Multi-physical field test device and method for simulating lightning and rainwater coupling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of climate simulation tests, in particular to a multi-physical field test device and method for simulating lightning and rainwater coupling, a driving assembly is arranged above a conical plate, a rotating assembly is arranged in a lower waterproof sleeve, and two facing assemblies are arranged on the outer side of the lower waterproof sleeve; two groups of water spraying test assemblies are arranged in the test bin; the multi-physical field test method based on simulation of thunder and lightning and rainwater coupling comprises the steps that thunder and lightning simulation equipment is started, a workpiece is tested through two sets of water spraying test assemblies, and meanwhile a driving assembly drives the two sets of water spraying test assemblies to move through a rotating assembly; and under the adjustment of the orientation assembly, the two groups of water spraying test assemblies spray water to the workpiece without dead angles. The multi-physical field test device for simulating lightning and rainwater coupling effectively prevents strong electromagnetic interference from easily damaging a power control system, is low in failure rate, can deeply simulate a lightning and rainwater coupling environment, and meets efficient and stable test requirements.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of climate simulation test, in particular to a multi-physical field test device and method for simulating lightning and rain coupling. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of aerospace, transportation, power transmission, etc., equipment and materials are often in complex natural environments, and the influence of lightning and rain coupling environment on material performance is particularly significant. Lightning can produce strong electric field, large current and electromagnetic radiation, which may cause the decline of material insulation performance and structural damage; rainwater can deeply couple with equipment structure, material characteristics and service scene through multiple actions such as physical erosion, chemical corrosion, electrical performance interference and thermal environment destruction, and finally affect material performance and equipment reliability. In order to ensure the reliability and safety of equipment and materials in such complex environment, a multi-physical field test device is needed to simulate lightning and rain coupling environment for performance testing and evaluation of the sample.

[0003] However, the existing test device relies on power control system for driving in the process of use, and the strong electromagnetic interference generated in the process of lightning simulation easily damages the power control system, resulting in device failure; more importantly, the existing test device cannot simulate the superimposed environment of lightning and rain at the same time, and it is difficult to meet the efficient and stable test demand. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems mentioned in the background, the present application aims to provide a multi-physical field test device and method for simulating lightning and rain coupling.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] A multi-physical field test device for simulating lightning and rain coupling, comprising a test chamber and a chuck, the chuck being located inside the test chamber, an upper waterproof sleeve being arranged above the test chamber, a lower waterproof sleeve being connected below the chuck, a support shell being arranged inside the lower waterproof sleeve, a conical plate being connected above the lower waterproof sleeve, a driving assembly being arranged above the conical plate, a rotating assembly being arranged inside the lower waterproof sleeve, two sets of orientation assemblies being arranged on the outer side of the lower waterproof sleeve, and two sets of water spraying test assemblies being arranged inside the test chamber. Each set of water spraying test assembly comprises a water spraying head and a soft water pipe, the water spraying head being in communication with the soft water pipe, the soft water pipe penetrating through the top surface of the test chamber and being fixed by a fixing block arranged above the test chamber, the rotating assembly being capable of driving the water spraying head to move, and the orientation assembly being capable of ensuring that the water outlet direction of the water spraying head is always directed to the position of the workpiece.

[0007] Preferably, side covers are arranged on both sides of the test chamber, one of which has a mounting hole.

[0008] In order to improve the overall smoothness of the device when working, the driving assembly includes a cylinder, a connecting rod and a Y-shaped rod, the cylinder is installed above the test chamber, the output end of the cylinder is connected with one end of the connecting rod, the upper end of the Y-shaped rod penetrates the top surface of the test chamber and is connected with the other end of the connecting rod away from the output end of the cylinder, and the bottom end of the Y-shaped rod is connected with the conical plate, and the outer side of the Y-shaped rod is sleeved with an auxiliary spring.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a moving roller, an L-shaped rod, a ball and a rotating shaft, the moving roller is connected with the conical plate, and the outer surface of the moving roller has a threaded groove, the ball is located in the threaded groove and is adapted to the threaded groove, one end of the L-shaped rod is connected with the ball, and the other end of the L-shaped rod is connected with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is located below the moving roller, and the axis of the rotating shaft is collinear with the axis of the moving roller.

[0010] In order to realize the dead angle-free water spraying on the workpiece, the bottom end of the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating gear, a limiting protrusion is arranged between the test chamber and the rotating gear, one side of the limiting protrusion close to the rotating gear is a smooth curved surface, two tooth plates are respectively engaged with the two sides of the rotating gear, a limiting groove half-wrapping the tooth plate is arranged outside the tooth plate, one end of each tooth plate is connected with a sliding block, and the bottom surface of the test chamber is provided with a sliding groove adapted to the sliding block.

[0011] Preferably, two sealing plates are arranged on the two sides of each sliding block, and the two sealing plates can completely cover the sliding groove.

[0012] Preferably, a rotating shaft is installed above the sliding block, and the upper side of the rotating shaft is connected with the water spraying head.

[0013] Preferably, the facing assembly includes a sliding rod and an insulating elastic rope, an arc-shaped groove is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the test chamber, the sliding rod is located in the arc-shaped groove, and the outer surface of the sliding rod is tangent to the inner part of the arc-shaped groove, one end of the insulating elastic rope is connected with the top end of the sliding rod through a connecting piece, and the other end of the insulating elastic rope is connected with the bottom end of the water spraying head through a connecting piece.

[0014] Preferably, the extension line of the projection of the insulating elastic rope on the bottom surface of the test chamber always points to the direction of the workpiece.

[0015] A test method using the foregoing multi-physical field test device, comprising the following steps: Step 1, fix the workpiece on the chuck, and assemble one end of the lightning simulation equipment in the test chamber through the mounting hole of the side cover, and connect the soft water pipe with the water supply equipment; Step 2, start the lightning simulation equipment, at the same time, the water supply equipment supplies water to the soft water pipe, and sprays water to the workpiece through the water spraying head to test the workpiece; Step 3, the cylinder drive rotating assembly drives the rotating gear to rotate, and the rotating gear drives the water spraying head to move along the sliding groove through the toothed plate, and the water outlet direction of the water spraying head is always directed to the position of the workpiece under the adjustment of the orientation assembly; Step 4, the test of the workpiece is completed, and the workpiece is taken out.

[0016] Beneficial effects: the simulation lightning and rain coupling multi-physical field test device can realize the no dead angle water spraying of the water spraying head on the workpiece, avoid the damage of the strong electromagnetic interference generated in the lightning simulation process to the power control system, and improve the smoothness of the whole device in the working process; meanwhile, the simulation lightning and rain coupling multi-physical field test device simulates the superposition environment of lightning and rain through the external lightning simulation equipment and the water spraying test assembly, and meets the efficient and stable test demand. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic view of the simulation lightning and rain coupling multi-physical field test device in embodiment 1.

[0019] Figure 2 is a side view of the simulation lightning and rain coupling multi-physical field test device in embodiment 1.

[0020] Figure 3 is an A-A line structure sectional view of Figure 2 in embodiment 1.

[0021] Figure 4 is a B local enlarged view of Figure 3 in embodiment 1.

[0022] Figure 5 is a perspective structural schematic view of the test bin of the simulation lightning and rain coupling multi-physical field test device in embodiment 1.

[0023] Figure 6 is a perspective structural schematic view of the driving assembly and the rotating assembly of the simulation lightning and rain coupling multi-physical field test device in embodiment 1.

[0024] Figure 7 is a C local enlarged view of Figure 6 in embodiment 1.

[0025] Figure 8 is a perspective structural schematic view of the orientation assembly and water spraying test assembly of the multi-physical field test device simulating lightning and rainwater coupling in embodiment 1.

[0026] Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of D of Figure 8 in embodiment 1.

[0027] Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of E of Figure 8 in embodiment 1.

[0028] Figure 11 is a top view of embodiment 3 in embodiment 3.

[0029] Figure 12 is a partial structural perspective structural schematic view of embodiment 3 in embodiment 3.

[0030] Figure 13 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the extension bin of embodiment 3 in embodiment 3.

[0031] Figure 14 is a partial enlarged view of F of Figure 13 in embodiment 3.

[0032] Figure 15 is a perspective view of the rotating clamping assembly of embodiment 3 in embodiment 3.

[0033] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the upper sealing assembly of embodiment 3 in embodiment 3.

[0034] Figure 17 is an enlarged view of G of Figure 16 in embodiment 3.

[0035] Figure 18 is a perspective view of the exhaust assembly of embodiment 3 in embodiment 3.

[0036] 1-test bin, 2-chuck, 3-workpiece, 4-upper waterproof sleeve, 5-lower waterproof sleeve, 6-supporting shell, 7-conical plate, 8-water spraying head, 9-soft water pipe, 10-fixing block, 11-side cover, 12-mounting hole, 13-air cylinder, 14-connecting rod, 15-Y-shaped rod, 16-assistant spring, 17-moving roller, 18-threaded groove, 19-L-shaped rod, 20-rolling ball, 21-rotary shaft, 22-rotary gear, 23-limiting protrusion, 24-toothed plate, 25-limiting groove, 26-sliding block, 27-sliding groove, 28-sealing plate, 29-rotating shaft, 30-arc-shaped groove, 31-sliding rod, 32-insulating elastic rope, 33-connector, 34-rotating disc, 35-sand and dust test bin, 36-sand and dust side cover, 37-pressure relief valve, 38-upper sealing assembly, 39-sealing cover, 40-sealing cloth, 41-handle, 42-weight plate, 43-fixing bolt structure, 44-sealing ring, 45-toothed rod, 46-extended bin, 47-rolling ball structure, 48-clamping sleeve, 49-sample pretreatment mechanism, 50-elastic air bag, 51-sliding rod, 52-exhaust pipe, 53-spring, 54-one-way valve, 55-rotary clamping assembly, 56-chuck, 57-rotating shaft, 58-torsion spring, 59-rotating roller, 60-helical groove, 61-clamping rod, 62-bearing, 63-lower sealing assembly, 64-protection cover, 65-sandproof cloth, 66-adjusting plate, 67-exhaust assembly, 68-gear, 69-hose, 70-valve, 71-spraying head structure, 72-pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application. Embodiment 1

[0038] In combination Figures 1-10 As shown in the drawings, a multi-physical field test device for simulating lightning and rainwater coupling includes a test bin 1 and a chuck 2. The chuck 2 is located inside the test bin 1. An upper waterproof sleeve 4 is arranged above the test bin 1. A lower waterproof sleeve 5 is connected below the chuck 2. A supporting shell 6 is arranged inside the lower waterproof sleeve 5. A conical plate 7 is connected above the lower waterproof sleeve 5. A driving assembly is arranged above the conical plate 7. A rotating assembly is arranged inside the lower waterproof sleeve 5. Two groups of orientation assemblies are arranged outside the lower waterproof sleeve 5. Two groups of water spraying test assemblies are arranged inside the test bin 1. Each group of water spraying test assembly includes water spraying head 8 and soft water pipe 9, water spraying head 8 communicates with soft water pipe 9, soft water pipe 9 penetrates the top surface of test chamber 1 and is fixed through fixing block 10 installed above test chamber 1, rotating assembly can drive water spraying head 8 to move, and orientation assembly can ensure that the water outlet direction of water spraying head 8 is always towards the direction of the position of workpiece 3.

[0039] Wherein, both sides of test chamber 1 are provided with side covers 11, one of which has mounting holes 12.

[0040] Wherein, driving assembly includes cylinder 13, connecting rod 14 and Y-shaped rod 15, cylinder 13 is installed above test chamber 1, the output end of cylinder 13 is connected with one end of connecting rod 14, the upper end of Y-shaped rod 15 penetrates the top surface of test chamber 1 and is connected with the end of connecting rod 14 away from the output end of cylinder 13, and the bottom end of Y-shaped rod 15 is connected with conical plate 7, and auxiliary spring 16 is sleeved on the outer side of Y-shaped rod 15.

[0041] Wherein, rotating assembly includes moving roller 17, L-shaped rod 19, ball 20 and rotating shaft 21, moving roller 17 is connected with conical plate 7, and the outer surface of moving roller 17 has screw groove 18, ball 20 is located in screw groove 18 and is matched with screw groove 18, one end of L-shaped rod 19 is connected with ball 20, and the other end is connected with rotating shaft 21, rotating shaft 21 is located below moving roller 17, and the axis of rotating shaft 21 is collinear with the axis of moving roller 17.

[0042] Wherein, the bottom end of rotating shaft 21 is connected with rotating gear 22, and limiting protrusion 23 is arranged between test chamber 1 and rotating gear 22, one side of limiting protrusion 23 close to rotating gear 22 is smooth curved surface, two tooth plates 24 are respectively engaged with the two sides of rotating gear 22, limiting groove 25 half-wrapping tooth plate 24 is arranged on the outer side of tooth plate 24, one end of each tooth plate 24 is connected with sliding block 26, and the bottom surface of test chamber 1 is provided with sliding groove 27 matched with sliding block 26.

[0043] Wherein, two sealing plates 28 are arranged on both sides of each sliding block 26, and the two sealing plates 28 can completely cover sliding groove 27.

[0044] Wherein, rotating shaft 29 is installed above sliding block 26, and the upper side of rotating shaft 29 is connected with water spraying head 8.

[0045] Wherein, orientation assembly includes sliding rod 31 and insulating elastic rope 32, the inner bottom surface of test chamber 1 is provided with arc-shaped groove 30, sliding rod 31 is located in arc-shaped groove 30, and the outer surface of sliding rod 31 is tangent to the inner part of arc-shaped groove 30, one end of insulating elastic rope 32 is connected with the top end of sliding rod 31 through connecting piece 33, and the other end of insulating elastic rope 32 is connected with the bottom end of water spraying head 8 through connecting piece 33.

[0046] Wherein, the extension line of the insulation elastic rope 32 projected on the bottom surface of the test chamber 1 always points to the direction of the workpiece 3. Embodiment 2

[0047] A test method using the multi-physical field test device in embodiment 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1, fix the workpiece 3 on the chuck 2, and assemble one end of the lightning simulation equipment in the test chamber 1 through the mounting hole 12 of the side cover 11, at the same time, connect the soft water pipe 9 with the water supply equipment; Step 2, start the lightning simulation equipment, at the same time, the water supply equipment supplies water to the soft water pipe 9, and sprays water to the workpiece 3 through the water spraying head 8 to test the workpiece 3; Step 3, the air cylinder 13 drives the rotating assembly to rotate the rotating gear 22, the rotating gear 22 drives the water spraying head 8 to move along the direction of the sliding groove 27 through the toothed plate 24, at the same time, the water spraying direction of the water spraying head 8 always points to the direction of the position of the workpiece 3 under the adjustment of the assembly; Step 4, complete the test of the workpiece 3, and take out the workpiece 3.

[0048] In the preparation stage before the test, fix the workpiece 3 on the chuck 2, and assemble one end of the lightning simulation equipment in the test chamber 1 through the mounting hole 12 of the side cover 11, at the same time, connect the soft water pipe 9 with the water supply equipment.

[0049] In the test process, start the lightning simulation equipment, at the same time, the water supply equipment supplies water to the soft water pipe 9, and sprays water through the water spraying head 8 to realize the superposition of simulated lightning and rain.

[0050] When the water spraying head 8 works, the air cylinder 13 drives the Y-shaped rod 15 to move up and down through the connecting rod 14 (the auxiliary spring 16 can assist the Y-shaped rod 15 to reset), the Y-shaped rod 15 drives the moving roller 17 to move up and down through the conical plate 7, and drives the workpiece 3 to move up and down. When the moving roller 17 moves up and down, the L-shaped rod 19 rotates around the axis of the moving roller 17 under the cooperation of the threaded groove 18 and the ball 20 and the limiting action of the limiting protrusion 23, so as to drive the rotating gear 22 to reciprocate (the smooth curved surface on one side of the limiting protrusion 23 can reduce the friction factor between the rotating gear 22 and the limiting protrusion 23 when the rotating gear 22 rotates). The reciprocating rotation of the rotating gear 22 can drive the toothed plate 24 to reciprocate along the direction of the sliding groove 27 under the cooperation of the limiting groove 25, so as to drive the water spraying head 8 fixed above the rotating shaft 29 to repeatedly move along the direction of the sliding groove 27. When the water spraying head 8 moves back and forth, one end of the insulation elastic rope 32 moves with one end of the water spraying head 8, and the other end slides in the arc-shaped groove 30 through the sliding rod 31, so that the water spraying direction of the water spraying head 8 always points to the workpiece 3.

[0051] In the embodiment, the upper waterproof sleeve 4 and the lower waterproof sleeve 5 are ductile, and can maintain the sealing of the test chamber 1 during the up-and-down movement of the Y-shaped rod 15 and the moving roller 17, so as to prevent the key components from being waterlogged. Meanwhile, the support shell 6 can provide support for the conical plate 7 when the device is not working, and can protect the rotating assembly inside the support shell 6. In addition, the sealing plates 28 arranged on both sides of the sliding block 26 can prevent the water in the test process from flowing out of the test chamber 1 through the sliding groove 27, and causing pollution to the environment outside the test chamber 1.

[0052] The simulated lightning and rain coupled multi-physical field test device drives the workpiece 3 to move up and down reciprocatingly while spraying water around the workpiece 3 when the water spraying head 8 sprays water on the workpiece 3 to simulate the rain environment, so as to realize the dead-angle-free water spraying of the workpiece 3 by the water spraying head 8, avoid the strong electromagnetic interference generated in the lightning simulation process from damaging the electric control system, improve the smoothness of the device as a whole when working, and reduce the failure rate of the device as a whole. Meanwhile, the simulated lightning and rain coupled multi-physical field test device improves the sealing of the device as a whole through the design of the upper waterproof sleeve 4, the lower waterproof sleeve 5 and the sealing plates 28, not only ensures that the environment outside the test chamber 1 is not polluted, but also improves the service life of the device. In addition, the simulated lightning and rain coupled multi-physical field test device simulates the superimposed environment of lightning and rain through the external lightning simulation equipment and the water spraying test assembly, so as to meet the efficient and stable test requirements. Embodiment 3

[0053] In combination Figures 11-18As shown, a multi-physical field test device simulating the coupling of lightning and rain, on the basis of embodiment 1, a sand dust lightning coupling test module is added, which is different from embodiment 1: a turntable 34 is arranged below the test chamber 1, the test chamber 1 is located at one end of the turntable 34, and a sand dust lightning coupling test module is arranged at the other end of the turntable 34, which includes a sand dust test chamber 35, sand dust side covers 36 are arranged on both sides of the sand dust test chamber 35, and the sand dust side covers 36 are detachably designed, so that the lightning simulation equipment and the sand dust simulation equipment can be assembled in the sand dust test chamber 35, a pressure relief valve 37 is arranged above the sand dust test chamber 35, and the test specimen can be taken out after the test by pre-venting pressure relief, a clamping sleeve 48 is installed below the sand dust test chamber 35, an upper sealing assembly 38 is arranged above the sand dust test chamber 35, the upper sealing assembly 38 includes a sealing ring 44 and a sealing cover 39, the sealing ring 44 is installed on the sand dust test chamber 35, the sealing cover 39 is fixedly connected with a handle 41, the sealing cover 39 is lapped with the sealing ring 44, the sealing cover 39 is fixed on the sand dust test chamber 35 through two fixed bolt structures 43, the sealing cover 39 can be locked on the sand dust test chamber 35 through the fixed bolt structure 43, so that the sealing cover 39 and the sealing ring 44 can be tightly pressed and combined, the sealing property of the sand dust test chamber 35 is maintained, the sealing cover 39 is fixedly connected with a sealing cloth 40 below, the sealing cloth 40 is fixedly connected with a weight plate 42 below, the gravity of the weight plate 42 can press down the lower end of the sealing cloth 40, so that the sealing cloth 40 can be unfolded upwards in sequence, the sealing property is maintained, and when the weight plate 42 is lifted, the test specimen can be taken and placed, the weight plate 42 is lapped with the sand dust test chamber 35, a tooth rod 45 is fixedly connected with the lower wall of the sand dust test chamber 35, an extension chamber 46 is arranged below the sand dust test chamber 35, a ball structure 47 is installed on the upper wall of the extension chamber 46, and a sample pretreatment mechanism 49 is arranged in the sand dust test chamber 35; The sample pretreatment mechanism 49 includes a lower sealing assembly 63 and two elastic air bags 50, the lower sealing assembly 63 includes a protective cover 64, the protective cover 64 is lapped above the extension chamber 46, the protective cover 64 is fixedly connected with an adjusting plate 66 on both sides, a sand prevention cloth 65 is fixedly connected between the lower wall of the sand dust test chamber 35 and the lower wall of the sand dust test chamber 35, the sand prevention cloth 65 is unfolded with the protective cover 64, so that the sealing property can be guaranteed, and after the protective cover 64 contacts the sealing ring 44, the sealing property of the sand dust test chamber 35 is further guaranteed, and sand leakage is avoided, the two elastic air bags 50 are installed above the sand dust test chamber 35 in a penetrating mode, and a sliding rod 51 is arranged in each of the two elastic air bags 50, the sliding rod 51 connects the sealing cover 39 and the adjusting plate 66, so that the sealing cover 39 moves and drives the adjusting plate 66 to move smoothly through the sliding rod 51, the upper parts of the two sliding rods 51 are fixed with the sealing cover 39 of the upper sealing assembly 38, the bottoms of the two sliding rods 51 and the two elastic air bags 50 are connected with the lower sealing assembly 63, and the lower sealing assembly 63 is provided with an exhaust assembly 67 and a rotary clamping assembly 55.

[0054] The rotating clamping assembly 55 comprises a rotating shaft 57 rotatably mounted on the protective cover 64 through a bearing 62. The rotating shaft 57 can be stably rotated through the bearing 62, so that the chuck 56 and the rotating roller 59 can be stably rotated. The rotating shaft 57 is fixed with the chuck 56 through the extension bin 46. The chuck 56 can fix the test piece to prevent the test piece from falling. The chuck 56 clamps the test piece. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 57 is fixedly connected with the rotating roller 59. The bottom end of the rotating roller 59 is fixedly connected with the clamping rod 61. The clamping rod 61 is matched with the shape of the clamping sleeve 48. The clamping rod 61 is clamped with the clamping sleeve 48, so as to lock the rotating roller 59, so as to ensure the stability of the rotating clamping assembly 55. The rotating roller 59 is fixedly connected with the torsion spring 58 between the bearing 62. The torsion spring 58 can drive the rotating roller 59 to reset after the ball structure 47 is separated from the spiral groove 60. At the same time, the angle of the rotating roller 59 can be maintained, so that the two ends of the spiral groove 60 can be smoothly vertically aligned with the ball structure 47. The rotating roller 59 is provided with the spiral groove 60. The two ends of the spiral groove 60 are designed as linear grooves. The ball structure 47 can smoothly enter the spiral groove 60. The cooperation between the spiral groove 60 and the ball structure 47 can realize the rotation of the rotating roller 59. In this way, the test piece can be driven to rotate for cleaning operation. The linear grooves correspond to the ball structure 47, so that the rotating roller 59 moves up and down, and the ball structure 47 smoothly passes through the linear grooves into the spiral groove 60; The two pipes 72 of the exhaust assembly 67 are communicated with the elastic air bags 50 through the adjusting plate 66 of the lower sealing assembly 63. The top ends of the two elastic air bags 50 are respectively provided with exhaust pipes 52 and one-way valves 54. The exhaust pipes 52 can realize the exhaust and intake of the elastic air bags 50. At the same time, the design of the two elastic air bags 50 can maintain the stability of the movement of the rotating clamping assembly 55. The spring 53 is fixedly connected between the upper wall of the elastic air bag 50 and the adjusting plate 66. The spring 53 can assist the elastic air bag 50 to realize the downward reset action. The reset of the elastic air bag 50 can realize the purpose of air intake through the one-way valve 54. The exhaust assembly 67 comprises a hose 69 and a nozzle structure 71. The nozzle structure 71 is installed through the adjusting plate 66. The hose 69 is upwardly out of the sand and dust test bin 35. The hose 69 can be telescopic, so that the adjusting plate 66 can smoothly move up and down. The hose 69 and the nozzle structure 71 are respectively communicated with two valves 70. The opening and closing of the two valves 70 are opposite, so that the gas can be pre-exhausted through the nozzle structure 71, so as to clean the test piece. When the gear 68 rises by a segment and drives the toothed rod 45, the valve 70 is switched. At this time, the hose 69 can exhaust, so as to avoid that the test piece rises again to disturb the sand and dust in the sand and dust test bin 35, thereby increasing the attachment of the sand and dust floating objects. The two valves 70 are respectively communicated with the two pipes 72. The gear 68 is installed between the two valves 70. The gear 68 can be engaged with the toothed rod 45 through up and down movement.

[0055] The elastic air bag 50 is contracted through the sampling process, the gas in the elastic air bag 50 is sprayed out through the nozzle structure 71, the test piece is cleaned, and the ball structure 47 enters the spiral groove 60 after the rotary clamping assembly 55 rises. At this time, the ball structure 47 drives the rotating roller 59 and the rotating shaft 57 to rotate through the spiral groove 60. The rotating shaft 57 drives the test piece to rotate through the chuck 56 to perform the cleaning operation. In this way, the cleaning of the dust on the surface of the test piece can be automatically completed, the convenience of the test operation and the accuracy of the subsequent detection are improved, and the dust after cleaning is directly recycled to the dust test bin 35, avoiding the recycling operation again.

[0056] In the embodiment, one end of the lightning simulation equipment and one end of the dust simulation equipment are assembled in the dust test bin 35 through the mounting hole of the dust side cover 36, so that the lightning simulation equipment and the dust simulation equipment simulate the coupling environment of lightning and dust to perform the test operation of the physical environment of the test piece. After the test, the fixing bolt structure 43 is removed, the sealing cover 39 drives the sealing cloth 40 to expand upward at this time, and the sliding rod 51 is driven to move, the sliding rod 51 drives the adjusting plate 66 to move, the spring 53 is deformed, the adjusting plate 66 drives the exhaust assembly 67 to move upward, the rotary clamping assembly 55 and the test piece are driven upward through the protective cover 64, and the sandproof cloth 65 is expanded upward to keep sealing; When the rotating roller 59 moves upward, the ball structure 47 enters the arc surface through the straight slot of the spiral groove 60, the ball structure 47 controls the rotating roller 59 to rotate, the test piece is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft 57 and the chuck 56, the adjusting plate 66 rises, the elastic air bag 50 is contracted, the internal gas is discharged through the pipeline 72 first through the nozzle structure 71, and then the dust on the surface of the test piece can be blown away. After cleaning, the ball structure 47 is detached from the lower part of the spiral groove 60, the test piece continues to rise, and due to the opposite design of the opening and closing of the two valves 70, the gear 68 moves upward for a period of time, and then drives the toothed rod 45 to make the gear 68 switch the opening and closing of the two valves 70. At this time, the exhaust is discharged through the hose 69, the protective cover 64 contacts the sealing ring 44 upward to make the test piece move out of the dust test bin 35, and the sealing cloth 40 lifts the weight plate 42. At this time, the test piece is exposed and can be taken out. After taking out, the test piece is reloaded through the chuck 56, the adjusting plate 66 is reset downward through the assistance of the spring 53, the test piece is reloaded into the dust test bin 35, the gear 68 is switched again through the toothed rod 45 to open and close the valve 70, and then the protective cover 64 is pressed in the extension bin 46, the clamping rod 61 is clamped with the clamping sleeve 48 to complete the reset action, and the sealing cover 39 is positioned through the fixing bolt structure 43. At this time, a new round of test operation is performed again.

[0057] The advantages of the example include: by lifting the upper sealing assembly, the sealing cloth is pre-opened to keep the test chamber sealed, and by driving the lower sealing assembly upwardly through the slide rod, the rotary clamping assembly drives the test piece to move upwardly out of the sealing ring, and the protective cover contacts the sealing ring, at this time, the load plate is lifted to a certain height to perform the material taking operation, this method can realize the sealing effect of the test chamber, effectively prevent the sand and dust from overflowing from the cavity during the test sample taking process, reduce the waste of sand and dust resources, avoid the pollution of sand and dust to the external test environment, reduce the environmental maintenance cost in the test process, and avoid the damage of strong electromagnetic interference generated in the lightning simulation to the electric control system by using a pure mechanical structure to control the test sample taking and placing process; through the sampling process, the elastic air bag is contracted, the gas in the elastic air bag is sprayed through the nozzle structure, so as to clean the test piece, and after the rotary clamping assembly rises, the ball structure enters the spiral groove, at this time, the rotary clamping assembly drives the test piece to rotate for cleaning, so that the surface sand and dust of the test piece can be automatically cleaned, the convenience of the test operation and the accuracy of the subsequent detection are improved, and the sand and dust after cleaning is directly recycled to the test chamber, avoiding the re-recycling operation; by unfolding the sealing cloth of the upper sealing assembly, the sealing property of the test chamber can be kept, and by driving the lower sealing assembly and the rotary clamping assembly through the slide rod, the ball structure can enter the spiral groove, and the rotary clamping assembly and the test piece can be driven to rotate, and the elastic air bag is synchronously contracted to exhaust through the exhaust assembly, so as to clean the sand and dust on the test piece, and the cleaning process is kept sealed, until the upper sealing assembly contacts the sealing ring, the test piece is taken out of the sealing ring, and the test piece can be conveniently taken and placed, this method not only realizes the sealing of the test chamber and prevents the sand and dust from flying out during the test piece taking process, but also automatically cleans the attached sand and dust on the test sample surface, without the need of manually cleaning by using external tools, simplifying the test operation process and saving the labor and time cost.

Claims

1. A multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater, comprising an experimental chamber (1) and a chuck (2), wherein the chuck (2) is located inside the experimental chamber (1), characterized in that: The test chamber (1) is provided with an upper waterproof sleeve (4) and a lower waterproof sleeve (5) is connected to the bottom of the chuck (2). The lower waterproof sleeve (5) is provided with a support shell (6) inside. The lower waterproof sleeve (5) is connected with a conical plate (7) above. The conical plate (7) is provided with a driving component above. The lower waterproof sleeve (5) is provided with a rotating component inside. The lower waterproof sleeve (5) is provided with two sets of orientation components on the outside. The test chamber (1) is provided with two sets of water spray test components. Each set of water spray test components includes a water spray head (8) and a soft water pipe (9). The water spray head (8) is connected to the soft water pipe (9). The soft water pipe (9) passes through the top surface of the test chamber (1) and is fixed by a fixing block (10) installed above the test chamber (1). The rotating component can drive the water spray head (8) to move. The orientation component can ensure that the water outlet direction of the water spray head (8) is always facing the direction of the workpiece (3).

2. The multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The test chamber (1) is provided with side covers (11) on both sides, one of which has a mounting hole (12).

3. The multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a cylinder (13), a connecting rod (14), and a Y-shaped rod (15). The cylinder (13) is installed above the test chamber (1). The output end of the cylinder (13) is connected to one end of the connecting rod (14). The upper end of the Y-shaped rod (15) penetrates the top surface of the test chamber (1) and is connected to the end of the connecting rod (14) away from the output end of the cylinder (13). The bottom end of the Y-shaped rod (15) is connected to the conical plate (7). An auxiliary spring (16) is sleeved on the outside of the Y-shaped rod (15).

4. The multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes a moving roller (17), an L-shaped rod (19), a ball (20), and a rotating shaft (21). The moving roller (17) is connected to the tapered plate (7), and the outer surface of the moving roller (17) has a threaded groove (18). The ball (20) is located in the threaded groove (18) and is adapted to the threaded groove (18). One end of the L-shaped rod (19) is connected to the ball (20), and the other end is connected to the rotating shaft (21). The rotating shaft (21) is located below the moving roller (17), and the axis of the rotating shaft (21) is collinear with the axis of the moving roller (17).

5. The multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating gear (22) is connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft (21). A limiting protrusion (23) is provided between the test chamber (1) and the rotating gear (22). The side of the limiting protrusion (23) near the rotating gear (22) is a smooth curved surface. Two toothed plates (24) mesh with each other on both sides of the rotating gear (22). A limiting groove (25) that partially encloses the toothed plate (24) is provided on the outside of the toothed plate (24). A sliding block (26) is connected to one end of each toothed plate (24). A sliding groove (27) that matches the sliding block (26) is provided on the bottom surface of the test chamber (1).

6. The multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Each sliding block (26) has two sealing plates (28) on both sides, and the two sealing plates (28) can completely cover the sliding groove (27).

7. The multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (29) is installed above the sliding block (26), and the top of the rotating shaft (29) is connected to the spray head (8).

8. The multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The orientation component includes a sliding rod (31) and an insulating elastic rope (32). The inner bottom surface of the test chamber (1) is provided with an arc groove (30). The sliding rod (31) is located in the arc groove (30), and the outer surface of the sliding rod (31) is tangent to the inside of the arc groove (30). One end of the insulating elastic rope (32) is connected to the top of the sliding rod (31) through a connector (33), and the other end of the insulating elastic rope (32) is connected to the bottom of the water spray head (8) through a connector (33). The extension line of the insulating elastic rope (32) projected on the bottom surface of the test chamber (1) always points towards the workpiece (3).

9. The multiphysics experimental device for simulating the coupling of lightning and rainwater as described in claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a sandstorm lightning coupling test module.

10. The test method of the multiphysics experimental apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix the workpiece (3) on the chuck (2) and assemble one end of the lightning simulation device into the test chamber (1) through the mounting hole (12) of the side cover (11). At the same time, connect the soft water pipe (9) to the water supply equipment. Step 2: Start the lightning simulation equipment. At the same time, the water supply equipment supplies water to the soft water pipe (9) and sprays the water onto the workpiece (3) through the water nozzle (8) to conduct the test on the workpiece (3). Step 3, the cylinder (13) drives the rotating assembly to rotate the rotating gear (22), and the rotating gear (22) drives the water spray head (8) to move along the direction of the sliding groove (27) through the tooth plate (24). At the same time, under the adjustment of the orientation assembly, the water outlet direction of the water spray head (8) is always towards the position of the workpiece (3). Step 4: Complete the test on workpiece (3) and remove workpiece (3).

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