Light following type motion support device, photovoltaic module and photovoltaic roof

Abstract

The invention provides a light following type motion support device, a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic roof, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment, the light following type motion support device is used for installing a photovoltaic panel and adjusting the orientation of the photovoltaic panel, and the light following type motion support device comprises an installation support; the supporting assembly is used for mounting the photovoltaic panel and comprises a rotating shaft, a supporting frame and a fixing shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket, the fixing shaft is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, the fixing shaft penetrates through the supporting frame, the supporting frame can rotate around the fixing shaft, and the photovoltaic panel is mounted on the supporting frame; the first driving part is connected between the mounting bracket and the supporting frame, and the first driving part can drive the rotating shaft to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft so as to drive the supporting frame and the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft through the fixing shaft. Compared with a fixedly-arranged support device, the light-following type movement support device has the advantages that the utilization efficiency of solar energy is improved to a certain extent, the photovoltaic generating capacity is increased, and meanwhile, the structural complexity of the light-following type movement support device is also reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic equipment technology, and more specifically, to a tracking motion support device, a photovoltaic module, and a photovoltaic roof. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of outdoor power supply equipment, the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) panels directly depends on the angle between the sunlit surface and the sunlight. Efficiency is highest when the sunlight shines perpendicularly. However, the sun's position shifts over time (from sunrise to sunset) and geographical location, and PV panels with fixed angles are prone to efficiency reduction due to oblique sunlight. In related technologies, PV panel angles often employ fixed structures or require manual adjustment (e.g., using bracket clips to fix a limited range). Manual adjustment cannot keep up with real-time changes, resulting in lower overall power generation efficiency throughout the day. Furthermore, manual adjustment relies on the user's subjective judgment, making it difficult to accurately match the sun's real-time position.

[0003] Therefore, how to design a support that can track the sun's position accurately in real time and automatically adjust the angle of the light-receiving surface has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to at least solve the technical problem that traditional photovoltaic panel brackets cannot automatically track sunlight.

[0005] Therefore, the first aspect of this application provides a light-tracking motion support device.

[0006] A second aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic module.

[0007] A third aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic roof.

[0008] In view of this, the first aspect of this application proposes a light-tracking motion support device for installing photovoltaic panels and adjusting the orientation of the photovoltaic panels. The light-tracking motion support device includes: a mounting bracket; a support assembly for installing the photovoltaic panels, the support assembly including a rotating shaft, a support frame, and a fixed shaft, the rotating shaft being rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket, the fixed shaft being fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the fixed shaft passing through the support frame, the support frame being rotatable around the fixed shaft, and the photovoltaic panels being mounted on the support frame; and a first driving member connected between the mounting bracket and the support frame, the first driving member being capable of driving the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis, so as to drive the support frame and the photovoltaic panels to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft through the fixed shaft.

[0009] The solar tracking motion support device provided in this application is used to install photovoltaic panels and can adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panels. The solar tracking motion support device includes a mounting bracket, a support assembly, and a first driving component. The mounting bracket, as a load-bearing structure, can be installed on the ground, wall, or roof. The photovoltaic panels are mounted on the mounting bracket via the support assembly, which includes a rotating shaft, a fixed shaft, and a support frame. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket, and the fixed shaft, after being fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, passes through the support frame, allowing the support frame to rotate around the fixed shaft, thus mounting the photovoltaic panels on the support frame. The first driving component connects the mounting bracket and the support frame. When the first driving component operates, it drives the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis, thereby causing the support frame and the photovoltaic panels mounted on it to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft via the fixed shaft. In this way, the solar tracking motion support device can rotate relative to the mounting bracket, and the photovoltaic panels can adjust their angle in a certain dimension according to changes in the sun's position, achieving single-axis tracking and allowing for more complete reception of sunlight. Compared with fixed support devices, this application improves the utilization efficiency of solar energy to a certain extent, increases photovoltaic power generation, and at the same time reduces the structural complexity of the tracking-type moving support device.

[0010] Compared to a scheme using two opposing telescopic rods to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel, this application does not require precise control of the synchronization of the two telescopic rods' movements. Specifically, when using two opposing telescopic rods to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel, one telescopic rod extends a first distance, while the other telescopic rod needs to shorten a first distance, and the movements of the two telescopic rods need to be controlled synchronously, which places high demands on the control unit. Therefore, this application uses a rotating shaft in conjunction with a first driving component, enabling single-axis tracking with a single driving component, avoiding attitude errors caused by asynchronous extension and retraction of the two telescopic rods. Simultaneously, this application reduces the number of driving components; by improving the structure of the light-tracking motion support device and replacing one of the driving components with a rotating shaft, it also reduces product costs.

[0011] Optionally, in some embodiments, the second driving member is connected between the mounting bracket and the support frame, and the first driving member and the second driving member are respectively connected to two adjacent side frames of the support frame. The second driving member can drive the support frame to rotate around a fixed axis. The angle between the second direction and the first direction is greater than or equal to 80° and less than or equal to 100°, the first direction is the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the second direction is the axial direction of the fixed shaft.

[0012] Thus, the second driving component can rotate not only around the first direction but also around the second direction, achieving dual-axis tracking. Specifically, the first driving component is connected between the mounting bracket and the support frame, located on one side of the support frame. It drives the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the support frame and the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft via the fixed axis. This is the adjustment in the first direction, used to cope with changes in the orientation of the photovoltaic panel in the first dimension. The second driving component is also connected between the mounting bracket and the support frame, but located on another adjacent side of the support frame. The second driving component and the first driving component are distributed on two adjacent sides of the support frame. The second driving component can drive the support frame to rotate around the fixed axis, which is the adjustment in the second direction, used to cope with changes in the orientation of the photovoltaic panel in the second dimension. The first direction is the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the second direction is the axial direction of the fixed axis. The included angle between the two is greater than or equal to 80° and less than or equal to 100°. The two rotational directions form two approximately orthogonal dimensions in space, which facilitates coverage of a wide angle range. The two driving components can operate independently or in coordination, adjusting the spatial attitude of the photovoltaic panel in real time according to changes in the sun's position, thereby achieving dual-axis tracking. Compared to a single-axis solution with only a first driving element, a dual-axis tracking solution can more precisely follow the sun's trajectory, reducing the angle at which incident light deviates from the normal, thereby improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0013] Compared to the complex drive system using four telescopic rods, this solution's first and second drive components act on two adjacent sidewalls of the support frame, avoiding the additional uneven force caused by errors in the synchronous operation of multiple moving parts. Furthermore, this solution results in a more compact overall product structure, simpler control logic, and better long-term operational stability.

[0014] Optionally, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0015] Optionally, in some embodiments, the light-tracking motion support device further includes: a detection and control component connected to the photovoltaic panel and located on the periphery of the photovoltaic panel, the detection and control component being used to detect the light intensity value and control the movement of the first driving member and the second driving member according to the light intensity value.

[0016] In this way, the tracking-type moving support device can automatically detect the light intensity and autonomously adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel based on the detected values, thereby achieving dual-axis automatic tracking. The detection and control components can collect the light intensity value of the photovoltaic panel's current posture in real time. When the detected value is less than the target threshold, the first and second driving components can be controlled to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel. Compared with manual or semi-fixed adjustment methods without automatic detection, this solution requires no manual observation or intervention. The tracking-type moving support device can autonomously find the optimal light-receiving posture, improving the utilization rate of light energy by the photovoltaic panel. The detection and control components are located on the periphery of the photovoltaic panel, avoiding obstruction of the photovoltaic panel's light-receiving surface, thereby improving the overall automation level and power generation efficiency of the tracking-type moving support device.

[0017] Optionally, in some embodiments, the detection and control component includes a light detection component and a control component. The light detection component includes: a housing connected to the photovoltaic panel, the housing including a receiving cavity; a cross-shaped light-shielding plate disposed in the receiving cavity, composed of a first light-shielding plate and a second light-shielding plate that intersect perpendicularly, the cross-shaped light-shielding plate dividing the receiving cavity into four light-sensing detection areas; at least two photosensitive sensors disposed in the receiving cavity, respectively disposed in two diagonally opposite light-sensing detection areas, for detecting the light intensity of each light-sensing detection area; the control component is used to control the movement of a first driving member and a second driving member based on the signal difference between the at least two photosensitive sensors, so as to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel.

[0018] Thus, the light-tracking motion support device can achieve more precise automatic light tracking. The detection and control component includes two parts: a light detection component and a control component. The light detection component includes a housing, a cross-shaped light-shielding plate, and at least two photosensors. The housing is connected to the photovoltaic panel and located around its perimeter. An internal cavity is provided within the housing, and the cross-shaped light-shielding plate is located within this cavity. It consists of a first and a second light-shielding plate that intersect perpendicularly in space, forming a cross that evenly divides the cavity into four light-sensing detection zones. These four zones do not cross-contaminate and can independently detect light intensity from different directions. At least two photosensors are located within the cavity and are positioned in two diagonally opposite light-sensing detection zones, for example, in the upper left or upper right corner. The difference in detection values ​​between the diagonal zones reflects the shift in the main direction of light.

[0019] When external light enters the receiving cavity, light from different directions is blocked by the cross-shaped light-shielding plate. The light intensity value measured by the photosensitive sensor in the corresponding area is affected by the cross-shaped light-shielding plate, and the detected value will also change. When the light intensity value of one area is greater than that of the other area in two opposing areas, and the difference between the two is greater than a set threshold, it indicates that the photovoltaic panel's posture is not the optimal light-receiving posture, and the orientation of the photovoltaic panel needs to be adjusted. The first or second driving component is controlled to move, so that the photovoltaic panel rotates towards the side with the greater light intensity value, until the difference in light intensity between the two areas is less than or equal to the set threshold. This application utilizes the cross-shaped light-shielding plate to divide the receiving cavity and at least two photosensitive sensors arranged diagonally to directly obtain the light intensity difference in different directions, realizing the determination of the incident direction of light. It does not require complex image processing or multi-point array calculations, has a simple and reliable structure, and a fast response speed, enabling the tracking motion support device to efficiently align with the light source under different weather and lighting conditions, further improving the stability and overall efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0020] Optionally, in some embodiments, there are four photosensitive sensors, each disposed in one of four photosensitive detection areas. The plane of the first light-shielding plate is parallel to the rotation axis, and the plane of the second light-shielding plate is parallel to the fixed axis. The control component controls the movement of the first driving member based on the maximum signal difference between the photosensitive sensors on both sides of the first light-shielding plate, so as to adjust the angle of rotation of the photovoltaic panel around the first direction. The control component controls the movement of the second driving member based on the maximum signal difference between the photosensitive sensors on both sides of the second light-shielding plate, so as to adjust the angle of rotation of the photovoltaic panel around the second direction.

[0021] Thus, this application sets up four photosensitive sensors, each located within a different photosensitive detection area, enabling the light-tracking motion support device to be precisely driven in two dimensions during automatic light tracking. The plane of the first light-shielding plate is parallel to the rotation axis, meaning the direction of the first light-shielding plate is consistent with the axis of rotation, dividing the four photosensitive detection areas into left-right or east-west groups according to the first direction. The plane of the second light-shielding plate is parallel to the fixed axis, meaning the direction of the second light-shielding plate is consistent with the axis of the fixed axis, dividing the four photosensitive detection areas into up-down or north-south groups according to the second direction. The control component is signal-connected to the four photosensitive sensors and electrically or communicatively connected to the first and second driving components.

[0022] The control component compares the signals from the photosensitive sensors on both sides of the first light-shielding plate, specifically comparing the light intensity values ​​of the photosensitive sensors located on both sides of the first light-shielding plate, to find the maximum signal difference and its corresponding direction. Two photosensitive sensors are located on each side of the first light-shielding plate. For example, if the signal intensity of the two photosensitive sensors on the east side is significantly higher than that on the west side, the main direction of the light is determined to be eastward. The control component then moves the first driving element, causing the support frame to rotate the photovoltaic panel eastward around its axis by a corresponding angle until the signal difference between the two sides decreases to a set threshold. Similarly, the control component compares the signals from the photosensitive sensors on both sides of the second light-shielding plate, finds the maximum signal difference and its corresponding direction, and adjusts the orientation of the photovoltaic panel. The first and second directions can be adjusted independently without affecting each other, achieving precise dual-axis tracking. Compared to a scheme using only two diagonally opposite photosensitive sensors, the full-area coverage of four photosensitive sensors provides more complete light intensity distribution information, reducing misjudgments caused by unilateral shading or reflection.

[0023] Optionally, in some embodiments, the rotating shaft and the fixed shaft are located inside the support frame, and the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to two opposite sidewalls of the support frame; the mounting bracket also includes a base and a first support arm and a second support arm disposed opposite to each other on the base, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the first support arm and the second support arm, respectively.

[0024] Thus, the support frame, as the frame structure for installing photovoltaic panels, has two opposing frames. The fixed shaft passes through the support frame and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft and the fixed shaft are located inside the support frame, which can prevent external components from occupying too much space or being impacted by external forces, thereby improving the structural compactness and safety.

[0025] The first and second support arms extend upwards from the base and face each other, forming a support and positioning space for the rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the first and second support arms, respectively, allowing the shaft to rotate freely around its own axis between the support arms. The support arms limit the radial and axial positions of the shaft, preventing it from wobbling. The relative arrangement of the first and second support arms ensures a reasonable support span at both ends of the rotating shaft, capable of bearing the weight of the support frame and photovoltaic panel while maintaining stable rotation. Furthermore, the first and second support arms, together with the first drive component, form a three-point support structure, ensuring a stable connection between the support assembly and the mounting bracket, thereby guaranteeing the installation stability of the photovoltaic panel.

[0026] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first driving member includes any one of a hydraulic rod, a cylinder, and an electric actuator; the second driving member includes any one of a hydraulic rod, a cylinder, and an electric actuator.

[0027] Thus, the optional configuration of the first and second driving components provides diverse power options for the light-tracking motion support device, adapting to the needs of different scenarios. The first driving component drives the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis, thereby causing the support frame and photovoltaic panel to move in a first direction. The second driving component drives the support frame to rotate around a fixed axis, causing the photovoltaic panel to move in a second direction. Both can be selected from hydraulic rods, cylinders, and electric actuators as actuators. Hydraulic rods rely on the pressure of hydraulic oil to push the piston in a linear reciprocating motion, suitable for use in scenarios with large loads or requiring high stability. For example, when the photovoltaic panel is large and heavy, the hydraulic rod can provide sufficient torque to drive the rotating shaft or support frame to rotate. Cylinders use the energy of compressed air to drive the piston, suitable for scenarios with low load requirements, and conducive to the miniaturization of the overall structure. Electric actuators are devices that achieve linear motion by driving a screw and nut mechanism with a motor, capable of precisely adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel to match the optimal lighting conditions.

[0028] Based on the same technical concept, a second aspect of this application proposes a photovoltaic module, including a tracking motion support device as proposed in the first aspect; and a photovoltaic panel mounted on the tracking motion support device.

[0029] The photovoltaic module provided in this application includes a tracking-type moving bracket device as described in the first aspect, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the tracking-type moving bracket device as described in the first aspect. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic module also includes a photovoltaic panel mounted on the tracking-type moving bracket device, which can adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel to ensure that the photovoltaic panel is always at the optimal illumination angle, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0030] Optionally, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic module further includes: a driving unit for driving the first driving member to move; and an energy storage device connected to the photovoltaic panel, wherein the photovoltaic panel charges the energy storage device and the energy storage device supplies power to the driving unit.

[0031] In this way, the photovoltaic modules can form a self-powered, self-driven closed-loop system, reducing their dependence on external power sources during long-term outdoor operation. The drive unit, which can drive the first or second drive component, can be an independent motor, a power unit of a hydraulic pump station, or a drive motor of an air pump. The drive unit converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, thereby driving the first and / or second drive components to perform extension or rotation, allowing the support frame to rotate the photovoltaic panel around a first or second direction. The energy storage device is connected to the photovoltaic panel. When the photovoltaic panel generates electricity, part of the electricity can be used by the load, and the other part charges the energy storage device through a charging circuit. This solution improves the energy self-sufficiency of the tracking-type moving support device while ensuring single-axis or dual-axis tracking functionality.

[0032] Based on the same technical concept, a third aspect of this application proposes a photovoltaic roof, including photovoltaic modules as proposed in the second aspect.

[0033] The photovoltaic roof provided according to this application includes the photovoltaic modules as proposed in the second aspect, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic modules as proposed in the second aspect.

[0034] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0036] Figure 1 This application shows one of the structural schematic diagrams of a photovoltaic module in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a light-tracking motion support device in one embodiment of this application is shown;

[0038] Figure 3 This application shows a second schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module in one embodiment.

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a light detection component in one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0040] The components are as follows: 10 mounting bracket, 101 base, 102 first support arm, 103 second support arm, 20 support assembly, 21 rotating shaft, 22 support frame, 221 frame, 23 fixed shaft, 30 first drive component, 40 second drive component, 50 detection and control assembly, 51 light detection assembly, 511 housing, 512 receiving cavity, 513 cross-shaped light shield, 514 first light shield, 515 second light shield, 516 light sensing detection area, 517 photosensitive sensor, 52 control assembly, 100 light-tracking motion support device, 110 photovoltaic panel, 120 drive unit, 130 energy storage device, and 200 photovoltaic module. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0042] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] The following reference Figures 1 to 4 This application describes a light-tracking motion support device, photovoltaic module, and photovoltaic roof according to some embodiments thereof.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a light-tracking motion support device 100 for mounting a photovoltaic panel 110 and adjusting the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110. The light-tracking motion support device 100 includes: a mounting bracket 10; a support assembly 20 for mounting the photovoltaic panel 110, the support assembly 20 including a rotating shaft 21, a support frame 22 and a fixed shaft 23, the rotating shaft 21 being rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 10, the fixed shaft 23 being fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 21, the fixed shaft 23 passing through the support frame 22, the support frame 22 being rotatable around the fixed shaft 23, and the photovoltaic panel 110 being mounted on the support frame 22; and a first driving member 30 connected between the mounting bracket 10 and the support frame 22, the first driving member 30 being able to drive the rotating shaft 21 to rotate around its own axis, so as to drive the support frame 22 and the photovoltaic panel 110 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 21 through the fixed shaft 23.

[0045] The tracking-type motion support device 100 provided in this application is used to install photovoltaic panels 110 and can adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panels 110. The tracking-type motion support device 100 includes a mounting bracket 10, a support assembly 20, and a first driving member 30. The mounting bracket 10 serves as a load-bearing structure and can be installed on the ground, wall, or roof. The photovoltaic panels 110 are mounted on the mounting bracket 10 via the support assembly 20. The support assembly 20 includes a rotating shaft 21, a fixed shaft 23, and a support frame 22. The rotating shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket 10. The fixed shaft 23 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 21 and passes through the support frame 22, allowing the support frame 22 to rotate around the fixed shaft 23, thus mounting the photovoltaic panels 110 on the support frame 22. The first driving member 30 connects the mounting bracket 10 and the support frame 22. When the first driving member 30 is working, it can drive the rotating shaft 21 to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the support frame 22 and the photovoltaic panels 110 mounted on it to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 21 via the fixed shaft 23. In this way, the tracking-type moving support device 100 can rotate relative to the mounting bracket 10, and the photovoltaic panel 110 can adjust its angle in a certain dimension according to the change of the sun's position, achieving single-axis tracking and receiving more sunlight. Compared with a fixed support device, this application improves the utilization efficiency of solar energy to a certain extent, increases photovoltaic power generation, and at the same time reduces the structural complexity of the tracking-type moving support device 100.

[0046] Compared to the scheme of using two opposing telescopic rods to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110, this application does not require precise control of the synchronization of the two telescopic rods' movements. Specifically, when using two opposing telescopic rods to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110, one telescopic rod extends a first distance, while the other telescopic rod needs to shorten a first distance, and the movements of the two telescopic rods need to be controlled synchronously, which places high demands on the control unit. Therefore, this application uses a rotating shaft 21 in conjunction with the first driving component 30, which allows for single-axis tracking with a single driving component, avoiding attitude errors caused by asynchronous extension and retraction of the two telescopic rods. At the same time, this application reduces the number of driving components. By improving the structure of the light-tracking motion support device 100 and replacing one of the driving components with the rotating shaft 21, the cost of the product is also reduced.

[0047] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second driving member 40 is connected between the mounting bracket 10 and the support frame 22. The first driving member 30 and the second driving member 40 are respectively connected to two adjacent side frames 221 of the support frame 22. The second driving member 40 can drive the support frame 22 to rotate around the fixed axis 23. The angle between the second direction and the first direction is greater than or equal to 80° and less than or equal to 100°. The first direction is the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21, and the second direction is the axial direction of the fixed axis 23.

[0048] Thus, the second driving member 40 can rotate not only around the first direction but also around the second direction, thereby achieving dual-axis tracking. Specifically, the first driving member 30 is connected between the mounting bracket 10 and the support frame 22. The first driving member 30 is located at one side 221 of the support frame 22 and can drive the rotating shaft 21 to rotate around its own axis. This, in turn, drives the support frame 22 and the photovoltaic panel 110 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 21 via the fixed shaft 23. This is the adjustment in the first direction, used to cope with the orientation change of the photovoltaic panel 110 in the first dimension. The second driving member 40 is also connected between the mounting bracket 10 and the support frame 22, but is located at another adjacent side 221 of the support frame 22. The second driving member 40 and the first driving member 30 are distributed on two adjacent side 221s of the support frame 22. The second driving member 40 can drive the support frame 22 to rotate around the fixed shaft 23. This is the adjustment in the second direction, used to cope with the orientation change of the photovoltaic panel 110 in the second dimension. The first direction is the axis of rotation 21, and the second direction is the axis of fixed axis 23. The included angle between the two is greater than or equal to 80° and less than or equal to 100°. The two rotation directions form two approximately orthogonal dimensions in space, which facilitates coverage of a wide angle range. The two driving components can operate independently or in coordination, adjusting the spatial attitude of the photovoltaic panel 110 in real time according to changes in the sun's position, thereby achieving dual-axis tracking. Compared with a single-axis solution using only the first driving component, the dual-axis tracking solution can more precisely follow the sun's trajectory, reducing the angle at which incident light deviates from the normal, thus improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0049] Compared to the complex drive system using four telescopic rods, this solution's first drive component 30 and second drive component 40 act on two adjacent side frames 221 of the support frame 22, avoiding the additional uneven force caused by errors in the synchronous operation of multiple moving parts. Furthermore, this solution results in a more compact overall product structure, simpler control logic, and better long-term operational stability.

[0050] Optionally, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0051] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the light-tracking motion support device 100 also includes: a detection and control component 50, which is connected to the photovoltaic panel 110 and located on the periphery of the photovoltaic panel 110. The detection and control component 50 is used to detect the light intensity value and control the movement of the first drive component 30 and the second drive component 40 according to the light intensity value.

[0052] Thus, the tracking-type motion support device 100 can automatically detect the light intensity and autonomously adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110 based on the detected values, thereby achieving dual-axis automatic tracking. The detection and control component 50 can collect the light intensity value of the photovoltaic panel 110 in real time. When the detected value is less than the target threshold, it can control the first drive component 30 and the second drive component 40 to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110. Compared with manual or semi-fixed adjustment methods without automatic detection, this solution does not require manual observation and intervention. The tracking-type motion support device 100 can autonomously find the optimal light-receiving posture, improving the utilization rate of light energy by the photovoltaic panel 110. The detection and control component 50 is located on the periphery of the photovoltaic panel 110, avoiding shading the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic panel 110, thereby improving the automation level and power generation efficiency of the tracking-type motion support device 100 as a whole.

[0053] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the detection and control component 50 includes a light detection component 51 and a control component 52. The light detection component 51 includes: a housing 511 connected to the photovoltaic panel 110, the housing 511 including a receiving cavity 512; a cross-shaped light-shielding plate 513 disposed in the receiving cavity 512, composed of a first light-shielding plate 514 and a second light-shielding plate 515 that intersect perpendicularly, the cross-shaped light-shielding plate 513 dividing the receiving cavity 512 into four light-sensing detection areas 516; at least two photosensitive sensors 517 disposed in the receiving cavity 512, respectively disposed in two diagonally opposite light-sensing detection areas 516, for detecting the light intensity of each light-sensing detection area 516; the control component 52 is used to control the movement of the first driving member 30 and the second driving member 40 according to the signal difference of the at least two photosensitive sensors 517, so as to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110.

[0054] Thus, the light-tracking motion support device 100 can achieve more precise automatic light tracking. The detection and control component 50 includes two parts: a light detection component 51 and a control component 52. The light detection component 51 includes a housing 511, a cross-shaped light-shielding plate 513, and at least two photosensors 517. The housing 511 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 110 and is located on the periphery of the photovoltaic panel 110. The housing 511 has a receiving cavity 512 inside, and the cross-shaped light-shielding plate 513 is located in the receiving cavity 512. It is composed of a first light-shielding plate 514 and a second light-shielding plate 515 that intersect perpendicularly. The two light-shielding plates are arranged in a cross shape in space, which evenly divides the receiving cavity 512 into four light-sensing detection areas 516. The four areas do not cross light and can independently sense the intensity of light from different directions. At least two photosensitive sensors 517 are disposed in the receiving cavity 512 and are respectively arranged in two diagonally opposite photosensitive detection areas 516, for example, respectively arranged in the upper left corner or the upper right corner. The difference in detection values ​​in the diagonal areas can be used to reflect the shift of the main direction of light.

[0055] When external light enters the receiving cavity 512, light from different directions is blocked by the cross-shaped light-shielding plate 513. The photosensitive sensor 517 detects that the light intensity value of the corresponding area is affected by the cross-shaped light-shielding plate 513, and the detected value will also change. When the light intensity value of one area is greater than that of the other area in two opposing areas, and the difference between the two is greater than a set threshold, it indicates that the posture of the photovoltaic panel 110 is not the optimal light-receiving posture, and the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110 needs to be adjusted. Control the first driving member 30 or the second driving member 40 to move so that the photovoltaic panel 110 rotates towards the side with the greater light intensity value until the difference in light intensity between the two areas is less than or equal to the set threshold. This application utilizes a cross-shaped light-blocking plate 513 to partition the receiving cavity 512, and at least two diagonally arranged photosensitive sensors 517 to directly acquire the light intensity differences in different directions, thereby enabling the determination of the incident direction of light. This eliminates the need for complex image processing or multi-point array calculations, resulting in a simple and reliable structure with a fast response speed. This allows the light-tracking motion support device 100 to efficiently align with the light source under different weather and lighting conditions, further improving the stability and overall efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0056] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, there are four photosensitive sensors 517, which are respectively set in four photosensitive detection areas 516. The plane where the first light-shielding plate 514 is located is parallel to the rotating shaft 21, and the plane where the second light-shielding plate 515 is located is parallel to the fixed shaft 23. The control component 52 controls the first driving member 30 to move according to the maximum signal difference between the photosensitive sensors 517 on both sides of the first light-shielding plate 514, so as to adjust the angle of rotation of the photovoltaic panel 110 around the first direction. The control component 52 controls the second driving member 40 to move according to the maximum signal difference between the photosensitive sensors 517 on both sides of the second light-shielding plate 515, so as to adjust the angle of rotation of the photovoltaic panel 110 around the second direction.

[0057] Thus, this application sets up four photosensitive sensors 517, each located within one of the four photosensitive detection areas 516, enabling the light-tracking motion support device 100 to be precisely driven in two dimensions during automatic light tracking. The plane of the first light-shielding plate 514 is parallel to the rotation axis 21, meaning the direction of the first light-shielding plate 514 is consistent with the axial direction of the rotation axis 21, dividing the four photosensitive detection areas 516 into two groups (left and right or east and west) according to the first direction. The plane of the second light-shielding plate 515 is parallel to the fixed axis 23, meaning the direction of the second light-shielding plate 515 is consistent with the axial direction of the fixed axis 23, dividing the four photosensitive detection areas 516 into two groups (up and down or north and south) according to the second direction. The control component 52 is signal-connected to the four photosensitive sensors 517, and is also electrically or communicatively connected to the first drive component 30 and the second drive component 40.

[0058] The control component 52 compares the signals from the photosensitive sensors 517 on both sides of the first light-shielding plate 514, that is, it compares the light intensity values ​​of the photosensitive sensors 517 located on both sides of the first light-shielding plate 514 to find the maximum signal difference and the corresponding direction. Two photosensitive sensors 517 are respectively located on each side of the first light-shielding plate 514 to find the maximum signal difference and the corresponding direction. For example, if the signal intensity of the two photosensitive sensors 517 on the east side is significantly higher than that of the two photosensitive sensors 517 on the west side, it is determined that the main direction of the light is biased to the east. The control component 30 is then controlled to move, causing the support frame 22 to rotate the photovoltaic panel 110 eastward around the axis 21 by a corresponding angle until the signal difference on both sides decreases to a set threshold. Similarly, the control component 52 compares the signals from the photosensitive sensors 517 on both sides of the second light-shielding plate 515 to find the maximum signal difference and the corresponding direction, and adjusts the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110. The first and second directions can be adjusted independently without affecting each other, achieving dual-axis fine tracking. Compared to a solution using only two diagonal photosensitive sensors 517, four photosensitive sensors 517 providing full-area coverage can provide more complete light intensity distribution information and reduce misjudgments caused by unilateral occlusion or reflection.

[0059] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the rotating shaft 21 and the fixed shaft 23 are located inside the support frame 22. The fixed shaft 23 is rotatably connected to two opposite side frames 221 of the support frame 22. The mounting bracket 10 also includes a base 101 and a first support arm 102 and a second support arm 103 disposed opposite to each other on the base 101. The two ends of the rotating shaft 21 are rotatably connected to the first support arm 102 and the second support arm 103, respectively.

[0060] Thus, the support frame 22 serves as the frame structure for installing the photovoltaic panel 110, with two opposing side frames 221. The fixed shaft 23 passes through the support frame 22 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 21. The rotating shaft 21 and the fixed shaft 23 are located inside the support frame 22, which can prevent external components from occupying too much space or being impacted by external forces, thereby improving the structural compactness and safety.

[0061] The first support arm 102 and the second support arm 103 extend upward from the base 101 and are opposite to each other, forming a support and positioning space for the rotating shaft 21. The two ends of the rotating shaft 21 are rotatably connected to the first support arm 102 and the second support arm 103, respectively, allowing the rotating shaft 21 to rotate freely around its own axis between the support arms. The radial and axial positions are defined by the support arms, preventing the rotating shaft 21 from wobbling. The relative arrangement of the first support arm 102 and the second support arm 103 ensures a reasonable support span at both ends of the rotating shaft 21, which can bear the weight of the support frame 22 and the photovoltaic panel 110 while maintaining stable rotation. Furthermore, the first support arm 102, the second support arm 103, and the first drive member 30 form a three-point support structure, ensuring that the support assembly 20 is stably connected to the mounting bracket 10, thereby guaranteeing the installation stability of the photovoltaic panel 110.

[0062] Optionally, in some embodiments, the first drive member 30 includes any one of a hydraulic rod, a cylinder, and an electric actuator; the second drive member 40 includes any one of a hydraulic rod, a cylinder, and an electric actuator.

[0063] Thus, the optional configuration of the first drive component 30 and the second drive component 40 provides diverse power options for the light-tracking motion support device 100 to adapt to the needs of different scenarios. The first drive component 30 is used to drive the rotating shaft 21 to rotate around its own axis, thereby driving the support frame 22 and the photovoltaic panel 110 to move around a first direction. The second drive component 40 is used to drive the support frame 22 to rotate around the fixed axis 23, thereby driving the photovoltaic panel 110 to move around a second direction. Both can be selected from hydraulic rods, cylinders, and electric actuators as actuators. Hydraulic rods rely on the pressure of hydraulic oil to drive the piston to make linear reciprocating motion, which is suitable for use in scenarios with large loads or requiring high stability. For example, when the photovoltaic panel 110 is large and heavy, the hydraulic rod can provide sufficient torque to drive the rotating shaft 21 or the support frame 22 to rotate. Cylinders use the energy of compressed air to drive the piston to move, which is suitable for scenarios with low load requirements and is conducive to the miniaturization of the overall structure. Electric actuators are devices that achieve linear motion by driving a screw and nut mechanism through a motor, which can precisely adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 to match the optimal lighting conditions.

[0064] Based on the same technical concept, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the second aspect of this application proposes a photovoltaic module 200, including a tracking motion support device 100 as proposed in the first aspect; and a photovoltaic panel 110, which is mounted on the tracking motion support device 100.

[0065] The photovoltaic module 200 provided in this application includes the tracking-type moving bracket device 100 as described in the first aspect, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the tracking-type moving bracket device 100 as described in the first aspect. Simultaneously, the photovoltaic module 200 also includes a photovoltaic panel 110, which is mounted on the tracking-type moving bracket device 100. The tracking-type moving bracket device 100 can adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 110, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 110 is always at the optimal illumination angle, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 200.

[0066] Alternatively, in some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic module 200 also includes: a drive unit 120 for driving the first drive member 30 to move; and an energy storage device 130 connected to the photovoltaic panel 110, wherein the photovoltaic panel 110 charges the energy storage device 130 and the energy storage device 130 supplies power to the drive unit 120.

[0067] In this way, the photovoltaic module 200 can form a self-powered and self-driven closed-loop system, reducing its dependence on external power sources during long-term outdoor operation. The drive unit 120 drives the first drive member 30 and / or the second drive member 40. The drive unit 120 can be an independent motor, a power unit of a hydraulic pump station, or a drive motor of an air pump, etc. The drive unit 120 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, thereby driving the first drive member 30 and / or the second drive member 40 to perform extension or rotation actions, causing the support frame 22 to drive the photovoltaic panel 110 to rotate around a first or second direction. The energy storage device 130 is connected to the photovoltaic panel 110. Part of the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 110 during power generation can be used by the load, and the other part charges the energy storage device 130 through a charging circuit. This solution improves the energy self-sufficiency of the tracking-type motion support device 100 while ensuring single-axis or dual-axis tracking functionality.

[0068] Based on the same technical concept, a third aspect of this application proposes a photovoltaic roof, including a photovoltaic module 200 as proposed in the second aspect.

[0069] The photovoltaic roof provided according to this application includes the photovoltaic module 200 as proposed in the second aspect, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module 200 as proposed in the second aspect.

[0070] In a specific application, the present invention provides an automatic solar tracking device for photovoltaic panels based on photosensitive detection (a solar tracking motion support device 100), comprising: a photovoltaic panel body (photovoltaic panel 110), serving as the core component for absorbing solar energy and converting it into electrical energy; and a dual-axis support mechanism (support assembly 20), wherein the horizontal rotation axis is arranged in the horizontal direction to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the vertical axis (adjusting the azimuth angle to adapt to the changes in the horizontal position of the sun rising in the east and setting in the west), and the vertical rotation axis is arranged in the vertical direction and perpendicularly connected to the horizontal rotation axis to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the horizontal axis (adjusting the pitch angle to adapt to changes in the solar altitude angle). The light detection module (light detection component 51) includes four symmetrically distributed photoresistors (such as those installed at four symmetrical positions "up, down, left, and right" with the center of the photovoltaic panel's light-receiving surface as the origin, used to detect light intensity in different directions), and a cross-shaped light-shielding plate 513 fixed above the center of the four photoresistors (higher than the photoresistors). The cross-shaped light-shielding plate 513 has four arms that correspond to the outer directions of the four photoresistors. When the sunlight is not perpendicular to the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the arms of the light-shielding plate will block the photoresistor on one side, causing the light intensity detected by the photoresistor on that side to be lower than that on the unblocked side.

[0071] For horizontal adjustment, the light intensity of the photovoltaic panel is compared between the left and right photoresistors. If the left side is greater than the right side, the horizontal axis photovoltaic panel is rotated to the left (decreasing the azimuth angle) until the difference in light intensity between the two sides is less than or equal to a threshold. If the right side is greater than the left side, the photovoltaic panel is driven to rotate to the right (increasing the azimuth angle). For vertical adjustment, the light intensity of the photovoltaic panel is compared between the upper and lower photoresistors. If the upper side is greater than the lower side, the vertical axis photovoltaic panel is rotated upward (increasing the pitch angle) until the difference in light intensity between the two sides is less than or equal to a threshold. If the lower side is greater than the upper side, the photovoltaic panel is driven to rotate downward (decreasing the pitch angle). The automatic photovoltaic tracking device also includes a power module (energy storage device 130), which draws power from the output of the photovoltaic panel to power the control module (control component 52), the drive unit 120, and the light detection module (light detection component 51). It also integrates low-power management, such as automatically entering a sleep mode when the light intensity is below a threshold to avoid unnecessary energy consumption.

[0072] Furthermore, the symmetrical distribution of photoresistors (photosensitive sensor 517) can adopt a "cross-shaped array," with a light-shielding plate at the center and four resistors located at the four ends of the cross, ensuring the correspondence between the light-shielding plate's blocking effect and the angle of solar incidence. A threshold value can be set to 5% to 10%; when the difference in light intensity between the two sides is less than or equal to the set threshold, the photovoltaic panel's attitude is considered adapted, and the hydraulic rod's movement stops. Furthermore, the dual-axis support mechanism can adopt a damped rotation structure to maintain the current angle stability when not in operation. The hydraulic rod can be driven by a micro-servo motor, which features small size, low power consumption, and precise angle control, meeting the requirements of portable devices.

[0073] In this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0074] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A light-tracking motion support device, characterized in that, The light-tracking motion support device includes components for installing photovoltaic panels and adjusting their orientation. Mounting bracket; A support assembly for mounting the photovoltaic panel includes a rotating shaft, a support frame, and a fixed shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the mounting bracket, and the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The fixed shaft passes through the support frame, and the support frame is rotatable around the fixed shaft. The photovoltaic panel is mounted on the support frame. A first driving component is connected between the mounting bracket and the support frame. The first driving component can drive the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis, so as to drive the support frame and the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft through the fixed shaft.

2. The light-tracking motion support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second driving component is connected between the mounting bracket and the support frame. The first driving component and the second driving component are respectively connected to two adjacent side frames of the support frame. The second driving component can drive the support frame to rotate around the fixed axis. Wherein, the angle between the second direction and the first direction is greater than or equal to 80° and less than or equal to 100°, the first direction is the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the second direction is the axial direction of the fixed shaft.

3. The light-tracking motion support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: A detection and control component is connected to the photovoltaic panel and located on the periphery of the photovoltaic panel. The detection and control component is used to detect the light intensity value and control the movement of the first driving component and the second driving component according to the light intensity value.

4. The light-tracking motion support device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The detection and control component includes a light detection component and a control component, wherein the light detection component includes: A housing connected to the photovoltaic panel, the housing including a receiving cavity; A cross-shaped light-shielding plate is disposed in the receiving cavity and is composed of a first light-shielding plate and a second light-shielding plate that intersect perpendicularly. The cross-shaped light-shielding plate divides the receiving cavity into four light-sensing detection areas. At least two photosensitive sensors are disposed in the receiving cavity and respectively arranged in two diagonally opposite photosensitive detection areas, for detecting the light intensity of each photosensitive detection area; The control component is used to control the movement of the first drive member and the second drive member based on the signal difference between at least two of the photosensitive sensors, so as to adjust the orientation of the photovoltaic panel.

5. The light-tracking motion support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of photosensitive sensors is four, which are respectively set in the four photosensitive detection areas. The plane where the first light-shielding plate is located is parallel to the rotating axis, and the plane where the second light-shielding plate is located is parallel to the fixed axis. The control component controls the movement of the first driving member based on the maximum signal difference between the photosensitive sensors on both sides of the first light-shielding plate, so as to adjust the angle of rotation of the photovoltaic panel around the first direction; The control component controls the movement of the second driving component based on the maximum signal difference between the photosensitive sensors on both sides of the second light-shielding plate, thereby adjusting the angle at which the photovoltaic panel rotates around the second direction.

6. The light-tracking motion support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating shaft and the fixed shaft are located inside the support frame, and the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to two opposite side frames of the support frame; The mounting bracket also includes a base and a first support arm and a second support arm disposed opposite to each other on the base, with the two ends of the rotating shaft rotatably connected to the first support arm and the second support arm, respectively.

7. The light-tracking motion support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first driving component includes any one of a hydraulic rod, a cylinder, and an electric push rod; The second driving component includes any one of a hydraulic rod, a cylinder, and an electric actuator.

8. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Includes the light-tracking motion support device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; Photovoltaic panels are installed on the aforementioned light-tracking motion support device.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The driving unit is used to drive the first driving member to move; An energy storage device is connected to the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel charges the energy storage device, and the energy storage device supplies power to the drive unit.

10. A photovoltaic roof, characterized in that, Including the photovoltaic module as described in claim 8 or 9.

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