Measuring device for crack slab staggering size and application method
By designing a measuring device consisting of a measuring cylinder, a measuring rod, a measuring rod knob, a reading window, and a power supply, the problems of insufficient accuracy and complex operation in the measurement of bridge crack misalignment in the existing technology are solved. This device enables rapid and accurate measurement of crack misalignment dimensions and is suitable for nighttime inspection of railway bridges.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610070362.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
AI Technical Summary
In the measurement of cracks and misalignments in bridge structures, the accuracy of manual contact measurement is greatly affected by human factors. Traditional optical instruments are expensive and complicated to operate, making them difficult to popularize on engineering sites, especially for daily inspections and rapid testing of railway bridges.
A measuring device consisting of a measuring cylinder, a measuring rod, a measuring rod knob, a reading window, and a power supply was designed. Through a scale pointer, a scale plate, and a meshing gear structure, it can achieve rapid and accurate measurement of crack misalignment size, and is suitable for nighttime inspection.
It enables rapid and accurate measurement of crack and misalignment dimensions, making it suitable for nighttime inspection of structures such as railway bridges. This shortens inspection and maintenance time and has significant economic benefits and practicality.
Smart Images
Figure CN121540031A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of crack size observation technology in concrete and other structures. Background Technology
[0002] As a crucial component of railway systems, cracks and misalignments in railway bridges can severely damage the structure. Cracks weaken the integrity of the concrete structure, accelerate the corrosion of internal steel reinforcement, and directly reduce the structure's load-bearing capacity. Misalignments further exacerbate crack development, leading to the fragmentation of the concrete cover and causing localized damage to expand rapidly, resulting in a greater impact on the bridge structure. Therefore, accurate measurement of cracks and misalignments in bridge structures is of paramount importance.
[0003] Currently, the measurement of crack misalignment dimensions in infrastructure such as bridges mainly relies on manual contact measurement and traditional optical instruments. Manual contact measurement is simple to operate and low in cost, but its accuracy is greatly affected by human factors, and the readings are highly subjective. Traditional optical instruments often require stable installation and precise alignment, have poor field adaptability, and demand a high level of skill from operators. In recent years, with the development of computer vision technology, some high-end applications have begun to use 3D laser scanning or high-resolution photogrammetry. However, due to high costs, complex operation, and high requirements for the measurement environment, these methods are mostly limited to scientific research or key project assessments, making them difficult to popularize in engineering sites, especially for routine inspections or rapid on-site detection of railway bridges. Therefore, a device for measuring crack misalignment dimensions is urgently needed at this stage. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a measuring device and application method for measuring the size of crack misalignment. This device can accurately measure the size of crack misalignment in concrete structures or other structures, providing a basis for the inspection and maintenance of concrete structures or other structures.
[0005] This invention relates to a measuring device and application method for measuring the size of crack misalignment. The measuring device for measuring the size of crack misalignment consists of a measuring cylinder 1, a measuring rod A 2-1, a measuring rod B 2-2, a measuring rod knob 3, a reading window 4, and a power supply 5. A scale pointer 6 is installed on the side of the measuring rod A 2-1, and a scale plate 7 is installed on the side of the measuring rod B 2-2. The scale plate 7 has scale lines. A vertical support frame 8 is installed at the end of the measuring rod A 2-1. The back of the measuring rod A 2-1 and the measuring rod B 2-2 are engraved with gear teeth A 9-1. The inner wheel 10 of the measuring rod knob 3 is engraved with gear teeth B 9-2. Gear teeth A 9-1 and gear teeth B 9-2 mesh with each other. The outer wheel 11 of the measuring rod knob 3 has anti-slip texture on its surface. The inner wheel 10 and the outer wheel 11 are connected by a wheel axle 12.
[0006] The application method of the above-mentioned measuring device for crack misalignment size includes the following steps: Step (1): Select the accurate location for measuring the misalignment of crack 28; Step (2): Adjust the scale pointer 6 on measuring rod A 2-1 to the middle of the reading window 4 for easy reading; Step (3): Release the locking of the support leg 16 of the measuring rod A 2-1, and support the bottom of the three extended support legs 16 on the surface of the structure 18 on one side of the crack 28; Step (4): Place the bottom end of the measuring rod B 2-2 against the surface of the structure 18 on the other side of the crack 28, and then take a reading in the reading window 4; Step (5): Retract and lock the bottom ends of the three legs 16 of the measuring rod A 2-1; Step (6): Retract measuring rod A 2-1 and measuring rod B 2-2.
[0007] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the measuring device can quickly determine the size of cracks and misalignments, ensuring measurement accuracy, and is particularly suitable for nighttime inspection operations of structures such as high-speed railway bridges, shortening railway inspection and maintenance time and meeting the needs of nighttime inspection of high-speed railway bridges and other structures, which is of great significance. The structure of this invention is relatively simple, highly practical, and offers significant economic benefits. Attached Figure Description
[0008] Figure 1 This is an elevation view of the measuring device. Figure 2 This is section II (test tube section). Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing of gear A on the measuring rod. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing of the gear B on the measuring rod. Figure 5 This is a 3D diagram of the measuring rod knob. Figure 6 This is the elevation view of the vertical support frame. Figure 7 This is section III-III (section of the fixed axis section). Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of IV-IV (with the outriggers locked). Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of IV-IV (with the outriggers extended). Figure 10 This is a diagram of a vertical support frame. Figure 11 It is a VV cross-sectional view (diagram of the lever's movement area). Figure 12 This is a VI-VI cross-sectional view (outrigger locking device diagram). Figure 13 This is a diagram showing the scale pointer aligned with the 0 mark on the scale plate. Figure 14 This is section II-II (cross-section of the reading window area). Figure 15 This is a diagram showing the layout of the bottom surface of the measuring cylinder. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the crack misalignment measurement operation. Detailed Implementation
[0009] The measuring device for measuring the size of crack misalignment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it consists of a measuring cylinder 1, measuring rod A 2-1, measuring rod B 2-2, measuring rod knob 3, reading window 4, and power supply 5; a scale pointer 6 is mounted on the side of measuring rod A 2-1, a scale plate 7 is mounted on the side of measuring rod B 2-2, the scale plate 7 has scale lines, and a vertical support frame 8 is mounted at the end of measuring rod A 2-1. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the back of measuring rod A 2-1 and measuring rod B 2-2 are engraved with gear teeth A 9-1, and the inner wheel 10 of the measuring rod knob 3 is engraved with gear teeth B9-2. Gear teeth A 9-1 and gear teeth B 9-2 mesh with each other; Figures 3-5 As shown, the outer wheel 11 of the measuring rod knob 3 has anti-slip texture on its surface, and the inner wheel 10 is connected to the outer wheel 11 by a wheel axle 12. Rotating the outer wheel 11 of the measuring rod knob 3 can drive the inner wheel 10 to rotate, which in turn drives the measuring rod A 2-1 and measuring rod B 2-2 to extend and retract along their longitudinal axis through the meshing action of gear teeth A 9-1 and B 9-2.
[0010] like Figures 6-9 As shown, the vertical support frame 8 includes a top cover 13, fixed shafts 14, torsion springs 15, and support legs 16. Three fixed shafts 14 are provided, each installed in a groove 17 of the top cover 13. The inner side of the torsion spring 15 is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 14, and the outer side of the torsion spring 15 is fixedly connected to the top end of the support leg 16. The elastic force of the torsion spring 15 allows the bottom end of the support leg to extend outwards until it is stopped by the edge of the groove 17 of the top cover. Figure 10 As shown, after the three legs extend outwards and support the surface of structure 18, the longitudinal axis of measuring rod A2-1 can be precisely perpendicular to the surface of structure 18, so as to accurately determine the size of the crack misalignment.
[0011] like Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, a limiting rod 19 is provided inside the top cover 13. The limiting rod 19 is a round rod. Two levers 20 are provided on the upper side of the limiting rod 19. The longitudinal axes of the two levers 20 are located on the same straight line. The top cover 13 is provided with a lever area 21 for the levers 20. The levers 20 can rotate within the lever area 21 to make the limiting rod 19 rotate around its axis. Three locking hooks 22 are provided on the lower side of the limiting rod 19. Each of the three legs 16 is provided with a locking ring 23. By rotating the limiting rod 19, the locking hooks 22 can be inserted into or removed from the locking rings 23, thereby locking or allowing the legs 16 to extend outward.
[0012] like Figure 13 As shown, the length from the center of the fixed shaft 14 to the bottom of the support leg is S1. After the bottom end of the outrigger is extended, the angle between the outrigger 16 and the axis of the measuring rod A2-1 is... α The distance from the center of the fixed shaft 14 to the top of the top cover 13 is S 2. The distance from the top of the top cover 13 to the scale pointer 6 is S 3. The distance from the bottom of measuring rod B 2-2 to the 0 mark on the scale plate 7 is... S 4, then the following condition is met: S 1cos α + S 2+ S 3= S 4. To ensure that the scale value on the scale plate 7 pointed to by the scale pointer 6 when measuring the crack misalignment size is the crack misalignment size.
[0013] like Figure 14 As shown, the surface of the reading window 4 is a convex lens 24, which is mounted on the focusing tube 25 of the reading window. The focusing tube 25 is connected to the observation hole 26 on the measuring tube 1 by a thread. The outer side of the focusing tube 25 is provided with anti-slip texture. By rotating the focusing tube 25, the distance between the convex lens 24 and the scale plate 7 can be adjusted so that the distance between the scale plate 7 and the convex lens 24 is within one focal length of the convex lens 24. The scale value on the scale plate 7 pointed to by the scale pointer 6 can be clearly read in the reading window 4.
[0014] like Figure 2 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, a power supply 5 is provided at the rear end of the measuring cylinder 1 to provide illumination for measuring the size of the crack misalignment. Two illumination sources A 27-1 are provided between the measuring rod A 2-1 and the measuring rod B 2-2 at the front end of the measuring cylinder 1 to provide illumination for selecting the measurement position and for operation during the measurement process; an illumination source B 27-2 is provided on each side of the observation hole 26 of the reading window 4 on the inner wall of the measuring cylinder 1 to provide illumination for the reading in the reading window 4.
[0015] The application method of the above-mentioned measuring device for crack misalignment size includes the following steps: Step (1): Select the accurate location for measuring the misalignment of crack 28; Step (2): Adjust the scale pointer 6 on measuring rod A 2-1 to the middle of the reading window 4 for easy reading; Step (3): Release the locking of the support leg 16 of the measuring rod A 2-1, and support the bottom of the three extended support legs 16 on the surface of the structure 18 on one side of the crack 28; Step (4): Place the bottom end of the measuring rod B 2-2 against the surface of the structure 18 on the other side of the crack 28, and then take a reading in the reading window 4; Step (5): Retract and lock the bottom ends of the three legs 16 of the measuring rod A 2-1; Step (6): Retract measuring rod A 2-1 and measuring rod B 2-2.
[0016] In step (1) above, select a suitable location for measuring the misalignment of crack 28 on the surface of the structure, turn on the illumination source A 27-1 of the measuring device, and determine the accurate location for measuring the misalignment of crack 28.
[0017] In step (2) above, rotate the measuring rod knob 3 of measuring rod A 2-1 to move measuring rod A 2-1 up and down, and adjust the scale pointer 6 on measuring rod A 2-1 to the middle of the reading window 4 for easy reading.
[0018] In step (3) above, move lever 20 to release the locking of leg 16 of measuring rod A 2-1, and then support the bottom of the three extended legs 16 on the surface of structure 18 on one side of crack 28 to ensure that the longitudinal axis of measuring rod A 2-1 is perpendicular to the surface of structure 18.
[0019] like Figure 16 As shown, in step (4), rotate the measuring rod knob 3 of measuring rod B 2-2 so that the bottom end of measuring rod B 2-2 touches the surface of structure 18 on the other side of crack 28, and then read the reading on the scale plate 7 pointed to by the scale pointer 6 in the reading window 4.
[0020] After the reading is completed in step (5) above, retract the bottom ends of the three legs 16 of the measuring rod A 2-1 at the same time, and then move the lever 20 to lock the legs 16.
[0021] In step (6) above, rotate the measuring rod knob 3 to retract measuring rod A 2-1 and measuring rod B 2-2, so as to facilitate carrying and protect measuring rod A 2-1 and measuring rod B 2-2.
Claims
1. A device for measuring the size of crack mismatch, comprising a measuring cylinder (1), a measuring rod A (2-1), a measuring rod B (2-2), a measuring rod knob (3), a reading window (4), and a power supply (5); the side of the measuring rod A (2-1) is provided with a scale pointer (6), the side of the measuring rod B (2-2) is provided with a scale plate (7) provided with scale lines, and the end of the measuring rod A (2-1) is provided with a vertical support frame (8); the back of the measuring rod A (2-1) and the measuring rod B (2-2) is provided with a gear A (9-1), the inner wheel (10) of the measuring rod knob (3) is provided with a gear B (9-2), and the gear A (9-1) and the gear B (9-2) are engaged with each other; the outer wheel (11) of the measuring rod knob (3) is provided with anti-skid lines, and the inner wheel (10) and the outer wheel (11) are connected through an axle (12).
2. The apparatus for measuring a fracture mismatch size according to claim 1, wherein The vertical support frame (8) comprises a top cover (13), a fixed shaft (14), a torsion spring (15), and a support leg (16); the fixed shaft (14) is provided with three, which are respectively arranged in the grooves (17) of the top cover (13), the inner side of the torsion spring (15) is fixedly connected with the fixed shaft (14), and the outer side of the torsion spring (15) is fixedly connected with the top end of the support leg (16); a limiting rod (19) is arranged in the top cover (13), and the limiting rod (19) is a circular rod; two lever rods (20) are arranged on the upper side of the limiting rod (19), the longitudinal axes of the two lever rods (20) are located on the same straight line, and a lever rod (20) moving area (21) is arranged in the top cover (13); three locking hooks (22) are arranged on the lower side of the limiting rod (19), and one locking ring (23) is arranged on each of the three support legs (16).
3. The apparatus for measuring the size of a fracture mismatch according to claim 1, characterized by The length from the center of the fixed shaft (14) to the bottom end of the support leg is S 1 The angle between the support leg (16) and the axis of the measuring rod A (2-1) after the bottom end of the support leg is extended is α 2 The distance from the center of the fixed shaft (14) to the top of the top cover (13) is S 3 The distance from the top of the top cover (13) to the scale pointer (6) is S 4 The distance from the bottom end of the measuring rod B (2-2) to the 0 scale on the scale plate (7) is S 5 Then it satisfies: S 1cos α + S 2+ S 3= S 4 4. The apparatus for measuring a fracture mismatch size according to claim 1, wherein The surface of the reading window (4) is a convex lens (24), the convex lens (24) is arranged on a focusing cylinder (25) of the reading window, the focusing cylinder (25) is connected with an observation hole (26) on the measuring cylinder (1) through threads, and the outer side of the focusing cylinder (25) is provided with anti-skid lines; the rear end of the measuring cylinder (1) is provided with the power supply (5), two illumination light sources A (27-1) are arranged between the front and rear of the measuring rod A (2-1) and the measuring rod B (2-2) at the front end of the measuring cylinder (1), and one illumination light source B (27-2) is arranged on the left and right sides of the observation hole (26) of the reading window (4) on the inner wall of the measuring cylinder (1).
5. The method of using the apparatus for measuring the size of a fracture mismatch according to claim 1, wherein, The steps are as follows: Step (1): selecting the accurate position for measuring the crack (28) mismatch; Step (2): adjusting the scale pointer (6) on the measuring rod A (2-1) to the middle of the reading window (4) for convenient reading; Step (3): unlocking the support legs (16) of the measuring rod A (2-1), and supporting the bottom ends of the three extended support legs (16) to the surface of the structure (18) on one side of the crack (28); Step (4): making the bottom end of the measuring rod B (2-2) top the surface of the structure (18) on the other side of the crack (28), and then reading in the reading window (4); Step (5): locking the bottom ends of the three support legs (16) of the measuring rod A (2-1); Step (6): retracting the measuring rod A (2-1) and the measuring rod B (2-2).
6. The method of using the apparatus for measuring the size of a fracture mismatch according to claim 5, wherein The step (1) selects the appropriate crack (28) dislocation measurement site at the crack (28) part of the structure surface, turns on the light source A (27-1) of the measurement device, and determines the accurate position of the crack 28 dislocation measurement.
7. The method of using the apparatus for measuring the size of a fracture mismatch according to claim 5, wherein The step (2) rotates the measuring rod knob (3) of the measuring rod A (2-1) to move the measuring rod A (2-1) up and down, and adjusts the scale pointer (6) on the measuring rod A (2-1) to the middle of the reading window (4) to facilitate reading.
8. The method of using the apparatus for measuring the size of a fracture mismatch according to claim 5, wherein The step (3) pulls the pull rod (20) to unlock the supporting legs (16) of the measuring rod A (2-1), and then supports the bottom ends of the three extended supporting legs (16) on the surface of the structure (18) on one side of the crack (28) to ensure that the longitudinal axis of the measuring rod A (2-1) is perpendicular to the surface of the structure 18.
9. The method of using the apparatus for measuring the size of a fracture mismatch according to claim 5, wherein The step (4) rotates the measuring rod knob (3) of the measuring rod B (2-2) to make the bottom end of the measuring rod B (2-2) touch the surface of the structure (18) on the other side of the crack (28), and then reads the reading on the scale plate (7) pointed by the scale pointer (6) in the reading window (4).
10. The method of using the apparatus for measuring the size of a fracture mismatch according to claim 5, wherein The step (5) retracts the bottom ends of the three supporting legs 16 of the measuring rod A (2-1) after reading, and then pulls the pull rod (20) to lock the supporting legs (16); the step (6) rotates the measuring rod knob (3) to retract the measuring rod A (2-1) and the measuring rod B (2-2) to facilitate carrying and protecting the measuring rod A (2-1) and the measuring rod B (2-2).