A controllable height seepage simulation and measurement device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of concrete durability testing technology and discloses a controllable height seepage simulation and measurement device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing. The device includes a pressurization module controlled by a global control system module, a high-pressure air pump, and an experimental main module. The experimental main module includes an experimental frame, a pressurization hoop assembly positioned above the inside of the experimental frame, a platform assembly positioned below the inside of the experimental frame, an isolation protective cover covering the pressurization hoop assembly and the platform assembly, and a detection module lifting assembly located on the side of the isolation protective cover. This invention employs a height-adjustable axial seepage and rapid surface development integrated detection strategy, combined with microwave programmed irradiation, to achieve rapid identification of the entire process from "visibility of seepage path" to "quantification of seepage flow," effectively avoiding observation failures caused by insufficient moisture evaporation or wetting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete durability testing technology, specifically to a controllable height seepage simulation and determination device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering applications, the impermeability of concrete structures is a key indicator for ensuring their long-term durability and service safety. With the development of engineering construction and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, the threat of seepage to concrete structures is becoming increasingly complex and severe.

[0003] Firstly, for structures such as high-level concrete water tanks and liquid storage pools, the interior is subjected to high hydrostatic pressure for a long time. The water has a driving force to continuously penetrate the concrete wall. Leakage not only wastes resources, but may also cause steel corrosion and structural damage.

[0004] Secondly, underground structures such as basement exterior walls and underground utility tunnels are often below the groundwater level. Under the pressure difference, water in the surrounding soil will migrate into the structure. Especially in coastal or saline soil areas, seepage water containing corrosive ions will significantly accelerate the deterioration of concrete.

[0005] Thirdly, in recent years, extreme weather events such as urban flooding have increased, subjecting large quantities of concrete pavements, retaining walls, and building foundations to short-term immersion or sudden water level changes. These transient or cyclic hydraulic loads place higher demands on the impermeability and fatigue resistance of concrete. These stringent conditions require precise assessment of the true impermeability of concrete materials and their failure mechanisms. However, existing standard testing methods for concrete impermeability (such as the permeability test and the seepage height test) have significant technical limitations. Their evaluation systems typically use only a single, general indicator—the "impermeability grade"—for general characterization. For example, the "Standard for Quality Control of Concrete" (GB 50164) defines P6 impermeable concrete as only indicating that under a water pressure of 0.6 MPa, four out of six specimens in a set show no seepage. This "pass / fail" judgment model is insufficient to meet the need for precise understanding of the impermeability characteristics of concrete and the water penetration process.

[0006] In fact, it is impossible for concrete to be absolutely impermeable. In engineering practice, the more critical scientific questions are: how exactly does water permeate concrete under different water pressure gradients? How does water migrate and penetrate the specimen layer by layer? Is the seepage flow uniform during the seepage process? Especially for thick concrete components commonly used in engineering (such as slabs with a thickness of 200mm or 400mm), how does the seepage path of water develop within them, and how does it eventually overflow? Only by systematically obtaining the above dynamic parameters can we deeply understand the seepage mechanism, thereby guiding the refined design and component optimization of impermeable concrete, and thus maximizing its impermeability.

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, current technical challenges lie in the lack of observation and quantification in the detection process, and the absence of effective means to actively induce and enhance observation signals regarding easily disturbed moisture migration phenomena. Specifically, moisture penetrates dense concrete very slowly, resulting in barely noticeable wetting or seepage stains on the sample surface. Furthermore, fluctuations in ambient temperature and humidity can easily cause these trace amounts of moisture to evaporate before accumulating and becoming apparent, making it impossible for the naked eye or conventional instruments to reliably detect seepage signs. The success rate and accuracy of observations heavily depend on environmental stability. Secondly, the leakage path in actual engineering projects is highly uncertain. Moisture may diffuse uniformly through the capillary network of the concrete matrix, or it may preferentially travel along weak channels such as internal microcracks and aggregate-paste interfaces. Existing methods can only provide an overall "average" seepage height or volume, failing to distinguish and quantify these two distinct transport modes. Therefore, they struggle to reveal the true mechanism of seepage and have limited value in guiding material improvement and engineering repair.

[0008] Current technological systems do not yet provide a systematic solution to the above-mentioned contradictions and suffer from the following key technological deficiencies:

[0009] First, there is no active and controllable mechanism for setting seepage conditions. Existing methods mostly rely on the spontaneous seepage of water under natural pressure gradients, and cannot actively construct axial seepage channels of specific height and direction inside the sample according to research or detection needs, so as to simulate seepage behavior or enhance seepage phenomena in different depth regions.

[0010] Secondly, there is a lack of effective means to visualize the seepage path. Current technology lacks a method to visually demonstrate the migration trajectory of water within concrete without damaging the sample, leaving the analysis of the transport mechanism at the speculative level.

[0011] Third, quantitative methods for seepage flow are indirect and easily affected by interference. Traditional methods that rely on weighing or observing surface water droplets are greatly affected by evaporation and cannot correlate the amount of water observed on the surface with specific internal pathways, resulting in crude quantitative results.

[0012] Fourth, the observation process is passive and inefficient. The entire detection process is time-consuming and requires precise timing, making it impossible to quickly capture and record the occurrence and development of seepage.

[0013] With the increasing demands for durability prediction and precise maintenance of concrete structures, the limitations of existing seepage detection technologies have become increasingly apparent. To address this, we introduce a controllable height seepage simulation and measurement device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The purpose of this invention is to provide a controllable height seepage simulation and measurement device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0016] A controllable height seepage simulation and measurement device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing includes a pressurization module, a high-pressure air pump, and an experimental main module controlled by a global control system module. The experimental main module includes an experimental frame, a pressurization hoop assembly set at the upper part of the experimental frame, a platform assembly set at the lower part of the experimental frame, an isolation protective cover covering the pressurization hoop assembly and the platform assembly, and a detection module lifting assembly set on the side of the isolation protective cover.

[0017] After the concrete sample on the platform assembly is lifted into the pressure hoop assembly, the pressure module injects water into the pressure hoop assembly to pressurize it, so as to create a high-pressure water head environment on the top of the concrete sample.

[0018] A high-pressure air pump is used to pressurize the pressure hoop assembly to completely and tightly seal the upper sidewall of the concrete sample.

[0019] The detection module lifting component includes several sets of parallel closed tracks, several sets of microwave reflective rings fixed on the inner wall of the parallel closed tracks, and several sets of microwave heating irradiators and infrared cameras fixed on the outer wall of the parallel closed tracks.

[0020] The enclosed track is driven by a corresponding drive motor, which drives the microwave reflector ring, microwave heating irradiator and infrared camera to move up and down synchronously.

[0021] The pressure clamp assembly and the platform assembly synchronously drive the concrete sample to rotate one revolution. The microwave heating irradiator is used to heat the concrete sample, and the infrared camera is used to take pictures of the concrete sample surface.

[0022] Preferably, the experimental frame includes a top plate for installing the pressure hoop assembly, a bottom plate for installing the platform assembly, and columns fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate, wherein the isolation protective cover is connected between the top plate and the bottom plate.

[0023] Preferably, the pressure-enclosing assembly includes a hollow column, a pressure-bearing cylinder fixed to the outside of the hollow column by several sets of spacers, a confining cylinder sleeved to the outside of the pressure-bearing cylinder, an elastic rubber cylinder fixed to the inner wall of the confining cylinder, and a flexible rubber seat fixed to the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder.

[0024] The flexible rubber seat is connected to the hollow column, and several sets of water outlet holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the flexible rubber seat.

[0025] The limiting connection assembly on the pressure-bearing cylinder is used to enable the confining pressure cylinder to move up and down relative to the pressure-bearing cylinder.

[0026] Preferably, the pressurization module includes a water tank, a water pump fixed to the top of the water tank, and a water injection pipe fixed to the outlet of the water pump;

[0027] The hollow column is provided with a hollow rotating shaft at the top. The hollow rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft at the output end of the first motor through a first reducer and is driven by it. A water collection cap is sleeved after the top of the hollow rotating shaft extends out of the first reducer. The water injection pipe is connected to the side of the water collection cap.

[0028] Preferably, the limiting connection assembly includes an upper limit ring fixed to the outer side of the top of the pressure cylinder and several sets of first electric rods and telescopic rods evenly spaced at the bottom of the upper limit ring;

[0029] The bottom output end of the first electric rod is connected to the outer wall of the confining cylinder. A lower limit ring is fixed on the outer side of the bottom of the confining cylinder, and the bottom output end of the telescopic rod is connected to the upper end of the lower limit ring.

[0030] Preferably, an air inlet pipe is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure air pump;

[0031] A spiral hose is provided in the space between the pressure-bearing cylinder and the hollow column, and the spiral hose is located between adjacent partition plates;

[0032] The pressure-bearing cylinder has a vertical slot on its side wall, and the upper part of the inner wall of the elastic rubber cylinder has a connector that extends through the vertical slot. The connector is connected to the inflation pipe through a spiral hose.

[0033] Preferably, the platform assembly includes a second reducer driven by a second shaft at the output end of a second motor, a turntable connected to the top output end of the second reducer, a rotating seat disposed on the turntable, a limiting plate fixed to the top of the rotating seat, and a platform disposed at the middle of the upper end of the limiting plate.

[0034] Preferably, the upper end of the turntable is provided with several sets of plug-in plates, and the plug-in plates are inserted into the corresponding plug-in slots at the bottom of the rotating seat;

[0035] A lifting ring is fitted onto the outer side of the bottom of the rotating seat, and the bottom of the lifting ring is connected to the top of the output end of the second electric rod.

[0036] Preferably, the two ends of the closed track are wound up by corresponding take-up wheels, and the take-up wheels are provided with worm gears on their sides, which mesh with the worm at the output end of the drive motor;

[0037] Several sets of parallel closed tracks are fixed with arc-shaped lifting plates. The microwave reflector ring is fixed to the inner wall of the arc-shaped lifting plate, and the microwave heating irradiator and infrared camera are fixed to the outer wall of the arc-shaped lifting plate.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adopts a highly adjustable axial seepage and rapid surface development integrated detection strategy, and at the same time, combined with microwave programmed irradiation, realizes rapid identification of the entire process from "visibility of seepage path" to "quantification of seepage flow", effectively avoiding observation failure caused by water evaporation or inconspicuous wetting.

[0039] This invention employs a multimodal image synchronous recording and data fusion analysis strategy, combining macroscopic phenomenon recording with microscopic thermodynamic response, which significantly improves the spatiotemporal resolution and reliability of concrete sample seepage detection.

[0040] This invention employs modular pressurization and gas... A reconfigurable seepage environment strategy for liquid-liquid synergistic control to achieve gas-liquid synergistic control Flexible setting of liquid boundary position and pressure. Users can customize the axial seepage zone and upper water pressure according to the actual seepage characteristics of concrete samples, simulating seepage behavior under different depths and water pressure conditions. This modular design enables the equipment to adapt to diverse test scenarios, providing a reconfigurable physical simulation environment for studying the seepage mechanism of concrete samples under different constraint conditions.

[0041] This invention employs a dynamic sealing strategy for the sample, combining rotational drive and jacking-up contact. The main experimental module uses synchronous upper and lower drive to rotate the concrete sample, ensuring overall stability and preventing relative slippage during rotation. Simultaneously, the flexible rubber seat and the water outlet form a dynamic sealing interface, maintaining a stable high-pressure water head environment even under the conditions of concrete sample rotation and micro-displacement. This design ensures a tight fit between the concrete sample and the pressure-adjusting hoop and platform components, while also enabling continuous rotation of the concrete sample under pressure, creating conditions for uniform surface heating and rapid moisture development. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a first three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a second three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection module lifting component and the isolation protective cover of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting component of the detection module of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective;

[0047] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drive motor, the winding wheel, and the enclosed track of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative arrangement of the pressure clamp assembly, the detection module lifting assembly, and the platform assembly of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure clamp assembly of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the confining cylinder and the elastic rubber cylinder of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connection between the pressure-bearing cylinder, hollow column, and flexible rubber seat of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective;

[0054] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow column driven by the first motor in this invention;

[0055] Figure 14 This is an exploded structural diagram of the platform assembly of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective;

[0057] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the platform assembly of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective shield, pressure hoop assembly, testing module lifting assembly, platform assembly, and concrete sample setup of the present invention.

[0059] In the picture:

[0060] 1. Global control system module;

[0061] 2. Pressurization module; 201. Water tank; 202. Water pump; 203. Water injection pipe;

[0062] 3. High-pressure air pump; 301. Inflation hose;

[0063] 4. Main experimental module; 401. Top plate; 402. Detection module lifting assembly; 40201. Enclosed track; 40202. Drive motor; 40203. Arc-shaped lifting plate; 40204. Microwave reflector ring; 40205. Rewinding wheel; 40206. Arc-shaped limit seat; 40207. Worm gear; 40208. Worm wheel; 403. Microwave heating irradiator; 404. Infrared camera; 405. Pressure clamp assembly; 40501. Pressure bearing cylinder; 40502. Confining cylinder; 40503. Telescopic rod; 40504. First electric rod; 40505. Upper limit ring; 40506. Lower limit ring; 40507. Spacer plate; 40508. Hollow column; 40509. Flexible rubber seat; 40510. Water outlet; 40511. Limit 40512, Positioning groove; 40513, Elastic rubber cylinder; 40514, Vertical slot; 40515, Connector; 40516, Spiral hose; 40517, Hollow rotating shaft; 40518, First reducer; 40519, Water collection cap; 40510, First rotating shaft; 406, Platform assembly; 40601, Rotating seat; 40602, Insertion plate; 40603, Second reducer; 40604, Second electric rod; 40605, Limiting plate; 40606, Platform; 40607, Second rotating shaft; 40608, Turntable; 40609, Insertion groove; 40610, Lifting ring; 407, Column; 408, Isolation protective cover; 409, Arc-shaped cover; 410, Base plate; 411, Second motor; 412, First motor; 413, Protective cover;

[0064] 5. Concrete sample. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] Example:

[0067] Please see Figures 1-17 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0068] A controllable height seepage simulation and measurement device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing includes a pressurization module 2, a high-pressure air pump 3, and an experimental main body module 4, all controlled by a global control system module 1.

[0069] The experimental frame includes a top plate 401 for mounting the pressure hoop assembly 405, a bottom plate 410 for mounting the platform assembly 406, and a column 407 fixed between the top plate 401 and the bottom plate 410. An isolation protective cover 408 is connected between the top plate 401 and the bottom plate 410.

[0070] The global control system module 1 includes a PLC controller, which is electrically connected to the water pump 202, high-pressure air pump 3, first motor 412, second motor 411, drive motor 40202, first electric rod 40504, second electric rod 40604, microwave heating irradiator 403 and infrared camera 404 of the pressurization module 2.

[0071] The microwave heating irradiator 403 uses a Toshiba 2M248K / J air-cooled magnetron with a power of 1kW. The industrial microwave magnetron generates microwave radiation, and the microwave energy reaches the concrete sample 5 to heat the seepage surface of the concrete sample 5.

[0072] The infrared camera 404 uses either a low-power USB camera module from VideoModules or a high-speed infrared thermal imager from Gewu Youxin (1024x640) to continuously photograph the surface of the concrete sample 5.

[0073] The global control system module 1 enables centralized and unified control of all functional modules of the entire device. It can precisely coordinate the operating sequence and parameters of each component (such as pressurization pressure, rotation speed, lifting height, etc.), reduce manual intervention, and improve the automation and accuracy of the experiment. At the same time, it facilitates the real-time collection of operating data of each component, enabling the traceability and controllability of the experimental process.

[0074] The main experimental module 4 includes an experimental frame, a pressure hoop assembly 405 set at the upper part of the experimental frame, a platform assembly 406 set at the lower part of the experimental frame, an isolation protective cover 408 covering the outside of the pressure hoop assembly 405 and the platform assembly 406, and a detection module lifting assembly 402 also provided on the side of the isolation protective cover 408.

[0075] The 408 protective shield can effectively isolate external environmental factors such as dust and airflow from interfering with the experiment, ensuring the stability of the experimental environment.

[0076] The pressure-enclosing assembly 405 includes a hollow column 40508, a pressure-bearing cylinder 40501 fixed to the outside of the hollow column 40508 by several sets of spacers 40507, a confining cylinder 40502 sleeved to the outside of the pressure-bearing cylinder 40501, an elastic rubber cylinder 40512 fixed to the inner wall of the confining cylinder 40502, and a flexible rubber seat 40509 fixed to the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder 40501.

[0077] The flexible rubber seat 40509 is connected to the hollow column 40508, and the bottom of the flexible rubber seat 40509 is evenly distributed with several sets of water outlet holes 40510; the bottom of the flexible rubber seat 40509 is provided with a limiting groove 40511 for inserting the top of the concrete sample 5; the limiting groove 40511 can achieve precise positioning of the top of the concrete sample 5, and avoid uneven seepage caused by sample displacement.

[0078] The limiting connection assembly on the pressure cylinder 40501 is used to enable the confining pressure cylinder 40502 to move up and down relative to the pressure cylinder 40501.

[0079] The pressurization module 2 includes a water tank 201, a water pump 202 fixed on the top of the water tank 201, and a water injection pipe 203 fixed at the outlet of the water pump 202;

[0080] The hollow column 40508 has a hollow rotating shaft 40516 at the top. The hollow rotating shaft 40516 is connected to the first rotating shaft 40519 at the output end of the first motor 412 via the first reducer 40517. The top of the hollow rotating shaft 40516 extends out of the first reducer 40517 and is fitted with a water collection cap 40518. The water injection pipe 203 is connected to the side of the water collection cap 40518.

[0081] The first motor 412 is fixed to the upper end of the top plate 401.

[0082] The high-pressure water inside the hollow column 40508 can be directly delivered to the flexible rubber seat 40509, and then evenly applied to the top of the concrete sample 5 through the water outlet 40510 to ensure the uniformity of the seepage pressure.

[0083] The flexible rubber seat 40509 is made of soft material and can fit tightly against the top of the concrete sample 5 to enhance the sealing and prevent high-pressure water leakage.

[0084] The hollow shaft 40516 is connected to the drive of the first motor 412, and the top of the hollow shaft 40516 is connected to the water collection cap 40518. Through the speed reduction transmission of the first reducer 40517, the rotation speed of the hollow shaft 40516 can be precisely adjusted to achieve the smooth rotation of the pressure hoop assembly 405.

[0085] The hollow rotating shaft 40516 has both transmission and water conveyance functions. It not only realizes the rotation drive of the pressurized hoop assembly 405, but also ensures the stable delivery of high-pressure water to the hollow column 40508, which simplifies the structural design and reduces component redundancy.

[0086] The water collection cap 40518 enables a flexible connection between the water injection pipe 203 and the hollow rotating shaft 40516, preventing the water injection pipe 203 from getting tangled when the hollow rotating shaft 40516 rotates, thus ensuring smooth water delivery.

[0087] The limiting connection assembly includes an upper limit ring 40505 fixed to the outer side of the top of the pressure cylinder 40501, and several sets of first electric rods 40504 and telescopic rods 40503 equally spaced at the bottom of the upper limit ring 40505.

[0088] The bottom output end of the first electric rod 40504 is connected to the outer wall of the confining cylinder 40502. A lower limit ring 40506 is fixed on the outer side of the bottom of the confining cylinder 40502. The bottom output end of the telescopic rod 40503 is connected to the upper end of the lower limit ring 40506.

[0089] The first electric rod 40504 can drive the confining pressure cylinder 40502 to move up and down relative to the bearing cylinder 40501, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the confining pressure cylinder 40502 according to the height of the concrete sample 5, and ensure that the elastic rubber cylinder 40512 can accurately act on the effective area of ​​the side wall of the sample; the telescopic rod 40503 can assist in supporting the confining pressure cylinder 40502, improve the stability of the confining pressure cylinder 40502 during the movement process, and avoid tilting.

[0090] An air inlet tube 301 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure air pump 3;

[0091] A spiral hose 40515 is provided in the space between the pressure cylinder 40501 and the hollow column 40508, and the spiral hose 40515 is located between adjacent partition plates 40507.

[0092] The pressure cylinder 40501 has a vertical slot 40513 on its side wall, and the upper part of the inner wall of the elastic rubber cylinder 40512 has a connector 40514 that extends through the vertical slot 40513. The connector 40514 is connected to the inflation pipe 301 through a spiral hose 40515.

[0093] The spacer plate 40507 can provide stable support between the pressure-bearing cylinder 40501 and the confining cylinder 40502, while also providing space for the spiral hose 40515;

[0094] The spiral hose 40515 can accommodate the up-and-down movement of the confining cylinder 40502 and the rotation of the pressurizing hoop assembly 405, ensuring the continuity of the inflation channel.

[0095] After being inflated, the 40512 elastic rubber cylinder can fit tightly against the side wall of the concrete sample 5, achieving effective sealing of the side wall. Moreover, the rubber material has good elasticity and can be adapted to concrete samples 5 of different sizes, thus enhancing the versatility of the lifting device.

[0096] The platform assembly 406 includes a second reducer 40603 driven by a second rotating shaft 40607 at the output end of a second motor 411, a turntable 40608 connected to the top output end of the second reducer 40603, a rotating seat 40601 disposed on the turntable 40608, a limiting plate 40605 fixed to the top of the rotating seat 40601, and a platform 40606 disposed at the middle of the upper end of the limiting plate 40605.

[0097] The second motor 411 is fixed on the base plate 410, and the second rotating shaft 40607 extends through into the bottom of the isolation protective cover 408.

[0098] The upper end of the turntable 40608 is provided with several sets of plug-in plates 40602, which are inserted into the corresponding plug-in slots 40609 at the bottom of the rotating seat 40601.

[0099] The plug-in connection between turntable 40608 and rotating base 40601 enables quick assembly and disassembly of turntable 40608 and rotating base 40601, facilitating the maintenance and replacement of rotating base 40601 and platform 40606. After rotating base 40601 is moved upward, it can also ensure that the rotational power of turntable 40608 can be accurately transmitted to rotating base 40601, avoiding slippage or deviation during power transmission and ensuring rotational synchronization.

[0100] A lifting ring 40610 is sleeved on the outer side of the bottom of the rotating base 40601, and the bottom of the lifting ring 40610 is connected to the top of the output end of the second electric rod 40604. The second electric rod 40604 is arranged in two symmetrical sets on the upper end of the base plate 410.

[0101] The second electric rod 40604 can smoothly lift the rotating seat 40601 through the lifting ring 40610, thereby adjusting the height of the concrete sample 5 and facilitating the precise docking of the sample with the pressure hoop assembly 405.

[0102] The outer diameters of the upper limit ring 40505, lower limit ring 40506, and limit plate 40605 are all consistent with the inner diameter of the isolation protective cover 408. The confining cylinder 40502 and the platform 40606 are limited when moving up and down to avoid structural damage caused by tilting.

[0103] The second motor 411 is connected to the turntable 40608 for driving. The second reducer 40603 reduces speed and increases torque, which can precisely control the rotation speed of the turntable 40608 and ensure the smooth rotation of the concrete sample 5. It works in conjunction with the rotation drive of the pressure hoop assembly 405 to achieve synchronous rotation of the sample and the pressure structure, avoid seepage interference caused by relative motion, and ensure the uniformity of seepage.

[0104] The two ends of the closed track 40201 are wound up by corresponding take-up wheels 40205. The take-up wheels 40205 are provided with worm gears 40208 on the side. The worm gears 40208 mesh with the worm 40207 at the output end of the drive motor 40202.

[0105] Several sets of parallel closed tracks 40201 are fixed with arc-shaped lifting plates 40203, microwave reflector rings 40204 are fixed to the inner wall of the arc-shaped lifting plates 40203, and microwave heating irradiator 403 and infrared camera 404 are fixed to the outer wall of the arc-shaped lifting plates 40203.

[0106] The drive motor 40202 is connected to the worm gear drive of the take-up reel 40205 (worm 40207 meshes with worm wheel 40208). The worm gear drive has a self-locking function, which allows the enclosed track 40201 to stay stably at any height position, ensuring the positional stability of the microwave heating irradiator 403 and infrared camera 404 during the detection process. At the same time, the transmission ratio is precise, which can realize the smooth lifting and lowering of the arc-shaped lifting plate 40203, avoiding the impact of vibration during the lifting and lowering process on the detection accuracy.

[0107] Multiple sets of enclosed tracks 40201 can jointly support the arc-shaped lifting plate 40203, improving the load-bearing capacity and stability of the lifting structure; the arc-shaped design of the arc-shaped lifting plate 40203 is compatible with the columnar structure of the concrete sample 5, allowing the microwave reflector ring 40204 to be close to the sample surface, enhancing the uniformity of microwave heating; the microwave reflector ring 40204, the microwave heating irradiator 403, and the infrared camera 404 are integrated into the same arc-shaped lifting plate 40203, realizing the synchronous lifting and movement of the three, ensuring the consistency of the detection position and improving the accuracy of the detection data.

[0108] The microwave reflector ring 40204 is located on the outside of the cylindrical concrete sample 5, and the inner wall surface of the microwave reflector ring 40204 is provided with an uneven reflective surface. The microwave radiation generated by the industrial microwave magnetron passes through the concrete sample 5 and is then reflected back to the concrete sample 5 via the inner wall surface of the microwave reflector ring 40204. This reduces microwave radiation loss and improves the efficiency of microwave heating of the seepage surface of the concrete sample 5.

[0109] The protective cover 408 has a front opening and a rear opening respectively. The concrete sample 5 is placed on the upper end of the platform 40606 of the platform assembly 406 through the rear opening, and the rear opening is sealed with an arc-shaped cover 409.

[0110] An arc-shaped limiting seat 40206 located at the upper and lower ends of the front opening is fixed on the outer wall of the isolation protective cover 408, and the closed track 40201 passes through the arc-shaped limiting seat 40206.

[0111] The arc-shaped limiting seat 40206 can guide the movement of the closed track 40201, ensuring that the closed track 40201 moves smoothly along the arc-shaped trajectory. Furthermore, several groups of closed tracks 40201 can be arranged in an arc shape to seal the front opening of the isolation protective cover 408.

[0112] Furthermore, a protective cover 413 is fixed on the outer wall of the isolation protective cover 408, which covers the outside of the winding wheel 40205, worm gear 40208, drive motor 40202, worm 40207 and arc-shaped limit seat 40206.

[0113] The protective cover 413 can protect the transmission components such as the winding wheel 40205, worm gear 40208, drive motor 40202, and worm 40207, preventing external dust and debris from entering and affecting the transmission stability, while ensuring the safety of experimental operations.

[0114] After the concrete sample 5 on the platform assembly 406 is lifted into the pressure hoop assembly 405, the pressure module 2 injects water into the pressure hoop assembly 405 to pressurize it, so as to form a high-pressure water head environment at the top of the concrete sample 5, so as to realize the axial transmission of water inside the concrete sample 5 within a certain height.

[0115] The high-pressure air pump 3 is used to pressurize the pressurized hoop assembly 405 to completely and tightly seal the upper sidewall of the concrete sample 5.

[0116] The detection module lifting component 402 includes several sets of parallel closed tracks 40201, several sets of microwave reflective rings 40204 fixed on the inner wall of the parallel closed tracks 40201, and several sets of microwave heating irradiators 403 and infrared cameras 404 fixed on the outer wall of the parallel closed tracks 40201.

[0117] The closed track 40201 is driven by the corresponding drive motor 40202, which drives the microwave reflector ring 40204 to move up and down synchronously with the microwave heating irradiator 403 and the infrared camera 404.

[0118] The pressure clamp assembly 405 and the platform assembly 406 synchronously drive the concrete sample 5 to rotate one revolution. The microwave heating irradiator 403 is used to heat the concrete sample 5, and the infrared camera 404 is used to take pictures of the surface of the concrete sample 5.

[0119] In the permeability test, the axial transport of water within a certain height of the columnar concrete sample 5, as well as the rapid fixation and development of salt on the test surface, are determined by recording actual surface images and high-resolution infrared images, thereby determining the water seepage flow rate and transport path within a certain time period.

[0120] This invention is particularly applicable to a detection scheme for rapid and quantitative observation of the normal transport path and seepage flow of water within a set seepage height, mainly targeting concrete water tanks, hydraulic engineering high-level water conveyance and storage facilities with high seepage resistance requirements.

[0121] This invention tests concrete samples (5) of different sizes at a limited height (section). Utilizing the characteristic of residual salt development after evaporation of saline solution, combined with microwave-assisted drying, the water seepage rate at different height sections of the component can be calculated. Simultaneously, infrared imaging technology allows for direct observation of the distribution and migration of moisture below the cross-section. This method can accurately reveal the seepage and escape behavior of moisture at different cross-sections within a concrete component. By sequentially selecting different heights for testing, the path of water penetration in concrete and the trend of seepage rate along height can be systematically depicted, thereby achieving dynamic, visual, and quantitative analysis of the seepage process.

[0122] (1) Integrated detection strategy of highly adjustable axial flow and rapid surface development:

[0123] When the high-pressure air pump 3 is working, the elastic rubber cylinder 40512 is inflated and expands, which flexibly clamps the upper part of the columnar concrete sample 5, forming a locally closed axial seepage channel. This allows the water transmission height inside the columnar concrete sample 5 to be set manually according to the test requirements, breaking through the limitation of the uncontrollable natural water seepage height in the traditional method.

[0124] Simultaneously combined with programmed microwave irradiation:

[0125] First stage: Microwave heating is applied to the seepage surface of concrete sample 5 using microwave heating irradiator 403. The temperature difference between the water and dry areas is used to form infrared thermal image differences, which visually presents the water transport path.

[0126] The second stage involves microwave heating to accelerate the evaporation of water from the surface of concrete sample 5, causing solutes in the saline test water to precipitate and form white salt spots. An infrared camera 404 captures images of the surface of concrete sample 5, and the seepage flow is then quantitatively deduced through image grayscale analysis. This strategy achieves rapid identification of the entire process, from "visibility of the seepage path" to "quantification of seepage flow," effectively avoiding observation failures caused by insufficient water evaporation or wetting.

[0127] (2) Multimodal image synchronous recording and data fusion analysis strategy:

[0128] The infrared camera 404 of the lifting component 402 moves synchronously along the height direction of the concrete sample 5 through the detection module, and rotates relative to the concrete sample 5, realizing the acquisition of multispectral images of the seepage surface at the same time series, recording the salt spot formation process, capturing the temperature field distribution changes, and the time of both. Spatial alignment, through image fusion and grayscale analysis, accurately extracts the spatial distribution characteristics of moisture transport paths and the time-varying seepage data. This strategy combines macroscopic phenomenon recording with microscopic thermodynamic response, significantly improving the spatiotemporal resolution and reliability of seepage detection in concrete sample 5.

[0129] (3) Modular pressurization and gas Reconfigurable seepage environment strategy for liquid-coordinated control:

[0130] The global control system module 1 independently regulates the pressurization module 2 (providing high-pressure water head to the top of the concrete sample 5) and the high-pressure air pump 3 (forming a closed section of the elastic rubber cylinder 40512), realizing the air... Flexible setting of liquid boundary position and pressure.

[0131] Users can customize the axial seepage range and upper water pressure based on the actual seepage characteristics of concrete sample 5, simulating seepage behavior under different depths and water pressures. This modular design enables the equipment to adapt to diverse test scenarios, providing a reconfigurable physical simulation environment for studying the seepage mechanism of concrete sample 5 under different constraint conditions.

[0132] (4) Dynamic sealing strategy for samples with coordinated rotation drive and lifting and bonding:

[0133] The main experimental module 4 uses a synchronous drive to rotate the concrete sample 5, ensuring that the concrete sample 5 remains stable and does not slip relative to each other during rotation.

[0134] Meanwhile, the flexible rubber seat 40509 and the water outlet 40510 form a dynamic sealing interface, maintaining a stable high-pressure water head environment even under the conditions of rotation and micro-displacement of the concrete sample 5. This design ensures a tight fit between the concrete sample 5 and the pressure hoop assembly 405 and the platform assembly 406, while also enabling continuous rotation of the concrete sample 5 under pressure, thus creating conditions for uniform surface heating and rapid moisture development.

[0135] Specifically, when using it:

[0136] This device coordinates the operation of the pressurization module 2, the high-pressure air pump 3, and the main experimental module 4 through the global control system module 1, enabling the precise construction of the seepage simulation environment for the concrete sample 5 and the dynamic detection of the seepage process. The core logic follows the process of "sample positioning - environment construction - dynamic coordination - detection and imaging," with the specific steps as follows:

[0137] 1. Sample placement and initial positioning stage:

[0138] First, open the arc-shaped cover 409 at the rear opening of the isolation protective cover 408, place the concrete sample 5 through the rear opening onto the upper end of the platform 40606 of the platform assembly 406, and close the arc-shaped cover 409 to make the isolation protective cover 408 form a closed space, reducing the interference of the external environment on the experiment.

[0139] Subsequently, the second electric rod 40604 is activated by the PLC controller of the global control system module 1. The output end of the second electric rod 40604 extends and drives the rotating seat 40601 and the concrete sample 5 to move upward through the lifting ring 40610 until the top of the concrete sample 5 is inserted into the limiting groove 40511 of the flexible rubber seat 40509 at the bottom of the pressure hoop assembly 405, thus completing the vertical positioning of the concrete sample 5 and ensuring that the water flow can accurately act on the top of the sample during subsequent seepage simulation.

[0140] 2. Sealed Environment Construction Phase:

[0141] The first electric rod 40504 is activated by the PLC controller of the global control system module 1, so that the confining cylinder 40502 moves down along the pressure bearing cylinder 40501 until the elastic rubber cylinder 40512 covers the upper outer side of the concrete sample 5.

[0142] The high-pressure air pump 3 is started by the global control system module 1. The high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure air pump 3 is delivered to the spiral hose 40515 through the air filling pipe 301, and then acts on the elastic rubber cylinder 40512 on the inner wall of the confining cylinder 40502 through the connector 40514.

[0143] The 40512 elastic rubber cylinder expands after being inflated, tightly fitting the upper sidewall of the concrete sample 5 to achieve a complete seal on the upper sidewall of the concrete sample 5, preventing subsequent high-pressure seepage water from leaking from the sidewall and ensuring the stability of the seepage pressure.

[0144] 3. High-pressure water head seepage environment construction stage:

[0145] The PLC controller of the global control system module 1 controls the water pump 202 of the pressurization module 2 to start. The water or salt water in the water tank 201 is transported to the water collection cap 40518 through the water injection pipe 203, flows into the hollow column 40508 through the hollow rotating shaft 40516, and finally acts evenly on the top of the concrete sample 5 through several sets of water outlet holes 40510 at the bottom of the flexible rubber seat 40509.

[0146] According to the experimental requirements, the output pressure of the water pump 202 was adjusted by the global control system module 1 to construct a high-pressure water head environment with a controllable height on the top of the concrete sample 5, simulating the seepage conditions under different water head pressures.

[0147] 4. Power Coordination and Testing Preparation Phase:

[0148] During the experiment, the PLC controller of the global control system module 1 synchronously started the first motor 412 and the second motor 411:

[0149] The first motor 412 drives the hollow shaft 40516 to rotate through the first rotating shaft 40519 and the first reducer 40517, thereby driving the pressure hoop assembly 405 to rotate as a whole.

[0150] The second motor 411 drives the turntable 40608 to rotate via the second rotating shaft 40607 and the second reducer 40603. The turntable 40608 cooperates with the insertion slot 40609 at the bottom of the rotating seat 40601 via the insertion plate 40602, thereby driving the rotating seat 40601, the platform 40606 and the concrete sample 5 to rotate synchronously, so as to realize the coordinated rotation of the pressure hoop assembly 405 and the concrete sample 5 and ensure uniform seepage.

[0151] Concrete sample 5 was slowly rotated one revolution.

[0152] Simultaneously, the drive motor 40202 of the detection module lifting component 402 is activated. The drive motor 40202 is driven by the meshing of the worm gear 40207 and the worm wheel 40208, which drives the winding wheel 40205 to wind up or release the closed track 40201, thereby driving the arc-shaped lifting plate 40203 and the microwave heating irradiator 403, infrared camera 404 and microwave reflection ring 40204 fixed on it to rise and fall smoothly along the height direction of the concrete sample 5, adjusting the detection position.

[0153] 5. Seepage process detection and imaging stage:

[0154] The global control system module 1 controls the microwave heating irradiator 403 to start. The microwaves emitted by the microwave heating irradiator 403 are reflected by the microwave reflection ring 40204 and act uniformly on the surface of the concrete sample 5 (the uneven reflective surface of the inner wall of the microwave reflection ring 40204 can enhance the uniformity of the microwaves), thus heating the concrete sample 5.

[0155] As salt migrates with the water flow during the seepage process, the temperature distribution of different seepage areas on the surface of concrete sample 5 after heating is different. The infrared camera 404 simultaneously takes continuous pictures of the surface of concrete sample 5 to capture infrared thermal imaging information.

[0156] By combining the salt development effect with infrared tracing information, the seepage path, seepage flow rate, and seepage uniformity of concrete sample 5 were accurately measured. During the experiment, the global control system module 1 collected and stored data from each sensor and infrared imaging data in real time, completing the entire seepage simulation and measurement process.

[0157] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A controllable height seepage simulation and measurement device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing, comprising a pressurization module controlled by a global control system module, a high-pressure air pump, and an experimental main module, characterized in that: The main experimental module includes an experimental frame, a pressure hoop assembly set at the top inside the experimental frame, a platform assembly set at the bottom inside the experimental frame, an isolation protective cover covering the pressure hoop assembly and the platform assembly, and a detection module lifting assembly set on the side of the isolation protective cover. After the concrete sample on the platform assembly is lifted into the pressure hoop assembly, the pressure module injects water into the pressure hoop assembly to pressurize it, so as to create a high-pressure water head environment on the top of the concrete sample. A high-pressure air pump is used to pressurize the pressure hoop assembly to completely and tightly seal the upper sidewall of the concrete sample. The detection module lifting component includes several sets of parallel closed tracks, several sets of microwave reflective rings fixed on the inner wall of the parallel closed tracks, and several sets of microwave heating irradiators and infrared cameras fixed on the outer wall of the parallel closed tracks. The enclosed track is driven by a corresponding drive motor, which drives the microwave reflector ring, microwave heating irradiator and infrared camera to move up and down synchronously. The pressure hoop assembly and the platform assembly synchronously drive the concrete sample to rotate one revolution. The microwave heating irradiator is used to heat the concrete sample, and the infrared camera is used to take pictures of the concrete sample surface. The pressurized hoop assembly includes a hollow column, a pressure-bearing cylinder fixed to the outside of the hollow column by several sets of spacers, a confining cylinder sleeved to the outside of the pressure-bearing cylinder, an elastic rubber cylinder fixed to the inner wall of the confining cylinder, and a flexible rubber seat fixed to the bottom of the pressure-bearing cylinder. The flexible rubber seat is connected to the hollow column, and several sets of water outlet holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the flexible rubber seat. The limiting connection assembly on the pressure-bearing cylinder is used to realize the vertical movement of the confining pressure cylinder relative to the pressure-bearing cylinder; The pressurization module includes a water tank, a water pump fixed on the top of the water tank, and a water injection pipe fixed at the outlet of the water pump. The hollow column is provided with a hollow rotating shaft at the top. The hollow rotating shaft is connected to the first rotating shaft at the output end of the first motor through a first reducer and is driven by it. A water collection cap is sleeved after the top of the hollow rotating shaft extends out of the first reducer. The water injection pipe is connected to the side of the water collection cap.

2. The controllable height seepage simulation and determination device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental frame includes a top plate for mounting the pressure hoop assembly, a bottom plate for mounting the platform assembly, and columns fixed between the top plate and the bottom plate. The isolation protective cover is connected between the top plate and the bottom plate.

3. The controllable height seepage simulation and determination device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting connection assembly includes an upper limit ring fixed to the outer side of the top of the pressure cylinder and several sets of first electric rods and telescopic rods equally spaced at the bottom of the upper limit ring. The bottom output end of the first electric rod is connected to the outer wall of the confining cylinder. A lower limit ring is fixed on the outer side of the bottom of the confining cylinder, and the bottom output end of the telescopic rod is connected to the upper end of the lower limit ring.

4. The controllable height seepage simulation and determination device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure air pump; A spiral hose is provided in the space between the pressure-bearing cylinder and the hollow column, and the spiral hose is located between adjacent partition plates; The pressure-bearing cylinder has a vertical slot on its side wall, and the upper part of the inner wall of the elastic rubber cylinder has a connector that extends through the vertical slot. The connector is connected to the inflation pipe through a spiral hose.

5. The controllable height seepage simulation and determination device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The platform assembly includes a second reducer driven by a second shaft at the output end of a second motor, a turntable connected to the top output end of the second reducer, a rotating seat on the turntable, a limiting plate fixed to the top of the rotating seat, and a platform at the upper center of the limiting plate.

6. The controllable height seepage simulation and determination device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the turntable is provided with several sets of plug-in plates, which are inserted into the corresponding plug-in slots at the bottom of the rotating seat; A lifting ring is fitted onto the outer side of the bottom of the rotating seat, and the bottom of the lifting ring is connected to the top of the output end of the second electric rod.

7. The controllable height seepage simulation and determination device for concrete components based on salt development and infrared tracing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the closed track are wound up by corresponding take-up wheels. The take-up wheels are provided with worm gears on their sides, and the worm gears mesh with the worm at the output end of the drive motor. Several sets of parallel closed tracks are fixed with arc-shaped lifting plates. The microwave reflector ring is fixed to the inner wall of the arc-shaped lifting plate, and the microwave heating irradiator and infrared camera are fixed to the outer wall of the arc-shaped lifting plate.

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