Cream for removing scars and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a scar-removing cream and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cosmetic preparation. Raw materials of the cream comprise 10-30 parts of monostearic acid, 2-6 parts of vaseline and the like, a core is 5-10 parts of a composite exosome polypeptide microcapsule, the cream is prepared by mixing a composite exosome and the polypeptide microcapsule according to a ratio of 5: 1 and wrapping the mixture with beta-cyclodextrin, and the composite exosome and the polypeptide microcapsule have specific components and preparation modes. The preparation method comprises five steps of raw material treatment and mixing. The composition has the advantages of high safety and outstanding effects in the aspects of oxidation resistance, scar removal, antibiosis and stability, can meet the requirements of consumers, and has a good application prospect, and penetration is enhanced by a delivery system through a multi-effect synergistic mechanism, and activity is guaranteed by a process. The composition has outstanding effects in the aspects of oxidation resistance, scar removal, antibiosis and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of cosmetic preparation technology, specifically relating to a scar-removing cream and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Scars are fibrotic lesions caused by an imbalance in collagen metabolism during the tissue repair process following injuries such as trauma, surgery, burns, or inflammation. Common types of scars include hypertrophic scars, atrophic scars, and keloids. They not only affect the appearance of the skin but may also be accompanied by functional impairments such as itching and pain, seriously impacting the patient's quality of life.

[0003] Currently, common scar removal products on the market mainly fall into the following categories: Silicone-based preparations: such as silicone gels and silicone patches, which improve scar texture and color by keeping scar tissue moist and regulating collagen synthesis, but they are slow to take effect and have limited effectiveness in controlling pigmentation and inflammation. Traditional Chinese medicine extracts: such as Centella asiatica and aloe vera, which have certain anti-inflammatory and healing-promoting effects, but their components have poor stability and low transdermal absorption efficiency, making it difficult to achieve multi-target synergistic treatment. Chemical peels and laser treatments: such as chemical peels and fractional lasers, while improving scar appearance, require high operational skills, are expensive, and involve certain irritation and recovery periods, making them unsuitable for long-term daily use. Topical ointments and creams: most products are based on a single active ingredient and lack systematic intervention targeting multiple aspects of scar formation (such as persistent inflammation, abnormal collagen deposition, and active melanin), resulting in limited treatment effects. Existing products also have significant shortcomings in the stability, skin penetration, and bioavailability of active ingredients, making it difficult to achieve ideal multi-effect synergistic effects in scar repair.

[0004] Therefore, developing a scar-removing cream with multiple repair mechanisms, stable active ingredients, good transdermal absorption, high safety, and convenient use has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the limitations of existing scar removal products, such as the stimulation of traditional drugs, persistent inflammatory responses, and lack of multi-target synergistic effects, this application provides a scar removal cream and its preparation method. Through the synergistic effect of polypeptide microcapsules and complex exosomes, it effectively improves erythema and pigmentation, inhibits scar hyperplasia, and suppresses the expression of key pro-fibrotic factors. Compared to traditional drugs, it is less irritating and has higher safety; compared to chemical peels and laser treatments, it is convenient to use, requires no professional operation, and is less expensive, better meeting consumers' demand for highly effective, safe, and gentle scar removal products.

[0006] This application provides a scar-removing cream, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts mono- and hard fatty acids, 2-6 parts petrolatum, 5-10 parts polysorbate 80, 2-8 parts glycerin, 0.2-0.8 parts polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, 0.1-0.5 parts sorbic acid, 5-10 parts complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules, and 100-200 parts purified water.

[0007] Preferably, the composite exosome polypeptide microcapsules are prepared by mixing composite exosomes and polypeptide microcapsules at a mass ratio of 5:1 and encapsulated by β-cyclodextrin. The polypeptide microcapsules are a mixture of lentil polypeptide and rosemary microcapsule extracts encapsulated in a double layer by sodium alginate and chitosan.

[0008] Preferably, the composite exosome is obtained by mixing a trichosanthes-like exosome complex and a spinach exosome complex at a mass ratio of 1:1, wherein the trichosanthes-like exosome complex is obtained by encapsulating trichosanthes-like exosomes with phosphatidylethanolamine, and the spinach exosome complex is obtained by encapsulating spinach exosomes with distearate phosphatidylcholine.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the trichosanthes exosomes to phosphatidylethanolamine is 1:2.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the spinach exosomes to distearate phosphatidylcholine is 1:2.

[0011] This application also provides a method for preparing a scar-reducing cream, the preparation comprising the following steps: (1) Heat the total amount of mono-hard fatty acids, petrolatum, and polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether to 70±5℃, stop heating, continue to heat the material temperature until it stabilizes, keep it warm and stir until completely melted, and pass it through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain processed product A. (2) Mix three-quarters of the purified water and glycerin and heat. Stop heating when the temperature reaches 72±5℃. When the material temperature reaches 80±2℃, add half of the polysorbate 80. Continue to heat the material until it stabilizes. Keep it warm and stir until completely dissolved. Pass it through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain processed product B. (3) Mix treatment A and treatment B at a temperature of 75-80°C for 10-15 minutes to obtain mixture I; (4) Mix the composite exosome polypeptide microcapsules with the other half of the polysorbate 80, then disperse them in the remaining purified water, heat the temperature to 40±2℃ and stop heating, continue to heat the material temperature until it stabilizes, keep warm and disperse for 1 to 3 minutes, and pass through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the processed product C. (5) Cool mixture I to 60±3℃ and heat treatment material C to 60±2℃, then mix the two together. Mix at 2000r / min for 10-15min, maintain 60±3℃ and homogenize once at 25r / min for 10-15min, maintain the same temperature and speed for a second homogenization for 10-20min, pass through a 150-mesh sieve, cool, and package to obtain scar removal cream.

[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing the composite exosome polypeptide microcapsules is as follows: (1) Preparation of polypeptide microcapsules: 1) Core material emulsification: Dissolve lentil peptides (purity ≥95%) and rosemary microcapsule extract in purified water at a mass ratio of 3:1, add 0.1% Tween 80, and homogenize (10000 rpm, 2 min) to form a uniform emulsion; 2) Preparation of sodium alginate solution: Dissolve 2% sodium alginate in purified water at 60℃ and stir until completely transparent; 3) Preparation of primary microspheres: The core material emulsion and sodium alginate solution are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:3 and then spray-dried (inlet 180℃, outlet 80℃) to form gel microspheres; 4) Outer chitosan coating: Chitosan solution preparation: Dissolve 1% chitosan in 1% acetic acid solution, filter to remove insoluble matter; 5) Double-layer coating: Immerse sodium alginate microspheres in a chitosan solution (pH adjusted to 5.0–5.5), stir magnetically for 30 min, and the chitosan is electrostatically adsorbed (by the -COO group of sodium alginate). - With chitosan's -NH3 + (Combined) to form an outer membrane; 6) Curing and cleaning: Adjust the pH to 6.5 with 0.1M NaOH solution and cure for 10 min. Collect the microspheres by centrifugation, wash three times with purified water and freeze-dry to obtain powdered polypeptide microcapsules. (2) Preparation of complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules: 1) Mix the composite exosomes and peptide microcapsules at a mass ratio of 5:1, add PBS solution, and centrifuge at 300 rpm for 10 min with magnetic stirring to form a homogeneous suspension; then add 0.2% of Tween 80 by mass of the suspension and sonicate (300W power, 3 min time, 10 s interval) to obtain a composite core material dispersion. 2) Preparation of β-cyclodextrin solution: Take β-cyclodextrin, add purified water at 60℃, stir to dissolve until the mass concentration is 5%~8%, keep warm (60±2℃) and stir for 30min until completely transparent, pass through a 150-mesh sieve to remove insoluble matter, and obtain β-cyclodextrin solution; 3) Encapsulation reaction: The composite core material dispersion and β-cyclodextrin solution were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:2 and placed in a constant temperature water bath (45±2℃). The mixture was then magnetically stirred and centrifuged at 300 rpm for 2 h. During this period, the pH of the system was adjusted to 5.5-6.0 every 30 min with 1 mol / L HCl to promote the hydrophobic interaction between the cyclodextrin cavity and the core material. 4) Microcapsule solidification: After the reaction is complete, slowly add 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution to adjust the pH of the system to 7.0-7.2, continue stirring and centrifuge at 200 pm for 15 min to solidify; then centrifuge at 8000 x g for 15 min and collect the precipitate; 5) Washing and purification: Resuspend the precipitate in purified water, vortex mix for 30 seconds, centrifuge at 8000xg for 10 minutes, and discard the supernatant; repeat washing 3 times to remove free β-cyclodextrin and uncoated core material; 6) Drying treatment: The purified microcapsules were placed in a freeze dryer, the vacuum degree was set to ≤10Pa, the temperature was 50±5℃, and the drying was carried out for 24h to obtain powdered cyclodextrin-encapsulated complex exosomes and peptide microcapsules, which were then sealed and stored at 4℃.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the rosemary microcapsule extract is as follows: (1) Raw material pretreatment: Select fresh basil plants that are free from pests, diseases and mold, wash off the soil, dust and other impurities on their surface with clean water, crush them and pass them through a 40-60 mesh sieve to obtain basil powder. (2) Extraction: The basil powder and 75% ethanol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10 and placed in an ultrasonic extractor. The ultrasonic power was set to 200-400W, the temperature to 40-60℃, and the extraction time to 30-60min to obtain a crude extract of rosemary extract. (3) Separation and purification: The crude extract of rosemary extract is filtered through filter paper to obtain a clear crude extract of rosemary extract. The crude extract is placed in a membrane separation device at a temperature of 20-40℃ and a pressure of 0.1-0.5MPa to allow small molecules of rosmarinic acid to pass through a semi-permeable membrane to form a permeate. The permeate is concentrated at 40-60℃ under reduced pressure to remove the ethanol solvent and obtain a purified concentrated extract of rosemary extract. (4) Drying: The purified rosemary extract concentrate is placed in freeze drying to directly sublimate the water in the solution, thus preserving the active ingredients and structure of the rosemary extract. The dried product is the rosemary extract extracted from basil. (5) Rosemary microcapsule extract: Mix corn starch and rosemary extract evenly, add 10% to 20% water, and gelatinize by extrusion at a temperature of 120 to 150°C and a pressure of 5 to 10 MPa to gelatinize the corn starch molecules and entangle the rosemary extract molecules. After the extrudate is cooled, it is crushed into granules to obtain rosemary microcapsule extract.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the composite exosome is as follows: (1) Trichosanthes-like exosome complex: 1) Exosome extraction: Fresh Trichosanthes kirilowii was homogenized and extracted using density gradient centrifugation to obtain Trichosanthes kirilowii exosomes; 2) Phosphatidylethanolamine encapsulation: Trichosanthes exosomes and phosphatidylethanolamine were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:5, magnetically stirred at 40°C for 2 hours, and free phosphatidylethanolamine was removed by ultrafiltration (100kDa cutoff) to obtain the Trichosanthes exosome complex, which was then lyophilized and stored. (2) Spinach exosome complex: 1) Exosome extraction: Ultrafiltration centrifugation was used. Fresh spinach was placed in a juicer, phosphate buffer was added, and the juice was extracted. The juice was centrifuged sequentially at 4°C: 1500xg for 20 min, 3000xg for 30 min, and 10000xg for 60 min. The supernatant was collected after each centrifugation to remove large particles and cell debris. The supernatant was filtered through a sterile membrane with a 1 μm diameter, and the filtrate was collected. The liquid was poured into an ultrafiltration cup equipped with a 100 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane and ultrafiltered at 1400 rpm. When the volume of filtrate in the receiving tube reached 1 / 2 of the total liquid volume, ultrafiltration was stopped, and the filtrate was collected. The filtrate collected in the previous step was poured into an ultrafiltration cup equipped with a 3 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane and ultrafiltered at 1400 rpm. When the volume of liquid in the ultrafiltration cup was reduced to 2 / 3 of the total liquid volume, the filtrate in the ultrafiltration cup was collected and freeze-dried to obtain spinach exosomes. 2) Liposome encapsulation: Distearate phosphatidylcholine was dissolved in chloroform, and after rotary evaporation to form a membrane, exosome PBS solution was added (hydration at 50℃ for 30 min), and the membrane was extruded through a 200 nm polycarbonate membrane to obtain spinach exosome complex; (3) Mixing of exosomes: Mix the two exosome complexes at a mass ratio of 1:1, vortex to mix, and store at 4°C.

[0015] Preferably, the density gradient centrifugation method is as follows: the pericarp tissue of the purchased Trichosanthes kirilowii is extracted and juiced. The juice is centrifuged at 1000xg for 10 min and the supernatant is collected. The supernatant is centrifuged at 3000xg for 40 min and the supernatant is collected again. The obtained supernatant is then centrifuged at 10000xg for 60 min to obtain a supernatant free of cell debris, organelles and other large particles. The supernatant is then ultracentrifuged at 150000xg for 70 min. The precipitate is resuspended in PBS. The suspension is then ultracentrifuged at 150000xg for 2 h in PBS containing a gradient of sucrose (8%, 30%, 45%, 60%). The 45% and 60% interfacial bands are collected as the extracted exosomes.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments in this application are as follows: (1) Inhibit scar hyperplasia at the molecular level. The compound exosome polypeptide microcapsules can significantly inhibit the expression of TGF-β1, a key factor in promoting fibrosis, reduce excessive collagen deposition, optimize collagen composition, increase the COL3A1 / COL1A1 ratio, and promote the normalization and repair of skin structure. (2) Improves scar color, smoothness and overall appearance, and effectively enhances skin's antioxidant level; (3) Significantly inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria. In the antibacterial experiment, the cream in the example showed outstanding inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, with a colony count as low as 30-32 CFU / cm². It also showed excellent inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, with a colony count of only 5-8 CFU / cm², which is close to the number of normal skin flora. It maintains the stability of the skin microecology. The experimental group using the cream had no erythema or pustules and their skin was in normal condition. It effectively prevented skin problems caused by bacterial infection and created a good environment for skin repair. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 Line graph showing the cumulative release of unencapsulated rosemary extract from Example 1 of this application at different time points.

[0018] Figure 2 Line graph showing the cumulative release of rosemary extract encapsulated in Example 1 of this application at different time points.

[0019] Figure 3 Line graph showing the cumulative release of the Trichosanthes kirilowii exosome complex at different time points in Example 2 of this application.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of spinach exosome extraction for Example 2 of this application.

[0021] Figure 5 Line graph showing the cumulative release of spinach exosome complex prepared in Example 2 of this application at different time points.

[0022] Figure 6 Line graph showing the cumulative release of the polypeptide microcapsules prepared in Example 3 of this application at different time points.

[0023] Figure 7 Line graph showing the cumulative release of the composite exosome polypeptide microcapsules prepared in Example 3 of this application at different time points.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a bar chart showing the results of the Staphylococcus aureus test in Example 1 of this application.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a bar chart showing the results of Escherichia coli in Test Example 1 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The reagents and equipment used in the embodiments of this disclosure are all conventional and commercially available.

[0028] Preparation Example 1 Preparation of Rosemary Microcapsule Extract (1) Raw material pretreatment: Select fresh basil plants that are free from pests and diseases and mold, wash off the soil, dust and other impurities on their surface with clean water, crush them and pass them through a 40-60 mesh sieve to obtain basil powder. (2) Extraction: The basil powder and 75% ethanol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10 and placed in an ultrasonic extractor. The ultrasonic power was set to 400W, the temperature to 58℃, and the extraction time to 30min to obtain a crude extract of rosemary extract. (3) Separation and purification: The crude extract of rosemary extract is filtered through filter paper to obtain a clear crude extract of rosemary extract. It is placed in a membrane separation device at a temperature of 30°C and a pressure of 0.3MPa. The small molecules of rosemary extract permeate through the semi-permeable membrane to form a permeate. The permeate is concentrated at 60°C under reduced pressure to remove the ethanol solvent and obtain a purified concentrated rosemary extract. (4) Drying: The purified rosemary extract concentrate was freeze-dried. Pre-freezing: Pre-freezing was performed at -80℃ for 2 hours to completely freeze the solution into a solid, obtaining a frozen solid. Sublimation drying: The frozen solid was transferred to a freeze-drying chamber, and a vacuum pump was started to achieve a high vacuum state in the freeze-drying chamber (vacuum degree 100 Pa), at -10℃ for 12 hours, removing 70% of the moisture. Desorption drying: After sublimation drying, desorption drying was performed to remove the remaining moisture at 38℃ for 16 hours, allowing the moisture to evaporate completely. The active ingredients and structure of the rosemary extract were preserved. The dried product is the rosemary extract extracted from basil. Release rate determination: In vitro release simulation experiment: A dialysis bag was used to simulate the dynamic environment of the skin surface. Samples were taken at regular intervals (every 50, 100, 150, and 200 minutes), with 2 mL of medium removed each time and an equal amount of fresh medium added simultaneously (maintaining a constant total volume). The concentration of active ingredients in the sampled medium was detected by HPLC, and the cumulative release at different time points was calculated. A "time-release" curve was plotted as shown in the figure. Figure 1 As shown; Rosemary microcapsule extract: Corn starch and rosemary extract were mixed evenly, 10% water was added, and the mixture was gelatinized by an extruder at a temperature of 120℃ and a pressure of 10MPa to gelatinize the corn starch molecules and entangle them with the rosemary extract molecules. After the extrudate was cooled, it was crushed into granules to obtain the rosemary microcapsule extract; Determination of encapsulation rate: A certain amount of wet rosemary microcapsules were taken and repeatedly washed with distilled water. The washing liquid was collected, and the rosemary content in the solution was determined, which is the rosemary content ρ1 on the surface of the microcapsules. A certain amount of wet microcapsules were ground and the cell walls were broken. An appropriate amount of distilled water was added, and the mixture was sonicated to completely dissolve and break the cell walls. The mixture was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was collected. The rosemary content in the solution was determined, which is the total rosemary content ρ2 of the microcapsules. The encapsulation efficiency Y (%) was calculated using the following formula: Y = (1 - ρ1 / ρ2) × 100%, resulting in an encapsulation efficiency of 73.07%. Sustained-release rate determination: In vitro release simulation experiment: A dialysis bag was used to simulate the dynamic environment of the skin surface. Samples were taken at regular intervals (every 50, 100, 150, and 200 minutes). 2 mL of medium was removed each time, and an equal amount of fresh medium was added simultaneously (maintaining a constant total volume). The concentration of the active ingredient in the removed medium was detected by HPLC, and the cumulative release at different time points was calculated. A "time-release" curve was plotted as shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0029] Preparation Example 2 Preparation of complex exosomes (1) Trichosanthes-like exosome complex: 1) Exosome extraction: Fresh Trichosanthes kirilowii pericarp tissue was juiced. The juice was centrifuged at 1000xg for 10 min and the supernatant was collected. The supernatant was centrifuged at 3000xg for 40 min and the supernatant was collected again. The supernatant was then centrifuged at 10000xg for 60 min to obtain a supernatant free of cell debris, organelles and other large particles. The supernatant was ultracentrifuged at 150000xg for 70 min and the precipitate was resuspended in PBS. The suspension was ultracentrifuged at 150000xg for 2 h in PBS containing a sucrose gradient (8%, 30%, 45%, 60%). The 45% and 60% interfacial bands were collected as the extracted Trichosanthes kirilowii exosomes. 2) Observation of the morphology and size of Trichosanthes exosomes using transmission electron microscopy: Trichosanthes exosomes were adsorbed using a copper mesh, stained with uranium acetate, and then observed using transmission electron microscopy. The transmission electron microscopy showed that the extracted Trichosanthes exosome vesicles were saucer-shaped, with a particle size between 50 and 150 nm. The protein concentration of Trichosanthes exosomes was quantified to be 358 μg / mL using a BCA protein detection kit. 3) Detection of particle size and distribution of Trichosanthes kirilowii exosomes using a nanoparticle size analyzer and a nanoparticle tracking analyzer: Following the instrument instructions, the particle size, distribution, and abundance of Trichosanthes kirilowii exosomes were detected using a nanoparticle size analyzer and a nanoparticle tracking analyzer. The results from the nanoparticle tracking analyzer, nanoparticle size analyzer, and transmission electron microscopy were consistent, all indicating that the particle size of Trichosanthes kirilowii exosomes was between 50-150 nm, with a particle concentration of approximately 1.3 × 10⁻⁶. 11 cells / mL; 4) Phosphatidylethanolamine Encapsulation: Trichosanthes kirilowii exosomes and phosphatidylethanolamine were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:5, and 1.5 times the volume of PBS buffer was added. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 40°C for 2 hours. The stirred mixture was then transferred to an ultrafiltration apparatus equipped with a 100 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane for ultrafiltration. Ultrafiltration removed the smaller free phosphatidylethanolamine molecules, while the Trichosanthes kirilowii exosome complex encapsulated by phosphatidylethanolamine was retained. The resulting Trichosanthes kirilowii exosome complex was collected and lyophilized. The encapsulation efficiency was calculated to be 78.1%. The release rate curve is shown below. Figure 3 As shown; (2) Spinach exosome complex: 1) Exosome extraction: Weigh 200g of fresh spinach, wash it clean, put it into a juicer, add 100mL of phosphate buffer and juice it, collect the spinach juice and discard the vegetable pulp; centrifuge the juice sequentially at 4℃: 1500xg for 20min, 3000xg for 30min, and 10000xg for 60min, collect the supernatant after each centrifugation and remove large particles and cell debris; filter the supernatant through a sterile filter membrane with a filter diameter of 1m and collect the filtrate. The above liquid was poured into an ultrafiltration vessel equipped with a 100 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane and ultrafiltered at 1400 rpm. Ultrafiltration was stopped when the volume of filtrate in the receiving tube reached half of the total liquid volume, and the filtrate was collected. The collected filtrate was then poured back into an ultrafiltration vessel equipped with a 3 kDa molecular weight cutoff membrane and ultrafiltered at 1400 rpm. When the volume of liquid in the ultrafiltration vessel decreased to two-thirds of the total liquid volume, the filtrate was collected and freeze-dried to obtain spinach exosomes. Figure 4 As shown; 2) Protein content determination: Protein concentration was quantified using the BCA protein assay kit. 100 mg of spinach exosomes were resuspended in 2 mL of PBS, protein lysis buffer was added, and the mixture was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 20 min. The protein supernatant was collected. It was determined that 12.2 g of lyophilized spinach exosome powder could be extracted from each kilogram of spinach; the protein content in 100 mg of spinach exosomes was 3.2 mg. 3) Lipid content determination: 1g of spinach exosomes were weighed onto filter paper, placed in a Soxhlet extractor, and extracted continuously with petroleum ether for 2 hours. After evaporation to dryness, the extract was placed in an oven to dry for 30 minutes. After cooling, the lipid content was obtained by weighing. The lipid content in 100mg of spinach exosomes was determined to be 0.5mg. 4) Nucleic acid content determination: Spinach exosomes (100 mg) were resuspended in 0.2 mL PBS, 1 mL Trizol reagent was added, and RNA was extracted using an RNA extraction kit (QIAGEN). The RNA concentration was determined using a micro spectrophotometer. The nucleic acid content in 100 mg spinach exosomes was 15 μg. 5) Spinach exosomes (100 mg) were resuspended in 1 mL PBS, diluted 20-fold, and filtered through a 0.22 μm filter. The particle size and concentration of the spinach exosomes were measured using NTA (NTA 3.4). NTA software parameters were set as follows: frame rate 25 frames / s, 30 s, camera horizontal setting 9, and laser selection Blue488. Spinach exosomes (100 mg) were resuspended in 0.2 mL PBS. 10 μL of the sample was dropped onto a 300-mesh copper grid with a support membrane, allowed to stand for 15 min, and then stained with 2% phosphotungstic acid for 1 min. Excess liquid was absorbed from the edge of the droplet with filter paper, allowed to dry, and TEM imaging was performed. NTA data showed that the concentration of spinach exosome particles in the sample was 7.4 × 10⁻⁶.7 The number of particles per mL was normally distributed. TEM images showed that the spinach exosomes were cup-shaped vesicles with a double membrane structure. 5) Liposome Encapsulation: Disteazylethiocarbamate (disteazylethiocarbamate) was dissolved in chloroform at twice its volume as spinach exosomes and then rotary evaporated. As the chloroform evaporated, a uniform thin film of disteazylethiocarbamate formed on the container wall. A PBS solution containing spinach exosomes (5 times its volume of PBS solution) was added, and the container was placed in a 50°C water bath for hydration for 30 minutes. The film gradually dispersed in the PBS solution, forming liposomes and encapsulating the spinach exosomes. The hydrated mixture was then transferred to an extruder and extruded through a 200nm polycarbonate membrane. Extrusion resulted in more uniform liposome particle size, improving the stability and uniformity of the spinach exosome complex. The final spinach exosome complex was obtained, with an encapsulation rate of 80.1%. The release rate curve is shown below. Figure 5 As shown; (3) Mixing of exosomes: Mix the two exosome complexes at a mass ratio of 1:1, vortex to mix, and store at 4°C.

[0030] Preparation Example 3 Preparation of complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules (1) Preparation of polypeptide microcapsules: 1) Core material emulsification: Dissolve lentil peptides (purity ≥95%) and rosemary microcapsule extract in purified water at a mass ratio of 3:1, add 0.1% Tween 80, and homogenize (10000 rpm, 2 min) to form a uniform emulsion; 2) Preparation of sodium alginate solution: Dissolve 2% sodium alginate in purified water at 60℃ and stir until completely transparent; 3) Preparation of primary microspheres: The core material emulsion and sodium alginate solution are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:3 and then spray-dried (inlet 180℃, outlet 80℃) to form gel microspheres; 6) Outer chitosan coating: Chitosan solution preparation: Dissolve 1% chitosan in 1% acetic acid solution, filter to remove insoluble matter; 4) Double-layer coating: Immerse sodium alginate microspheres in a chitosan solution (pH adjusted to 5.0-5.5), stir magnetically for 30 minutes, and the chitosan is electrostatically adsorbed (by the -COO group of sodium alginate). - With chitosan's -NH3 + (Combined) to form an outer membrane; 5) Curing and Cleaning: Adjust the pH to 6.5 with 0.1M NaOH solution and cure for 10 min. Centrifuge to collect the microspheres, wash three times with purified water, and freeze-dry to obtain powdered polypeptide microcapsules. The encapsulation efficiency was calculated to be 82.5%. The release rate curve is shown below. Figure 6 As shown; (2) Preparation of complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules: 1) Mix the composite exosomes and peptide microcapsules at a mass ratio of 5:1, add PBS solution, and centrifuge at 300 rpm for 10 min with magnetic stirring to form a homogeneous suspension; then add 0.2% of Tween 80 by mass of the suspension and sonicate (300W power, 3 min time, 10 s interval) to obtain a composite core material dispersion. 2) Preparation of β-cyclodextrin solution: Take β-cyclodextrin, add purified water at 60℃, stir to dissolve until the mass concentration is 5%~8%, keep warm (60±2℃) and stir for 30min until completely transparent, pass through a 150-mesh sieve to remove insoluble matter, and obtain β-cyclodextrin solution; 3) Encapsulation reaction: The composite core material dispersion and β-cyclodextrin solution were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:2 and placed in a constant temperature water bath (45±2℃). The mixture was then magnetically stirred and centrifuged at 300 rpm for 2 h. During this period, the pH of the system was adjusted to 5.5-6.0 every 30 min with 1 mol / L HCl to promote the hydrophobic interaction between the cyclodextrin cavity and the core material. 4) Microcapsule solidification: After the reaction is complete, slowly add 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution to adjust the pH of the system to 7.0-7.2, continue stirring and centrifuge at 200 pm for 15 min to solidify; then centrifuge at 8000 x g for 15 min and collect the precipitate; 5) Washing and purification: Resuspend the precipitate in purified water, vortex mix for 30 seconds, centrifuge at 8000xg for 10 minutes, and discard the supernatant; repeat washing 3 times to remove free β-cyclodextrin and uncoated core material; 6) Drying treatment: The purified microcapsules were placed in a freeze dryer, with a vacuum degree ≤10 Pa and a temperature of 50±5℃, and dried for 24 h to obtain powdered cyclodextrin-encapsulated complex exosomes and peptide microcapsules. After sealing, they were stored at 4℃. The encapsulation rate was calculated to be 85.5%, and the release rate curve was plotted as follows. Figure 7 As shown.

[0031] Example 1 Preparation of scar removal cream (1) Raw material formula (by weight): monostearate: 20 parts; petrolatum: 4 parts; polysorbate 80: 8 parts; glycerin: 5 parts; polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether: 0.5 parts; sorbic acid: 0.3 parts; complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules: 8 parts (prepared according to the method of preparation example 3); purified water: 150 parts; (2) Preparation steps: 1) Preparation of treatment product A: Mix the total amount of mono-hard fatty acid, petrolatum, and polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, heat to 70°C and then stop heating. After the material temperature stabilizes (75°C), keep it warm and stir until completely melted. Pass it through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain treatment product A. 2) Preparation of treatment product B: Take 112.5 parts of purified water (three-quarters of the total purified water volume) and mix with glycerin. Heat to 72°C and then stop heating. When the material temperature rises to 80°C, add 4 parts of polysorbate 80 (half of the total volume), keep warm and stir until completely dissolved, and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain treatment product B. 3) Preparation of mixture I: Mixture A and mixture B were mixed at 78°C for 12 min to obtain mixture I; 4) Preparation of treatment product C: Mix 8 parts of the complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules with the remaining 4 parts of polysorbate 80, disperse in 37.5 parts of purified water (balance), heat to 40℃ and then stop heating. After the temperature stabilizes, keep warm and disperse for 2 min, and pass through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain treatment product C. 5) Preparation of the cream: Cool mixture I to 60°C, heat treatment material C to 60°C and mix them together, stirring at 2000 r / min for 12 min; keep at 60°C, homogenize once at 25 rpm for 12 min, and homogenize twice at the same temperature and speed for 15 min; pass through a 150-mesh sieve, cool to room temperature and then package to obtain the scar removal cream.

[0032] Example 2 Preparation of scar-reducing cream (low-dose active ingredient group) (1) Raw material formula (by weight): monostearate: 10 parts, petrolatum: 2 parts, polysorbate 80: 5 parts, glycerin: 2 parts, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether: 0.2 parts, sorbic acid: 0.1 parts, complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules: 5 parts, purified water: 100 parts; (2) Preparation steps: 1) Preparation of processed product A: Same as in Example 1; 2) Preparation of processed product B: Same as in Example 1; 3) Preparation of mixture I: Mixture A and mixture B are kept at 75°C for 10 min to obtain mixture I; 4) Preparation of processed product C: Same as in Example 1; 5) Preparation of the cream: Cool mixture I to 60°C, heat treatment material C to 60°C and mix them together, stirring at 2000 r / min for 12 min; keep at 60°C, homogenize once at 25 rpm for 10 min, and homogenize twice at the same temperature and speed for 10 min; pass through a 150-mesh sieve, cool to room temperature and then package to obtain the scar removal cream.

[0033] Example 3 Preparation of scar-reducing cream (high-dose active ingredient group) (1) Raw material formula (by weight): monostearate: 30 parts, petrolatum: 6 parts, polysorbate 80: 10 parts, glycerin: 8 parts, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether: 0.8 parts, sorbic acid: 0.5 parts, complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules: 10 parts, purified water: 200 parts; (2) Preparation steps: 1) Preparation of processed product A: Same as in Example 1; 2) Preparation of processed product B: Same as in Example 1; 3) Preparation of mixture I: Mixture A and mixture B are mixed at 80°C for 15 min to obtain mixture I; 4) Preparation of processed product C: Same as in Example 1; 5) Preparation of the cream: Cool mixture I to 60°C, heat treatment material C to 60°C and mix them together, stirring at 2000 r / min for 12 min; keep at 60°C, homogenize once at 25 rpm for 15 min, and homogenize twice at the same temperature and speed for 20 min; pass through a 150-mesh sieve, cool to room temperature and then package to obtain the scar removal cream.

[0034] Example 4 Preparation of scar-reducing cream (rosemary microcapsule extract) (1) Raw material formula (by weight): monostearate: 20 parts; petrolatum: 4 parts; polysorbate 80: 8 parts; glycerin: 5 parts; polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether: 0.5 parts; sorbic acid: 0.3 parts; rosemary microcapsule extract: 8 parts (prepared according to the method of preparation example 1); purified water: 150 parts; (2) Preparation steps: 1) Preparation of processed product A: Same as in Example 1; 2) Preparation of processed product B: Same as in Example 1; 3) Preparation of Mixture I: Same as in Example 1; 4) Preparation of treatment C: Mix 8 parts of rosemary microcapsule extract with the remaining 4 parts of polysorbate 80, disperse in 37.5 parts of purified water (balance), heat to 40℃ and then stop heating. After the temperature stabilizes, keep warm and disperse for 2 minutes, and pass through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain treatment C. 5) Preparation of the cream: Same as in Example 1.

[0035] Example 5 Preparation of scar-reducing cream (complex exosomes) (1) Raw material formula (by weight): monostearate: 20 parts; petrolatum: 4 parts; polysorbate 80: 8 parts; glycerin: 5 parts; polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether: 0.5 parts; sorbic acid: 0.3 parts; complex exosomes: 8 parts (prepared according to the method of preparation example 2); purified water: 150 parts; (2) Preparation steps: 1) Preparation of processed product A: Same as in Example 1; 2) Preparation of processed product B: Same as in Example 1; 3) Preparation of Mixture I: Same as in Example 1; 4) Preparation of treatment product C: Mix 8 parts of composite exosomes with the remaining 4 parts of polysorbate 80, disperse in 37.5 parts of purified water (balance), heat to 40℃ and then stop heating. After the temperature stabilizes, keep warm and disperse for 2 minutes, and pass through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain treatment product C. 5) Preparation of the cream: Same as in Example 1.

[0036] Comparative Example Preparation of scar removal cream (1) Raw material formula (by weight): monostearate: 20 parts; petrolatum: 4 parts; polysorbate 80: 8 parts; glycerin: 5 parts; polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether: 0.5 parts; sorbic acid: 0.3 parts; purified water: 150 parts; (2) Preparation steps: 1) Preparation of processed product A: Same as in Example 1; 2) Preparation of processed product B: Same as in Example 1; 3) Preparation of Mixture I: Same as in Example 1; 4) Preparation of treatment product C: Mix the remaining 4 parts of polysorbate 80 and disperse them in 37.5 parts of purified water (the remainder). Heat to 40°C and then stop heating. After the temperature stabilizes, keep warm and disperse for 2 minutes. Pass through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain treatment product C. 5) Preparation of the cream: Cool mixture I to 60°C, heat treatment material C to 60°C and mix them together, stirring at 2000 r / min for 12 min; keep at 60°C, homogenize once at 25 rpm for 12 min, and homogenize twice at the same temperature and speed for 15 min; pass through a 150-mesh sieve, cool to room temperature and then package to obtain the scar removal cream.

[0037] Experimental Example 1 Animal skin antioxidant and antibacterial skin experiments Experimental materials: physiological saline, cream from the embodiments of this application; Laboratory animals: Forty SPF-grade miniature pigs, half male and half female, weighing between 8 and 10 kg, were purchased from the Laboratory Animal Center of Dalian Medical University. They were 12 weeks old and divided into 8 groups of 5 pigs each, with half male and half female, as shown in Table 1. Table 1. Detailed information on the experimental groups

[0038] Test protocol: Before the experiment, the miniature pigs were kept in a standard animal house with a temperature controlled at 22±3℃ and a humidity of 40%~60%, with 12 hours of light / dark alternation, and free access to water and food. They were allowed to adapt to the environment for 3~5 days; the experimental period was 28 days. On the symmetrical areas on both sides of the back of the miniature pig, select an area of ​​5×10cm for hair removal, apply iodine solution for disinfection, and mark F and R. The F side is for skin antioxidant test, and the R side is for skin antibacterial test. Antioxidant experiment: (1) Ultraviolet irradiation was performed on the F side of groups 1 to 7 of the miniature pigs. The irradiation wavelength was 280 to 320 nm, the irradiation intensity was 0.5 to 2 mW / cm², and the irradiation time was 5 to 15 min. Irradiation was performed on the first, third, and fifth days of the experiment to make the cumulative dose 0.3 J / cm². Group 8 was the blank group and was not treated in any way. It was fed normally with other groups. (2) Application time: The skin was applied daily starting at 9:00 AM on the 7th day of the experiment. The skin condition was observed. On the 28th day, the antioxidant index was tested and the SOD activity of each group was measured. The experimental results are shown in Table 2.

[0039] Antibacterial test: (1) Bacterial inoculation experiments were conducted on the R side of groups 1 to 7 of miniature pigs. After disinfection with povidone-iodine, the pigs were rinsed with physiological saline. Using a sterile pipette, an appropriate amount of bacterial suspension (10-20 μL each of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) was drawn and evenly added to an experimental area of ​​5×10 cm. The suspension was gently spread to ensure even distribution, simulating the state of skin bacterial infection. Group 8 was the blank group and was not treated in any way. The pigs were fed normally in the same way as the other groups. (2) Starting at 9:00 AM on the 7th day of the experiment, the skin was smeared daily, and the skin condition was observed. Every 7 days, a sterile cotton swab dipped in physiological saline was used to gently wipe the skin surface. The cotton swab was then placed in a test tube containing 2 mL of physiological saline, and the tube was shaken thoroughly to wash away the bacteria. 10 μL of the saline solution was spread on a nutrient agar plate and incubated at 37°C for 24–48 hours. The number of colonies on the plate was counted, and the concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in the experimental group were detected and recorded. The results for Staphylococcus aureus were as follows: Figure 8 As shown; E. coli results are as follows Figure 9 As shown in Table 3, the test results of the experimental group at day 28 were as follows.

[0040] Experimental results: Table 2: Results of the antioxidant experiment after 28 days

[0041] Table 3: Results of the antibacterial experiment after 28 days

[0042] As shown in Table 2, in the antioxidant experiment, the results showed that Examples 1, 2 and 3 had the best effects. As shown in Table 3, in the antibacterial experiment, the colony values ​​of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that Examples 1, 2 and 3 had the best antibacterial effects.

[0043] Experimental Example 2 Stability test The creams prepared using the formulations and methods of Examples 1-5 and the comparative examples were packaged and stored naturally at a greenhouse (30°C). The cream properties and microbial status were observed at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. The specific results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 Stability Experiment

[0044] The creams prepared using the formulations and methods of Examples 1-5 and the comparative examples were packaged and placed at 55°C and 1°C for 10 days and 15 days, respectively, and their properties and microbial status were examined. The specific results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 Stability Tests in Extreme Environments

[0045] As can be seen from the results in Tables 4 and 5, the comparative examples have poor stability and cannot be stored for a long time, and their thermal stability is particularly poor. The creams prepared in Examples 1, 2 and 3 were tested and their stability met the national standards. Examples 4 and 5 were tested for temperature stability and showed poor thermal stability, easy water-oil separation, easy crystallization at low temperatures, and easy generation of microorganisms at 55°C.

[0046] Experimental Example 3 Skin repair and scar removal efficacy trial (1) Experimental animals: 12 Yunnan miniature pigs from Experiment Example 1 were randomly divided into 4 groups of 3 pigs each (n=3). (2) Test substances: Example 1 group: Cream prepared by the method of Example 1 of this application (complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules with complete formulation), Example 5 group: Cream prepared by the method of Example 5 of this application (containing complex exosomes), Comparative group: Cream prepared by the comparative method of this application, Positive control group: Commercially available medical grade silicone gel (trade name: Dermatix®).

[0047] (3) Experimental protocol: After 7 days of acclimatization, the animals were shaved and cleaned on both sides of the back (avoiding the spine). After anesthesia, a sterile skin trephine (8 mm in diameter) was used to create 4 full-thickness skin defects (deep to the fascia layer) in each area, with a distance of not less than 3 cm between the defects, for a total of 8 defects per pig. The animals were randomly assigned to groups. Administration began 24 hours later: about 0.1 g of the test substance or control was applied evenly to the corresponding defect and surrounding skin twice a day and gently massaged until absorbed. Administration continued until day 56.

[0048] (4) Indicator detection: On days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 after drug administration, wound / scar photographs were taken using a high-definition digital camera at a fixed distance and under fixed lighting conditions. Two dermatologists, unaware of the group assignments, used the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to score the scar's color, smoothness, and overall appearance (0 being the worst and 10 being the best). The specific results on day 56 are shown in Table 6. On day 56, the elasticity (R5 value) of the newly formed scar tissue was measured using a skin elasticity tester. The higher the value, the better the skin elasticity and the closer it is to normal skin. The R5 value of the newly formed skin in Example 1 group was 0.78, significantly higher than that of the comparative group (0.52) and the positive control group (0.65), and close to that of normal skin (0.81). The expression level of COL3A1 / COL1A1 was detected by qPCR, and the results showed that the COL3A1 / COL1A1 ratio in Example 1 group was significantly higher than that in the other groups. The expression level of TGF-β1 was detected by ELISA, and the TGF-β1 protein expression concentration was the lowest. Table 6 Visual simulation scoring data (n=3)

[0049] (5) Experimental results: The group in Example 1 can significantly inhibit the expression of profibrotic factor TGF-β1 at both the gene and protein levels, and effectively optimize the collagen ratio (increase the COL3A1 / COL1A1 ratio), proving that it has a significant scar removal effect.

[0050] In summary, this scar-removing cream and its preparation method have significant advantages: In terms of formulation, the core of the cream, the complex exosome peptide microcapsules, achieves synergistic effects of active ingredients through multiple encapsulation technology. The complex exosomes include a trichosanthes-based exosome complex and a spinach exosome complex, which can reduce melanin deposition and alleviate post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, respectively. The lentil peptides in the peptide microcapsules can stimulate collagen regeneration, and the rosemary microcapsule extract can reduce redness and swelling. The complex exosome peptide microcapsules not only significantly inhibit the expression of the key pro-fibrotic factor TGF-β1 at the molecular level, but also optimize collagen composition (enhancing COL). The 3A1 / COL1A1 ratio effectively inhibits scar hyperplasia at its source and promotes normal skin structure repair. Ultimately, in animal models, it significantly improves the appearance (VAS score 8.5), smoothness, and elasticity (R5 value 0.78) of scars, with results superior to clinical standards. At the same time, this cream has excellent in vivo antioxidant (increasing SOD activity to 180U / mg) and broad-spectrum antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus as low as 32CFU / cm²) capabilities, and can maintain stable properties and microbial safety in long-term and extreme environments.

[0051] In terms of preparation methods, stepwise temperature-controlled treatment of the oil phase, aqueous phase, and active ingredients, combined with multi-stage sieving and secondary homogenization processes, ensured the uniform texture of the cream and the stability of the active ingredients. The preparation of the complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules employed spray drying and freeze-drying techniques, fully preserving their structure and activity.

[0052] Experimental verification shows that this cream has significant effects in anti-oxidation and antibacterial properties, with Examples 1-3 showing particularly outstanding effects. Stability tests indicate that it maintains good properties under both normal temperature and extreme environments, and its microbiological indicators meet the requirements, far superior to the comparative examples and Examples 4 and 5 which contain only partial active ingredients. Overall, this cream is highly safe, has a wide range of applications, and can meet consumers' needs for highly effective, safe, and gentle scar removal products, demonstrating promising application prospects.

[0053] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of this application shall still fall within the patent coverage of this application.

Claims

1. A scar-reducing cream, characterized in that, The cream is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts mono- and hard fatty acids, 2-6 parts petrolatum, 5-10 parts polysorbate 80, 2-8 parts glycerin, 0.2-0.8 parts polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, 0.1-0.5 parts sorbic acid, 5-10 parts complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules, and 100-200 parts purified water.

2. The scar-removing cream as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite exosome polypeptide microcapsules are prepared by mixing composite exosomes and polypeptide microcapsules at a mass ratio of 5:1 and encapsulating them with β-cyclodextrin. The polypeptide microcapsules are a mixture of lentil polypeptide and rosemary microcapsule extracts encapsulated in a double layer of sodium alginate and chitosan.

3. The scar-removing cream as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The complex exosomes were obtained by mixing a trichosanthes-like exosome complex and a spinach exosome complex at a mass ratio of 1:

1. The trichosanthes-like exosome complex was obtained by encapsulating trichosanthes-like exosomes with phosphatidylethanolamine, and the spinach exosome complex was obtained by encapsulating spinach exosomes with distearate phosphatidylcholine.

4. The scar-removing cream as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the trichosanthes exosomes to phosphatidylethanolamine is 1:

2.

5. The scar-removing cream as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The mass ratio of spinach exosomes to distearate phosphatidylcholine is 1:

2.

6. A method for preparing a scar-reducing cream, characterized in that, The preparation includes the following steps: (1) Heat the total amount of mono-hard fatty acids, petrolatum, and polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether to 70±5℃, stop heating, continue to heat the material temperature until it stabilizes, keep it warm and stir until completely melted, and pass it through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain processed product A. (2) Mix three-quarters of the purified water and glycerin and heat. Stop heating when the temperature reaches 72±5℃. When the material temperature reaches 80±2℃, add half of the polysorbate 80. Continue to heat the material until it stabilizes. Keep it warm and stir until completely dissolved. Pass it through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain processed product B. (3) Mix treatment A and treatment B at a temperature of 75-80°C for 10-15 minutes to obtain mixture I; (4) Mix the composite exosome polypeptide microcapsules with the other half of the polysorbate 80, then disperse them in the remaining purified water, heat the temperature to 40±2℃ and stop heating, continue to heat the material temperature until it stabilizes, keep warm and disperse for 1 to 3 minutes, and pass through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the processed product C. (5) Cool mixture I to 60±3℃ and heat treatment material C to 60±2℃, then mix the two together. Mix at 2000r / min for 10-15min, maintain 60±3℃ and homogenize once at 25r / min for 10-15min, maintain the same temperature and speed for a second homogenization for 10-20min, pass through a 150-mesh sieve, cool, and package to obtain scar removal cream.

7. The method for preparing a scar-removing cream as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method for preparing the composite exosome polypeptide microcapsules is as follows: (1) Preparation of polypeptide microcapsules: 1) Core material emulsification: Dissolve lentil peptides (purity ≥95%) and rosemary microcapsule extract in purified water at a mass ratio of 3:1, add 0.1% Tween 80, and homogenize (10000 rpm, 2 min) to form a uniform emulsion; 2) Preparation of sodium alginate solution: Dissolve 2% sodium alginate in purified water at 60℃ and stir until completely transparent; 3) Preparation of primary microspheres: The core material emulsion and sodium alginate solution are mixed at a volume ratio of 1:3 and then spray-dried (inlet 180℃, outlet 80℃) to form gel microspheres; 4) Outer chitosan coating: Chitosan solution preparation: Dissolve 1% chitosan in 1% acetic acid solution, filter to remove insoluble matter; 5) Double-layer coating: Immerse sodium alginate microspheres in a chitosan solution (pH adjusted to 5.0–5.5), stir magnetically for 30 min, and the chitosan is electrostatically adsorbed (by the -COO group of sodium alginate). - With chitosan's -NH3 + (Combined) to form an outer membrane; 6) Curing and cleaning: Adjust the pH to 6.5 with 0.1M NaOH solution and cure for 10 min. Collect the microspheres by centrifugation, wash three times with purified water and freeze-dry to obtain powdered polypeptide microcapsules. (2) Preparation of complex exosome polypeptide microcapsules: 1) Mix the composite exosomes and peptide microcapsules at a mass ratio of 5:1, add PBS solution, and centrifuge at 300 rpm for 10 min with magnetic stirring to form a homogeneous suspension; then add 0.2% of Tween 80 by mass of the suspension and sonicate (300W power, 3 min time, 10 s interval) to obtain a composite core material dispersion. 2) Preparation of β-cyclodextrin solution: Take β-cyclodextrin, add purified water at 60℃, stir to dissolve until the mass concentration is 5%~8%, keep warm (60±2℃) and stir for 30min until completely transparent, pass through a 150-mesh sieve to remove insoluble matter, and obtain β-cyclodextrin solution; 3) Encapsulation reaction: The composite core material dispersion and β-cyclodextrin solution were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:2 and placed in a constant temperature water bath (45±2℃). The mixture was then magnetically stirred and centrifuged at 300 rpm for 2 h. During this period, the pH of the system was adjusted to 5.5-6.0 every 30 min with 1 mol / L HCl to promote the hydrophobic interaction between the cyclodextrin cavity and the core material. 4) Microcapsule solidification: After the reaction is complete, slowly add 0.1 mol / L NaOH solution to adjust the pH of the system to 7.0-7.2, continue stirring and centrifuge at 200 pm for 15 min to solidify; then centrifuge at 8000 x g for 15 min and collect the precipitate; 5) Washing and purification: Resuspend the precipitate in purified water, vortex mix for 30 seconds, centrifuge at 8000xg for 10 minutes, and discard the supernatant; repeat washing 3 times to remove free β-cyclodextrin and uncoated core material; 6) Drying treatment: The purified microcapsules were placed in a freeze dryer, the vacuum degree was set to ≤10Pa, the temperature was 50±5℃, and the drying was carried out for 24h to obtain powdered cyclodextrin-encapsulated complex exosomes and peptide microcapsules, which were then sealed and stored at 4℃.

8. The method for preparing a scar-removing cream as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation method of the rosemary microcapsule extract is as follows: (1) Raw material pretreatment: Select fresh, disease-free, and mold-free basil plants, wash off the soil, dust and impurities attached to their surface with clean water, crush them, and pass them through a 40-60 mesh sieve to obtain basil powder. (2) Extraction: The basil powder and 75% ethanol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:10 and placed in an ultrasonic extractor. The ultrasonic power was set to 200-400W, the temperature to 40-60℃, and the extraction time to 30-60min to obtain a crude extract of rosemary extract. (3) Separation and purification: The crude extract of rosemary extract is filtered through filter paper to obtain a clear crude extract of rosemary extract. The crude extract is placed in a membrane separation device at a temperature of 20-40℃ and a pressure of 0.1-0.5MPa to allow small molecules of rosmarinic acid to pass through a semi-permeable membrane to form a permeate. The permeate is concentrated at 40-60℃ under reduced pressure to remove the ethanol solvent and obtain a purified concentrated extract of rosemary extract. (4) Drying: The purified rosemary extract concentrate is placed in freeze drying to directly sublimate the water in the solution, thus preserving the active ingredients and structure of the rosemary extract. The dried product is the rosemary extract extracted from basil. (5) Rosemary microcapsule extract: Mix corn starch and rosemary extract evenly, add 10% to 20% water, and gelatinize by extrusion at a temperature of 120 to 150°C and a pressure of 5 to 10 MPa to gelatinize the corn starch molecules and entangle the rosemary extract molecules. After the extrudate is cooled, it is crushed into granules to obtain rosemary microcapsule extract.

9. The method for preparing a scar-removing cream as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The method for preparing the composite exosomes is as follows: (1) Trichosanthes-like exosome complex: 1) Exosome extraction: Fresh Trichosanthes kirilowii was homogenized and extracted using density gradient centrifugation to obtain Trichosanthes kirilowii exosomes; 2) Phosphatidylethanolamine encapsulation: Trichosanthes exosomes and phosphatidylethanolamine were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:5, magnetically stirred at 40°C for 2 hours, and free phosphatidylethanolamine was removed by ultrafiltration (100kDa cutoff) to obtain the Trichosanthes exosome complex, which was then lyophilized and stored. (2) Spinach exosome complex: 1) Exosome extraction: Spinach exosomes were obtained by ultrafiltration and centrifugation of fresh spinach leaves; 2) Liposome encapsulation: Distearate phosphatidylcholine was dissolved in chloroform, and after rotary evaporation to form a membrane, exosome PBS solution was added (hydration at 50℃ for 30 min), and the membrane was extruded through a 200 nm polycarbonate membrane to obtain spinach exosome complex; (3) Mixing of exosomes: Mix the two exosome complexes at a mass ratio of 1:1, vortex to mix, and store at 4°C.

10. The method for preparing a scar-removing cream as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The density gradient centrifugation method is as follows: the pericarp tissue of the purchased Trichosanthes kirilowii is extracted and juiced. The juice is centrifuged at 1000xg for 10 min and the supernatant is collected. The supernatant is centrifuged at 3000xg for 40 min and the supernatant is collected again. The obtained supernatant is then centrifuged at 10000xg for 60 min to obtain a supernatant free of cell debris, organelles and other large particles. The supernatant is then ultracentrifuged at 150000xg for 70 min. The precipitate is resuspended in PBS. The suspension is then ultracentrifuged at 150000xg for 2 h in PBS containing a gradient of sucrose (8%, 30%, 45%, 60%). The 45% and 60% interfacial bands are collected as the exosomes extracted.

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