Multi-master multi-slave battery system

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-master multi-slave battery system which comprises a plurality of battery module units, and the adjacent battery module units are connected through wake-up switches. Each battery module unit is provided with an independent starting switch; each battery module unit comprises a master control module and a slave control module which are connected with each other, and the master control module is respectively connected with the matched starting switch and the matched awakening switch; the wake-up switch is connected with the matched starting switch; and the plurality of battery module units are arranged in parallel. The master control module and the slave control module are arranged in the single battery module unit to form the independent system, the BMS unit in each independent system has all independent control permissions, the risk of overall failure after failure of the single system is avoided, the BMS of the master battery module unit can remove the failed single module, and the overall failure risk is reduced. Therefore, the modularization of the battery structure is realized, and the authentication cost is effectively reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery, in particular to a multi-master multi-slave battery system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of the new energy industry, forklift lithium batteries gradually go to the overseas market, and the high-speed growth of battery exports makes countries and regions continuously improve their certification requirements and access thresholds. The high certification cost increases the intangible burden of enterprises. Due to the large number of types and numbers of forklift battery products, it is impossible to take all products for certification, which makes it difficult for enterprises to concentrate on batch and large-scale production, and the cost of research and development and process management is high, which hinders the rapid promotion of lithium batteries to some extent.

[0003] The existing forklift lithium battery mainly adopts a master-slave scheme, and a single BCU master module collects and judges the data of multiple sub-modules to complete the protection requirements of the battery system. The above scheme highly depends on the stability of the master module, and when the master control system unit fails, the overall system enters a failure state. Moreover, when a single sub-module is abnormal, it will also cause the failure of the entire system. The BMS control unit, as a functional module for safe operation of the battery system, has become the main source of its failure, and the abnormal quality of the BMS is one of the main reasons for the abnormality of the battery system. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a multi-master multi-slave battery system, which aims to solve the problems of the existing one-master multi-slave battery system, such as high dependence on the stability of the master module, easy to cause the failure of the BMS unit and reduce the use quality of the battery system.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application provides the following technical scheme: a multi-master multi-slave battery system, comprising a plurality of battery module units, adjacent battery module units are connected through a wake-up switch; each battery module unit is provided with an independent start switch; each battery module unit comprises a master module and a slave module connected thereto, the master module is connected with the start switch and the wake-up switch matched therefor; the wake-up switch is connected with the start switch matched therefor.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the slave module comprises a battery module and a display lamp, and the battery module and the display lamp are connected with the master module respectively.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the battery module comprises a plurality of series-connected battery units; the battery unit is a cylindrical battery unit.

[0008] As a preferred implementation, the cylindrical battery cell is a lithium battery cell or a sodium battery cell.

[0009] As a preferred implementation, the main control module is provided with a BMS unit, which is connected with the starting switch, the wake-up switch, the battery module and the display lamp respectively.

[0010] As a preferred implementation, the main control module comprises a first fuse, a shunt, a DC / DC conversion unit, a heating film, a heating relay and a heating control unit; the first fuse is connected with the battery module (positive electrode), the BMS unit, the DC / DC conversion unit and the heating relay respectively; the shunt is connected with the battery module (negative electrode), the BMS unit and the DC / DC conversion unit respectively; the DC / DC conversion unit is connected with the BMS unit and the heating film respectively; and the heating relay is connected with the heating control unit and the heating film respectively.

[0011] As a preferred implementation, the main control module further comprises a total positive control unit and a discharge relay, the discharge relay is connected with the total positive control unit, the first fuse and the heating relay respectively. The discharge relay is connected with the total positive adhesion detection port ST2-1 (HV2+) of the BMS unit to realize total positive adhesion detection, the discharge relay is connected with a charge-discharge positive electrode interface, and the discharge relay is arranged between the first fuse FU1 and the heating relay.

[0012] As a preferred implementation, the main control module further comprises a pre-charge control unit and a pre-charge relay, the pre-charge relay is connected with the pre-charge control unit, the first fuse and the heating relay respectively. In this application, the pre-charge relay and the discharge relay are arranged in parallel.

[0013] As a preferred implementation, a resistor is arranged between the pre-charge relay and the heating relay, and the resistor is connected with the pre-charge relay and the heating relay respectively. The heating relay is connected with the heating adhesion detection port ST2-2 (HV4+) of the BMS unit to realize heating adhesion detection.

[0014] As a preferred implementation, the main control module further comprises a power supply control unit and a power supply relay, the power supply relay is connected with the power supply control unit, the first fuse and the DC / DC conversion unit respectively. The power supply relay is arranged between the first fuse and the DC / DC conversion unit.

[0015] As a preferred implementation, the master control module further comprises an external power supply control unit and an external power supply relay, and the external power supply relay is connected with the external power supply control unit.

[0016] As a preferred implementation, the master control module further comprises a second fuse, one end of which is connected with the DC / DC conversion unit, and the other end is connected between the shunt and the charge-discharge negative electrode interface; and the shunt is connected with the charge-discharge negative electrode interface.

[0017] As a preferred implementation, a first diode is arranged between the BMS unit and the DC / DC conversion unit, and the first diode is connected with the BMS unit and the DC / DC conversion unit respectively.

[0018] As a preferred implementation, the master control module further comprises a second diode, and the second diode is connected with the BMS unit.

[0019] As a preferred implementation, a matching resistor is arranged on the BMS unit, and the matching resistor is connected with the BMS unit. Through the matching resistor, a display screen or a charger and the like can be connected.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The master control module and the slave control module are arranged in a single battery module unit to form an independent system, and the BMS unit in each independent system has complete independent control authority. By starting in sequence, the software automatically forms the master module authority to control the battery module units started later, so that the use requirements of the original application background can be met.

[0022] (2) The application can avoid the risk of overall failure after a single system fails. After a single system fails, the BMS of the main battery module unit (i.e. the battery module unit with the master module authority) can remove the failed module and continue to complete the power supply output function.

[0023] (3) On the basis of the same manufacturing capacity, the application reduces the overall system failure risk from the design level. After a single battery module unit (i.e. a subsystem) fails, the power supply function can still be restored, and the risk of overall failure caused by a single module failure is avoided.

[0024] (4) The application adopts a multi-master multi-slave structure, can realize the modularization of the battery structure, can effectively reduce the development task and the authentication cost, has very positive significance for the control and management of product model diversification and the authentication difficulty of market promotion. At the same time, the service threshold can be greatly reduced, only the fault module needs to be replaced, without disassembling the box to finely replace and maintain the electrical components; the spare parts are also single and standardized, which is convenient for rolling sales of spare parts, is more conducive to promoting to global channel merchants, and can also cope with the changing and complex use environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from the structures shown in the drawings without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 The system outline diagram of the multi-master multi-slave battery system of an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 The electrical principle diagram of a battery module unit of the present application; Figure 1

[0028] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0030] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, …), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), if the specific posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0031] ​In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] It should be noted that when a component is described as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is described as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component.

[0033] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this invention proposes the following technical solution: a multi-master, multi-slave battery system, comprising several battery module units 10, adjacent battery module units 10 being connected via wake-up switches 20; each battery module unit 10 is provided with an independent start switch 30; each battery module unit 10 includes a connected master control module 11 and a slave control module 12, the master control module 11 being connected to the corresponding start switch 30 and the corresponding wake-up switch 20 respectively; the wake-up switch 20 being connected to the corresponding start switch 30. In this application, in adjacent battery modules, the wake-up switch of the previous battery module unit is connected to the start switch of the next battery module unit; several battery module units are arranged in parallel.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the slave control module 12 includes a battery module 121 and an indicator light 122, and the battery module 121 and the indicator light 122 are respectively connected to the master control module 11.

[0036] As a preferred implementation, the battery module 121 comprises a plurality of battery cells 1211 connected in series; the battery cells 1211 are cylindrical battery cells.

[0037] As a preferred implementation, the cylindrical battery cells are lithium battery cells or sodium battery cells.

[0038] As a preferred implementation, the main control module 11 is provided with a BMS unit 111, which is connected with the starting switch 30, the wake-up switch 20, the battery module 121, and the display lamp 122 respectively.

[0039] As a preferred implementation, the main control module 11 comprises a first fuse FU1, a shunt 112, a DC / DC conversion unit 113, a heating film 114, a heating relay K1, and a heating control unit 115; the first fuse FU1 is connected with the battery module 121 (positive electrode), the BMS unit 111, the DC / DC conversion unit 113, and the heating relay K1 respectively; the shunt 112 is connected with the battery module 121 (negative electrode), the BMS unit 111, and the DC / DC conversion unit 113 respectively; the DC / DC conversion unit 113 is connected with the BMS unit 111 and the heating film 114 respectively; the heating relay K1 is connected with the heating control unit 115 and the heating film 114 respectively.

[0040] In the present application, the shunt is connected with the negative electrode of the battery module, and the first fuse is connected with the positive electrode of the battery module. In the embodiment of the present application, the IN+ interface of the DC / DC conversion unit is connected with the starting switch (i.e. the self-resetting button SB1) and the power supply relay respectively; the IN- interface of the DC / DC conversion unit is connected with the heating film and the second fuse.

[0041] As a preferred implementation, the main control module 11 further comprises a total positive control unit 116 and a discharge relay K2, which is connected with the total positive control unit 116, the first fuse FU1, and the heating relay K1 respectively. The discharge relay is connected with the total positive adhesion detection port ST2-1 (HV2+) of the BMS unit to realize total positive adhesion detection, and is provided between the first fuse FU1 and the heating relay.

[0042] As a preferred implementation, the main control module 11 further comprises a pre-charge control unit 117 and a pre-charge relay K3, which is connected with the pre-charge control unit 117, the first fuse FU1, and the heating relay K1 respectively. In the present application, the pre-charge relay is provided in parallel with the discharge relay.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, a resistor R1 is arranged between the pre-charge relay K3 and the heating relay K1, and the resistor R1 is connected with the pre-charge relay K3 and the heating relay K1 respectively. The heating relay is connected with the heating adhesion detection port ST2-2 (HV4+) of the BMS unit to realize heating adhesion detection.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the master control module 11 further comprises a power supply control unit 118 and a power supply relay K4, and the power supply relay K4 is connected with the power supply control unit 118, the first fuse FU1 and the DC / DC conversion unit 113 respectively. The power supply relay is arranged between the first fuse and the DC / DC conversion unit.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the master control module 11 further comprises an external power supply control unit 119 and an external power supply relay K5, and the external power supply relay K5 is connected with the external power supply control unit 119. The external power supply relay is provided with an external power supply interface.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the master control module 11 further comprises a second fuse FU2, one end of the second fuse FU2 is connected with the DC / DC conversion unit 113, and the other end is connected between the shunt 112 and the charge-discharge negative electrode interface (charge-discharge-). The shunt 112 is connected with the charge-discharge negative electrode interface (charge-discharge-).

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, a first diode VD1 is arranged between the BMS unit 111 and the DC / DC conversion unit 113, and the first diode VD1 is connected with the BMS unit 111 and the DC / DC conversion unit 113 respectively.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the master control module further comprises a second diode VD2, and the second diode VD2 is connected with the BMS unit 111.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, a matching resistor R11 is arranged on the BMS unit 111, and the matching resistor R11 is connected with the BMS unit 111. Through the matching resistor, a display screen or a charger and the like can be connected.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the ON interface of the BMS unit is connected with the first diode, and one end of the normal fire positive electrode interface (normal fire+) of the BMS unit is connected between the ON interface and the first diode. The normal fire negative electrode interface of the BMS unit is connected with the DC / DC conversion unit and the display lamp respectively.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, the BMS unit is provided with interfaces matched with the above-mentioned relays, including total positive control+, total positive control-, pre-charge control+, pre-charge control-, LED control+, LED control-, power supply control+, power supply control-, heating control+, heating control- and the like. The BMS unit is provided with a CC2 (ST1-37) button, and long pressing for 3s turns off the power and hibernates. The BMS unit is integrated with a GPRS module. The battery module is connected with the ST1, ST2 and ST3 ports of the BMS unit through 16S voltage / 4NTC temperature sampling signal lines.

[0052] The flow control when using the system of the present application is as follows:

[0053] 1. The electrical connection to the load output is realized by connecting the positive and negative connection ends of the system through a line.

[0054] 2. The establishment of the main control module without discrimination (arbitrary module) is realized through the independent start switch on the battery module unit.

[0055] 3. The first started battery module unit controls the start of the next battery module unit through the wake-up switch (wake-up signal), and the process is extended to the last battery module unit in the form of beating a drum and passing the flower;

[0056] 4. BMS wake-up mode:

[0057] 1) Wake-up by starting switch (self-resetting switch): press the starting switch, the power supply relay is short-circuited, the DC / DC conversion unit works to output 12V+ to the BMS unit and wakes up the BMS unit.

[0058] 2) After the BMS unit is woken up and the addressing is successful, the external power supply relay is attracted by default to supply power to the next battery module unit.

[0059] 5. Host determination: 1) After the BMS unit is woken up, the CC2 signal level is detected to be pulled down to determine that the current battery module unit is in the host mode.

[0060] 6. Host mode:

[0061] 1) Once the BMS unit determines to enter the host mode, it will always remain until the power is turned off and hibernated, and the process will not exit the host mode if the determination source is lost.

[0062] 2) If more than one host is determined in the multi-pack connected system, a multi-host fault is reported, and the high voltage is turned off.

[0063] 3) The host is a virtual host, which has the functions of a host and a No. 1 slave, and when receiving a No. 1 slave query instruction, it must report data information according to the No. 1 slave

[0064] 7. Master-slave coding:

[0065] 1) BMS unit as host, also as No. 1 slave (BCU);

[0066] 2) Close the external power supply relay of BCU to supply power to No. 2 battery module unit (slave), and send No. 2 slave addressing message at the same time;

[0067] 3) If no reply message from No. 2 slave is received, send No. 2 slave addressing message for 3 times;

[0068] 4) If no reply message from No. 2 slave is received for 4 times, set the number of slaves to 1, and disconnect the external power supply relay of all BMS units, and slave addressing is completed;

[0069] 5) If reply message from No. 2 slave is received, No. 2 slave addressing is set successfully;

[0070] 6) After No. 2 slave addressing is successful, close the external power supply relay to supply power to No. 3 battery module unit (slave) by default, and send No. 3 slave addressing message at the same time;

[0071] 7) If no reply message from No. 3 slave is received, send No. 3 slave addressing message for 3 times;

[0072] 8) If no reply message from No. 3 slave is received for 4 times, set the number of slaves to 2, and disconnect the external power supply relay of all BMS units, and slave addressing is completed;

[0073] 9) If reply message from No. 3 slave is received, No. 3 slave addressing is set successfully;

[0074] 10) No. 4 slave addressing is the same as above, and the above steps are repeated for address coding, and the upper limit of the current slave number is 16.

[0075] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "an embodiment", "an example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0076] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution, and the description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that those skilled in the art can understand.

[0077] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural changes made according to the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-master, multi-slave battery system, characterized in that, The system includes several battery module units, adjacent of which are connected via wake-up switches. Each battery module unit has an independent start switch. Each battery module unit includes a connected master control module and a slave control module. The master control module is connected to a compatible start switch and a compatible wake-up switch, respectively. The wake-up switch is connected to the compatible start switch. The battery module units are arranged in parallel.

2. The multi-master multi-slave battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slave control module includes a battery module and an indicator light, and the battery module and the indicator light are respectively connected to the master control module.

3. The multi-master, multi-slave battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery module includes several battery cells connected in series; the battery cells are cylindrical battery cells; the cylindrical battery cells are lithium battery cells or sodium battery cells.

4. The multi-master multi-slave battery system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main control module is equipped with a BMS unit, which is connected to the start switch, the wake-up switch, the battery module, and the indicator light.

5. The multi-master multi-slave battery system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main control module includes a first fuse, a shunt, a DC / DC converter, a heating film, a heating relay, and a heating control unit. The first fuse is connected to the battery module, the BMS unit, the DC / DC converter, and the heating relay. The shunt is connected to the battery module, the BMS unit, and the DC / DC converter. The DC / DC converter is connected to the BMS unit and the heating film. The heating relay is connected to the heating control unit and the heating film.

6. The multi-master, multi-slave battery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control module also includes a main positive control unit and a discharge relay, which are connected to the main positive control unit, the first fuse, and the heating relay, respectively.

7. The multi-master, multi-slave battery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control module also includes a pre-charge control unit and a pre-charge relay, the pre-charge relay being connected to the pre-charge control unit, the first fuse, and the heating relay respectively; A resistor is provided between the pre-charge relay and the heating relay, and the resistor is connected to the pre-charge relay and the heating relay respectively; The main control module also includes a power supply control unit and a power supply relay, which are connected to the power supply control unit, the first fuse, and the DC / DC conversion unit, respectively.

8. The multi-master multi-slave battery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control module also includes an external power supply control unit and an external power supply relay, the external power supply relay being connected to the external power supply control unit.

9. The multi-master multi-slave battery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control module also includes a second fuse, one end of which is connected to the DC / DC conversion unit, and the other end is connected between the shunt and the charging / discharging negative terminal interface; the shunt is connected to the charging / discharging negative terminal interface.

10. The multi-master, multi-slave battery system according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first diode is provided between the BMS unit and the DC / DC conversion unit, and the first diode is connected to both the BMS unit and the DC / DC conversion unit. The main control module also includes a second diode, which is connected to the BMS unit; The BMS unit is provided with a matching resistor, which is connected to the BMS unit.

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