LoRa-based wireless information transmission system and information transmission method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a wireless information transmission system based on LoRa and an information transmission method thereof. The wireless information transmission system comprises a plurality of acquisition nodes; the acquisition nodes are arranged at different positions; a plurality of relay nodes, wherein each relay node is in communication connection with the plurality of corresponding acquisition nodes through a first frequency band; different relay nodes are in communication connection through a second frequency band; and the data terminal is in communication connection with one of the relay nodes through the second frequency band. By introducing the multi-stage relay nodes and adopting different frequency bands to carry out layered communication, the problems of serious signal attenuation, limited coverage and the like in an ultra-long tunnel are effectively solved, the stability and the anti-interference capability of a communication link are remarkably improved, and long-distance and high-reliability data transmission in the tunnel is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a LoRa-based wireless information transmission system and its information transmission method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous and rapid development of the social economy, the construction of transportation infrastructure is accelerating, and ultra-long tunnels are beginning to appear widely in various highways, railways and municipal transportation, serving as important channels connecting cities and different regions.

[0003] These ultra-long tunnels are characterized by enclosed spaces, narrow and elongated structures, winding paths, and harsh environments. Due to factors such as tunnel geometry, wall materials, multipath effects, and frequency-selective fading, wireless signals are prone to attenuation, reflection, scattering, and even blockage during propagation. This results in reduced communication quality, limited coverage, and poor system stability, severely restricting the application of wireless communication technology in ultra-long tunnel scenarios.

[0004] Especially in critical application scenarios such as emergency rescue, equipment monitoring, environmental perception, and personnel positioning, wireless communication struggles to provide stable and reliable data transmission, failing to adequately guarantee safe tunnel operation and emergency response.

[0005] In recent years, LoRa (Long Range), as a typical LPWAN technology, has gradually been applied to wireless communication systems in tunnels due to its advantages such as long-distance communication capability, ultra-low power consumption, strong anti-interference capability, and large-scale node access capability.

[0006] LoRa is a wireless communication technology based on the principle of chirp spread spectrum (CSS) modulation, operating in the unlicensed industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band, and possessing good channel penetration and anti-interference performance.

[0007] It is particularly suitable for data transmission needs that require low speed, small data volume, and long distance, and can meet the communication needs of IoT application scenarios such as monitoring environmental parameters inside tunnels, collecting equipment status, and locating and tracking personnel.

[0008] Although LoRa possesses a certain degree of anti-interference capability in complex environments, the limited propagation path of electromagnetic waves and significant waveguide effects within ultra-long tunnels result in substantial energy loss and susceptibility to interference during long-distance transmission. The communication link is particularly prone to interruption when curves, intersections, or obstacles are present.

[0009] In addition, LoRa is limited by its physical channel and is highly susceptible to other radio interference sources, which can lead to channel congestion, increased bit error rate, and increased transmission delay. In severe cases, it can cause data packet loss or communication failure, failing to meet the tunnel's requirements for high reliability, low latency, and full coverage communication. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention provides a LoRa-based wireless information transmission system and its information transmission method, aiming to solve the technical problem that existing wireless communication systems cannot be well applied in ultra-long tunnels.

[0011] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a LoRa-based wireless information transmission system. The system includes: a plurality of acquisition nodes; each acquisition node is arranged in a different location; a plurality of relay nodes, each relay node being communicatively connected to the corresponding plurality of acquisition nodes via a first frequency band; different relay nodes being communicatively connected to each other via a second frequency band; and a data terminal, the data terminal being communicatively connected to one of the relay nodes via the second frequency band; wherein the first frequency band and the second frequency band are two different frequency bands.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of the relay nodes are sequentially linked together, and adjacent relay nodes are connected via the second frequency band.

[0013] Optionally, two adjacent relay nodes are spaced at a preset distance to form a continuous relay node sequence; in the relay node sequence, relay nodes that are within a preset range from the data terminal communicate with the data terminal via the second frequency band.

[0014] Optionally, the relay node includes: a LoRa module supporting a preset frequency band range; the LoRa module is provided with a first channel and a second channel; wherein the first channel is used for communication connection with the corresponding acquisition node, and the second channel is used for communication connection with the adjacent relay node.

[0015] Optionally, the relay node includes: a processor, a first LoRa module, and a second LoRa module; wherein the processor is communicatively connected to the first LoRa module and the second LoRa module respectively; the first LoRa module is used to communicate with the corresponding plurality of acquisition nodes; and the second LoRa module is used to communicate with the adjacent relay node.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an information transmission method applied to the wireless information transmission system described above. The method includes: acquiring sensor information through a data acquisition node; uploading the sensor information to a corresponding relay node via a first frequency band; having the relay node transmit the sensor information to adjacent relay nodes via a second frequency band, until reaching a terminal relay node; and having the terminal relay node transmit the sensor information to a data terminal via the second frequency band.

[0017] Optionally, for each relay node, the first sensor information transmitted by the previous adjacent relay node and the second sensor information uploaded by the corresponding acquisition node are both transmitted to the next adjacent relay node through the second frequency band.

[0018] At least one beneficial effect of the wireless information transmission system of the present invention is that by introducing multi-level relay nodes and using different frequency bands for hierarchical communication, the problems of severe signal attenuation and limited coverage in ultra-long tunnels are effectively solved, significantly improving the stability and anti-interference capability of the communication link, and realizing long-distance and highly reliable data transmission in tunnels.

[0019] Moreover, this wireless information transmission system has strong flexibility and scalability. Relay nodes can be flexibly deployed according to tunnel length, structural curvature, and environmental interference. The number of relay nodes and acquisition nodes can be flexibly increased or decreased according to actual application needs, adapting to diverse application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a LoRa-based wireless information transmission system deployed in an ultra-long tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a functional block diagram of a LoRa-based wireless information transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the information transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "bottom," etc., used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a LoRa-based wireless information transmission system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: several acquisition nodes 100, several relay nodes 200, and data terminals 300.

[0027] Among them, the data acquisition node 100 is a front-end sensing device (e.g., temperature sensor, humidity sensor, gas sensor, smoke sensor, light sensor, vibration / displacement sensor, and current / voltage sensor) used to sense and collect information about the internal environment and equipment operating status of the tunnel. Depending on the actual needs, it can be deployed at different locations within the ultra-long tunnel to achieve the sensing and monitoring of the environmental and equipment status at each location node within the ultra-long tunnel.

[0028] Relay node 200 is a signal forwarding device deployed between acquisition nodes and data terminals. It uses two different frequency bands to achieve communication connections with devices at different levels.

[0029] In this embodiment, for ease of description, the first frequency band and the second frequency band are used to represent two different frequency bands, respectively.

[0030] Specifically, to enable wireless communication between two different frequency bands, the relay node includes a LoRa module supporting a preset frequency band range. This LoRa module has a first channel and a second channel, used respectively to enable wireless communication between the first and second frequency bands.

[0031] For example, the first channel is used to communicate with the corresponding acquisition node, while the second channel is used to communicate with the adjacent relay node.

[0032] Please continue reading. Figure 1 Each relay node 200 covers a specific area. Within the area covered by the relay node 200, multiple acquisition nodes 100 are connected to the relay node via the first frequency band and upload data to the relay node.

[0033] Multiple relay nodes 200 are set up to cover different locations in the ultra-long tunnel, so that each acquisition node 100 has a corresponding relay node 200 for uploading data information.

[0034] This relay node configuration allows it to communicate with multiple subordinate data acquisition nodes simultaneously, effectively improving the concurrent processing capability of the communication system and significantly reducing the cost of system deployment and maintenance. It also enables centralized management and data acquisition of multiple devices or sensors within the tunnel, thereby improving the efficiency of equipment monitoring and management within the tunnel.

[0035] The data terminal 300 is the core control device for tunnel operation status management. It receives data from the acquisition node 100 and performs functions such as data management, equipment monitoring, operation control, and human-machine interaction to achieve intelligent monitoring, early warning, and maintenance decision-making for the tunnel.

[0036] In practical applications, data acquisition node 100 and its corresponding relay node 200 transmit data information via the first frequency band. Different relay nodes 200 communicate with each other via the second frequency band to achieve data information transmission.

[0037] In addition, the data terminal 300 also establishes a communication connection with one or more relay nodes 200 via the second frequency band and receives data information from the relay nodes 200.

[0038] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 1 To suit the actual application scenario of ultra-long tunnels, several relay nodes 200 are sequentially linked together along the length of the ultra-long tunnel.

[0039] Each relay node 200 covers a specific length range of acquisition nodes 100 within the ultra-long tunnel. These acquisition nodes 100 communicate with the relay node 200 via a first frequency band to upload data.

[0040] The two adjacent relay nodes 200 are connected via the second frequency band and sequentially transmit the data information they receive to the data terminal 300 along the chain connection.

[0041] Specifically, a preset distance is set between two adjacent relay nodes 200 to form a continuous relay node sequence. This preset distance can be determined according to the needs of the application, such as the tunnel length, and is not specifically limited here.

[0042] In a relay node sequence formed by multiple relay nodes, relay nodes that are within a preset range of distance from the data terminal communicate with the data terminal via the second frequency band, so that data information can be stably and reliably transmitted to the data terminal 300 through these relay nodes.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of two adjacent relay nodes provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In other embodiments, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the relay node 200 includes: a processor 210, a first LoRa module 220, and a second LoRa module 230.

[0044] The processor 210 is communicatively connected to both the first LoRa module 220 and the second LoRa module 230. The first LoRa module 220 uses a first frequency band and communicates with several corresponding acquisition nodes to receive, integrate, and process data uploaded by the acquisition nodes. The second LoRa module 230 uses a second frequency band and communicates with adjacent relay nodes to transmit data uploaded by the acquisition nodes.

[0045] Specifically, for one or more relay nodes 200 that cover the data terminal 300, when communicating with the data terminal 300, they also use the second LoRa module 230 to transmit the data information they have collected to the data terminal 300 through the second frequency band.

[0046] The wireless information transmission system provided in this invention, by setting up multiple relay nodes and using different frequency bands for wireless communication, effectively overcomes the problems of weak wireless signals and poor transmission effects in special environments such as tunnels. Furthermore, it enables a one-to-many device working mode on each relay node, greatly improving the coverage and transmission efficiency of the wireless communication system.

[0047] Compared to wired communication equipment, this invention, through the application of wireless LoRa communication technology, effectively reduces the deployment requirements of wired devices, eliminating the need for extensive wiring and significantly reducing maintenance difficulty and deployment costs. Furthermore, the flexibility of the wireless communication method makes the system more adaptable to changes in tunnel structures, improving its scalability and adaptability.

[0048] Based on the wireless information transmission system provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention further provide an information transmission method. Figure 3 The information transmission method shown can be derived from Figure 1 The wireless information transmission system shown is well-suited for applications such as tunnels where long-distance transmission is required and wireless signals are weak. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the information transmission method includes the following steps:

[0049] S100: Acquire sensor information through the acquisition node.

[0050] S200: Upload the sensor information to the corresponding relay node via the first frequency band.

[0051] S300: The relay node transmits the sensor information to the adjacent relay node via the second frequency band until it reaches the terminal relay node.

[0052] Specifically, for each relay node, the first sensor information transmitted by the previous adjacent relay node and the second sensor information uploaded by the corresponding acquisition node are both transmitted to the next adjacent relay node through the second frequency band.

[0053] S400: The terminal relay node transmits all received sensor information to the data terminal via the second frequency band.

[0054] In this context, a terminal relay node refers to a relay node whose wireless communication range can cover the data terminal. It can be one or more relay nodes located at the end of an ultra-long tunnel or other locations close to the data terminal.

[0055] Specifically, after receiving and integrating all sensor information, the terminal relay node can continue to establish a wireless communication connection with the data terminal via the second frequency band during idle periods, providing the necessary sensor information.

[0056] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A LoRa-based wireless information transmission system, characterized in that, include: Several data acquisition nodes; each data acquisition node is arranged in a different location; Several relay nodes, each relay node communicates with several corresponding acquisition nodes through a first frequency band; different relay nodes communicate with each other through a second frequency band; The data terminal is connected to one of the relay nodes via the second frequency band. The first frequency band and the second frequency band are two different frequency bands.

2. The wireless information transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several relay nodes are sequentially linked together, and adjacent relay nodes are connected via the second frequency band.

3. The wireless information transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The interval between two adjacent relay nodes is set by a preset distance to form a continuous relay node sequence; In the relay node sequence, relay nodes that are within a preset range of distance from the data terminal communicate with the data terminal via the second frequency band.

4. The wireless information transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The relay node includes: a LoRa module supporting a preset frequency band range; the LoRa module is configured with a first channel and a second channel; The first channel is used for communication connection with the corresponding acquisition node, and the second channel is used for communication connection with the adjacent relay node.

5. The wireless information transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The relay node includes: a processor, a first LoRa module, and a second LoRa module; The processor is communicatively connected to both the first LoRa module and the second LoRa module. The first LoRa module is used to communicate with the corresponding plurality of acquisition nodes; The second LoRa module is used to communicate with the adjacent relay node.

6. An information transmission method, applied to the wireless information transmission system as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Sensor information is acquired through data acquisition nodes; The sensor information is uploaded to the corresponding relay node via the first frequency band; The relay node transmits the sensor information to adjacent relay nodes via the second frequency band until it reaches the final relay node; and The sensor information is transmitted to the data terminal via the second frequency band from the end relay node.

7. The information transmission method according to claim 6, characterized in that, For each relay node, the first sensor information transmitted by the previous adjacent relay node and the second sensor information uploaded by the corresponding acquisition node are both transmitted to the next adjacent relay node through the second frequency band.

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