Transformer oil burning explosion testing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer oil burning and explosion testing device and method, and relates to the technical field of transformer oil burning and explosion test.The transformer oil burning and explosion testing device is improved on the basis of a traditional closed explosion tube, a heating atomization system, an ignition system, a data acquisition system and a synchronous control system are added, directional heating and efficient atomization of an oil body are achieved, and the oil body can be heated and ignited at the same time. Therefore, stable and controllable oil mist steam is actively generated in an experimental environment, and high-precision simulation of the oil mist burning and explosion process under extreme faults in the transformer is realized. The controllable oil mist steam can be actively generated, the limitation of traditional pool fire research is broken through, and the burning and explosion characteristics, such as the explosion limit and the flame propagation rule, in the atomization state are truly represented. All the systems work cooperatively, so that the repeatability and safety of the experiment are improved, and a scientific experiment basis is provided for risk assessment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer oil combustion and explosion testing technology, and in particular to a transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of industrial safety and energy security, the study of the combustion and explosion characteristics of transformer oil has always been the core of risk prevention and control for power equipment. However, existing technologies have long been limited to macroscopic, steady-state combustion models such as pool fire or splash fire, focusing on the combustion behavior of oil after it accumulates, flows, or sprays on equipment surfaces or the ground. Although such studies can partially reveal the external characteristics of oil combustion, such as flame height and heat release rate, they cannot reflect the complex combustion and explosion process caused by extreme fault conditions inside the transformer, such as the opening of pressure relief valves, tank rupture, or arc discharge.

[0003] In practice, when a transformer experiences a severe fault, the internal oil will rapidly atomize due to the high temperature effect, forming a high-concentration mixture of oil vapor and air. The combustion pattern is closer to a spray fire than a traditional pool fire. This atomized combustion explosion is characterized by rapid propagation, complex flame morphology, and a sharp increase in pressure. Its instantaneous explosion is fundamentally different from the continuous surface combustion of a pool fire, and its potential destructive power and risk of loss of control are far beyond those of a pool fire.

[0004] The limitations of existing technologies lie not only in the one-sidedness of simulated scenarios but also in the inherent defects of experimental apparatus. Traditional research often employs static pool fire or simple splashing devices based on sealed explosion tubes, which cannot actively generate controllable oil mist vapor, thus making it difficult to simulate the high-temperature atomization state inside transformers. For example, pool fire experiments can only observe the slow combustion of liquid oil, but cannot capture parameters such as explosion limits and flame propagation patterns in the atomized state. Because existing technologies cannot reproduce the most dangerous and fundamental oil mist combustion and explosion scenarios in transformer faults in the laboratory, safety standards and explosion-proof strategies developed based on pool fire research data have fatally insufficient applicability when dealing with the real risks of internal oil mist explosions. Furthermore, technicians have long been limited by the bottlenecks of heating atomization technology, believing that sealed explosion tubes are only suitable for gas-phase combustion and explosion, while neglecting the necessity of active oil atomization.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an experimental device and method that can break through the cognitive boundaries of traditional combustion models to fill the data gap between pool fire and spray fire, and to provide an indispensable experimental foundation and scientific basis for accurately assessing the real combustion and explosion risk of transformers under extreme operating conditions and formulating corresponding active prevention and control strategies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above or prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device, comprising a sealed explosion tube for containing a combustible mixture and withstanding the high temperature and high pressure generated during the combustion and explosion process; The heating atomization system connected to the sealed explosion tube is used to heat and atomize the transformer oil, forming oil mist vapor inside the explosion tube. An ignition system connected to the sealed explosion tube is used to ignite the fuel mist vapor; The data acquisition system is used to collect and record various parameters during the combustion and explosion process; and The synchronous control system is used to coordinate and control the operation of the heating atomization system, ignition system, gas distribution system and data acquisition system, so as to realize the automated control of oil mist generation, mixing, ignition and data acquisition.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device of the present invention, the sealed explosion tube is provided with an observation window for observing the internal combustion process.

[0009] By setting up an observation window, the combustion and explosion process can be visualized and monitored, allowing researchers to intuitively capture phenomena such as the shape and structure of the flame and its propagation path. This facilitates data recording and analysis, providing direct visual evidence for a deeper understanding of the complex mechanism of oil mist combustion and explosion, and making up for the shortcomings of the black box operation of traditional closed explosion devices.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device of the present invention, the heating atomization system includes a heating device disposed inside the sealed explosion tube and a temperature control device disposed outside the sealed explosion tube.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device of the present invention, the heating device is one or more combinations of a heating plate, a heating wire, or a heating tube.

[0012] By combining the temperature control device and the heating device, the oil temperature can be precisely controlled within the required atomization range, generating oil mist vapor with uniform particle size and stable distribution. This lays a solid foundation for obtaining reliable and comparable experimental data, breaks through the technical bottleneck of traditional methods in generating controllable oil mist, and avoids experimental deviations caused by uneven oil mist in traditional methods.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device of the present invention, the ignition system includes an ignition electrode with one end disposed in the sealed explosion tube and an ignition transformer connected to the ignition electrode.

[0014] By employing an ignition system consisting of an ignition transformer and ignition electrodes, a high-energy electric spark can be released at a precise location within a sealed explosion tube, ensuring reliable ignition when the oil mist concentration reaches the flammable range. This avoids experimental failure due to insufficient ignition energy or positional deviation, thereby improving the success rate and consistency of combustion and explosion triggering.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device of the present invention, the data acquisition system includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor disposed inside the sealed explosion tube, and a high-speed photography device and a data acquisition device disposed outside the sealed explosion tube.

[0016] By combining pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and high-speed photography equipment, a multi-physical parameter synchronous acquisition system is formed. The combination of the three enables comprehensive and full-process recording of the transient and complex process of oil mist combustion and explosion, resulting in a more complete and scientific dataset. As a preferred embodiment of the transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device of the present invention, it further includes a gas distribution and exhaust system for injecting ignition gas and / or auxiliary gas into the sealed explosion tube, mixing with oil mist vapor to form a combustible mixture, and discharging exhaust gas after combustion.

[0017] The gas mixing and exhaust system can not only inject ignition gas or auxiliary gas as needed to precisely control the concentration of the mixture, but also promptly discharge toxic waste gas after the experiment to ensure the safety and cleanliness of the experimental environment. At the same time, it supports multiple consecutive experiments, improving testing efficiency and ease of operation. The beneficial effects of this scheme are as follows: By improving upon the traditional sealed explosion tube, a heating atomization system, an ignition system, a data acquisition system, and a synchronous control system are added, achieving directional heating and efficient atomization of the oil. This allows for the active generation of stable and controllable oil mist vapor in the experimental environment, enabling high-precision simulation of the oil mist combustion and explosion process under extreme faults inside transformers. This invention can actively generate controllable oil mist vapor, overcoming the limitations of traditional pool fire research and realistically reproducing the combustion and explosion characteristics under atomized conditions, such as explosion limits and flame propagation laws. The coordinated operation of each system not only improves the repeatability and safety of the experiment but also provides a scientific experimental basis for risk assessment.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to provide a testing method for a transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device, comprising the following steps: The transformer oil is heated and atomized by the heating and atomization system to form oil mist vapor. The gas distribution and exhaust system injects ignition gas and / or auxiliary gas into the sealed explosion tube to fully mix the oil mist vapor with the gas. The ignition system generates an electric spark, which ignites the fuel mist mixture and triggers a combustion and explosion reaction. The data acquisition system collects, records, and stores pressure, temperature, flame propagation speed, and morphological parameters during the combustion and explosion process in real time. The timing of each step is uniformly scheduled by the synchronous control system, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the gas distribution and exhaust system after the experiment. As a preferred embodiment of the test method for the aforementioned transformer oil combustion and explosion test device, wherein: During the heating process, the oil temperature is controlled within a preset range by the temperature control device, and the atomization process continues until the oil mist vapor is evenly distributed.

[0019] By controlling the oil temperature within a preset range through a temperature control device and ensuring that the oil mist is evenly distributed, the atomization degree under different fault levels inside the transformer is effectively simulated, making the experimental conditions closer to the real working conditions and avoiding data distortion caused by uneven atomization or temperature fluctuations.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the test method for the aforementioned transformer oil combustion and explosion test device, the injection of ignition gas and / or auxiliary gas includes injecting gas according to a set setting and ensuring that the mixing time reaches a predetermined value to optimize the combustion and explosion conditions.

[0021] By injecting gas according to a set time and controlling the mixing time, the formation of combustible mixtures can be optimized, which not only improves the success rate of experiments, but also enhances the predictability and repeatability of combustion and explosion reactions. It also provides a basis for systematically studying the influence of concentration on combustion and explosion intensity.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this plan are: The method of this invention achieves full-cycle automated control of oil mist generation, mixing, ignition and data acquisition through a standardized process, which improves experimental efficiency and consistency; it overcomes the uncertainty of traditional manual operation, ensures the controllability and repeatability of the oil mist combustion and explosion process, provides a reliable platform for large-scale data acquisition and risk analysis, and the obtained combustion and explosion parameters can be used for explosion-proof design of power equipment, thus bridging the technical gap between basic research and engineering applications. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device.

[0025] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the experimental procedure for a transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device.

[0026] Figure 3 The pressure change characteristic curve is obtained from an experiment using a transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device.

[0027] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, the red line represents the ignition system; the blue and brown lines represent the data acquisition system; the green line represents the synchronization control system; the black line represents the valve train and exhaust system; and the orange line represents the heating and atomization system.

[0028] 1. Sealed explosion tube; 11. Observation window; 21. Heating device; 22. Temperature control device; 23. Atomizing nozzle; 31. Ignition electrode; 32. Ignition transformer; 41. Pressure sensor; 42. Temperature sensor; 43. High-speed photography equipment; 44. Data acquisition unit; 45. Data processor; 51. Ignition gas; 52. Assist gas; 53. Vacuum pump; 6. Pressure relief port; 7. Synchronization controller. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides a transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device, which includes, The sealed explosion tube 1 is used to contain the combustible mixture and withstand the high temperature and pressure generated during the combustion and explosion process; The heating atomization system connected to the sealed explosion tube 1 is used to heat and atomize the transformer oil, forming oil mist vapor inside the explosion tube; An ignition system connected to the sealed explosion tube 1 is used to ignite the fuel mist vapor; The data acquisition system is used to collect and record parameters such as pressure change curves, flame propagation speed, flame morphology characteristics, temperature distribution, and combustion intensity during the combustion and explosion process; and The synchronous control system is electrically connected to the heating and atomization system, ignition system, data acquisition system, and gas distribution and exhaust system. It is used to coordinate the operation of the heating and atomization system, ignition system, gas distribution system, and data acquisition system to achieve fully automated control of the entire process of oil mist generation, mixing, ignition, and data acquisition.

[0033] The synchronous control system uses automated timing logic to uniformly schedule and automatically control the above-mentioned links, so that the entire experimental process can be carried out safely and orderly in a predetermined order, and the protection program can be triggered in time when abnormal situations occur, thereby ensuring the safety of experimental operators and equipment; the synchronous control system includes a synchronous controller 7.

[0034] The sealed explosion tube 1 has a high-strength transparent observation window 11 on its side wall, which can monitor and record the experimental process in real time, so as to intuitively grasp the phenomena such as flame propagation and combustion mode. The sealed explosion tube 1 is a horizontally set square or cylindrical pressure-resistant pipe. In this embodiment, a horizontally placed square pipe is used. The pipe body is made of high temperature and pressure resistant metal material, which can withstand the high temperature and high pressure generated during the combustion and explosion process.

[0035] Reference Figures 1-2 As one embodiment of the present invention, The heating atomization system heats the added transformer oil by means of a heating device 21 installed inside the sealed explosion tube 1, so that it reaches the set temperature and atomizes into fine and uniform oil mist vapor, thereby simulating the high-temperature atomization state that may occur when the transformer is in the event of arc discharge or internal fault; the temperature control device 22 installed outside the sealed explosion tube 1 and connected to the heating device 21 is used to maintain the oil temperature within the set range to ensure the uniformity and stability of the oil mist vapor.

[0036] The heating device 21 can be one or more combinations of a heating plate, a heating wire, or a heating tube. In this embodiment, a heating plate is selected as the heating device 21. To facilitate atomization, an atomizing nozzle 23 is provided at the inlet of the transformer oil and gas distribution and exhaust system into the sealed explosion pipe 1.

[0037] The ignition system includes an ignition electrode 31 with one end set in a sealed explosion tube 1 and an ignition transformer 32 connected to the ignition electrode 31. The ignition transformer 32 controls the ignition electrode 31 to ignite the ignition gas 51 in the pipeline and drive the oil mist vapor to participate in the reaction, ultimately forming a stable combustion and explosion process.

[0038] Reference Figures 1-2 As one embodiment of the present invention, The data acquisition system includes a pressure sensor 41 and a temperature sensor 42 installed inside the sealed explosion tube 1, and a high-speed photography device 43 and a data acquisition unit 44 installed outside the sealed explosion tube 1. The pressure sensor 41, temperature sensor 42, and high-speed photography device 43 are used to collect data parameters such as pressure changes, temperature field distribution, and flame propagation speed and propagation patterns during the combustion and explosion process in real time. The data acquisition unit 44 records and stores the data from the pressure sensor 41 and temperature sensor 42, and the high-speed photography device 43 can record and store data independently. All data is aggregated in the data processor 45 to provide accurate data support for subsequent experimental analysis. Related data acquisition devices can also be added or removed according to actual conditions.

[0039] In this embodiment, three pressure sensors 41 are provided. In order to fully capture the pressure change pattern during the combustion and explosion process, the three sensors are arranged at different positions along the axial direction of the sealed explosion tube 1. They can record the pressure rise time and peak value difference during the propagation of the combustion and explosion wave, thereby reflecting the flame propagation speed and the movement pattern of the detonation wave front. At the same time, the synchronous acquisition of pressure at multiple points can avoid single-point measurement errors and improve the reliability and repeatability of the data. A temperature sensor 42 is located at the upper part of the middle end of the sealed explosion tube 1, which can monitor the internal temperature of the pipe in real time.

[0040] Reference Figures 1-2 As one embodiment of the present invention, It also includes a gas distribution and exhaust system connected to the sealed explosion tube 1, used to inject ignition gas 51 and / or auxiliary gas 52 into the sealed explosion tube 1 before ignition, mix with oil mist vapor to form a combustible mixture, and exhaust exhaust gas after combustion; the gas distribution and exhaust system is responsible for injecting ignition gas 51 and auxiliary gas 52 into the pipeline, and simultaneously exhausting the generated exhaust gas after the experiment to ensure the safety and cleanliness of the experimental environment; in this embodiment, the ignition gas 51 is hydrogen, and the auxiliary gas 52 is compressed air. In actual experiments, it can be adjusted according to needs. The ignition gas 51 can also be methane or other combustible gases with the same equivalence ratio, all of which can be used as ignition gas; since the auxiliary gas 52 is only used to disperse the transformer oil more evenly inside the pipeline for better heating and atomization effect, only compressed air is recommended here. In this embodiment, the exhaust gas is exhausted by a vacuum pump 53.

[0041] It also includes a pressure relief port 6, used to regulate the pressure inside the sealed explosion tube 1. The pressure relief port 6 is electrically connected to the synchronous control system. When the rate of pressure rise inside the tube is detected to exceed a set threshold, the pressure relief port 6 is automatically opened to prevent overpressure damage to the equipment.

[0042] Overall, the testing device of this invention can not only effectively simulate the real process of oil mist combustion and explosion, but also has the advantages of simple operation, high repeatability, and controllable experimental parameters, providing a solid experimental platform for studying the mechanism of oil mist combustion and explosion and formulating prevention and control measures.

[0043] Reference Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides a testing method for a transformer oil combustion and explosion testing device, including the following steps: The transformer oil is heated and atomized into oil mist vapor by a heating atomization system. The ignition gas 51 and / or auxiliary gas 52 are injected into the sealed explosion tube 1 through the gas distribution and exhaust system to fully mix the oil mist vapor with the gas. An electric spark is generated by the ignition system to ignite the fuel mist mixture and trigger a combustion and explosion reaction. The data acquisition system collects, records, and stores pressure, temperature, flame propagation speed, and morphological parameters during the combustion and explosion process in real time. Pressure sensor 41, temperature sensor 42, high-speed photography equipment 43, and data acquisition device 44 work synchronously, and the collected data is processed and stored in real time for subsequent analysis of the oil mist combustion and explosion mechanism.

[0044] The timing of each step is uniformly scheduled by a synchronous control system, and the exhaust gas is discharged through the gas distribution and exhaust system after the experiment. Furthermore, during the heating process, the oil temperature is controlled within a preset range by the temperature control device 22. The specific preset temperature range needs to be considered in conjunction with the physicochemical properties of the oil used in the experiment. For the 25# transformer insulating oil used in this embodiment, the preset range can be considered to be within the range of 120~150℃. The atomization process continues until the oil mist vapor is evenly distributed.

[0045] Furthermore, the injection of ignition gas 51 and / or auxiliary gas 52 includes the injection of gases according to a set setting. Ignition gas 51 is hydrogen equivalence ratio, and auxiliary gas 52 is compressed air. The predetermined injection amount is determined by controlling the injection time through a solenoid valve. The specific injection time needs to be set according to the amount of oil used in the experiment through a synchronous controller 7. In this embodiment, a Fukde3V series solenoid valve is used. The injection time of ignition gas 51 is 3s, and the injection time of auxiliary gas 52 is 6s. It is also ensured that the mixing time reaches the predetermined value. The predetermined value is the time it takes for the oil to diffuse into the entire pipeline after being dispersed by the atomizing nozzle 23. This value needs to be set in conjunction with the amount of oil used in the experiment. A previously used method is to set up a transparent acrylic pipeline of the same structure and observe the time required for uniform dispersion as the mixing time required to reach the predetermined value. In this embodiment, the required time is 7.5s to optimize the combustion and explosion conditions.

[0046] In this test method, the added transformer oil is first heated by heating device 21 to atomize it under preset temperature conditions, forming a uniformly distributed oil mist vapor. This effectively simulates the high-temperature oil atomization that may occur inside the equipment under fault conditions. Subsequently, the gas distribution and exhaust system injects a certain amount of ignition gas 51 and / or auxiliary gas 52 into the explosion tube according to the set requirements, ensuring that the oil mist vapor can fully contact and mix with it, guaranteeing that it can be successfully ignited under ignition conditions. After the oil mist and ignition gas 51 reach the expected mixing state, the ignition system releases an electric spark at a predetermined position to trigger combustion, igniting the oil mist vapor and initiating a combustion-explosion reaction.

[0047] During the experiment, the data acquisition system recorded various key parameters within the sealed explosion tube 1 in real time, including but not limited to pressure change curves, flame propagation speed, flame morphology characteristics, temperature distribution, and combustion intensity. The collected data was processed and stored in real time for subsequent in-depth analysis and comparative studies. To ensure the safety and repeatability of the experiment, after the experiment, the exhaust gases and residues produced by combustion were safely discharged through the gas distribution and exhaust system to avoid pollution or harm to the experimental environment. The discharge time depended on the exhaust gas conditions; for complete discharge, it was recommended to extend the discharge time.

[0048] The entire experiment was conducted under the unified scheduling of a synchronous control system. Each system operated strictly according to the predetermined timing and logical sequence, ensuring both the orderliness and stability of the experiment and enabling timely triggering of safety protection measures in case of anomalies. This method comprehensively reveals the combustion and explosion mechanism and characteristic parameters of transformer oil in atomized state, providing reliable experimental evidence for assessing its risks under extreme operating conditions and formulating corresponding prevention and control strategies.

[0049] To illustrate the measurement accuracy and applicability of this invention, existing publicly available literature is used as a reference. The reference is the study on the consequences and influencing factors of transformer oil decomposition gas explosion published by Hu Ran, Li Bing, Zhu Jingyu, et al. in Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection. In the literature, the typical results of the maximum explosion overpressure of transformer oil decomposition gas or oil mist explosion in open / indoor spaces or operating conditions are in the range of about 25–93 kPa. For example, the maximum overpressure in a specific scenario is 28.69 kPa.

[0050] The testing device described in this invention, under the same or comparable ignition and atomization conditions, measured the average peak explosion pressure under different oil volume conditions as 352.52–429.49 kPa, which is significantly higher than the literature value. With 28.69 kPa as the reference value, the peak pressure measured by this invention is about 12–15 times higher. That is, this device can capture a higher amplitude transient pressure field under confined and pipe-scale conditions, thereby more realistically reflecting the impact of combustion explosion on components in pipes / confined structures.

[0051] The data measured in the experiment specifically consisted of the average of the experimental data from each group of three sensors. Figure 3 As shown in (a), after triggering, the pressure at all three pressure sensors initially rises and then falls. This trend is mainly attributed to the fact that the combustible gas releases a large amount of heat during the combustion reaction, causing the local air to expand rapidly, which in turn causes the internal pressure of the system to rise sharply to its peak value in a very short time. As the combustion reaction continues, a large amount of combustible gas in the pipeline is consumed, the gas volume decreases, and the system pressure drops rapidly until it falls below normal pressure, forming an instantaneous negative pressure. Subsequently, due to the slow replenishment of residual gas in the pipeline and the stabilizing effect of the system, the pressure gradually rises and tends to stabilize. It can also be seen that, under the condition of combustion without adding transformer oil, the time to reach the maximum explosion pressure Pmax is close. Figure 3 -(b) shows that when 1 mL of transformer oil was added, the peak value of the maximum explosion pressure did not change significantly compared to the oil-free condition, and the peak appearance time was slightly delayed. This indicates that the presence of a small amount of oil mist had a certain inhibitory effect on the combustion rate, slowing down the progression of the deflagration process. In contrast, Figure 3 -(c) shows that when 2 mL of transformer oil is added, the maximum explosion pressure of the system increases significantly, and the time of pressure peak occurrence is significantly advanced, indicating that a higher oil mist concentration contributes to an increased combustion reaction rate and enhanced deflagration intensity. The pressure data under different operating conditions are combined, and their average values ​​are plotted. Figure 3 -(d) systematically demonstrates the overall impact of transformer oil addition on the pressure response during the explosion process. The experimental data, including the maximum explosion pressure Pmax and the time t required to reach it, are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Experimental data under different working conditions

[0052] The above experiments demonstrate that this device can capture transient pressure fields with higher amplitudes under confined, pipe-scale conditions, thus more realistically reflecting the impact of combustion explosions on components within pipes / confined structures.

[0053] Importantly, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer oil flammability test apparatus, characterized by: comprising, a closed explosion tube (1) for containing combustible mixture and bearing high temperature and high pressure generated by combustion process; a heating and atomizing system connected with the closed explosion tube (1) for heating and atomizing transformer oil to form oil mist vapor in the explosion tube; an ignition system connected with the closed explosion tube (1) for igniting oil mist vapor; a data acquisition system for collecting and recording various parameters in the combustion process; and a synchronous control system for coordinating the operation of the heating and atomizing system, ignition system, gas distribution system and data acquisition system to realize the automatic control of oil mist generation, mixing, ignition and data acquisition.

2. The transformer oil combustion test device according to claim 1, wherein: the closed explosion tube (1) is provided with an observation window (11) for observing the internal combustion process.

3. The transformer oil combustion test device according to claim 1, wherein: the heating and atomizing system comprises a heating device (21) arranged in the closed explosion tube (1) and a temperature control device (22) arranged outside the closed explosion tube (1).

4. The transformer oil combustion test device according to claim 3, wherein: the heating device (21) is one or a combination of heating plate, heating wire or heating tube.

5. The transformer oil combustion test device according to claim 1, wherein: the ignition system comprises an ignition electrode (31) arranged in the closed explosion tube (1) and an ignition transformer (32) connected with the ignition electrode (31).

6. The transformer oil combustion test device according to claim 1, wherein: the data acquisition system comprises a pressure sensor (41) and a temperature sensor (42) arranged in the closed explosion tube (1), and a high-speed photography device (43) and a data acquisition device (44) arranged outside the closed explosion tube (1).

7. The transformer oil combustion test device according to claim 1, further comprising a gas distribution and exhaust system for injecting ignition gas (51) and / or auxiliary gas (52) into the closed explosion tube (1) to mix with oil mist vapor to form combustible mixture, and exhausting exhaust gas after combustion. comprising the following steps: heating and atomizing transformer oil by the heating and atomizing system to form oil mist vapor; 8. A method of testing a transformer oil flammability test apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, injecting ignition gas (51) and / or auxiliary gas (52) into the closed explosion tube (1) by the gas distribution and exhaust system to fully mix oil mist vapor with gas; generating electric spark by the ignition system to ignite oil mist mixture and trigger combustion reaction; collecting, recording and storing data parameters in the combustion process in real time by the data acquisition system; unifying the timing of each step by the synchronous control system, and exhausting exhaust gas by the gas distribution and exhaust system after the experiment.

9. The test method of the transformer oil combustion test device according to claim 8, wherein: ​ ​ In the heating process, the oil temperature is controlled within a preset range by the temperature control device (22), and the atomization process continues until the oil mist vapor is uniformly distributed.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the transformer oil combustion test device is a transformer oil combustion test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The injection of the pilot gas (51) and / or the auxiliary gas (52) includes setting the injection gas and ensuring that the mixing time reaches a predetermined value to optimize the combustion conditions.

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