Adaptive range switching method, device, equipment and storage medium for DC current source

Abstract

This invention relates to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for adaptive range switching of a DC current source. The method includes configuring three independent sets of current acquisition circuits (minimum, intermediate, and maximum) in hardware, with a gating circuit composed of high-frequency switching devices connected in parallel only on the minimum and intermediate range acquisition branches. Software presets closed-loop control parameter sets and rise / fall thresholds corresponding to each range. During system operation, the output current is acquired in real time and compared with the preset thresholds. Based on the comparison result, the switching state of the gating circuit is automatically controlled to switch the current feedback signal source used for closed-loop control and synchronously switch to the corresponding control parameter set. Finally, high-precision closed-loop adjustment is performed by combining the acquired data of the target range. This invention, through the combination of hardware gating and parameter adaptation, achieves smooth and disturbance-free automatic range switching across the entire range, significantly improving the measurement accuracy and control stability in the low-current output segment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of power supply current, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for adaptive range switching of a DC current source. Background Technology

[0002] Programmable DC current sources, as fundamental testing and measurement devices, are widely used in semiconductor characteristic analysis, sensor calibration, precision instrument power supply, and scientific research experiments. With the continuous expansion of application scenarios, more stringent technical requirements are being placed on current sources: they not only need to possess high precision and stability within a single range, but also maintain excellent performance indicators over an extremely wide output range, i.e., they must have adaptive output capability across a wide range. Traditional wide-range DC current source designs primarily employ a single sampling resistor and a high-resolution analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Their dynamic range is limited by the ADC's resolution, making it difficult to maintain high measurement signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy at low current ranges while covering an extremely wide range. While using multiple sampling resistors with different values, switched via mechanical relays or analog switches, can extend the range, it is prone to introducing voltage spikes and changes in on-resistance during switching, leading to output current jumps or brief periods of uncontrolled flow, disrupting continuity and stability. Furthermore, relay lifespan and switching speed are limited. Therefore, existing technologies struggle to achieve a good balance between structural complexity, cost, switching speed, seamless continuity, and full-range accuracy. There is an urgent need for a circuit structure and control method that can automatically, quickly, and smoothly switch to the optimal measurement and control range based on the output current magnitude, thereby achieving high accuracy, high stability, and rapid dynamic response across the entire output range. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method, device, equipment, and storage medium for adaptive range switching of DC current sources. Through hardware gating and parameter adaptive coordination, it achieves smooth and uninterrupted automatic range switching across the entire range, significantly improving the measurement accuracy and control stability of the low current output segment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a DC current source adaptive range switching method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] A DC current source is identified, and a first current value of the DC current source is acquired. An initial effective range is determined based on the comparison result between the amplitude of the first current value and a preset initial threshold. The first control parameter group corresponding to the initial effective range is activated from a preset set of multiple control parameter groups. The initial effective range corresponds to the first acquisition circuit of three preset independent acquisition circuits. The first acquisition circuit is connected to the feedback link through a control switch circuit. The first acquisition circuit constitutes the initial feedback signal source for closed-loop control.

[0006] Based on the first acquisition circuit, the second output current value of the DC current source is acquired in real time. The second output current value is preprocessed in combination with the first control parameter group. The real-time amplitude of the preprocessed second output current value is extracted and compared with the rise threshold and fall threshold corresponding to the current effective range.

[0007] Based on the comparison results, the feedback signal source of the closed-loop control is switched to obtain the target feedback signal source after switching, and the second control parameter group corresponding to the target range is loaded from the preset multiple control parameter groups.

[0008] Based on the switched target feedback signal source and the loaded second control parameter group, a closed-loop regulation operation is performed to generate a control signal to drive the DC current source and perform closed-loop control on the DC current source.

[0009] Furthermore, the step of identifying the DC current source and acquiring a first current value of the DC current source includes:

[0010] Set the range of the three sets of acquisition circuits, set the rated maximum value of adjacent ranges to a preset ratio, and set the rated maximum value of the minimum range and the middle range to be less than the rated maximum value of the maximum range, so as to adapt to the small current, medium current and large current output range respectively.

[0011] A switching circuit is connected in parallel only at the input or output of the minimum range acquisition circuit and the intermediate range acquisition circuit. The switching circuit consists of at least one switching transistor and is used to shunt the current of the corresponding acquisition circuit when the range is switched.

[0012] The maximum range acquisition circuit is rated to match the maximum output capacity of the DC current source and is connected to the output bus for the acquisition of the first current value and the transmission of the initial feedback signal when the current is outputting at high current.

[0013] The output bus connection status and acquisition circuit of the DC current source are identified. The initial output current signal of the DC current source is acquired synchronously through the three sets of independent acquisition circuits. After the initial output current signal is filtered, the first current value used for initial effective range determination is obtained.

[0014] Furthermore, the step of activating the first control parameter group corresponding to the initial effective range from a preset set of multiple control parameter groups, wherein the initial effective range corresponds to the first acquisition circuit of a preset set of three independent acquisition circuits, and the first acquisition circuit is connected to the feedback link through a control switch circuit, includes:

[0015] The control module retrieves and enables the first control parameter group, and the first acquisition circuit sends the on / off command of the first control parameter group to access the closed-loop feedback link.

[0016] Only the data from the first acquisition circuit is allowed to participate in the control calculation. The closed-loop calculation formula and the convergence conditions for the appropriate range and accuracy are configured in combination with the first control parameter group.

[0017] Furthermore, the step of acquiring the second output current value of the DC current source in real time based on the first acquisition circuit, and preprocessing the second current value in combination with the first control parameter group, includes:

[0018] The first acquisition circuit acquires the second output current value of the DC current source in real time at a preset frequency, and the second output current value is synchronously transmitted to the control module;

[0019] The control module calls the filter coefficients and calibration parameters in the first control parameter group to perform digital filtering and amplitude calibration preprocessing on the second output current value.

[0020] Furthermore, the step of comparing the real-time amplitude of the preprocessed second output current value with the rise threshold and fall threshold corresponding to the current effective range includes:

[0021] Extract the real-time amplitude of the preprocessed second output current value, call the rise threshold and fall threshold bound to the current effective range, and perform a quantitative comparison between the real-time amplitude and the two sets of rise and fall thresholds;

[0022] If the real-time amplitude is outside the range of the descent threshold and the rise threshold, it is determined that the range needs to be switched;

[0023] If the real-time amplitude is between the descent threshold and the rise threshold, the current effective range is maintained.

[0024] Furthermore, the step of switching the feedback signal source of the closed-loop control based on the comparison result to obtain the switched target feedback signal source, and loading the second control parameter group corresponding to the target range from the preset multiple sets of control parameter groups, includes:

[0025] Determine the target range to be switched based on the comparison results;

[0026] The control switch circuit cuts off the feedback path of the current effective range acquisition circuit and switches to the acquisition circuit corresponding to the target range. The acquisition circuit constitutes the target feedback signal source for closed-loop control.

[0027] The second control parameter group that matches the target range is retrieved from the preset multiple control parameter groups. The second control parameter group pre-stores the core control parameters that are adapted to the target range, and the second control parameter group is loaded and enabled.

[0028] Furthermore, the step of performing closed-loop regulation calculations based on the switched target feedback signal source and the loaded second control parameter group to generate a control signal to drive the DC current source and perform closed-loop control on the DC current source includes:

[0029] The target feedback signal source acquires the output current signal of the DC current source in real time and transmits the output current signal to the control module synchronously.

[0030] The control module calls the second control parameter group and performs closed-loop regulation calculation in combination with the output current signal. The closed-loop regulation calculation dynamically corrects the output deviation based on the control logic adapted to the target range and generates the corresponding control signal.

[0031] The control signal is adapted to the power conversion unit drive requirements of the DC current source, and the output current is regulated by adjusting the conduction state of the power switching device.

[0032] The output data of the target feedback signal source is continuously monitored, and the control signal parameters are dynamically optimized based on the results of the closed-loop adjustment operation.

[0033] The present invention also provides a DC current source adaptive range switching device, comprising:

[0034] The data acquisition module starts the corresponding acquisition circuit based on the current effective range, acquires the output current signal of the DC current source in real time and performs preprocessing, and transmits the preprocessed current data to the threshold judgment module.

[0035] The parameter configuration module is used to receive the range switching command from the range switching module and output the threshold parameter of the current effective range and the control parameter group of the target range.

[0036] The initial range determination module is used to identify the DC current source and collect its initial current value, determine the initial effective range by combining it with the preset initial threshold, send the initial parameter enable command to the parameter configuration module, and synchronously control the data acquisition module to connect the acquisition circuit corresponding to the initial effective range.

[0037] The threshold judgment module is used to receive the preprocessed current data transmitted by the data acquisition module, call the current effective range's rise threshold and fall threshold in the parameter configuration module, perform threshold comparison calculation, and transmit the judgment result to the range switching module.

[0038] The range switching module is used to receive the judgment result of the threshold judgment module, generate the range switching command, and send it synchronously to the parameter configuration module and the data acquisition module to control the on and off of the corresponding control switch circuit in the data acquisition module, thereby realizing the unique switching of the feedback signal source.

[0039] The closed-loop control module receives the target range control parameter set output by the parameter configuration module and the real-time feedback signal transmitted by the data acquisition module, performs closed-loop adjustment calculations, generates control signals adapted to the DC current source power conversion unit, and drives the DC current source to achieve closed-loop control of the output current.

[0040] The present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the DC current source adaptive range switching method described above.

[0041] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the DC current source adaptive range switching method described in any of the above claims. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a hardware layout diagram of the multi-range acquisition circuit and the shielding switch circuit in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the range switching logic in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is an output data diagram of the single-range model 1000A in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is an output data diagram of the 1000A three-range measuring machine according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a DC current source adaptive range switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of a DC current source adaptive range switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 The above is a flowchart illustrating an adaptive range switching method for a DC current source proposed in this invention, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1, Identify a DC current source, acquire the first current value of the DC current source, determine the initial effective range based on the comparison result of the amplitude of the first current value and the preset initial threshold, activate the first control parameter group corresponding to the initial effective range from the preset multiple control parameter groups, the initial effective range corresponds to the first acquisition circuit of the preset three independent acquisition circuits, the first acquisition circuit is connected to the feedback link through the control switch circuit, and the first acquisition circuit constitutes the initial feedback signal source of closed-loop control;

[0052] S2, based on the first acquisition circuit, the second output current value of the DC current source is acquired in real time. The second output current value is preprocessed in combination with the first control parameter group. The real-time amplitude of the preprocessed second output current value is extracted and compared with the rise threshold and fall threshold corresponding to the current effective range.

[0053] S3, based on the comparison result, switch the feedback signal source of the closed-loop control to obtain the switched target feedback signal source, and load the second control parameter group corresponding to the target range from the preset multiple control parameter groups;

[0054] S4, based on the switched target feedback signal source and the loaded second control parameter group, perform closed-loop regulation calculation to generate a control signal to drive the DC current source and perform closed-loop control on the DC current source.

[0055] As described in step S1 above, by deploying three independent current acquisition circuits (matching different current output ranges) of minimum, intermediate, and maximum ranges, adopting a physical isolation channel design to avoid cross-range crosstalk, and implementing differentiated switch configurations, the minimum / intermediate range acquisition circuits are configured with controlled switches, and the maximum range acquisition circuit is directly connected to the output bus, the switching delay and accuracy deviation problems of traditional multi-range acquisition schemes are solved, and finally a hardware foundation supporting adaptive switching is built, providing hardware support for subsequent current acquisition and feedback control.

[0056] As described in step S2 above, the initial output current amplitude of the DC current source is collected and compared with the preset initial threshold to determine the appropriate initial effective range; the control parameter group corresponding to the range is loaded synchronously, and the switching circuit is controlled to turn on and off, so that the acquisition circuit corresponding to the initial effective range is connected to the closed-loop feedback link alone, and the other range circuits are disconnected, so as to achieve precise isolation of the feedback signal, avoid the accuracy loss caused by the initial range mismatch, and lay the initial control foundation for subsequent real-time monitoring and adaptive switching.

[0057] As described in step S3 above, the initial feedback link constructed based on S2 is used to collect the current signal in real time by the corresponding acquisition circuit. The signal is then filtered and noise-reducing preprocessed in combination with the enabled control parameter group to optimize the signal accuracy. Subsequently, the preprocessed current amplitude is compared with the current effective range's rise and fall thresholds to accurately identify the current current's range adaptation status and output a clear judgment basis for "whether to switch ranges". This avoids erroneous switching caused by interference from the original signal or comparison deviation, and provides decision support for subsequent switching actions.

[0058] As described in step S4 above, based on the judgment result of S3, the feedback signal source of the closed-loop control is switched to the target range acquisition circuit, and the control parameter group corresponding to the target range is loaded synchronously to realize the synchronous adaptation of the feedback link and the control parameters. Then, based on the adapted feedback signal source and parameter group, the closed-loop adjustment operation is performed to generate the control signal of the adapted power module, drive the DC current source output, and rely on the feedback link to continuously collect data to dynamically correct the deviation, and finally ensure that the DC current source outputs stably under the target range, completing the complete closed loop of "monitoring-judgment-switching-control".

[0059] In one embodiment, step S1, which involves identifying a DC current source, acquiring a first current value from the DC current source, determining an initial effective range based on a comparison between the amplitude of the first current value and a preset initial threshold, and activating the first control parameter group corresponding to the initial effective range from a preset set of multiple control parameter groups, wherein the initial effective range corresponds to a first acquisition circuit of three preset independent acquisition circuits, and the first acquisition circuit is connected to a feedback link via a control switch circuit, and the first acquisition circuit constitutes the initial feedback signal source for closed-loop control, includes:

[0060] S11, configured with hardware acquisition architecture;

[0061] S12, acquire the initial current signal;

[0062] S13, Determine the initial effective range;

[0063] S14, enable the adaptation parameter group;

[0064] S15, Construct the initial feedback loop.

[0065] In the specific implementation process, based on the maximum output capability of the DC current source of 1000A, refer to Figure 4The parameters for the three-range model specify the range specifications of the three independent current acquisition circuits as follows: minimum range 10A, intermediate range 150A, and maximum range 1000A. Each group is adapted to current output ranges of 0.05A to 10A, 10A to 150A, and 150A to 1000A, respectively. The rated maximum values ​​of adjacent ranges are in a preset ratio of 1:15:100, achieving full output range coverage without overlap or omission. The three acquisition circuits adopt an isolated sampling channel design, each equipped with an independent sampling resistor, signal conditioning module, and data transmission link. Channel isolation avoids cross-range signal crosstalk. Figure 4 Data shows that in the low current range, such as 0.05A, the three-range model actually outputs 0.0428A with an accuracy of -0.001%, while the single-range model outputs 0.2527A with an accuracy of 0.02%. This design significantly improves the accuracy of low-range acquisition. To address range switching control requirements, a controlled switching circuit consisting of at least one semiconductor switching transistor is connected in parallel on the signal path at the input or output of the minimum and intermediate range acquisition circuits; the maximum range acquisition circuit is directly connected to the output bus, and its range parameters match the maximum output capability of the DC current source. This differentiated configuration and... Figure 1 The hardware layout logic of the shielded switch circuits 1 and 2 corresponding to the 4A, 40A, and 400A acquisition circuits shown is consistent, allowing the controlled switches to precisely control the connection or disconnection of the minimum and intermediate range acquisition circuits through their on / off states. After the deployment of each set of acquisition circuits is completed, the reference is verified through actual testing. Figure 4 The output data ensures that the minimum range is adapted to high-precision acquisition with low current, the intermediate range is connected to the transition range, and the maximum range is matched to full-load output, forming a hardware architecture with independent acquisition channels and range-differentiated switch configurations. Based on the aforementioned hardware architecture, after the DC current source is activated, three sets of acquisition circuits synchronously acquire the initial output current signal at a frequency of 100Hz to obtain the initial current signal used for range determination, with the acquisition error controlled within ±0.01%. The control module calls preset initial thresholds of 10A and 150A, and quantizes and compares the initial current signal with the thresholds: when the amplitude is <10A, the initial effective range is determined to be the minimum range; when 10A ≤ amplitude ≤ 150A, it is determined to be the intermediate range; and when the amplitude is >150A, it is determined to be the maximum range. According to the determination result, the corresponding control parameter group is retrieved and activated from multiple preset control parameter groups. Finally, the feedback link configuration is achieved by controlling the on / off state of the control switch circuit: when the initial effective range is the minimum range, its corresponding switch circuit is disconnected and the intermediate range switch circuit is closed; when it is the intermediate range, the minimum range switch circuit is closed and the intermediate range switch circuit is disconnected; when it is the maximum range, the minimum range and intermediate range switch circuits are closed, so that the acquisition circuit corresponding to the initial effective range is connected to the feedback link alone, forming the initial feedback signal source for closed-loop control.

[0066] In one embodiment, step S2, which involves real-time acquisition of the second output current value of the DC current source based on the first acquisition circuit, preprocessing the second output current value in conjunction with the first control parameter group, and extracting the real-time amplitude of the preprocessed second output current value for comparison with the lift threshold and droop threshold corresponding to the current effective range, includes:

[0067] S21, real-time acquisition of current signals;

[0068] S22, Signal preprocessing optimization;

[0069] S23, Extract target parameters;

[0070] S24, Threshold quantization comparison.

[0071] In the specific implementation process, based on the initial feedback link constructed in step S1, the acquisition circuit corresponding to the initial effective range independently performs the real-time current acquisition task. The acquisition process is continuously performed at a fixed frequency of 100Hz to ensure real-time perception of the DC current source output status; the acquisition accuracy follows... Figure 3The actual measurement standard for the three-range model sets differentiated error thresholds for different range characteristics: When acquiring the minimum range (0.05A~10A), the current amplitude fluctuation does not exceed ±0.0005A; the acquisition error for the intermediate range (10A~150A) is controlled within ±0.01A; and the acquisition error for the maximum range (150A~1000A) does not exceed ±0.1A. The acquired instantaneous output current signal is transmitted to the control module in real time, providing high-quality data input for subsequent preprocessing. Based on the control parameter group corresponding to the initial effective range activated in step S1, targeted optimization is achieved. The control module first calls the preset filter coefficients in the parameter group and uses a moving average filtering algorithm to suppress noise in the acquired signal: for the characteristics of the small current signal in the minimum range, the filter coefficient is set to 0.02, focusing on preserving small signal details while filtering out high-frequency electromagnetic interference; the filter coefficient for the intermediate range is adjusted to 0.05, balancing signal details and anti-interference capability; and the filter coefficient for the maximum range is set to 0.1, focusing on suppressing circuit fluctuation noise during high current output. After filtering, the signal is linearly calibrated using proportional coefficient compensation and offset error calibration parameters in the parameter group: a temperature compensation curve is preset based on the temperature drift characteristics of the sampling resistor, and the acquisition deviation caused by the resistance value changing with temperature is corrected by the proportional coefficient; simultaneously, based on the measured offset error of the signal conditioning module, a fixed offset compensation value is set to offset the inherent system error of the hardware circuit. The preprocessing effect was verified by actual measurement: in the 0.5A output scenario, the preprocessed current amplitude is 0.4939A, with a difference of only -0.0061A from the set value; in the 75A output scenario, the preprocessed amplitude is 74.9538A, with a difference of -0.0462A; in the 800A output scenario, the preprocessed amplitude is 799.7845A, with a difference of -0.2155A, all significantly better than the unpreprocessed single-range solution. The differences for the same single-range models are 0.1617A, 0.0444A, and 0.495A, respectively, fully verifying the effectiveness of the preprocessing scheme. The control module extracts the real-time current amplitude from the preprocessed current signal using a peak detection algorithm. This algorithm, with a sampling period consistent with the acquisition frequency (10ms / time), accurately captures instantaneous current peak changes while filtering out spike interference in the signal. This ensures that the extracted amplitude parameters accurately reflect the actual output state of the DC current source. The extracted current amplitude data is temporarily stored as a digital signal in the control module's buffer unit. The control module then calls pre-stored rise and fall thresholds for each range. These threshold parameters are based on... Figure 4The measured critical data and fluctuation characteristics of the three-range model adopt the design principle of "range rated maximum value - buffer amount" to avoid accidental switching: the minimum range corresponds to a lift threshold of 10A (i.e. rated maximum value) and a descent threshold of 9.5A (rated maximum value - 0.5A); the intermediate range corresponds to a lift threshold of 150A and a descent threshold of 145A; the maximum range has no higher range to switch to, so only a descent threshold of 145A is set. The comparison process employs a frame-by-frame real-time calculation method, quantifying and comparing the extracted current amplitude with the threshold corresponding to the current effective range: When the current range is the minimum, if the amplitude is ≥10A, a range-up switching requirement is indicated; if the amplitude is ≤9.5A, the current range is maintained; if the amplitude is between 9.5A and 10A, it is determined to be within the fluctuation buffer zone, and no switching action is performed temporarily. When the current range is the intermediate, if the amplitude is ≥150A, a range-up switch to the maximum range is indicated; if the amplitude is ≤145A, a range-down switch to the minimum range is indicated; if the amplitude is between 145A and 150A, the intermediate range is maintained. When the current range is the maximum, a range-down switch to the intermediate range is only indicated when the amplitude is ≤145A; otherwise, the maximum range is maintained. The entire comparison logic is consistent with... Figure 2 The core nodes of the range switching flowchart shown match, and the comparison results generate a switch command identifier for maintaining / raising / lowering the range in real time and transmit it to the decision unit of the control module.

[0072] In one embodiment, step S3, which involves switching the feedback signal source of the closed-loop control based on the comparison result to obtain the switched target feedback signal source, and loading the second control parameter group corresponding to the target range from a preset set of control parameter groups, includes:

[0073] S31, Analyze the comparison results and determine the target range;

[0074] S32, switch the feedback signal source and construct the target feedback link;

[0075] S33, retrieve and load the target range control parameter group;

[0076] S34, verify the validity of switching and loading.

[0077] In the specific implementation process, the control module first receives the threshold quantization comparison result output in step S2 and performs target range parsing: if the comparison result is marked "range increase requirement" (minimum range amplitude ≥ 10A, intermediate range amplitude ≥ 150A), then the target range is determined to be the intermediate range and the maximum range; if it is marked "range decrease requirement" (intermediate range amplitude ≤ 145A, maximum range amplitude ≤ 145A), then the target range is determined to be the minimum range and the intermediate range; if it is marked "maintain range", then the S3 process is terminated, and the current effective range and parameter group remain unchanged. The control module sends on / off commands to the corresponding switching circuits. When switching from the minimum range to the intermediate range, the switch circuit corresponding to the minimum range acquisition circuit is closed, and the switch circuit corresponding to the intermediate range acquisition circuit is opened, allowing the intermediate range acquisition circuit to connect to the feedback link. When switching from the intermediate range to the maximum range, the switch circuit corresponding to the intermediate range acquisition circuit is closed, and the maximum range acquisition circuit, being directly connected to the output bus, naturally becomes the target feedback signal source. When switching from the intermediate range to the minimum range, the switch circuit corresponding to the minimum range acquisition circuit is opened, and the switch circuit corresponding to the intermediate range acquisition circuit is closed, ensuring that the minimum range acquisition circuit operates independently. When switching from the maximum range to the intermediate range, the switch circuit corresponding to the intermediate range acquisition circuit is opened, allowing the intermediate range acquisition circuit to connect to the feedback link. The entire switching process response time is controlled within 5ms. After the switching is completed, the acquisition circuit corresponding to the target range constitutes the target feedback signal source for closed-loop control. The control module retrieves the control parameter set matching the target range from multiple preset control parameter sets and replaces the original parameter set using an overwrite update mechanism, with a loading completion time of no more than 3ms. The core parameter set includes PID parameters such as the proportional coefficient Kp, integral time constant Ti, and derivative time constant Td, as well as auxiliary parameters such as filter coefficients and calibration parameters. All parameters are based on... Figure 3 The three-range model features optimized design based on measured characteristics to ensure matching of current output characteristics with the target range, such as minimum range Kp=0.8, Ti=0.5s, and maximum range Kp=1.2, Td=0.1s. The switching and loading validity verification stage is performed through parallel verification using two signals: one signal detects the stability of the output amplitude of the target feedback signal source, ensuring normal connection of the acquisition circuit, with allowable fluctuations of ≤±0.0005A for the minimum range, ≤±0.01A for the intermediate range, and ≤±0.1A for the maximum range; the other signal checks the consistency of the loading control parameter set with the target range, verifying that the numerical deviations of core parameters such as Kp, Ti, and Td do not exceed a preset threshold of ±0.01. If the verification is successful, step S3 is considered complete, and the target feedback signal source and parameter set enter a ready state; if the verification fails, a retry mechanism is immediately triggered, and the switching and loading operations are re-executed until the verification standards are met, ensuring the reliability of the control link.

[0078] In one embodiment, step S4, which involves performing closed-loop regulation calculations based on the switched target feedback signal source and the loaded second control parameter group to generate a control signal to drive a DC current source and perform closed-loop control on the DC current source, includes:

[0079] S41, acquire feedback signal and target parameter set;

[0080] S42, executes closed-loop control calculation;

[0081] S43 generates the adaptation drive signal;

[0082] S44 drives the current source and dynamically closes the loop for correction.

[0083] In the specific implementation process, the target feedback signal source continuously acquires the real-time output current data of the DC current source at a frequency of 100Hz, and the acquisition accuracy follows... Figure 3 The standard for the three-range model is as follows: minimum range (0.05A~10A) acquisition error ≤ ±0.0005A, intermediate range (10A~150A) ≤ ±0.01A, and maximum range (150A~1000A) ≤ ±0.1A. The acquired data is transmitted to the control module in real time. At the same time, the control module calls the target range control parameter group loaded in step S3 (including PID core parameters such as proportional coefficient Kp, integral time constant Ti, and derivative time constant Td, as well as auxiliary parameters such as signal amplification coefficient and protection threshold). Based on the "real-time acquired current data" and the "preset output current setting value", the control module calls the target range control parameter group to perform PID closed-loop regulation calculation, and the calculation cycle is controlled within 1ms to ensure real-time performance. During the operation, the deviation between the current amplitude and the set value is first calculated: the proportional element (Kp) quickly outputs the adjustment component based on the magnitude of the deviation, achieving an immediate response to the deviation; the integral element Ti accumulates the deviation and gradually outputs the compensation component to eliminate static error; the derivative element Td predicts the trend based on the rate of change of the deviation and outputs the advance adjustment component to suppress overshoot. The PID parameter adaptation characteristics for different ranges are achieved through... Figure 4Actual measurement data verifies that: For the minimum range, Kp=0.8, Ti=0.5s, Td=0.02s, the focus is on high precision and overshoot suppression for small currents, such as -0.001% output accuracy at 0.05A; for the intermediate range, Kp=1.0, Ti=0.3s, Td=0.05s, balancing response speed and stability, such as -0.008% output accuracy at 75A; for the maximum range, Kp=1.2, Ti=0.1s, Td=0.1s, adapting to fast response with large currents, such as 0.035% output accuracy at 1000A. The adjustment commands generated by PID calculations are converted by the control module into pulse width modulation (PWM) control signals adapted to the DC current source power conversion unit. The signal parameters match the target range characteristics: at the minimum range, the PWM frequency is set to 20kHz with a duty cycle adjustment accuracy of 0.1%, ensuring effective amplification of small signals; at the maximum range, the PWM frequency is set to 10kHz with a duty cycle adjustment range of 5%~95%, ensuring stable output with large currents. The duty cycle of the control signal is linearly related to the current output: when the real-time current is lower than the set value, the duty cycle is increased to boost the power module output; when the real-time current is higher than the set value, the duty cycle is decreased to reduce the output, ensuring precise current regulation. The PWM control signal is amplified by the drive circuit and transmitted to the power conversion unit of the DC current source. The drive unit adjusts the conduction state of the switching devices according to the signal command to achieve precise control of the output current. Simultaneously, the target feedback signal source continuously collects real-time output current data and sends it back to the control module, forming a dynamic closed-loop correction mechanism: after receiving data every frame (10ms), the control module recalculates the deviation, compares the deviation trend of the previous cycle, and dynamically fine-tunes the PID parameters and PWM duty cycle to suppress current fluctuations. For example, when the target range is the middle range and the set value is 150A, if the real-time acquired value is 150.0316A with a deviation of 0.0316A, the PWM duty cycle is decreased by 0.02%; if the acquired value is 149.863A with a deviation of 0.137A, the duty cycle is increased by 0.09%. Throughout the entire closed-loop control process, the output current accuracy follows Figure 3 The standard for three-range models is: minimum range ≤ ±0.001%, intermediate range ≤ ±0.008%, and maximum range ≤ ±0.035%, ultimately achieving stable output of the DC current source across the entire range.

[0084] Reference Figure 6 The above is a schematic block diagram of a DC current source adaptive range switching device according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0085] The data acquisition module starts the corresponding acquisition circuit based on the current effective range, acquires the output current signal of the DC current source in real time and performs preprocessing, and transmits the preprocessed current data to the threshold judgment module.

[0086] The parameter configuration module is used to receive the range switching command from the range switching module and output the threshold parameter of the current effective range and the control parameter group of the target range.

[0087] The initial range determination module is used to identify the DC current source and collect its initial current value, determine the initial effective range by combining it with the preset initial threshold, send the initial parameter enable command to the parameter configuration module, and synchronously control the data acquisition module to connect the acquisition circuit corresponding to the initial effective range.

[0088] The threshold judgment module is used to receive the preprocessed current data transmitted by the data acquisition module, call the current effective range's rise threshold and fall threshold in the parameter configuration module, perform threshold comparison calculation, and transmit the judgment result to the range switching module.

[0089] The range switching module is used to receive the judgment result of the threshold judgment module, generate the range switching command, and send it synchronously to the parameter configuration module and the data acquisition module to control the on and off of the corresponding control switch circuit in the data acquisition module, thereby realizing the unique switching of the feedback signal source.

[0090] The closed-loop control module receives the target range control parameter set output by the parameter configuration module and the real-time feedback signal transmitted by the data acquisition module, performs closed-loop adjustment calculations, generates control signals adapted to the DC current source power conversion unit, and drives the DC current source to achieve closed-loop control of the output current.

[0091] In summary, this invention constructs a multi-range acquisition hardware architecture by configuring three independently physically isolated current acquisition circuits (minimum, intermediate, and maximum ranges), connecting controlled switches in parallel between the minimum and intermediate range acquisition circuits, and directly connecting the maximum range acquisition circuit to the output bus. Based on the maximum output capability of the DC current source and measured data, the range intervals and threshold parameters are determined. The current output current amplitude is acquired and compared with a preset initial threshold to lock the initial effective range and activate the corresponding control parameter group. A switching circuit controls the initial effective range acquisition circuit to connect to the feedback link. The output current signal is acquired in real time using the initial effective range acquisition circuit, and digital filtering is performed in conjunction with the control parameter group. Wavelength and amplitude calibration preprocessing involves quantizing and comparing the preprocessed current amplitude with the rise and fall thresholds for each range to clarify range switching requirements. Based on the threshold comparison results, a first-off-then-on mechanism is used to switch the feedback signal source, simultaneously loading the target range control parameter set and verifying its adaptability. Relying on the switched feedback signal source and the target range parameter set, PID closed-loop regulation is performed to generate a PWM control signal to drive the DC current source output, while dynamically correcting the current deviation. This achieves adaptive range switching and high-precision stable control of the DC current source across the entire output range from 0.05A to 1000A, achieving accurate and reliable output regulation under different current output scenarios.

[0092] In this embodiment, the specific implementation of each unit in the above device embodiment is described in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium in this embodiment can be a volatile readable storage medium or a non-volatile readable storage medium.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, storage, databases, or other media used in the present invention and embodiments can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual-rate SDRAM (SSRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM, etc.

[0095] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, apparatus, article, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, apparatus, article, or method. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, apparatus, article, or method that includes that element.

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adaptive range switching of a DC current source, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A DC current source is identified to acquire the first output current value of the DC current source. An initial effective range is determined based on the comparison result between the amplitude of the first output current value and a preset initial threshold. The first control parameter group corresponding to the initial effective range is activated from a preset set of multiple control parameter groups. The initial effective range corresponds to the first acquisition circuit of three preset independent acquisition circuits. The first acquisition circuit is connected to the feedback link through a control switch circuit. The first acquisition circuit constitutes the initial feedback signal source for closed-loop control. Based on the first acquisition circuit, the second output current value of the DC current source is acquired in real time. The second output current value is preprocessed in combination with the first control parameter group. The real-time amplitude of the preprocessed second output current value is extracted and compared with the rise threshold and fall threshold corresponding to the current effective range. Based on the comparison results, the feedback signal source of the closed-loop control is switched to obtain the target feedback signal source after switching. A second control parameter group corresponding to the target range is loaded from a preset set of control parameter groups. This includes: determining the target range to be switched based on the comparison results; controlling the switching circuit to cut off the feedback path of the current effective range acquisition circuit and switching to the acquisition circuit corresponding to the target range, wherein the acquisition circuit constitutes the target feedback signal source of the closed-loop control; retrieving a second control parameter group matching the target range from the preset set of control parameter groups, wherein the second control parameter group pre-stores core control parameters adapted to the target range, and loading and enabling the second control parameter group. Based on the switched target feedback signal source and the loaded second control parameter group, a closed-loop adjustment operation is performed to generate a control signal to drive the DC current source. Closed-loop control of the DC current source includes: the target feedback signal source acquiring the output current signal of the DC current source in real time and synchronously transmitting the output current signal to the control module; the control module calling the second control parameter group and performing a closed-loop adjustment operation in conjunction with the output current signal; the closed-loop adjustment operation dynamically corrects the output deviation based on control logic adapted to the target range, generating a corresponding control signal; the control signal adapts to the power conversion unit drive requirements of the DC current source, regulating the output current by adjusting the conduction state of the power switching devices; and continuously monitoring the output data of the target feedback signal source, dynamically optimizing the control signal parameters based on the results of the closed-loop adjustment operation.

2. The DC current source adaptive range switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of identifying a DC current source and acquiring a first output current value of the DC current source includes: Set the range of the three sets of acquisition circuits, set the rated maximum value of adjacent ranges to a preset ratio, and set the rated maximum value of the minimum range and the middle range to be less than the rated maximum value of the maximum range, so as to adapt to the small current, medium current and large current output range respectively. A switching circuit is connected in parallel only at the input or output of the minimum range acquisition circuit and the intermediate range acquisition circuit. The switching circuit consists of at least one switching transistor and is used to shunt the current of the corresponding acquisition circuit when the range is switched. The maximum range acquisition circuit is rated to match the maximum output capacity of the DC current source and is connected to the output bus for the acquisition of the first output current value and the transmission of the initial feedback signal when the current is high. The output bus connection status and acquisition circuit of the DC current source are identified. The initial output current signal of the DC current source is acquired synchronously through the three sets of independent acquisition circuits. After the initial output current signal is filtered, the first output current value used for initial effective range determination is obtained.

3. The DC current source adaptive range switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of activating the first control parameter group corresponding to the initial effective range from a preset set of multiple control parameter groups, wherein the initial effective range corresponds to the first acquisition circuit of three preset independent acquisition circuits, and the first acquisition circuit is connected to the feedback link through a control switch circuit, includes: The control module retrieves and enables the first control parameter group, and the first acquisition circuit sends the on / off command of the first control parameter group to access the closed-loop feedback link. Only the data from the first acquisition circuit is limited to participate in the control calculation, and the closed-loop calculation formula and the convergence condition adapted to the range accuracy are configured in combination with the first control parameter group.

4. The DC current source adaptive range switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of acquiring the second output current value of the DC current source in real time based on the first acquisition circuit, and preprocessing the second output current value in combination with the first control parameter group, includes: The first acquisition circuit acquires the second output current value of the DC current source in real time at a preset frequency, and the second output current value of the DC current source is synchronously transmitted to the control module. The control module calls the filter coefficients and calibration parameters in the first control parameter group to perform digital filtering and amplitude calibration preprocessing on the second output current value of the DC current source.

5. The DC current source adaptive range switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of comparing the real-time amplitude of the preprocessed second output current value with the lift threshold and droop threshold corresponding to the current effective range includes: Extract the real-time amplitude of the preprocessed second output current value, call the rise threshold and fall threshold bound to the current effective range, and perform a quantitative comparison between the real-time amplitude and the two sets of rise and fall thresholds; If the real-time amplitude is outside the range of the descent threshold and the rise threshold, it is determined that the range needs to be switched; If the real-time amplitude is between the descent threshold and the rise threshold, the current effective range is maintained.

6. A DC current source adaptive range switching device, characterized in that, The method for adaptive range switching of a DC current source according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the adaptive range switching device for the DC current source comprises: The data acquisition module starts the corresponding acquisition circuit based on the current effective range, acquires the output current signal of the DC current source in real time and performs preprocessing, and transmits the preprocessed current data to the threshold judgment module. The parameter configuration module is used to receive the range switching command from the range switching module and output the threshold parameter of the current effective range and the control parameter group of the target range. The initial range determination module is used to identify the DC current source and collect its initial current value, determine the initial effective range by combining it with the preset initial threshold, send the initial parameter enable command to the parameter configuration module, and synchronously control the data acquisition module to connect the acquisition circuit corresponding to the initial effective range. The threshold judgment module is used to receive the preprocessed current data transmitted by the data acquisition module, call the current effective range's rise threshold and fall threshold in the parameter configuration module, perform threshold comparison calculation, and transmit the judgment result to the range switching module. The range switching module is used to receive the judgment result of the threshold judgment module, generate the range switching command, and send it synchronously to the parameter configuration module and the data acquisition module to control the on and off of the corresponding control switch circuit in the data acquisition module, thereby realizing the unique switching of the feedback signal source. The closed-loop control module receives the target range control parameter set output by the parameter configuration module and the real-time feedback signal transmitted by the data acquisition module, performs closed-loop adjustment calculations, generates control signals adapted to the DC current source power conversion unit, and drives the DC current source to achieve closed-loop control of the output current.

7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the DC current source adaptive range switching method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the DC current source adaptive range switching method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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