Vehicle-mounted antenna test system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a test system and method for a vehicle-mounted antenna, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining an interference signal received by the vehicle-mounted antenna, the interference signal comprising a vehicle-mounted interference signal generated by a vehicle-mounted device and / or an environment interference signal introduced by an environment outside a vehicle; processing the interference signal, and extracting a characteristic parameter of the interference signal; acquiring a test result based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and a preset reference line; the test result comprises the interference degree of the interference signal on the vehicle-mounted antenna. By analyzing the interference degree of the vehicle-mounted electric appliance on the vehicle-mounted antenna, direct data support can be provided for layout optimization of a vehicle-mounted electric system, and when a communication fault occurs, a key diagnosis basis is provided for quickly judging whether the fault is from the antenna, in-vehicle electric appliance interference or out-vehicle environment interference.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automotive electronics, in particular to a test system and method for a vehicle-mounted antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of modern automobile technology, vehicles are equipped with more and more electronic devices, among which various types of antennas, such as Bluetooth antennas, GPS antennas, 4G / 5G antennas, etc., directly affect the operation reliability of the vehicle electronic system in terms of their receiving performance. With the increasing electrification and intelligentization of vehicles, the internal electromagnetic interference generated by vehicle electrical systems (such as engines, sensors, vehicle terminals, etc.) is becoming increasingly complex, and at the same time, the vehicle will also face external environmental interference introduced by road surrounding base stations, other vehicles, industrial equipment, etc. during driving, which will affect the signal reception quality of the vehicle-mounted antenna.

[0003] The existing vehicle-mounted antenna test technology has obvious limitations: on the one hand, the test process highly depends on professional laboratory environment and expensive simulation test equipment, and needs to manually build a closed electromagnetic environment to simulate the interference scene, which not only has high test cost and complex operation process, but also is difficult to completely reproduce the complex working conditions of coexistence of internal interference and external interference in actual vehicle driving; on the other hand, the existing test mainly focuses on the basic receiving performance of the antenna itself, and insufficiently considers the multi-source interference in actual use, resulting in large deviation of the test results from the antenna performance under real working conditions, which cannot provide accurate and effective data support for antenna anti-interference design and vehicle electromagnetic compatibility optimization, and restricts the improvement of vehicle-mounted antenna and vehicle communication reliability. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a test system and method for a vehicle-mounted antenna to solve the problem of high dependence on professional laboratories and expensive simulation equipment in the existing vehicle-mounted antenna test technology in the related art, high test cost, complex process, insufficient consideration of multi-source interference in actual use, and difficulty in reproducing real working conditions, resulting in large deviation of test results.

[0005] In a first aspect, a test method for a vehicle-mounted antenna is provided, comprising the following steps: Obtaining an interference signal received by a vehicle-mounted antenna, the interference signal comprising a vehicle-mounted interference signal generated by a vehicle-mounted device and / or an environmental interference signal introduced by an environment outside the vehicle; Processing the interference signal to extract a characteristic parameter of the interference signal; Obtaining a test result based on the characteristic parameter of the interference signal and a preset reference line; the test result comprising an interference degree of the interference signal on the vehicle-mounted antenna.

[0006] In some embodiments, before obtaining the interference signal, the method further comprises: transmit a test signal in a preset frequency range; acquire a received signal generated by receiving the test signal by the vehicle antenna; determine whether the received signal is continuous in time domain and covers different frequency bands in the preset frequency range in frequency domain: if yes, it is determined that the vehicle antenna is working normally; if no, it is determined that the vehicle antenna is working abnormally.

[0007] In some embodiments, the interference signal received by the vehicle antenna includes: directly receiving the environmental interference signal by the vehicle antenna; and / or, turning on the vehicle equipment to receive the vehicle interference signal generated by the vehicle equipment through the vehicle antenna.

[0008] In some embodiments, the interference signal is processed to extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal, including: amplifying / attenuating and filtering the interference signal to obtain a preprocessed signal; decoding and analyzing the preprocessed signal to extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal.

[0009] In some embodiments, the characteristic parameters include one or more of frequency, amplitude, and phase.

[0010] In some embodiments, based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and a preset reference line, a test result is acquired, including: acquiring the difference between the amplitude of the characteristic parameter waveform at a preset time point and the amplitude of the preset reference line; generating a test result according to the difference.

[0011] In a second aspect, a vehicle antenna test system is provided, including: a data acquisition module for acquiring an interference signal received by a vehicle antenna, the interference signal including a vehicle interference signal generated by a vehicle equipment and / or an environmental interference signal introduced by an environment outside the vehicle; a signal processing module for processing the interference signal to extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal; a control module for acquiring a test result based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and a preset reference line; the test result includes the interference degree of the interference signal on the vehicle antenna.

[0012] In some embodiments, an analog signal module is used to transmit a test signal in a preset frequency range; the data acquisition module is also used to receive the test signal.

[0013] In some embodiments, the signal processing module includes: A signal conditioning submodule is used to amplify / attenuate and filter the interference signal; The signal analysis submodule is used to decode and analyze the conditioned signal to generate the time-domain signal and spectrum of the interference signal.

[0014] Thirdly, a test system is provided for a car equipped with the aforementioned onboard antenna.

[0015] This application provides a testing system and method for vehicle-mounted antennas. By acquiring the interference signals received by the vehicle-mounted antenna itself, including interference generated by vehicle electrical appliances and interference introduced by the external environment, and performing feature comparison analysis, the system analyzes the degree of interference on the antenna, constructing a low-cost, highly realistic testing scheme. Firstly, it eliminates the need for expensive large-scale simulation equipment, allowing the simulation of a real electromagnetic environment using existing vehicle-mounted antennas, significantly reducing testing costs and complexity. Secondly, it can simultaneously evaluate the combined interference from both the vehicle's internal and external environments on the antenna's operating frequency band, achieving a comprehensive and realistic evaluation of the antenna's performance in actual usage scenarios. Thirdly, by analyzing the degree of interference from vehicle electrical appliances on the vehicle-mounted antenna, it can provide direct data support for optimizing the layout of the vehicle's electrical system and, in the event of a communication failure, provide crucial diagnostic evidence for quickly determining whether the fault originates from the antenna itself, interference from in-vehicle electrical appliances, or interference from the external environment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the test results of a vehicle-mounted antenna receiving low-frequency comb signals provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the test results of a vehicle-mounted antenna receiving a high-frequency comb signal, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 A block diagram of a test system for a vehicle-mounted antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] This application provides a testing method for vehicle-mounted antennas, which solves the problems of existing vehicle-mounted antenna testing technologies that rely heavily on professional laboratories and expensive simulation equipment, resulting in high testing costs, complex processes, and insufficient consideration of multi-source interference in actual use, making it difficult to reproduce real working conditions and leading to large deviations in test results.

[0020] A testing method for a vehicle-mounted antenna includes the following steps: S1: Acquire interference signals received by the vehicle-mounted antenna, the interference signals including vehicle-mounted interference signals generated by the vehicle-mounted equipment and / or environmental interference signals introduced by the external environment.

[0021] The vehicle antennas include various antennas found on vehicles, such as FM / AM antennas, Bluetooth antennas, GPS antennas, 4G / 5G antennas, NFC antennas, and remote key antennas. Vehicle equipment includes the engine, air conditioning, in-vehicle entertainment system, headlights, and windshield wipers, simulating the real electrical environment of a vehicle in motion.

[0022] The test method of this application is applicable to test scenarios of single antennas or multiple types of antennas; when performing synchronous tests of composite antennas, synchronous measurements without mutual interference can be achieved based on the different operating frequency bands of each antenna.

[0023] This testing method supports flexible acquisition methods for interference signals—it can centrally acquire and record interference signals for specific time periods, or achieve continuous real-time acquisition and processing. In collection mode, the system can collect complete samples of electromagnetic interference from vehicles under typical operating conditions or on specific road sections, forming a traceable and reproducible interference database, providing ample data support for subsequent statistical analysis and design improvements. In real-time acquisition mode, the system can instantly capture transient interference and sudden electromagnetic events, accurately reflecting the instantaneous response characteristics of the antenna in dynamically changing environments, thereby enabling online monitoring and early warning of communication link quality.

[0024] By separately acquiring interference from in-vehicle equipment and external environmental interference, the system can highly replicate the multi-source, multi-band electromagnetic interference encountered by vehicles in actual use, significantly improving the realism and coverage of the test. Simultaneously, utilizing the vehicle's existing antenna system for signal acquisition eliminates the need for additional dedicated test antennas or complex simulation environments, greatly reducing investment in testing equipment and site dependence. This makes it suitable for various scenarios, including production lines, repair sites, and even road testing. Furthermore, by separating internal and external interference sources, the system can clearly identify the source of interference and its impact on antenna performance, providing data support for optimizing vehicle electrical system layout and improving shielding design.

[0025] S2: Process the interference signal and extract its characteristic parameters.

[0026] By amplifying, filtering, and demodulating the interference signal, irrelevant signal components are effectively filtered out, thereby accurately extracting key characteristic parameters such as frequency, amplitude, and phase of the interference signal, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent interference type identification and source analysis.

[0027] S3: Based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and the preset baseline, obtain the test results; the test results include the degree of interference of the interference signal to the vehicle antenna.

[0028] This system analyzes the interference of different environments on the antenna's operating frequency. By comparing the frequency of interfering signals with a preset baseline, it assesses the impact of interference on antenna performance and generates an interference assessment report, which is stored in the display and storage module. It can acquire interference signal data in real time and generate test results promptly, providing vehicle manufacturers and maintenance personnel with timely decision-making support. This helps to quickly resolve antenna interference issues and improve the stability of vehicle communication and navigation functions.

[0029] Furthermore, before acquiring the interference signal, the following steps are also included: Transmit test signals within a preset frequency range; Acquire the received signal generated by the vehicle-mounted antenna receiving the test signal; Determine whether the received signal is continuous in the time domain and covers different frequency bands within the preset frequency range in the frequency domain: If so, the vehicle-mounted antenna is considered to be working properly. If not, the vehicle-mounted antenna is determined to be malfunctioning.

[0030] Before acquiring interference signals, to rule out the possibility of misinterpreting the inability to receive signals due to a fault in the vehicle-mounted antenna itself as external interference, a self-test of the vehicle-mounted antenna is necessary. The specific procedure includes: transmitting a comb-shaped test signal with a frequency range of 1MHz to 6GHz, with a step size of 5MHz to 10MHz. The transmission frequency range can be adjusted to fully cover all vehicle-mounted antennas based on their receiving characteristics; if the frequency range is large (e.g., above 1GHz), the step interval can be appropriately increased to improve efficiency. Simultaneously, a corresponding preset baseline should be set according to the antenna's receiving characteristics as a critical reference for determining whether the antenna is operating normally.

[0031] Once the target vehicle-mounted antenna is set to receive, the system will amplify and filter the signal to suppress noise after the antenna receives the comb signal. Then, it will analyze the embedded feature identifiers (such as pseudo-random sequences) in the signal and generate the corresponding time-domain waveform and spectrum. The received signal curve will be displayed on the vehicle's large screen.

[0032] If the vehicle-mounted antenna can receive a continuous signal that fluctuates between different frequencies, and the signal fluctuation meets the preset baseline requirements, then the antenna is considered to be functioning normally; otherwise, it is considered to be malfunctioning. For example, if the vehicle-mounted antenna under test is a low-frequency antenna, then a low-frequency comb signal will be sent, and the vehicle-mounted antenna should also receive a low-frequency comb signal. If the vehicle-mounted antenna under test is a high-frequency antenna, then a high-frequency comb signal will be sent, and the vehicle-mounted antenna should also receive a high-frequency comb signal. The test results are illustrated in the diagram below, using low-frequency and high-frequency signals as examples. Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the blue curve represents the received signal generated by the vehicle-mounted antenna, and the red curve represents the preset baseline.

[0033] Furthermore, acquiring the interference signals received by the vehicle-mounted antenna includes: The vehicle-mounted antenna directly receives environmental interference signals. And / or, turn on the vehicle-mounted equipment and receive vehicle-mounted interference signals generated by the vehicle-mounted equipment via the vehicle-mounted antenna.

[0034] When testing interference signals in a vehicle's electrical system, two methods can be used: One method is to first turn on all vehicle equipment. If the antenna's received signal exceeds a preset baseline, then turn off each device one by one. If the antenna's reception function is normal after turning off a particular device, then the currently turned-off device is the source of interference. The other method is to turn on each device one by one and continuously monitor whether the antenna's received signal exceeds a preset baseline. If it does, then the currently turned-on device is interfering with the antenna. When testing environmental interference signals, vehicle equipment can be turned off. Alternatively, provided that the vehicle equipment does not interfere with the antenna, the vehicle can be moved to different external environments, such as city centers, suburbs, and underground parking lots, to measure the interference of different environments on the antenna.

[0035] The testing method described in this application supports direct reception of environmental interference signals and can also actively acquire vehicle interference signals by activating the onboard equipment, demonstrating strong adaptability to various scenarios. The two detection modes can be used independently or in combination, meeting the interference detection needs of vehicles in static testing, operational states, and different external environments, and comprehensively evaluating the antenna's performance in practical use.

[0036] Furthermore, the interference signal is processed to extract its characteristic parameters, including: The interference signal is amplified / attenuated and filtered to obtain a preprocessed signal; The preprocessed signal is decoded and analyzed to extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal.

[0037] Furthermore, the characteristic parameters include at least one or more of frequency, amplitude, and phase.

[0038] In processing the interference signal and extracting its characteristic parameters, the system first amplifies or attenuates the received original interference signal, performs power control, amplification or attenuation, and frequency selection on the signal received by the antenna to ensure reliable communication of the vehicle-mounted antenna in both in-vehicle and out-of-vehicle environments. Subsequently, a configurable filter is used to filter the signal, effectively suppressing out-of-band noise and interference components unrelated to the antenna's operating frequency band, thereby obtaining a pre-processed signal with a significantly improved signal-to-noise ratio. Based on this, the system uses an in-vehicle receiver or a dedicated RF decoder to decode and analyze the pre-processed signal, identifying and extracting key characteristic parameters that characterize the nature of the interference. These parameters include, but are not limited to, the center frequency of the interference, signal bandwidth, amplitude intensity, modulation method, and specific time-domain characteristics.

[0039] Through precise signal conditioning and in-depth analysis, the raw, mixed electromagnetic signals can be transformed into clean, quantifiable characteristic data. This prepares the system for accurately distinguishing different types of interference sources (such as narrowband noise in vehicle-mounted equipment systems and broadband pulse interference from the external environment). This not only significantly improves the accuracy of interference identification and classification, making subsequent interference level assessments more reliable, but also provides direct data support for locating interference sources and implementing targeted shielding or optimization measures. Consequently, it effectively enhances the diagnostic and analytical capabilities of the entire testing system in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0040] Furthermore, based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and a preset baseline, test results are obtained, including: Obtain the difference between the amplitude of the characteristic parameter waveform and the amplitude of the preset baseline at a preset time point; Based on the difference, test results are generated.

[0041] Because different vehicle-mounted antennas operate at different frequencies, their corresponding preset baselines for normal operation vary, as do their ranges of difference. During the test, the system acquires the amplitude of the characteristic parameters of the interference signal in real time and calculates the difference between it and the amplitude of the corresponding preset baseline. The magnitude of the difference is used to assess the degree of interference: the larger the difference, the more severe the interference, and a graded test result is generated accordingly.

[0042] To address the significant differences in operating frequencies among various vehicle-mounted antennas, a pre-defined baseline is established for each antenna, and a differentiated difference judgment mechanism is employed. This allows the testing system to flexibly adapt to multiple antenna types, enhancing the method's applicability and versatility. By calculating the difference between the characteristic parameter amplitude and the baseline in real time, the interference level is transformed into a quantifiable numerical indicator. The larger the difference, the more severe the interference, reducing human intervention and subjective judgment. This enables precise and objective classification of electromagnetic interference, effectively supporting the test conclusions.

[0043] This application also provides a testing system for vehicle-mounted antennas, which includes: 101: Data acquisition module, used to acquire interference signals received by the vehicle-mounted antenna, including vehicle-mounted interference signals generated by the vehicle-mounted equipment and / or environmental interference signals introduced by the external environment. Connect each antenna on the vehicle using RF cables, ensuring tight and compatible connectors to prevent signal leakage or poor contact. For example, for Bluetooth antennas, use low-loss coaxial RF cables whose characteristic impedance matches the input impedance of the Bluetooth antenna and signal processing module, typically 50 ohms.

[0044] 102: Signal processing module, which is used to process the interference signal and extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal.

[0045] 103: Control module, which is used to obtain test results based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and a preset baseline; the test results include the degree of interference of the interference signal to the vehicle antenna.

[0046] The control module and signal processing module are connected via a high-speed data transmission interface, such as USB 3.0 or Ethernet, to ensure fast and stable transmission of test commands and data. The control module also needs to connect to the vehicle's electrical system via the vehicle's CAN bus to control the system's operation and simulate the actual vehicle environment.

[0047] The control module dynamically schedules the operating mode of the vehicle-mounted antenna, coordinating whether the antenna is in a transmitting or receiving state; controls the operating / stopping state of the vehicle-mounted electrical system; and controls the activation and deactivation of the analog signal module.

[0048] The control module analyzes the interference of different environments on the antenna's operating frequency based on stored interference signal data from both in-vehicle and external environments. By comparing the interference signal frequency with the antenna's normal operating frequency range, it assesses the impact of interference on antenna performance and generates an interference assessment report, which is stored in the display and storage module.

[0049] The control module is equipped with specially developed test control software. The software features a user-friendly interface that can be operated via a touchscreen or an external keyboard and mouse. Parameters for each module can be set within the software; for example, the gain adjustment range for the signal processing module is 0-60dB, which can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual signal strength. Filter types include low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass filters, and the appropriate filter cutoff frequency can be selected based on test requirements.

[0050] Configure the driver for the signal processing module to ensure it works in conjunction with the control module and the vehicle antenna. The driver needs to be optimized for the characteristics of different antennas; for example, for a GPS antenna, optimize its ability to process weak signals.

[0051] Furthermore, it also includes: 100: Analog signal module, used to transmit test signals within a preset frequency range; The data acquisition module is also used to receive the test signal.

[0052] Transmit 1MHz-6GHz (adjustable range) radio frequency signals and receive them through the corresponding vehicle-mounted radio frequency antenna to confirm whether the working link and status of the entire test system are abnormal, and enable and disable relevant functions through the control module.

[0053] Furthermore, it also includes: 104: Display and storage module, used to display and store the test results. It displays the time-domain and frequency-domain waveforms decoded and analyzed by the vehicle-mounted receiver, adapts to relevant software, performs partial magnification of the test data (waveforms), confirms the problem frequency, and exports the test data through software and the vehicle's infotainment system (e.g., USB interface). The display and storage module connects to the control module via an HDMI or VGA interface for real-time display of test data and results. Simultaneously, the storage and display module is equipped with a large-capacity solid-state drive (SSD) to ensure the storage of a large amount of test data. Its storage capacity can be selected according to actual testing needs, such as 512GB, 1TB, or higher. Furthermore, the signal processing module includes: 1021: Signal conditioning submodule, which amplifies / attenuates and filters the interference signal to obtain a pre-processed signal. It includes antenna amplifiers / attenuators / signal filters, vehicle-mounted antenna system components, and performs power control (amplification / attenuation) and frequency selection on the signal received by the antenna to ensure reliable communication of the vehicle-mounted antenna in both in-vehicle and external environments.

[0054] 1022: Signal analysis submodule, which is used to decode and analyze the preprocessed signal to extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal. After the signal received by the antenna is preprocessed, the signal is decoded and analyzed to identify the characteristic identifiers in the interference signal, such as pseudo-random sequences, to distinguish between real signals and interference signals, and to generate the time-domain signal (waveform) and spectrum of the interference signal for analysis of the interference type. Finally, the generated signal waveform is displayed on the vehicle-mounted display.

[0055] This application also provides a vehicle equipped with the aforementioned vehicle-mounted antenna testing system. By embedding the testing system within the vehicle, rapid diagnosis of antenna interference can be achieved without relying on external testing equipment. This allows users to perform self-testing at any time during the vehicle's service life, significantly improving the convenience and timeliness of maintenance. Simultaneously, the system can accurately locate interference sources within the vehicle and assess external environmental interference, providing data support for the electromagnetic compatibility design and continuous optimization of the entire vehicle. This helps improve the communication reliability and system stability of the vehicle in complex electromagnetic environments. The vehicle can record and analyze the electromagnetic environment in different areas (such as urban areas and underground parking lots) during actual driving, helping to identify weak communication zones or high-risk interference scenarios, providing a basis for optimizing vehicle antenna performance and improving user communication experience.

[0056] The following example illustrates the testing process for this application: The test system is initialized through the control module, including setting the initial parameters of each module, such as the gain and filtering parameters of the signal processing module, as well as the selection and matching of the test antenna. After initialization, the result is displayed on the vehicle screen. Once initialization is complete, the system functions normally. If an initialization failure occurs, the user needs to check it until initialization is successfully completed.

[0057] The control module controls the analog signal module to actively transmit radio frequency signals. The transmitted comb signals have a frequency range of 1MHz-6GHz and a step of 5MHz-10MHz. After the receiving antenna receives the comb signals through different vehicle antennas (i.e., antennas of different frequencies), the received signal curve is displayed on the vehicle screen. The signal curve is used to determine whether the signal link between the receiving system and the display system is abnormal.

[0058] If the received signal curve is normal, in the test control software of the control module, select the "Vehicle Environment Test" mode and specify the antenna to be tested, such as a GPS antenna. Set the test parameters, the test duration to 15 minutes, and the signal sampling frequency to 20kHz to ensure that enough signal data can be collected.

[0059] The control module sends commands to the vehicle's electrical system to ensure that all its devices, including the engine, in-vehicle entertainment system, headlights, and windshield wipers, function normally, simulating the real electrical environment of a vehicle in motion.

[0060] The GPS antenna begins receiving interference signals from the vehicle environment. These interference signals are transmitted to the signal processing module via an RF cable. The signal processing module first amplifies the signal, automatically adjusting the gain based on the signal strength. Then, it uses a bandpass filter to remove interference signals unrelated to the GPS signal frequency range (around 1575.42MHz), followed by demodulation processing to extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signals, such as their frequency range, amplitude, and phase changes.

[0061] The control module transmits the interference signal data processed by the signal processing module to the display and storage module in real time. The display and storage module stores and displays the data in a combination of charts and numbers. The charts can intuitively show the change of the interference signal frequency over time, while the numbers accurately display the various characteristic parameters of the interference signal.

[0062] The vehicle was driven to different external environments, such as a busy urban center. In the test control software of the control module, the test antenna was switched to a 4G / 5G antenna, and the test parameters were reset. The test duration was changed to 10 minutes, and the signal sampling frequency was adjusted to 50kHz, because the 4G / 5G signal frequency is higher, requiring a higher sampling frequency to ensure signal accuracy.

[0063] The 4G / 5G antenna receives signals from the external environment, and the signal processing module performs a similar processing procedure to that used in in-vehicle environment testing. However, due to the complexity and diversity of interference sources in the external environment, the signal processing module may require more sophisticated filtering algorithms and adaptive gain adjustment techniques. For example, an adaptive filter could be used to automatically adjust the filter coefficients based on the real-time received signal conditions to better suppress interference.

[0064] The control module transmits the processed interference signal data from the external environment to the display and storage module for storage and comparative analysis. The display and storage module compares the current interference signal data from the external environment with the test data from the previous in-vehicle environment to visually present the differences in antenna interference caused by different environments.

[0065] The test control software in the control module has a built-in dedicated interference assessment algorithm. This algorithm analyzes the interference of different environments on the antenna's operating frequency based on interference signal data from both the in-vehicle and external environments stored in the display and storage module.

[0066] The algorithm first compares the frequency of the interfering signal with the normal operating frequency range of the antenna. For example, for a 4G / 5G antenna, its normal operating frequency range is within a specific frequency band. The algorithm will determine whether the frequency of the interfering signal falls within that frequency band and the degree to which the strength of the interfering signal affects the antenna's normal reception and transmission of signals.

[0067] Based on the analysis results, a detailed interference assessment report is generated. The report includes information such as the frequency distribution and intensity statistics of interference signals under different environments, and the level of impact on antenna performance (e.g., slight impact, moderate impact, severe impact). The assessment report is stored in the display storage module in PDF format and can be printed out for easy access by vehicle manufacturers and maintenance personnel.

[0068] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes the vehicle's existing onboard antenna for testing, eliminating the need for additional specialized testing antenna equipment and reducing testing costs. It can simultaneously test the interference of the in-vehicle environment and the external environment on the antenna operating frequency, and comprehensively evaluate the performance of the antenna in actual use. It can acquire interference signal data in real time and generate interference assessment reports in a timely manner, providing timely decision-making basis for vehicle manufacturers and maintenance personnel, helping to quickly resolve antenna interference problems and improve the stability of vehicle communication and navigation functions.

[0069] For example, after obtaining test results, vehicle manufacturers use computer-aided design (CAD) software to optimize the layout of the vehicle's electrical system based on the interference assessment report indicating the interference of the vehicle's electrical system to the antenna. For instance, if it is found that the interference signal generated by a component of the in-vehicle entertainment system has a significant impact on the GPS antenna, the relative position of that component and the GPS antenna can be adjusted in the CAD model to increase their distance and reduce electromagnetic coupling.

[0070] In actual production processes, shielding measures are added to electronic devices that are prone to generating strong interference signals. For example, metal shielding covers are installed on equipment such as vehicle inverters, and the grounding of the shielding covers is ensured to effectively block interference signals from radiating outward.

[0071] When a vehicle experiences communication or navigation malfunctions, maintenance personnel should first review the vehicle's interference assessment report. If the report indicates that a particular antenna is experiencing severe interference under specific environmental conditions, the maintenance personnel can preliminarily determine that the malfunction may be caused by antenna interference.

[0072] For antennas severely affected by interference, maintenance personnel can use specialized antenna testing equipment, such as a spectrum analyzer, to further test the antenna. If it is determined that the antenna performance has been affected by interference, a new antenna can be replaced. Simultaneously, based on the recommendations in the interference assessment report, the vehicle's electromagnetic environment should be optimized, such as checking the vehicle's grounding system for proper function and tightening any loose grounding cables to reduce electromagnetic interference.

[0073] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0074] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0075] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A test method for a vehicle-mounted antenna, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire interference signals received by the vehicle-mounted antenna, the interference signals including vehicle-mounted interference signals generated by the vehicle-mounted equipment and / or environmental interference signals introduced by the external environment; The interference signal is processed to extract its characteristic parameters; Based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and a preset baseline, test results are obtained; the test results include the degree of interference of the interference signal to the vehicle-mounted antenna.

2. The test method for vehicle-mounted antennas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Before acquiring the interference signal, the following steps are also included: Transmit test signals within a preset frequency range; Acquire the received signal generated by the vehicle-mounted antenna receiving the test signal; Determine whether the received signal is continuous in the time domain and covers different frequency bands within the preset frequency range in the frequency domain: If so, the vehicle-mounted antenna is considered to be working properly. If not, the vehicle-mounted antenna is determined to be malfunctioning.

3. The test method for vehicle-mounted antennas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Acquire interference signals received by the vehicle-mounted antenna, including: The vehicle-mounted antenna directly receives environmental interference signals. And / or, turn on the vehicle-mounted equipment and receive vehicle-mounted interference signals generated by the vehicle-mounted equipment via the vehicle-mounted antenna.

4. The test method for vehicle-mounted antennas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The interference signal is processed to extract its characteristic parameters, including: The interference signal is amplified / attenuated and filtered to obtain a preprocessed signal; The preprocessed signal is decoded and analyzed to extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal.

5. The test method for vehicle-mounted antennas as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic parameters include at least one or more of frequency, amplitude, and phase.

6. The test method for vehicle-mounted antennas as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and a preset baseline, test results are obtained, including: Obtain the difference between the amplitude of the characteristic parameter waveform and the amplitude of the preset baseline at a preset time point; Based on the difference, test results are generated.

7. A testing system for vehicle-mounted antennas, characterized in that, It includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire interference signals received by the vehicle-mounted antenna, the interference signals including vehicle-mounted interference signals generated by the vehicle-mounted equipment and / or environmental interference signals introduced by the external environment. A signal processing module is used to process the interference signal and extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal; The control module is used to obtain test results based on the characteristic parameters of the interference signal and a preset baseline; the test results include the degree of interference of the interference signal to the vehicle-mounted antenna.

8. The testing system for vehicle-mounted antennas as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Analog signal module, which is used to transmit test signals within a preset frequency range; The data acquisition module is also used to receive the test signal.

9. The testing system for vehicle-mounted antennas as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The signal processing module includes: The signal conditioning submodule is used to amplify / attenuate and filter the interference signal to obtain a preprocessed signal. The signal analysis submodule is used to decode and analyze the preprocessed signal and extract the characteristic parameters of the interference signal.

10. A car, characterized in that: It includes a test system for vehicle-mounted antennas as described in any one of claims 7 to 9.

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