device 401 sends a scheduling instruction to AP 402-1 indicating the duration that AP 402-1 can use and the start time of the available duration.

[0145] Optionally, the scheduling instruction includes a downlink scheduling instruction for the access device and an uplink scheduling instruction for the access device.

[0146] In conjunction with step 601, the communication device determines the air interface resources that the access device needs to access based on service information. Thus, the scheduling instructions sent by the communication device to the access device can control the air interface resources (including time resources) that the access device needs to access on a per-frame basis; or they can pre-allocate the air interface resources that the access device needs to access according to a certain period.

[0147] In one possible implementation, the scheduling instructions can be updated in real time based on the updates received in the scheduling requests. It's easy to understand that the timing of scheduling request reporting and the scheduling instructions can be decoupled. That is, another scheduling request is not reported only after the communication device has configured a scheduling request for one access device; rather, the communication device adjusts (i.e., updates) the scheduling instructions to be sent after recognizing and updating the received scheduling request.

[0148] Furthermore, the aforementioned scheduling instructions can include a specific time. For example, it could be a precise moment. Alternatively, the scheduling instruction could be a range. This ensures that access devices in the network can connect in an orderly manner, while also guaranteeing the concurrency capabilities of the access devices in the network.

[0149] As an example, a timestamp can be used in the scheduling instruction to indicate the start time of the available duration. For instance, by reading the timestamp (a specific moment) in the scheduling instruction, the access device can determine the start time of the available duration.

[0150] As an example, the scheduling instruction can indicate the start time of the available duration by specifying the end time. For instance, the access device can obtain the start time of the available duration by subtracting the available duration from the end time.

[0151] As an example, a scheduling instruction can indicate the start time of the available duration via a delay time (or offset time), or in other words, the delay time before scheduling control takes effect, measured in microseconds. This delay time is counted from the moment the access device receives the scheduling instruction. After the delay time indicated by the scheduling instruction has elapsed, the access device can determine the start time of the available duration (or the moment when scheduling control takes effect). For example, if the delay time in the scheduling instruction is 5 microseconds, the access device can determine the start time of the available duration (or the moment when scheduling control takes effect) after counting 5 microseconds from the moment it receives the scheduling instruction.

[0152] The first field in the scheduling command indicates the delay time, which occupies 4 bytes. When the first field is all FF, it means that the scheduling control takes effect immediately (or that the start time of the usable duration is the moment when the access device receives the scheduling command), that is, the delay time is 0.

[0153] The moment when the access device receives the scheduling instruction can be either when the access device receives the scheduling instruction through the optical interface, or when the access device internally (software or hardware) processes the scheduling instruction and identifies the delay time.

[0154] Based on steps 601 and 602 above, access devices can transmit in an orderly manner, thereby avoiding the uncertainty caused by channel conflicts resulting from channel contention and affecting service transmission. Alternatively, access devices can also transmit concurrently in an orderly manner, thereby improving network concurrency performance. Through the above communication method, the air interface resources that any access device needs to schedule can be determined, and by issuing corresponding instructions, the access device can transmit services according to the determined air interface resources, effectively avoiding air interface collisions and enabling multiple communication devices to access in an orderly or concurrent manner, significantly improving user experience.

[0155] For example, refer to Figure 10 As shown, an embodiment of this application also provides a schematic diagram of a communication device. For ease of explanation, in the following embodiments of this application, the communication device is identified as communication device 10, and this should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. (In conjunction with...) Figure 10 As shown, the communication device 10 includes an interface unit 1001 and a processing unit 1002. The processing unit 1002 is used to determine the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device; wherein the air interface resources are used to indicate the air interface resources that the at least one access device needs to access; the interface unit 1001 is used to send a scheduling instruction to the at least one access device based on the air interface resource requirements obtained by the processing unit 1002, the scheduling instruction indicating the available duration for the at least one access device and the start time of the available duration.

[0156] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1001 is further configured to receive reporting information from at least one access device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from at least one access device, the scheduling request being used to indicate the time resources that at least one access device needs to call; the processing unit 1002 is specifically configured to determine the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to call based on the reporting information received by the interface unit 1001.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1001 is further configured to acquire service information of at least one access device; wherein the service information includes queue information of services transmitted by at least one access device; and the processing unit 1002 is specifically configured to determine the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to invoke based on the service information acquired by the interface unit 1001.

[0158] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1001 is further configured to acquire interaction information between at least one access device and other communication devices; wherein, the interaction information includes the signal strength between at least one access device and other communication devices; the processing unit 1002 is specifically configured to determine the air interface resources that at least one access device needs to call based on the interaction information acquired by the interface unit 1001.

[0159] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1001 is further configured to receive device buffer and transmission rate sent by at least one access device; the processing unit 1002 is further configured to determine the time resources that at least one access device needs to call based on the device buffer and transmission rate received by the interface unit 1001.

[0160] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1001 is specifically used to receive queue information reported by at least one access device; the processing unit 1002 is used to determine the service information of at least one access device based on the queue information received by the interface unit 1001; or, the interface unit 1001 is specifically used to obtain queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information for service transmission by at least one access device; the processing unit 1002 is used to determine the service information of at least one access device based on the queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information obtained by the interface unit 1001.

[0161] In one possible implementation, the communication device includes any of the following: a gateway or an optical line terminal.

[0162] The interface unit 1001 is further configured to execute the communication method described in step 601; the processing unit 1002 is further configured to execute the communication method described in step 602. It is understood that this communication device can directly reference the above-mentioned... Figure 7 The functions and effects of the communication methods shown are described below, and will not be repeated here.

[0163] For example, refer to Figure 11 As shown, an embodiment of this application also provides a schematic diagram of a communication device applied to an access device. For ease of explanation, in the following embodiments of this application, this communication device is identified as communication device 20, and this should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. (In conjunction with...) Figure 11 As shown, the communication device 20 includes an interface unit 1101 and a processing unit 1102. The interface unit 1101 receives scheduling instructions sent by the communication device; the processing unit 1102 transmits services according to the scheduling instructions received by the interface unit 1101, wherein the scheduling instructions indicate the available duration of the access device and the start time of the available duration.

[0164] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1101 is further configured to send reporting information to the communication device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from the access device, the scheduling request being used to indicate the time resources that the access device needs to call.

[0165] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1101 is further configured to send service information to the communication device; wherein the service information includes queue information of the access device.

[0166] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1101 is further configured to send interactive information between the access device and other communication devices to the communication device; wherein the interactive information includes the signal strength between at least one access device and other communication devices.

[0167] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1101 is also used to send its own device buffer and transmission rate to the communication device.

[0168] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1101 is also used to send queue information to the communication device.

[0169] In one possible implementation, the interface unit 1101 is further configured to receive a test message sent by the communication device; the processing unit 1102 is further configured to determine the signal strength between the interface unit 1101 and other communication devices based on the test message received by the interface unit 1101.

[0170] It is understandable that the communication device can directly reference the above. Figure 7 The functions and effects of the communication methods shown are described below, and will not be repeated here.

[0171] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software programs, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that can be integrated with one or more media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state disk (SSD)). In embodiments of this application, the computer may include the aforementioned apparatus.

[0172] Although this application has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art, by reviewing the accompanying drawings, disclosure, and appended claims, will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments in carrying out the claimed application. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0173] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of this application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if such modifications and modifications of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a communication device, the communication method includes: Obtain the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device; wherein, the air interface resource requirements are used to indicate the air interface resources that the at least one access device needs to call. Based on the air interface resource requirements, a scheduling instruction is sent to the at least one access device. The scheduling instruction is used to indicate the duration that the at least one access device can use and the start time of the duration that can be used.

2. The communication method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The start time of the usable duration is indicated by a delay time, which is indicated by a first field of the scheduling instruction, the first field occupying 4 bytes.

3. The communication method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The delay time begins from the moment the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

4. The communication method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The air interface resource requirement is either service information or the signal strength between the at least one access device and other communication devices.

5. The communication method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, When the first field is all FF, the delay time indicates the start time of the usable duration as the moment when the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

6. The communication method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The acquisition of the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device includes: Receive information reported by the at least one access device; wherein the reported information includes a scheduling request from the at least one access device, the scheduling request being used to indicate the time resources that the at least one access device needs to access; Based on the reported information, at least one air interface resource that an access device needs to access is determined.

7. The communication method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The acquisition of the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device includes: Obtain service cache information and / or service traffic information from at least one access device; Based on the service cache information and / or service traffic information, determine at least one air interface resource that the access device needs to invoke.

8. The communication method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The acquisition of the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device includes: Acquire interaction information between the at least one access device and other communication devices; wherein, the interaction information includes the signal strength between the at least one access device and other communication devices; Based on the interaction information, at least one air interface resource that the access device needs to call is determined.

9. The communication method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The communication method further includes: Receive device buffer and transmission rate sent by the at least one access device; Based on the device cache and the transmission rate, the time resources that the at least one access device needs to access are determined.

10. The communication method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the service information of the at least one access device includes: Receive queue information reported by at least one access device; Based on the queue information, the service information of the at least one access device is determined; or, Obtain queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information for service transmission by the at least one access device; Based on the queue enqueue information and the queue dequeue information, the service information of the at least one access device is determined.

11. The communication method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The communication method further includes: A test message is sent to the at least one access device, the test message being used to instruct the at least one access device to determine the signal strength between itself and other communication devices.

12. The communication method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The air interface resources also include one or more of the following: spectrum resources, link resources, power control information, rate control information, antenna selection information, and contention parameters.

13. A communication method, characterized in that, The communication method, applied to access devices, includes: Receive scheduling instructions sent by the communication device; The service is transmitted according to the scheduling instruction, wherein the scheduling instruction is used to indicate the duration that the access device can use and the start time of the duration that can be used.

14. The communication method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The start time of the usable duration is indicated by a delay time.

15. The communication method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The delay time begins from the moment the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

16. The communication method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that, The delay time is indicated by the first field of the scheduling instruction, which occupies 4 bytes.

17. The communication method according to claim 16, characterized in that, When the first field is all FF, the delay time indicates the start time of the usable duration as the moment when the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

18. The communication method according to any one of claims 13-17, characterized in that, The communication method further includes: Sending reporting information to the communication device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from the access device, the scheduling request being used to indicate the time resources that the access device needs to allocate.

19. The communication method according to any one of claims 13-17, characterized in that, The communication method further includes: Send service information to the communication device; wherein the service information includes service cache information or service traffic information.

20. The communication method according to any one of claims 13-17, characterized in that, The communication method further includes: The communication device sends interaction information with other communication devices; wherein the interaction information includes the signal strength between the access device and other communication devices.

21. The communication method according to claim 18, characterized in that, Sending the reporting information to the communication device includes: Send its own device buffer and transmission rate to the communication device.

22. The communication method according to claim 19, characterized in that, Sending service information to the communication device includes: Send queue information to the communication device.

23. The communication method according to claim 20, characterized in that, The communication method further includes: Receive test messages sent by the communication device; Based on the test message, the signal strength between the device and other communication devices is determined.

24. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes interface units and processing units; The processing unit is configured to acquire the air interface resource requirements of at least one access device; wherein the air interface resource requirements are used to indicate the air interface resources that the at least one access device needs to call. The interface unit is configured to send a scheduling instruction to the at least one access device based on the air interface resource requirements obtained by the processing unit. The scheduling instruction is configured to indicate the duration that the at least one access device can use and the start time of the duration that can be used.

25. The communication device according to claim 24, characterized in that, The start time of the usable duration is indicated by a delay time, which is indicated by a first field of the scheduling instruction, the first field occupying 4 bytes.

26. The communication device according to claim 25, characterized in that, The delay time begins from the moment the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

27. The communication device according to any one of claims 24-26, characterized in that, The air interface resource requirement is either service information or the signal strength between the at least one access device and other communication devices.

28. The communication device according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that, When the first field is all FF, the delay time indicates the start time of the usable duration as the moment when the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

29. The communication device according to any one of claims 24-28, characterized in that, The interface unit is further configured to receive reporting information from the at least one access device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from the at least one access device, and the scheduling request is used to indicate the time resources that the at least one access device needs to access; The processing unit is specifically used to determine the air interface resources that the at least one access device needs to call based on the reported information received by the interface unit.

30. The communication device according to any one of claims 24-28, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to obtain service cache information or service traffic information of the at least one access device; The processing unit is specifically used to determine, based on the service cache information or service traffic information obtained by the interface unit, at least one air interface resource that an access device needs to invoke.

31. The communication device according to any one of claims 24-28, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to acquire interaction information between the at least one access device and other communication devices; wherein, the interaction information includes the signal strength between the at least one access device and other communication devices; The processing unit is specifically used to determine, based on the interaction information obtained by the interface unit, at least one air interface resource that the access device needs to call.

32. The communication device according to claim 29, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to receive device buffer and transmission rate sent by the at least one access device; The processing unit is further configured to determine the time resources that the at least one access device needs to access based on the device cache and the transmission rate received by the interface unit.

33. The communication device according to claim 30, characterized in that, The interface unit is specifically used to receive queue information reported by the at least one access device; The processing unit is used to determine the service information of the at least one access device based on the queue information received by the interface unit. or, The interface unit is specifically used to obtain queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information for service transmission by the at least one access device; The processing unit is used to determine the service information of the at least one access device based on the queue enqueue information and queue dequeue information obtained by the interface unit.

34. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes interface units and processing units; The interface unit is used to receive scheduling instructions sent by the communication device; The processing unit is configured to transmit services according to the scheduling instruction received by the interface unit, wherein the scheduling instruction is configured to indicate the duration that the access device can use and the start time of the duration that can be used.

35. The communication device according to claim 34, characterized in that, The start time of the usable duration is indicated by a delay time.

36. The communication device according to claim 35, characterized in that, The delay time begins from the moment the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

37. The communication device according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that, The delay time is indicated by the first field of the scheduling instruction, which occupies 4 bytes.

38. The communication device according to claim 37, characterized in that, When the first field is all FF, the delay time indicates the start time of the usable duration as the moment when the at least one access device receives the scheduling instruction.

39. The communication device according to any one of claims 34-38, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to send reporting information to the communication device; wherein the reporting information includes a scheduling request from the access device, and the scheduling request is used to indicate the time resources that the access device needs to call.

40. The communication device according to any one of claims 34-38, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to send service information to the communication device; wherein the service information includes service cache information or service traffic information.

41. The communication device according to any one of claims 34-38, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to send interactive information between the access device and other communication devices to the communication device; wherein, the interactive information includes the signal strength between the access device and other communication devices.

42. The communication device according to claim 39, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to send its own device buffer and transmission rate to the communication device.

43. The communication device according to claim 40, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to send queue information to the communication device.

44. The communication device according to claim 41, characterized in that, The interface unit is also used to receive test messages sent by the communication device; The processing unit is also used to determine the signal strength between itself and other communication devices based on the test message received by the interface unit.

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