Household energy storage modular device and battery connection mode adaptive switching method

Abstract

The invention discloses a household energy storage modular device and a battery connection mode self-adaptive switching method. The household energy storage modular device comprises a household energy storage unit, an expansion unit and an automatic switching unit, the household energy storage unit comprises a battery system and a battery capacity expansion system; the household energy storage unit is used for providing electric energy for a demand energy storage end; the battery system and the battery capacity expansion system are respectively connected with the capacity expansion unit and the automatic switching unit; the capacity expansion unit is used for switching a series-parallel connection relation between the battery system and the battery capacity expansion system; the automatic switching unit is used for switching the series-parallel connection relation between the interior of the battery system and the interior of the battery capacity expansion system. According to the invention, through a modularized battery cabinet scheme, the battery cabinet can adapt to any light storage all-in-one machine in the market, and a battery module does not need to be customized to adapt to the light storage all-in-one machine; for customers, when the battery cabinet is used for updating the optical storage all-in-one machine on the market, only the control cabinet above the battery needs to be replaced, the battery cabinet does not need to be replaced, and the cost is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular relates to a modular household energy storage device and an adaptive switching method for battery connection. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the market for stacked energy storage systems lacks a comprehensive modular solution compatible with all types of control cabinets. Customized energy storage systems must be developed to meet specific customer needs. For energy storage system manufacturers, this process is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, during subsequent use, customers may encounter insufficient connection ports to expand capacity, hindering expansion efforts. Additionally, replacing the control cabinet with the latest version requires replacing the entire battery cabinet, leading to resource waste and a poor customer experience.

[0003] Existing technology 1 provides an outdoor battery cabinet, which includes multiple battery cabinets and a functional cabinet. Each battery cabinet has a battery pack and a power interface that is electrically connected to the battery pack. The functional cabinet is equipped with multiple conductive connection components that can selectively connect the battery packs of the multiple battery cabinets in series or in parallel. However, the drawback of existing technology 1 is that it requires manual modification of the wiring to achieve the series-parallel conversion of each battery cabinet according to requirements. The battery packs inside each battery cabinet are connected in series, meaning that each battery cabinet has a rated output voltage and cannot output different voltages according to actual needs.

[0004] Existing technology 2 provides an adaptive configuration hybrid battery system and its active balancing control method. Each battery unit (BU) is connected to a series-parallel switch, and the series-parallel connection structure of the system is changed by controlling the on / off state of the switch. In this structure, each battery unit, acting as an energy storage structure, is connected to a boost DC-DC converter to form a BU. However, the shortcomings of existing technology 2 are:

[0005] To adapt to different voltage levels, existing technology 2 requires the addition of a boost circuit, which has unidirectional irreversibility.

[0006] The battery pack of the prior art has a low input voltage. To adapt to the higher output voltage, a large inductor is required. At the same time, placing too many circuits next to the battery can easily increase the possibility of battery explosion, resulting in the inability to charge the battery module.

[0007] Existing technology 2 does not consider the impracticality of using the demand of the energy storage end as a judgment condition. The battery module cannot determine the required rated voltage of the energy storage end, nor can it determine the number of battery modules needed to meet the customer's needs; there may be situations where the needs are not met.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a modular household energy storage device and an adaptive switching method for battery connection. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a modular energy storage device for residential use and an adaptive switching method for battery connection. It solves two problems: First, for vertical stacking structures, the number of battery stacking layers cannot be too high. For more than two battery cabinets, manual installation via hoisting is impossible, significantly increasing after-sales and maintenance costs. Furthermore, when laid flat, insufficient interfaces can easily occur when multiple battery cabinets are connected in series or parallel. Second, the invention enables series-parallel connection switching between two battery cabinets, and also allows for series-parallel connection switching of battery modules within the battery cabinet. It is compatible with the DC-side voltage of various control cabinets.

[0010] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0011] The first aspect of the present invention provides a modular energy storage device for residential use, comprising:

[0012] The residential energy storage unit comprises a residential energy storage unit, an expansion unit, and an automatic switching unit; the residential energy storage unit includes a battery system and a battery expansion system.

[0013] The residential energy storage unit is used to provide electrical energy to the energy storage end that needs it.

[0014] Both the battery system and the battery expansion system are connected to the expansion unit and the automatic switching unit, respectively.

[0015] The capacity expansion unit is used to switch the series-parallel connection relationship between the battery system and the battery capacity expansion system;

[0016] The automatic switching unit is used to switch the series and parallel connection relationships within the battery system and the battery expansion system.

[0017] Preferably, the battery system is the same as the battery expansion system, both including a base, a battery cabinet, and an external interface for the battery system;

[0018] The battery cabinet is mounted on the base and is connected to the automatic switching unit and the base.

[0019] Preferably, the battery cabinet includes a battery module, which is connected to the automatic switching unit.

[0020] Preferably, the automatic switching unit includes several switches and two external interfaces;

[0021] The switch is used to connect the positive and negative terminals of the battery module and the external interface;

[0022] The external interface is connected to the external interface of the battery system;

[0023] Several of the aforementioned switches are opened and closed to control the series and parallel connections between battery modules and between battery cabinets.

[0024] Preferably, the battery system includes n battery cabinets and n automatic switching units;

[0025] One external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the first battery cabinet is connected to the external interface of the battery system, and another external interface is connected to one external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the next battery cabinet, and so on, until the other external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the nth battery cabinet is connected to the base.

[0026] Preferably, the external interface includes several sub-interfaces;

[0027] The base is used to connect and activate the plurality of sub-interfaces of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the nth battery cabinet.

[0028] Preferably, each of the battery cabinets corresponds to one of the automatic switching units.

[0029] Preferably, the expansion unit includes an adaptive processing module, and a voltage acquisition module, a customer input module, a battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit module, and an output circuit module connected to the adaptive processing module;

[0030] The adaptive processing module is used to provide control signals based on the required capacity of the customer input module and the voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition module;

[0031] The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage value of household energy storage;

[0032] The customer input module is used for customers to input their required capacity value;

[0033] The parallel adjustment circuit of the battery system interface is used for switching between series and parallel connections within the battery system.

[0034] The output circuit module is used for switching between series and parallel connections between the battery system and the battery expansion system.

[0035] A second aspect of the present invention provides an adaptive switching method for battery connection mode using the above-described residential energy storage modular device, comprising:

[0036] Step 1: The expansion unit collects the required energy storage terminal voltage and obtains the required capacity. Both the battery system and the battery expansion system include several battery cabinets. Calculate the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series and the number of battery cabinets to be connected in parallel. Take the larger value between the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series and the number of battery cabinets to be connected in parallel as the final number of battery cabinets required.

[0037] Step 2: The expansion unit gives a self-test signal, connects the battery system and the battery expansion system in series, and connects the battery cabinets in series to calculate the number of battery cabinets in the battery system and the battery expansion system.

[0038] Step 3: Based on the number of battery cabinets calculated in Step 1 and Step 2, determine whether replenishment is needed. If replenishment is needed, output the replenishment quantity; otherwise, proceed to Step 4.

[0039] Step 4: Based on the supplementary results of Step 3, generate a switching scheme and issue control signals according to the switching scheme to achieve adaptive switching.

[0040] Preferably, the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series is:

[0041] x1=V c ÷λV a

[0042] Where x1 is the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series, V c To meet the voltage requirements of the energy storage terminal, V a λ represents the battery module voltage, and λ represents the number of battery modules in each battery cabinet.

[0043] Preferably, the required number of battery cabinets connected in parallel is:

[0044] x2=C2÷λC

[0045] Where x2 is the number of battery cabinets required to be connected in parallel, C2 is the required capacity input by the customer, C is the capacity of a single battery module, and λ is the number of battery modules in each battery cabinet.

[0046] A third aspect of this invention provides an integrated optical storage system.

[0047] This includes the aforementioned modular energy storage devices for residential use.

[0048] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a terminal, including a processor and a storage medium;

[0049] The storage medium is used to store instructions;

[0050] The processor is used to perform the steps of the above method according to the instructions.

[0051] The fifth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon.

[0052] When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the above method.

[0053] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with existing technologies, it allows the production of energy storage systems compatible with any battery cabinet on the market. According to the results, customers only need to purchase battery modules from the same manufacturer to expand their capacity at home, reducing customer investment costs and saving time. Simultaneously, for battery manufacturers, modular battery modules offer convenient shipping, saving customization time and reducing after-sales costs.

[0054] This invention provides more detailed voltage levels, enabling series-parallel conversion at the battery module level within the battery cabinet; it can meet the needs of more different output battery voltages.

[0055] This invention uses a modular battery cabinet solution that can be adapted to any photovoltaic-storage integrated machine on the market. Photovoltaic-storage integrated machine manufacturers do not need to customize battery module assembly to adapt to the integrated machine, as all battery modules are applicable. For customers, when using this battery cabinet to upgrade their photovoltaic-storage integrated machines on the market, they only need to replace the control cabinet above the battery module, without having to replace the battery cabinet, which greatly reduces costs.

[0056] This invention is based on the requirements of integrated photovoltaic and energy storage systems. Commercially available integrated photovoltaic and energy storage systems typically require a fixed number of rated voltage values ​​for their battery modules. Unlike DC electrical appliances, integrated photovoltaic and energy storage systems do not require a wide range of rated voltages, making this invention possible. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for an additional boost circuit for each battery module, reducing costs and safety risks. Additionally, the adaptive switching of connection methods for the battery modules allows for adaptation to a wider range of voltage levels, improving efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the automatic switching module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 A logic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, the voltage acquisition module detects the DC output voltage of the energy storage terminal and the required capacity entered by the customer input module. Through the adaptive module of the expansion unit, adaptive switching is realized within the battery module, within the battery cabinet, or even between battery systems, and the line is automatically switched to match any control cabinet.

[0063] To achieve modularity of the battery cabinet, considering the series and parallel connections between battery modules and the series and parallel connections between two battery cabinets, each modular battery cabinet has nine high-voltage interfaces on both the top and bottom, as well as low-voltage interfaces corresponding to the control signals of the switching elements within the two battery cabinets (connectors with both high-voltage and low-voltage plug-in functionality can be used for interface implementation). For cases requiring switching between three battery cabinets, more interfaces are needed. Currently, vertically stacked battery cabinets can typically only be manually stacked up to two units; for more than two cabinets, hoisting is required, which is impossible for manual installation, significantly increasing after-sales and maintenance costs. This invention only describes the case of two battery systems connected in series and parallel, where each battery system includes two battery cabinets, and each battery cabinet includes two battery modules. For the series and parallel connections of three or more battery systems, battery cabinets, and battery modules, control synchronization interfaces can be added to each module, which will not be elaborated upon. Furthermore, if only based on this invention, the insufficient interfaces for switching between two battery cabinets can be addressed by expanding the interface capacity.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figure 1-4 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a modular household energy storage device, including: a household energy storage unit, an expansion unit, and an automatic switching unit; the household energy storage unit is connected to the expansion unit and the automatic switching unit respectively; the household energy storage unit includes a battery system and a battery expansion system, and the battery system and the battery expansion system are respectively connected to the expansion unit and the automatic switching unit.

[0066] The battery system and the battery expansion system are the same, both including a base, a battery cabinet, and an external interface for the battery system;

[0067] The battery cabinet is mounted on the base and connected to both the base and the automatic switching unit; the battery cabinet includes battery modules. Each battery cabinet corresponds to one automatic switching unit.

[0068] The battery system includes n battery cabinets and n automatic switching units;

[0069] One external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the first battery cabinet is connected to the external interface of the battery system, and another external interface is connected to one external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the next battery cabinet, and so on, until the other external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the nth battery cabinet is connected to the base.

[0070] The capacity expansion unit is used to switch the series-parallel connection relationship between the battery system and the battery capacity expansion system; the automatic switching unit is used to switch the series-parallel connection relationship within the battery system and within the battery capacity expansion system. The capacity expansion unit is applicable at the battery system level; the automatic switching unit is applicable at the battery module level and the battery cabinet level.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the automatic switching unit includes several switches and two external interfaces. The switches are used to connect the positive and negative terminals of the battery module and the external interfaces. The external interfaces are connected to the external interfaces of the battery system. The switches open and close to control the series and parallel connection relationships between battery modules and between battery cabinets.

[0072] The external interface includes several sub-interfaces. The base is used to connect and conduct electricity to the sub-interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the nth battery cabinet, and acts as a wire.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, the expansion unit is connected to the external interface of the battery system, including an adaptive processing module, as well as a voltage acquisition module, a customer input module, a battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit module, and an output circuit module connected to the adaptive processing module;

[0074] The voltage acquisition module is a multiplexed module, used both to acquire the DC voltage output from the energy storage terminal and to self-check the number of battery cabinets.

[0075] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the residential energy storage unit is used to provide electrical energy to the energy storage demand end, which is a photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit, and the DC voltage output by the photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit is the voltage of the energy storage demand end.

[0076] The adaptive processing module is used to provide control signals based on the customer input module's required capacity and the voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition module, thereby controlling the switching of series and parallel connection modes of battery modules, battery cabinets, and battery systems.

[0077] The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage value of residential energy storage.

[0078] The customer input module is connected to the adaptive processing module and is used for customers to input their required capacity values.

[0079] The battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit is connected to the adaptive processing module for switching between parallel connection of battery cabinets or parallel connection of battery modules.

[0080] In order to achieve modularity, when parallel connection is required, the main parallel terminals of the battery cabinet cannot be directly treated with common voltage. Instead, the connection of the two interfaces is achieved by connecting the parallel adjustment circuit through the battery system interface.

[0081] The output circuit module is connected in parallel with the adaptive processing module and the battery system interface adjustment circuit to realize the series and parallel connection between the battery systems.

[0082] The automatic switching unit is connected to the battery module and includes a hardware switching circuit and a battery balancing circuit.

[0083] The hardware switching circuit is used to change the series-parallel switching between battery modules and battery cabinets.

[0084] The battery balancing circuit is not shown in the accompanying drawings of this invention embodiment, but it is an essential circuit for every battery cabinet.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] Embodiment 2 of the present invention takes two battery systems as an example. The case of n battery systems is an extension of the two battery systems, and will not be described again in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a modular energy storage device for residential use, comprising: a first battery system, a second battery system, an expansion unit, and an automatic switching unit; the first battery system and the second battery system are respectively connected to the expansion unit and the automatic switching unit.

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, the first battery system is battery system 1, and the second battery system is battery system 2. In embodiment 2 of the present invention, the second battery system is a battery capacity expansion system.

[0089] The first battery system and the second battery system are the same, both including a base, a first battery cabinet, a second battery cabinet, and an external interface for the battery system; each battery cabinet corresponds to an automatic switching unit;

[0090] The first and second battery cabinets are stacked vertically on the base and connected to the automatic switching unit.

[0091] The first battery cabinet is battery cabinet 1, and the second battery cabinet is battery cabinet 2. The first battery cabinet and the second battery cabinet include a first battery module and a second battery module. The first battery module is battery module 1, and the second battery module is second battery module 2.

[0092] The capacity expansion unit is used to switch the series-parallel connection between the battery system and the battery capacity expansion system; the automatic switching unit is used to switch the series-parallel connection between battery cabinets and between battery modules. The capacity expansion unit is applicable at the battery system level; the automatic switching unit is applicable at the battery module level and the battery cabinet level.

[0093] like Figure 2As shown, each battery cabinet automatic switching unit is connected to the battery module and external interface of the corresponding battery system in the battery cabinet. It includes 8 switches and 2 external interfaces. The 8 switches are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the first battery module and the second battery module, as well as the 2 external interfaces. The 8 switches open and close to control the series and parallel connection relationship between the battery modules and between the battery cabinets.

[0094] Specifically, the eight switches include a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, a sixth switch S6, a seventh switch S7, and an eighth switch S8. Each automatic switching unit's external interface includes a first external interface and a second external interface. Both the first and second external interfaces each include nine sub-interfaces: a first sub-interface, a second sub-interface, a third sub-interface, a fourth sub-interface, a fifth sub-interface, a sixth sub-interface, a seventh sub-interface, an eighth sub-interface, and a ninth sub-interface. The first external interface is designated as external interface 1, the second external interface as external interface 2, and the first sub-interface as sub-interface 1. Similarly, the second sub-interface of the first external interface connects to the second external interface, the sixth sub-interface of the first external interface connects to the second external interface, the eighth sub-interface of the first external interface connects to the second external interface, and the ninth sub-interface of the first external interface connects to the second external interface.

[0095] In the first battery system, the first external interface of the first battery cabinet automatic switching unit is connected to the external interface of the first battery system, the second external interface of the first battery cabinet automatic switching unit is connected to the first external interface of the second battery cabinet automatic switching unit, and the second external interface of the second battery cabinet automatic switching unit is connected to the base, wherein the base is used to connect the nine sub-interfaces.

[0096] The connection method in the battery expansion system and the second battery system is the same as that in the first battery system.

[0097] Among them, one end of the first switch S1 is connected to the third sub-interface of the first external interface, and the other end is connected to the second switch S2 and the third switch S3;

[0098] One end of the second switch S2 is connected to three selectable positions, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal of the first battery module. The three selectable positions include the first position of the second switch, the second position of the second switch, and the third position of the second switch. The first position of the second switch is connected to the first switch S1 and the third switch S3. The second position of the second switch is connected to the anode of the second battery module. The third position of the second switch is the off position.

[0099] One end of the third switch S3 is connected to the first point of the second switch, and the other end is connected between the fourth sub-interface of the second external interface and the eighth switch S8.

[0100] One end of the fourth switch S4 is connected to the anode of the second battery module, and the other end is connected to three selectable points, namely the first point of the fourth switch, the second point of the fourth switch, and the third point of the fourth switch. The first point of the fourth switch is the off position, the second point of the fourth switch is connected to the fifth sub-interface of the first external interface, and the third point of the fourth switch is connected to the sixth sub-interface of the first external interface and the sixth sub-interface of the second external interface.

[0101] One end of the fifth switch S5 is connected to the cathode of the second battery module, and the other end is connected to three selectable positions, namely the first position of the fifth switch, the second position of the fifth switch, and the third position of the fifth switch. The first position of the fifth switch is connected to one end of the seventh switch S7, the second position of the fifth switch is connected to the first sub-interface of the second external interface, and the third position of the fifth switch is the off position.

[0102] One end of the sixth switch S6 is connected to the anode of the first battery module, and the other end is connected to three selectable positions, namely the first position of the sixth switch, the second position of the sixth switch, and the third position of the sixth switch. The first position of the sixth switch is connected to the first sub-interface of the first external interface, the second position of the sixth switch is connected to the second sub-interface of the first external interface and the second sub-interface of the second external interface, and the third position of the sixth switch is the off position.

[0103] One end of the seventh switch S7 is connected to the first position of the fifth switch, and the other end is connected to three selectable positions, namely the first position of the seventh switch, the second position of the seventh switch, and the third position of the seventh switch. The first position of the seventh switch is connected to the seventh sub-interface of the first external interface, the second position of the seventh switch is connected to the eighth sub-interface of the first external interface and the eighth sub-interface of the second external interface, and the third position of the seventh switch is the disconnected position.

[0104] The eighth switch S8 is connected to the fourth sub-interface of the first external interface and the fourth sub-interface of the second external interface.

[0105] like Figure 3 As shown, the expansion unit is connected to the external interface of the battery system and includes a voltage acquisition module, an adaptive processing module, a customer input module, a battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit module, and an output circuit module.

[0106] The voltage acquisition module is a multiplexed module, used both to acquire the DC voltage output from the energy storage terminal and to self-check the number of battery cabinets.

[0107] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the present invention, the residential energy storage unit is used to provide electrical energy to the energy storage demand end, which is a photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit, and the DC voltage output by the photovoltaic-energy storage integrated unit is the energy storage demand port voltage.

[0108] The adaptive processing module is used to provide control signals based on the power input from the customer input module and the voltage collected by the voltage acquisition module, thereby controlling the switching of the series and parallel connection modes of the battery module, battery cabinet and battery system.

[0109] The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage value of residential energy storage.

[0110] The customer input module is connected to the adaptive processing module and is used for customers to input their required capacity values.

[0111] The battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit is connected to the adaptive processing module for switching between parallel connection of battery cabinets or series-parallel connection of battery modules and battery systems.

[0112] The battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit module includes a first battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit and a second battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit. The first battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit is... Figure 3 The parallel adjustment circuit for the first battery system interface is as follows: Figure 3 The battery system 2 interface parallel adjustment circuit.

[0113] The first battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit is connected to the first battery system external interface, and the second battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit is connected to the second battery system external interface.

[0114] The first battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit includes a first adjustment switch K1 and a second adjustment switch K2; the output circuit module includes a third adjustment switch K3, a fourth adjustment switch K4, a fifth adjustment switch K5, a first output interface, and a second output interface (not shown in the figure); the second battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit includes a sixth adjustment switch K6 and a seventh adjustment switch K7;

[0115] Among them, one end of the first adjustment switch K1 is connected to the first sub-interface and the second output interface of the external interface of the first battery system, and the other end is connected to the second sub-interface, the fifth sub-interface and the sixth sub-interface of the external interface of the first battery system.

[0116] One end of the second adjustment switch K2 is connected to the third sub-interface of the external interface of the first battery system, and the other end is connected to the fourth sub-interface, the seventh sub-interface, the eighth sub-interface, the ninth sub-interface and the first output interface of the external interface of the first battery system.

[0117] One end of the third adjusting switch K3 is connected to the first adjusting switch K1, and the other end is connected to the sixth adjusting switch K6.

[0118] One end of the fourth adjustment switch K4 is connected to the seventh adjustment switch K7, and the other end is connected to the first output interface;

[0119] The fifth adjustment switch K5 is connected at one end to the first output interface and at the other end to the sixth adjustment switch K6;

[0120] One end of the sixth adjustment switch K6 is connected to the fifth adjustment switch K5 and the first sub-interface of the second battery system external interface, and the other end is connected to the second sub-interface of the second battery system external interface, the fifth sub-interface of the second battery system external interface, and the sixth sub-interface of the second battery system external interface.

[0121] One end of the seventh adjustment switch K7 is connected to the third sub-interface of the external interface of the second battery system, and the other end is connected to the fourth sub-interface, the seventh sub-interface, the eighth sub-interface, the ninth sub-interface of the external interface of the second battery system, and the fourth adjustment switch K4.

[0122] In order to achieve modularity, when parallel connection is required, the main parallel terminals of the battery cabinet cannot be directly subjected to common voltage. Instead, an automatic switching unit is needed to connect the two interfaces.

[0123] The output circuit module is connected in parallel with the adaptive processing module and the battery system interface adjustment circuit to realize the series-parallel connection of the battery system.

[0124] The automatic switching unit connects to the external interface of the battery system and the battery module, including hardware switching circuits and battery balancing circuits.

[0125] The hardware switching circuit is used to change the series-parallel switching between battery modules and battery cabinets.

[0126] The battery balancing circuit is not shown in the accompanying drawings of this invention embodiment, but it is an essential circuit for every battery cabinet.

[0127] Example 3

[0128] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a battery connection mode adaptive switching method, employing the residential energy storage modular device of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, comprising:

[0129] Step 1: The expansion unit collects the required energy storage terminal voltage and obtains the required capacity. It calculates the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series and the number of battery cabinets to be connected in parallel. The larger value between the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series and the number of battery cabinets to be connected in parallel is taken as the final number of battery cabinets required, denoted as X.

[0130] Since the number of battery modules in each battery cabinet is the same, the number of battery modules required here can be converted into the number of battery cabinets. The following is the calculation process for the number of battery modules.

[0131] Step 1.1, calculate the capacity of a single battery module. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0132] C = V a ×C1

[0133] Where C is the capacity of a single battery module, and V a C1 is the battery module voltage, and C2 is the nominal cell capacity.

[0134] The unit of battery module capacity is "Wh", which is an abbreviation for watt-hour, a unit of energy commonly used to express the amount of electrical energy consumed or stored. 1 watt-hour (Wh) = the energy consumed or generated by 1 watt (W) of power operating continuously for 1 hour.

[0135] The formula for calculating the battery module voltage is:

[0136] V a =V b ×a

[0137] Among them, V b denoted as the nominal cell voltage, and 'a' as a constant.

[0138] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the nominal value is V. b The battery module uses 1 PCS of cells with a voltage of V and C1Ah. The battery module voltage is 1. The battery module is currently assembled in the market in the form of 1 parallel and 8 series (1P8S) or 1 parallel and 15 series (1P15S). This invention does not involve the series and parallel switching inside the battery module, so a is taken as 8 or 15.

[0139] Step 1.2: Based on the required energy storage terminal voltage, calculate the number of battery modules and battery cabinets that need to be connected in series.

[0140] The formula for calculating the number of battery modules that need to be connected in series is:

[0141] m = V c ÷V a

[0142] Where m is the number of battery modules that need to be connected in series for voltage adaptation, V c This is to meet the voltage requirements of the energy storage terminal.

[0143] The formula for calculating the number of battery cabinets that need to be connected in series is:

[0144] x1=m / λ=V c ÷λV a

[0145] Where λ is the number of battery modules in each battery cabinet, and in the calculation result, if m is a decimal, it is rounded up.

[0146] Step 1.3: Based on the required capacity, calculate the number of battery modules and battery cabinets that need to be connected in parallel;

[0147] The formula for calculating the number of battery modules that need to be connected in parallel is:

[0148] n=C2÷C

[0149] Where n is the number of battery modules that need to be connected in parallel for the required capacity, and C2 is the required capacity input by the customer. The formula for calculating the number of battery cabinets that need to be connected in parallel is:

[0150] x² = n / λ = C² ÷ λC

[0151] If the calculation result has a decimal, round it up to the nearest integer.

[0152] Step 2: The expansion unit gives a self-test signal, connects the battery system and the battery expansion system in series, and connects the battery cabinets in series, and calculates the number Y of battery cabinets in the battery system and the battery expansion system.

[0153] Specifically, the adaptive module self-test: The adaptive module gives a self-test signal, connects all battery modules in the battery cabinet in series, connects the battery cabinet in series, and connects the battery system and the battery expansion system in series. The voltage acquisition module sequentially acquires the external interface voltage of the battery system of each battery system and the battery expansion system to determine the number of battery cabinets in each battery system and the battery expansion system.

[0154] Specifically, the self-testing steps of the adaptive module are as follows:

[0155] Step 2.1: When the energy storage demand is connected, the voltage acquisition module acquires the DC disconnect voltage of the energy storage demand. After the customer input module provides the required capacity, the adaptive processing module provides a self-test signal to detect the number of existing battery cabinets in the current battery system and battery expansion system (in this invention, the battery cabinet is a generalized module; supplementing the number of battery cabinets and battery systems is essentially supplementing the number of battery cabinets. At the same time, the battery modules inside the battery cabinets are assembled in the same way when they leave the factory, that is, the battery cabinet voltage is a fixed value).

[0156] The specific operating procedure for testing the battery cabinets is as follows: Switch all battery modules in the battery cabinets to a series configuration, connect the battery cabinets, battery system, and battery expansion system in series, and test the voltage at the external interfaces of the battery system and battery expansion system respectively. Since the battery cabinet voltage is constant, the number of battery cabinets can be determined. The number of existing battery cabinets of the customer is denoted as y.

[0157] Step 2.2: After the self-test is completed, switch the closed switch from the previous step to the open position. Then, based on the required energy storage terminal voltage and required capacity obtained in Step 2.1, the adaptive module calculates the required number of battery cabinets x.

[0158] Step 3: Based on the number of battery cabinets calculated in Step 1 and Step 2, determine whether replenishment is needed. If replenishment is needed, output the replenishment quantity; otherwise, proceed to Step 4.

[0159] Based on the required number of battery cabinets calculated in step 1, if the calculated number X < Y, the customer will be prompted to add YX battery cabinets; otherwise, no prompt will be given, and the process will proceed to step 4 to complete the switchover smoothly.

[0160] Step 4: Based on the supplementary results of Step 3, prompt the customer to connect the expansion unit to the demand energy storage end, generate a switching plan, and issue control signals according to the switching plan to achieve adaptive switching.

[0161] Based on the supplementary results from step 3, as well as the required energy storage terminal output voltage collected by the voltage acquisition module, the capacity input by the customer, and the number of battery cabinets in the self-tested battery system and battery expansion system, a switching scheme is generated, and a control signal is output to realize the switching.

[0162] When the number of battery cabinets in a battery system meets the requirements, it is preferable to select battery cabinets from the same battery system for series-parallel switching; similarly, if the number of battery modules in a battery cabinet meets the requirements, it is preferable to select battery modules from the same battery cabinet for series-parallel switching. However, other switching methods are also within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0163] In a preferred but non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the switching scheme is shown in Tables 1 and 2 below: Note that the DC output voltage and cell values ​​for the residential energy storage modular system are the most common and widely available values. Unless otherwise stated, all switches / relays are in the off state.

[0164] This embodiment of the invention uses two battery systems as an example. The connection of four battery modules is achieved through an expansion system, as the expansion method remains the same. For the vertical stack version, when the number of battery cabinets exceeds two, the cabinet height becomes too high, posing a potential hazard. Therefore, this embodiment of the invention describes each battery system as including two battery cabinets.

[0165] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The switches S1-S6 are not limited to switches; devices that can achieve controllable switching are also included within the scope of protection of this invention, such as transistors, MOSFETs, and relays.

[0166] As shown in Tables 1 and 2 below, the voltage acquisition module detects the DC output voltage of the residential energy storage modular system as V. c First, V c With V aMake a judgment and determine when V a =V c When battery modules need to be connected in parallel, S2 needs to be switched to position 1 (S2 controls the series and parallel connection of battery modules; switching S6 to position 1 for battery module 1 is fixed). Otherwise, battery modules need to be connected in series. Whether to connect excess battery modules depends on the capacity adapted by the control cabinet program. For V... a <V c At this time, the battery modules need to be connected in series, and the required number of battery modules is m. When m∈{2, 3, 4}, the series and parallel connection between battery modules can be achieved through control signal 1. For details, please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 The above process is to meet the voltage requirements.

[0167] In the following four scenarios, the required capacity C2 is input from the customer input module to determine the number of battery modules n that need to be connected in parallel. For detailed instructions, please see [link to instructions]. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 For the case where m=1 and n=4, all eight external interfaces of battery cabinet 1 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) need to be used. For the case where m=1 and n=3, all six external interfaces of battery cabinet 1 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7) need to be used. For the case where m=1 and n=2, all four external interfaces of battery cabinet 1 (1, 3, 5, 7) need to be used to achieve parallel operation. For n=2 and m=2, external interfaces of battery cabinet 1 (1, 7, 2, 8) are used. For n=4, external interfaces of battery cabinet 1 (1, 9) need to be used. For the case where m=3 and n≠1, there are two assembly methods. Figure 4 This is just one method. For cases requiring battery system 2 to be connected, the expansion module switch S needs to be closed to achieve series connection, and vice versa for parallel connection. The required number of battery cabinets will also be displayed. This process is to match capacity requirements.

[0168] Table 1: Switch Switching Comparison Table for All Battery Modules Connected in Parallel (Switching elements in states not mentioned are disconnected).

[0169]

[0170]

[0171]

[0172]

[0173] Table 2: Switch Switching Comparison Table for Battery Modules Connected in Series (Unmentioned states are all disconnected)

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] This embodiment of the invention does not limit the table data to a maximum of m=4 and n=4. It can be expanded according to the rules where possible. When n=5, K5 needs to be closed in the output circuit module. Therefore, the main function of K5 is to realize the series connection of the two battery systems when m is greater than 5. K3 and K4, K6 and K7, and even K1 and K2 mainly realize the multiplexing of the battery cabinet ports. When m=2, S2 in all battery cabinets is switched to 2 and S5 is switched to 1. When m=3, S6 in all battery cabinets is switched to 1. When m=4, S5 in all battery cabinets is switched to 2 and S6 is switched to 1.

[0177] The limiting values ​​(%) and conditions set in this invention are merely examples, and the scope of protection applies not only to the situations described above, but to all similar situations.

[0178] This invention assumes that the customer's requirement is two battery systems and four battery cabinets, and that the self-test result is that the number of battery cabinets matches exactly. Other requirements can be extended based on this.

[0179] Example 4

[0180] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a photovoltaic-storage integrated unit, including the residential energy storage modular device in Embodiment 1 or 2.

[0181] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0182] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0183] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0184] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0185] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular household energy storage device, characterized in that, include: The residential energy storage unit comprises a residential energy storage unit, an expansion unit, and an automatic switching unit; the residential energy storage unit includes a battery system and a battery expansion system. The residential energy storage unit is used to provide electrical energy to the energy storage end that needs it. Both the battery system and the battery expansion system are connected to the expansion unit and the automatic switching unit, respectively. The capacity expansion unit is used to switch the series-parallel connection relationship between the battery system and the battery capacity expansion system; The automatic switching unit is used to switch the series and parallel connection relationships within the battery system and the battery expansion system.

2. The residential energy storage modular device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery system is the same as the battery expansion system, both including a base, a battery cabinet, and an external interface for the battery system; The battery cabinet is mounted on the base and is connected to the automatic switching unit and the base.

3. The residential energy storage modular device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery cabinet includes battery modules, which are connected to the automatic switching unit.

4. The residential energy storage modular device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic switching unit includes several switches and two external interfaces; The switch is used to connect the positive and negative terminals of the battery module and the external interface; The external interface is connected to the external interface of the battery system; Several of the aforementioned switches are opened and closed to control the series and parallel connections between battery modules and between battery cabinets.

5. The residential energy storage modular device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery system includes n battery cabinets, and the automatic switching unit comprises n units; One external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the first battery cabinet is connected to the external interface of the battery system, and another external interface is connected to one external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the next battery cabinet, and so on, until the other external interface of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the nth battery cabinet is connected to the base.

6. The residential energy storage modular device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The external interface includes several sub-interfaces; The base is used to connect and activate the plurality of sub-interfaces of the automatic switching unit corresponding to the nth battery cabinet.

7. The residential energy storage modular device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the battery cabinets corresponds to one of the automatic switching units.

8. The residential energy storage modular device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion unit includes an adaptive processing module, as well as a voltage acquisition module, a customer input module, a battery system interface parallel adjustment circuit module, and an output circuit module connected to the adaptive processing module. The adaptive processing module is used to provide control signals based on the required capacity of the customer input module and the voltage acquired by the voltage acquisition module; The voltage acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage value of household energy storage; The customer input module is used for customers to input their required capacity value; The parallel adjustment circuit of the battery system interface is used for switching between series and parallel connections within the battery system. The output circuit module is used for switching between series and parallel connections between the battery system and the battery expansion system.

9. An adaptive switching method for battery connection mode of a residential energy storage modular device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: Step 1: The expansion unit collects the required energy storage terminal voltage and obtains the required capacity. Both the battery system and the battery expansion system include several battery cabinets. Calculate the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series and the number of battery cabinets to be connected in parallel. Take the larger value between the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series and the number of battery cabinets to be connected in parallel as the final number of battery cabinets required. Step 2: The expansion unit gives a self-test signal, connects the battery system and the battery expansion system in series, and connects the battery cabinets in series to calculate the number of battery cabinets in the battery system and the battery expansion system. Step 3: Based on the number of battery cabinets calculated in Step 1 and Step 2, determine whether replenishment is needed. If replenishment is needed, output the replenishment quantity; otherwise, proceed to Step 4. Step 4: Based on the supplementary results of Step 3, generate a switching scheme and issue control signals according to the switching scheme to achieve adaptive switching.

10. The adaptive switching method for battery connection mode according to claim 9, characterized in that: The required number of battery cabinets to be connected in series is: x1=V c ÷λV a Where x1 is the number of battery cabinets to be connected in series, V c To meet the voltage requirements of the energy storage terminal, V a λ represents the battery module voltage, and λ represents the number of battery modules in each battery cabinet.

11. The adaptive switching method for battery connection mode according to claim 9, characterized in that: The required number of battery cabinets to be connected in parallel is: x2=C2÷λC Where x2 is the number of battery cabinets required to be connected in parallel, C2 is the required capacity input by the customer, C is the capacity of a single battery module, and λ is the number of battery modules in each battery cabinet.

12. A photovoltaic-storage integrated machine, characterized in that: Includes the residential energy storage modular device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

13. A terminal, comprising a processor and a storage medium; characterized in that: The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 9-11.

14. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When executed by a processor, the program implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 9-11.

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