Relay coil state determination method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a relay coil state determination method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the current working condition of a target relay; the current working condition comprises a coil power-on working condition and a coil power-off working condition; based on the current working condition, obtaining a target reference parameter of the target relay under the current working condition; and determining a coil state of the target relay under the current working condition based on the target reference parameter and a target judgment rule corresponding to the current working condition. Therefore, different target reference parameters and corresponding target judgment rules are configured for the target relay in the coil power-on working condition and the coil power-off working condition respectively, so that the state of the relay coil covered by all working conditions is determined, and the accuracy of determining the state of the relay coil is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electrical control and fault diagnosis, and particularly relates to a relay coil state determination method and device, an electronic device and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a key execution element in an electrical control system, a relay is widely used in the fields of automobile electronics, industrial automation, smart home, etc. Its core function is to control the contact opening and closing through the electromagnetic attraction generated by the coil power-on, so as to realize the indirect control of high-voltage and large-current loads. The accurate determination of the relay coil state has important application value in the fields of automobile electronics and industrial control, which can timely find the coil open circuit fault and avoid system function abnormalities caused by relay failure.

[0003] However, the existing relay coil state determination method can only determine the state under the coil power-on working condition of the relay, and cannot cover the coil power-off working condition of the relay, so that the coil low-side open circuit fault cannot be timely found, and the accuracy of the relay coil state determination is low. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a relay coil state determination method and device, an electronic device and a storage medium, which realize the relay coil state determination under all working conditions by configuring different target reference parameters and corresponding target determination rules for the target relay under the coil power-on working condition and the coil power-off working condition, and improve the accuracy of the relay coil state determination.

[0005] The present application mainly includes the following aspects: In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a relay coil state determination method, which comprises the following steps: obtaining the current working condition of a target relay; the current working condition comprises a coil power-on working condition and a coil power-off working condition; obtaining the target reference parameter of the target relay under the current working condition based on the current working condition; determining the coil state of the target relay under the current working condition based on the target reference parameter and the target determination rule corresponding to the current working condition.

[0006] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application further provide a relay coil state determination device, which comprises the following modules: a working condition obtaining module, configured to obtain the current working condition of a target relay; the current working condition comprises a coil power-on working condition and a coil power-off working condition; a parameter obtaining module, configured to obtain the target reference parameter of the target relay under the current working condition based on the current working condition; A state determination module is configured to determine the coil state of the target relay under the current working condition based on the target reference parameter and a target judgment rule corresponding to the current working condition.

[0007] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes a processor, a memory, and a bus. The memory stores machine readable instructions executable by the processor. When the electronic device is running, the processor communicates with the memory through the bus. The machine readable instructions are executed by the processor to perform the steps of the method for determining the coil state of a relay as described above.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to perform the steps of the method for determining the coil state of a relay as described above.

[0009] The method for determining the coil state of a relay, the device, the electronic device, and the storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application, wherein the method includes: obtaining a current working condition of a target relay; the current working condition includes a coil energization working condition and a coil de-energization working condition; obtaining a target reference parameter of the target relay under the current working condition based on the current working condition; and determining the coil state of the target relay under the current working condition based on the target reference parameter and a target judgment rule corresponding to the current working condition. In this way, by configuring different target reference parameters and corresponding target judgment rules for the target relay under the coil energization working condition and the coil de-energization working condition respectively, the coil state determination of the relay under all working conditions is realized, and the accuracy of the coil state determination of the relay is improved.

[0010] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, the following will give a detailed description of preferred embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation to the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for determining the coil state of a relay provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall flow of a method for determining the coil state of a relay provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 3A functional module diagram of a relay coil state determination device is shown. Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of an electronic device is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will be combined with the accompanying drawings for the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application and are not all the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0014] It is worth noting that, before the present application is proposed, the fault diagnosis technology for relays in the industry mainly focuses on contact sticking, overload, and other fault types. For the diagnosis of relay coil open circuit faults, the existing solutions mostly use single current detection or voltage detection methods.

[0015] For example, part of the existing technology passes a current sensor in series in the relay coil power supply circuit. When the coil is normally powered, the current value detected by the current sensor is within a preset normal range. If the coil is open, the current sensor detects that the current is zero, so as to judge the coil open circuit fault. Another part of the technology detects the voltage across the relay coil. If the coil is normal, the voltage across the two ends is close to the power supply voltage. If the coil is open, the voltage across the two ends is equal to the power supply voltage, thereby realizing fault diagnosis.

[0016] However, the existing technology can only diagnose when the relay control command is “ON”, that is, the coil is powered on. It cannot detect the coil open circuit fault when the control command is “OFF”, that is, the coil is powered off. For example, when the relay control command is “OFF”, if the coil is low-side open circuit, even if the subsequent command is switched to “ON”, the coil cannot be normally powered on. However, the existing technology cannot identify this fault in advance in this “OFF” working condition, resulting in low accuracy of relay coil state determination and lagging fault discovery.

[0017] To solve the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a relay coil state determination method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium, by configuring different target reference parameters and corresponding target judgment rules for the target relay coil in the coil energized working condition and the coil de-energized working condition, the relay coil state determination of full working condition coverage is realized, and the accuracy of the relay coil state determination is improved.

[0018] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the technical solutions provided by the present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The flow chart of a relay coil state determination method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the relay coil state determination method provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps: S101, obtaining the current working condition of the target relay; the current working condition comprises the coil energized working condition and the coil de-energized working condition.

[0020] Here, the battery negative control relay in the automobile electronics is taken as an example for illustration, in the new energy automobile low-voltage power supply system, the battery negative control relay is a core protection element, which functions to cut off the connection between the battery negative and the low-voltage load (such as vehicle-mounted ECU, light, windscreen wiper, etc.) in the vehicle power-off, fault protection and other scenarios, to avoid electric leakage or abnormal discharge. The relay coil rated parameters and diagnostic threshold are set as follows: Coil rated voltage: 13.5V (adapted to new energy automobile low-voltage battery power supply); Coil rated current: 800mA (to ensure that the coil generates sufficient electromagnetic attraction force to reliably attract the contact point); action current threshold : 500mA (below this current, the coil electromagnetic attraction force is insufficient, the contact point cannot be attracted, and it is determined that the current is abnormal); drive voltage threshold : 11V (below this voltage, the drive circuit output is insufficient, and cannot meet the normal working requirements of the coil); low-side voltage dividing resistor : 200 (considering that the coil internal resistance is about 5Ω, the voltage dividing resistor value needs to take into account the sampling accuracy and power consumption, to avoid excessive voltage division leading to insufficient power supply of the coil); normal voltage dividing ratio range: 0.92~0.98 (when the low side is normally connected, the voltage across the voltage dividing resistor is close to the coil supply voltage, ≈13.5V, ≈0.3V, the voltage dividing ratio ≈0.98; when the low side is open, there is no current through the voltage dividing resistor, = =0, =0, exceeding the threshold range); Fault maturity time: First preset time =Second preset time =150ms (The low-voltage system of new energy vehicles is subject to strong electromagnetic interference. The maturation time needs to be extended to filter the interference and avoid false alarms that may affect the normal start-up or hibernation of the vehicle.)

[0021] In this embodiment, the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) determines the current operating condition of the target relay in real time by monitoring the control commands sent to it: when the control command is a high-level "ON" signal, it is determined to be in a coil-energized condition, and the relay coil should be energized and engaged; when the control command is a low-level "OFF" signal, it is determined to be in a coil-de-energized condition, and the relay coil should be de-energized and disconnected. This mechanism of handling different operating conditions lays the foundation for subsequent differentiated fault diagnosis.

[0022] S102, Based on the current operating condition, obtain the target reference parameters of the target relay under the current operating condition.

[0023] Existing methods for diagnosing open-circuit faults in relay coils, relying solely on current or voltage detection, have weak anti-interference capabilities. If current detection is used, fluctuations in the supply voltage causing the normal operating current to approach the threshold may lead to a false positive for an open-circuit fault. If voltage detection is used, a slight contact defect in the coil (not completely open) may result in a voltage close to normal, easily leading to missed alarms. Furthermore, existing technologies do not consider fault maturity time; if electromagnetic interference causes instantaneous abnormal detection values, false alarms may occur, affecting system stability. Simultaneously, fault location is ambiguous, only able to determine the general fault of "coil open circuit," without further pinpointing whether the fault occurs on the high side (coil power supply side) or the low side (coil ground side). For example, both high-side and low-side open circuits result in zero current and abnormal voltage, but existing technologies cannot distinguish between them, causing difficulties and increasing maintenance costs and time. Therefore, in this embodiment, the VCU automatically selects and collects corresponding electrical or status parameters as target reference parameters for the current operating condition based on the identified different operating conditions. This improves diagnostic accuracy and anti-interference capabilities through joint detection of multiple parameters (current, high-side voltage, low-side voltage division ratio). Specifically, the relay coil circuit in this embodiment is configured with a relay coil high-side voltage acquisition device: a voltage sensor or voltage divider sampling circuit is connected in series in the high-side power supply circuit of the relay coil (between the coil input terminal and the power supply) to acquire the actual voltage value of the high side of the coil in real time, denoted as . The core function of this device is to determine whether there is a normal drive voltage input on the high side. Specifically, a general-purpose ADC sampling module or a differential voltage sensor is used, adapted to relays of different voltage levels. The relay coil high-side feedback current acquisition device: A current sensor (such as a Hall current sensor, shunt resistor + ADC sampling circuit) is connected in series in the relay coil high-side power supply circuit to acquire the coil's feedback current value in real time, denoted as... The core function of this device is to determine whether a normal current flows through the coil (i.e., whether there is a circuit). Specifically, a low-cost shunt resistor + ADC combination is used (to replace the expensive Hall sensor) to reduce hardware costs. The relay coil low-side voltage divider resistor and voltage acquisition device: A high-precision low-side voltage divider resistor is connected in series between the low side of the relay coil (between the coil output terminal and ground). (The resistance value is determined based on the coil's rated current and voltage to ensure that the voltage after voltage division is within the range of the acquisition device.) Voltage acquisition devices (such as ADC sampling modules) are installed at both ends of the voltage divider resistor to acquire the voltage values ​​across the resistor. (Near the coil end) and (Near the ground end). By calculating the partial voltage ratio. To determine if the low-side circuit is continuous, specifically, select a high-precision resistor (e.g., 1% accuracy) based on the relay coil parameters (rated voltage, current) to ensure accurate voltage division ratio calculation.

[0024] These device modules are all electrically connected to an external controller to transmit the collected voltage and current data to the controller, enabling data interaction and diagnostic logic execution. These parameters together constitute the set of target reference parameters required for status judgment under the current operating conditions.

[0025] S103, based on the target reference parameters and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current operating condition, determine the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition.

[0026] In this embodiment, a dedicated state determination rule library is preset for different operating conditions. The system inputs the currently collected target reference parameters into the determination rule for the corresponding operating condition, and by analyzing the logical relationship and duration between the parameters, finally outputs the current state of the coil. This operating condition-adaptive judgment mechanism solves the problem that existing technologies can only diagnose under the "ON" condition and cannot cover the "OFF" condition, realizing coil open circuit fault diagnosis under all operating conditions ("ON" and "OFF" command conditions), ensuring effective monitoring of the coil state throughout the entire relay operating cycle, and significantly improving the accuracy of state determination. At the same time, it solves the problem of ambiguous fault location in existing technologies, achieving precise fault location.

[0027] Furthermore, when the current operating condition is the coil energized operating condition, the target reference parameters of the target relay under the current operating condition include the high-side input / output control command, low-side input / output control command, high-side voltage, and high-side feedback current of the target relay.

[0028] In this embodiment, when the target relay is determined to be in the coil-energized state, four key parameters are simultaneously collected as the basis for state determination. First, the actual states of the high-side and low-side input / output control commands are read in real time through the digital input channel to ensure that the control signals have been correctly delivered to the drive end. Simultaneously, the high-side voltage value is measured in real time using a voltage sampling circuit installed in the relay coil power supply circuit; this voltage value reflects the actual output voltage level of the drive circuit. Furthermore, the high-side feedback current value flowing through the coil is accurately collected using a precision sampling resistor connected in series in the power supply circuit in conjunction with an analog-to-digital converter. These four parameters together constitute a complete evaluation system for the relay coil state under energized conditions. The control commands verify the control intent, and the electrical parameters reflect the actual operating state, providing a sufficient data foundation for subsequent accurate judgment.

[0029] Furthermore, when the current operating condition is a coil de-energized condition, the target reference parameters of the target relay under the current operating condition include the high-side input / output control command, the low-side input / output control command, and the voltage division ratio of the low-side circuit of the target relay.

[0030] In this embodiment, when the target relay is detected to be in a coil de-energized state, three key parameters are simultaneously collected for status monitoring. First, the actual status of the high-side input / output control command and the low-side input / output control command are acquired in real time through a digital input channel to confirm that both drive terminals are in an open state. Simultaneously, a precision voltage divider resistor (its resistance value is determined based on the coil's rated current and voltage, for example, 200Ω) is connected in series in the low-side coil circuit, and the voltage across the voltage divider resistor is measured through two independent voltage acquisition channels. Based on these two voltage measurements, the voltage division ratio of the low-side circuit is calculated, which accurately reflects the electrical continuity characteristics of the low-side circuit. These three parameters together constitute the monitoring system under de-energized conditions. The control command verifies the system's control state, while the voltage division ratio provides important electrical characteristics of the low-side circuit integrity, providing effective data support for timely detection of potential low-side open circuits.

[0031] Further, when the current operating condition is a coil energized operating condition, determining the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the target reference parameters and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current operating condition includes: Step a1: Determine the instruction execution state of the target relay based on the high-side input / output control instruction and the low-side input / output control instruction.

[0032] In this embodiment, taking the battery negative terminal control relay of a new energy vehicle as an example, when the vehicle is powered on (e.g., the driver presses the start button), the vehicle control unit (VCU) simultaneously sends an "ON" command to both the high-side and low-side drive terminals of the relay (the battery negative terminal needs to be connected, and the low-voltage load needs to be powered), requiring the relay coil to be energized and the contacts to close, connecting the battery negative terminal and the low-voltage load circuit. By detecting the actual response of the two drive terminals, it is confirmed whether both the high-side input / output (IO) control command and the low-side input / output control command are in the "ON" state. The high-side IO is connected to the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, and the low-side IO is connected to the voltage divider resistor and ground. Only when both drive terminals correctly respond to the "ON" command is the command execution state determined to be valid. This ensures that subsequent diagnosis is performed on the premise that the command is correctly transmitted. In this way, by eliminating "false faults" caused by incorrect IO command issuance, it is ensured that the diagnosis is based on the premise that the command has been transmitted normally, avoiding misjudgment.

[0033] Step a2: Based on the high-side feedback current and the preset operating current threshold, determine the coil circuit state of the target relay.

[0034] In this embodiment, a shunt resistor combined with an ADC sampling circuit is used to collect the high-side feedback current in real time. Set the operating current threshold. The minimum operating current is 500mA (determined based on the relay model and can be adjusted according to actual conditions). If the collected current value consistently falls below 500mA, it indicates that the current has not reached the operating threshold, the coil is not generating sufficient electromagnetic force, and there is a risk of an open circuit in the coil circuit. When the current reaches or exceeds 500mA, the coil circuit is considered to be functioning normally. Thus, by using current to determine coil continuity, insufficient current initially indicates a risk of an open circuit.

[0035] Step a3: Based on the high-side voltage and the preset driving voltage threshold, determine the driving output state of the target relay.

[0036] In this embodiment of the application, the high-side voltage is acquired in real time using a differential voltage sensor. Set the drive voltage threshold The voltage is 11V (determined based on the coil's rated voltage of 13.5V and the line voltage drop, and can be adjusted according to actual conditions). When acquiring the high-side voltage... Greater than or equal to the drive voltage threshold When there is a normal driving voltage on the high side, the drive output status is confirmed to be normal. If there is a fault, the cause should be an open circuit in the coil. When the high side voltage is sampled... Continuously below the drive voltage threshold If the high-side voltage is measured, it indicates that there is no output at the drive end, and the root cause of the fault lies in the drive circuit. Therefore, by sampling the high-side voltage, a high-side open-circuit fault can be distinguished from a drive no-output fault, thus determining the specific location of the relay coil fault.

[0037] Step a4: Based on the instruction execution state, the coil path state, and the drive output state, determine the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition.

[0038] In this embodiment, a three-state joint determination logic is established: when the instruction execution state is valid, the coil path state is abnormal, and the drive output state is normal, and this state lasts for 150ms, the coil state is determined to be a high-side open circuit state; when the instruction execution state is valid, the coil path state is abnormal, and the drive output state is abnormal, and this state lasts for 150ms, the coil state is determined to be a drive no-output state; in other cases, the coil state is determined to be normal. This multi-state joint determination method can accurately distinguish fault types, achieve precise fault location, and improve diagnostic accuracy.

[0039] Further, determining the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the instruction execution state, the coil path state, and the drive output state includes: Step b1: If the target relay is in the first state, then the coil state is determined to be the high-side open circuit state; the first state is the instruction execution state being valid, the coil circuit state being abnormal, and the drive output state being normal, and lasts for a first preset time.

[0040] In this embodiment, taking the negative terminal control relay of a new energy vehicle battery as an example, the first state is specifically manifested as follows: the VCU detects that both the high-side and low-side IO control commands are "ON" (command execution state is valid), while the high-side feedback current is less than 500mA (coil circuit state is abnormal), but the high-side voltage is higher than 11V (drive output state is normal). When these three conditions are met simultaneously and continue for a first preset time... If the time is 150ms, the coil state is determined to be open-circuited on the high side. This indicates that the drive circuit output is normal, but the current cannot flow through the coil normally. The fault point is located in the high-side power supply circuit of the relay coil. For example, the high-side power supply harness connector of the relay may have become loose due to oxidation caused by vibration, resulting in increased contact resistance (approximately 50Ω), and the actual current of the coil is reduced by voltage division. The first preset time... By setting the system's electromagnetic interference intensity (e.g., 50ms~200ms), false alarms caused by momentary power supply drops or electromagnetic pulses leading to transient current / voltage anomalies can be avoided. This significantly improves the reliability of diagnostic results, reduces unnecessary system downtime and alarms, and is particularly suitable for scenarios with complex electromagnetic environments such as new energy vehicles and industrial automation, ensuring stable system operation.

[0041] Step b2: If the target relay is in the second state, then the coil state is determined to be a drive-no-output state; the second state is that the instruction execution state is valid, the coil circuit state is abnormal, and the drive output state is abnormal, and this state lasts for the first preset time.

[0042] In this embodiment, the second state is specifically manifested as follows: the VCU detects that both the high-side and low-side IO control commands are "ON" (command execution state is valid), the high-side feedback current is less than 500mA (coil path state is abnormal), and the high-side voltage is also less than 11V (drive output state is abnormal). When these three conditions are met simultaneously and last for a first preset time of 150ms, the coil state is determined to be a no-output drive state. This situation indicates that the root cause of the fault lies in the drive circuit itself (rather than the coil), for example, the MOSFET in the drive circuit is damaged, causing it to be unable to provide sufficient output voltage, thus causing the coil to malfunction. This helps prevent maintenance personnel from mistakenly repairing the coil and reduces maintenance costs.

[0043] Step b3: If the target relay is not in the first state or the second state, then the coil state is determined to be normal.

[0044] In this embodiment, the determination of the normal state adopts an exclusion method: the coil state is determined to be normal as long as either the first state or the second state condition is not met. This includes, but is not limited to, the following situations: abnormal IO control command (any command is not "ON"), normal high-side feedback current (≥500mA), or the duration of the first state or the second state does not reach 150ms. This determination method ensures that no false alarms will occur in the case of abnormal command transmission, transient interference, etc., thus improving the judgment accuracy.

[0045] Furthermore, when the current operating condition is a coil de-energized condition, determining the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the target reference parameters and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current operating condition includes: Step c1: Determine the instruction execution state of the target relay based on the high-side input / output control instruction and the low-side input / output control instruction.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the vehicle is turned off, the vehicle controller issues an "OFF" command, requiring the coil to be de-energized. At this time, the actual state of the high-side and low-side drive terminals is detected to confirm that both have correctly switched to the "OFF" state. Only when both drive terminals maintain a stable "OFF" state is the command execution state determined to be valid. This ensures that subsequent diagnosis is performed when the relay is indeed de-energized, thus eliminating misjudgments caused by abnormal commands.

[0047] Step c2: Determine the low-side circuit state of the target relay based on the voltage division ratio of the low-side circuit and the preset normal voltage division ratio range.

[0048] In this embodiment, a 200Ω coil is connected in series between the low side of the relay coil and ground. Low-side voltage divider resistor The voltage across the voltage divider resistor is sampled synchronously using a dual-channel ADC module. and Calculate the partial voltage ratio. The normal voltage divider ratio is set to a range of 0.92-0.98. When the low-side is in normal path, ≈13.5V, ≈0.3V, voltage divider ratio ≈0.98, which is within the normal range; when the low side is open, there is no current flowing through the voltage divider resistor. = =0, =0, outside the normal range. The status of the low-side circuit is determined as normal or abnormal based on whether the voltage divider ratio is within the normal range.

[0049] Step c3: Based on the instruction execution state and the low-side circuit state, determine the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition.

[0050] In this embodiment, a dual-state joint determination logic is established: when the instruction execution state is valid and the low-side circuit state is abnormal, and this state lasts for a second preset time of 150ms, the coil state is determined to be in a low-side open circuit state; in other cases (including an invalid instruction execution state, a normal low-side circuit state, or a duration not reaching 150ms), the coil state is determined to be in a normal state. This determination mechanism can effectively identify low-side open circuit faults under relay de-energization conditions, detect faults in advance, and prevent the coil from failing to be energized when a subsequent "ON" instruction is given, providing timely fault warning.

[0051] Further, determining the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the instruction execution state and the low-side loop state includes: Step d1: If the target relay is in the third state, then the coil state is determined to be the low-side open circuit state; the third state is the instruction execution state being valid and the low-side circuit state being abnormal, and lasts for a second preset time.

[0052] In this embodiment, taking the battery negative terminal control relay after the vehicle is turned off as an example, the third state is specifically manifested as follows: the VCU confirms that both the high-side and low-side IO control commands are "OFF" (command execution state is valid), and at the same time, the calculated low-side voltage divider ratio K=0 (signally exceeding the normal range of 0.92-0.98), indicating that the low-side circuit state is abnormal. When both conditions are met simultaneously and continue for a second preset time... If the timer is 150ms, the coil state is determined to be an open circuit on the low side. For example, the connection bolt between the voltage divider resistor and the vehicle ground may have broken due to corrosion, resulting in an open circuit on the low side. This indicates an open circuit fault in the low-side circuit when the relay is de-energized. The system will report the fault code via the CAN bus and activate the backup protection strategy (such as activating the backup negative relay) to prevent leakage when the vehicle is in sleep mode. The second preset time... By combining the static characteristics settings of the low-side loop (which can be the same as or different from T1), false alarms due to abnormal voltage division ratio caused by momentary poor contact in the grounding loop are prevented. This can significantly improve the reliability of diagnostic results, reduce unnecessary system downtime and alarms, and is especially suitable for scenarios with complex electromagnetic environments such as new energy vehicles and industrial automation, ensuring stable system operation.

[0053] Step d2: If the target relay is not in the third state, then the coil state is determined to be normal.

[0054] In this embodiment, the determination of the normal state adopts an exclusion method: as long as any condition of the third state is not met, the coil state is determined to be normal. This includes, but is not limited to, the following situations: abnormal IO control command (any command is not "OFF"), low-side voltage division ratio is within the normal range of 0.92-0.98, or the duration of the abnormal state does not reach 150ms. This determination method effectively avoids misjudgment caused by transient interference or abnormal command transmission, ensuring the reliability of state determination under power-off conditions such as vehicle sleep mode.

[0055] The following specific example further illustrates the battery bottom protection plate damage detection method provided in this application embodiment: Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the overall flow of a method for determining the state of a relay coil provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, after the vehicle starts, it first enters the relay condition judgment stage: when the relay is in the coil energized condition, it enters the coil energized condition diagnostic process. At this time, the target reference parameters under the coil energized condition are collected simultaneously, namely the high-side IO control command, the low-side IO control command, the high-side voltage, and the high-side feedback current. After the parameter collection is completed, the system performs a three-level state judgment: first, it verifies whether both IO commands are in the "ON" state to confirm the command execution state; then, it detects whether the feedback current is lower than the operating current threshold. Determine the coil circuit status; finally, measure whether the high-side voltage reaches the drive voltage threshold. The drive output status is evaluated. Based on the combination relationship of the three states, when the target relay is in the first state, that is, the command execution state is valid, the coil circuit state is abnormal, and the drive output state is normal, and this lasts for a first preset time... When the target relay is in the second state, i.e., the command execution state is valid, the coil circuit state is abnormal, and the drive output state is abnormal, and this condition persists for a first preset time, it is determined to be in a high-side open-circuit state. When the condition is met, it is determined that the drive has no output; otherwise, it is determined to be a normal state.

[0056] When the relay is in the coil de-energized condition, the process switches to the coil de-energized condition diagnostic procedure. At this point, the target reference parameters for the coil de-energized condition are acquired, namely the high-side I / O command, the low-side I / O command, and the low-side voltage division ratio. First, it is verified that both I / O commands are in the "OFF" state to confirm that the relay is in the correct de-energized condition; then, the voltage division ratio is calculated. And determine whether it is within the normal voltage divider ratio range. When the target relay is in the third state, that is, the command execution state is in an effective state and the low-side circuit state is in an abnormal state, and this lasts for a second preset time. When the condition is met, it is determined to be a low-side open circuit state; otherwise, it is determined to be a normal state.

[0057] All diagnostic results are ultimately uploaded to the vehicle control system in real time via the CAN bus, triggering corresponding fault indicator lights and fault code recordings. Simultaneously, appropriate system protection strategies are automatically activated based on the diagnostic results. This solution, verified through actual vehicle installation, achieves accurate determination of relay coil states under all operating conditions, effectively improving the reliability and safety of the vehicle's electrical system.

[0058] This application provides a method for determining the state of a relay coil, comprising: acquiring the current operating condition of a target relay; the current operating condition including a coil energized condition and a coil de-energized condition; acquiring target reference parameters of the target relay under the current operating condition; and determining the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the target reference parameters and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current operating condition. In this way, by configuring different target reference parameters and corresponding target judgment rules for the target relay under the coil energized and de-energized conditions, the determination of the relay coil state covers all operating conditions, improving the accuracy of relay coil state determination.

[0059] Based on the same application concept, this application also provides a relay coil state determination device corresponding to the relay coil state determination method provided in the above embodiments. Since the principle of the device in this application to solve the problem is similar to the relay coil state determination method in the above embodiments of this application, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the method, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0060] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is one of the functional block diagrams of a relay coil state determination device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the relay coil state determination device 300 provided in this application embodiment includes: The operating condition acquisition module 310 is used to acquire the current operating condition of the target relay; the current operating condition includes coil energized operating condition and coil de-energized operating condition.

[0061] The parameter acquisition module 320 is used to acquire the target reference parameters of the target relay under the current operating conditions based on the current operating conditions.

[0062] The state determination module 330 is used to determine the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the target reference parameters and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current operating condition.

[0063] Furthermore, when the current operating condition is a coil energized operating condition, when the state determination module 330 determines the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the target reference parameters and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current operating condition, the state determination module 330 is specifically used for: Based on the high-side input / output control command and the low-side input / output control command, determine the command execution state of the target relay; Based on the high-side feedback current and the preset operating current threshold, the coil circuit state of the target relay is determined; Based on the high-side voltage and the preset driving voltage threshold, the driving output state of the target relay is determined; Based on the instruction execution state, the coil path state, and the drive output state, the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition is determined.

[0064] Furthermore, when the state determination module 330 determines the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the instruction execution state, the coil path state, and the drive output state, the state determination module 330 is specifically used for: If the target relay is in the first state, then the coil state is determined to be the high-side open circuit state; the first state is the instruction execution state being valid, the coil circuit state being abnormal, and the drive output state being normal, and lasts for a first preset time; If the target relay is in the second state, then the coil state is determined to be a drive-no-output state; the second state is that the instruction execution state is valid, the coil circuit state is abnormal, and the drive output state is abnormal, and this state lasts for the first preset time. If the target relay is not in the first state or the second state, then the coil state is determined to be normal.

[0065] Furthermore, when the current operating condition is a coil de-energized condition, the state determination module 330, when determining the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the target reference parameters and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current operating condition, specifically performs the following functions: Based on the high-side input / output control command and the low-side input / output control command, determine the command execution state of the target relay; Based on the voltage division ratio of the low-side circuit and the preset normal voltage division ratio range, the low-side circuit state of the target relay is determined; Based on the instruction execution state and the low-side loop state, the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition is determined.

[0066] Furthermore, when the state determination module 330 determines the coil state of the target relay under the current operating condition based on the instruction execution state and the low-side loop state, the state determination module 330 is specifically used for: If the target relay is in the third state, then the coil state is determined to be the low-side open circuit state; the third state is that the instruction execution state is valid, the low-side circuit state is abnormal, and it lasts for a second preset time. If the target relay is not in the third state, then the coil state is determined to be normal.

[0067] This application provides a device for determining the state of a relay coil, comprising: a working condition acquisition module for acquiring the current working condition of a target relay; the current working condition includes a coil energized working condition and a coil de-energized working condition; a parameter acquisition module for acquiring target reference parameters of the target relay under the current working condition; and a state determination module for determining the coil state of the target relay under the current working condition based on the target reference parameters and target judgment rules corresponding to the current working condition. Thus, by configuring different target reference parameters and corresponding target judgment rules for the target relay under the coil energized and coil de-energized working conditions, full-condition coverage of relay coil state determination is achieved, improving the accuracy of relay coil state determination.

[0068] Based on the same application concept, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 400 includes a processor 410, a memory 420, and a bus 430.

[0069] The memory 420 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 410. When the electronic device 400 is running, the processor 410 and the memory 420 communicate through the bus 430. When the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor 410, they perform the steps of the method for determining the state of the relay coil provided in the above embodiment. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0070] Based on the same concept, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is run by a processor, it executes the steps of the method for determining the state of a relay coil provided in the above embodiments. For specific implementation details, please refer to the method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0071] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the above-described apparatus and unit can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0072] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0073] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0074] In addition, the functional units in the embodiments provided in this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0075] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0076] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. All should be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of determining the state of a relay coil, characterized by, The method comprises: acquiring a current working condition of a target relay; the current working condition comprises a coil energized working condition and a coil de-energized working condition; based on the current working condition, acquiring a target reference parameter of the target relay in the current working condition; based on the target reference parameter and a target judgment rule corresponding to the current working condition, determining a coil state of the target relay in the current working condition.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein When the current working condition is the coil energized working condition, the target reference parameter of the target relay in the current working condition comprises a high-side input-output control instruction, a low-side input-output control instruction, a high-side voltage and a high-side feedback current of the target relay.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein When the current working condition is the coil de-energized working condition, the target reference parameter of the target relay in the current working condition comprises a high-side input-output control instruction, a low-side input-output control instruction and a voltage division ratio of a low-side loop of the target relay.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein When the current working condition is the coil energized working condition, based on the target reference parameter and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current working condition, determining the coil state of the target relay in the current working condition comprises: based on the high-side input-output control instruction and the low-side input-output control instruction, determining an instruction execution state of the target relay; based on the high-side feedback current and a preset action current threshold, determining a coil passage state of the target relay; based on the high-side voltage and a preset driving voltage threshold, determining a driving output state of the target relay; based on the instruction execution state, the coil passage state and the driving output state, determining the coil state of the target relay in the current working condition.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein The determination of the coil state of the target relay in the current working condition based on the instruction execution state, the coil passage state and the driving output state comprises: if the target relay is in a first state, determining that the coil state is a high-side open circuit state; the first state is that the instruction execution state is a valid state, the coil passage state is an abnormal state, the driving output state is a normal state, and the first state lasts for a first preset time; if the target relay is in a second state, determining that the coil state is a driving no output state; the second state is that the instruction execution state is a valid state, the coil passage state is an abnormal state, the driving output state is an abnormal state, and the second state lasts for the first preset time; if the target relay is not in the first state or the second state, determining that the coil state is a normal state.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein When the current working condition is the coil de-energized working condition, based on the target reference parameter and the target judgment rule corresponding to the current working condition, determining the coil state of the target relay in the current working condition comprises: based on the high-side input-output control instruction and the low-side input-output control instruction, determining an instruction execution state of the target relay; based on the voltage division ratio of the low-side loop and a preset normal voltage division ratio range, determining a low-side loop state of the target relay; determining a coil state of the target relay in the current working condition based on the instruction execution state and the low-side loop state.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein The determining the coil state of the target relay in the current working condition based on the instruction execution state and the low-side loop state comprises: if the target relay is in a third state, determining the coil state as a low-side open state; the third state is that the instruction execution state is a valid state, the low-side loop state is an abnormal state, and the third state lasts for a second preset time; if the target relay is not in the third state, determining the coil state as a normal state.

8. A relay coil state determining apparatus characterized by comprising: The relay coil state determination apparatus comprises: a working condition acquisition module configured to acquire a current working condition of a target relay; the current working condition comprises a coil energization working condition and a coil de-energization working condition; a parameter acquisition module configured to acquire a target reference parameter of the target relay in the current working condition based on the current working condition; a state determination module configured to determine a coil state of the target relay in the current working condition based on the target reference parameter and a target judgment rule corresponding to the current working condition.

9. An electronic device, comprising: comprise: a processor, a memory and a bus, the memory stores machine readable instructions executable by the processor, when the electronic device is running, the processor and the memory communicate through the bus, the machine readable instructions are executed by the processor to execute the steps of the relay coil state determination method in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to execute the steps of the relay coil state determination method in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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