Shock absorption and isolation device for building structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building engineering, and discloses a shock absorption and isolation device for a building structure. The inner ring pipe is embedded in the outer ring pipe, a gap is reserved between the inner ring pipe and the outer ring pipe, and the inner ring pipe can relatively slide within the limiting range of the outer ring pipe; the inner ring end plate and the outer ring end plate are fixed to the two ends of the inner ring pipe and the two ends of the outer ring pipe respectively. The shock insulation cushion layers are arranged between the inner ring end plates and the outer ring end plates on the corresponding sides; the elastic plate is connected with the inner ring pipe and the outer ring pipe in a sealed mode, and a closed space is defined. And the closed space is filled with the viscous liquid. On the basis of nesting of the inner ring pipe and the outer ring pipe, the shock insulation cushion layers are arranged between the end plates to achieve low-resistance sliding, the rigid rods are in linkage with the annular plates to stir viscous liquid, the shock insulation and shock absorption functions are integrated, the problem of cooperative low efficiency is solved, and then the adaptability of the shock absorption and insulation device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering technology, specifically to a seismic isolation and vibration reduction device for building structures. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic isolation and vibration reduction devices for building structures are technical systems that achieve seismic energy dissipation and vibration isolation through specific construction. The core of these devices includes two key mechanisms: seismic isolation and vibration reduction. The seismic isolation mechanism relies on seismic isolation bearings installed at the bottom of the structure to reduce seismic response, while the vibration reduction mechanism uses dampers arranged between the load-bearing components of the structure to generate plastic deformation or other forms of energy dissipation. Together, they provide seismic protection for the building structure and effectively enhance the structure's ability to withstand seismic impacts.

[0003] The application of seismic isolation and damping technologies in building engineering is becoming increasingly widespread. Seismic isolation bearings reduce the structural seismic response by isolating the transmission of seismic energy, while dampers improve the energy dissipation capacity of the structure through their own energy-dissipating deformation. Both ensure the safety of building structures in different ways. At the same time, with the improvement of the level of building industrialization, prefabricated buildings, especially prefabricated concrete buildings, have been widely promoted. In order to make up for the shortcomings of the weak overall structure of prefabricated buildings, prefabricated monolithic concrete structures are generally adopted. The connection between prefabricated components is achieved through overlapping layers or post-cast sections, so as to achieve the same overall working performance as cast-in-place structures.

[0004] In existing seismic isolation and damping technologies, seismic isolation bearings and dampers are mostly arranged independently, lacking an effective collaborative working mechanism, making it difficult to form an efficient energy dissipation system. Furthermore, the connection nodes of prefabricated monolithic concrete structures are complex, and the construction procedures are cumbersome, which not only makes it difficult to guarantee construction quality but also prolongs the construction period, increases the amount of structural materials used and the input of workers, making the construction cost of prefabricated buildings generally higher than that of cast-in-place structures. At the same time, the independently arranged seismic isolation and damping components and the complex node connections affect each other, further weakening the structural integrity and seismic performance of prefabricated buildings, and failing to fully meet the actual engineering needs for efficient, economical, and reliable seismic isolation and damping solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a seismic isolation and damping device for building structures, which solves the problems of poor coordination of seismic isolation and damping components, complex and costly nodes in prefabricated buildings, and insufficient seismic performance of structures.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A seismic isolation device for building structures, the device comprising: Inner ring pipe; An outer ring tube is provided, and an inner ring tube is nested inside the outer ring tube. A gap is reserved between the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube, and the inner ring tube can slide relative to the outer ring tube within the limiting range of the outer ring tube. The inner ring end plate and the outer ring end plate are respectively fixed to the two ends of the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube; A vibration isolation pad is disposed between the inner ring end plate and the outer ring end plate on the corresponding side; An elastic plate is provided, which is sealed to the inner ring pipe and the outer ring pipe respectively, defining a closed space. A viscous liquid is filled into the enclosed space; An annular plate is disposed in the enclosed space; A rigid rod is fixedly connected to the inner ring tube and the annular plate, and the annular plate moves synchronously with the inner ring tube.

[0007] Preferably, the vibration isolation pad is any one of lubricating fluid, rubber pad, or ball bearings, the thickness of the vibration isolation pad is adapted to the distance between the inner ring end plate and the outer ring end plate, and the vibration isolation pad completely covers the relative contact surfaces of the inner ring end plate and the outer ring end plate.

[0008] Preferably, there are two elastic plates, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the inner ring tube and are respectively located near both ends of the inner ring tube. The inner ring tube, the outer ring tube, and the two elastic plates together enclose the sealed space.

[0009] Preferably, there are multiple rigid rods, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner ring tube. The axis of each rigid rod extends radially along the inner ring tube, and both ends of the rigid rod are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner ring tube and the side of the annular plate, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the annular plate is located in the middle of the sealed space between the two elastic plates, the axis of the annular plate is collinear with the axis of the inner ring tube, the outer diameter of the annular plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring tube, and the inner diameter of the annular plate is larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring tube.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic plate is sealed to the inner wall of the inner ring tube and the inner wall of the outer ring tube, and the edge of the elastic plate forms a sealing fit with the contact parts of the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube to define the sealed space.

[0012] Preferably, the gap width between the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube matches the allowable relative sliding stroke of the inner ring tube, the gap is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner ring tube, and the width range of the gap is adapted to the diameter of the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube. Preferably, the rubber pad layer is bonded and fixed to the outer ring end plate and the inner ring end plate respectively, and the ball bearing can be disposed in the groove of the inner ring end plate or in the groove of the outer ring end plate.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the rigid rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner ring tube, and the other end of the rigid rod is fixedly connected to the side of the annular plate facing the inner ring tube. The connection points between the rigid rod and the inner ring tube and the annular plate are all rigidly fixed.

[0014] Preferably, the vibration isolation pad is sandwiched between the inner ring end plate and the outer ring end plate on the corresponding side, and the two sides of the vibration isolation pad are in contact with the outer side of the inner ring end plate and the inner side of the outer ring end plate, respectively.

[0015] This invention provides a seismic isolation and damping device for building structures. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention utilizes a nested design of inner and outer ring pipes to place the seismic isolation pad between end plates, achieving low-resistance relative sliding. Simultaneously, a rigid rod links the annular plate to agitate the viscous liquid within a sealed space enclosed by the elastic plate, integrating seismic isolation and damping functions into a single device. This integrated structure helps improve the problems of low synergistic efficiency and large space occupation caused by functional separation in existing technologies, enhancing the overall adaptability of building structure seismic isolation and damping systems.

[0016] 2. This invention uses modular components such as ring pipes, end plates, and elastic plates to form nodes, simplifying the construction process to the installation, correction, and fixing of the ring pipes. This avoids the complex structures such as post-cast sections and composite layers required by traditional seismic isolation nodes, reducing the stringent requirements for construction accuracy. At the same time, when the device needs to be replaced or maintained, only the node components need to be removed without dismantling the main structure. This helps to alleviate the problems of long construction cycles and the need to damage the main structure for later maintenance in existing technologies, improving the convenience and economy of engineering applications.

[0017] 3. This invention utilizes the nested gap between the inner and outer ring pipes to directly limit their maximum relative sliding stroke. Combined with the continuous contact constraint between the end plate and the seismic isolation pad, a self-limiting mechanism is formed that eliminates the need for additional limiting bolts, blocks, or other components. This design replaces the traditional method of displacement control relying on external auxiliary components, helping to optimize the problems of complex limiting structures and susceptibility to environmental influences in existing technologies, and ensuring the stability of displacement control and structural safety during seismic isolation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a planar schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber pad layer of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ball bearing of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 10, inner ring pipe; 11, outer ring pipe; 12, elastic plate; 13, pad layer; 131, rubber pad layer; 132, ball bearing; 14, rigid rod; 15, annular plate; 16, viscous liquid; 17, outer ring end plate; 18, inner ring end plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1: Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 5 This invention provides a seismic isolation and damping device for building structures, comprising: The device includes: Inner ring pipe 10; An outer ring tube 11 and an inner ring tube 10 are nested inside the outer ring tube 11. A gap is reserved between the inner ring tube 10 and the outer ring tube 11, and the inner ring tube 10 can slide relative to the outer ring tube 11 within the restricted range of the outer ring tube 11. The inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11; The vibration isolation pad 13 is disposed between the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 on the corresponding side; The elastic plate 12 is sealed to the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11 respectively, defining a closed space. Viscous liquid 16, filling a confined space; The annular plate 15 is installed in a closed space; Rigid rod 14 is fixedly connected to inner ring tube 10 and annular plate 15 respectively, and annular plate 15 moves synchronously with inner ring tube 10.

[0022] Specifically, the foundation is first fixed by casting the outer ring pipe 11 into the building foundation using pre-embedded anchors, ensuring that the outer ring pipe 11 is firmly installed and its axis is perpendicular. Then, the inner ring pipe 10 is precisely nested into the outer ring pipe 11, and the gap between them is adjusted to ensure a uniform circumferential distribution. This gap provides space for the inner ring pipe 10 to move while limiting its maximum sliding range. The inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11 by full welding, forming a support for the installation of the vibration isolation pad 13. The vibration isolation pad 13 is directly laid between the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 on the corresponding sides, achieving flexible contact between the two end plates. The elastic plate 12 is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the inner ring pipe 10 and the inner wall of the outer ring pipe 11 through the sealing lip. After being tightened by the pressure strip, a reliable seal is formed. The viscous liquid 16 is filled into the closed space enclosed by the inner ring pipe 10, the outer ring pipe 11 and the two elastic plates 12 through the injection hole until it is completely full. Finally, the injection hole is sealed to complete the assembly. When an earthquake acts on a building, the foundation and the superstructure experience horizontal vibration differences. A relative sliding tendency forms between the outer ring pipe 11 connected to the foundation and the inner ring pipe 10 connected to the superstructure. At this time, the seismic isolation pad 13 plays a buffering role, reducing the initial resistance of the relative sliding between the two, allowing the inner ring pipe 10 to slide smoothly within the gap of the outer ring pipe 11. While the inner ring pipe 10 slides, it drives the annular plate 15 located in the closed space to move synchronously through the rigid rod 14. The annular plate 15 is stirred in the viscous liquid 16, causing the liquid to generate viscous shear and flow, converting the kinetic energy transmitted by the earthquake into heat energy consumption. During this process, the elastic plate 12 always maintains the sealed state of the closed space to prevent the leakage of the viscous liquid 16 from affecting the energy consumption effect. The inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 maintain the relative position stability of the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11 through continuous contact with the seismic isolation pad 13.

[0023] By nesting the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11, and combining the buffering effect of the isolation pad 13 with the viscous energy dissipation of the annular plate 15, the seismic isolation and damping functions are integrated into a single device, eliminating the need for additional independent isolation and damping components. This simplifies the device structure and enhances functional synergy. The core components of the device are all modularly designed, and the installation process only requires steps such as fixing the ring pipe, laying it, and filling it with liquid. This makes the operation simple and compatible with conventional building construction techniques, reducing the difficulty of on-site construction. Relying on the gap restriction of the inner ring pipe 10 by the outer ring pipe 11 and the contact constraint between the end plate and the pad 13, a self-limiting mechanism without external limiting components is formed, ensuring that the displacement of the device is always controllable under seismic action. This improves the reliability of the seismic isolation and damping process and the structural safety, effectively solving the problems of functional separation, complex construction, or unreliable displacement control in traditional seismic isolation and damping devices.

[0024] Please see the appendix Figure 2-5In this embodiment, the vibration isolation pad 13 is specifically a rubber pad 131. The vibration isolation pad 13 can be any one of lubricating fluid, rubber pad 131, or ball bearing 132. The thickness of the vibration isolation pad 13 is adapted to the distance between the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17, and the vibration isolation pad 13 completely covers the relative contact surfaces of the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17. The rubber pad 131 is bonded and fixed to the outer ring end plate 17 and the inner ring end plate 18 respectively. The ball bearing 132 can be set in the groove of the inner ring end plate 18 or in the groove of the outer ring end plate 17.

[0025] Specifically, firstly, the nesting and fixing of the outer ring pipe 11 and the inner ring pipe 10, and the welding and installation of the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 are completed. Then, the rubber pad 131 is installed according to the vibration isolation requirements. In this embodiment, it is necessary to ensure that its thickness is precisely matched with the spacing between the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17, and that its size completely covers the relative contact surfaces of the two end plates. During installation, after cleaning the contact surfaces of the rubber pad 131 and the end plates, high-strength structural adhesive is used to bond and fix the rubber pad 131 to the outer ring end plate 17 and the inner ring end plate 18 respectively, ensuring that the bonding surface is free of bubbles and looseness.

[0026] When an earthquake causes a difference in horizontal vibration between the building foundation and the superstructure, a relative sliding tendency forms between the outer ring pipe 11 and the inner ring pipe 10. The rubber pad 131, reliably connected by adhesive bonding, undergoes elastic deformation during the relative movement of the end plates, buffering the vibration impact while maintaining contact stability. In this design, the thickness adaptation and complete coverage ensure the force balance and smooth movement during the seismic isolation process. The adhesive bonding of the rubber pad 131 further enhances the installation reliability of the isolation pad 13, avoiding problems such as misalignment and detachment during relative sliding, effectively improving the stability and durability of the device's seismic isolation function.

[0027] Please see the appendix Figure 1-3 There are two elastic plates 12. The two elastic plates 12 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the inner ring pipe 10, and the two elastic plates 12 are respectively set close to the two ends of the inner ring pipe 10. The inner ring pipe 10, the outer ring pipe 11 and the two elastic plates 12 together form a closed space.

[0028] Specifically, two elastic plates 12 are spaced along the axial direction of the inner ring pipe 10 and placed close to both ends, so that the inner edge of the elastic plate 12 is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer edge is precisely aligned with the inner wall of the outer ring pipe 11. After being circumferentially secured by pressure strips, the inner ring pipe 10, the outer ring pipe 11, and the two elastic plates 12 together form a sealed space, which is then filled with viscous liquid 16 to complete the assembly. When an earthquake causes the inner ring pipe 10 to slide horizontally relative to the outer ring pipe 11, the two elastic plates 12 undergo adaptive elastic deformation as the inner ring pipe 10 moves, always maintaining a tight seal with the ring pipe. Even if the sliding reaches the design limit, the structural stiffness can balance the force, avoiding seal failure. This not only improves the structural stability and sealing reliability of the sealed space and effectively prevents the leakage of viscous liquid 16 to ensure energy consumption function, but also reduces local wear of the elastic plates 12, extends their service life, avoids the problem of easy damage to rigid seals, and enhances the overall working reliability of the device.

[0029] Please see the appendix Figure 1-3 There are multiple rigid rods 14, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the inner ring pipe 10. The axis of each rigid rod 14 extends radially along the inner ring pipe 10. Both ends of the rigid rod 14 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner ring pipe 10 and the side of the annular plate 15, respectively. One end of the rigid rod 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner ring pipe 10, and the other end of the rigid rod 14 is fixedly connected to the side of the annular plate 15 facing the inner ring pipe 10. The connection parts of the rigid rod 14 with the inner ring pipe 10 and the annular plate 15 are all rigidly fixed.

[0030] Specifically, multiple rigid rods 14 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the inner ring pipe 10. The axis of each rigid rod 14 extends radially along the inner ring pipe 10. One end is rigidly fixed to the outer wall of the inner ring pipe 10, and the other end is rigidly fixed to the side of the annular plate 15 facing the inner ring pipe 10. Both connection points maintain a stable and unwavering rigid constraint. When an earthquake causes the inner ring pipe 10 to slide horizontally relative to the outer ring pipe 11, the inner ring pipe 10 directly transmits the motion power to the rigid rods 14 through its rigid connection with the rigid rods 14. The multiple rigid rods 14, evenly distributed circumferentially, are simultaneously stressed. Then, through their rigid connection with the annular plate 15, they drive the annular plate 15 to move synchronously with the inner ring pipe 10. The radial extension design of the rigid rods 14 ensures accurate power transmission direction and avoids motion deviation. The beneficial effects are: direct and efficient power transmission, ensuring the synchronicity of the movement of the annular plate 15 and the inner ring pipe 10; uniform force distribution, reducing local stress concentration; and stable and reliable connection, extending the service life of the device.

[0031] Please see the appendix Figure 1-3The annular plate 15 is located in the middle of the sealed space between the two elastic plates 12. The axis of the annular plate 15 is collinear with the axis of the inner ring pipe 10. The outer diameter of the annular plate 15 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring pipe 11, and the inner diameter of the annular plate 15 is larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring pipe 10.

[0032] Specifically, the annular plate 15 is installed in the middle of the sealed space between the two elastic plates 12. During installation, precise calibration ensures that the axis of the annular plate 15 is collinear with the axis of the inner ring pipe 10. The outer diameter of the annular plate 15 is set smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring pipe 11, and the inner diameter is set larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring pipe 10, ensuring that reasonable clearances are reserved between the annular plate 15 and both the inner and outer ring pipes 10 and 11. When an earthquake causes the inner ring pipe 10 to slide relative to the outer ring pipe 11, the annular plate 15 moves accordingly within the sealed space. The collinear axis design ensures that the movement trajectory of the annular plate 15 remains stable, without any deviation or tilting. Located in the middle between the two elastic plates 12, the annular plate 15 experiences more balanced force. The clearance design with the inner and outer ring pipes 10 and 11 prevents collisions or frictional interference with other structures during movement. This method of movement is interference-free and runs smoothly, contributing to improved structural reliability.

[0033] Please see the appendix Figure 1-2 The elastic plate 12 is sealed to the inner wall of the inner ring pipe 10 and the inner wall of the outer ring pipe 11. The edge of the elastic plate 12 forms a sealed fit with the contact parts of the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11 to define the sealed space.

[0034] Specifically, during installation, the elastic plate 12's edges are respectively fitted against the inner walls of the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11. The contact points form a tight seal through a suitable structural design, eliminating gaps in the contact surfaces. Through this double-sealed connection, the elastic plate 12, the inner ring pipe 10, and the outer ring pipe 11 together define a completely enclosed space. When an earthquake causes the inner ring pipe 10 to slide horizontally relative to the outer ring pipe 11, the elastic plate 12, with its own elastic deformation capability, remains fitted against the inner walls of the inner and outer ring pipes 11. The contact points between its edges and the two ring pipes maintain a stable seal, preventing gaps or loosening due to relative displacement. This continuously maintains the closed state of the sealed space, ensuring a stable seal and guaranteeing the integrity of the sealed space. It adapts to relative sliding, resulting in strong sealing reliability. The simple structural design enhances the continuity of the seal.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 1-3 The gap width between the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11 matches the allowable relative sliding stroke of the inner ring pipe 10. The gap is evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner ring pipe 10, and the width range of the gap is adapted to the diameter of the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11.

[0036] Specifically, when the inner ring pipe 10 is nested inside the outer ring pipe 11, the gap between them is controlled to ensure that the gap is evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner ring pipe 10. Simultaneously, the gap width is ensured to match the allowable relative sliding stroke of the inner ring pipe 10, and the gap width range is designed to fit the diameter dimensions of the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11. When an earthquake causes a difference in horizontal vibration between the building foundation and the superstructure, the inner ring pipe 10 slides relative to the outer ring pipe 11. The evenly distributed gap ensures that the inner ring pipe 10 experiences balanced forces in all directions, preventing jamming or displacement during sliding. The matching of the gap width with the allowable sliding stroke provides sufficient space for the inner ring pipe 10 to move while preventing the sliding amplitude from exceeding the design limit and causing structural damage. The matching design of the gap width with the diameters of the two pipes ensures coordinated stress on the overall structure and avoids localized stress concentration. This method helps the seismic isolation device of the building structure slide smoothly and experience balanced forces under earthquake action, strengthens the compatibility and coordination between the device and the ring pipe dimensions, ensures stable operation of the seismic isolation function, and improves the overall operational reliability of the device.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 2-5 The vibration isolation pad 13 is sandwiched between the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 on the corresponding side, and the two sides of the vibration isolation pad 13 are in contact with the outer side of the inner ring end plate 18 and the inner side of the outer ring end plate 17, respectively.

[0038] Specifically, the seismic isolation pad 13 is precisely placed between the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 on the corresponding sides. The position is adjusted so that both sides of the seismic isolation pad 13 are fully in contact with the outer side of the inner ring end plate 18 and the inner side of the outer ring end plate 17, respectively, ensuring no gaps or offsets in contact, forming a stable clamping structure. When an earthquake causes a difference in horizontal vibration between the building foundation and the superstructure, the inner ring end plate 18 tends to move relative to the inner ring pipe 10, and the outer ring end plate 17 tends to move relative to the outer ring pipe 11. The seismic isolation pad 13 sandwiched between the two directly bears the force of the two end plates, and the force is uniformly transmitted through complete contact, buffering the vibration impact. This method helps the building structure's seismic isolation device to evenly transmit the seismic isolation force, enhance the buffering effect, and ensure the stable and reliable seismic isolation function.

[0039] Example 2: Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 5 Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a seismic isolation device for building structures, most of which is the same as that in Embodiment 1, the main difference being the specific construction of the seismic isolation pad 13.

[0040] In this embodiment, the vibration isolation pad 13 is specifically selected from ball bearings 132. The thickness of the vibration isolation pad 13 is adapted to the distance between the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17, and the vibration isolation pad 13 completely covers the relative contact surfaces of the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17.

[0041] Specifically, the outer ring tube 11 and inner ring tube 10 are first nested and fixed, and the inner ring end plate 18 and outer ring end plate 17 are welded and installed. Then, the ball bearing 132 is installed. In this embodiment, the ball bearing 132 can be set in the groove of the inner ring end plate 18 or the groove of the outer ring end plate 17 according to the installation space and force requirements. The groove size is adapted to the ball bearing 132 to ensure reliable positioning.

[0042] When an earthquake causes a difference in horizontal vibration between the building foundation and the superstructure, a relative sliding tendency forms between the outer ring pipe 11 and the inner ring pipe 10. At this time, the seismic isolation pad 13 (i.e., the ball bearings 132) plays a role based on its own characteristics: the ball bearings 132 roll within the grooves of the corresponding end plates, converting sliding friction into rolling friction and reducing relative sliding resistance. In this method, the groove limiting design of the ball bearings 132 enhances the installation reliability of the seismic isolation pad 13 and ensures smooth movement.

[0043] Other components in this embodiment, such as the elastic plate 12, the rigid rod 14, and the annular plate 15, have the same structure, connection method, and working process as in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0044] Working principle: In the seismic isolation layer of a multi-story building foundation, when an earthquake causes a difference in horizontal vibration between the building foundation and the superstructure, a relative sliding tendency is formed between the outer ring pipe 11 connected to the foundation and the inner ring pipe 10 connected to the superstructure. At this time, the seismic isolation pad 13 between the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 takes effect: if it is a rubber pad 131, it will undergo elastic deformation with the relative movement of the two end plates; if it is a ball bearing 132, it will roll in the grooves pre-set in the end plates; if it is a lubricating fluid, it will fill the gap between the two end plates to form a lubrication interface. Through the action of the seismic isolation pad 13, the inner ring pipe 10 can slide relative to the outer ring pipe 11 in the gap reserved in the outer ring pipe 11. When the inner ring pipe 10 slides relative to the inner ring pipe 10, the rigid rod 14 fixedly connected to the inner ring pipe 10 synchronously drives the annular plate 15 to move. The annular plate 15 is in a closed space enclosed by the elastic plate 12, the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11. The closed space is filled with viscous liquid 16. The movement of the annular plate 15 causes the viscous liquid 16 to flow between the annular plate 15, the elastic plate 12 and the outer ring pipe 11, and the flow range is restricted within the closed space. During this process, the sealing fit between the elastic plate 12 and the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11 always maintains the closed state of the sealed space, ensuring that the viscous liquid 16 does not leak; the gap width between the inner ring pipe 10 and the outer ring pipe 11 limits the maximum stroke of their relative sliding, and the inner ring end plate 18 and the outer ring end plate 17 maintain their relative positional relationship through continuous contact with the vibration isolation pad 13, so that the overall movement is always within a controllable range.

Claims

1. A device for seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure, characterized in that, The device comprises: an inner ring tube (10); an outer ring tube (11), the inner ring tube (10) is nested in the outer ring tube (11), a gap is reserved between the inner ring tube (10) and the outer ring tube (11), and the inner ring tube (10) can slide relatively within the limit of the outer ring tube (11); inner ring end plates (18) and outer ring end plates (17) are respectively fixed at both ends of the inner ring tube (10) and the outer ring tube (11); a shock isolation cushion layer (13) is arranged between the inner ring end plate (18) and the outer ring end plate (17) on the corresponding side; an elastic plate (12) is sealingly connected with the inner ring tube (10) and the outer ring tube (11) respectively, and defines a closed space; a viscous liquid (16) is filled in the closed space; a ring-shaped plate (15) is arranged in the closed space; a rigid rod (14) is fixedly connected with the inner ring tube (10) and the ring-shaped plate (15) respectively, and the ring-shaped plate (15) moves synchronously with the inner ring tube (10).

2. A device for seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The shock isolation cushion layer (13) is any one of a lubricating liquid, a rubber cushion layer (131) or a ball (132), the thickness of the shock isolation cushion layer (13) is adapted to the distance between the inner ring end plate (18) and the outer ring end plate (17), and the shock isolation cushion layer (13) completely covers the relative contact surface of the inner ring end plate (18) and the outer ring end plate (17).

3. A device for seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein The number of the elastic plates (12) is two, the two elastic plates (12) are arranged in the axial direction of the inner ring tube (10) and are arranged close to both ends of the inner ring tube (10) respectively, and the inner ring tube (10), the outer ring tube (11) and the two elastic plates (12) jointly enclose the closed space.

4. A device for use in the seismic isolation or mitigation of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein The number of the rigid rods (14) is multiple, the multiple rigid rods (14) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner ring tube (10), the axis of each rigid rod (14) extends in the radial direction of the inner ring tube (10), and the two ends of the rigid rod (14) are fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner ring tube (10) and the side of the ring-shaped plate (15) respectively.

5. A device for seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein The ring-shaped plate (15) is located in the middle of the closed space between the two elastic plates (12), the axis of the ring-shaped plate (15) is collinear with the axis of the inner ring tube (10), the outer diameter of the ring-shaped plate (15) is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring tube (11), and the inner diameter of the ring-shaped plate (15) is larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring tube (10).

6. A device for use in seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein The elastic plate (12) is sealingly connected with the inner wall of the inner ring tube (10) and the inner wall of the outer ring tube (11), and the edge of the elastic plate (12) forms a sealing fit with the contact part of the inner ring tube (10) and the outer ring tube (11) to define the closed space.

7. A device for seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein The gap width between the inner ring pipe (10) and the outer ring pipe (11) matches the allowable relative sliding stroke of the inner ring pipe (10), the gap is uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner ring pipe (10), and the width range of the gap is matched with the diameter size of the inner ring pipe (10) and the outer ring pipe (11).

8. A device for seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure according to claim 2, wherein The rubber pad (131) is fixedly bonded with the outer ring end plate (17) and the inner ring end plate (18) respectively, the ball (132) can be arranged in the groove of the inner ring end plate (18) or the groove of the outer ring end plate (17).

9. A device for use in seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein One end of the rigid rod (14) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner ring pipe (10), the other end of the rigid rod (14) is fixedly connected with the side of the annular plate (15) facing the inner ring pipe (10), and the connection parts of the rigid rod (14), the inner ring pipe (10) and the annular plate (15) are all rigidly fixed.

10. A device for seismic mitigation or isolation of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein The shock isolation pad (13) is clamped between the inner ring end plate (18) and the outer ring end plate (17) on the corresponding side, and the two side surfaces of the shock isolation pad (13) are in contact with the outer side surface of the inner ring end plate (18) and the inner side surface of the outer ring end plate (17) respectively.

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