Safe overwintering method for pearl mussels cultured in cold region

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe overwintering method for culturing pearl mussels in a cold region, which comprises the following steps: step 1, before freezing, prolonging a connecting rope between a floating ball and a mesh bag so as to increase the hanging culture depth of the pearl mussels and enable the pearl mussels to be at the water level below the ice seal; 2, the pearl mussel culture mesh bag is divided into a plurality of cells, and piles are driven at the four vertex angle positions of each cell respectively to be higher than the water surface; thirdly, in each cell, a semi-purse net is arranged around the four piles; and step 4, drilling an ice hole in the center of each cell when the ice is 0.5-1.1 m, putting a bundle of medium which is matched with the ice hole in size and has pores into each ice hole, and completing gas exchange between the water body and the air through the pores of the medium. According to the method, no chemical reagent is introduced, no electric energy consumption is used, normal exchange of pearl mussel culture water is not affected, green cyclic utilization is achieved by adopting media such as corn straw, and the overwintering survival rate of pearl mussels reaches 98% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an aquaculture method, and more particularly to a method for the safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] Pearl mussel farming (mainly including the triangular sail mussel, the pleated crown mussel, the toothless dorsal mussel, and the pearl mother mussel, etc.) is an industry with significant economic and ecological benefits. At the same time, as highly efficient water-filtering organisms, pearl mussels play an irreplaceable ecological role in purifying water quality and preventing eutrophication.

[0003] Currently, pearl mussel farming primarily employs a suspended culture method at a depth of 40-50 cm below the water surface. This method uses floats to suspend net bags containing pearl mussels at this depth, aiming to maximize the utilization of sunlight and phytoplankton resources. However, this depth design exposes a fatal flaw in cold regions where winter ice can reach approximately 1 meter in thickness: the entire mussel body is situated within the ice layer, leading to physical compression and low-temperature stress during winter, resulting in the complete loss of the mussels. This is the fundamental reason why, despite abundant freshwater resources, cold regions have long been considered an "absolute no-go zone" for pearl mussel farming. Therefore, overcoming the survival bottleneck caused by winter ice has become one of the urgent problems to be solved in developing the cold-region pearl farming industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the safe overwintering of pearl mussels in cold regions, which solves the problem of the survival of pearl mussels in the environment of thick ice, and can simultaneously give full play to the ecological function of pearl mussels in purifying water quality, thereby improving economic and ecological benefits.

[0005] Technical solution: A method for the safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Before the water freezes in winter, extend the connecting rope between the float and the net bag to increase the depth of the pearl mussels and keep them in water below the ice level.

[0007] Step 2: Divide the pearl mussel farming net bag into multiple cells, and drive stakes into the four corners of each cell so that the stakes are higher than the water surface.

[0008] Step 3: In each cell, set up a semi-enclosed fence around the four stakes;

[0009] Step 4: When the ice is frozen to a depth of 0.5–1.1 m, drill an ice hole in the center of each cell and place a bundle of porous medium that matches the size of the ice hole into each ice hole. The gas exchange between the water and the air is completed through the pores of the medium.

[0010] Furthermore, in step one, the extension length of the connecting rope is 1.0–1.5 m, which increases the suspending depth of the pearl mussels to 1.2–1.7 m. The length of the connecting rope between the float and the net bag is usually 10–20 cm, and the suspending depth of the pearl mussels, including the height of the net bag, is usually 40–50 cm, which will increase to 1.2–1.7 m, keeping the pearl mussels in water below the ice level.

[0011] Furthermore, in step two, every 8 to 10 mesh bags form a single cell.

[0012] Furthermore, in step two, the top surface of the pile is 10–30 cm above the water surface.

[0013] Ideally, in step three, the semi-enclosed net is arranged above the stake, extending downwards from its top, with a net height of 0.5–1.5 m and a mesh size of 5–10 cm. By setting up the semi-enclosed net, the exchange of water below the ice surface can be ensured without being affected, and the ice blocks can be cut into cell sections in the early stages of ice melting to avoid the formation of large ice blocks. This prevents the floating of large ice blocks from disturbing or even dragging away the buoys and net bags of the pearl mussels.

[0014] Ideally, in step four, the diameter of the ice hole should be 20–50 cm.

[0015] Ideally, in step four, the medium is corn stalks. The pores in the corn stalks allow for gas exchange between the water and air, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the water.

[0016] By applying the above methods, pearl mussels can safely overwinter in cold regions, with an overwintering survival rate of over 98%.

[0017] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: it does not introduce any chemical reagents, consumes no electrical energy, and does not affect the normal exchange of water in pearl mussel farming, making it more environmentally friendly and ecologically beneficial. It utilizes media such as corn stalks to achieve green recycling, and the overwintering survival rate of pearl mussels is as high as 98% or more. This invention is not only a necessary step to fill the gaps in existing technologies, but also an urgent need to unlock the vast resources of cold-region waters and realize the strategic expansion of the pearl farming industry and the in-depth development of its ecological value. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] A method for safely overwintering pearl mussels cultured in cold regions, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0022] (1) On the eve of the winter freezing, the connecting rope 2 between the float 1 and the net bag 3 of the cold-weather culture of the pearl mussel is extended from the original 10 cm to 1.1 m. In this way, the hanging depth of the pearl mussel 4 (including the height of the net bag 3 of 20 cm) will increase to 1.3 m, so that the pearl mussel 4 is in the water level below the ice.

[0023] (2) Divide the net bags 3 used for pearl mussel farming into several cells, with eight net bags 3 forming one cell. Drive stakes 5 at the four corners of the cell, with the stakes 5 driven into the bottom mud 9 and the height of the stakes 5 exceeding the water surface by 10 cm; set up a semi-enclosure net 6 around the four stakes 5, that is, the enclosure net is only set up to a height of 0.8 m in the upper layer, with a mesh size of 5 cm. In this way, the water exchange 8 below the ice surface can be guaranteed to be unaffected, and the ice blocks can be cut into cells in the early stage of ice melting to avoid the formation of large ice blocks (the drifting of large ice blocks will disturb or even drag away the floats 1 and net bags 3 used for pearl mussel farming 4).

[0024] (3) When the ice is frozen to a depth of 0.5 to 1.1 m, drill a hole with a diameter of 20 to 50 cm in the middle of each cell and embed a bundle of corn stalks 7 of the corresponding size. Gas exchange between the water body 8 and the air can be achieved through the pores of the corn stalks 7, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the water body 8.

[0025] (4) By applying the above methods, the pearl mussels 4 can safely overwinter in cold regions, and the survival rate of pearl mussels 4 overwintering is as high as 98%.

[0026] Example 2:

[0027] A method for safely overwintering pearl mussels cultured in cold regions, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0028] (1) Before the ice forms in winter, extend the connecting rope between the float and the net bag of the pearl mussels cultured in cold regions from 15 cm to 1.3 m. In this way, the hanging depth of the pearl mussels (including the net bag height of 20 cm) will increase to 1.5 m, so that the pearl mussels are in water below the ice.

[0029] (2) Divide the pearl mussel farming net bags into several cells, with nine net bags forming one cell. Drive stakes at the four corners of the cell, with the stakes extending 20 cm above the water surface. Set up a semi-enclosed net around the four stakes, that is, only the upper 1 m of the net is set up, with a mesh size of 6 cm. In this way, the water exchange below the ice surface can be ensured without any impact, and the ice blocks can be cut into cells in the early stage of ice melting to avoid the formation of large ice blocks (the drifting of large ice blocks will disturb or even drag away the buoys and net bags of the pearl mussels).

[0030] (3) When the ice is 0.7 m deep, drill a 30 cm diameter hole in the middle of each cell and insert a bundle of corn stalks of the corresponding size. Gas exchange between the water and the air can be achieved through the pores of the corn stalks, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the water.

[0031] (4) By applying the above methods, the pearl mussels in cold regions can safely overwinter, and the survival rate of the pearl mussels during overwintering is as high as 99%.

[0032] Example 3:

[0033] A method for safely overwintering pearl mussels cultured in cold regions, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0034] (1) Before the ice forms in winter, extend the connecting rope between the float and the net bag of the cold-weather cultured toothless mussels from 20 cm to 1.5 m. In this way, the hanging depth of the pearl mussels (including the net bag height of 20 cm) will increase to 1.7 m, so that the pearl mussels are in water below the ice.

[0035] (2) Divide the pearl mussel farming net bags into several cells, with ten net bags forming one cell. Drive stakes at the four corners of the cell, with the stakes extending 30 cm (10-30 cm) above the water surface. Set up a semi-enclosed net around the four stakes, that is, only the upper 1.5 m of the net is set up, with a mesh size of 10 cm. In this way, the water exchange below the ice surface can be ensured without any impact, and the ice blocks can be cut into cells in the early stage of ice melting to avoid the formation of large ice blocks (the drifting of large ice blocks will disturb or even drag away the buoys and net bags of the pearl mussels).

[0036] (3) When the ice is 1.5 m thick, drill a 50 cm diameter hole in the middle of each cell and insert a bundle of corn stalks of the corresponding size. Gas exchange between the water and the air can be achieved through the pores of the corn stalks, thereby increasing the dissolved oxygen content in the water.

[0037] (4) By applying the above methods, the pearl mussels in cold regions can safely overwinter, and the survival rate of the pearl mussels during overwintering is as high as 99%.

Claims

1. A method for the safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: Before the water freezes in winter, extend the connecting rope between the float and the net bag to increase the depth at which the pearl mussels are suspended, so that the pearl mussels are in water below the ice level; Step 2: Divide the pearl mussel farming net bag into multiple cells, and drive stakes into the four corners of each cell so that the stakes are higher than the water surface; Step 3: In each cell, set up a semi-enclosed fence around the four stakes; Step 4: When the ice is frozen to a depth of 0.5–1.1 m, drill an ice hole in the center of each cell and place a bundle of porous medium that matches the size of the ice hole into each ice hole. The gas exchange between the water and the air is completed through the pores of the medium.

2. The method for safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the extension length of the connecting rope is 1.0 to 1.5 m, which can increase the hanging depth of the pearl mussels to 1.2 to 1.7 m.

3. The method for safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, each cell consists of 8 to 10 mesh bags.

4. A method for the safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the top surface of the pile is 10–30 cm above the water surface.

5. A method for the safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the semi-enclosed net is arranged on the upper part of the pile, extending downwards from its top, with a net height of 0.5 to 1.5 m and a mesh size of 5 to 10 cm.

6. A method for the safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the diameter of the ice hole is 20–50 cm.

7. A method for the safe overwintering of pearl mussels cultured in cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the medium is corn stalks.

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