Flower thrips attractant, attraction plate and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a flower thrip attractant, namely an attraction plate and application, and belongs to the technical field of biological prevention and control of agricultural insect pests. The attractant comprises trans, trans-farnesol acetate (2E, 6E)-farnesol acetate and paraffin oil, and is characterized in that the attractant is prepared from the following components: trans, trans-farnesol acetate (2E, 6E)-farnesol acetate and paraffin oil. The sunflower field implementation result shows that the attractant can remarkably attract the flower thrips to a sticky trap, so that the number of the flower thrips in the field is reduced. According to the method, forecasting and green prevention and control of the flower thrips can be achieved, use of other chemical pesticides can be reduced, and balance of the ecological environment can be kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological control of agricultural pests, specifically relating to a flower thrips attractant, attractant board, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Flower thrips Frankliniella intonsa It is an important agricultural pest, which mainly lays eggs and feeds on fruits and leaves, causing symptoms such as chlorosis, yellowing, and wilting of plant leaves, thus affecting plant growth and, in severe cases, reducing crop yield and quality.

[0003] Currently, the main method for controlling flower thrips is chemical control. A common method is to apply insecticides during the peak population period, but this has the following drawbacks: a. Difficulty in control: Flower thrips often hide in the flower buds and under the leaves of plants, and a single application of pesticide is often insufficient to achieve the desired control effect.

[0004] b. Disruption of the natural regulation of farmland ecosystems: While traditional chemical control methods have controlled pests to some extent, they also reduce the population of pollinating insects and lead to environmental pollution and pest resistance.

[0005] Volatile compounds (VOCs) in plants refer to the easily volatile small-molecule organic compounds released by plants through their leaves, fruits, or flowers during their growth process. These VOCs include terpenes, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and esters, and plants release specific VOCs at different stages of their growth. These VOCs directly affect the feeding, mating, and oviposition of herbivorous insects, playing a crucial role in their growth and development. Regulating insect populations through VOCs can not only effectively reduce insect populations but also decrease reliance on chemical pesticides, opening new avenues for sustainable agricultural development.

[0006] Therefore, it is particularly important to explore ways to efficiently control the population of flower thrips using plant volatile compounds without affecting pollinating insects or polluting the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a thrips attractant. By using (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate as the main component and paraffin oil as an auxiliary component, a volatile substance with an attractant effect on thrips is prepared. This makes the attractant's attraction to thrips much greater than that of traditional blue sticky traps, thereby avoiding the damage caused by thrips to crops.

[0008] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A flower thrips attractant comprising: trans, trans-farnesyl acetate (2E,6E) and paraffin oil.

[0009] Preferably, the concentration of (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate after dilution with paraffin oil is 60~90 μg / μL.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate after dilution with paraffin oil is 90 μg / μL.

[0011] The present invention also provides a flower thrips attractant board, wherein the attractant board is sprayed with the attractant described above.

[0012] Preferably, 1 ml of attractant is evenly sprayed onto the surface of a 20×25 cm attractant plate.

[0013] Preferably, the attractant plate is blue.

[0014] Preferably, the attractant plate is provided with an adhesive.

[0015] The present invention also discloses the use of the above-described attractant or attractant board in the control of thrips pests.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Based on the biological characteristics of flower thrips and through extensive field trials, this invention has been continuously improved and innovated, resulting in a unique sticky trap for attracting flower thrips. Because of its extremely significant attraction effect on flower thrips, it effectively controls the flower thrips population in sunflower fields while reducing the use of chemical reagents. The advantages of this technology are as follows: (1) The attractant used in this invention is unique to the volatiles of male flower thrips; this invention has verified its attraction effect both indoors and outdoors.

[0017] (2) After the attractant of the present invention is made, it is combined with ordinary sticky insect boards on the market, which significantly increases the attraction effect.

[0018] (3) The technology created by this invention can effectively control the population of flower thrips and reduce the use of pesticides in sunflower fields.

[0019] (4) The materials used in this invention are simple, readily available, and inexpensive.

[0020] In summary, the materials used in this invention are simple and readily available, and this invention effectively solves the problem of attracting thrips in sunflower fields. The method of use is simple and the control effect is significant. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1This is the result of the behavioral selection experiment of adult flower thrips in Example 1 regarding paraffin oil and air.

[0022] Figure 2 Example 5 illustrates the behavior of flower thrips in response to different concentrations of (2E, 6E)-farnesyl acetate.

[0023] Figure 3 Example 9 illustrates the field trapping effect of different concentrations of (2E, 6E)-farnesyl acetate.

[0024] Figure 4 The volatilization time of (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate in a sunflower field in Example 11.

[0025] Figure 5 Example 12 (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate was shown to be effective in controlling flower thrips in the field. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Example 1 (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate, known to attract thrips, was selected as the attractant and counted according to a concentration gradient. The concentrations of (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate diluted with paraffin oil were 1 μg / μL, 3 μg / μL and 6 μg / μL, respectively.

[0027] The specific steps for using attractants include: The attractant was prepared to the target concentration using the sustained-release paraffin oil, shaken well, and then sealed for testing.

[0028] Blank screening was conducted. Paraffin oil and air were used as blank selection reagents to determine that there was no significant difference in behavioral selection of flower thrips between paraffin oil and air. Then, adult flower thrips were subjected to behavioral selection with different concentrations of (2E, 6E)-farnesyl acetate attractant.

[0029] Blank experiment verification; The tactic behavior of adult flower thrips to (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate attractants was measured using a Y-shaped olfactometer. The Y-shaped olfactometer was made of colorless transparent glass with an inner diameter of 1 cm. Its base was a straight tube 7 cm long, and both arms were 6 cm long, with an angle of 75° between the arms. Before testing, the Y-shaped tube was connected to the odor source using silicone tubing of equal length. A QC-1B atmospheric sampler was used as the airflow propulsion system, and the odor source was connected to a vacuum pump. Before entering the odor source, the airflow passed through an activated carbon filter and a distilled water washing bottle to purify the airflow and increase its humidity. The gas flow rate was controlled at 200 mL / min. The atmospheric sampler was turned on and aeration was carried out for 10 minutes to allow the odor to fill the entire device. 50 μL of the volatile solution was taken as the odor source, and filter paper strips with drops of the volatile solution were placed on both arms of the Y-shaped tube. Then, a single-headed adult flower thrips was introduced into the olfactometer using a soft brush, and the insect's behavioral response was observed over 3 minutes. After 10 flower thrips made a selection, the two arms were rotated 180° along the interface arm connecting the flower thrips to avoid positional effects. When 20 flower thrips made a selection, all parts of the olfactory instrument were rinsed three times with 98% ethanol, followed by five rinses with distilled water. After rinsing, the instrument was individually wrapped in aluminum foil and baked in an oven at 120℃ for 2 hours before being removed for use. The entire testing process was conducted indoors at 26±1℃. To avoid uneven ambient light intensity affecting the flower thrips' tactic behavior, the olfactory instrument was placed inside a square box made of rebar, and the box was covered with black cloth (80cm×80cm×50cm). A 100W incandescent lamp was placed directly above the box to ensure uniform light intensity on both test arms.

[0030] The evaluation criteria are as follows: If a flower thrips chooses a location more than halfway along a sidewall and stays there for more than 30 seconds, or moves directly to the end of either arm, it is considered to have responded to the volatiles. If, within 3 minutes, the insect only hovers inside the tube wall or moves rapidly between the two arms, it is considered to have no significant preference for the volatiles, and it is removed and replaced with flower thrips that have been starved for the same period of time.

[0031] Figure 1 The results of the behavioral selection experiment of adult flower thrips on paraffin oil and air showed that there was no significant difference in the behavioral selection of adult flower thrips on paraffin oil and air.

[0032] Example 2 Preparation of thrips attractant: (1) Measure the solvent paraffin oil and the solute (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate; (2) Dissolve (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate in paraffin oil and mix evenly to prepare an attractant of 1 μg / μL.

[0033] Example 3 Preparation of thrips attractant: (1) Measure the solvent paraffin oil and the solute (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate; (2) Dissolve (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate in paraffin oil and mix evenly to prepare an attractant of 3 μg / μL.

[0034] Example 4 Preparation of thrips attractant: (1) Measure the solvent paraffin oil and the solute (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate; (2) Dissolve (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate in paraffin oil and mix evenly to prepare an attractant of 6 μg / μL.

[0035] Example 5 Experiment on the attraction effect of flower thrips attractants on flower thrips: Thrips attractants were prepared using the methods described in Examples 2, 3, and 4. The behavioral response of thrips to the attractant was measured using a Y-type olfactometer. The Y-type olfactometer was assembled according to the methods described in the examples. Before the experiment, 50 μL of a 1 μg / μL attractant solution was placed on a quantitative filter paper (2 cm long, 2 cm wide) and placed in a odor source bottle (650 mL); another 50 μL of a 3 μg / μL attractant solution was placed on a quantitative filter paper and placed in another odor source bottle. The tactical selection of thrips between concentrations of 1 μg / μL and 3 μg / μL was performed as in Example 1; the behavioral selection experiment of thrips at concentrations of 3 μg / μL and 6 μg / μL was measured using the same method. Finally, the attractant's effect on adult thrips was analyzed using statistical methods based on the measured results.

[0036] The results are as follows Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the data indicates that there is a significant difference in the number of selections of flower thrips at concentrations of 1 μg / μL and 3 μg / μL. The selection at the 3 μg / μL concentration is significantly greater than that at the 1 μg / μL concentration. However, there is no significant difference in the behavioral selection of flower thrips at concentrations of 3 μg / μL and 6 μg / μL. Therefore, it is determined that the 3 μg / μL concentration has a significant attraction effect on flower thrips.

[0037] Based on the optimal concentration of the attractant for flower thrips measured above in the room, the concentrations were increased by 10, 20, and 30 times, and the volatilization time of the three attractants in the sunflower field was first measured. Example 6 Preparation of thrips attractant: (1) Measure the solvent paraffin oil and the solute (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate; (2) Dissolve (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate in paraffin oil and mix evenly to prepare an attractant of 30 μg / μL.

[0038] Example 7 Preparation of thrips attractant: (1) Measure the solvent paraffin oil and the solute (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate; (2) Dissolve (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate in paraffin oil and mix evenly to prepare an attractant of 60 μg / μL.

[0039] Example 8 Preparation of thrips attractant: (1) Measure the solvent paraffin oil and the solute (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate; (2) Dissolve (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate in paraffin oil and mix evenly to prepare an attractant of 90 μg / μL.

[0040] Example 9 Experiment on the optimal concentration of thrips attractant in sunflower fields: Thrips attractants were prepared using the methods described in Examples 6, 7, and 8. For each concentration in the three examples, 4 ml of the attractant was prepared at once and mixed thoroughly. This mixture was then evenly sprayed onto the surface of 20×25 cm blue sticky insect traps, with 1 ml sprayed onto each trap, for a total of four traps. When sunflowers were in full bloom, 3-meter-long bamboo poles were inserted into the sunflower field, and the traps sprayed with the attractant were hung on the poles using fishing line. The hanging height of the traps was always 15 cm above the flower heads. Four traps with the attractant sprayed on their surfaces were hung for each concentration, and the number of thrips on the traps was counted after 7 days.

[0041] Experimental results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, the number of flower thrips on sticky insect boards with (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate attractant at a concentration of 90 μg / μL (430.75±14.17 thrips / board) was significantly higher than that at concentrations of 60 μg / μL (318.75±36.45) and 30 μg / μL (219.50±11.03).

[0042] Example 10 Preparation of thrips attractant: (1) Weigh the solvent paraffin oil and the solute (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate; (2) Dissolve (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate in paraffin oil and mix well to prepare 28 ml of an attractant with a concentration of 90 μg / μL.

[0043] Example 11 An experiment on the effect of thrips attractant on the volatilization time in sunflower fields: Using the method of Example 10, 28 ml of thrips attractant was prepared. The attractant was evenly sprayed onto the surface of 20×25 cm blue sticky insect boards, with 1 ml of the prepared attractant sprayed onto each board, for a total of 28 boards. 28 control boards were prepared by removing only the protective film from the surface; no other treatment was performed. The attractant-sprayed sticky boards were suspended using the method of Example 9. Four prepared attractant-sprayed sticky boards were randomly suspended in a sunflower field, while four untreated sticky boards were randomly suspended in other experimental areas as controls. The remaining 24 attractant-sprayed sticky boards and 24 control boards were placed indoors at the same temperature and humidity as the sunflower field, with good ventilation. After 24 hours, four attractant-sprayed sticky boards and four control boards were randomly selected from each group to replace the sticky boards in the sunflower field. The number of thrips on the sticky boards was statistically analyzed in the laboratory until the number of thrips on the control group was no longer significantly different from that on the treatment group.

[0044] Experimental results are as follows Figure 4 As shown, (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate (2E,6E farnesyl acetate) attractant combined with sticky insect boards can attract flower thrips for up to 6 days.

[0045] Example 12 Experiment on the attraction effect of flower thrips attractants on flower thrips The thrips attractant was prepared using the method described in Example 10. Based on the experimental results of Example 11, 4 mL of (E,E)-farnesyl acetate at a concentration of 90 μg / μL was prepared. This was used to prepare insect-attracting boards as described in Example 9, which were then hung in sunflower fields. According to the volatilization time in Example 11, the boards were replaced every 6 days, and the number of thrips attracted on both the control group sticky boards and the attractant sticky boards was counted. This experiment was repeated three times.

[0046] The results are as follows Figure 5As shown in the figure, the data indicates that in all three experiments, the number of flower thrips attracted to the insect-attracting boards treated with attractants was significantly higher than that in the control group. During the flowering period of sunflower R6, the number of thrips attracted by (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate insect-attracting boards was 5129.00 ± 561.81 thrips / board, which was significantly higher than the control group (2582.00 ± 461.86 thrips / board). During the flowering period of sunflower R7, the number of thrips attracted by (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate insect-attracting boards was 8497.00 ± 1304.07 thrips / board, which was significantly higher than the control group (4704.67 ± 296.41 thrips / board). During the flowering period of sunflower R8, the number of thrips attracted by (2E,6E)-farnesyl acetate insect-attracting boards was 5179.00 ± 193.12 thrips / board, which was still significantly higher than the control group (2978.00 ± 371.55 thrips / board).

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention in any form or substance. Any modifications, alterations, and variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention using the disclosed technical content are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, and variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thrips attractant, characterized in that, The attractant comprises: trans, trans-farnesyl acetate (2E, 6E)-farnesyl acetate and paraffin oil.

2. The flower thrips attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the dilution of (2E, 6E)-farnesyl acetate with paraffin oil is 60-90 μg / μL.

3. The flower thrips attractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the dilution of (2E, 6E)-farnesyl acetate with paraffin oil is 90 μg / μL.

4. A flower thrips attractant panel characterized by, The attractant of any one of claims 1-3 is sprayed on the attractant plate.

5. A flower thrips attractant panel according to claim 4, characterised in that, 1 ml of the attractant is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the attractant plate with a size of 20x25 cm.

6. A flower thrips attractant panel according to claim 4, wherein, The attractant plate is blue.

7. A flower thrips attractant panel according to claim 4, wherein The attractant plate is provided with an adhesive.

8. Use of the attractant of any one of claims 1-3 or the attractant plate of any one of claims 4-7 in the control of thrips insect pests.

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