Negative poisson's ratio composite blast wall panel unit, blast wall panel structure and method of construction thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit, an explosion-proof wall panel structure, and a method for constructing the same. The explosion-proof wall panel unit comprises, from the outside in, an impact protection layer, a negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer, a multifunctional backplate layer, and a buffer energy-absorbing layer. The outer surface of the impact protection layer is a shock-wave resistant curved surface. The negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer consists of two parallel layers of negative Poisson's ratio steel plates, each layer containing a cavity with multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units evenly arranged within it. The endpoints of these rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units form hinged joints with the inner wall of the cavity. The multifunctional backplate layer includes a support body and an assembly space along the back of the support body, the assembly space for detachably mounting functional panels. The buffer energy-absorbing layer absorbs and dissipates the remaining energy after attenuation by the aforementioned layers. This invention significantly improves the explosion-proof performance and energy dissipation efficiency of the wall panel through a multi-level synergistic energy dissipation mechanism of "curved surface deflection - negative Poisson's ratio structure energy absorption - backplate dispersion - elastomer buffering."

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering structural protection technology, and in particular to a multifunctional integrated blast-resistant wall suitable for extreme service environments (such as deep islands and reefs), specifically to a negative Poisson's ratio composite blast-resistant wall panel unit, blast-resistant wall panel structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Because remote islands and reefs are far from the mainland, with complex topography and hydrological conditions, and harsh environments, they are constantly subjected to strong winds and waves. Traditional buildings are prone to corrosion, leading to problems such as concrete cracking. They are also frequently threatened by earthquakes and typhoons. In addition, the islands lack large-scale construction equipment, infrastructure development is severely lagging behind, and the transportation of building materials is also difficult, making it difficult to meet the needs of national development.

[0003] In certain special environments, such as remote islands and reefs, infrastructure faces complex and harsh conditions, including potential explosive impacts, strong winds, corrosion, and multiple requirements for insulation, soundproofing, and fireproofing. Traditional blast-resistant wall panels have certain shortcomings when facing these comprehensive requirements. For example, the energy absorption efficiency of traditional blast-resistant structures needs improvement, and their ability to absorb and dissipate shock waves at the same surface density is limited. At the same time, traditional wall panels have significant deficiencies in blast resistance, impact resistance, wind pressure resistance, and ease of construction, making it difficult to meet the needs of rapid construction.

[0004] In recent years, negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) materials, due to their unique mechanical behavior of lateral expansion under compression, have exhibited excellent energy absorption capacity and resistance to local buckling, and have been explored for application in aerospace, armor protection, and other fields. However, existing NPR structures are mostly independent components and have not yet been systematically integrated into building walls, let alone combined with multi-level gradient impedance matching, adjustable nesting of functional panels, and modular rapid connection mechanisms. This makes it difficult to meet the integrated requirements of modern infrastructure for "efficient protection + rapid deployment + multi-functional integration".

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of composite explosion-proof wall panel that can significantly improve the overall explosion-proof performance under the premise of limited surface density, while taking into account environmental durability, construction convenience and functional customization. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the main objective of this invention is to provide a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit, an explosion-proof wall panel structure and its construction method, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the explosion-proof wall panels of the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] This invention proposes a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit. This wall panel unit consists of, from the outside in, a shock protection layer, a negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer, a multi-functional backing plate layer, and a buffer energy-absorbing layer, stacked sequentially. The layers are arranged in reverse order according to the magnitude of the shock wave impedance, forming a multi-stage energy dissipation mechanism. Wherein:

[0009] The shock protection layer is located on the outermost layer, and its outer surface is a shock wave resistant curved surface, which is used to initially disperse and deflect the shock wave.

[0010] The negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer is composed of at least two parallel negative Poisson's ratio steel plates. Each negative Poisson's ratio steel plate has an internal cavity. Multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units are evenly arranged in the cavity, and the endpoints of the multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units form hinge nodes with the inner wall of the cavity. This is used to generate a negative Poisson's ratio effect to absorb and dissipate the remaining impact energy after it has been dispersed and deflected by the impact protection layer.

[0011] The multifunctional backplate layer includes a support body and an assembly space formed along the inner side of the support body. The support body is used to provide structural support and disperse the remaining impact energy after being absorbed and dissipated by the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer. The assembly space is used to detachably install functional panels.

[0012] The buffer energy-absorbing layer is used to absorb and dissipate the remaining impact energy after it has been dispersed by the multifunctional backplate layer.

[0013] In some embodiments, the impact protection layer is a ceramic plate layer; and / or, the shock wave resistant surface of the impact protection layer is a continuous convex arc surface, a V-shaped surface, or a frustum surface.

[0014] In some embodiments, the hinge node is formed by bending the endpoint of the rhombic negative Poisson's ratio unit to the inner wall of the cavity.

[0015] In some embodiments, the support body includes a support steel plate, and at least one set of L-shaped steel members are provided on the inner side of the support steel plate, the set of L-shaped steel members and the support steel plate partially enclosing to form the assembly space.

[0016] In some embodiments, the supporting steel plate is formed by integral stamping or welding, and the L-shaped steel component and the supporting steel plate are semi-enclosed to form an assembly space, which enhances the lightweight and controllable deformation capabilities.

[0017] In some embodiments, the rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio unit is formed by laser cutting and bending of high-strength steel plate of Q690 or above, with a long diagonal length of 20~50mm and a corresponding end angle of 40~70°. When under pressure, it generates a negative Poisson's ratio effect of lateral expansion, which efficiently absorbs and dissipates energy.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cavity contains an array of multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units, with discontinuous gap regions between adjacent rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units to form an intermittent distribution structure.

[0019] In some embodiments, a discontinuous gap region with a width of 5-15 mm is provided between adjacent units to form an intermittent distribution structure, avoiding stress concentration. Closed-cell aluminum foam, polyurethane foam, or shear-thickening fluid can be filled into the accommodating cavity to enhance dynamic energy absorption performance.

[0020] In some embodiments, an intermediate gap with a thickness of 8-20 mm is provided between two adjacent layers of negative Poisson's ratio steel plates; the intermediate gap with a thickness of 8-20 mm reduces the peak stress and prolongs the energy dissipation time.

[0021] In some embodiments, the receiving cavity is filled with closed-cell aluminum foam, polyurethane foam, or shear-thickening fluid to enhance dynamic energy absorption.

[0022] In some embodiments, the functional panel includes at least one or more of the following: a thermal insulation layer, a sound insulation damping layer, a moisture-proof vapor barrier layer, and a fireproof substrate. The assembly space is used to detachably embed the thermal insulation layer, the sound insulation damping layer, the moisture-proof vapor barrier layer, or the fireproof substrate to achieve customized functions such as thermal insulation, sound insulation, moisture-proof, and fireproof.

[0023] In some embodiments, the buffer energy-absorbing layer is a 3-10 mm thick polyurea elastomer layer that is sprayed or cast. Relying on the high strain rate hardening characteristics of the superelastic, it flexibly absorbs kinetic energy and shock waves, reducing back-side overload.

[0024] In some embodiments, the negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit further includes a decorative protective coating layer disposed on the inner surface of the buffer energy-absorbing layer.

[0025] In some embodiments, the decorative protective coating layer includes an anti-corrosion coating layer and a fire-retardant coating layer, further enhancing durability and safety.

[0026] In some embodiments, the impact protection layer, the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer, the multifunctional back plate layer, and the buffer energy absorption layer are bonded and fixed together with adhesive, and mechanically reinforced by bolts passing through preset bolt holes to ensure overall stability.

[0027] In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel structure composed of the above-mentioned wall panel units, which includes multiple negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units. Each negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit has at least one pair of opposite sides provided with matching protrusions and concave portions. Adjacent units are connected by interlocking in the transverse and / or longitudinal directions through the convex and concave structure to form an integral continuous explosion-proof wall surface.

[0028] In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a method for constructing the above-mentioned negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel structure, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Prefabricated multi-unit negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel, including:

[0030] Impact protection layer preparation: Ceramic plates are processed into plates with shock wave resistant curved surfaces, and matching protrusions and concave parts are opened on their opposite sides;

[0031] Preparation of negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layers: High-strength steel plates are processed into plates containing multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units using laser cutting and bending processes, and at least two layers are assembled in parallel;

[0032] Multifunctional back panel assembly: a one-piece molded support with assembly space, and functional panels can be installed as needed;

[0033] Buffer energy-absorbing layer molding: Polyurea material is sprayed or cast onto the inner surface of the multifunctional backsheet layer;

[0034] Composite structure of each layer: The impact protection layer, the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer and the multi-functional back plate layer are bonded together with adhesive and reinforced with bolts;

[0035] Integral wall construction: Multiple prefabricated wall panel units are fixed together horizontally and / or vertically by interlocking protrusions and recesses to form a continuous, integral explosion-proof wall.

[0036] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are as follows: This invention proposes a negative Poisson's ratio composite blast-resistant wall panel unit. Through a multi-level synergistic energy dissipation mechanism of "curved surface deflection - negative Poisson's ratio structure energy absorption - backplate dispersion - elastomer buffering," this invention achieves high-efficiency blast resistance, rapid deployment, and multi-functional integration, making it particularly suitable for infrastructure protection in extreme service environments such as deep-sea islands and reefs. Specifically, it has at least the following practical effects:

[0037] A multi-layered, collaborative protection system with highly efficient energy absorption design: the impact protection layer, the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer, the multi-functional backplate layer, and the buffer energy-absorbing layer are arranged in reverse order according to the magnitude of the shock wave impedance. The outermost impact protection layer can yaw the projectile, increasing the interaction area between the projectile and the ceramic layer and enhancing the deceleration effect. The pull-out, bridging, and crack deflection mechanisms of the ceramic material can rapidly absorb the projectile's kinetic energy, reducing the damage to the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate structure caused by projectile penetration and improving the overall structure's impact resistance. Under explosive impact loads, the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer generates a negative Poisson's ratio effect through cell aggregation, absorbing explosive energy through deformation and reducing shock wave transmission. The multi-functional backplate layer has a support structure and assembly space, providing support and structural strength for the unit and dispersing the remaining impact energy, while also considering lightweight, controllable deformation, and multi-functional integration. The buffer energy-absorbing layer is composed of polyurea hyperelastic, which plays the role of flexible energy absorption and wave clipping, and hardening energy dissipation under high strain rates, absorbing the remaining projectile kinetic energy and shock wave energy.

[0038] This invention effectively improves the shock wave energy absorption efficiency of structures with the same surface density, enabling the wall panel to absorb energy more effectively when facing explosive impacts, reducing damage to the internal structure. The internal cavities of the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate avoid hard contact between layers, extending the load application time. The double-layer structure achieves a "graded response," effectively reducing peak stress. The spaced rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio units improve energy absorption uniformity and stroke, optimizing the force transmission path within the wall panel, making it more stable under extreme conditions such as earthquakes, storms, tsunamis, and armed attacks.

[0039] Customizable functions: The multi-functional back panel has assembly space, and thermal insulation panels, sound insulation and damping panels, moisture-proof and vapor-proof panels, and fireproof substrates can be selected as needed according to the actual service environment. It can achieve multiple functions such as thermal insulation, sound insulation and fireproofing, while enhancing the impact resistance of the composite panel to meet the diverse needs of different environments.

[0040] Modular design and rapid assembly: In the construction of the negative Poisson's ratio composite blast-resistant wall panel structure, the impact protection layer adopts a concave-convex interlocking mortise and tenon structure. Both sides have concave and convex parts of the same size and shape. The interlocking of these structures achieves a stable, efficient, and reliable connection between adjacent negative Poisson's ratio composite blast-resistant wall panel units. Multiple negative Poisson's ratio composite blast-resistant wall panel units are prefabricated in the factory, requiring only mortise and tenon alignment and bolt connection on site, greatly improving the construction speed of infrastructure. This connection method not only ensures accurate alignment between impact protection layers but also enhances the stability and strength of the overall structure. Furthermore, the overall modular and prefabricable design makes the assembly of the blast-resistant wall panel units more convenient, improving construction efficiency, and making it particularly suitable for scenarios requiring rapid infrastructure construction in harsh environments such as remote islands and reefs.

[0041] This invention combines the negative Poisson's ratio effect with a hollow nested structure through precise topological configuration design, constructing a novel explosion-proof wall panel unit that combines high protection, strong durability, high energy absorption, easy disassembly, lightweight and multi-functional integration. It fills the gap in existing technology for high-performance protective structures in extreme environments and has significant engineering application value.

[0042] It should be understood that the description in the Summary of the Invention is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Furthermore, implementation of any embodiment of the present invention does not imply the simultaneous possession or achievement of multiple or all of the aforementioned beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0044] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional structural diagram of a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a single rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio unit in a negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the splicing of two adjacent negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] Marked in the image:

[0050] 100-negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit;

[0051] 1-Impact protection layer; 101-Shock wave resistant curved surface;

[0052] 2-Negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer; 201-Negative Poisson's ratio steel plate; 2011-Receiving cavity; 2012-Rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio element; 2013-Hinged node;

[0053] 3-Multifunctional back panel layer; 301-Supporting steel plate; 302-L-shaped steel component; 303-Assembly space;

[0054] 4-Buffer energy absorption layer;

[0055] 5-Functional panel; 501-Thermal insulation layer; 502-Sound insulation and damping layer; 503-Moisture-proof and vapor-proof layer; 504-Fireproof substrate;

[0056] 6-Decorative and protective coating layer;

[0057] 7-convex part;

[0058] 8-concave;

[0059] 9- Bolt.

[0060] The same or corresponding marks in the diagram indicate the same or corresponding parts. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] It should be understood that the terms "comprising / including," "consisting of," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but may also include, where necessary, other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product, apparatus, process, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising / including," "consisting of," does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes said element.

[0064] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0065] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0066] To ensure effective protection of personnel during wartime, research into improving the simplicity and protective performance of shelters built on remote islands and reefs is particularly urgent. Existing blast-resistant wall panel structures mostly use homogeneous steel plates or concrete slabs, and many suffer from the following shortcomings:

[0067] A single-layer structure cannot achieve coordinated protection against explosions, sound insulation, and fire.

[0068] The lack of a gradient energy absorption mechanism results in low shock wave absorption efficiency at the same surface density; the long on-site construction cycle cannot meet the needs of rapid infrastructure deployment.

[0069] It is prone to corrosion and aging in high salt spray and strong ultraviolet radiation environments, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0070] In real battlefield environments, it is difficult to effectively resist the damage caused by high-pressure shock waves and high-speed fragments.

[0071] Therefore, this invention proposes a novel negative Poisson's ratio composite blast-resistant wall panel unit that can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems. The negative Poisson's ratio composite blast-resistant wall panel unit proposed in this invention, through modular and customizable design, combines blast resistance, wind pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, sound and heat insulation, and fireproofing functions, making it suitable for infrastructure construction in harsh environments such as remote islands and reefs. This blast-resistant wall panel unit has advantages such as simple connection method, excellent protective performance, and high construction efficiency, and can also block the damage to buildings from wartime blast shock waves, reducing the risk of injury.

[0072] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to preferred embodiments.

[0073] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this invention proposes a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit 100 that combines high protection function. This explosion-proof wall panel unit is specially designed for the rapid construction of buildings with excellent protective performance, while taking into account the unique requirements of island environments, such as corrosion resistance, wind pressure resistance and ease of maintenance, thereby providing strong support for national development.

[0074] The negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit 100 proposed in this invention achieves multiple objectives such as explosion resistance, wind pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation, fire prevention, and rapid assembly through the design concept of "external hardness and internal flexibility, gradient energy absorption, module nesting, and functional integration".

[0075] The negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit 100 includes, along the direction of shock wave propagation, an impact protection layer 1, a negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2, a multi-functional back panel layer 3, and a buffer energy absorption layer 4, which are stacked sequentially.

[0076] The impact protection layer 1 is a ceramic plate layer, which mainly resists the penetration of the initial shock wave and fragments through the high hardness of the ceramic plate. The outer surface of the impact protection layer 1 is a shock wave resistant curved surface 101, which is used to initially disperse and deflect the shock wave.

[0077] More precisely, the arc-shaped surface of the impact protection layer 1 causes the projectile to yaw and increases the effective area. It utilizes the pull-out, bridging, and crack deflection mechanisms of ceramics to rapidly dissipate kinetic energy and reduce penetration damage to the inner structure.

[0078] In this invention, the ceramic plate layer with an arc-shaped outer surface includes, but is not limited to, high-strength ceramic materials such as alumina (Al2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), titanium boride (TiB2), and boron carbide (B4C), which have advantages such as high hardness, good wear resistance, and good impact resistance.

[0079] In some embodiments, the shock-resistant surface of the impact protection layer 1 is a continuous convex arc surface, a V-shaped surface, or a frustum surface. In this embodiment of the invention, a convex arc surface is preferred.

[0080] The negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2 is disposed on the inner side of the impact protection layer 1 and is bonded to the impact protection layer 1 with adhesives such as epoxy resin structural adhesive and silane modified polyether adhesive to ensure a reliable bond between the two.

[0081] The negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2 consists of at least two parallel layers of negative Poisson's ratio steel plates 201. Each layer of negative Poisson's ratio steel plate 201 is a thin-walled high-strength steel plate.

[0082] Each layer of negative Poisson's ratio steel plate 201 has a cavity 2011 extending through its thickness to accommodate microstructure units with negative Poisson's ratio effect.

[0083] In some embodiments, the cavity 2011 has a thickness of 8-20 mm to achieve dynamic buffering and stress wave delay.

[0084] Multiple rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio elements 2012 are arranged in a periodic array within the cavity 2011. See also Figure 3 The rhombic negative Poisson's ratio element 2012 is formed by mirror-joining two congruent triangular elements along a common side, creating a symmetrical tetrahedral geometric configuration. The spaced rhombic negative Poisson's ratio elements 2012 improve energy absorption uniformity and travel, optimize the force transmission path within the wall panel, and make it more stable under extreme conditions such as earthquakes, storms, tsunamis, and armed attacks.

[0085] Discontinuous gap regions are provided between adjacent rhombic negative Poisson's ratio elements 2012, forming an intermittent distribution structure. The width of these gap regions is 5-15 mm, which are used to provide deformation space, suppress stress concentration, and allow shock waves to propagate within the plate surface.

[0086] The negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2 is constructed entirely from high-strength steel of Q690 or higher strength grade, laser-cut, bent, and then welded or riveted together. That is, each rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio unit 2012 is formed from high-strength steel plate of Q690 or higher strength grade through laser cutting and bending processes. It's easy to understand that "higher strength grades" here include Q700, Q785, Q890, Q960, Q1100, etc. As the strength grade of the steel increases, its yield strength and tensile strength, among other mechanical properties, also improve accordingly, providing a stronger load-bearing capacity for the rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio unit.

[0087] Each rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio element 2012 has a long diagonal length of 20-50 mm, and the corresponding endpoint angle of its long diagonal is 40-70°. This design ensures a significant lateral expansion effect under compressive load.

[0088] The endpoints of multiple rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio units 2012 form hinge nodes 2013 with the inner wall of the cavity 2011, which are used to generate a negative Poisson's ratio effect to absorb and dissipate impact energy.

[0089] When the rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio element 2012 is under pressure, its hinge node 2013 rotates, causing the center of the element to concave inward and the edge to expand outward, thus exhibiting negative Poisson's ratio behavior (ν<0). That is, it generates lateral expansion under axial compression, effectively filling the voids formed after the ceramic layer is broken, suppressing fragment splashing, and enhancing the interface constraint force.

[0090] In some embodiments, the two ends of the rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio unit 2012 and the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate 201 substrate (steel plate wall) are connected to form a hinge node 2013 by a bending process. Under compressive load, the unit undergoes rotational deformation, resulting in lateral expansion and exhibiting negative Poisson's ratio characteristics.

[0091] In this invention, the specific function of generating the negative Poisson's ratio characteristic is efficient energy absorption and dissipation: when the impact load compresses the structure, the load is transferred to the rhomboid negative Poisson's ratio element 2012 through the hinge node 2013. Under pressure, the acute angle of the element decreases, forcing the four sides forming the rhombus to contract inward like scissors, thereby forcefully pushing the two "waists" of the element outward, producing significant lateral expansion. This dramatic deformation process from "contraction" to "expansion" requires overcoming the material's huge internal resistance, thus efficiently converting the impact kinetic energy into the material's plastic deformation energy (or elastic strain energy), achieving core energy absorption and dissipation.

[0092] In some embodiments, the receiving cavity 2011 is filled with closed-cell aluminum foam, polyurethane foam, or shear-thickening fluid to enhance the dynamic energy absorption effect.

[0093] Each layer of negative Poisson's ratio steel plate 201 is coated with an inner anti-corrosion protective layer, which consists of a primer layer and a topcoat layer. The primer layer is a zinc powder composite coating, and the topcoat layer is two epoxy resin coatings.

[0094] In this invention, two layers of negative Poisson's ratio steel plates 201 are arranged in parallel. Its core advantage lies in achieving a "graded response" and "sequential dissipation" mechanism for energy, thereby significantly optimizing the structure's impact resistance.

[0095] Specifically, the core benefit of this "graded response" mechanism is the effective reduction and dispersion of peak stress. It avoids the potential for a sudden increase in stress (i.e., excessively high peak force) when a single-layer structure reaches its load-bearing limit, thereby protecting the protected equipment and personnel from high overload impacts. At the same time, it extends the time and distance of energy dissipation, making the impact process more controllable, and the total energy absorption is significantly increased due to the sequential yielding of the multi-layer structure.

[0096] In some embodiments, an intermediate gap with a thickness of 8-20 mm, preferably 12 mm, is provided between two adjacent layers of negative Poisson's ratio steel plates 201 in the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2. This gap can be achieved by a flexible adhesive layer or an air gap, which serves as a dynamic buffer, acoustic damping and thermal isolation, while avoiding premature failure caused by rigid coupling between adjacent layers.

[0097] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 The multifunctional backplate layer 3 is located inside the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2, and is bonded to the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2 using the same adhesives such as epoxy resin structural adhesive and silane modified polyether adhesive.

[0098] The multifunctional backplate layer 3 includes a support body and an assembly space 303 formed along the inner side of the support body. The support body is used to provide structural support and disperse residual impact energy, and the assembly space 303 is used to detachably mount the functional panel 5.

[0099] The multifunctional backplate layer 3 of the present invention has a support body and an assembly space, which provides support and structural strength for the explosion-proof wall panel unit and disperses the remaining impact energy, while taking into account lightweight, controllable deformation and multifunctional integration.

[0100] In some embodiments, the support body includes a support steel plate 301 with a certain support thickness. At least one set of L-shaped steel members 302 are provided on the inner side of the support steel plate 301. This set of L-shaped steel members 302 includes two L-shaped steel members 302, whose long sides are welded and fixed to the support steel plate 301, and whose short sides are arranged opposite each other facing inwards. The L-shaped steel members 302 serve two purposes: firstly, as stiffening ribs to enhance the support strength of the support steel plate 301; and secondly, to partially enclose the aforementioned assembly space 303 with the support steel plate 301.

[0101] In some embodiments, the multifunctional back panel layer 3 is an integrally stamped or welded structure with multiple internal accommodating spaces. These accommodating spaces are arranged in layers along the thickness direction, and the functional panels 5 to be accommodated can be selected as needed according to the actual service environment. Generally, from the outside to the inside, functional panels such as thermal insulation layer 501, sound insulation and damping layer 502, moisture-proof and vapor barrier layer 503, and fireproof substrate 504 are sequentially embedded, which at the same time enhances the impact resistance of the composite panel and meets the diverse needs in different environments.

[0102] In this invention, the assembly space 303 typically begins with the installation of a thermal insulation layer 501 to improve the building's thermal performance, reduce heat transfer, and prevent thermal bridging. Subsequently, a composite sound insulation and damping layer 502 is installed to reduce the impact of external noise and blast shock waves or to prevent the propagation of sound and blast shock waves between different rooms. Next, a moisture-proof and vapor-barrier layer 503 is installed to prevent indoor moisture from migrating into the insulation layer or external salt spray and moisture from penetrating the wall, and to prevent problems such as decreased insulation material performance, corrosion of metal components, deterioration of overall thermal performance, and mold growth caused by condensation. Finally, a fire-resistant substrate 504 is installed to increase building safety, provide fire protection for indoor personnel and equipment, and buy valuable evacuation and rescue time in the event of a fire.

[0103] In some embodiments, the thermal insulation board 501 is made of materials including but not limited to basalt rock wool, which is melted at high temperature and stretched into discontinuous fibers, and then a certain amount of binder, dustproof oil and water-repellent agent are added, and it is processed through a series of processes.

[0104] In some embodiments, the composite sound insulation and damping layer 502 includes, but is not limited to, butyl rubber + polyurethane foam + steel plate / aluminum plate, asphalt-based sound insulation material + steel plate / aluminum plate, porous cork layer, rubber particles + steel plate / aluminum plate, and magnesium oxide board + damping adhesive + calcium silicate board.

[0105] In this invention, a preferred material is a 0.8mm aluminum plate + a 2mm polymer damping adhesive + a 1.2mm steel plate, which can effectively absorb vibration energy and hinder the propagation of shock waves.

[0106] In some embodiments, the moisture-proof vapor barrier 503 includes, but is not limited to, polymer composite vapor barrier films (such as polyethylene polypropylene composite films, PET / AL / PE multilayer composite films), aluminum foil fiberglass cloth, thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) vapor barrier rolls, butyl rubber sealing films, or sprayable silane-based penetrating waterproof vapor barrier coatings.

[0107] In some embodiments, the fireproof substrate 504 includes, but is not limited to, Class A fireproof gypsum board, magnesium fireproof board, glass magnesium board, ceramicized silicone rubber board, calcium silicate board, 1430 inorganic fire-resistant board, etc.

[0108] The buffer energy-absorbing layer 4 is disposed on the inner side of the multifunctional backplate layer 3 to absorb and dissipate the remaining energy after it has been dispersed by the multifunctional backplate layer 3.

[0109] The energy-absorbing buffer layer 4 is a polyurea elastomer layer that is either sprayed or cast. Utilizing the high strain rate hardening properties of the superelastic, the polyurea elastomer layer flexibly absorbs residual kinetic energy and shock waves, reducing back-side overload and protecting internal personnel and equipment.

[0110] More precisely, the polyurea material in the polyurea elastomer layer, due to its superelastic properties, can effectively absorb the remaining kinetic energy of the projectile and the energy of the shock wave, further enhancing the protective performance of the overall structure.

[0111] When the buffer energy-absorbing layer 4 of the present invention is connected to the multifunctional backplate layer 3 or the functional plate 5, a special polyurea metallic primer is first applied to the surface of the multifunctional backplate layer 3 or the functional plate 5. The polyurea material is then sprayed within 2 hours after the primer has dried. This treatment allows the polyurea material to better bond with the multifunctional backplate layer 3 or the functional plate 5, forming a unified whole, thereby exerting a gradient energy-absorbing effect upon impact.

[0112] In some embodiments, the buffer energy-absorbing layer 4 is formed by spraying and has a thickness of 3-10 mm, covering the outside of the fireproof substrate 504.

[0113] In some embodiments, the negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit 100 further includes a decorative protective coating layer 6, which is disposed on the inner surface of the buffer energy-absorbing layer 5. This is used to further extend the service life of the negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit 100 and maintain its stable explosion-proof performance.

[0114] Decorative and protective coating layer 6 generally includes an anti-corrosion coating layer and a fire-retardant coating layer. The anti-corrosion coating includes, but is not limited to, epoxy resin coatings, polyurethane coatings, epoxy zinc-rich primers, polysiloxane topcoats, and fluorocarbon coatings. It should possess good adhesion and protective performance to prevent environmental corrosion of the metal surface. The fire-retardant coating includes, but is not limited to, intumescent fire-retardant coatings such as pentaerythritol charring agent + melamine foaming agent and chitosan-PEPA composite flame retardant, as well as silicate-based non-intumescent coatings.

[0115] Anti-corrosion coatings possess excellent adhesion and protective properties, preventing metal surfaces from being corroded by environmental factors, thereby effectively extending the service life of the overall building system. Intumescent fire-retardant coatings expand to form a heat-insulating char layer when exposed to fire, while non-intumescent coatings rely on their own flame-retardant or non-combustible properties to prevent the spread of flames, further ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel within the structure.

[0116] In a preferred embodiment, the anti-corrosion coating layer is a glass flake epoxy coating (salt spray resistance ≥5000 hours), and the fire retardant coating layer is an intumescent fire retardant coating (expansion ratio ≥10 times).

[0117] In some embodiments, see Figure 2To further enhance the connection stability between the various layers of the negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit 100, multiple bolt holes are precisely correspondingly set on the impact protection layer 1, the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2, the multifunctional back plate layer 3, and the buffer energy absorption layer 4. This design allows bolts 9 to easily pass through the impact protection layer 1, the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2, and the multifunctional back plate layer 3, which has been treated with sprayed or cast polyurea material, thereby effectively reinforcing each layer of the structure.

[0118] Through the above specific embodiments, this invention provides a novel composite explosion-proof wall panel unit that combines high protective performance, multifunctional integration, ease of installation and maintenance, and suitability for harsh island environments. This design not only solves the problems existing in the prior art but also provides strong support for national development.

[0119] The impact protection layer, negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer, multifunctional backing plate layer, and buffer energy absorption layer of this invention are arranged in reverse order according to the magnitude of the shock wave impedance. Through a multi-level synergistic energy dissipation mechanism of "curved surface deflection - negative Poisson's ratio structure energy absorption - backing plate dispersion - elastomer buffering", the blast resistance and energy dissipation efficiency of the wall panel are significantly improved, making it particularly suitable for the rapid construction of infrastructure and high-level protection requirements in harsh environments such as deep islands and reefs.

[0120] This invention combines the negative Poisson's ratio effect with a hollow nested structure through precise topological configuration design, constructing a novel explosion-proof wall panel unit that combines high protection, strong durability, high energy absorption, easy disassembly, lightweight and multi-functional integration. It fills the gap in existing technology for high-performance protective structures in extreme environments and has significant engineering application value.

[0121] See Figure 4 The present invention also includes a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel structure, which includes multiple negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units 100, wherein each explosion-proof wall panel unit has at least a pair of opposite sides provided with matching protrusions and recesses, and adjacent explosion-proof wall panel units are connected and fixed along the transverse and / or longitudinal directions by inserting the protrusions and recesses.

[0122] This invention employs a tongue-and-groove mortise and tenon structure, making the connection between the explosion-proof wall panel units more stable and efficient, while also facilitating rapid assembly. The entire explosion-proof wall panel unit is designed as a modular unit, allowing for the prefabrication of explosion-proof wall panel units of different sizes and functional configurations to meet various building requirements.

[0123] In some embodiments, at least one pair of opposite sides of the impact protection layer 1, such as the upper and lower sides and / or the left and right sides, are provided with matching protrusions 7 and recesses 8, wherein the protrusions 7 and recesses 8 have the same size and shape. The protrusions 7 and recesses 8 are designed to enable adjacent negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units 100 to form a mortise and tenon structure by interlocking the convex and concave structures, thereby achieving a stable connection, forming a continuous panel structure, and improving assembly efficiency.

[0124] In some embodiments, at least one opposite side of the supporting steel plate 301 of the multifunctional back panel layer 3, such as the upper and lower sides and / or the left and right sides, is provided with matching protrusions 7 and recesses 8, wherein the protrusions 7 and recesses 8 have the same size and shape. The protrusions 7 and recesses 8 are designed to enable adjacent negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units 100 to form a mortise and tenon structure by interlocking the convex and concave structures, thereby achieving a stable connection, forming a continuous panel structure, and also improving assembly efficiency.

[0125] In some embodiments, the form of the protrusions 7 and recesses 8 on the left and right sides of the supporting steel plate 301 is opposite to that of the impact protection layer 1. That is, if the left side of the supporting steel plate 301 has a protrusion 7, then the left side of the impact protection layer 1 has a recess 8; if the right side of the supporting steel plate 301 has a recess 8, then the right side of the impact protection layer 1 has a protrusion 7. This ensures that adjacent negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units 100 can achieve rapid and accurate positioning and interlocking when spliced.

[0126] This design not only greatly simplifies on-site installation and improves construction efficiency, but more importantly, it creates a continuous mechanical transfer path between adjacent units. When subjected to explosive impact, this interlocking structure can effectively disperse and transfer the load, preventing stress concentration at the joints, thereby significantly enhancing the overall stability and synergistic impact resistance of the entire blast-resistant wall panel system, and avoiding localized damage or overall failure due to weak connections.

[0127] In some embodiments, when the length of the negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel structure is too large, it can be further reinforced by a steel frame.

[0128] This invention also proposes a method for constructing the above-mentioned negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel structure, comprising the following steps:

[0129] The fabrication of multiple prefabricated negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units 100 includes:

[0130] Preparation of impact protection layer 1: An impact protection layer with a continuous convex arc surface is made using a ceramic plate, and matching protrusions 7 and concave portions 8 are opened on opposite sides of the plate.

[0131] Preparation of negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2: High-strength steel plate is processed into a plate with multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units 2012 by laser cutting and bending process, and at least two layers of plates are assembled in parallel;

[0132] Multifunctional back panel layer 3 assembly: an integrally molded support body with an assembly space 303, in which the selected functional panel 5 is detachably embedded;

[0133] In some embodiments, a support body is integrally formed having an assembly space 303 and mutually matching protrusions 7 and recesses 8 on opposite sides.

[0134] Buffer energy absorption layer 4 molding: Polyurea material is sprayed or cast onto the inner surface of the multifunctional backplate layer 3;

[0135] Composite structure of each layer: First, the impact protection layer 1, the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2, and the multifunctional back plate layer 3 with sprayed or cast polyurea material are bonded and fixed. Then, bolts 9 are used to reinforce the impact protection layer 1, the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer 2, and the multifunctional back plate layer 3 with sprayed or cast polyurea material in sequence.

[0136] Overall wall construction: Multiple negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units 100 are connected and fixed in the horizontal and / or vertical directions through protrusions 7 and recesses 8 to form a continuous overall explosion-proof wall.

[0137] In this invention, the components for constructing the negative Poisson's ratio composite blast-resistant wall panel structure are prefabricated in the factory, requiring only mortise and tenon alignment and bolt connection on site, greatly improving the construction speed of infrastructure. This connection method not only ensures accurate alignment between the blast-resistant wall panel units but also enhances the stability and strength of the overall structure. Furthermore, the modular and prefabricable design of the overall structure makes the assembly of the blast-resistant wall panel units more convenient, improving construction efficiency, and making it particularly suitable for scenarios requiring rapid infrastructure construction in harsh environments such as remote islands and reefs.

[0138] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the above-mentioned preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0139] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit, characterized in that, It includes, from the outside in, an impact protection layer, a negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer, a multi-functional backplate layer, and a buffer energy-absorbing layer, stacked sequentially; wherein: The outer surface of the impact protection layer is a shock wave resistant curved surface, which is used to initially disperse and deflect the shock wave. The negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer is composed of at least two parallel negative Poisson's ratio steel plates. Each negative Poisson's ratio steel plate has an internal cavity. Multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units are evenly arranged in the cavity, and the endpoints of the multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units form hinge nodes with the inner wall of the cavity. This is used to generate a negative Poisson's ratio effect to absorb and dissipate the remaining impact energy after it has been dispersed and deflected by the impact protection layer. The multifunctional backplate layer includes a support body and an assembly space formed along the inner side of the support body. The support body is used to provide structural support and disperse the remaining impact energy after being absorbed and dissipated by the negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer. The assembly space is used to detachably embed functional panels. The support body includes a support steel plate, and at least one set of L-shaped steel members is provided on the inner side of the support steel plate. The set of L-shaped steel members and the support steel plate semi-enclose the assembly space. The buffer energy-absorbing layer is used to absorb and dissipate the remaining impact energy after it has been dispersed by the multifunctional backplate layer; the buffer energy-absorbing layer is a polyurea elastomer layer that is sprayed or cast.

2. The negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact protection layer is a ceramic plate layer; and / or, the shock wave resistant surface of the impact protection layer is a continuous convex arc surface, V-shaped surface or frustum surface.

3. The negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge node is formed by bending the endpoint of the rhombic negative Poisson's ratio unit to the inner wall of the cavity.

4. The negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity contains an array of multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units, with discontinuous gaps between adjacent rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units to form an intermittent distribution structure.

5. The negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity is filled with closed-cell aluminum foam, polyurethane foam, or shear-thickening fluid to enhance dynamic energy absorption.

6. The negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional panel includes at least one or more of the following: thermal insulation layer, sound insulation and damping layer, moisture-proof and vapor-proof layer, and fireproof substrate.

7. A negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel structure, characterized in that, include: Multiple negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each explosion-proof wall panel unit has at least a pair of opposite sides provided with matching protrusions and recesses, and adjacent explosion-proof wall panel units are connected and fixed in the transverse and / or longitudinal directions by means of the protrusions and recesses.

8. A method for constructing a negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Prefabricated multi-unit negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel, including: Impact protection layer preparation: An impact protection layer with a continuous convex arc surface is made using a ceramic plate, and matching protrusions and recesses are formed on at least a pair of opposite sides of the plate; Preparation of negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer: High-strength steel plate is processed into a plate with multiple rhombic negative Poisson's ratio units by laser cutting and bending process, and at least two layers of the plate are assembled in parallel; Multifunctional back panel assembly: a one-piece molded support with assembly space, and functional panels are installed as needed; Energy-absorbing buffer layer molding: Polyurea material is sprayed or cast onto the inner surface of the multifunctional backplate layer; Composite structure of each layer: fixed impact protection layer, negative Poisson's ratio steel plate layer, and multi-functional back plate layer with sprayed or cast polyurea material; Integral wall construction: Multiple negative Poisson's ratio composite explosion-proof wall panel units are connected and fixed in the horizontal and / or vertical directions through the protrusions and concave parts to form a continuous integral explosion-proof wall.

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