All-climate self-heat-storage type seedling raising greenhouse based on crop seedling raising

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouses, and discloses an all-weather self-heat-storage type seedling raising greenhouse based on crop seedling raising, which comprises a double-layer shell assembly, the outer wall of the double-layer shell assembly is provided with a heat storage assembly, and the inner wall of the double-layer shell assembly is provided with a support frame. A control panel is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the supporting frame, and an irrigation assembly is arranged on the outer wall of the supporting frame. Internal and external heat exchange is blocked through the vacuum layer by utilizing the vacuum cavity, and the aluminum foil blades are driven by the driving motor to incline to the optimal heat absorption angle, so that solar energy can be efficiently captured, a water source of a water carrying layer can be rapidly heated, and sufficient energy reserve is provided for heat preservation at night; sunlight can be directly conducted into the greenhouse, sufficient illumination needed by seedling photosynthesis is ensured, the growth vigor of seedlings is improved, a plurality of aluminum foil blades can form a partition layer, and the temperature in the greenhouse can be maintained at night without additional heating equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of greenhouse technology, specifically to an all-weather self-heating seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] The all-weather self-storing seedling greenhouse is a new type of agricultural facility that integrates solar energy collection, storage and intelligent release functions. It realizes autonomous temperature regulation of the seedling environment, adapts to all-weather and all-season production needs, and is especially suitable for cold northern regions and environments with large temperature differences between day and night.

[0003] Traditional all-weather self-heating seedling greenhouses based on crop seedling raising have the following problems: Most greenhouses use single / double-layer films or traditional wall insulation, which easily leads to heat loss to the outside at night, causing large temperature fluctuations inside the greenhouse. In extreme low-temperature environments, additional heating equipment is needed to maintain the seedling temperature, which violates the core positioning of "self-heat storage". In addition, the heat storage carrier is singular, the heat storage density is low and the heat release is uneven. Because greenhouses mostly use single water walls, soil or phase change materials for heat storage, the heat storage density is low and the heat release process is not precisely controlled, which easily leads to the problem of "too fast heat release in the early stage and insufficient heat in the later stage", which cannot stably support the heat preservation needs throughout the night. Moreover, traditional all-weather self-storing seedling greenhouses based on crop seedling cultivation have low solar energy utilization rates. The collectors are fixedly installed between the greenhouse and the greenhouse, and the angle cannot be dynamically adjusted. The heat absorption angle is not optimal, which easily leads to low solar energy capture efficiency during the day and slow temperature rise of the heat carrier. Insufficient heat storage directly affects the heat preservation effect at night. In addition, because traditional greenhouses often use large-area shading heat absorption structures to improve heat absorption efficiency, the amount of light entering the greenhouse is insufficient. If the area of ​​the heat absorption structure is reduced, the heat absorption capacity will decrease, creating a contradiction of "heat absorption and light transmission cannot be achieved at the same time". It is impossible to meet the dual needs of seedling photosynthesis and heat storage and temperature rise at the same time. Meanwhile, the hot water storage bodies in traditional greenhouses (such as hot water storage walls and underground thermal storage tanks) are only used for heat release and insulation at night and are not linked with irrigation. Irrigation requires a separate water source and water supply equipment, which results in the water resource value of the hot water storage bodies not being fully utilized. The two sets of water supply increase equipment investment and operation and management costs. Moreover, the irrigation of traditional greenhouses is mostly fixed drip irrigation or flood irrigation, without reciprocating mobile irrigation design. The irrigation coverage is uneven, which easily leads to local drought or waterlogging. It lacks the function of dynamically adjusting the irrigation flow according to the moisture of the seedling substrate. Either insufficient irrigation affects seedling growth, or excessive irrigation leads to root rot, making it difficult to guarantee the survival rate of seedlings. Furthermore, when irrigating seedlings, it is necessary to use nutrient solution in conjunction with water. However, if the nutrient solution and water temperature are not matched, it can easily lead to root damage. In traditional greenhouses, nutrient solution is often supplied at room temperature or low temperature without utilizing the heat storage medium for preheating. Low-temperature nutrient solution (especially in winter) can stimulate seedling roots, reduce root activity, and even cause diseases such as damping-off and root rot. At the same time, low temperature can inhibit nutrient absorption, resulting in low fertilizer utilization and further increasing seedling costs. Therefore, improvements are needed to address the issues raised above. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a climate-controlled, self-heating seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling cultivation, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-heating greenhouse for crop seedling cultivation based on all-weather conditions, comprising a double-layer shell assembly, wherein the outer wall of the double-layer shell assembly is provided with a heat storage component, the inner wall of the double-layer shell assembly is installed with a support frame, the outer wall of the support frame is fixedly installed with a control panel, and the outer wall of the support frame is provided with an irrigation component.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a liquid storage tank is fitted onto the inner wall of the irrigation component, a lid is installed on the top of the liquid storage tank, a temperature sensor is fitted on the bottom of the lid, a water storage pipe is provided on the top of the irrigation component, a water pump is installed on the top of the water storage pipe, a water delivery pipe is installed on the top of the water pump, a fixing ring is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the water delivery pipe, a sliding rod is installed on the top of the fixing ring, mounting plates are installed at both ends of the sliding rod, an irrigation tank is installed at the bottom of the end of the water delivery pipe away from the water pump, a spray pipe is installed at the bottom of the irrigation tank, and a valve assembly is fitted onto the outer wall of the spray pipe.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a fixed slide rail is fixedly installed at one end of the support frame near the control panel; a lead screw slider is fixedly installed at both ends of the irrigation tank; a servo motor is installed on the top of one of the fixed slide rails; the power output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly fitted with the lead screw body; a limit rod is installed on the top of the other fixed slide rail; a back plate is installed at one end of the double-layer shell assembly; a fixing plate is installed at the other end of the double-layer shell assembly; and a water inlet is provided on the top of the double-layer shell assembly.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the water pump and the servo motor are both electrically connected to the control panel; a liquid level sensor is installed at the water inlet, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the water pump through the control panel; there are two lead screw sliders, and the two lead screw sliders are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the irrigation tank; one lead screw slider is threaded onto the outer wall of the lead screw body, and the other lead screw slider is threaded onto the outer wall of the limiting rod; the outer wall of the spray pipe is wrapped with heat insulation cotton; the bottom of the fixing ring is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the water supply pipe, and the top of the fixing ring is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the double-layer shell assembly includes a base, an insulation layer is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and the inner cavity of the insulation layer is provided with a hollow layer and a water-carrying layer respectively.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the inner wall of the hollow layer is a vacuum cavity, and the edges of the base, the insulation layer, the hollow layer and the water-carrying layer are all encapsulated with silicone weather-resistant sealant and aluminum alloy pressure strips. The insulation layer is made of polycarbonate. The inner wall of the water-carrying layer is connected to the inner wall of the water inlet. The outer wall of the water-carrying layer is made of high-density polyethylene, and the inner wall of the water-carrying layer is filled with softened water.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the heat storage component includes a drive motor, the power output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly equipped with a drive gear, one end of a transmission gear is meshed with the outer wall of the drive gear, and the other end of the transmission gear is meshed with a rotating gear, a shaft is fixedly equipped at the center of the rotating gear, aluminum foil blades are sleeved on the outer wall of the shaft, and a hollow channel is opened on the inner wall of the aluminum foil blades.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the number of rotating gears, shafts, and aluminum foil blades is several, and the several rotating gears, shafts, and aluminum foil blades are arranged in series along the shape of the fixed plate on the outer wall of the double-layer shell assembly. The drive motor and the control panel are electrically connected. The aluminum foil blades are located on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer, and the aluminum foil blades rotate on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer through the meshing of multiple rotating gears. The surface of the aluminum foil blades is coated with a high-absorption graphite coating. The inner wall of the hollow channel is filled with paraffin phase change material. The shaft is made of stainless steel.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the irrigation assembly includes a second water pump, one end of which is equipped with an inlet pipe and the other end of which is equipped with a suction pipe. A heat-insulating circulation layer is installed at the end of the inlet pipe away from the second water pump. An arc-shaped pipe is installed on the outer wall of the inlet pipe. A valve assembly two is fitted on the outer wall of the arc-shaped pipe. A valve assembly three is fitted on the outer wall of the end of the inlet pipe close to the heat-insulating circulation layer. A shut-off pipe is installed at the end of the arc-shaped pipe away from the heat-insulating circulation layer. A delivery pipe is fitted on the top of the shut-off pipe.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the valve assembly two and the valve assembly three are electrically connected to the temperature sensor through the control panel; the top of the delivery pipe is connected to the inner wall of the water storage pipe; the water pump two is electrically connected to the control panel; the end of the suction pipe away from the water pump two is embedded in the inner cavity of the water-carrying layer; the heat-insulating circulation layer is sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid storage tank; and the water pump two is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support frame.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This all-weather self-storing seedling greenhouse, based on crop seedling cultivation, utilizes a vacuum layer and vacuum chamber to block heat exchange between the inside and outside, achieving efficient and stable heat preservation and storage. The aluminum foil blades, driven by a motor, tilt to the optimal heat-absorbing angle to efficiently capture solar energy. The heat-absorbing material on the surface of the aluminum foil blades efficiently absorbs sunlight and converts it into heat energy, rapidly heating the water source in the water-carrying layer and providing sufficient energy reserves for nighttime insulation. Simultaneously, the gaps created by the tilted aluminum foil blades allow sunlight to be directly conducted into the greenhouse, resolving the contradiction of traditional greenhouses where shading is used to increase heat absorption. This ensures sufficient light for seedling photosynthesis, improving seedling growth. Furthermore, multiple aluminum foil blades can form a barrier layer, maintaining the greenhouse temperature at night without additional heating equipment. Compared to traditional greenhouses, this design is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, requiring no separate equipment and reducing water costs for seedling cultivation.

[0016] 2. This all-weather self-storing seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling cultivation can block more than 90% of the heat exchange between the inside and outside through the outer vacuum layer, which greatly reduces the heat loss of the water layer at night and avoids the problem of "heat storage during the day and rapid dissipation at night" in traditional greenhouses. Even if the outside temperature is extremely low, the temperature inside the greenhouse can still be maintained stably without the need for additional heating equipment, resulting in significant energy savings. At the same time, the water layer, as the core heat storage carrier, has a large specific heat capacity and high heat storage density. With the efficient heating of the heat storage components, the water temperature can be raised and stored stably during the day, while the water slowly releases heat at night, resulting in small temperature fluctuations inside the greenhouse. This provides a constant temperature growth environment for seedling cultivation and reduces the risk of low temperature stress.

[0017] 3. This all-weather self-storing heat-retaining seedling greenhouse, based on crop seedling cultivation, preheats the nutrient solution by introducing hot water from the water-carrying layer into the heat-insulating circulation layer through the inlet pipe after the second water pump is started. This stabilizes the irrigation water temperature at a suitable absorption temperature for the seedling roots, solving the problem of low-temperature nutrient solution irritating the roots and causing damping-off and root rot in winter. It improves the seedling survival rate and effectively avoids root damage caused by low-temperature nutrient solution. At the same time, the heat storage water source, which was originally only used for nighttime heat preservation, can be directly reused as an irrigation water source, eliminating the need for a separate irrigation water source and water supply equipment. This improves water resource utilization. Furthermore, the water tank is moved back and forth by the screw slider to spray water, and the water flow is controlled by the valve assembly. This achieves uniform irrigation of the seedling area, avoiding the problems of localized drought and waterlogging in traditional fixed irrigation, and improving the uniformity of seedling substrate moisture. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting frame structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-section structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal storage component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the slide bar structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation tank structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed slide rail structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation component structure of the present invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged structural diagram at point C.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Double-layer outer shell assembly; 2. Heat storage assembly; 3. Door panel; 4. Support frame; 5. Control panel; 6. Irrigation assembly; 7. Storage tank; 8. Tank lid; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Water storage pipe; 11. Water pump one; 12. Water delivery pipe; 13. Fixing ring; 14. Slide rod; 15. Mounting plate; 16. Irrigation tank; 17. Spray pipe; 18. Valve assembly one; 19. Fixed slide rail; 20. Lead screw slider; 21. Servo motor; 22. Lead screw body; 23. Limiting rod; 24. Back plate; 25. Fixing plate; 26. Water inlet; 101. Base; 102. Insulation layer; 103. Hollow layer; 104. Water-bearing layer; 201. Drive motor; 202. Drive gear; 203. Transmission gear; 204. Rotating gear; 205. Shaft; 206. Aluminum foil blade; 207. Hollow channel; 601. Water pump II; 602. Inlet pipe; 603. Insulated circulation layer; 604. Arc-shaped pipe; 605. Valve assembly II; 606. Valve assembly III; 607. Suction pipe; 608. Shut-off pipe; 609. Delivery pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 15 A self-heating greenhouse for crop seedling cultivation based on all-weather conditions includes a double-shell assembly 1, a heat storage assembly 2 on the outer wall of the double-shell assembly 1, a support frame 4 installed on the inner wall of the double-shell assembly 1, a control panel 5 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support frame 4, and an irrigation assembly 6 on the outer wall of the support frame 4.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment: a liquid storage tank 7 is sleeved on the inner wall of the irrigation component 6, a tank cover 8 is installed on the top of the liquid storage tank 7, a temperature sensor 9 is installed on the bottom of the tank cover 8, a water storage pipe 10 is provided on the top of the irrigation component 6, a water pump 11 is installed on the top of the water storage pipe 10, a water delivery pipe 12 is installed on the top of the water pump 11, a fixing ring 13 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the water delivery pipe 12, a slide rod 14 is installed on the top of the fixing ring 13, and mounting plates 15 are installed on both ends of the slide rod 14. An irrigation tank 16 is installed at the bottom of the end of the water delivery pipe 12 away from the water pump 11, a spray pipe 17 is installed at the bottom of the irrigation tank 16, and a valve assembly 18 is installed on the outer wall of the spray pipe 17.

[0023] In the above structure, the water pump 11 can be started by transmitting a signal through the control panel 5, and the water source inside the water storage pipe 10 can be drawn to the inner wall of the water delivery pipe 12 and delivered to the inner wall of the irrigation tank 16. During the reciprocating movement of the irrigation tank 16, due to the setting of the fixing ring 13 and the characteristics of the bottom of the fixing ring 13 being fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the water delivery pipe 12 and the top of the fixing ring 13 being slidably sleeved with the outer wall of the slide rod 14, and because the water delivery pipe 12 is made of PVC hose, the water delivery pipe 12 can be extended and retracted in a "V" shape without easily breaking, and the fixing ring 13 can limit the water delivery pipe 12.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment: a fixed slide rail 19 is fixedly installed at one end of the support frame 4 near the control panel 5; a lead screw slider 20 is fixedly installed at both ends of the irrigation tank 16; a servo motor 21 is installed on the top of one fixed slide rail 19; a lead screw body 22 is fixedly mounted on the power output shaft of the servo motor 21; a limit rod 23 is installed on the top of the other fixed slide rail 19; a back plate 24 is installed at one end of the double-layer shell assembly 1; a fixing plate 25 is installed at the other end of the double-layer shell assembly 1; a water inlet 26 is provided on the top of the double-layer shell assembly 1; and a door panel 3 is installed on the inner wall of the fixing plate 25.

[0025] In the above structure, the servo motor 21 can be started by transmitting a signal through the control panel 5, causing the lead screw body 22 to rotate. This allows the lead screw slider 20 to slide back and forth on the outer wall of the lead screw body 22, enabling the lead screw slider 20 to drive the irrigation box 16 to move back and forth on top of the seedling bed and irrigate the seedling bed through the water spray pipe 17. The water output of the water spray pipe 17 can be adjusted by the control valve assembly 18, and the humidity of the seedling substrate can be monitored by the humidity sensor installed on the inner wall of the double-layer shell assembly 1. When the humidity is suitable, a signal can be transmitted to stop its movement, effectively preventing excessive water spraying from damaging the seedlings.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment: the water pump 11 and the servo motor 21 are both electrically connected to the control panel 5. A liquid level sensor is installed at the water inlet 26, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the water pump through the control panel 5. There are two lead screw sliders 20, and the two lead screw sliders 20 are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the irrigation tank 16. One lead screw slider 20 is threaded onto the outer wall of the lead screw body 22, and the other lead screw slider 20 is sleeved onto the outer wall of the limiting rod 23. The outer wall of the spray pipe 17 is wrapped with heat insulation cotton. The bottom of the fixing ring 13 is fixedly sleeved onto the outer wall of the water supply pipe 12, and the top of the fixing ring 13 is slidably sleeved onto the outer wall of the slide rod 14.

[0027] In the above structure, when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level on the inner wall of the double-layer shell assembly 1 is low, the internal measuring element can be driven to change through magnetic coupling. After the liquid level signal is converted into an electrical signal output, the control panel 5 can activate the externally connected water pump to replenish the water source to the interior of the double-layer shell assembly 1 through the water inlet 26, ensuring the heat storage operation. Furthermore, due to the insulation cotton wrapped around the outer wall of the spray pipe 17, the freezing and cracking of the spray pipe 17 in winter can be effectively prevented.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment: the double-layer shell assembly 1 includes a base 101, and an insulation layer 102 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 101. The inner cavity of the insulation layer 102 is provided with a hollow layer 103 and a water-carrying layer 104.

[0029] In the above structure, the inner wall of the hollow layer 103 serves as a vacuum cavity with a vacuum degree ≤ 0.1 Pa. The base 101, insulation layer 102, hollow layer 103, and water-carrying layer 104 are all sealed with silicone weather-resistant sealant and aluminum alloy pressure strips, which ensures vacuum sealing and effectively extends their service life. Furthermore, because the insulation layer 102 is made of polycarbonate, it has high impact resistance, strong weather resistance, is easy to process into a vacuum cavity structure, and has excellent thermal insulation performance, effectively reducing the heat loss from the internal space of the base 101.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment: the inner wall of the hollow layer 103 is a vacuum cavity, and the edges of the base 101, the insulation layer 102, the hollow layer 103 and the water-carrying layer 104 are all encapsulated with silicone weather-resistant sealant and aluminum alloy pressure strips. The insulation layer 102 is made of polycarbonate. The inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104 is connected to the inner wall of the water inlet 26. The outer wall of the water-carrying layer 104 is made of high-density polyethylene, and the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104 is filled with softened water.

[0031] In the above structure, the vacuum layer of the hollow layer 103 can block more than 90% of the internal and external heat exchange, greatly reducing the heat loss of the water-carrying layer 104 at night, and avoiding the problem of "heat storage during the day and rapid dissipation at night" in traditional greenhouses. Even if the outside temperature is extremely low, the temperature inside the greenhouse can still be maintained stably without the need for additional heating equipment, resulting in significant energy savings. At the same time, the water-carrying layer 104, as the core heat storage carrier, has a large specific heat capacity and high heat storage density. Combined with the efficient heating of the heat absorption structure of the heat storage component 2, the water temperature on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104 can be raised and stored stably during the day, while the water slowly releases heat at night, resulting in small temperature fluctuations inside the greenhouse, providing a constant temperature growth environment for seedlings and reducing the risk of low temperature stress.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment: the heat storage component 2 includes a drive motor 201, the power output shaft of the drive motor 201 is fixedly equipped with a drive gear 202, the outer wall of the drive gear 202 is meshed with one end of a transmission gear 203, and the other end of the transmission gear 203 is meshed with a rotating gear 204, a shaft 205 is fixedly equipped at the center of the rotating gear 204, an aluminum foil blade 206 is sleeved on the outer wall of the shaft 205, and a hollow channel 207 is opened on the inner wall of the aluminum foil blade 206.

[0033] In the above structure, the angle of rotation of the drive motor 201 after starting is controlled by the control panel 5, which allows the aluminum foil blades 206 to be placed at different angles during the day and at night: Daytime mode heat absorption + light guiding: A light sensor is installed on the top of the double-layer shell assembly 1. When the control panel 5 receives the light sensor signal, it starts the drive motor 201 and rotates the drive gear 202. This causes the transmission gear 203 to drive multiple rotating gears 204 to rotate, so that the shaft 205 can drive multiple aluminum foil blades 206 to rotate to different angles. There are gaps between the aluminum foil blades 206, and this angle is maintained until evening. This allows the aluminum foil blades 206 to be at the optimal heat absorption angle, efficiently absorbing solar energy and transferring it to the water body on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104. This causes the water temperature to gradually increase, and the phase change material filled in the inner wall of the hollow channel 207 absorbs heat simultaneously, changing from solid to liquid to store latent heat. Nighttime mode insulation: When the light sensor detects a decrease in brightness at dusk, it will send a signal to the control panel 5 to start the drive motor 201. The drive gear 202 will drive the transmission gear 203 to rotate, causing multiple rotating gears 204 to drive the aluminum foil blades 206 to rotate 90 degrees. This will make the aluminum foil blades 206 close together without gaps, forming a "sealed heat insulation layer". This will reduce the heat loss of the water inside the water-carrying layer 104 through the gaps between the aluminum foil blades 206, thus improving the nighttime insulation effect. At the same time, as the outside temperature decreases, the water in the water-carrying layer 104 will release heat into the greenhouse through thermal radiation and thermal conduction. In addition, the phase change material filled in the inner wall of the hollow channel 207 will change from liquid to solid, releasing latent heat and maintaining the water temperature to decrease slowly. In extreme weather mode: When encountering extreme weather such as heavy rain or blizzard, the aluminum foil blade 206 can be rotated to 0° and then the two ends of the aluminum foil blade 206 can be horizontally attached to the inner wall of the cavity of the water-carrying layer 104, so as to effectively reduce wind resistance and snow pressure and protect the structural safety.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment: there are several rotating gears 204, shafts 205, and aluminum foil blades 206, and these rotating gears 204, shafts 205, and aluminum foil blades 206 are arranged in series on the outer wall of the double-layer shell assembly 1 along the shape of the fixing plate 25. The aluminum foil blades 206 are located on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104, and the aluminum foil blades 206 rotate on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104 through the meshing of multiple rotating gears 204. The drive motor 201 is electrically connected to the control panel 5, and the drive motor 201 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the double-layer shell assembly 1, and drives the aluminum foil blades 206 inside the water-carrying layer 104 through a sealed bearing. The surface of the aluminum foil blades 206 is coated with a high-absorption graphite coating, the inner wall of the hollow channel 207 is filled with paraffin phase change material, and the shaft 205 is made of stainless steel.

[0035] In the above structure, the drive motor 201 is started by transmitting a signal through the control panel 5, causing the drive gear 202 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the rotating gear 204 to rotate via the transmission gear 203. The multiple rotating gears 204 mesh with each other and, through the shaft 205, drive the aluminum foil blades 206 to adjust to different angles on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104. Because the surface of the aluminum foil blades 206 is coated with a high-absorption graphite coating, the heat absorption rate of the aluminum foil blades 206 is increased. This allows for efficient absorption of sunlight penetrating the insulation layer 102, converting solar energy into heat energy, which is then quickly conducted to the water in the water-carrying layer 104 through the aluminum foil blades 206, raising the water temperature. During this process, the phase change material filling the inner wall of the hollow channel 207 simultaneously absorbs heat and stores energy, preventing the water temperature from becoming too high. When the aluminum foil blades 206 are tilted, the gaps formed between adjacent aluminum foil blades 206 allow sunlight to directly penetrate the water-carrying layer 104 and enter the greenhouse, meeting the light requirements for seedling photosynthesis without the need for additional lighting equipment.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment: the irrigation assembly 6 includes a second water pump 601, one end of which is equipped with an inlet pipe 602 and the other end of which is equipped with a suction pipe 607. The end of the inlet pipe 602 away from the second water pump 601 is equipped with a heat-insulating circulation layer 603. An arc-shaped pipe 604 is installed on the outer wall of the inlet pipe 602. A second valve assembly 605 is assembled on the outer wall of the arc-shaped pipe 604. A third valve assembly 606 is assembled on the outer wall of the end of the inlet pipe 602 close to the heat-insulating circulation layer 603. A stop pipe 608 is installed on the end of the arc-shaped pipe 604 away from the heat-insulating circulation layer 603. A delivery pipe 609 is assembled on the top of the stop pipe 608.

[0037] In the above structure, the hot water source that was originally only used for nighttime heat preservation is directly reused as an irrigation water source, eliminating the need for a separate irrigation water source and water supply equipment. This improves water resource utilization and simplifies the layout of equipment inside the greenhouse. Furthermore, by using the 104 hot water in the water-carrying layer to preheat the nutrient solution, the irrigation water temperature is stabilized at a suitable absorption temperature for the seedling roots. This completely solves the problem of low-temperature nutrient solution irritating the roots in winter, causing damping-off and root rot, and improves the survival rate of seedlings.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment: valve assembly 2 605 and valve assembly 3 606 are electrically connected to temperature sensor 9 via control panel 5; the top of delivery pipe 609 is connected to the inner wall of water storage pipe 10; water pump 2 601 is electrically connected to control panel 5; the end of suction pipe 607 away from water pump 2 601 is embedded in the inner cavity of water-carrying layer 104; heat-insulating circulation layer 603 is sleeved on the outer wall of liquid storage tank 7; and water pump 2 601 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of support frame 4.

[0039] In the above structure, the control panel 5 sends a signal to start the second water pump 601, which draws hot water from the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104 to the inner wall of the inlet pipe 602 via the suction pipe 607. At this time, the second valve assembly 605 is closed and the third valve assembly 606 is open, allowing the hot water to enter the inner wall of the heat-insulating circulation layer 603 through the inlet pipe 602. After circulation, the hot water enters the inner wall of the storage pipe 10 through the delivery pipe 609 for storage. The hot water on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104 can then be used to preheat the nutrient solution on the inner wall of the storage tank 7 to a temperature suitable for seedling root absorption, effectively preventing the low-temperature nutrient solution from stimulating the roots. During the preheating process, the temperature sensor 9 can monitor the storage in real time. When the temperature of the inner wall of the liquid tank 7 is higher than the temperature suitable for seedling root absorption, the control panel 5 receives the temperature signal and issues a command to adjust the opening of valve assembly three 606 to reduce the flow rate into the heat preservation circulation layer 603 through the water inlet pipe 602. Simultaneously, it controls valve assembly two 605 to open, thereby guiding hot water through the arc pipe 604 to the delivery pipe 609. The hot water will then enter the inner wall of the delivery pipe 609 through the arc pipe 604 and be transported to the inner wall of the water storage pipe 10, so that the hot water can be used for subsequent irrigation. At the same time, reducing the water flow rate into the inner wall of the heat preservation circulation layer 603 through the water inlet pipe 602 can also keep the nutrient solution in the inner wall of the liquid storage tank 7 warm.

[0040] Working principle: When using this device, a light sensor is installed on the top of the double-layer shell assembly 1. When the control panel 5 receives the light sensor signal, the drive motor 201 is started and the drive gear 202 rotates. This causes the transmission gear 203 to drive multiple rotating gears 204 to rotate, so that the shaft 205 can drive multiple aluminum foil blades 206 to rotate to different angles. This creates uniform gaps between the aluminum foil blades 206 in an inclined state. Sunlight that is not absorbed by the aluminum foil blades 206 can be directly conducted into the greenhouse through the gaps, meeting the light requirements for seedling photosynthesis. The aluminum foil blades 206 are kept at this angle until evening, so that the aluminum foil blades 206 are at the optimal heat absorption angle, efficiently absorbing solar energy and transferring it to the water body on the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104. This causes the water temperature to gradually increase, and the phase change material filled in the inner wall of the hollow channel 207 absorbs heat simultaneously, changing from a solid state to a liquid state to store latent heat. Furthermore, sunlight penetrates the outer insulation layer 102, which blocks internal and external heat exchange and reduces heat loss during transit, before directly irradiating the surface of the aluminum foil blades 206. Due to the high-absorption graphite coating on the surface of the aluminum foil blades 206, they can quickly absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy, which is then transferred to the water source in the water-carrying layer 104 through heat conduction, causing the water temperature to gradually rise. At the same time, the warm water in the water-carrying layer 104 acts as an energy carrier, stably storing the absorbed heat energy, thus completing the conversion and storage of "solar energy to heat energy". After the light intensity weakens in the evening, the control panel 5 sends a signal to start the drive motor 201, which in turn drives the drive gear 202. This causes multiple aluminum foil blades 206 to rotate synchronously to a 90-degree angle and then close under the drive of the shaft 205. This reduces the heat loss from the water-carrying layer 104 to the outside through the gaps in the aluminum foil blades 206, forming an auxiliary heat insulation barrier. The warm water stored in the water-carrying layer 104 slowly releases heat into the greenhouse through both thermal radiation and thermal conduction. The outer insulation layer 102 effectively blocks the heat transfer from inside the greenhouse to the outside, preventing rapid heat loss and maintaining a stable temperature with minimal temperature fluctuations. Furthermore, the phase change material filling the inner wall of the hollow channel 207 changes from liquid to solid, releasing latent heat and maintaining a slow decrease in water temperature, providing a constant temperature guarantee for the seedlings' nighttime growth. The humidity of the seedling substrate is monitored by a humidity sensor installed on the inner wall of the double-layer outer shell assembly 1. When the humidity is lower than a set threshold, the control panel 5 sends a signal to start the second water pump 601. The second water pump 601 then transports the hot water stored in the water-carrying layer 104 through the suction pipe 607 and the inlet pipe 602 from the water-carrying layer 104 to the inner wall of the heat-insulating circulation layer 603. After circulation, the hot water enters the inner wall of the storage pipe 10 through the delivery pipe 609 for storage. The hot water in the inner wall of the water-carrying layer 104 can then be used to preheat the nutrient solution in the storage tank 7 to a temperature suitable for seedling root absorption. This effectively avoids the root system being stimulated by low-temperature nutrient solution. During the preheating process, the temperature sensor 9 can monitor the temperature of the inner wall of the storage tank 7 in real time. When the temperature is higher than that suitable for seedling root absorption, a signal can be emitted to adjust valve assembly 606 via control panel 5. This reduces the water flow rate entering the inner wall of the heat preservation circulation layer 603 through inlet pipe 602, and at this moment, valve assembly 605 is opened, allowing hot water to enter the inner wall of delivery pipe 609 through arc pipe 604 and then be transported to the inner wall of storage pipe 10. This hot water can be used for subsequent irrigation. At the same time, reducing the water flow rate entering the inner wall of heat preservation circulation layer 603 through inlet pipe 602 can also keep the nutrient solution in the inner wall of storage tank 7 warm. Furthermore, the warm water in water-carrying layer 104 preheats the nutrient solution, stabilizing the temperature of the mixed water and fertilizer, and effectively preventing the low-temperature nutrient solution from stimulating the root system. The preheated water enters the inner wall of the water storage pipe 10 through the delivery pipe 609 for storage. A signal is then transmitted via the control panel 5 to start the water pump 11, drawing water from the inner wall of the storage pipe 10 to the inner wall of the delivery pipe 12, and then delivering it to the inner wall of the irrigation tank 16. A signal is also transmitted via the control panel 5 to start the servo motor 21, causing the lead screw body 22 to rotate. This allows the lead screw slider 20 to reciprocate on the outer wall of the lead screw body 22, enabling the lead screw slider 20 to drive the irrigation tank 16 to reciprocate at the top of the seedling bed. Water is then sprayed onto the seedling bed through the spray pipe 17. The system can perform irrigation work and adjust the water output of the spray pipe 17 by controlling the valve assembly 18. The spray flow rate is adjusted according to the humidity data. The lower the humidity, the greater the flow rate. The humidity of the seedling substrate can be monitored by the humidity sensor installed on the inner wall of the double-layer shell assembly 1. When the humidity is suitable, a signal can be sent to stop its movement, which can effectively prevent the seedling from being damaged by excessive water spraying. This ensures that the irrigation coverage is uniform and there is no local drought or water accumulation. At the same time, when the humidity is suitable, a signal can be sent to stop its movement, which can effectively prevent the seedling from being damaged by excessive water spraying. It also avoids water accumulation in the pipeline from affecting the heat storage effect. During the operation of the device, the liquid level sensor on the top of the double-layer shell assembly 1 monitors the water level in real time. When the water level is lower than the set threshold, the water supply valve can be opened after the control panel 5 sends a signal to replenish the water source, ensuring sufficient water for heat storage and irrigation, thereby effectively ensuring the normal operation of heat storage and irrigation functions.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0042] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended technical solutions and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-heating, all-weather seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling raising, comprising a double-layer outer shell assembly (1), characterized in that: The outer wall of the double-layer shell assembly (1) is provided with a heat storage assembly (2), the inner wall of the double-layer shell assembly (1) is provided with a support frame (4), the outer wall of the support frame (4) is fixedly provided with a control panel (5), and the outer wall of the support frame (4) is provided with an irrigation assembly (6).

2. The full-climate self-heat accumulating type seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the irrigation assembly (6) is sleeved with a liquid storage barrel (7), the top of the liquid storage barrel (7) is provided with a barrel cover (8), the bottom of the barrel cover (8) is provided with a temperature sensor (9), the top of the irrigation assembly (6) is provided with a water storage pipe (10), the top of the water storage pipe (10) is provided with a water pump (11), the top of the water pump (11) is provided with a water delivery pipe (12), the outer wall of the water delivery pipe (12) is fixedly sleeved with a fixed ring (13), the top of the fixed ring (13) is provided with a sliding rod (14), both ends of the sliding rod (14) are provided with mounting plates (15), and the bottom of the end of the water delivery pipe (12) away from the water pump (11) is provided with an irrigation box (16). The bottom of the irrigation box (16) is provided with a water spraying pipe (17), and the outer wall of the water spraying pipe (17) is provided with a valve assembly (18).

3. The full-climate self-heat accumulating seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end of the support frame (4) close to the control panel (5) is fixedly provided with a fixed sliding rail (19), both ends of the irrigation box (16) are fixedly provided with a screw rod sliding block (20), the top of one of the fixed sliding rails (19) is provided with a servo motor (21), the power output shaft of the servo motor (21) is fixedly provided with a screw rod body (22), the top of the other fixed sliding rail (19) is provided with a limiting rod (23), one end of the double-layer shell assembly (1) is provided with a back plate (24), the other end of the double-layer shell assembly (1) is provided with a fixed plate (25), the top of the double-layer shell assembly (1) is provided with a water supplementing opening (26), and the inner wall of the fixed plate (25) is provided with a door plate (3).

4. The full-climate self-heat accumulating seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water pump (11) and the servo motor (21) are electrically connected with the control panel (5), a liquid level sensor is arranged at the water supplementing opening (26), and the liquid level sensor and the water filling pump are electrically connected through the control panel (5), the number of the screw rod sliding blocks (20) is two, and the two screw rod sliding blocks (20) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the irrigation box (16), one of the screw rod sliding blocks (20) is threadedly sleeved with the outer wall of the screw rod body (22), and the other screw rod sliding block (20) is sleeved with the outer wall of the limiting rod (23), the outer wall of the water spraying pipe (17) is wrapped with heat preservation cotton, the bottom of the fixed ring (13) is fixedly sleeved with the outer wall of the water delivery pipe (12), and the top of the fixed ring (13) is slidably sleeved with the outer wall of the sliding rod (14).

5. The full-climate self-heat-storing seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-layer shell assembly (1) comprises a base (101), the top of the base (101) is fixedly provided with a heat preservation layer (102), and the inner cavity of the heat preservation layer (102) is respectively provided with a hollow layer (103) and a water carrying layer (104).

6. A full-climate self-heat-storing seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the hollow layer (103) is a vacuum cavity, the edges of the base (101), the heat preservation layer (102), the hollow layer (103) and the water carrying layer (104) are packaged with silicone weatherproof sealant and aluminum alloy strip, the heat preservation layer (102) is made of polycarbonate, the inner wall of the water carrying layer (104) is communicated with the inner wall of the water replenishing opening (26), the outer wall of the water carrying layer (104) is made of high-density polyethylene, and the inner wall of the water carrying layer (104) is filled with softened water.

7. The full-climate self-heat-storing seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage assembly (2) comprises a driving motor (201), the power output shaft of the driving motor (201) is fixedly provided with a driving gear (202), one end of the outer wall of the driving gear (202) is engaged with a transmission gear (203), and the other end of the transmission gear (203) is engaged with a rotating gear (204), the center of the rotating gear (204) is fixedly provided with a shaft (205), the outer wall of the shaft (205) is sleeved with an aluminum foil blade (206), and the inner wall of the aluminum foil blade (206) is provided with a hollow channel (207).

8. A full-weather self-heat accumulating seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the rotating gear (204), the shaft (205) and the aluminum foil blade (206) is several, and the several rotating gears (204), shafts (205) and aluminum foil blades (206) are arranged in series on the outer wall of the double-layer shell assembly (1) along the shape of the fixed plate (25), the driving motor (201) is electrically connected with the control panel (5), the aluminum foil blade (206) is located in the inner wall of the water carrying layer (104), and the aluminum foil blade (206) rotates in the inner wall of the water carrying layer (104) through the engagement of the plurality of rotating gears (204), the surface of the aluminum foil blade (206) is sprayed with a high-absorption-rate graphite coating, the inner wall of the hollow channel (207) is filled with a paraffin phase change material, and the shaft (205) is made of stainless steel.

9. The full-climate self-heat-storing seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irrigation assembly (6) comprises a water pump two (601), one end of the water pump two (601) is provided with a water inlet pipe (602), the other end of the water pump two (601) is provided with a water suction pipe (607), one end of the water inlet pipe (602) away from the water pump two (601) is provided with a heat preservation circulation layer (603), the outer wall of the water inlet pipe (602) is provided with an arc-shaped pipe (604), the outer wall of the arc-shaped pipe (604) is provided with a valve assembly two (605), the outer wall of one end of the water inlet pipe (602) close to the heat preservation circulation layer (603) is provided with a valve assembly three (606), one end of the arc-shaped pipe (604) away from the heat preservation circulation layer (603) is provided with a cutoff pipe (608), and the top of the cutoff pipe (608) is provided with a conveying pipe (609).

10. The full-climate self-heat-storing seedling greenhouse based on crop seedling according to claim 9, characterized in that: Valve assembly two (605) and valve assembly three (606) are electrically connected with temperature sensor (9) through control panel (5), the top of conveying pipe (609) is communicated with the inner wall of water storage pipe (10), water pump two (601) is electrically connected with control panel (5), the end of water suction pipe (607) away from water pump two (601) is embedded in the inner cavity of water bearing layer (104), the heat preservation circulating layer (603) is sleeved on the outer wall of liquid storage barrel (7), and water pump two (601) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of support frame (4).

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