Battery thermal management method and device, battery management system, vehicle and storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to a battery thermal management method and device, a battery management system, a vehicle and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a current working state of a battery and a current thermal management mode of a thermal management system of the battery, acquiring a target thermal management mode to be switched by the thermal management system according to the current working state and the current thermal management mode, acquiring a thermal management condition required for switching from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current working state, acquiring battery state data corresponding to the thermal management condition, and controlling the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation corresponding to the target thermal management mode on the battery based on the thermal management condition and the battery state data. In the method, the rigidity limitation of the fixed threshold thermal management is broken, the thermal management operation on the battery can be dynamically adjusted based on the actual working conditions of the battery and the thermal management system, and the thermal management operation is more suitable for the thermal management requirement of the battery, so that the accuracy of the battery thermal management is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery thermal management technology, and in particular to a battery thermal management method, device, battery management system, vehicle, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Battery thermal management refers to the temperature management of a battery through a thermal management system (such as a water-cooled unit). This includes controlling the thermal management system to turn on heating, which raises the battery temperature, or controlling the thermal management system to turn on cooling, which lowers the battery temperature.

[0003] In related technologies, fixed temperature thresholds are typically used for battery thermal management. For example, heating is activated when the battery temperature is below the temperature threshold for activating heating, and deactivated when the battery temperature is above the temperature threshold for deactivating heating; or, cooling is activated when the battery temperature is above the temperature threshold for activating cooling, and deactivated when the battery temperature is below the temperature threshold for deactivating cooling.

[0004] However, the battery thermal management methods in related technologies suffer from poor accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a battery thermal management method, device, battery management system, vehicle, and storage medium to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery thermal management method, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtain the current operating status of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the battery's thermal management system;

[0008] Based on the current operating status and current thermal management mode, obtain the target thermal management mode to be switched to in the thermal management system;

[0009] Obtain the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state, and obtain the battery status data corresponding to the thermal management conditions;

[0010] Based on thermal management conditions and battery status data, control the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery in the corresponding target thermal management mode.

[0011] The current operating state is charging. Based on the current operating state and the current thermal management mode, the target thermal management mode to be switched to is obtained, including:

[0012] Given that the current thermal management mode is not activated, the target thermal management mode is determined to be either heating or cooling.

[0013] Given that the current thermal management mode is heating on, the target thermal management mode is determined to be heating off.

[0014] Given that the current thermal management mode is set to "cooling on", the target thermal management mode is set to "cooling off".

[0015] In this embodiment, by combining the current operating state of the battery with the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system, the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system is determined. The required thermal management conditions and battery status data for the corresponding target thermal management mode are matched. Then, based on the thermal management conditions and battery status data, the thermal management system is controlled to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode. Overall, this achieves thermal management operations on the battery using the actual operating conditions of the battery and the thermal management system (the current operating state of the battery, battery status data, and the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system). This overcomes the rigid limitations of fixed threshold thermal management, allowing the thermal management operations on the battery to be dynamically adjusted based on the actual operating conditions of the battery and the thermal management system, and to better meet the battery's thermal management needs. This improves the accuracy of battery thermal management, ensuring the battery operates at a suitable temperature, thereby improving the battery's charging and discharging efficiency. Furthermore, when the battery is charging, different target thermal management modes are determined based on different current thermal management modes of the thermal management system. This allows for the subsequent acquisition of the thermal management conditions and battery status data for the corresponding target thermal management mode, and the control of the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode. This improves the diversity and comprehensiveness of thermal management during battery charging.

[0016] In one embodiment, the target thermal management mode is heating on, and the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state are obtained, including:

[0017] Obtain the first thermal management condition required to switch from never having thermal management enabled to having heating enabled while in charging mode;

[0018] Accordingly, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, the thermal management system is controlled to perform thermal management operations on the battery in accordance with the corresponding target thermal management mode, including:

[0019] If the battery status data meets the first thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to turn on the battery to heat up.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first thermal management condition includes:

[0021] The target allowable charging current of the battery is less than the battery's required charging current, the target allowable charging current is less than the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery is less than the preset temperature threshold for turning on heating.

[0022] Accordingly, battery state data corresponding to thermal management conditions is obtained, including:

[0023] The target allowable charging current, the required charging current, and the current temperature of the battery are obtained as the battery state data corresponding to the first thermal management condition.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first thermal management condition superimposed the charging current constraint and the heating temperature constraint, which can accurately identify the scenario where the battery's charging capacity is limited due to low temperature. This helps to activate the heating in a timely manner to improve the battery's charging capacity and delay the degradation of battery performance. Furthermore, the first thermal management condition is more stringent than the heating activation condition based on a single temperature threshold, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of heating activation under some unnecessary circumstances, thereby saving energy consumption.

[0025] In one embodiment, obtaining the target allowable charging current of the battery includes:

[0026] Determine the battery's reference allowable charging current based on the battery's state information;

[0027] Compare the reference allowable charging current with the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery;

[0028] Obtain the minimum value between the reference allowable charging current and the maximum allowable charging current as the target allowable charging current.

[0029] In this embodiment, a reference allowable charging current corresponding to the battery's state information is determined, and the smaller of the reference allowable charging current and the preset maximum allowable charging current is selected as the target allowable charging current. This fully considers the actual charging capacity of the battery while also taking into account the upper limit of the battery's charging capacity, thereby improving the reliability of the obtained target allowable charging current.

[0030] In one embodiment, obtaining the required charging current of the battery includes:

[0031] Obtain the battery's bus current and thermal management current; the bus current is the current charged into the battery, and the thermal management current is the current charged into the thermal management system.

[0032] The product of the number of parallel branches in the battery and the preset overcurrent value of the branch is used as the overcurrent current of the battery.

[0033] The sum of the bus current, thermal management current, and overcurrent is obtained as the required charging current.

[0034] In this embodiment, the sum of the battery bus current, the thermal management current of the thermal management system, and the battery overcurrent is used as the battery's required charging current. This fully considers the various current requirements in actual battery applications, improves the matching degree between the battery's required charging current and the battery's actual current requirements, and can correspondingly improve the reliability of the obtained required charging current.

[0035] In one embodiment, the target thermal management mode is cooling on, and the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state are obtained, including:

[0036] Obtain the second thermal management condition required to switch from never having thermal management enabled to having cooling enabled while charging;

[0037] Accordingly, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, the thermal management system is controlled to perform thermal management operations on the battery in accordance with the corresponding target thermal management mode, including:

[0038] If the battery status data meets the second thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to activate cooling on the battery.

[0039] In one embodiment, the second thermal management condition includes:

[0040] The battery's reference temperatures are greater than or equal to the temperature threshold for activating cooling corresponding to the battery's current charging rate; the battery's reference temperatures are obtained based on the temperatures of each cell within the battery.

[0041] Accordingly, battery state data corresponding to thermal management conditions is obtained, including:

[0042] The battery's reference temperature and current charging rate are obtained as battery state data corresponding to the second thermal management condition.

[0043] In this embodiment of the application, the temperature threshold for activating cooling in the second thermal management condition is the temperature threshold corresponding to the current charging rate of the battery. That is, different temperature thresholds for activating cooling are set for the battery under different charging rates to adapt to the actual working conditions of the battery. This can accurately identify scenarios where the battery's charging capacity is limited due to high temperature, meet the cooling needs of the battery in the charging state, delay battery performance degradation, achieve precise thermal management operation, and effectively reduce the activation of cooling in some unnecessary situations, thereby saving energy consumption.

[0044] In one embodiment, the target thermal management mode is heating off. The thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state are obtained, including:

[0045] Obtain the third thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off while charging;

[0046] Accordingly, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, the thermal management system is controlled to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target heat pipe mode, including:

[0047] If the battery status data meets the third thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the heating of the battery.

[0048] In one embodiment, the third thermal management condition includes at least one of the following:

[0049] The target allowable charging current for the battery is greater than or equal to the battery's required charging current for the continuously preset duration.

[0050] The target allowable charging current is greater than or equal to the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery;

[0051] The current temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating;

[0052] Accordingly, battery state data corresponding to thermal management conditions is obtained, including:

[0053] The target allowable charging current, the required charging current, and the current temperature of the battery are obtained as battery state data corresponding to the third thermal management condition.

[0054] In this embodiment, the third thermal management condition covers the heating demand under the actual charging conditions of the battery, as well as the heating demand determined based on the battery temperature. Meeting either one is sufficient. Compared with the heating shutdown condition based on a single temperature threshold, it is more lenient and can shut down the heating in a timely manner based on the actual operating conditions of the battery, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and improving system energy efficiency.

[0055] In one embodiment, the target thermal management mode is cooling off. The thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state are obtained, including:

[0056] Obtain the fourth thermal management condition required to switch from cooling on to cooling off while charging;

[0057] Accordingly, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, the thermal management system is controlled to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target heat pipe mode, including:

[0058] If the battery status data meets the fourth thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the cooling of the battery.

[0059] In one embodiment, the fourth thermal management condition includes:

[0060] At least one of the battery's reference temperatures is less than or equal to the temperature threshold for turning off cooling corresponding to the battery's current charging rate; the battery's reference temperatures are obtained based on the temperatures of each cell in the battery;

[0061] Accordingly, battery state data corresponding to thermal management conditions is obtained, including:

[0062] The battery's reference temperature and current charging rate are obtained as the battery status data corresponding to the fourth thermal management condition.

[0063] In this embodiment of the application, the temperature threshold for shutting off cooling in the fourth thermal management condition is the temperature threshold corresponding to the current charging rate of the battery. That is, different temperature thresholds for shutting off cooling are set for the battery under different charging rates to adapt to the actual working conditions of the battery, meet the cooling needs of the battery in the charging state, realize precise thermal management operation, and thus shut off cooling in time. This not only saves energy consumption, but also reduces the battery's working time at excessively low temperatures and delays battery performance degradation.

[0064] In one embodiment, the current operating state is a discharge state. Based on the current operating state and the current thermal management mode, the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system is obtained, including:

[0065] Given that the current thermal management mode is heating on, the target thermal management mode is set to heating off.

[0066] In one embodiment, obtaining the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode in the current operating state includes:

[0067] Obtain the fifth thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off while in discharge mode;

[0068] Accordingly, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, the thermal management system is controlled to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target heat pipe mode, including:

[0069] If the battery status data meets the fifth thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the heating of the battery.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the battery is in a discharging state, for the scenario where the current thermal management mode is heating on and the target thermal management mode is heating off, the fifth thermal management condition is used to determine whether to perform a thermal management operation to turn off the heating on the battery. This achieves thermal management to turn off the heating when the battery is charging. Turning off the heating in a timely manner can not only save energy consumption, but also reduce the battery's working time at excessively high temperatures and delay battery performance degradation.

[0071] In one embodiment, the fifth thermal management condition includes:

[0072] The battery's current temperature is greater than or equal to the target reference temperature; the target reference temperature is obtained based on the battery's historical current data.

[0073] Accordingly, battery state data corresponding to thermal management conditions is obtained, including:

[0074] Based on the battery's historical current data, determine the first reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is discharging, and the second reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is charging.

[0075] The target reference temperature is determined based on the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating.

[0076] The current battery temperature and the target reference temperature are used as the battery status data corresponding to the fifth thermal management condition.

[0077] In this embodiment, a first reference temperature and a second reference temperature are determined based on the battery's historical current data. Then, a target reference temperature for determining whether to turn off the heating is determined from the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and a preset temperature threshold for turning off the heating. This makes the target reference temperature adaptable to the corresponding battery, rather than being limited to a uniform fixed temperature threshold. This achieves dynamic calculation of the target reference temperature, thereby improving the adaptability and robustness of the battery thermal management method for different batteries.

[0078] In one embodiment, determining the target reference temperature based on a first reference temperature, a second reference temperature, and a preset temperature threshold for turning off heating includes:

[0079] Obtain the maximum value between the first reference temperature and the second reference temperature, and use it as the maximum reference temperature;

[0080] The minimum value between the temperature threshold for turning off heating and the maximum reference temperature is used as the target reference temperature.

[0081] In one embodiment, determining a first reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is discharging, and a second reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is charging, based on historical current data of the battery, includes:

[0082] Determine the battery's maximum discharge current and maximum charging current based on historical current data;

[0083] The first reference temperature is determined based on at least one reference discharge current, the maximum discharge current, and the preset minimum discharge current of the battery; the at least one reference discharge current is obtained based on the discharge current of the battery at different temperatures corresponding to the preset state of charge and the number of parallel branches in the battery; one temperature corresponds to one reference discharge current.

[0084] The second reference temperature is determined based on at least one reference charging current, the maximum charging current, and the preset minimum charging current of the battery; the at least one reference charging current is obtained based on the charging current and the number of branches of the battery corresponding to the preset state of charge at different temperatures; one temperature corresponds to one reference charging current.

[0085] In one embodiment, determining the battery's maximum discharge current and maximum charging current based on historical current data includes:

[0086] Obtain candidate current data corresponding to the earliest preset charge-discharge cycle number from historical current data;

[0087] The maximum value of the discharge current in the candidate current data is obtained as the maximum discharge current;

[0088] Obtain the maximum value of the charging current in the candidate current data, and use it as the maximum charging current.

[0089] In this embodiment, the maximum discharge current and the maximum charging current are determined by using the candidate current data corresponding to the earliest preset charge-discharge cycle number in the battery's historical circuit data. The battery's charge-discharge cycle can fully cover the actual charging and discharging conditions of the battery, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the obtained maximum discharge current and maximum charging current.

[0090] In one embodiment, determining a first reference temperature based on at least one reference discharge current, a maximum discharge current, and a preset minimum discharge current of the battery includes:

[0091] The product of the maximum discharge current and the preset proportional coefficient is obtained as the first current;

[0092] Obtain at least one first candidate temperature where the corresponding reference discharge current is greater than or equal to the maximum value between the first current and the minimum discharge current;

[0093] The minimum value among at least one first candidate temperature is obtained as the first reference temperature.

[0094] In one embodiment, determining a second reference temperature based on at least one reference charging current, a maximum charging current, and a preset minimum charging current of the battery includes:

[0095] The product of the maximum charging current and the preset proportional coefficient is obtained as the second current;

[0096] Obtain at least one second candidate temperature where the corresponding reference charging current is greater than or equal to the maximum value between the second current and the minimum charging current;

[0097] The minimum value among at least one second candidate temperature is obtained as the second reference temperature.

[0098] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery thermal management device, the device comprising:

[0099] The information acquisition module is used to acquire the current operating status of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the battery's thermal management system.

[0100] The mode determination module is used to obtain the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system based on the current working status and the current thermal management mode.

[0101] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current working state, and to acquire the battery status data corresponding to the thermal management conditions.

[0102] The control and management module is used to control the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode based on thermal management conditions and battery status data.

[0103] The current operating state is charging. The mode determination module is used for:

[0104] If the current thermal management mode is not activated, the target thermal management mode is determined to be either heating or cooling. If the current thermal management mode is heating, the target thermal management mode is deactivated. If the current thermal management mode is cooling, the target thermal management mode is deactivated.

[0105] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a battery management system, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above-described battery thermal management methods.

[0106] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle, which includes a battery management system, a thermal management system, and a battery; the battery management system is used to implement the steps of any of the above-described battery thermal management methods.

[0107] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described battery thermal management methods.

[0108] Sixthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described battery thermal management methods.

[0109] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0110] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the application environment of a battery thermal management method in one embodiment;

[0111] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery thermal management method in one embodiment;

[0112] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of obtaining the target thermal management mode in one embodiment;

[0113] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process for obtaining the target allowable charging current in one embodiment;

[0114] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the process for obtaining the required charging current in one embodiment;

[0115] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of obtaining battery state data corresponding to thermal management conditions in one embodiment.

[0116] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining a target reference temperature in one embodiment;

[0117] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining a first reference temperature and a second reference temperature in one embodiment;

[0118] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the maximum discharge current and the maximum charging current in one embodiment.

[0119] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining a first reference temperature in one embodiment;

[0120] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the process for determining a second reference temperature in one embodiment;

[0121] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery thermal management method in another embodiment;

[0122] Figure 13This is a structural block diagram of a battery thermal management device in one embodiment;

[0123] Figure 14 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0124] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0125] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the term "comprising" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0126] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0127] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0128] To ensure stable battery operation within a suitable temperature range, battery thermal management technology can be used to precisely regulate battery temperature. Battery thermal management refers to managing battery temperature through a thermal management system (such as a water-cooled unit), such as controlling the thermal management system to activate heating, thereby increasing the battery temperature, or controlling the thermal management system to activate cooling, thereby decreasing the battery temperature.

[0129] In related technologies, fixed temperature thresholds are typically used for battery thermal management. For example, heating is activated when the battery temperature is below the temperature threshold for activating heating, and deactivated when the battery temperature is above the temperature threshold for deactivating heating; or, cooling is activated when the battery temperature is above the temperature threshold for activating cooling, and deactivated when the battery temperature is below the temperature threshold for deactivating cooling.

[0130] However, fixed temperature thresholds, or static thresholds, have significant limitations in adaptability. They cannot meet the dynamic temperature control requirements of batteries under different operating conditions such as charging and discharging. This can easily lead to thermal management being either too conservative, causing the battery to deviate from the suitable temperature range for extended periods, or too aggressive, triggering frequent start-ups and shutdowns of the thermal management system. Therefore, the battery thermal management methods in related technologies suffer from poor accuracy.

[0131] Based on this, this application provides a battery thermal management method that utilizes the actual operating conditions of the battery and the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery. This breaks through the rigid limitations of fixed threshold thermal management, allowing the thermal management operations on the battery to be dynamically adjusted based on the actual operating conditions of the battery and the thermal management system, and to better meet the thermal management needs of the battery, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the accuracy of battery thermal management.

[0132] The battery thermal management method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example, Figure 1 In the application environment shown, the battery management system 102 communicates with the thermal management system 104 and the battery 106. The battery management system 102 can obtain battery status data of the battery 106, such as current, voltage, and temperature, etc., to perform state management such as voltage balancing and thermal runaway on the battery 106 based on the battery status data. It can also obtain the current operating state of the battery 106, whether it is charging or discharging, and obtain the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system 104. Based on the current operating state of the battery 106 and the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system 104, it controls the thermal management system 104 to switch the thermal management mode, thereby controlling the thermal management system 104 to perform the corresponding thermal management operation on the battery 106 under the switched thermal management mode.

[0133] In one embodiment, this application provides a battery thermal management method, which is applied to... Figure 1 Taking the Battery Management System (BMS) in China as an example, Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0134] S210. Obtain the current operating status of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the battery's thermal management system.

[0135] The current operating state of the battery indicates whether it is currently discharging or charging. The current thermal management mode of the thermal management system indicates the current on / off operating mode of the thermal management system. For example, the thermal management mode supported by the thermal management system may include turning heating on / off and turning cooling on / off.

[0136] Optionally, the BMS can monitor the direction of the battery current to determine the current operating state of the battery. Regarding the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system, the BMS can interact with the controller of the thermal management system to obtain the current thermal management mode from the controller.

[0137] S220. Based on the current working status and the current thermal management mode, obtain the target thermal management mode to be switched to in the thermal management system.

[0138] The target thermal management mode to be switched to is the thermal management mode that needs to be achieved by switching the thermal management system.

[0139] Optionally, after obtaining the current operating state of the battery and the thermal management mode of the thermal management system, the BMS can analyze and determine the corresponding thermal management mode that the thermal management system needs to switch to, and denot it as the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system.

[0140] S230: Obtain the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current working state, and obtain the battery status data corresponding to the thermal management conditions.

[0141] Thermal management conditions characterize the conditions that the thermal management system must meet to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode. Different thermal management conditions include different types of battery state data. Battery state data is used to characterize the battery's basic state parameters, such as current, voltage, or temperature.

[0142] Optionally, the BMS can read a preset correspondence table between thermal management modes and thermal management conditions, query the thermal management conditions of the corresponding target thermal management mode in the correspondence table, and obtain the battery status data corresponding to the thermal management conditions.

[0143] S240: Based on thermal management conditions and battery status data, control the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery in the corresponding target thermal management mode.

[0144] The thermal management operations performed by the thermal management system correspond to the thermal management modes. For example, if the thermal management mode is heating on, the corresponding thermal management operation is heating on; if the thermal management mode is heating off, the corresponding thermal management operation is heating off.

[0145] Optionally, after obtaining the thermal management conditions and the corresponding battery state data, the BMS can match the battery state data with the obtained thermal management conditions to determine whether the battery state data meets the thermal management conditions. If it does, the BMS controls the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations for the battery in the corresponding target thermal management mode. Otherwise, if it does not meet the conditions, the BMS does not need to control and adjust the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system, and the thermal management system continues to maintain the current thermal management mode.

[0146] In an optional embodiment, the thermal management system may also support a self-circulating thermal management mode. After the thermal management system performs a thermal management operation to shut down heating / cooling on the battery, the thermal management system may initiate a self-circulation for a preset duration and then shut down in response to the thermal management operation to shut down heating / cooling, or may initiate a self-circulation for a preset duration and then shut down under the instruction of the BMS, in order to optimize the temperature distribution of the battery. For example, the preset duration is 20 minutes.

[0147] If the battery is currently in a charging state, such as Figure 3 As shown, in step S220 above, based on the current operating status and the current thermal management mode, the target thermal management mode to be switched to is obtained, including:

[0148] S310. If the current thermal management mode is not activated, determine the target thermal management mode as either activating heating or activating cooling.

[0149] The current thermal management mode is thermal management not enabled, indicating that the thermal management system is not performing thermal management operations on the battery. In other words, the thermal management system is in a working mode where heating and cooling are turned off, which can also be called hibernation mode.

[0150] Optionally, if the BMS determines that the current operating state of the battery is charging and the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is not enabled, then the target thermal management mode to be switched to is either heating or cooling.

[0151] S320. If the current thermal management mode is heating on, determine the target thermal management mode as heating off.

[0152] S330. If the current thermal management mode is cooling on, determine the target thermal management mode to cooling off.

[0153] Optionally, if the BMS determines that the current operating state of the battery is charging and the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is heating on, then the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system is heating off; correspondingly, if the BMS determines that the current operating state of the battery is charging and the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is cooling on, then the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system is cooling off.

[0154] When the battery is charging, different target thermal management modes are determined based on the different current thermal management modes of the thermal management system. This allows for the acquisition of thermal management conditions and battery status data for the corresponding target thermal management mode, thereby controlling the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode. This can improve the diversity and comprehensiveness of thermal management during battery charging.

[0155] In this embodiment, the current operating state of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the battery's thermal management system are obtained. Based on the current operating state and the current thermal management mode, the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system is obtained. This involves obtaining the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state, as well as obtaining the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions. Then, based on the thermal management conditions and the battery state data, the thermal management system is controlled to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode. In the above method, the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system is determined by combining the current operating state of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system, and the corresponding target is matched. The system obtains the thermal management conditions and battery status data required for the heat pipe mode. Based on these conditions and data, it controls the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the target heat pipe mode. Overall, it utilizes the actual operating conditions of the battery and the thermal management system (the battery's current operating state, battery status data, and the current thermal management mode) to perform thermal management operations on the battery. This breaks through the rigid limitations of fixed threshold thermal management, allowing the thermal management operations on the battery to be dynamically adjusted based on the actual operating conditions of the battery and the thermal management system. This better matches the battery's thermal management needs, thereby improving the accuracy of battery thermal management, enabling the battery to operate at a suitable temperature, and thus improving the battery's charging and discharging efficiency.

[0156] When the battery is currently in a charging state, the thermal management system is currently in a non-activated thermal management mode, and the target thermal management mode is heating activated, in one embodiment, the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode in the current operating state, as described in S230, include:

[0157] Obtain the first thermal management condition required to switch from never having thermal management enabled to enabling heating while in charging mode.

[0158] The first thermal management condition is the condition required for the thermal management system to switch from never being activated to activating heating while the battery is charging.

[0159] Optionally, when the BMS determines that the current operating state of the battery is charging, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is not enabled, and the target thermal management mode is to enable heating, it can read the first thermal management condition required for the thermal management system to switch from not enabling thermal management to enabling heating in the corresponding battery charging state from a set of pre-stored thermal management conditions.

[0160] Accordingly, S340 above, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, controls the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode, including:

[0161] If the battery status data meets the first thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to turn on the battery to heat up.

[0162] Optionally, after obtaining the first thermal management condition, the BMS can further obtain the battery status data corresponding to the first thermal management condition, so as to match the obtained battery status data with the first thermal management condition, and control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to start heating on the battery when the obtained battery status data meets the first thermal management condition.

[0163] In an alternative embodiment, the first thermal management condition includes:

[0164] The target allowable charging current of the battery is less than the battery's required charging current, the target allowable charging current is less than the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery is less than the preset temperature threshold for turning on heating.

[0165] Here, the target allowable charging current of the battery is the upper limit of the charging current allowed under the current state of the battery. The required charging current of the battery is the charging current required by the battery. The current temperature of the battery is the average temperature of the cells in the battery at the current moment, i.e., the average cell temperature.

[0166] If the target allowable charging current is less than the battery's required charging current for a continuously preset duration, it indicates that the battery's current state is stable, and the battery's current charging capacity cannot meet its charging needs. If the target allowable charging current is less than the preset maximum allowable charging current, it indicates that the battery's current charging capacity has not yet reached its limit, and its charging capacity can be improved by heating the battery to enhance its activity. If the battery's current temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold for activating heating, it indicates that the battery's current temperature is low and has reached the temperature condition for activating heating.

[0167] Accordingly, the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions obtained in S230 above includes:

[0168] The target allowable charging current, the required charging current, and the current temperature of the battery are obtained as the battery state data corresponding to the first thermal management condition.

[0169] Optionally, after obtaining the first thermal management condition, the BMS can obtain the target allowable charging current of the battery, the required charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery as the battery state data corresponding to the first thermal management condition.

[0170] In this embodiment, the target thermal management mode is heating on. The system obtains the first thermal management conditions required to switch from non-heating mode to heating on mode during charging. If the battery status data meets these conditions, the thermal management system is controlled to perform the heating-on thermal management operation on the battery. The first thermal management conditions include the battery's target allowable charging current being less than the battery's required charging current, the target allowable charging current being less than the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery, and the battery's current temperature being less than the preset temperature threshold for heating on. The target allowable charging current, the battery's required charging current, and the battery's current temperature are obtained as the battery status data corresponding to the first thermal management conditions. In this method, the first thermal management conditions combine charging current constraints and heating temperature constraints, accurately identifying scenarios where the battery's charging capacity is limited due to low temperatures. This helps to promptly activate heating to improve battery charging capacity and delay battery performance degradation. Furthermore, the first thermal management conditions are more stringent than heating activation conditions based on a single temperature threshold, effectively reducing the occurrence of heating activation under unnecessary circumstances, thereby saving energy.

[0171] The battery's target allows the charging current to be correlated with the battery's state information. Based on this, in one embodiment, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the target allowable charging current for the battery obtained above includes:

[0172] S410. Determine the reference allowable charging current of the battery based on the battery status information.

[0173] The battery status information may include at least one of the following: the battery's current temperature, state of charge (SOC), and state of health (SOH).

[0174] Optionally, the BMS can obtain battery status information, such as the current temperature and SOC of the battery, and determine the charging current corresponding to the current temperature and SOC by looking up a table, which is recorded as the battery's reference allowable charging current.

[0175] S420: Compare the reference allowable charging current with the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery.

[0176] The preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery is the rated charging current of the battery.

[0177] S430. Obtain the minimum value between the reference allowable charging current and the maximum allowable charging current as the target allowable charging current.

[0178] Optionally, after obtaining the reference allowable charging current of the battery, the BMS can compare the reference allowable charging current with the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery to obtain the minimum value between the reference allowable charging current and the maximum allowable charging current as the target allowable charging current.

[0179] In this embodiment, a reference allowable charging current for the battery is determined based on the battery's state information. The reference allowable charging current is compared with a preset maximum allowable charging current for the battery to obtain the minimum value between the reference allowable charging current and the maximum allowable charging current, which is then used as the target allowable charging current. In the above method, a reference allowable charging current corresponding to the battery's state information is determined, and the smaller value between the reference allowable charging current and the preset maximum allowable charging current is selected as the target allowable charging current. This method fully considers the actual charging capacity of the battery while also taking into account the upper limit of the battery's charging capacity, thereby improving the reliability of the obtained target allowable charging current.

[0180] The required charging current for the battery includes at least two parts: one part is the current supplied to the battery, i.e., the bus current, and the other part is the current supplied to the thermal management system, i.e., the thermal management current. Based on this, in one embodiment, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the above-mentioned method for obtaining the required charging current of the battery includes:

[0181] S510: Obtain the battery bus current and thermal management current; the bus current is the current charged into the battery, and the thermal management current is the current charged into the thermal management system.

[0182] Optionally, the BMS can obtain the battery bus current and the thermal management current of the thermal management system, respectively.

[0183] S520: Obtain the product of the number of parallel branches in the battery and the preset branch overcurrent value, and use it as the battery overcurrent.

[0184] The branch overcurrent value is the overcurrent value that the branch in the battery can withstand. For example, the branch overcurrent value is 15A.

[0185] Optionally, considering that there may be a large overcurrent during battery charging, the BMS can read the preset number of parallel branches in the battery and the preset branch overcurrent value, and obtain the product of the number of branches and the branch overcurrent value as the battery overcurrent current.

[0186] S530: Obtain the sum of bus current, thermal management current and overcurrent current as the required charging current.

[0187] Optionally, after obtaining the battery's bus current, thermal management current, and overcurrent, the BMS obtains the sum of the bus current, thermal management current, and overcurrent as the battery's required charging current.

[0188] In this embodiment, the battery's bus current and thermal management current are obtained, and the product of the number of parallel branches in the battery and a preset branch overcurrent value is obtained as the battery's overcurrent. Then, the sum of the bus current, thermal management current, and overcurrent is obtained as the required charging current. The bus current is the current that charges the battery, and the thermal management current is the current that charges the thermal management system. In the above method, the sum of the battery's bus current, the thermal management current of the thermal management system, and the battery's overcurrent is used as the battery's required charging current. This fully considers the various current requirements in actual battery applications, improves the matching degree between the battery's required charging current and the battery's actual current requirements, and can correspondingly improve the reliability of the obtained required charging current.

[0189] When the battery is currently in a charging state, the thermal management system is currently in a non-activated thermal management mode, and the target thermal management mode is activated cooling, in one embodiment, the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode in the current operating state are obtained in S230, including:

[0190] Obtain the second thermal management condition required to switch from never having thermal management enabled to having cooling enabled while in charging mode.

[0191] The second thermal management condition is the condition required for the thermal management system to switch from never being activated to activating cooling while the battery is charging.

[0192] Optionally, when the BMS determines that the current operating state of the battery is charging, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is not enabled, and the target thermal management mode is to enable cooling, it can read from a set of pre-stored thermal management conditions the second thermal management condition required for the thermal management system to switch from not enabling thermal management to enabling cooling under the battery charging state.

[0193] Accordingly, S340 above, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, controls the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode, including:

[0194] If the battery status data meets the second thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to activate cooling on the battery.

[0195] Optionally, after obtaining the second thermal management condition, the BMS can further obtain the battery status data corresponding to the second management condition, match the obtained battery status data with the second thermal management condition, and control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to start cooling on the battery when the obtained battery status data meets the second thermal management condition.

[0196] In an optional embodiment, the second thermal management condition includes:

[0197] The battery's reference temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold for activating cooling corresponding to the battery's current charging rate; the battery's reference temperature is obtained based on the temperature of each cell in the battery.

[0198] For example, the reference temperature of the battery can be the maximum cell temperature, minimum cell temperature, or average cell temperature within the battery. Batteries at different charging rates have different temperature thresholds for activating cooling. In practical applications, the higher the charging rate (i.e., the higher the charging current), the lower the corresponding temperature threshold for activating cooling.

[0199] If the battery's reference temperature is greater than or equal to the temperature threshold for activating cooling, it indicates that the battery's current temperature is high and has reached the temperature condition for activating cooling.

[0200] Accordingly, the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions obtained in S230 above includes:

[0201] The battery's reference temperature and current charging rate are obtained as battery state data corresponding to the second thermal management condition.

[0202] Optionally, taking the reference temperature including the maximum cell temperature and the average cell temperature as an example, after obtaining the second thermal management condition, the BMS can obtain the maximum cell temperature and the average cell temperature of the battery as the reference temperature of the battery, and obtain the current charging rate of the battery. The reference temperature and the current charging rate of the battery are used together as the battery state data corresponding to the second thermal management condition.

[0203] In an optional embodiment, taking a thermal management system including a water-cooled unit as an example, the above-mentioned thermal management operation of controlling the thermal management system to perform cooling on the battery when the battery state data meets the second thermal management condition includes:

[0204] The target water temperature is determined based on the current charging rate of the battery, and the water-cooling unit is instructed to adjust the water temperature to the target temperature to cool the battery.

[0205] The higher the battery charging rate, the lower the corresponding target water temperature.

[0206] In this embodiment, the target thermal management mode is cooling on. The second thermal management condition required to switch from non-cooling to cooling on during charging is obtained. When the battery status data meets the second thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform cooling on the battery. The second thermal management condition includes a battery reference temperature greater than or equal to the cooling on temperature threshold corresponding to the battery's current charging rate. The battery reference temperature and current charging rate are obtained as the battery status data corresponding to the second thermal management condition. The battery reference temperature is obtained based on the temperature of each cell in the battery. In the above method, the cooling on temperature threshold in the second thermal management condition is the temperature threshold corresponding to the battery's current charging rate. This means different cooling on temperature thresholds are set for different charging rates to adapt to the actual operating conditions of the battery. This can accurately identify scenarios where the battery's charging capacity is limited due to high temperatures, meet the battery's cooling needs during charging, delay battery performance degradation, achieve precise thermal management operations, and effectively reduce the need to activate cooling in unnecessary situations, thereby saving energy.

[0207] It should be noted that in practical applications, when the BMS determines that the battery's current operating state is charging and the thermal management system's current thermal management mode is not enabled, it can set heating and cooling as the target thermal management modes respectively. It then reads the first and second thermal management conditions, obtaining the battery status data corresponding to both conditions. The BMS then matches the battery status data corresponding to the first and second thermal management conditions with those conditions. If the battery status data corresponding to the first thermal management condition meets those conditions, the BMS controls the thermal management system to enable heating. If the battery status data corresponding to the second thermal management condition meets those conditions, the BMS controls the thermal management system to enable cooling. If neither the first nor the second thermal management condition is met, the BMS does not need to adjust the thermal management system's current thermal management mode, and the thermal management system remains disabled. The first and second thermal management conditions cannot be met simultaneously.

[0208] The Battery Management System (BMS) can also determine the target thermal management mode based on the battery's current temperature when the battery is in a charging state and the thermal management system is in a non-activated thermal management mode. Specifically, if the current temperature is within a first temperature range, the BMS determines the target thermal management mode to be heating, reads the first thermal management condition, obtains the corresponding battery status data, and controls the thermal management system to activate heating if the battery status data meets the first thermal management condition. If the current temperature is within a second temperature range, the BMS determines the target thermal management mode to be cooling, reads the second thermal management condition, obtains the corresponding battery status data, and controls the thermal management system to activate cooling if the battery status data meets the second thermal management condition. If the current temperature is neither within the first nor the second temperature range, the BMS does not need to adjust the thermal management system's current thermal management mode; the thermal management system remains in a non-activated thermal management mode. The temperature value in the first temperature range is lower than the temperature value in the second temperature range.

[0209] When the battery is currently charging, the thermal management system is currently in heating mode, and the target thermal management mode is heating off, in one embodiment, the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode in the current operating state are obtained in S230, including:

[0210] Obtain the third thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off while charging.

[0211] The third thermal management condition refers to the conditions required for the thermal management system to switch from heating on to heating off while the battery is charging.

[0212] Optionally, when the BMS determines that the current operating state of the battery is charging, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is heating on, and the target thermal management mode is heating off, it can read the third thermal management condition required for the thermal management system to switch from heating on to heating off in the corresponding battery charging state from a set of pre-stored thermal management conditions.

[0213] Accordingly, S340 above, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, controls the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode, including:

[0214] If the battery status data meets the third thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the heating of the battery.

[0215] Optionally, after obtaining the third thermal management condition, the BMS can further acquire the battery status data corresponding to the third management condition, match the acquired battery status data with the third thermal management condition, and control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to shut down heating on the battery if the acquired battery status data meets the third thermal management condition. Conversely, if the acquired battery status data does not meet the third thermal management condition, the BMS does not need to control and adjust the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system, and the thermal management system continues to keep heating on.

[0216] In an optional embodiment, the third thermal management condition includes at least one of the following:

[0217] The target allowable charging current for the battery is greater than or equal to the battery's required charging current for the continuously preset duration.

[0218] The target allowable charging current is greater than or equal to the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery;

[0219] The current temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating.

[0220] If the target allowable charging current is greater than or equal to the battery's required charging current for a continuously preset duration, it indicates that the battery's current state is stable and its current charging capacity can meet the charging needs. If the target allowable charging current is greater than or equal to the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery, it indicates that the battery's current charging capacity has reached its limit, and further heating of the battery will not improve its charging capacity or will have a very slight improvement effect. If the battery's current temperature is greater than the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating, it indicates that the battery's current temperature is too high and the temperature condition for turning off heating has been met.

[0221] Accordingly, the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions obtained in S230 above includes:

[0222] The target allowable charging current, the required charging current, and the current temperature of the battery are obtained as battery state data corresponding to the third thermal management condition.

[0223] The third thermal management condition required to shut off heating while the battery is charging is in opposition to the first thermal management condition required to turn on heating while the battery is charging. The battery state data obtained is the same, and the specific acquisition process is detailed in S410-S430 and S510-S530 of the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, the temperature threshold for shutting off heating in the third thermal management condition is higher than the temperature threshold for turning on heating in the first thermal management condition.

[0224] Based on this, the first and third thermal management conditions are summarized as follows:

[0225] The first thermal management conditions include: the target allowable charging current for a continuously preset duration is less than the required charging current, the target allowable charging current is less than the maximum allowable charging current, and the current temperature of the battery is less than the temperature threshold for activating heating.

[0226] The third thermal management condition includes: the target allowable charging current for a continuously preset duration is greater than or equal to the required charging current, the target allowable charging current is greater than or equal to the maximum allowable charging current, or the current temperature of the battery is greater than the temperature threshold for turning off heating.

[0227] Target allowable charging current = min (reference allowable charging current, maximum allowable charging current)

[0228] Demand charging current = bus current + thermal management current + branch overcurrent value × number of branches

[0229] In this embodiment, the target thermal management mode is heating off. Therefore, the third thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off during charging is obtained. If the battery status data meets the third thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a heating-off thermal management operation on the battery. The third thermal management condition includes at least one of the following: the target allowable charging current of the battery is greater than or equal to the battery's required charging current for a continuously preset duration; the target allowable charging current is greater than or equal to the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery; and the current temperature of the battery is greater than a preset temperature threshold for heating off. The target allowable charging current, the battery's required charging current, and the current temperature of the battery are obtained accordingly as the battery status data corresponding to the third thermal management condition. In the above method, the third thermal management condition covers the heating requirement under the actual charging conditions of the battery, as well as the heating requirement determined based on the battery temperature. Meeting either condition is sufficient, which is broader than a single temperature threshold heating-off condition. Heating can be shut off promptly based on the actual operating conditions of the battery, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and improving system energy efficiency.

[0230] When the battery is currently in a charging state, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is cooling on, and the target thermal management mode is cooling off, in one embodiment, the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode in the current operating state, as described in S230, include:

[0231] Obtain the fourth thermal management condition required to switch from cooling on to cooling off while charging.

[0232] The fourth thermal management condition is the condition required for the thermal management system to switch from turning on cooling to turning off cooling while the battery is charging.

[0233] Optionally, when the BMS determines that the current operating state of the battery is charging, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is cooling on, and the target thermal management mode is cooling off, it can read the fourth thermal management condition required for the thermal management system to switch from cooling on to cooling off under the corresponding battery charging state from among the pre-stored multiple thermal management conditions.

[0234] Accordingly, S340 above, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, controls the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode, including:

[0235] If the battery status data meets the fourth thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the cooling of the battery.

[0236] Optionally, after obtaining the fourth thermal management condition, the BMS can further acquire the battery status data corresponding to the fourth management condition, match the acquired battery status data with the fourth thermal management condition, and control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to shut down cooling on the battery if the acquired battery status data meets the fourth thermal management condition. Conversely, if the acquired battery status data does not meet the fourth thermal management condition, the BMS does not need to control and adjust the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system, and the thermal management system continues to keep cooling on.

[0237] In an alternative embodiment, the fourth thermal management condition includes:

[0238] At least one of the battery's reference temperatures is less than or equal to the temperature threshold for turning off cooling corresponding to the battery's current charging rate; the battery's reference temperature is obtained based on the temperature of each cell in the battery.

[0239] For example, the reference temperature of the battery can be the maximum cell temperature, minimum cell temperature, or average cell temperature within the battery. The temperature threshold for shutting off cooling differs depending on the charging rate. In practical applications, the higher the charging rate (i.e., the greater the charging current), the lower the corresponding temperature threshold for shutting off cooling.

[0240] If the battery's reference temperature is less than or equal to the temperature threshold for turning off cooling, it indicates that the battery's current temperature is low and has reached the temperature condition for turning off cooling.

[0241] Accordingly, the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions obtained in S230 above includes:

[0242] The battery's reference temperature and current charging rate are obtained as the battery status data corresponding to the fourth thermal management condition.

[0243] Optionally, taking the reference temperature including the maximum cell temperature and the average cell temperature as an example, after obtaining the fourth thermal management condition, the BMS can obtain the maximum cell temperature and the average cell temperature of the battery as two reference temperatures of the battery, and obtain the current charging rate of the battery. The reference temperature and the current charging rate of the battery are used together as the battery status data corresponding to the fourth thermal management condition.

[0244] The fourth thermal management condition required to shut off cooling while the battery is charging is in opposition to the second thermal management condition required to turn on cooling while the battery is charging, and the acquired battery state data is the same. Furthermore, the temperature threshold for shutting off cooling in the fourth thermal management condition is lower than the temperature threshold for turning on cooling in the second thermal management condition.

[0245] For example, the second and fourth thermal management conditions are as follows:

[0246]

[0247] Where C is the rated capacity multiplied by SOH, Tmax represents the maximum cell temperature, and Tmean represents the average cell temperature.

[0248] In this embodiment, the target thermal management mode is cooling off. Therefore, the fourth thermal management condition required to switch from cooling on to cooling off during charging is obtained. When the battery state data meets the fourth thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a cooling-off thermal management operation on the battery. The fourth thermal management condition includes at least one reference temperature of the battery being less than or equal to the cooling-off temperature threshold corresponding to the battery's current charging rate. The battery's reference temperature and current charging rate are obtained accordingly as the battery state data corresponding to the fourth thermal management condition. The battery's reference temperature is obtained based on the temperature of each cell in the battery. In the above method, the cooling-off temperature threshold in the fourth thermal management condition is the temperature threshold corresponding to the battery's current charging rate. That is, different cooling-off temperature thresholds are set for the battery under different charging rates to adapt to the actual operating conditions of the battery, meet the cooling requirements of the battery during charging, and achieve precise thermal management operation. This timely cooling-off not only saves energy but also reduces the battery's operating time at excessively low temperatures, delaying battery performance degradation.

[0249] In one embodiment, for a battery currently in a discharged state, step S220 involves obtaining the target thermal management mode to be switched based on the current operating state and the current thermal management mode, including:

[0250] Given that the current thermal management mode is heating on, the target thermal management mode is set to heating off.

[0251] Accordingly, the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode in the current operating state, as described in S230 above, include:

[0252] Obtain the fifth thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off while in discharge mode.

[0253] The fifth thermal management condition is the condition required for the thermal management system to switch from heating on to heating off when the battery is discharging.

[0254] Optionally, when the BMS determines that the current operating state of the battery is in a discharge state, and the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is in heating mode, it can read the fifth thermal management condition required for the thermal management system to switch from heating mode to heating mode off in the corresponding battery discharge state from a set of pre-stored thermal management conditions.

[0255] Accordingly, S340 above, based on thermal management conditions and battery state data, controls the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode, including:

[0256] If the battery status data meets the fifth thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the heating of the battery.

[0257] Optionally, after obtaining the fifth thermal management condition, the BMS can further acquire the battery status data corresponding to the fifth management condition, match the acquired battery status data with the fifth thermal management condition, and control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to shut down heating on the battery if the acquired battery status data meets the fifth thermal management condition. Conversely, if the acquired battery status data does not meet the fifth thermal management condition, the BMS does not need to control and adjust the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system, and the thermal management system continues to keep heating on.

[0258] In this embodiment, the current operating state is a discharge state. When the current thermal management mode is heating on, and the target thermal management mode is determined to be heating off, the fifth thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off in the discharge state is obtained. If the battery state data meets the fifth thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to turn off the heating on the battery. In the above method, when the battery is in a discharge state, for the scenario where the current thermal management mode is heating on and the target thermal management mode is heating off, the fifth thermal management condition is used to determine whether to perform a thermal management operation to turn off the heating on the battery. This achieves thermal management to turn off the heating on when the battery is charging. Turning off the heating on in a timely manner can not only save energy consumption, but also reduce the battery's operating time at excessively high temperatures and delay battery performance degradation.

[0259] In an optional embodiment, the fifth thermal management condition includes:

[0260] The battery's current temperature is greater than or equal to the target reference temperature; the target reference temperature is obtained based on the battery's historical current data.

[0261] Accordingly, such as Figure 6 As shown, the above-mentioned acquisition of battery state data corresponding to thermal management conditions includes:

[0262] S610. Based on the battery's historical current data, determine the first reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is discharging, and the second reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is charging.

[0263] The battery's historical current data includes the discharge current when the battery is discharging and the charging current when the battery is charging.

[0264] Optionally, the BMS can determine a first reference temperature for shutting off heating of the thermal management system based on the discharge current of the battery in the discharge state from the battery's historical battery data, and determine a second reference temperature for shutting off heating of the thermal management system based on the charging current of the battery in the charging state from the battery's historical battery data.

[0265] S620. Determine the target reference temperature based on the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating.

[0266] Optionally, after obtaining the first reference temperature and the second reference temperature, the BMS can read a preset temperature threshold for turning off heating from a preset configuration table to determine a target reference temperature among the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and the temperature threshold for turning off heating. The configuration table includes multiple preset temperature thresholds. For example, the configuration table includes preset temperature thresholds for turning on heating, turning off heating, turning on cooling, and turning off cooling.

[0267] S630: Use the current temperature of the battery and the target reference temperature as the battery status data corresponding to the fifth thermal management condition.

[0268] Optionally, the BMS can obtain the current temperature of the battery and use the current temperature of the battery and the target reference temperature obtained based on the historical current data of the battery as the battery state data corresponding to the fifth thermal management condition.

[0269] In this embodiment, the fifth thermal management condition includes the battery's current temperature being greater than or equal to a target reference temperature. The target reference temperature is obtained based on the battery's historical current data. Accordingly, a first reference temperature for the thermal management system to shut off heating when the battery is discharging and a second reference temperature for the thermal management system to shut off heating when the battery is charging are determined based on the battery's historical current data. The target reference temperature is then determined based on the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and a preset temperature threshold for shutting off heating. The battery's current temperature and the target reference temperature are used as the battery state data corresponding to the fifth thermal management condition. In the above method, the first and second reference temperatures are determined based on the battery's historical current data. The target reference temperature, used to determine whether to shut off heating, is then determined from the first and second reference temperatures and the preset temperature threshold for shutting off heating. This ensures that the target reference temperature is adapted to the corresponding battery, rather than being limited to a uniform fixed temperature threshold. This achieves dynamic calculation of the target reference temperature, thereby improving the adaptability and robustness of the battery thermal management method for different batteries.

[0270] To obtain the target reference temperature, in one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the above-mentioned S620, determining the target reference temperature based on the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating, includes:

[0271] S710: Obtain the maximum value between the first reference temperature and the second reference temperature, and use it as the maximum reference temperature.

[0272] Optionally, after obtaining the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating, the BMS can first compare the first reference temperature and the second reference temperature, and determine the maximum value as the maximum reference temperature.

[0273] S720: Obtain the minimum value between the temperature threshold for turning off heating and the maximum reference temperature, and use it as the target reference temperature.

[0274] Optionally, after obtaining the maximum value of the first reference temperature and the second reference temperature, i.e., the maximum reference temperature, the BMS can then compare the maximum reference temperature with a preset temperature threshold for turning off heating, and determine the minimum value as the target reference temperature.

[0275] Wherein, the target reference temperature T satisfies the following formula:

[0276] T = min{T0, Max(T1, T2)}

[0277] T0 represents the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating, T1 represents the first reference temperature, and T2 represents the second reference temperature.

[0278] To obtain the first reference temperature and the second reference temperature, in one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, S610 above, determining the first reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is discharging, and the second reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is charging, based on the battery's historical current data, includes:

[0279] S810: Determine the maximum discharge current and maximum charging current of the battery based on historical current data.

[0280] Optionally, the BMS can determine the maximum discharge current based on the discharge current of the battery in the discharge state from the battery's historical battery data, and determine the maximum charging current based on the charging current of the battery in the charging state from the battery's historical battery data.

[0281] S820. Determine a first reference temperature based on at least one reference discharge current, the maximum discharge current, and the preset minimum discharge current of the battery; the at least one reference discharge current is obtained based on the discharge current of the battery at different temperatures corresponding to the preset state of charge and the number of parallel branches in the battery; one temperature corresponds to one reference discharge current.

[0282] Specifically, for batteries with a preset state of charge and in a discharging state, different discharge capacities, i.e., different discharge currents, are corresponding to different temperatures.

[0283] Optionally, the BMS can obtain at least one reference discharge current that meets the requirements based on the discharge current of the battery at different temperatures corresponding to a preset state of charge and the number of parallel branches in the battery, and determine the first reference temperature based on the at least one reference discharge current, the maximum discharge current and the preset minimum discharge current of the battery.

[0284] S830. Determine a second reference temperature based on at least one reference charging current, the maximum charging current, and the preset minimum charging current of the battery; the at least one reference charging current is obtained based on the charging current and the number of branches of the battery corresponding to the preset state of charge at different temperatures; one temperature corresponds to one reference charging current.

[0285] Specifically, for batteries with a preset state of charge and in a charging state, different charging capacities, i.e., different charging currents, are corresponding to different temperatures.

[0286] Optionally, the BMS can obtain at least one reference charging current that meets the requirements based on the charging current of the battery at different temperatures corresponding to a preset state of charge and the number of parallel branches in the battery, and determine a second reference temperature based on at least one reference charging current, the maximum charging current and the preset minimum charging current of the battery.

[0287] In one embodiment, such asFigure 9 As shown, the above-mentioned S810, which determines the maximum discharge current and maximum charging current of the battery based on historical current data, includes:

[0288] S910. Obtain the candidate current data corresponding to the earliest preset number of charge-discharge cycles from the historical current data.

[0289] The historical current data includes battery current data across multiple charge-discharge cycles. A charge-discharge cycle consists of a discharge phase, starting from a fully charged state (i.e., reaching the charging cutoff voltage and current), discharging to a fully discharged state (i.e., reaching the discharge cutoff voltage), and then a charging phase, from the fully discharged state back to the fully charged state.

[0290] Optionally, the BMS reads the battery's historical current data and retrieves the earliest current data corresponding to a preset number of discharge cycles, which is recorded as candidate current data. For example, the BMS can retrieve the current data of the battery's first 5 cycles from the battery's historical current data as candidate current data.

[0291] S920. Obtain the maximum value of the discharge current in the candidate current data as the maximum discharge current.

[0292] Optionally, after obtaining the candidate current data, the BMS can obtain the discharge current of the battery during the discharge stage from the candidate current data to determine the maximum value of the discharge current as the maximum discharge current.

[0293] S930: Obtain the maximum value of the charging current in the candidate current data, and use it as the maximum charging current.

[0294] Optionally, after obtaining the candidate current data, the BMS can obtain the charging current of the battery during the charging stage from the candidate current data to determine the maximum value of the charging current as the maximum charging current.

[0295] In this embodiment, candidate current data corresponding to the earliest preset charge-discharge cycle number is obtained from historical current data. The maximum value of the discharge current in the candidate current data is obtained as the maximum discharge current, and the maximum value of the charging current in the candidate current data is obtained as the maximum charging current. In the above method, the maximum discharge current and the maximum charging current are determined by using the candidate current data corresponding to the earliest preset charge-discharge cycle number in the battery's historical circuit data. The battery's charge-discharge cycle can fully cover the actual charging conditions and actual discharging conditions of the battery, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of the obtained maximum discharge current and maximum charging current.

[0296] In one embodiment, such as Figure 10As shown, the above-mentioned S820, determining the first reference temperature based on at least one reference discharge current, the maximum discharge current, and a preset minimum discharge current of the battery, includes:

[0297] S1010: Obtain the product of the maximum discharge current and the preset proportional coefficient as the first current.

[0298] The preset scaling factor is greater than 0 and less than 1. For example, the preset scaling factor is 0.8.

[0299] Optionally, the BMS can obtain the product of the maximum discharge current and a preset proportional coefficient as the first current.

[0300] S1020: Obtain at least one first candidate temperature where the corresponding reference discharge current is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the first current and the minimum discharge current.

[0301] Optionally, the BMS can compare a first current and a minimum discharge current to determine a maximum value, and determine at least one temperature corresponding to a reference discharge current greater than or equal to the maximum value among at least one reference discharge current, denoted as at least one first candidate temperature.

[0302] S1030, Obtain the minimum value among at least one first candidate temperature as the first reference temperature.

[0303] Optionally, the BMS may obtain the minimum value among at least one first candidate temperature as the first reference temperature.

[0304] In one embodiment, such as Figure 11 As shown, S830 above, determining the second reference temperature based on at least one reference charging current, the maximum charging current, and a preset minimum charging current of the battery, includes:

[0305] S1110: Obtain the product of the maximum charging current and the preset proportional coefficient as the second current.

[0306] Optionally, the BMS can obtain the product of the maximum charging current and a preset proportional coefficient as the second current.

[0307] S1120: Obtain at least one second candidate temperature where the corresponding reference charging current is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the second current and the minimum charging current.

[0308] Optionally, the BMS can compare the second current and the minimum charging current to determine the maximum value, and determine at least one temperature corresponding to a reference charging current greater than or equal to the maximum value among at least one reference charging current, denoted as at least one second candidate temperature.

[0309] S1130, Obtain the minimum value among at least one second candidate temperature as the second reference temperature.

[0310] Optionally, the BMS may obtain the minimum value among at least one second candidate temperature as a second reference temperature.

[0311] For example, the first reference temperature T1 and the second reference temperature T2 respectively satisfy the following equations:

[0312] T1 = min{I(50%SOC, T1) * number of branches ≥ max(I c-max *0.8,I c-min )}

[0313] T2 = min{I(50%SOC, T2) * number of branches ≥ max(I d-max *0.8,I d-min )}

[0314] Where I represents the current at 50% SOC at different temperatures T determined by looking up a table, and 50% SOC represents the preset state of charge. c-max I represents the maximum charging current. c-min I represents the preset minimum charging current. d-max I represents the maximum discharge current. d-min This represents the preset minimum discharge current, and 0.8 is the preset proportional coefficient.

[0315] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the battery thermal management method provided in this application is described in detail below, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the method may include:

[0316] S1201. Obtain the current operating status of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the battery's thermal management system, and determine the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system.

[0317] S1202. When the current working state of the battery is charging, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is not enabled, and the target thermal management mode is enabled heating, obtain the first thermal management condition required to switch from not enabled thermal management to enabled heating in the charging state.

[0318] S1203. Obtain the target allowable charging current of the battery, the required charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery as the battery state data corresponding to the first thermal management condition.

[0319] S1204. When the battery status data meets the first thermal management condition, control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to turn on the heating of the battery.

[0320] S1205. When the current working state of the battery is charging, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is not enabled, and the target thermal management mode is enabled cooling, obtain the second thermal management condition required to switch from not enabled thermal management to enabled cooling in the charging state.

[0321] S1206. Obtain the battery's reference temperature and current charging rate as battery state data corresponding to the second thermal management condition.

[0322] S1207. When the battery status data meets the second thermal management condition, control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to turn on the cooling of the battery.

[0323] S1208. When the current working state of the battery is charging, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is heating on, and the target thermal management mode is heating off, obtain the third thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off in the charging state.

[0324] S1209. Obtain the battery's reference temperature and current charging rate as battery state data corresponding to the second thermal management condition.

[0325] S1210. When the battery status data meets the third thermal management condition, control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the heating of the battery.

[0326] S1211. When the current working state of the battery is charging, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is cooling on, and the target thermal management mode is cooling off, obtain the fourth thermal management condition required to switch from cooling on to cooling off in the charging state.

[0327] S1212. Obtain the battery's reference temperature and current charging rate as the battery status data corresponding to the fourth thermal management condition.

[0328] S1213. When the battery status data meets the fourth thermal management condition, control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the cooling of the battery.

[0329] S1214. When the current working state of the battery is the discharge state, the current thermal management mode of the thermal management system is the heating on, and the target thermal management mode is the heating off, obtain the fifth thermal management condition required to switch from the heating on to the heating off state in the discharge state.

[0330] S1215. Determine the first reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is discharging, and the second reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is charging, based on the battery's historical current data.

[0331] S1216. Determine the target reference temperature based on the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating;

[0332] S1217. Use the current temperature of the battery and the target reference temperature as the battery status data corresponding to the fifth thermal management condition.

[0333] S1218. When the battery status data meets the fifth thermal management condition, control the thermal management system to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the heating of the battery.

[0334] The first thermal management conditions include:

[0335] The target allowable charging current of the battery is less than the battery's required charging current, the target allowable charging current is less than the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery is less than the preset temperature threshold for turning on heating.

[0336] The second heat management conditions include:

[0337] The battery's reference temperatures are greater than or equal to the temperature threshold for activating cooling corresponding to the battery's current charging rate; the battery's reference temperatures are obtained based on the temperatures of each cell within the battery.

[0338] The third-level heat management conditions include at least one of the following:

[0339] The target allowable charging current for the battery is greater than or equal to the battery's required charging current for the continuously preset duration.

[0340] The target allowable charging current is greater than or equal to the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery;

[0341] The current temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating.

[0342] The fourth thermal management condition includes:

[0343] At least one of the battery's reference temperatures is less than or equal to the temperature threshold for turning off cooling corresponding to the battery's current charging rate; the battery's reference temperature is obtained based on the temperature of each cell in the battery.

[0344] The fifth thermal management condition includes:

[0345] The battery's current temperature is greater than or equal to the target reference temperature; the target reference temperature is obtained based on the battery's historical current data.

[0346] It should be noted that the descriptions in S1201-S1218 above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, and their effects are similar, so they will not be repeated here.

[0347] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0348] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a battery thermal management device for implementing the battery thermal management method described above. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above method; therefore, the specific limitations in one or more battery thermal management device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the battery thermal management method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0349] In one embodiment, such as Figure 13 As shown, a battery thermal management device is provided, including: an information acquisition module 1301, a mode determination module 1302, a data acquisition module 1303, and a control management module 1304; wherein:

[0350] The information acquisition module 1301 is used to acquire the current operating status of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the battery's thermal management system;

[0351] The mode determination module 1302 is used to obtain the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system based on the current working status and the current thermal management mode;

[0352] The data acquisition module 1303 is used to acquire the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current working state, and to acquire the battery status data corresponding to the thermal management conditions;

[0353] The control management module 1304 is used to control the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery according to the corresponding target thermal management mode based on thermal management conditions and battery status data.

[0354] The current operating state is charging. The mode determination module 1302 is used for:

[0355] If the current thermal management mode is not activated, the target thermal management mode is determined to be either heating or cooling. If the current thermal management mode is heating, the target thermal management mode is deactivated. If the current thermal management mode is cooling, the target thermal management mode is deactivated.

[0356] Each module in the aforementioned battery thermal management device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device, or stored in the memory of a computer device as software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0357] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 14 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output interface, communication interface, display unit, and input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are also connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The input / output interface is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, Near Field Communication (NFC), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a battery thermal management method. The display unit is used to form a visually visible image and can be a display screen, projection device, or virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, trackballs, or touchpads set on the casing of the computer device, or external keyboards, touchpads, or mice, etc.

[0358] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 14 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0359] In one embodiment, a battery management system is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above-described battery management methods.

[0360] In one embodiment, a vehicle is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle includes a battery management system 102, a thermal management system 104, and a battery 106; the battery management system 102 is used to implement the steps of any of the above-described battery management methods.

[0361] When applied to a vehicle, battery 106 can be a drive battery in the vehicle. The state of charge of battery 106 indicates that an external power source (such as a charging pile) is charging battery 106, and the state of discharge of battery 106 indicates that the vehicle is in a driving state.

[0362] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described battery management methods.

[0363] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-described battery management methods.

[0364] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments described above. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0365] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0366] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management method, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the current operating status of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the battery's thermal management system; Based on the current operating status and the current thermal management mode, obtain the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system; Obtain the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current working state, and obtain the battery status data corresponding to the thermal management conditions; Based on the thermal management conditions and the battery status data, the thermal management system is controlled to perform thermal management operations on the battery corresponding to the target thermal management mode. The current operating state is a charging state. The step of obtaining the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system based on the current operating state and the current thermal management mode includes: If the current thermal management mode is not activated, the target thermal management mode is determined to be either heating or cooling; if the current thermal management mode is heating, the target thermal management mode is deactivated; if the current thermal management mode is cooling, the target thermal management mode is deactivated. The target thermal management mode is heating mode enabled. The step of acquiring the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state includes: Obtain the first thermal management conditions required to switch from non-activated thermal management to activated heating in the charging state; the first thermal management conditions include: the target allowable charging current of the battery is less than the required charging current of the battery for a continuous preset duration, the target allowable charging current is less than the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery is less than the preset temperature threshold for activating heating. Accordingly, obtaining the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions includes: The target allowable charging current of the battery, the required charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery are obtained as battery state data corresponding to the first thermal management condition. Obtaining the required charging current of the battery includes: obtaining the bus current and thermal management current of the battery; obtaining the product of the number of parallel branches in the battery and a preset branch overcurrent value as the overcurrent current of the battery; obtaining the sum of the bus current, the thermal management current and the overcurrent current as the required charging current; the bus current is the current charged into the battery, and the thermal management current is the current charged into the thermal management system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target thermal management mode is to activate heating. Based on the thermal management conditions and the battery status data, controlling the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations corresponding to the target thermal management mode on the battery includes: If the battery status data meets the first thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to turn on the heating of the battery.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtaining the target allowable charging current of the battery includes: The reference allowable charging current of the battery is determined based on the battery's state information; Compare the reference allowable charging current with the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery; The minimum value between the reference allowable charging current and the maximum allowable charging current is obtained as the target allowable charging current.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target thermal management mode is cooling on. Obtaining the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state includes: Obtain the second thermal management condition required to switch from non-activated thermal management to activated cooling during the charging state; Accordingly, controlling the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery corresponding to the target thermal management mode based on the thermal management conditions and the battery state data includes: If the battery status data meets the second thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to activate cooling on the battery.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second thermal management conditions include: The reference temperatures of the battery are greater than or equal to the temperature threshold for activating cooling corresponding to the current charging rate of the battery; the reference temperatures of the battery are obtained based on the temperature of each cell in the battery; Accordingly, obtaining the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions includes: The reference temperature and current charging rate of the battery are obtained as battery state data corresponding to the second thermal management condition.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target thermal management mode is heating off. The step of obtaining the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state includes: Obtain the third thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off during the charging state; Accordingly, controlling the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery corresponding to the target thermal management mode based on the thermal management conditions and the battery state data includes: If the battery status data meets the third thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the heating of the battery.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third thermal management condition includes at least one of the following: For a continuously preset duration, the target allowable charging current of the battery is greater than or equal to the required charging current of the battery. The target allowable charging current is greater than or equal to the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery; The current temperature of the battery is greater than the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating. Accordingly, obtaining the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions includes: The target allowable charging current of the battery, the required charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery are obtained as battery state data corresponding to the third thermal management condition.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target thermal management mode is cooling off. Obtaining the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state includes: Obtain the fourth thermal management condition required to switch from cooling on to cooling off during the charging state; Accordingly, controlling the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery corresponding to the target thermal management mode based on the thermal management conditions and the battery state data includes: If the battery status data meets the fourth thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the cooling of the battery.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fourth thermal management condition includes: At least one reference temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature threshold for turning off cooling corresponding to the current charging rate of the battery; the reference temperature of the battery is obtained based on the temperature of each cell in the battery; Accordingly, obtaining the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions includes: The reference temperature and current charging rate of the battery are obtained as the battery state data corresponding to the fourth thermal management condition.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current operating state is a discharge state. The step of obtaining the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system based on the current operating state and the current thermal management mode includes: If the current thermal management mode is heating on, the target thermal management mode is determined to be heating off.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current operating state includes: Obtain the fifth thermal management condition required to switch from heating on to heating off under the discharge state; Accordingly, controlling the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery corresponding to the target thermal management mode based on the thermal management conditions and the battery state data includes: If the battery status data meets the fifth thermal management condition, the thermal management system is controlled to perform a thermal management operation to shut down the heating of the battery.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The fifth thermal management condition includes: The current temperature of the battery is greater than or equal to the target reference temperature; the target reference temperature is obtained based on the battery's historical current data. Accordingly, obtaining the battery state data corresponding to the thermal management conditions includes: Based on the historical current data of the battery, the thermal management system determines a first reference temperature at which the heating is turned off when the battery is discharging, and a second reference temperature at which the thermal management system turns off the heating when the battery is charging. The target reference temperature is determined based on the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and the preset temperature threshold for turning off heating. The current temperature of the battery and the target reference temperature are used as the battery status data corresponding to the fifth thermal management condition.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, Determining the target reference temperature based on the first reference temperature, the second reference temperature, and a preset temperature threshold for turning off heating includes: The maximum value between the first reference temperature and the second reference temperature is obtained as the maximum reference temperature; The minimum value between the temperature threshold for turning off heating and the maximum reference temperature is obtained as the target reference temperature.

14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The step of determining a first reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is discharging, and a second reference temperature at which the thermal management system shuts off heating when the battery is charging, based on the battery's historical current data, includes: The maximum discharge current and maximum charging current of the battery are determined based on the historical current data. The first reference temperature is determined based on at least one reference discharge current, the maximum discharge current, and the preset minimum discharge current of the battery; the at least one reference discharge current is obtained based on the discharge current of the battery corresponding to a preset state of charge at different temperatures and the number of parallel branches in the battery; one temperature corresponds to one reference discharge current. The second reference temperature is determined based on at least one reference charging current, the maximum charging current, and the preset minimum charging current of the battery; the at least one reference charging current is obtained based on the charging current of the battery corresponding to a preset state of charge at different temperatures and the number of branches; one temperature corresponds to one reference charging current.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Determining the maximum discharge current and maximum charging current of the battery based on the historical current data includes: Obtain candidate current data corresponding to the earliest preset charge-discharge cycle number from the historical current data; The maximum value of the discharge current in the candidate current data is obtained as the maximum discharge current; The maximum value of the charging current in the candidate current data is obtained as the maximum charging current.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Determining the first reference temperature based on at least one reference discharge current, the maximum discharge current, and a preset minimum discharge current of the battery includes: The product of the maximum discharge current and the preset proportional coefficient is obtained as the first current; Obtain at least one first candidate temperature where the reference discharge current is greater than or equal to the maximum value of the first current and the minimum discharge current; The minimum value among the at least one first candidate temperature is obtained as the first reference temperature.

17. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Determining the second reference temperature based on at least one reference charging current, the maximum charging current, and a preset minimum charging current of the battery includes: The product of the maximum charging current and the preset proportional coefficient is obtained as the second current; Obtain at least one second candidate temperature where the reference charging current is greater than or equal to the maximum value between the second current and the minimum charging current; The minimum value among the at least one second candidate temperature is obtained as the second reference temperature.

18. A battery thermal management device, characterized in that, The device includes: The information acquisition module is used to acquire the current operating status of the battery and the current thermal management mode of the battery's thermal management system. The mode determination module is used to obtain the target thermal management mode to be switched to by the thermal management system based on the current working state and the current thermal management mode. The data acquisition module is used to acquire the thermal management conditions required to switch from the current thermal management mode to the target thermal management mode under the current working state, and to acquire the battery status data corresponding to the thermal management conditions; The control and management module is used to control the thermal management system to perform thermal management operations on the battery corresponding to the target thermal management mode based on the thermal management conditions and the battery status data. The current operating state is charging state, and the mode determination module is used for: If the current thermal management mode is not activated, the target thermal management mode is determined to be either heating or cooling; if the current thermal management mode is heating, the target thermal management mode is deactivated; if the current thermal management mode is cooling, the target thermal management mode is deactivated. The target thermal management mode is heating mode enabled, and the data acquisition module is used for: Obtain the first thermal management conditions required to switch from non-activated thermal management to activated heating in the charging state; the first thermal management conditions include: the target allowable charging current of the battery is less than the required charging current of the battery for a continuous preset duration, the target allowable charging current is less than the preset maximum allowable charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery is less than the preset temperature threshold for activating heating. The target allowable charging current of the battery, the required charging current of the battery, and the current temperature of the battery are obtained as battery state data corresponding to the first thermal management condition. Obtaining the required charging current of the battery includes: obtaining the bus current and thermal management current of the battery; obtaining the product of the number of parallel branches in the battery and a preset branch overcurrent value as the overcurrent current of the battery; obtaining the sum of the bus current, the thermal management current and the overcurrent current as the required charging current; the bus current is the current charged into the battery, and the thermal management current is the current charged into the thermal management system.

19. A battery management system, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

20. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a battery management system, a thermal management system, and a battery; the battery management system is used to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

21. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

22. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.

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