Thermal Cyclic Test Start-up Protection Device and Method

Abstract

This application provides a start-up protection device and method for thermal cycle tests, relating to the field of nuclear reactor technology. This application monitors the dynamic pressure and axial force of the turbine blade flow channel. When the dynamic pressure and / or axial force meet preset conditions, high-pressure helium gas is injected into the blade flow channel, and the rotational speed of the integrated starter is increased. This intervention addresses the pump effect under low-flow conditions during the start-up test of the experimental nuclear power unit, achieving safety protection during the unit start-up process and improving the unit's safety during the test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear reactor technology, and in particular to a thermal cycle test start-up protection device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal cycle systems (such as the Brayton cycle) have broad application prospects in small nuclear reactors and industrial waste heat recovery power systems. Currently, the main way to verify the performance of nuclear power units is through testing. However, since the performance of prototype units is still in the exploratory stage, the safety of the unit may be threatened during thermal cycle testing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To alleviate, reduce or eliminate the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a thermal cycle test start-up protection device and method to improve the safety of the unit during the test.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a thermal cycle test start-up protection device, applicable to a test nuclear power unit, wherein the test nuclear power unit includes a compressor, a turbine, and an integrated starter unit connected in sequence, and the device includes:

[0005] A dynamic pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the dynamic pressure in the turbine blade flow channel;

[0006] An axial force monitoring system is used to monitor the axial force of the turbine.

[0007] A helium filling system for supplying helium;

[0008] The controller is connected to the helium generator, the dynamic pressure monitoring system, the axial force monitoring system, and the helium filling system. When the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meet preset conditions, the controller controls the helium filling system to inject high-pressure helium into the blade flow channel and controls the helium generator to increase its rotational speed. The high-pressure helium is helium with a pressure higher than the dynamic pressure.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the controller is further configured to:

[0010] Determine whether the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meet the preset conditions;

[0011] In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meeting the preset conditions, the heuristic unit continues to be controlled to increase its rotation speed, and the helium filling system is controlled to increase the injection volume of the high-pressure helium until the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force no longer meet the preset conditions.

[0012] In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force not meeting the preset conditions, the helical generator continues to be controlled to increase its rotational speed, and the helium filling system is controlled to reduce the injection amount of high-pressure helium until the injection of high-pressure helium into the blade channel is stopped.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the preset conditions include the dynamic pressure pulsation value exceeding a first limit and / or the axial force fluctuation value exceeding a second limit;

[0014] The controller is also used to calculate the pulsation value of the dynamic pressure based on the dynamic pressure data monitored by the dynamic pressure monitoring system, and to calculate the fluctuation value of the axial force based on the axial force data monitored by the axial force monitoring system.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the pulsation value of the dynamic pressure exceeding the first limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference between the peak values ​​of the dynamic pressure over a period of time and the average value of the dynamic pressure over the corresponding period exceeds the first limit; and / or

[0016] The fluctuation value of the axial force exceeding the second limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference between the peak value of the axial force over a period of time and the average value of the axial force over the corresponding period exceeds the second limit.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the dynamic pressure monitoring system includes:

[0018] The pressure tap is located on the inner wall of the cylinder corresponding to the blade flow channel;

[0019] A dynamic pressure sensor is connected to the pressure-sensing tube.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the axial force monitoring system includes:

[0021] A force sensor is located at the thrust bearing housing of the turbine.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the turbine has an injection port and an exhaust port, and the helium filling system includes:

[0023] Helium source;

[0024] The pipeline has an inlet connected to the helium source and an outlet connected to the turbine's injection port.

[0025] A control valve is installed on the pipeline.

[0026] Secondly, this application provides a thermal cycle test start-up protection method, applicable to test nuclear power units, wherein the test nuclear power unit includes a compressor, a turbine, and an integrated starter unit connected in sequence, and the method includes:

[0027] Monitor the dynamic pressure in the turbine blade flow channel;

[0028] Monitor the axial force of the turbine;

[0029] In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meeting preset conditions, high-pressure helium is injected into the blade flow channel, and the rotational speed of the heuristic unit is increased, wherein the high-pressure helium is helium with a pressure higher than the dynamic pressure.

[0030] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0031] Determine whether the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meet the preset conditions;

[0032] In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meeting the preset conditions, the rotation speed of the heuristic unit is increased, and the injection volume of the high-pressure helium gas is increased until the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force no longer meet the preset conditions.

[0033] In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force not meeting the preset conditions, the rotational speed of the integrated helical generator is increased, and the injection amount of the high-pressure helium is reduced until the injection of the high-pressure helium into the blade channel is stopped.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the preset conditions include the dynamic pressure pulsation value exceeding a first limit and / or the axial force fluctuation value exceeding a second limit; the method further includes:

[0035] The pulsation value of the dynamic pressure is calculated based on the dynamic pressure data obtained from monitoring.

[0036] The fluctuation value of the axial force is calculated based on the axial force data obtained from monitoring.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the pulsation value of the dynamic pressure exceeding the first limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference between the peak values ​​of the dynamic pressure over a period of time and the average value of the dynamic pressure over the corresponding period exceeds the first limit; and / or

[0038] The fluctuation value of the axial force exceeding the second limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference between the peak value of the axial force over a period of time and the average value of the axial force over the corresponding period exceeds the second limit.

[0039] This application monitors the dynamic pressure and axial force of the turbine blade flow channel. When the dynamic pressure and / or axial force meet preset conditions, high-pressure helium is injected into the blade flow channel, and the rotation speed of the integrated induction generator is increased. This intervention addresses the pump effect under low turbine flow conditions during the start-up test of the experimental nuclear power unit, thereby achieving safety protection during the unit start-up process and improving the safety of the unit during the test. Attached Figure Description

[0040] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of this application; they are incorporated into and constitute a part of this application. The drawings illustrate embodiments of this application and, together with this specification, serve to explain the principles of this application. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental nuclear power unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal cycling test start-up protection device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the force sensor in the axial force monitoring system provided in this application embodiment;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the helium filling system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a thermal cycling test start-up protection method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of another thermal cycling test start-up protection method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0047] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0048] 100. Test nuclear power unit; 110. Compressor; 120. Turbine; 130. Initiator unit; 200. Thermal cycle test start-up protection device; 210. Dynamic pressure monitoring system; 220. Axial force monitoring system; 230. Helium charging system; 240. Controller; 2201. Force sensor; 1201. Thrust bearing housing; 2301. Helium source; 2302. Piping; 2303. Control valve; 500. Thermal cycle test start-up protection method; 600. Thermal cycle test start-up protection method. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, these drawings can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort. Unless obvious from the context or otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0050] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include plural forms. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0051] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0053] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define the objects is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding objects. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. In addition, although the terminology used in this application is selected from commonly known and used terms, some terms mentioned in this application's specification may have been chosen by the applicant according to his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of this description. Moreover, this application should be understood not only through the actual terms used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0054] It should be understood that when a component is referred to as "on another component," "connected to another component," "coupled to another component," or "in contact with another component," it can be directly on, connected to, coupled to, or in contact with that other component, or there may be an intervening component. In contrast, when a component is referred to as "directly on another component," "directly connected to," "directly coupled to," or "directly in contact with" another component, there is no intervening component. Similarly, when a first component is referred to as "electrically contacting" or "electrically coupled to" a second component, there is an electrical path between the first and second components that allows current to flow. This electrical path may include capacitors, coupled inductors, and / or other components that allow current to flow, even if there is no direct contact between the conductive components.

[0055] Flowcharts are used in this application to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in exact order. Instead, various steps can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more steps may be removed from these processes.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental nuclear power unit provided in the embodiments of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the experimental nuclear power unit 100 includes a compressor 110, a turbine 120, and a starter unit 130 connected in sequence. The turbine 120 includes components such as cylinders and blades, and has an injection port and an exhaust port. The starter unit 130 can function as both a starter motor and a generator. The experimental nuclear power unit 100 converts thermal energy into mechanical energy through the turbine 120, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity.

[0057] When performing performance verification on the experimental nuclear power unit 100, such as conducting thermodynamic cycle tests, it is necessary to verify the unit's start-up characteristics under low flow conditions. However, turbine 120 exhibits a pump effect under low flow conditions, causing separation vortices in its blade channels. This induces external air to be drawn into turbine 120, leading to mechanical damage and control instability in the experimental nuclear power unit 100. In extreme cases, surge may occur, affecting unit safety. It should be noted that the thermodynamic cycles discussed in this paper include Brayton cycles, multi-stage compression intercooling, and turbine intercooling reheat cycles.

[0058] This embodiment of the application monitors the dynamic pressure and axial force of the turbine blade flow channel. When the dynamic pressure and / or axial force meet preset conditions, high-pressure helium is injected into the blade flow channel, and the rotational speed of the integrated starter is increased. This intervenes in the pump effect under low turbine flow conditions during the start-up test of the experimental nuclear power unit, achieving safety protection during the unit start-up process and improving the unit's safety during the test. Because helium has a low density, its volume expansion after injection into the turbine is large, which can quickly replenish the flow rate of the blade flow channel.

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary thermal cycling test start-up protection device 200 provided in this application embodiment. The thermal cycling test start-up protection device 200 is suitable for... Figure 1 The experimental nuclear power unit 100 is shown. For discussion purposes, references will be made to... Figure 1 Describe the thermal cycling test start-up protection device 200. It is understood that the thermal cycling test start-up protection device 200 is not required to include... Figure 2 All elements shown may also be included in the thermal cycling test start-up protection device 200. Figure 1 Other elements not shown in the text.

[0060] The thermal cycling test start-up protection device 200 includes a dynamic pressure monitoring system 210, an axial force monitoring system 220, a helium filling system 230, and a controller 240. The controller 240 is connected to the dynamic pressure monitoring system 210, the axial force monitoring system 220, and the helium filling system 230.

[0061] The dynamic pressure monitoring system 210 is used to monitor the dynamic pressure in the blade passage of the turbine 120. In some embodiments, the dynamic pressure monitoring system 210 includes a pressure tap and a dynamic pressure sensor. The pressure tap is located on the inner wall of the cylinder corresponding to the blade passage, and the dynamic pressure sensor is connected to the pressure tap. By using the pressure tap, the dynamic pressure sensor can be located outside the cylinder of the turbine 120, which helps protect the dynamic pressure sensor and reduces costs. It is understood that in some other embodiments, the dynamic pressure sensor can also be directly located on the inner wall of the cylinder corresponding to the blade passage.

[0062] The axial force monitoring system 220 is used to monitor the axial force of the turbine 120. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 3 The axial force monitoring system 220 includes a force sensor 2201. The force sensor 2201 is located at the thrust bearing housing 1201 of the turbine 120, which is beneficial for monitoring the axial force. It is understood that the force sensor can also be located at other locations on the turbine 120, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0063] The helium filling system 230 is used to supply helium. In some embodiments, please refer to... Figure 4 The helium filling system 230 includes a helium source 2301, a pipeline 2302, and a control valve 2303. The helium source 2301 can be a helium storage component such as a high-pressure helium tank. The inlet of the pipeline 2302 is connected to the helium source 2301, and the outlet of the pipeline 2302 is connected to the injection port of the turbine 120 (not shown). The control valve 2303 is disposed on the pipeline 2302 and is used to control the helium flowing in the pipeline 2302. For example, the control valve 2303 is a solenoid valve. It is understood that the pipeline 2302 may include one or more branches, which can be configured according to actual needs, and the number of control valves 2303 is set accordingly.

[0064] The controller 240 is also connected to the helium-injection unit 130 (not shown). The controller 240 is configured to control the helium filling system 230 to inject high-pressure helium into the blade flow channel and control the helium-injection unit 130 to increase its rotational speed when the dynamic pressure and / or axial force meet preset conditions. The high-pressure helium is helium with a pressure higher than the dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel. In some embodiments, the controller 240 is further configured to determine whether the dynamic pressure and / or axial force meet the preset conditions; in response to the dynamic pressure and / or axial force meeting the preset conditions, continue to control the helium-injection unit 130 to increase its rotational speed and control the helium filling system 230 to increase the injection amount of high-pressure helium until the dynamic pressure and / or axial force no longer meet the preset conditions; in response to the dynamic pressure and / or axial force no longer meeting the preset conditions, continue to control the helium-injection unit 130 to increase its rotational speed and control the helium filling system 230 to decrease the injection amount of high-pressure helium until the injection of high-pressure helium into the blade flow channel stops.

[0065] In some embodiments, the preset conditions include the dynamic pressure pulsation value exceeding a first limit and / or the axial force fluctuation value exceeding a second limit. The controller 240 is further configured to calculate the dynamic pressure pulsation value based on the dynamic pressure data monitored by the dynamic pressure monitoring system 210, and to calculate the axial force fluctuation value based on the axial force data monitored by the axial force monitoring system 220. In an exemplary embodiment, the dynamic pressure pulsation value exceeding the first limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference in peak dynamic pressure over a period of time to the average dynamic pressure over the corresponding period exceeds the first limit; for example, the ratio of the maximum difference in peak dynamic pressure over 10 ms to the average dynamic pressure over the 10 ms exceeds 10%. The axial force fluctuation value exceeding the second limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference in peak axial force over a period of time to the average axial force over the corresponding period exceeds the second limit; for example, the ratio of the maximum difference in peak axial force over 10 ms to the average axial force over the 10 ms exceeds 10%. It is understood that the first limit and the second limit may be the same or different.

[0066] Figure 5This is a schematic flowchart of an exemplary thermal cycling test start-up protection method 500 provided in an embodiment of this application. The thermal cycling test start-up protection method 500 can be implemented through... Figure 2 The thermal cycle test start-up protection device 200 shown is implemented and is suitable for... Figure 1 The experimental nuclear power unit 100 is shown. For discussion purposes, references will be made to... Figure 1 A thermal cycling test start-up protection method 500 is described. It should be understood that the thermal cycling test start-up protection method 500 may include additional steps not shown and / or some of the steps shown may be omitted, and the scope of this application is not limited thereto.

[0067] In step S510, the dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel of turbine 120 is monitored.

[0068] In step S520, the axial force of turbine 120 is monitored.

[0069] In step S530, in response to the dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel and / or the axial force of the turbine satisfying the preset conditions, high-pressure helium is injected into the blade flow channel, and the rotational speed of the heuristic unit 130 is increased, wherein the high-pressure helium is helium with a pressure higher than the dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel.

[0070] In step S540, it is determined whether the dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel and / or the axial force of the turbine meet the preset conditions.

[0071] In step S550, in response to the dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel and / or the axial force of the turbine meeting the preset conditions, the rotational speed of the heuristic unit 130 is increased and the injection volume of high-pressure helium is increased until the dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel and / or the axial force of the turbine no longer meet the preset conditions.

[0072] In step S560, in response to the dynamic pressure of the blade channel and / or the axial force of the turbine not meeting the preset conditions, the rotational speed of the heuristic unit 130 is increased and the injection amount of high-pressure helium is reduced until the injection of high-pressure helium into the blade channel is stopped.

[0073] In some embodiments, the preset conditions include the dynamic pressure pulsation value exceeding a first limit and / or the axial force fluctuation value exceeding a second limit. The thermal cycling test start-up protection method 500 further includes: calculating the dynamic pressure pulsation value based on monitored dynamic pressure data, and calculating the axial force fluctuation value based on monitored axial force data. In an exemplary embodiment, the dynamic pressure pulsation value exceeding the first limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference in peak dynamic pressure over a period of time to the average dynamic pressure over the corresponding period exceeds the first limit; for example, the ratio of the maximum difference in peak dynamic pressure over 10 ms to the average dynamic pressure over 10 ms exceeds 10%. The axial force fluctuation value exceeding the second limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference in peak axial force over a period of time to the average axial force over the corresponding period exceeds the second limit; for example, the ratio of the maximum difference in peak axial force over 10 ms to the average axial force over 10 ms exceeds 10%. It is understood that the first limit and the second limit may be the same or different.

[0074] For a better understanding of this application, the following references are provided. Figure 6 The method for starting up the protection mechanism during thermal cycling tests is explained. Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, the peak change exceeding the limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference in the peak dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel within 10ms to the average value of the dynamic pressure of the blade flow channel within 10ms exceeds 10%, or the ratio of the maximum difference in the peak axial force within 10ms to the average value of the axial force within 10ms exceeds 10%.

[0075] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of an exemplary thermal cycling test start-up protection method 600 provided in an embodiment of this application. The thermal cycling test start-up protection method 600 can be implemented through... Figure 2 The thermal cycle test start-up protection device 200 shown is implemented and is suitable for... Figure 1 The experimental nuclear power unit 100 is shown. For discussion purposes, references will be made to... Figures 1-4 A thermal cycling test start-up protection method 600 is described. It should be understood that the thermal cycling test start-up protection method 600 may include additional steps not shown and / or some of the steps shown may be omitted, and the scope of this application is not limited thereto.

[0076] After starting the thermal cycling test and activating the protection device 200, it is determined whether the peak value change exceeds the limit. If not, the dynamic pressure in the turbine 120 blade flow channel and the axial force of the turbine 120 are continuously monitored. If so, helium is injected, and the speed of the motor (i.e., the starter motor 130) is increased. This is achieved by opening the control valve 2303 of the helium injection system 230. High-pressure helium from the high-pressure helium tank is injected into the turbine 120 blade flow channel through pipeline 2302. Simultaneously, the speed of the starter motor 130 is increased by increasing its power until the dynamic pressure pulsation and axial force fluctuation return to normal, and the peak value change is within the limit. Then, the injection volume of high-pressure helium is gradually reduced, while increasing the speed of the starter motor 130, until the dynamic pressure pulsation and axial force fluctuation return to normal when the injection of high-pressure helium stops. At this point, the speed of the starter motor 130 remains at the speed corresponding to the moment when the injection of high-pressure helium stops. Specifically, after helium charging and increasing the motor speed, the dynamic pressure in the blade flow channel and the axial force of the turbine are monitored simultaneously to determine whether the peak value change exceeds the limit. If so, the helium charging is gradually increased, such as by opening one or more pipeline branches to inject high-pressure helium into the blade flow channel or by increasing the flow rate of high-pressure helium in the pipeline through a control valve, while continuing to increase the motor speed until the peak value change does not exceed the limit. If not, the helium charging is gradually reduced, such as by closing one or more pipeline branches or by reducing the flow rate of high-pressure helium in the pipeline through a control valve, while continuing to increase the motor speed. The dynamic pressure in the blade flow channel and the axial force of the turbine are monitored simultaneously to determine whether the peak value change exceeds the limit. If so, the helium charging is gradually increased, while continuing to increase the motor speed until the peak value change does not exceed the limit. If not, the helium charging is further reduced until the helium charging is turned off and the peak value change still does not exceed the limit. At this point, the motor speed is maintained and continuous monitoring continues.

[0077] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above disclosure is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application, and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0078] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0079] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments, the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of the present application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments contain fewer features than all the features of the single embodiments disclosed above.

[0080] In some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the specification and claims are approximate values, which may be changed depending on the characteristics required by individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account specified significant digits and employ a general method of digit preservation. Although the numerical ranges and parameters used to confirm their breadth of application in some embodiments are approximate values, in specific embodiments, such values ​​are set as precisely as feasible.

[0081] Although this application has been described with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate this application, and various equivalent changes or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, any changes or modifications to the above embodiments within the essential spirit of this application will fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A thermal cycle test start-up protection device, applicable to a test nuclear power unit, wherein the test nuclear power unit comprises a compressor, a turbine, and a starter unit connected in sequence, characterized in that, The device includes: A dynamic pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the dynamic pressure in the turbine blade flow channel; An axial force monitoring system is used to monitor the axial force of the turbine. A helium filling system for supplying helium; The controller is connected to the helium generator, the dynamic pressure monitoring system, the axial force monitoring system, and the helium filling system. When the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meet preset conditions, the controller controls the helium filling system to inject high-pressure helium into the blade flow channel and controls the helium generator to increase its rotation speed. The high-pressure helium is helium with a pressure higher than the dynamic pressure. The controller is further configured to: Determine whether the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meet the preset conditions; In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meeting the preset conditions, the heuristic unit continues to be controlled to increase its rotation speed, and the helium filling system is controlled to increase the injection volume of the high-pressure helium until the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force no longer meet the preset conditions. In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force not meeting the preset conditions, the system continues to control the helical generator to increase its rotation speed and controls the helium filling system to reduce the injection amount of high-pressure helium until the injection of high-pressure helium into the blade channel stops. The preset conditions include the dynamic pressure pulsation value exceeding a first limit and / or the axial force fluctuation value exceeding a second limit. The controller is also configured to calculate the pulsation value of the dynamic pressure based on the dynamic pressure data monitored by the dynamic pressure monitoring system, and to calculate the fluctuation value of the axial force based on the axial force data monitored by the axial force monitoring system. Wherein, the pulsation value of the dynamic pressure exceeding the first limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference between the peak values ​​of the dynamic pressure over a period of time and the average value of the dynamic pressure over the corresponding period exceeds the first limit; and / or The fluctuation value of the axial force exceeding the second limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference between the peak value of the axial force over a period of time and the average value of the axial force over the corresponding period exceeds the second limit.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic pressure monitoring system includes: The pressure tap is located on the inner wall of the cylinder corresponding to the blade flow channel; A dynamic pressure sensor is connected to the pressure-sensing tube.

3. The apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The axial force monitoring system includes: A force sensor is located at the thrust bearing housing of the turbine.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine has an injection port and an exhaust port, and the helium filling system includes: Helium source; The pipeline has an inlet connected to the helium source and an outlet connected to the turbine's injection port. A control valve is installed on the pipeline.

5. A start-up protection method for a thermal cycle test, applicable to a test nuclear power unit, wherein the test nuclear power unit comprises a compressor, a turbine, and a starter unit connected in sequence, characterized in that, The method includes: Monitor the dynamic pressure in the turbine blade flow channel; Monitor the axial force of the turbine; In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meeting preset conditions, high-pressure helium is injected into the blade flow channel, and the rotational speed of the heuristic unit is increased, wherein the high-pressure helium is helium with a pressure higher than the dynamic pressure; The method further includes: Determine whether the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meet the preset conditions; In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force meeting the preset conditions, the rotation speed of the heuristic unit is increased, and the injection volume of the high-pressure helium gas is increased until the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force no longer meet the preset conditions. In response to the dynamic pressure and / or the axial force not meeting the preset conditions, the rotational speed of the integrated helical generator is increased, and the injection amount of the high-pressure helium is reduced until the injection of the high-pressure helium into the blade channel is stopped. The preset conditions include the dynamic pressure pulsation value exceeding a first limit and / or the axial force fluctuation value exceeding a second limit. The method further includes: The pulsation value of the dynamic pressure is calculated based on the dynamic pressure data obtained from monitoring. The fluctuation value of the axial force is calculated based on the axial force data obtained from monitoring. Wherein, the pulsation value of the dynamic pressure exceeding the first limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference between the peak values ​​of the dynamic pressure over a period of time and the average value of the dynamic pressure over the corresponding period exceeds the first limit; and / or The fluctuation value of the axial force exceeding the second limit means that the ratio of the maximum difference between the peak value of the axial force over a period of time and the average value of the axial force over the corresponding period exceeds the second limit.

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